SCHEIN L. WISE Controversies in Surgery - Springer978-3-642-56777-3/1.pdf · Dedication This book is dedicated to our wives, Amal and Heidi, and our children, Dan, Julian, Nicky,

M. SCHEIN L. WISE

Controversies in Surgery

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH

MOSHE SCHEIN LESLIE WISE

Controversies in Surgery Volume 4

With 43 Figures and 23 Tables

Springer

MOSHE SCHEIN, MD, FACS, FCS (SA) Professor of Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Attending Surgeon, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, USA

LESLIE WISE, MD, FACS, FRCS (Eng) Professor of Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Chairman, Department of Surgery, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, USA

ISBN 978-3-642-62496-4

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Controversies in surgery, volume 4/[edited byJ Moshe Schein, Leslie Wise. p.; cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-3-642-62496-4 ISBN 978-3-642-56777-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-56777-3 1. Surgery. I. Schein, Moshe. II. Wise, Leslie. [DNLM: 1. Surgical Procedures, Operative. WO 500 C7639 2001J RD31.C7532001 617 - dc21 00-068783

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Dedication

This book is dedicated to our wives, Amal and Heidi, and our children, Dan, Julian, Nicky, Omri, Tania and Yariv.

Preface

"When a thing ceases to be a subject of controversy, it ceases to be a subject of interest."

WILLIAM HAZLITT (1778-1830)

This is the fourth volume in a series which we started in 1997. In 1976, Varco and Delaney edited a "surgical bestseller" entitled Controversy in Surgery. This was followed by a second volume in 1985. The immense success of these books among both surgical trainees and experienced surgeons, and their wide international appeal, supported the editors' notion that a view of controversy is integral to teaching. However, despite major advances in surgical science and practice, no other similar publication has since been put together with the objective of addressing major controversies in surgery. The aim of this series is to address such deficiency by covering the most crucial current controversies in general, vascular and trauma surgery. Since almost everything is controversial in surgery, we will be able to tackle different issues almost each year.

The editors have selected a nationally/internationally recognized authority for each topic. Most books available today are either "North American:' "British-Commonwealth" or "British-European:' contributing to the constant transatlantic rivalry. Our series specifically aims to bridge this "culture gap" and includes North American, British, European, and other authors while maintaining a cohesive structure. This will hopefully also broaden the appeal of such a book across both sides of the Atlantic and beyond.

Each author has been asked to define and briefly discuss the current major controversies in his/her respective field within the confines of a single short chapter: "You have limited space; tell us what the essential controversies are; share your insight with us!" Each contribution has then been reviewed by another expert in the specific field who provides a brief "balancing" commentary. Finally, at the end of each chapter, the editors add a comment.

This series is aimed not only at surgical trainees preparing for the American Surgical Boards, but also for those preparing for the Royal Colleges' examinations in the UK, and other higher examinations elsewhere. It will be most valuable reading before oral examinations, providing the candidates with important insight and perspective and broadening their scope of knowledge with a "user friendly" and concise text. We believe that it will also appeal to the practicing surgeon who has only a limited amount of reading time. Residents in training and the "thinking" medical student will also find this book useful and fun to read because it conveys a large amount of knowledge in a highly concentrated fashion. In addition, the book will serve as an ideal source to prepare for teaching rounds or seminars on "controversies".

New York, February 2001 MOSHE SCHEIN, LESLIE WISE

Contents

1

2

3

Surgical Publishing in the Twenty-First Century . ............... . 1

Journals . .......................................... . CLAUDE H. ORGAN JR.

Books ............................................. 3 JONATHAN L. MEAKINS

Publishing in the Internet Age THOMAS KARGER

Invited Comment - Germany ARNOUD DE KEMP

6

8

Invited Comment - USA ................................. 10 CYNTHIA J. LAITMAN, LAYTON F. RIKKERS

Invited Comment - UK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 JOHN R. FARNDON

Invited Comment - France. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ABE FINGERHUT

Editorial Comment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Malignant Melanoma . ................................. . 23

Surgical Management: The Role of Intraoperative Lymphatic Mapping and Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ........................... 23 DOUGLAS TYLER, HILLIARD SEIGLER

Nonsurgical Modalities .................................. 29 DINA LEV-CHELOUCHE, JOSEPH M. KLAUSNER

