SCHEME OF STUDIES - Result.pk · Web viewii. Which of the following is not taken into account in adjusting the cash balance? A. Mistakes in the cash book B. Mistakes in the pass book

SCHEME OF STUDIESFOR HSSC (CLASSES XI–XII)

COMPULSORY FOR ALL (500 marks)

1. English (Compulsory)/ English (Advance) 2 papers 200 marks

2. Urdu (Compulsory)/ Urdu Salees In lieu of Urdu 2 papers 200 marks (Compulsory)/ Pakistan Culture for Foreign

Students Part – I and Pakistan Culture Paper-II

3. Islamic Education/Civics (for Non-Muslims) 1 paper 50 marks

4. Pakistan Studies 1 paper 50 marks

SCIENCE GROUP (600 marks)

The students will choose one of the following (A), (B) and (C) Groups carrying 600 marks:

(A) Pre-Medical Group:

Physics, Chemistry, Biology

(B) Pre-Engineering Group:

Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics

(C) Science General Group:

1. Physics, Mathematics, Statistics 2. Mathematics, Economics, Statistics 3. Economics, Mathematics, Computer Science

4. Physics, Mathematics, Computer Science 5. Mathematics, Statistics, Computer Science

HUMANITIES GROUP (600 marks)

Select three subjects of 200 marks each from the following:

S. No. Subject S. No. Subject

1. Arabic/Persian/French/English (Elective)/Urdu (Elective)

10.11.

Sindhi (Elective)Civics

2. Economics 12. Education3. Fine Arts 13. Geography4. Philosophy 14. Sociology5. Psychology 15. Mathematics6. Statistics 16. Computer Science7. History of Modern World/Islamic History/

History of Muslim India/ History of Pakistan17.18.

Islamic CultureLibrary Science

8. Islamic Studies 19. Outlines of Home Economics9. Health and Physical Education

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http://www.result.pk/























COMMERCE GROUP (600 marks)

HSSC – I

1. Principles of Accounting paper – I 100 marks 2. Principles of Economics paper – I 75 marks 3. Principles of Commerce paper – I 75 marks 4. Business Mathematics paper – I 50 marks

HSSC – II

1. Principles of Accounting paper – II 100 marks 2. Commercial Geography paper – II 75 marks 3. Computer Studies/Typing/Banking paper – II 75 marks 4. Statistics paper – II 50 marks

MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY GROUP (600 marks each)

1. Medical Lab Technology Group 2. Dental Hygiene Technology Group 3. Operation Theater Technology Group 4 Medical Imaging Technology Group 5. Physiotherapy Technology Group 6. Ophthalmic Technology Group

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AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF EDUCATION POLICY(1998 – 2010)

AIMS

Education is a powerful catalyzing agent which provides mental, physical, ideological

and moral training to individuals, so as to enable them to have full consciousness of their

mission, of their purpose in life and equip them to achieve that purpose. It is an instrument for

the spiritual development as well as the material fulfillment of human beings. Within the context

of Islamic perception, education is an instrument for developing the attitudes of individuals in

accordance with the values of righteousness to help build a sound Islamic society.

After independence in 1947 efforts were made to provide a definite direction to education

in Pakistan. Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah laid down a set of aims that provided

guidance to all educational endeavours in the country. This policy, too has sought inspiration and

guidance from those directions and the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The policy

cannot put it in a better way than the Quaid’s words:

“You know that the importance of Education and the right type of education cannot be

overemphasized. Under foreign rule for over a century, sufficient attention has not been

paid to the education of our people and if we are to make real, speedy and substantial

progress, we must earnestly tackle this question and bring our people in consonance with

our history and culture, having regard for the modern conditions and vast developments

that have taken place all over the world.”

“There is no doubt that the future of our State will and must greatly depend upon the type

of education we give to our children, and the way in which we bring them up as future

citizens of Pakistan. Education does not merely mean academic education. There is

immediate and urgent need for giving scientific and technical education to our people in

order to build up our future economic life and to see that our people take to science,

commerce, trade and particularly well-planned industries. We should not forget that we

have to compete with the world which is moving very fast towards growth and

development.”

“At the same time we have to build up the character of our future generation. We should

try, by sound education, to instill into them the highest sense of honour, integrity,

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responsibility and selfless service to the nation. We have to see that they are fully

qualified and equipped to play their part in various branches of national life in a manner

which will do honour to Pakistan.”

These desires of the Quaid have been reflected in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic

of Pakistan and relevant articles are:

The state shall endeavour, in respect of the Muslims of Pakistan:

a. to make the teachings of the Holy Quran and Islamiat compulsory and

encourage and facilitate the learning of Arabic language to secure correct and

exact printing and publishing of the Holy Quran;

b. to promote unity amongst them and the observance of Islamic moral

standards;

Provide basic necessities of life, such as food, clothing, housing, education and medical

relief for all such citizens irrespective of sex, caste, creed or race as are permanently or

temporarily unable to earn their livelihood on account of infirmity, sickness or

unemployment;

Remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum

possible period.

Enable the people of different areas, through education, training, agricultural and

industrial development and other methods, to participate fully in all the forms of national

activities including employment in the service of Pakistan;

The State shall discourage parochial, racial, tribal, sectarian and provincial prejudices

among the citizens.

Reduce disparity in the income and earnings of individuals, including persons in various

classes of the service of Pakistan.

Steps shall be taken to ensure full participation of women in all the spheres of national

life.

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The vision is to transform Pakistani nation into an integrated, cohesive entity, that can

compete and stand up to the challenges of the 21 st Century. The Policy is formulated to realize

the vision of educationally well-developed, politically united, economically prosperous, morally

sound and spiritually elevated nation.

OBJECTIVES

To make the Qur’anic principles and Islamic practices as an integral part of curricula so

that the message of the Holy Quran could be disseminated in the process of education as well as

training. To educate and train the future generation of Pakistan as true practicing Muslims who

would be able to usher in the 21 st century and the next millennium with courage, confidence,

wisdom and tolerance.

