Schedule of - · PDF fileU.P. Pt Deen dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidylaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura-281001. CORE COMMITTEE Chief Patron Professor A.C. Varshney

Schedule of

XXII ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF

SOCIETY OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGISTS OF INDIA

AND

NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM

ON

PHYSIOLOGICAL AND NUTRI-GENOMIC INTERVENTIONS TO AUGMENT FOOD

SECURITY AND ANIMAL WELFARE

November 19-21, 2013

Date Time Event Venue

19.11.2013

8.00 am to 9.30 am Breakfast and Registration Kisan Bhawan

9.30 am to 11.30 am Inaugural Session Main Ground

11.30 am to 12.00 noon Hi Tea

12.00 noon to 2.00 pm National Symposium Kisan Bhawan

2.00 pm to 2.30 pm Lunch Kisan Bhawan

2.30 pm to 4.30 pm Session I: Climate Changes, Stress and

Bioenergetics

Kisan Bhawan

4.30 pm to 4.45 pm Session Tea Kisan Bhawan

5.00 pm to 7.00 pm National Quiz Kisan Bhawan

7.30 pm to 9.00 pm Cultural Programmes Kisan Bhawan

9.00 pm to 10.00 pm Dinner Kisan Bhawan

20.11.2013

6.00 am to 8.30 am Visit to Shri Krishna Janam Bhoomi

and Dwarikadhish Temple

8.30 am to 9.30 am Breakfast Kisan Bhawan

9.30 am to 11.00 am Session II: Cardio Vascular,

Respiratory and Renal Physiology

Lecture cum

Examination Hall

No.1

Session III: Digestive Physiology and

Nutritional interventions

Lecture cum

Examination Hall

No.2

11.00 am to 11.15 am Tea

11.15 am to 1.15 pm Session IV: Reproductive Physiology

and Interventional Techniques in

Reproduction

Lecture cum

Examination Hall

No.1

1.15 pm to 2.00 pm Lunch

2.00 pm to 5.00 pm Session V: Neurophysiology and

Endocrinology

Lecture cum

Examination Hall

No.1

Session VI: Livestock Health and

Production Physiology

Lecture cum

Examination Hall

No.2

Session VII: Poster Session I Outside

Examination Hall

4.00 pm to 4.15 pm Tea

4.15 pm to 5.45 pm Session VIII: Poultry, Fisheries and

Wildlife Physiology

Lecture cum

Examination Hall

No.1

7.30 pm Dinner Mukund Palace

21.11.2013

6.00 am Tour: Optional/on Self finance basis Taj Mahal and

Fatehpur Sikri

8.00 am to 9.00 am Breakfast

9.30 am to 10.30 am Session IX: Teaching Veterinary

Physiology

Kisan Bhawan

Session X: Poster Session II Kisan Bhawan

10.30 am to 11.30 am Session XI: Young Scientist Award

Session

Kisan Bhawan

11.30 am to 12.00 noon Tea

12.00 noon to 1.00 pm Session XII: Plenary Session Kisan Bhawan

1.00 pm to 2.00 pm Lunch Kisan Bhawan

2.00 pm to3.00 pm Valedictory Function Kisan Bhawan

XXII ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF SOCIETY OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGISTS OF INDIA

AND

NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM

ON

PHYSIOLOGICAL AND NUTRI-GENOMIC INTERVENTIONS

TO AUGMENT FOOD SECURITY AND ANIMAL WELFARE

November 19-21, 2013

ORGANISED BY

DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PHYSIOLOGY

COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND AH

U.P. Pt Deen dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidylaya

Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura-281001.

CORE COMMITTEE

Chief Patron Professor A.C. Varshney

Hon’ble Vice Chancellor

Chairman Prof. Satish K. Garg

Dean, College of Veterinary Science and AH

Organizing Secretary Dr. Sarvajeet Yadav

Prof. & Head, Veterinary Physiology

Co-Organizing Secretary Dr. Jitender Kumar

Associate Professor, Veterinary Physiology

Technical Secretary Dr. Arun K. Madan

Associate Professor Veterinary Physiology

Treasurer Dr. Brijesh Yadav

Assistant Professor, Veterinary Physiology

Office Secretary Dr. Mukul Anand

Assistant Professor, Veterinary Physiology

Member Dr. Pankaj Shukla

Dean PGS & Prof. & Head, Poultry Science

Dr. Atul Saxena

Prof. & Head, Veterinary Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Dr. R.P. Pandey