Invited Comment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 CHARLES M. BALCH


Primary Esophageal Motility Disorders ...................... . 51

Investigations and Nonoperative Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 HUBERT J. STEIN, JORG THEISEN

X Contents

Surgical Perspectives ................................... 57 ROBERT KALIMI, GARY R. GECELTER

Invited Comment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 CEDRIC G. BREMNER


4 Benign Hepatic Lesions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Investigations and Nonoperative Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 IRVING S. BENJAMIN, SANJAY GUPTA

Surgical Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 JONATHAN KOEA, YUMAN FONG

Invited Comment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 O. JAMES GARDEN


5 Cholelithiasis ....................................... . 95

Chronic Cholecystitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 SAMUEL ELDAR, IBRAHIM MATTER

Acute Cholecystitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 ULF HAGLUND, IB RASMUSSEN

Invited Comment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 DAVID FROMM

Editorial Comment 120

6 Non-Adenocarcinoma Pancreatic Tumors . .................... . 121

Endocrine Tumors ..................................... 121 MATTHIAS ROTHMUND, D. BARTSCH

Cystic Tumors ........................................ 130 CLAUDIO BASSI, MASSIMO FALCONI, PAOLO PEDERZOLI

Invited Comment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 RICHARD A. PRINZ, CONSTANTINE V. GODELLAS


7 Appendicitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Acute Appendicitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 SHAWN J. PELLETIER, TIMOTHY L. PRUETT

Contents XI

Appendiceal Mass and Abscess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 ROGER SAADIA, JEREMY LIPSCHITZ

Invited Comment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 ZYGMUNT H. KRUKOWSKI

Editorial Comment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

8 Mesenteric Ischemia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Acute Mesenteric Arterial Ischemia .......................... 167 JON S. THOMPSON, THOMAS G. LYNCH

Acute Mesenteric Venous Ischemia .......................... 174 HANNES A. RUDIGER, PIERRE-ALAIN CLAVIEN

Chronic Visceral Ischemia ................................ 180 DARREN B. SCHNEIDER, LOUIS M. MESSINA, RONALD J. STONEY

Ischemic Colitis .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 CHRISTOPHER T. SMITH, DONALD L. KAMINSKI

Invited Comment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 MICHAEL KLYACHKIN, JOHN J. RICOTTA


9 Ascites............................................. 199

Nonoperative Management ............................... 199 RAM6N BATALLER, VICENTE ARROYO

The Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Procedure . . . . . . . . . 205 GILLES POMIER-LAYRARGUES, ZIAD HASSOUN

Operative Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 DOMINIQUE FRANCO

Invited Comment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 SHEILA SHERLOCK


10 Surgical Intensive Care Unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

Ventilation Strategies in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 PHILIP S. BARIE

Hemodynamic Monitoring and Support ....................... 222 DAVID T. HARRINGTON, WILLIAM G. CIOFFI

Renal Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 BASHAR FAHOUM

XII Contents

The Gut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 CHARLES A. ADAMS JR., EDWIN A. DEITCH

Ethics in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit: Medical Futility AVERY B. NATHENS

238

Invited Comment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 LARRY M. GENTILELLO


11 Advanced Laparoscopic Surgery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251

Antireflux Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 JOAQUIN A. RODRIGUEZ, RONALD A. HINDER

Invited Comment on Laparoscopic Antireflux Surgery SANTIAGO HORGAN, LLOYD M. NYHUS

256

Thoracic Surgery ...................................... 257 TONI HAU

Invited Comment on Thoracoscopic Surgery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 MALEK MASSAD, LLOYD M. NYHUS

Laparoscopic Hernia Repair ............................... 264 PIOTR J. GORECKI

Invited Comment on Laparoscopic Hernia Repair LLOYD M. NYHUS

Spleen and Adrenal Gland EMMA J. PATTERSON, MICHEL GAGNER

Invited Comment on Advanced Laparoscopic Surgery:

274

276

Spleen and Adrenal Gland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 SANTIAGO HORGAN, LLOYD M. NYHUS

Bile Ducts .......................................... 287 ELI MAVOR, NAMIR KATKHOUDA

Invited Comment on Laparoscopic Management of Choledocholithiasis 293 SANTIAGO HORGAN, LLOYD M. NYHUS