To achieve universal primary education by using formal and informal techniques to

provide second opportunity to school drop-outs by establishing basic education community

schools all over the country.

To meet the basic learning needs of a child in terms of learning tools and contents.

To expand basic education qualitatively and quantitatively by providing the maximum

opportunities to every child of free access to education. The imbalances and disparities in the

system will be removed to enhance the access with the increased number of more middle and

secondary schools.

To ensure that all the boys and girls, desirous of entering secondary education, get their

basic right through the availability of the schools.

To lay emphasis on diversification of curricula so as to transform the system from

supply-oriented to demand oriented. To attract the educated youth to world-of-work from various

educational levels is one of the policy objectives so that they may become productive and useful

citizens and contribute positively as members of the society.

To make curriculum development a continuous process; and to make arrangements for

developing a uniform system of education.

To prepare the students for the world of work, as well as pursuit of professional and

specialized higher education.

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To increase the effectiveness of the system by institutionalizing in-service training of

teachers, teacher trainers and educational administrators. To upgrade the quality of pre-service

teacher training programmes by introducing parallel programmes of longer duration at post-

secondary and post-degree levels.

To develop a viable framework for policy, planning and development of teacher

education programmes, both in-service and pre-service.

To develop opportunities for technical and vocational education in the country for

producing trained manpower, commensurate with the needs of industry and economic

development goals.

To improve the quality of technical education so as to enhance the chances of

employment of Technical and Vocational Education (TVE) graduates by moving from a static,

supply-based system to a demand-driven system.

To popularize information technology among students of all ages and prepare them for

the next century. To emphasize different roles of computer as a learning tool in the classroom

learning about computers and learning to think and work with computers and to employ

information technology in planning and monitoring of educational programmes.

To encourage private sector to take a percentage of poor students for free education.

To institutionalize the process of monitoring and evaluation from the lowest to the

highest levels. To identify indicators for different components of policy, in terms of quality and

quantity and to adopt corrective measures during the process of implementation.

To achieve excellence in different fields of higher education by introducing new

disciplines/emerging sciences in the universities, and transform selected disciplines into centres

of advanced studies, research and extension.

To upgrade the quality of higher education by bringing teaching, learning and research

process in line with international standards.

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ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION

Assessment, appraisal, or evaluation is a means of determining how far the objectives of

the curriculum have been realized. What really matters is the methodology employed for such

determination. As is now recognized, performance on the basis of content-oriented tests alone

does not provide an adequate measure of a student’s knowledge and ability to use information in

a purposeful or meaningful way; the implication, then, is that effective and rewarding techniques

should be developed for evaluating the kind and content of teaching and learning that is taking

place and for bringing about improvement in both. The following points, while developing the

tests/questions may be kept in view:

1. Proper care should be taken to prepare the objective-type and constructed-response

questions relating to knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis and synthesis,

keeping in view the specific instructional objectives of the syllabus and the command

words for the questions.

2. There should be at least two periodic/monthly tests in addition to routine class/tests.

Teachers are expected to develop and employ assessment strategies which are

dynamic in approach and diverse in design. When used in combination, they should

properly accommodate every aspect of a student’s learning.

3. In addition to the final public examination, two internal examinations should be

arranged during the academic year for each class.

4. Classroom examinations offer the best and most reliable evaluation of how well

students have mastered certain information and achieved the course objectives.

Teachers should adopt innovative teaching and assessment methodologies to prepare

the students for the revised pattern of examination. The model papers, instructional

objectives, definitions of cognitive levels and command words and other guidelines

included in this book must be kept in view during teaching and designing the test

items for internal examination.

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DEFINITION OF COGNITIVE LEVELS

Knowledge:

This requires knowing and remembering facts and figures, vocabulary and contexts, and the

ability to recall key ideas, concepts, trends, sequences, categories, etc. It can be taught and

evaluated through questions based on: who, when, where, what, list, define, describe, identify,

label, tabulate, quote, name, state, etc.

Understanding:

This requires understanding information, grasping meaning, interpreting facts, comparing,

contrasting, grouping, inferring causes/reasons, seeing patterns, organizing parts, making links,

summarizing, solving, identifying motives, finding evidence, etc. It can be taught and evaluated

through questions based on: why how, show, demonstrate, paraphrase, interpret, summarize,

explain, prove, identify the main idea/theme, predict, compare, differentiate, discuss, chart the

course/direction, report, solve, etc.

Application:

This requires using information or concepts in new situations, solving problems, organizing

information and ideas, using old ideas to create new one and generalizing from given facts,

analyzing relationships, relating knowledge from several areas, drawing conclusions, evaluating

worth, etc. It can be taught and evaluated through questions based on: distinguish, analyze, show

relationship, propose an alternative, prioritize, give reasons for, categorize, illustrate,

corroborate, compare and contrast, create, design, formulate, integrate, rearrange,

reconstruct/recreate, reorganize, predict consequences etc.

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DEFINITION OF COMMAND WORDS

The purpose of command words given below is to direct the attention of the teachers as

well as students to the specific tasks that students are expected to undertake in the course of their

subject studies. Same command words will be used in the examination questions to assess the

competence of the candidates through their responses. The definitions of command words have

also been given to facilitate the teachers in planning their lessons and classroom assessments.

Give an account of: Spell out a chronology and show in what ways the event or circumstance to be accounted for derives from or is dependent on earlier events.

Analyse: Go beyond the given information to relate and/or differentiate aspects of a situation and draw conclusions on the basis of evidence information.

Define: Provide a precise statement or meaning of words or terms to describe their nature, properties or essential qualities.

Demonstrate: Show or prove by evidence and/or argument.

Describe: Explain in words and/or diagrams (where necessary) to demonstrate knowledge of facts.

Discuss: Express views in a logical and lucid way considering all aspects of a matter under discussion and draw conclusions.

Explain: Give a clear and detailed account of related information with reasons or justification.

Give Examples/Statements: Cite specific instances or cases to demonstrate the occurrence of an event or existence of a situation or phenomenon.

Identify: Pick out, recognizing specified information from a given content, situation.