Prof. & Head, Veterinary Surgery and Radiology

Dr. Daya Shanker

Prof. & Head, Veterinary Parasitology

Dr. M.M. Farooqui

Associate Professor, Veterinary Anatomy

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

S.No. Committee Name Reference

1. Reception Committee Dr. Satish K. Garg, Dean Veterinary Faculty Chairman

Dr. Rajesh Nigam, Dean Biotechnology Member

Dr. Bharat Singh, Registrar Member

Dr. Pankaj Shukla, Dean PGS Member

Dr. Sarvajeet Yadav, OS, SAPI 2013 Member

2. Publication Committee Dr. Sarvajeet Yadav Chairman

Dr. Jitender Kumar Member

Dr. Arun K. Madan Member

Dr. Brijesh Yadav Member

Dr. Mukul Anand Member

3. Transport Committee Dr. Daya Shanker Chairman

Dr. Vinod Member

Dr. Dilip Swain Member

Dr. Prabhaker Member

Dr S P Singh Member

Dr. R. K. Yadav Member

Dr. Neeraj Gangawar Member

4. Accommodation

Committee

Dr. Pankaj Shukla Chairman

Dr. S. K. Mishra Member

Dr. Vijai Pandey Member Dr. Dilip Swain Member Dr. Rajnish Sirohi Member Dr. Deep Narayan Singh Member Dr. Yajuvendra Singh Member Sh. Tej Pratap Member 5. Registration Committee Dr. Ajay Prakash Chairman

Dr. Archana Pathak Member

Dr. Varsha Guota Member

Dr. Prabhaker Member

Dr. Shanker Singh Member

6. Food Committee Dr. Atul Saxena Chairman

Dr. Ram Sagar Member

Dr. Anuj Kumar Member

Dr. Vivek Mallik Member

7. Cultural Programme Dr. Jitender Kumar Chairman

Dr. Rashmi Singh Member

Dr. Meena Goswami Member

8. Stage Decoration and

Inaugural Function

Dr. M.M. Farooqui Chairman

Dr. Rakesh Goel Member

Dr. Madhu Tiwari Member

Dr.Ruchi Tiwari Member

9. Scientific and Technical

Session

Dr. R.P.Pandey Chairman

Dr. Archana Pathak Member

Dr. Gulshan Member

Dr.Vikrant Sudan Member

10 Purchase Committee

As approved by Hon’ble

Vice Chancellor

Dr Sarvajeet Yadav Chairman

Dr. M.M. Farooqui, SPO Member

Dr Jitender Kumar Member

Dr Brijesh Yadav Member

FO Nominee Member

11 Press and invitation

committee

Dr Sanjeev Kumar Singh Chairman

Dr Mukul Anand Member

Dr Amit Verma Member

Dr Amit Jaisawal Member

Dr Devashees Roy Member

Sh. Rajnesh Yadav Member

12 Estate Management

committee

Shri Dube (JE, Civil) Chairman

Shri J. N. Pal (PTI) Member

Shri S P Azad (JE, Elecrical) Member

Shri Shan Muhammad Electrician

Shri Chanda Meth

13 VIP visit and Excursion Dr. Mukul Anand Chairman

Sh. Ajay Telang Member

Sh. Ishwar Chand Member

i

DUVASU, MATHURA SAPI 2013

CONTENTS

SESSION – 1

CLIMATE CHANGE, STRESS AND BIOENERGETICS

CCSB-01 Growth, physiological and blood profile of male Purnathadi Buffalo calves in

summer

Dhenge S. A., Kuralkar Prajkta and Nagre S.M.

1

CCSB-02 In vitro effect of radiofrequency on HSP70 gene expression of birds

Das P. K., Jana C., Thulasiraman P., Ghosh P. R., Joardar S. N., Pandiyan G.

D. V., Mukherjee J., Maity S. and Sanyal S.

1-2

CCSB-03 Effect of heat stress on regulation of BAX, BCL-2 and Caspase-3 mRNAs in

PBMC of Transition Karan Fries cows.

Somal Anjali and Aggarwal Anjali

2

CCSB-04 Effect of seasonal variation on post-thaw sperm kinematics of Murrah buffalo

breeding bulls

Nitharwal K., Singh P., Kumar P., Kumar A., Gupta A.K. and Bhakat M.