Laparoscopic Vascular Surgery ............................. 294 YVEs-MARIE DION, CARLOS GRACIA, HASSEN BEN EL KADI

Invited Comment on Endoscopic Vascular Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 DAVID LANDAU, LLOYD M. NYHUS

Invited Rebuttal ...................................... 305 YVEs-MARIE DION, CARLOS GRACIA, HASSEN BEN EL KADI


Contents XIII

12 Vascular Trauma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

Evaluation and Nonoperative Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 JAMES W. DENNIS

Operative Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 DAVID A. SPAIN, EDDY H. CARRILLO, J. DAVID RICHARDSON

Invited Comment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 ASHER HIRSHBERG, MARTIN A. SCHREIBER


13 Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325

Investigations and Nonoperative Treatment .................... 325 I. MICHAEL LEITMAN, STEPHEN E. BURPEE

Operative Treatment ................................... 330 JONATHAN E. EFRON, STEVEN D. WEXNER

Invited Comment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339 HUNTER H. MCGUIRE JR.


14 Morbid Obesity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

Gastric Restrictive Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343 ROBERT E. BROLIN

Malabsorptive Procedures ................................ 353 NICOLA SCOPINARO, FRANCESCO PAPADIA

Invited Comment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360 WALTER J. PORIES


15 Surgical Malpractice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365

The Surgeon's Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 ERIC R. FRYKBERG

The Lawyer's Perspective. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372 SEYMOUR BOYERS, ANTHONY H. GAIR

Invited Comment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378 ROBERT E. CONDON

Editorial Comment 381

Subject Index ........................................... 385

List of Contributors

ADAMS, CHARLES A., JR., MD Surgical Resident, Department of Surgery, UMD-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA

ARROYO, VICENTE, MD Liver Unit, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain

BALCH, CHARLES M., MD, FACS Departments of Surgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA

BARIE, PHILIP S., MD, FCCM, FACS Professor of Surgery and Chief, Division of Critical Care and Trauma, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Surgical Intensive Care Unit, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, USA

BARTSCH, D., MD Department of Surgery, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany

BASSI, CLAUDIO, MD Surgical and Gastroenterological Department, Endocrine and Pancreatic Unit, University of Verona and Borgo Roma University Hospital "G. B. Rossi", Verona, Italy

BATALLER, RAM6N, MD Liver Unit, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain

BEN EL KADI, HASSEN, MD Fellow, Laparoscopic Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada

BENJAMIN, IRVING S. Professor of Surgery, Guy's, King's and st. Thomas' School of Medicine, King's College, London, UK

BOYERS, JUDGE SEYMOUR Counselor At Law, New York, USA

BREMNER, CEDRIC G., MD, FACS Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of South California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

XVI List of Contributors

BROLIN, ROBERT E., MD, FACS Professor of Surgery, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA

BURPEE, STEPHEN E., MD Chief Surgical Resident, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA

CARRILLO, EDDY H., MD, FACS Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Director, Trauma Service, University of Louisville Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA

CIOFFI, WILLIAM G., MD, FACS Professor of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Critical Care, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA

CLAVI EN, PIERRE-ALAIN, MD, PHD, FACS Professor of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

CONDON, ROBERT E., MD, MS, FACS Professor of Surgery (Emeritus), Medical College of Wisconsin, Clyde Hull, Washington, USA

DEITCH, EDWIN A., MD, FACS Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, UMD-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA

DENNIS, JAMES W., MD, FACS Associate Professor of Surgery, Chief, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Florida Health Science Center, Jacksonville, FL, USA

DION, YVEs-MARIE, MD, MSc, FACS, FRCS Associate Professor of Surgery, Laval University, Clinical Researcher, Quebec Biomaterials Institute, Quebec City, Canada

EFRON, JONATHAN E., MD Clinical Fellow, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA

ELDAR, SAMUEL, MD Associate Professor of Surgery, The Technion Institute of Technology, Chief of Surgery, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel

FAHOUM, BASHAR, MD, FACS Director of SICU, Department of Surgery, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, USA

FALCONI, MASSIMO, MD Surgical and Gastroenterological Department, Endocrine and Pancreatic Unit, University of Verona and Borgo Roma University Hospital "G. B. Rossi", Verona, Italy