Illustrate: Give clear examples to state, clarify or synthesize a point of view.

Interpret: Clarify both the explicit meaning and the implications of given information.

List/Name: Name item-by-item, usually in one or two words, precise information such as dates, characteristics, places, names.

Locate: Determine the precise position or situation of an entity in a given context, e.g. in a map.

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Show: Indicate by writing, drawing or through graphs/charts.

State: Give a brief and factual answer with no explanation.

Suggest: Apply knowledge in a given situation to give a rational opinion.

Trace the developments of: Mention, list, name information/facts in a sequence.

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OBJECTIVES OF PRINCIPLES OF ACCOUNTING SYLLABUS

OBJECTIVES The basic objective of teaching “Principles of Accounting, is to acquaint the students with the

fundamental knowledge of the structure and process of recording, classifying and presenting the

accounting data for its application in simple and routine business activities and also to provide

them with a sound base for higher and specialized study in the subject.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES i. To equip the students with basic knowledge in the field of Accounting.

ii. To develop interest for persuing higher knowledge in the field of Accounting.

iii. To provide the trained personnel at lower level in various business and commercial

organizations.

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CONTENTS OF PRINCIPLES OF ACCOUNTING SYLLABUS

1. Definition, basic concepts, Double Entry System of Book? Deeping, its objectives and

advantages

2. Accounting Cycle: Accounting equation Journal, Ledger and Trial Balance

3. Subsidiary Book/Journals: Cash Book, Petty Cash Book, Purchases, Sales; purchases

returns; Sales Return; Bills-Receivable and Bill Payable books

4. Banking Transactions: Kinds of bank accounts and procedure of recording of banking

transactions; cheques; cheque register; bank reconciliation statement, its objectives and

preparation

5. Accounting for Bills of Exchange: Definition and procedure

6. Capital and Revenue: Meaning-Distinction between capital and revenue items; receipts

and payments, Profits and Losses, Income and Expenses

7. Rectification of Errors: Kinds of error-correction of errors after and before closing the

books of accounts, suspense account

8. Financial Statement: Trading and profit and loss account income statement and balance

sheet-form and its preparation

9. Adjustments and Closing Process: Prepaid and outstanding expenses; Accrued and

unearned income; provision for Bad Doubtful Debt; Provisions for Discount;

Depreciation, interest on capital and drawing, work sheet

LIST OF EQUIPMENT, LAB-REQUIREMENTS

Book Keeping machines, Overhead Projectors, Slide Projector, Scientific electric

calculators, Amount perforator on Cheque, Bank Draft, Business film though T.V.

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RECOMMENDED REFERENCE BOOKS

In contrast to the previous practice the examination will not be based on a single

textbook, but will now be curriculum based to support the examination reforms. Therefore, the

students and teachers are encouraged to widen their studies and teaching respectively to

competitive textbooks and other available material.

Following books are recommended for reference and supplementary reading:

1. Financial Accounting Written by: Sohail and Arif

2. Principles of Accounting Written by: M.A Ghani

3. Principles of Basics of Financial Accounting Written by: Istikhar Ahmed & Sardar M. Shafique Khan

4. Business Accounting Written by: Frank Wood

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Federal Board HSSC-I Examination Principles of Accounting Model Question Paper

Roll No: Answer Sheet No: ____________

Signature of Candidate: ___________

Signature of Invigilator: ___________

SECTION – A

Time allowed: 20 minutes Marks: 20

Note: Section-A is compulsory and comprises pages 1-5. All parts of this section are to be answered on the question paper itself. It should be completed in the first 20 minutes and handed over to the Centre Superintendent. Deleting/overwriting is not allowed. Do not use lead pencil.

Q.1 Insert the correct option i.e. A/B/C/D in the empty box opposite each part. Each part carries one mark.

i. Accounts are maintained for the purpose of

A. Keeping systematic records B. Protecting business properties C. Communicating the results and meeting legal requirements D. All of the above

ii. Which of the following is not taken into account in adjusting the cash balance?

A. Mistakes in the cash book B. Mistakes in the pass book C. Bank charges debited in the pass book D. Interest and dividends credited in the pass book

Page 1 of 5 Turn Over

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DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING HERE

iii. Trial Balance is a

A. Real account B. Nominal account C. Personal account D. None of the above

iv. The policy: “Anticipate no profit but provide for all possible losses arises from the convention of

A. Consistency B. Disclosure C. Matching D. Conservatism

v. Bank reconciliation statement is

A. A ledger account B. A part of cash book C. A separate statement D. A sub-division of the journal

vi. Drawings by the proprietor would

A. Reduce both assets and owner’s equity B. Reduce assets and increase liability C. Reduce owner’s equity and increase liability D. Increase owner’s equity and liabilities as well

Page 2 of 5 Turn Over vii. The term “Reserves” in the financial statements signifies

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A. The amount of provision for bad debts B. The amount set apart for contingent liabilities C. Profit set apart for general or specific purposes D. None of the above

viii. A Cheque received and paid into the bank on the same day is recorded in the

A. Cash column of the cash book B. Bank column of the cash book C. Both cash and bank columns of the cash book D. None of the above

ix. Which one of the following would reduce both an asset and a liability?

A. Purchase of an asset B. An asset destroyed by fire C. Repayment of bank loan D. None of the above

x. Premium received on the issue of shares is a

A. Capital receipt B. Capital profit C. Revenue receipt D. Revenue profit

xi. Which type of error is not exposed by trial balance?

A. An error of omission B. Compensating error C. Error in the principle D. All of the above

xii. Assets are shown in the balance sheet at

A. Original cost B. Unexpired cost C. Replacement cost D. None of the above


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xiii. According to the rules of debit and credit

A. Increase in assets, liabilities and owner’s equity account is recorded as debits. B. Decrease in assets and liability accounts are recorded as credits. C. Increase in assets and owner’s equity accounts are recorded as debits. D. Decrease in liability and owner’s equity accounts are recorded as debits.

xiv. An increase in the owner’s equity at the end of the accounting period is due to

A. Sales revenue B. Losses C. Miscellaneous incomes D. Profit

xv. Amount spent on an advertisement campaign the benefit of which is likely to last for three years is

A. Capital expenditure B. Deferred revenue expenditure C. Revenue expenditure D. Capitalized expenditure

xvi. Which one of the following errors is an error in the principle?