2-3

CCSB-05 Studies on interrelationship between temperature humidity index and

physiological parameters in growing swamp Buffalo calves

Saikia T.K., Goswami J., Sarmah B.C., Sarmah B.K., Biswas R.K., Das G.C.,

Borah R.S.

3

CCSB-06 Expression profile of HSP70 gene during different seasons in Tarai buffaloes

Manjari P., Rastogi S.K., Huozha R., Kumar Sudhir, Uniyal S. and Gupta Anil

4

CCSB-07 Effect of cooling during heat stress on blood gas and acid-base balance in late

gestation period of Murrah buffaloes

Aarif Ovais, Aggarwal Anjali and Uphadya R C

4

CCSB-08 Behavioural and chemical changes produced due to stress associated with

weaning in calf

Rai M, Rai R, Dalai N & Shekhar S

5

CCSB-09 Expression of genes related to skin colour and their relationship with the

physiological responses and cortisol hormone in Tharparkar cattle during

summer and winter season

Maibam Uttarani, Singh S.V., Upadhyay R.C., Hooda O.K., Beenam and

Kumar Suresh

5-6

CCSB-10 Blood biochemical response of Alpine X Beetal kids to thermal and exercise

stress

Hooda O. K., Singh S. V. and Upadhyay R. C.

6

CCSB-11 Biochemical and hormonal acclimation to severe thermal stress in crossbred

cattle

Yadav Brijesh and Singh Gynendra

6-7

CCSB-12 Effect of chromium propionate supplementation on thermal stress alleviation in

Sahiwal calves

Kumar Suresh, Singh S.V., Upadhyay R.C., Hooda O.K., Singh A.K., Maibam

Uttarani, Chaudhari Bijay Kumar and Baliyan Beenam

7

CCSB-13 Evaluation of body antioxidant indices and their relationship with different

phenotypic traits of three different breeds of goats (Capra hircus) at high

altitude

Kumar Prabhat, Bharti Vijay K., Charan Guru, Kumar K., Ballewar V.R.,

Srivastava R. B.

8

CCSB-14 Effect of thermal stress on some enzyme activities in Beetal and Toggenberg

goats

Kour Sumeet, Devi J., Kour K. and Chakravorty D.

8-9

ii


CCSB-15 Sahiwal cows during hot dry and hot humid environments: Changes in

physiohematological and hormonal parameter in lactating

Pandey A.K., Khan J.R. and Chandrakar Khushboo

9

CCSB-16 Study on diaphoretic rate vis-a-vis body condition score in Surti buffaloes

during hot and humid climate

Singh Virendra Kumar, Chaudhary Sandhya S., Puri Gopal, Sharma A.K.,

Siddique R.A., Patel M.D. and Singh Rana Ranjeet

10

CCSB-17 Variation in hematological and biochemical parameters vis-a-vis season in

Surti buffaloes

Chaudhary Sandhya S., Singh V.K., Siddique R.A., Sharma Arun, Puri Gopal,

Patel M.D., Upadhayay R.C. and Odedara Arjun

10-11

CCSB-18 Effect of seasons on the blood physiology of cross-bred cattle in Kashmir

Iqbal Saleem

11

CCSB-19 Influence of season on oxidative status of Bhadawari buffalo semen and their

correlation with seminal plasma proteins

Sharma Lokesh, Pandey Vijay, Nigam Rajesh, Singh Pawanjit, Saxena Atul,

and Swain Dilip

11-12

CCSB-20 Influence of highland alpine pasture migration on growth and production

performances of crossbred growing lambs

Saha S. and Phogat J. B.

12

SESSION – 2

CARDIO-VASCULAR, RESPIRATORY AND RENAL PHYSIOLOGY

CRRP-01 Deciphering the electrocardiogram of healthy Ganjam goats of India

Mohapatra S., Das D., Pradhan R.R., Panda D., Panda B.S.K., Priyadarsini

L., Mahapatra A.P.K. and Kundu A.K.

13

CRRP-02 Comparative effects of Propofol and Xyalzine-ketamine anaesthesia on

cardiovascular and respiratory system in Goats

Yadav Mrigakshi, Rastogi S.K., Huozha R., Manjari P., Das A. K. and Kumar

Sudhir

13-14

CRRP-03 A study on evaluation of certain excretory metabolites in blood serum and

urine of cows and buffaloes

Kakde S. P., Korde J. P., Jagtap D. G., Bahiram K. B. and Lad P. N.

14

CCSB-04 Diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation in a dog

Mohapatra Swagat, Mahapatra A.P.K., Das D., Pradhan R.R., Swain P.S. and

Kundu A.K.