List of Contributors XVII

FARNDON, JOHN R., FRCS Professor of Surgery, University of Bristol, Co-Editor British Journal of Surgery, Bristol, UK

FINGERHUT, ABE, MD, FACS Chief of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Paris, France; Clinical Professor of Surgery, University of Louisiana State Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA

FONG, YUMAN, MD, FACS Professor of Surgery, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA

FRANCO, DOMINIQUE, MD Chief, Department of Surgery, Hopital Antoine Beciere, Clamart, France

FROMM, DAVID, MD, FACS Penberthy Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, Wayne State University, University Health Center, Detroit, MI, USA

FRYKBERG, ERIC R., MD, FACS Professor of Surgery, Chief, Division General Surgery, University of Florida Health Science Center, Jacksonville, FL, USA

GAGNER, MICHEL, MD, FACS Chief, Division of Laparoscopic Surgery, Professor of Surgery, Mount Sinai University, Medical School, New York, NY, USA

GAIR, ANTHONY H. Counselor At Law, New York, NY, USA

GARDEN, O. JAMES, FRCS Regius Professor of Clinical Surgery, Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences (Surgery), Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, UK

GECELTER, GARY R., MD, FACS Chief, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, USA

GENTILELLO, LARRY M., MD, FACS Associate Professor of Surgery, Associate Director Trauma Intensive Care Unit, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

GODELLAS, CONSTANTINE V., ND Academic Program Coordinator, Department of Surgery, Rush-Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, 1653 W. Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612

GORECKI, PIOTR J., MD Attending Surgeon and Director of Advanced Laparoscopy, Department of Surgery, Nassau County Medical Center, Assistant Professor, State University of New York at Stony Brook, East Meadow, NY, USA

GRACIA, CARLOS, MD, FACS Director, California Laparoscopic Institute, San Ramon, CA, USA

XVIII List of Contributors

GUPTA, SANJAY Clinical Lecturer in Surgery, Guy's, King's and st. Thomas' School of Medicine, King's College, London, UK

HAGLUND, ULF, MD, PHD, FACS Professor and Chairman of Surgery, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden

HARRINGTON, DAVID T., MD, FACS Associate Professor of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Critical Care Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA

HASSOUN, ZIAD, MD Liver Unit, Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal (CHUM), Hopital Saint-Luc, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

HAU, TONI, MD, PHD, FACS Chief and Professor, Nordwest-Krankenhaus, Sande, Germany

HINDER, RONALD A., MD, FACS Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery. Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA

HIRSHBERG, ASHER, MD Associate Professor of Surgery, Michael DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA

HORGAN, SANTIAGO, MD, FACS Assistant Professor of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

KALIMI, ROBERT, MD Surgical Resident, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, USA

KAMINSKI, DONALD 1., MD, FACS Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA

KARGER, THOMAS, Dr. S. Karger Publishers, Basel, Switzerland

KATKHOUDA, NAMIR, MD, FACS Professor of Surgery, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Chief, Division of Emergency Non-Trauma and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, USA

DE KEMP, ARNOUD Director, Division Sales/Marketing & Corporate Development Springer-Verlag, TiergartenstraBe 17,69121 Heidelberg

KLAUSNER, JOSEPH M., MD, FACS Director, Department of Surgery B, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Professor of Surgery, Sackler Medical School, Tel Aviv, Israel

KLYACHKIN, MICHAEL, MD Vascular Fellow, Department of Surgery, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York, USA

List of Contributors XIX

KOEA, JONATHAN, MD Fellow, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA

KRUKOWSKI, ZYGMUNT H., PHD, FRCS Consultant Surgeon, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Professor of Surgery, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland

LAITMAN, CYNTHIA J., PHD Managing Editor, Annals of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

LANDAU, DAVID, MD, FACS Assistant Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

LEITMAN, MICHAEL, MD, FACS Chief, Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA; Visiting Clinical Associate Professor of Surgery, State University of New York - Health Science Center at Brooklyn, NY, USA

LEV-CHELOUCHE, DINA, MD Department of Surgery B, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel

LIPSCHITZ, JEREMY, MB, BCH, FCS(SA), FRCS(C) Assistant Professor, University of Manitoba, Section Head General Surgery Health Sciences Center and st. Boniface General Hospital, Winnipeg, Canada

LYNCH, THOMAS G., MD Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center and Omaha VAMC, Omaha, Nebraska

