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School Mental Health:School Mental Health:Working Toward a Shared Working Toward a Shared
FrameworkFrameworkAn International PerspectiveAn International Perspective
Cheryl Vince WhitmanCheryl Vince WhitmanPresident, IntercamhsPresident, Intercamhs
Senior Vice President, EDCSenior Vice President, EDCDirector, WHO Collaborating CenterDirector, WHO Collaborating Center
November 5, 2009November 5, 2009
Roots of FrameworkRoots of Framework
1.1. Alma-Ata Declaration (1978);Alma-Ata Declaration (1978);
2.2. Ottawa Charter (1986); Ottawa Charter (1986);
3.3. Health Promoting School (Global School Health Promoting School (Global School Health Initiative 1995-present;Health Initiative 1995-present;
4.4. WHO Publications on Mental Health WHO Publications on Mental Health Promotion and Prevention of Disorders Promotion and Prevention of Disorders (2004) (2004)
Alma-Ata Declaration 1978Alma-Ata Declaration 1978
• Existing gross inequality in the health status Existing gross inequality in the health status of the people particularly between developed of the people particularly between developed and developing countries & within countries and developing countries & within countries is politically, socially and economicallyis politically, socially and economically
• unacceptable and is, therefore, of common unacceptable and is, therefore, of common concern to all countries.concern to all countries.
Ottawa Charter 1986Ottawa Charter 1986
Health is to be created Health is to be created where people live, love, where people live, love, learn, work and playlearn, work and play. .
WHO’s Health Promoting SchoolWHO’s Health Promoting School
WHO Publications on MH Promotion WHO Publications on MH Promotion and Prevention of Disordersand Prevention of Disorders
WHO Definition of Mental HealthWHO Definition of Mental Health
A state of well-being in which the A state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or able to make a contribution to his or her community her community (WHO 2001a,p.1)(WHO 2001a,p.1)
Mental Health PromotionMental Health Promotion
Creation of individual, social Creation of individual, social and environmental and environmental conditions that enable conditions that enable optimal psychological and optimal psychological and psycho-physiological psycho-physiological development. development.
Prevention Mental DisordersPrevention Mental DisordersAims to:Aims to:
reduce the time spent with symptoms or reduce the time spent with symptoms or the risk condition for a mental illness;the risk condition for a mental illness;
prevent or delay recurrences; and prevent or delay recurrences; and decrease the impact of illness in the decrease the impact of illness in the
affected person, their families& society affected person, their families& society (Mrazek & Haggerty, 1994)(Mrazek & Haggerty, 1994)
Conceptual Framework for ActionConceptual Framework for Action
• Focus on social and economic Focus on social and economic determinants of mental healthdeterminants of mental health
• Involve the full range of health promotion Involve the full range of health promotion methodologies that work at the population methodologies that work at the population and subpopulation levelsand subpopulation levels
• Engage those working across sectors and Engage those working across sectors and settingssettings
How do all these How do all these elements apply to a elements apply to a
framework and framework and language for schools language for schools and mental health?and mental health?
Intercamhs’ Approach to Mental Intercamhs’ Approach to Mental Health and SchoolsHealth and Schools
UNIVERSAL MENTAL HEALTH PROMOTION(100%)
SELECTIVE INTERVENTIONS(youth at-risk for MH problems)
INDICATED INTERVENTIONS(20-30%)
TREATMENT(3-12%)
Health Promoting : Mental HealthHealth Promoting : Mental Health
Elements of Framework Elements of Framework
• Positive definition mental health;Positive definition mental health;• Promotion Promotion andand Prevention; Prevention;• Whole school approach;Whole school approach;• Universal, selected, indicatedUniversal, selected, indicated• Participation, diversity, inclusive.Participation, diversity, inclusive.
Elements of Framework Elements of Framework
• Universal, selected and indicated;Universal, selected and indicated;• Draws on evidence;Draws on evidence;• Poverty and Social and economic Poverty and Social and economic
factors as determinants;factors as determinants;• Continuously assesses progressContinuously assesses progress
Contact DetailsContact Details
Cheryl Vince WhitmanCheryl Vince WhitmanPresident, IntercamhsPresident, Intercamhs
Senior Vice President, EDCSenior Vice President, EDCDirector, WHO Collaborating CenterDirector, WHO Collaborating Center
[email protected] www.intercamhs.org [email protected] www.intercamhs.org Ph: 617-618-2300 www.hhd.orgPh: 617-618-2300 www.hhd.org
EDC-Health and Human Development DivisionEDC-Health and Human Development Division55 Chapel Street, Newton, MA, USA 02458-106055 Chapel Street, Newton, MA, USA 02458-1060