14-15

SESSION – 3

DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY AND NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTION

DPNI-01 Effect of supplementing Mentha piperata and Emblica officinalis on growth

performance of beetal kids.

Poonia J.S, Madan Jyotsana, Sindhu Sonia and Gupta Meenakshi

17

DPNI-02 Effect of bypass fat supplementation on blood biochemical responses in heat

stressed goats

Sharma Shikha, Jindal R. and Nayyar S.

17

DPNI-03 Effect of supplementing rumen-protected lysine and Methionine on blood in

biochemical’s growing Hariana heifers

Singh Jai Kumar, Roy Debashis, Kumar Vinod and Kumar Muneendra

17-18

DPNI-04 Effect of different rearing systems and supplementation on total protein and

serum albumin of Mecheri lambs

Muralidharan J. and Saravanakumar V. Ramesh

18

DPNI-05 Effect of dietary mineral supplementation on growth, nutrient utilization and

plasma mineral profile in growing Hariana heifers

Gupta Vivek Prasad, Kumar Vinod, Roy Debashis, Prakash Atul and Kumar

Muneendra

19

iii


DPNI-06 Postpartum physiological adaptation in hormones, metabolites and milk

production in crossbred cows fed with prilled fat

Rajesh G, Singh Mahendra, Sehgal J.P., Roy A.K., Pandita Sujata and Singh

Sukhjinderjeet

19-20

DPNI-07 Effect of neem oil (as immunomodulator) in the diet of buffalo calves to

reduce their neonatal mortality

Jain Anand Kumar, Singh H. S. and Quadri M. A.

20

DPNI-08 The effects of dietary antibiotic and Coriandrum sativum seed powder

supplementation on immunity, intestine length and organoleptic analysis of

meat in broilers

Chandrakar Khushboo, Mishra O.P., Khan J.R. and Pandey Arvind

20-21

DPNI-09 Addition of protected fat on rumen fermentation in Mecheri lambs

Selvaraj P., Jayachandran S., Visha P. and Nanjappan K.

21

DPNI-10 Improved performance and small intestinal development of broiler chickens by

oral putrescine and L-glutamine supplementation

Devipriya K., Selvaraj P., Nanjappan K. and Eswari S.

22

DPNI-11 Metabolic heat production and energy exchange in Murrah heifers during

summer and winter

Praveer S.D., Devi Rajni, Singh A.K. and Upadhyay R.C.

22-23

DPNI-12 Effect of combination of live yeast, yeast metabolites, surfactant and buffering

agent on the performance of lactating cows

Joshi K.N., Patil M.B., Ramteke B.N., Gadegaonkar G.M. and Karambele N.R.

23

DPNI-13 Comparative efficacy of supplementation of organic manganese on production

performance of broiler chicken

Chatterjee P.N., Biswas P., Pakhira M., Pal K. and Pal Aruna

23-24

DPNI-14 Effect of area specific mineral mixture supplementation on mineral profile of

anoestrus and prolonged post partum anoestrus crossbred cows

Jana Sonali, Verma M. S., Sharma K. B., Wadhwa D. and Kumar R.

24-25

DPNI-15 In-vitro methane production of protein supplements (Brassica juncea, Linum

usitatissimum, Araches hypoges, Glycine max, Gossypium herbaceum,

Cyamopsis teteragonoloba and Sesbania sesban) used in goat feeding

Tripathi M.K., Gupta Bhawna, Tripathi Prabhat, Chaudhary U.B. and Kumar

Ravindra

25

DPNI-16 Methane production of potential of wheat Straw (Triticum aestivum) based

feeding system with whole goat rumen flora in-vitro.

Tripathi M. K., Tripathi Prabhat, Gupta Bhawna, Chaudhary U.B. and Kumar

Ravindra

26

DPNI-17 Nutritional manipulation in ram lambs and its impact on growth performance

under temperate climate of Himachal Pradesh


26-27

SESSION – 4

REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY AND INTERVENTIONAL

TECHNIQUE IN REPRODUCTION

RIRT-01 In-Vitro fertility tests in Murrah Buffalo bulls

Shivahre P. R., Gupta A. K., Panmei A., Yadav B. R., Bhakat M., Mohanty T.

K., Kumaresan A., Chakravarty A. K., Rajak S., Kumar S. and Kumar A.