MASSAD, MALEK, MD, FACS Assistant Professor of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

MATTER, IBRAHIM, MD Consultant Surgeon, Department of Surgery, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel

MAVOR, ELI, MD Division of Emergency Non-Trauma and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA

MCGUIRE, HUNTER H., JR., MD, FACS Professor of Surgery (Emeritus), Medical College of Virginia, Chief of Surgical Services, VA Hospital, Richmond, VA, USA

MEAKINS, JONATHAN L., MD, FACS, FRCSC, DSc Surgeon-in Chief, McGill University Health Center, Professor and Chair of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

XX List of Contributors

MESSINA, LOUIS M., MD, FACS Professor and Chief, Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA

NATHENS, AVERY B., MD, PHD Assistant Professor of Surgery, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA

NYHUS, LLOYD M., MD, FACS Professor of Surgery Emeritus, Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, lL, USA

ORGAN, CLAUDE H., JR., MD, FACS Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Editor-Archives of Surgery, Oakland, California, USA

PAPADIA, FRANCESCO, MD Department of Surgery, University of Genoa School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy

PATTERSON, EMMA J., MD Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai University, Medical School, New York, NY, USA

PEDERZOLI, PAOLO, MD Surgical and Gastroenterological Department, Endocrine and Pancreatic Unit, University of Verona and Borgo Roma University Hospital "G. B. Rossi", Verona, Italy

PELLETIER, SHAWN J., MD Surgical Resident, University of Virginia Health Systems, Charlottesville, VA, USA

POMIER-LAYRARGUES, GILLES, MD Liver Unit, Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal (CHUM), H6pital Saint-Luc, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

PORIES, WALTER J., MD, FACS Professor of Surgery and Biochemistry, East Carolina University School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, USA

PRINZ, RICHARD A., MD, FACS The Helen Shedd Keith Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, Rush-Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, 1653 W. Congress Parkway, Chicago, lL 60612

PRUETT, TIMOTHY L., MD, FACS Director of Transplant Program, Professor of Surgery, University of Virginia Health Systems, Department of Surgery, Charlottesville, VA, USA

RASMUSSEN, IB, MD, PHD Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden

RDIGER, HANNES A., MD Research Associate, Division of General Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

List of Contributors XXI

RICHARDSON, J. DAVID, MD, FACS Professor and Vice Chairman, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA

RICOTTA, JOHN J., MD, FACS Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY, USA

RIKKERS, LAYTON F., MD, FACS Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Clinical Science Center, Madison, WI, USA; Editor in Chief of the Annals of Surgery

RODRIGUEZ, JOAQUIN A., MD Fellow, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA

ROTHMUND, MATTHIAS, MD, FACS Chief and Professor, Department of Surgery, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany

SAADIA, ROGER, MD, FRCS (ED) Professor of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Health Sciences Center and st. Boniface General Hospital, Winnipeg, Canada

SCHNEIDER, DARREN B., MD Fellow in Vascular Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA

SCHREIBER, MARTIN A., MD Michael DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA

SCOPINARO, NICOLA, MD Professor of Surgery, University of Genoa School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy

SEIGLER, HILLIARD F., MD, FACS Professor of Surgery and Immunology, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

SHERLOCK, DAME SHEILA Department of Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK

SMITH, CHRISTOPHER T., MD Fellow in Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA

SPAIN, DAVID A., MD, FACS Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Director, Surgical Critical Care, University of Louisville Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA

STEIN, HUBERT J., MD, PRIV. Doz. General and Thoracic Surgeon, Oberarzt, Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische UniversiUit Munchen, Munich, Germany

XXII List of Contributors

STONEY, RONALD J., MD, FACS Professor of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA

THEISEN, JORG, MD Resident, General Surgery, Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universitat Miinchen, Miinchen, Germany

THOMPSON, JON S., MD, FACS Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Omaha VAMC, Omaha, NE, USA

TYLER, DOUGLAS, MD, FACS Associate Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

WEXNER, STEVEN D., MD, FACS Chief of Staff, Chairman and Residency Program Director, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chairman, Division of Research and Education, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA

Documents

SCHEIN L. WISE Controversies in Surgery - Springer978-3-642-56777-3/1.pdf · Dedication This book is dedicated to our wives, Amal and Heidi, and our children, Dan, Julian, Nicky,