A. Debiting repairs account instead of furniture account B. Sale of Rs.200/- entered in the book as Rs.2000/- C. Cash sales of Rs.300/- wrongly entered in the sales book D. Purchase transaction wrongly entered in purchase return book

xvii. When a bill discounted is dishonored the drawer gives the credit to the

A. Bills receivable account B. Discount account C. Bank account D. Drawee’s account


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xviii. Goods worth Rs.200/- returned by one Mr. Saleem were taken into stock, but no entry was passed; it is:

A. An error of Commission B. An error in the Principle C. An error of Omission D. A Compensatory error

xix. The true form of the accounting equation is

A. Assets + Owner’s equity = Liabilities B. Liabilities + Assets = Owner’s equity C. Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s equity D. None of the above

xx. When a bill received by endorsement is dishonoured, the debit is given to the:

A. Acceptor’s account B. Payee’s account C. Endorser’s account D. Bank account

____________________

For Examiner’s use only

Q. No.1: Total Marks:

Marks Obtained:

Page 5 of 5

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Federal Board HSSC-I Examination Principles of Accounting Model Question Paper

Time allowed: 2.40 hours Total Marks: 80

Note: Sections ‘B’ and ‘C’ comprise pages 1-4 and questions therein are to be answered on the separately provided answer book. Answer all the questions from section ‘B’ and section ‘C’ however question No.16 and questions No.17 are compulsory. Use supplementary answer sheet i.e., sheet B if required. Write your answers neatly and legibly.

SECTION – B (30 marks)

Note: Attempt ALL the questions. The answer to each question should not exceed 3 to 4 lines.

Q.2 Define the term Accounting. (3)

Q.3 What is meant by entity concept of Accounting? (3)

Q.4 Why are assets always equal to liabilities and owner’s equity? (3) (OR) What do you know about the rules of debit and credit according to the American Approach? (3)

Q.5 What are the necessities of the special Journal? (3)

Q.6 State various functions of a bank. (3) (OR) How is a bank draft purchased? (3)

Q.7 Why is a suspense account opened? (3)


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Q.8 What is the purpose of compiling the cash book? (3)

Q.9 In what respect is a Cheque considered un-cleared and un-credited? (3) (OR) Why is a discounted bill of exchange a contingent liability? (3)

Q.10 What does a balance sheet explain? (3) (OR) Why is it necessary to make adjustments in financial statement? (3)

Q.11 Why is it considered essential to make a distinction between capital and revenue? (3)

SECTION – C(Marks: 50)

Note: Attempt ALL the questions.

Q.16 Following is the data relating to the business of Mr. X:

Dr CrPurchases 70000 --Sales -- 120000Return 1000 2000Wages 2500 --Cartage 2000 --Opening stock 40000 --Discount (Dr) 1500 --Bad debts 1200 --Conveyance & Traveling expenses

500 --

General expenses 700 --Sundry debtors 12000 --Cash in hand 6000 --Bills payable -- 18000Sundry creditors -- 5000Capital -- 8000Bills receivable 5000 --Plant and machinery 10600 --

153000 153000


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Additional Information: a. Write off further Bad Debts Rs.600/- and also make a provision on Sundry debtors at Rs.4%. b. Depreciate plant at 5%. c. Outstanding wages Rs.300/-. d. Interest on capital 3%. e. Prepaid general expenses Rs.200/-. f. Closing stock valued at Rs.50000/-.

Requirements: i. Show your calculation of correct gross profit for the year ended on 30 th April 2005. (3) ii. Prepare profit and loss account for the year ended on 30 th April 2005 incorporating additional information. (7) iii. Prepare the business balance sheet showing the sub-headings for fixed assets, current assets; fixed/long term liabilities and current liabilities. (5)

Q.17 Following are the transactions of Mr. Aslam’s business for the month of April 2005: a. Mr. Aslam started a leather garments business with cash of Rs.20000/- merchandise Rs.10000/- and machinery Rs.35000/-. b. Paid wages Rs.1000/- postage expense Rs.200/- and insurance expense Rs.800/-. c. Sold goods to customers for cash Rs.2000/- and on credit Rs.3000/-. d. Received cash from a customer Rs.1400/- and allowed him a discount of Rs.100/-. e. Bought goods from Mr. Ahmed for Rs.3000/- on cash payment. f. Received cash from Umar Rs.990/- discount allowed Rs.10/- in full settlement of his account Rs.1000/-. g. Paid to Mr. Arsalan Rs.980/- discount received Rs.20/- in full payment of Rs.1000/-.

Requirements: i. Show the journal of Mr. Aslam’s business transactions. (7) ii. Draw the ledger accounts on 30 th April 2005. (5) iii. Compile a trial balance, extracted from ledger accounts. (3)

Q.18 Mr. X draws bills of exchange of Rs.10000/-, Rs.12000/- and Rs.13000 on Mr. Y in anticipation of sale on 1 st January 1990. Mr. X discounted

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first bill with his banker at 5% per annum, and endorsed the 2 nd bill to a creditor Mr. Z, and he retained the 3 rd bill.

Page 3 of 4 Turn Over On the due date 3 rd bill was met, but remaining two bills were dishonoured.

Required: Draw journal entries of both the parties in the book. (10) (OR) Correct the following entries: (10) a. Machinery bought Rs.3000/- posted as purchases account. b. Cash received from Mrs. Arsalan Rs.2000/- credited to Mr. Aslam’s account. c. Purchased 2 nd hand car for Rs.150000/- for office use and spent Rs.5000/- on its overhauling, which was treated as routine repair expense account. d. Paid carriage on newly purchased furniture Rs.1000/- posted to indirect routine expense account. e. Sales book was over cost Rs.1500/-.