29

RIRT-02 Growth factors in caprine oocyte maturation In Vitro

Pavana Shree U. S., Nandi S., Gupta P. S. P. , Girish Kumar V. and

Chandrsekara Murthy V.

29-30

RIRT-03 Effect of season on quality of Mithun (Bos frontalis) semen

Baruah K. K., Mondal M., Dhali A., Bora B. and Rajkhowa C.

30

iv


RIRT-04 Effect of growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) and basic-fibroblast growth

factor (bFGF) on in vitro fertilization and subsequent development of goat

oocytes

Gupta P. S. P., Nandi S., Pavana Shree U. S., Dhali A. and Girish Kumar V.

30-31

RIRT-05 Conception rate in crossbred cows following ovsynch and double PGF2α

protocol

Shakkarpude Jyotsana, Jain Archana, Dixit N. K. and Shrivastava P. N.

31

RIRT-06 Effect of different progesterone preparations on plasma progesterone and

estadiol profile in postpartum anestrus buffaloes

Jayachandran S., Visha P., Selvaraj P., Nanjappan K. and Thavasiappan V.

32

RIRT-07 Effects of Tinospora cordifolia supplementation on semen quality and

hormonal profile in rams

Jayaganthan P., Perumal P., Balamurugan T.C., Verma R.P., Singh L.P.,

Pattanaik A.K. and Kataria Meena

33

RIRT-08 Maturation timing and fetal bovine serum concentration for developmental

potential of sheep oocytes in vitro

Mishra Ashish, Gupta P. S. P., Sejian V., Reddy I. J. and Ravindra J. P.

33-34

RIRT-09 Study on impact of different hormonal protocols used for induction of estrus

and fertility in buffaloes under field conditions in Haryana

Vikash, Virmani Meenakshi, Malik R.K. and Bamel P.S.

34

RIRT-10 Development of soy based extender with optimum osmolality to improve

semen quality in Murrah bulls

Bishist R., Raina V.S., Bhakat M., Gupta A.K., Mohanty T.K. and Rao T.K.S.

34-35

RIRT-11 Optimization of Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid concentration in Buck

semen dilutor

Gangwar Chetna, Ranjan R., Kharche S. D., Kumar Satish, Goel A. K.,

Ramachandran N., Jindal S. K. and Agrawal S. K.

35

RIRT-12 Enrichment of spermatogonial stem cells by using magnate assisted cell sorting

and CD9 cell surface marker

Kumar Mahesh, Mandal DK, Tyagi S, Mathur AK, Sharma Ankur and Verma

Jitendra

35-36

RIRT-13 Seed germination inhibition test for pregnancy detection in Amrit Mahal cows

Kiran M. and Narayana Swamy M.

36

RIRT-14 Influence of nuclear stage of oocyte during vitrification on the in vitro

maturation of caprine oocytes

Vinayaki M. Sundara, Majumdar A.C. and Sharma G. Taru

37

RIRT-15 Steroid and metabolic hormonal profile of porcine follicular fluid

Borah S., Naskar S., Sarmah B.C., Goswami J., Thomas R., Vashi Y., Dhara S.

K.

37-38

RIRT-16 Expression profile of H19, Igf2r, Igf2 and Nnat gene during preimplantation

development in Capra hircus

Ranjan R., Singh Renu, Kumar Kuldeep, Kharche S. D., Jindal S.K., Gangwar

Chetna, Sarkar M., Das B. C., Bag Sadhan and Agrawal S. K.

38

RIRT-17 Effect of exogenous GnRH and PGF2α on postpartum estrus activity of

Jaffrabadi buffaloes

Ahlawat A.R., Vataliya P.H., Ghodasara S.N., and Murthy K.S.

38-39

RIRT-18 Effect of sericin on freezability of buffalo spermatozoa

Kumar Pradeep, Singh Pawan, Kumar D. and Sikka P.

39

RIRT-19 Effect of recombinant leukemia inhibitory factor on in vitro maturation of

buffalo oocytes evaluated by the subsequent development of embryos

Eswari S. and Sharma G. Taru

40

RIRT-20 A study to evaluate effect of high and low egg yolk concentration on

capacitation like changes in cryopreserved goat semen

Baghel G., Yadav S., Kumar J., Yadav B., Anand M. and Madan A. K.

40-41

v


RIRT-21 Capacitation like changes in Barbari buck semen subjected to cryopreservation

Baghel G., Yadav S., Madan A. K., Anand M., Kumar J. and Yadav B.