Q.19 State with reasons whether the following transactions are of the nature of capital or revenue expenditure: (10) a. Acquired building for business Rs.60000/- and spent Rs.5000/- for its repairs and maintenance immediately to start business. b. Spent Rs.5000/- on repair of machinery, in order to maintain it in working condition. c. Paid ordinary postage expense of Rs.500/-. d. Wages paid to workers for installation and erection of machinery Rs.2000/-. e. Cost of overhauling and maintenance of 2 nd hand truck newly purchased. (OR) Prepare bank reconciliation statement as on 31 st May 2005 of a cash book (Dr) balance Rs.45000/-. (10) a. Cheque deposited but not credited by bank Rs.6000/- b. Un-presented Cheque Rs.3000/-. c. Rs.1000/- wrongly debited in cash book. d. Dividend on shares directly credited by bank Rs.2000/- but not entered into cash book. e. Bank charges entered twice in cash book Rs.250/-. f. Post dated cheque not entered in bank statement Rs.2000/-.

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____________________

Page 4 of 4

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OBJECTIVES OF PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS SYLLABUS

OBJECTIVES The course of Economics for higher secondary Part-I, has been designed for a full one year term

carrying 75 marks. The syllabus is divided into Micro and Macro Economics. The major

objectives of the contents of the proposed syllabus is to provide necessary instructional package

for the economics principles course.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES To introduce the essential principles for an understanding of fundamental economic

problem.

To provide orderly and objective way of thinking about economic policy problems.

To develop preliminary knowledge of economic concepts for understanding of national

and international economy.

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CONTENTS OF PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS SYLLABUS

MICRO ECONOMICS

What is Economics about?

a. The nature, scope and methods of economic analysis

b. Importance of Economics

1. Demand and Supply:

a. Individual demand, aggregate or market demand, law of demand, changes in

demand, elasticity of demand, measurement of elasticity of demand

b. What is supply law of supply, supply and stock, elasticity of supply?

c. Equilibrium between demand and supply

2. Consumer Demand Theory:

Law of diminishing and marginal utility, consumer’s equilibrium (cardinal approach)

3. The Cost and Revenue of a Firm:

Classification of cost, fixed cost, variable cost, total average cost, marginal cost,

opportunity cost, total revenue, marginal and average revenue

4. Laws of Returns:

a. The law of diminishing return

b. The law of increasing return

c. The law of constant return

d. The law of costs

5. Price and Output Determination:

Pure competition, concept and occurrences, price and output determination under-perfect

competition and monopoly

6. Resource Pricing: a. Marginal productivity theory of resource demand

b. Factors of production (brief introduction)

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MACRO ECONOMICS

1. National Income

Measurement of National Income:

a. National Income at factor earning

b. National Income at Market price

c. Expenditure approach to income measurement

The flow of National Income other social accounts:

GNP = Gross National Product

NNP = Net National Product

NI = National Income

PI = Personal Income

DPI = Disposable Personal Income

2. Money

What is Money?

a. Functions of money

b. Quantity theory of money

c. Inflation, Deflation and their effects

3. Business Cycle

a. Phases of business cycle

b. Theories of business cycle

4. International Trade

Importance of world trade, International Specialization Comparative advantage, balance

of trade and balance of payment

5. Public Finance

Measuring of public finance, cannons of taxation, Zakat and Ushr

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1. Introduction to Modern Economics (Part – I & II) Written by: Dr SM Akhtar

2. Economics and Commercial Geography Written by: Gul Zaman Qazi

3. Usool-e-Muashiat Written by: Ovais Ahmad Adib

4. Ibtedai Muashiat Written by: Abdul Hameed Dar

5. Economics Written by: Khadim Hussain

6. Principles of Economics Written by: Prof Sirajuddin Qureshi

7. Usool-e-Muashiat Written by: Manzoor Ali

27

Federal Board HSSC-I Examination Principles of Economics Model Question Paper




SECTION – A




i.Income Marginal Utility (X) Marginal Utility (Y)

1 25 202 20 153 15 104 10 55 5 0

How will Mr. A maximize his total utility while having a limited income of Rs.5/-?

A. 2 of X and 3 of Y B. 3 of X and 2 of Y C. 4 of X and 1 of Y D. 5 of S and non of Y

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P



ii. The Government always charges higher prices for petroleum products due to their

A. Elastic demand B. Inelastic demand C. Perfectly elastic demand D. None of these

iii. If the price changes from Rs.10/- to Rs.15/- and demand changes from 100kg to 50kg, what will be the value of price elasticity of demand?

A. 1.9 B. 2.1 C. 1.67 D. 1.7

iv. If the price of 10gm of gold is Rs.12000/- and the price for 10gm of silver is Rs.6000/-. What will be the effect on the demand for gold if we inverse the price of gold and silver?

A. Increases B. Decreases C. Constant D. None of the above

Page 2 of 5 Turn Over v. In the figure given below SS is a

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Pric

eQS

S S

Quantity supplied

RevenuePrice Cost

MCAC

AR = P = MR

Q

R

A. Perfectly elastic supply curve B. Perfectly inelastic supply curve C. Unitary elastic supply curve D. None of these

vi. In which form of competition is there free operation of the forces of demand and supply

A. Perfect competition B. Monopolist competition C. Monopoly D. Oligopoly

vii. The graph below depicts

A. Normal profit B. Sub-normal profit C. Shut down point D. Super normal profit

Page 3 of 5 Turn Over viii. According to which theory the reward of each factor of production is determined by the efficiency they achieve

A. Demand and supply theory

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B. Marginal productivity theory C. Liquidity preference theory D. None of the above

ix. If we deduct depreciation allowances from the gross national product then the result will be

A. Gross domestic product B. Personal income C. Net national product D. Disposable personal income

x. If the Government wants to build both Kalabagh dam and Bhasha dam what would be the sources of finance for their construction?

A. Taxation B. Loan from commercial banks C. Loan from IMF and World Bank D. All of the above

xi. A customer goes to a general store and purchases a bar of soap for Rs.20/-. What type of tax/taxes has he paid in this purchase?

A. Income tax B. Direct tax C. Sales tax D. All of the above

xii. Which of the following products have a complementary demand?

A. Apples and oranges B. Crude oil and petrol C. Motorbikes and motor cars D. Video recorders and video cassettes

Page 4 of 5 Turn Over xiii. Which of the following would be regarded by an economist as real investment?

A. Building a new factory B. Buying shares on the stock exchange

31

C. Depositing money in a building society D. Depositing money in a commercial bank

xiv. Which of the following is a withdrawal from the circular flow of income?

A. Exports B. Taxation C. Consumption D. Investment

xv. When value of money falls, who gets more benefit?

A. Farmers B. Industrialists C. Lenders D. Debtors

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Marks Obtained:

Page 5 of 5

Federal Board HSSC-I Examination

32

15

Principles of Economics Model Question Paper


Note: Sections ‘B’ and ‘C’ comprise pages 1-2 and questions therein are to be answered on the separately provided answer book. Answer all the questions from section ‘B’ and attempt any two questions from section ‘C’. Use supplementary answer sheet i.e., sheet B if required. Write your answers neatly and legibly.



Q.2 Can we say that Robbin’s definition of? Gives no importance to moral values? If so; how? (4)

Q.3 Make a distinction, with the help of diagrams, between movement and shift in demand curve (2+2)

Q.4 Define consumer equilibrium. Also give the condition for consumer equilibrium. (2+2)

Q.5 What will be the shape of average cost, average variable cost, average fixed cost and marginal cost; show with the help of diagram? (1+1+1+1) (OR) With the help of a diagram show super normal profit in perfect competition. What is the condition for this? (3+1)

Q.6 Differentiate between money income and real income. What is the calculation of real national income? (3+1)

Page 1 of 2 Turn Over Q.7 Define market equilibrium. Also explain what will be the effect if prices are set above and below equilibrium level? (4) (OR)

33

What is the relationship between wage rate and supply of labour? Show with the help of diagram. (4)

Q.8 Define inflation and deflation. What was the inflation rate in Pakistan during (2005-2006)? (1.5+1.5+1)

Q.9 Differentiate between balance of trade and balance of payment. What is the present BOT situation in Pakistan; give the exact figure for this. (2+1+1) (OR) Define the psychological theory of trade cycle. (4)

Q.10 Define direct and indirect tax. Also give two examples of each. (1+1+1+1)


Note: Attempt any TWO questions. All questions carry equal marks.

Q.11 Define price elasticity of demand. What are the reasons for the calculation of price elasticity of demand? (12)

Q.12 The application of the principle of substitution extends over almost every field of economics equally. Analyse the statement with the help of schedule and diagram. (12)

Q.13 Define national income by using product approach. How can double counting create a problem when we are measuring national income by product approach? (12)

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Page 2 of 2

34

OBJECTIVES OF PRINCIPLES OF COMMERCE SYLLABUS

OBJECTIVES The course is designed to:

Integrate the syllabi of the intermediate level with the B.Com. level, consistent with the

stream of ideas developed in group discussions on the syllabi of the Commerce Group.

Provide basic knowledge and skill to the intermediate level students to become valuable

and responsible members of society.

a. to acquaint and equip the students with the latest knowledge in the field of

Commerce;

b. to prepare them for higher studies in Commerce;

c. to take a job in the trade/finance, insurance organizations and industry with basic

Commercial know-how;

d. to impart the students the basic requirements to enable them to take up Business

as a career.

35

CONTENTS OF PRINCIPLES OF COMMERCE SYLLABUS

1. Introduction

Definition of Commerce, its importance and scope. Branches of commerce, Trade,

Insurance, Finance, Marketing, Warehousing and Industry, Essentials of establishing a

business house and qualities of a good businessman

2. Types of Commercial Organizations

a. Sole Proprietorship:

Definition, Features, merits and demerits

b. Partnership:

Formation Features, Partnership Agreement/Deed Advantages, Disadvantages and

Dissolution

c. Joint Stock Company/Corporation:

Special Feature, Kinds, Formation; Memorandum of Association, Articles of

Association, Certificate of Registration, Prospectus, Certificate of

Commencement of Business, management: share holders,

Directors and Managing Director, Winding up

d. Cooperative Society:

Features, kinds, advantages and disadvantages; Basic concepts of Musharqa,

Mudarba

3. Office Organization

a. Office Rules, organization

b. Handling incoming and outgoing mail, basic postal information

c. Filing, duplicating, copying and indexing

d. Office equipments and machine

4. Trade

Kinds:

a. Home Trade:

Whole sale, Retails, Middlemen, Salesmanship and advertisement. Channel of

distribution and Chamber of Commerce

b. Purchase and Sales of Goods:

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Procedure, documents used in home trade, price list, invoice, transportation and

Railway receipts

c. Foreign Trade

Import:

Import procedure, documents used

Export:

Export procedure, documents used and role of Export Promotion Bureau

5. Commercial correspondence

i. Essentials of good business letters, writing of letter and their replies

ii. Types of letters trade and status enquiries, indents, letters of claim, collection and

donning letters

iii. Circulars – officials and semi-officials, telegram including modification,

ciphering and deciphering

6. Auxiliaries to Commerce

a. Insurance-Kinds, Advantage to Commerce

b. Transportation/Means-Air, Rail, Road and Sea

c. Warehousing-Kinds and advantages, warehouse receipts

d. Business Finance-types and importance

37







1. Principles of Commerce Written by: Muhammad Irshad Published by: Naveed Publications 63-Shahrah-e-Quaid-e-Azam, Lahore

2. Ideal Principles of Commerce Written by: Hafiz Muhammad Sharif Published by: Azeem Academy, 22-Urdu Bazar, Lahore

3. Principles of Commerce Usool-e-Tijarat Written by: Maqsood Ahmed Published by: Mukhtar Brothers Shah Din Market, Urdu Bazar, Lahore

38

Federal Board HSSC-I Examination Principles of Commerce Model Question Paper




SECTION – A




i. No company can be registered without submitting this document to the registrar

A. Memorandum of association B. Article of association C. Prospectus D. Statement in lieu of prospectus

ii. The premium paid is recoverable in

A. Life insurance B. Fire insurance C. Marine insurance D. General insurance

iii. The first meeting of the company is called

A. Statutory meeting B. Extraordinary meeting

39

C. Annual general meeting D. Annual board meeting



iv. It normally possesses a perpetual life and there are very few chances of its dissolution.

A. Partnership business B. JSC C. Cooperative society D. Sole tradership

v. The shares issued to promoters of the company are called

A. Reference shares B. Deferred shares C. Ordinary shares D. Cumulative preference shares

vi. When goods are imported from various countries with a view to re-exporting them to other countries it is called

A. Import trade B. Export trade C. Entrepot trade D. Home trade


40

vii. This document is used to inform the buyer regarding the dispatch of goods

A. Delivery note B. Advice note C. Debit note D. Credit note

viii. A vending machine is an example of

A. Large scale retailing B. Intinerant retailing C. Independent retail store D. Departmental retail stores

ix. Availability of all products to ultimate consumers is only possible through

A. Commerce B. Industry C. Home trade D. Foreign trade

x. These warehouses are found generally at ports

A. Private warehouses B. Public warehouses C. Bonded warehouses D. Cooperative warehouses

xi. This machine is used for stamping envelopes and other out-going post

A. Franking machine B. Posting machine C. Date stamp D. Addressing machine

Page 3 of 4 Turn Over xii. This document is advertised for raising capital

41

A. Prospectus B. Memorandum C. Article of association D. Statement in lieu of prospectus

xiii. He is given the possession of his goods in the distribution channel

A. A Factor B. A Broker C. A Delcreder agent D. An Auctioneer

xiv. A person who does work for another person in dealing with a third person is called the

A. Principal B. Retailer C. Whole-saler D. Agent/middleman

xv. The debentures which are repayable after a certain period are called

A. Redeemable debentures B. Irredeemable debentures C. Bearer debentures D. Mortgage debentures

____________________



Marks Obtained:

Page 4 of 4

42

15

Federal Board HSSC-I Examination Principles of Commerce Model Question Paper


Note: Sections ‘B’ and ‘C’ comprise pages 1-2 and questions therein are to be answered on the separately provided answer book. Answer all the questions from section ‘B’ and attempt any three questions from section ‘C’. Use supplementary answer sheet i.e., sheet B if required. Write your answers neatly and legibly.



Q.2 “Commerce embraces all those processes, which help to break the barriers between the producer and the consumer”. Explain the definition. (4)

Q.3 How is dissolution of a firm differentiated from dissolution of a partnership? (1 number for each point)

Q.4 In what circumstances would a company decide about alteration in its Article of Association? (4) (OR) What is the importance of the certificate of incorporation for a private limited company? (4) Q.5 Debentures are a very secure investment in companies. Why? (4) (OR) Distinguish between un-issued capital and issued capital. (4)

43

Page 1 of 2 Turn Over Q.6 What type of information is provided by the statutory report? (4)

Q.7 What is the difference between a factor and a broker? (1+1+1+1)

Q.8 Enlist the wholesalers with limited function? Who are rack jobbers? (2+2)

Q.9 What is the difference between a quotation and a tender? (2+2)

Q.10 Enlist at least 8 characteristics of a good business letter. (4) (OR) What is the importance of indexing in business correspondence? (4)


Note: Attempt any THREE questions. All questions carry equal marks.

Q.13 Explain the following shape and share his burden. (8)

Q.14 Define briefly MAO and AOA. (8)

Q.15 Modarba is a very popular form of business, explain why. (8)

Q.16 How can you secure your business risks? Explain it in your own words. (8)

Q.17 What are the basic types of business or commercial correspondence? (8) (OR) Office records are the main evidence for solving business problems, how can you keep them safe and locate easily, explain? (8)

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Page 2 of 2

45

OBJECTIVES OF BUSINESS MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS

OBJECTIVES Mathematics has been rightly called the language of modern age. The statement is much more

true from business point of view, where figures are the only things that matter. Thus acquiring a

sound background in mathematics, will enable the students to grasp and handle business

problems.

The course in Business Mathematics at the Intermediate’s level has been devised:

To equip students with the basic quantitative tools to handle information properly, to

analyze it and to report it to those who need it.

To acquaint students with such mathematical tools as might help them in gaining a

background for higher studies, particularly, in Computer based information systems.

To introduce to the students fundamentals of probability theory as the root of modern

decision sciences.

46

CONTENTS OF BUSINESS MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS

1. Business Arithmetic:

a. Ratios, Proportion and Percentage

b. Computation of Annuities

2. Functions and their Graph

3. Linear and quadratic equations, simultaneous equation

4. Binary number system and its operation

5. Matrices, Solution of Simultaneous equations through matrices

47







1. Business Mathematics Developed by: Sindh Textbook Board Published by: National Book Foundation, Islamabad

2. Business Mathematics for I. Com students Written by: Muhammad Abdullah

3. Mathematics for Business & Economics Written by: M.M. Mirza

4. Quantitative Methods Written by: Foulks Lynch (Karachi)

5. Applied Mathematics for Business, Economics & Social Sciences Written by: Frank S Budnik

6. Business Mathematics Written by: LW Stafford

7. Business Mathematics Written by: Steven C Lawlor

48

Federal Board HSSC-I Examination Business Mathematics Model Question Paper




SECTION – A




i. A college has 80 teachers of which 60 are science teachers and 20 are humanities teachers. The ratio of 3:4 represents:

A. Humanities teachers to total number of teachers B. Science teachers to humanities teachers C. Science teachers to total number of teachers D. Humanities teachers to Science teachers

ii. If Men Hours Rupees Days50 20 8000 8X 16 19200 20

Using the fundamental principles of proportion the number of men (X) in the above table is

A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 40

49



iii. A teacher’s salary in 2007 is 107.5% of her 2006 salary. If the 2006 salary was Rs.15000/- what is her 2007 salary?

A. Rs.19150/- B. Rs.18120/- C. Rs.17140/- D. Rs.16125/-

iv. Mobeen earns a commission of 15% of gross sales. The level of sales he needs to earn Rs.2340/- is

A. Rs.16500/- B. Rs.15600/- C. Rs.14200/- D. Rs.13400/-

v. Bank A offers 5.25% compounded interest quarterly, bank B offers 5.5% interest compounded semi annually and bank C offers 5.75% interest compounded annually on their saving accounts. At which bank would you earn more interest?

A. Bank C B. Bank A C. Bank B D. None of the above


50

vi. The graph of the function ax 2 + bx + c is:

A.

B.

C. D.

vii. If the discriminant of the quadratic equation is greater than zero then its roots would be:

A. Equal B. Rational C. Irrational D. Complex

viii. If there is no point of intersection and there is no pair of numbers that satisfies both of two equations, such equations are:

A. Dependent B. Consistent C. Independent D. Inconsistent

ix. Which of the given laws does not hold true for multiplication of matrices?

A. The Commutative Law B. The Associative Law C. The Distributive Law

51

D. All Laws

Page 3 of 4 Turn Over x. While converting a binary fraction 101.1, the .1 is converted to

A. 2 0 B. 2 -1 C. 2 -2 D. 2 -3

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Marks Obtained:

Page 4 of 4

52

10

Federal Board HSSC-I Examination Business Mathematics Model Question Paper


Note: Sections ‘B’ and ‘C’ comprise pages 1-4 and questions therein are to be answered on the separately provided answer book. Answer eight questions from section ‘B’ and two questions from section ‘C’. Use supplementary answer sheet i.e., sheet B if required. Write your answers neatly and legibly.


Note: Attempt any EIGHT questions. All questions carry equal marks.

Q.2 If the ratio of cars to trucks in a parking lot is 7 to 2 and there are 26 trucks, how many cars are there? (3)

Q.3 Following table shows area and population of four provinces of Pakistan (1998 census):

Province Area (Sq. Kilometer)

Population (000)

Ratio of population to Area

Baluchistan 347190 6566

NWFP 74521 17744Punjab 205345 73621Sindh 140914 30440

a. Calculate the ratio of population to area for each province and write it in your answer book. (2) b. If this ratio is called population density, which of the four provinces has the greatest population density? (1)

53

Q.4 It is known that 5 people produce 13kg of garbage in one day. Islamabad has 805000 people. How many kg of garbage is produced in Islamabad in one day? (3)

Page 1 of 4 Turn Over Q.5 This is an incomplete table. Redraw this table in your answer book. Write the appropriate figure for blanks in your book. (3)

Principle Rate Compounded Time Amount InterestRs.5000 4% Annually 10 years ? ?

? 4% Quarterly 5 years Rs.17615.20 ?

Q.6 The PTCL charges its subscribers Rs.174/- as line rent per month plus Rs.2/- per unit used. If the cost of using telephone is a function of the number of units used. Answer the following questions:

a. Copy the following table in your answer sheet and fill in the amount of telephone bill a consumer using the number of units in the top row will have to pay. (2)Number of units used 0 50 100 150 200Telephone Bill Amount

b. Write the algebric expression for this function which shows the cost C(n) for each number ‘n’ of units used. (1)

Q.7 Use the discriminant to determine the nature of solution of the following equations:

a. 3x 2 +16x = 4x +12 (2) b. -2x 2 + x = 5 (1)

Q.8 Find the points at which maximum or minimum values occur for the following functions: a. y = x 2 – x – 6 (2) b. y = x 2 + 5x + 6 (1)

Q.9 Let A = B =

Verify that A 2 - B 2 ≠ (A + B) (A – B) (3)

Q.10 Find the determinant of the following matrix and explain whether it is a singular or non singular matrix: (3)

Q.11 If 6 of the 28 students in a class did not enroll in the college merit scholarship plan, what percentage did not enroll in the plan? (3)

54

Page 2 of 4 Turn Over Q.12 Redraw the following table in your answer book and put the place value

and Binary value in the table in your answer book for a Binary number 101101 . 1101:

Place ValueBinary Value


Note: Attempt any TWO questions.

Q.13 a. ABC Corporation had a profit of Rs. 600,000 in 1981. In 1982 profits were 50 % more than in 1981. Profits in 1983 were down 35% from the level of profits in 1982. Compute the profits for each year. (4) b. In two years from now some machinery in your company will need replacing. It is estimated that Rs.500,000/- will be required for new machinery. To provide for this, Rs.X is to be allocated now, invested at 12 % compounded quarterly. What is the amount ‘X’? (4)

Q.14 a. Five identical machines produce the same parts at the same rate. The five machines complete the required number of parts in 1.8 hours. How many hours does it take 3 machines to produce the same number of parts? (4)

b. The cost and selling price of merchandise are listed in the table below. Determine the cost to selling price ratio and the cost to profit ratio. (4)

Items Cost Selling Price

Ratio of cost to selling price

Ratio of cost to profit

a. Rs.60 Rs.96 ? ?b. Rs.105 Rs.180 ? ?c. Rs.18 Rs.33 ? ?d. Rs.204 Rs.440 ? ?

55

Q.15 a. A piece of lumber 12 feet long is cut into two unequal lengths. One piece is three times as long as the other. (2) i. Find the length of the shorter piece. ii. Find length of the longer piece.

Page 3 of 4 Turn Over b. Mrs. B. invested Rs.30, 000; part at 5%, and part at 8%. The total interest on the investment was Rs.2, 100. How much did she invest at each rate? (3)

c. If A = B = C =

i. Describe the dimensions of the given matrices. (1) ii. Which of the following products are possible? (1) AB AC BA BC CA iii. Compute the matrices for the products you decided were possible. (1)

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Page 4 of 4

57

Documents

SCHEME OF STUDIES - Result.pk · Web viewii. Which of the following is not taken into account in adjusting the cash balance? A. Mistakes in the cash book B. Mistakes in the pass book