41

RIRT-22 Effect of Vitamin E, Vitamin C and their combination on plasma membrane

integrity of spermatozoa during cryopreservation.

Kumar P., Madan A. K., Kumar J., Yadav B., Anand M. and Yadav S.

42

RIRT-23 Role of Vitamin E, Vitamin C and their combination as antioxidant to maintain

acrosomal integrity in cryopreserved semen.

Kumar P., Madan A. K., Yadav B., Anand M., Yadav S. and Kumar J.

42-43

RIRT-24 Segment specific characterization of epididymal sperms of bucks

Swornkar P., Kumar J., Swain D.K. and S. Yadav

43

SESSION – 5

NEUROPHYSIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY

NEP-01 SNP detection in Growth hormone gene and its association with male

reproduction in Indian crossbred cattle

Pal Aruna and Chatterjee P.N.

45

NEP-02 Hormone profile, blood metabolites during pregnancy and periparturient period

in Alpine X Beetal crossbred goats

Khan J. R. and Ludri R. S.

45-46

NEP-03 Correlation between hormones, blood metabolites, and hematological

parameters during pregnancy in Alpine X Beetal crossbred goats.


46-47

NEP-04 Effect of reduced dietary energy level on endocrine parameters and seminal

quality of native buck

Samad Hari Abdul, Maurya V. P., Singh Manav and Latheef Shyma K.

47

NEP-05 Studies on thyroid hormones and some biochemical constituents of follicular

fluid in buffalo

Rampure D.N., Dalvi S.H. and Malpani B. L.

48

NEP-06 Effect of mist and fan on the role of sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system in

Murrah buffaloes during summer season

Chaudhari Bijay Kumar and Singh Mahendra

48-49

NEP-07 Effect of temperature on stress biomarkers in plasma and milk in Murrah

buffaloes during hot dry season


49

NEP-08 Reproductive hormone responses to exogenous GnRH in Karan Fries bull

calves

Bharath Kumar B.S. and Pandita Sujata

50

NEP-09 Effect of temperature variation on estrogen and progesterone concentration

during different stages of gestation in Chhotanagpuri Ewes

Verma R.K and Ishwar A.K.

50-51

NEP-10 Effect of micronutrients supplementation on leptin hormone in cross-bred

cattle around parturition

Maurya Pankaj Kumar, Aggarwal Anjali and Malhotra Priyanka

51

NEP-11 Effect of extended duration thermal stress on hormones and semen quality of

native bucks (Capra hircus)

Singh Manav, Maurya V.P., Mamta, Prasad J.K. and Yadav Brijesh

52

NEP-12 Comparative molecular genotyping of growth hormone in Surti and Mehsana

buffaloes

Janmeda Mamta and Vataliya P.H.

52-53

NEP-13 Stimulatory effect of LH, IGF-1 and EGF on VEGF production in cultured

bubaline luteal cells

Chouhan V.S., S Dangi.S., Babitha V.,

Singh G. and Sarkar M.

53

NEP-14 Expression of mRNA encoding Growth Differentiation Factor-9 (GDF9) and

Bone Morphogenetic Protein-15 (BMP15) in follicular cells of buffalo ovary

Muralidharan K., Eswari S., Vijayarani K and Gomathy V.S.

53-54

vi


NEP-15 Electrophoretic profile of goat’s pineal gland

Pathak Arti, Kumar Jitender, Misra Vaibhav and Agrawal M.P.

54

NEP-16 Intravenous infusion induced SEF 90 enhancement in goats

Madan A. K., Korde J. P. and Rastogi S. K.

54-55

SESSION – 6

LIVESTOCK HEALTH AND PRODUCTION PHYSIOLOGY

LHPP-01 Relation of leptin, insulin and glucose during late gestation and early lactation

in murrah buffalo

Nagre S. M., Kuralkar Prajakta, Dhenge S.A. and Kuralkar S.V.

57

LHPP-02 Evaluation of udder health in relation to enzymatic changes in milk of non-

descript sheep of Buldhana district

Paithane S.S. and Khodke M.V.

57

LHPP-03 Relation between antioxidant status and postpartum anestrous (PPA) condition

in Murrah buffalo

Kumar Rajesh, Gupta Meenakshi, Rose Manoj Kumar, Ghosh Mayukh and

Singh Inderjeet

58

LHPP-04 Effect of mineral mixture on growth performance of growing pigs

Dalai N., Shekhar S., Mohabe L., Mohabe P., Rai M., Praveen P. K. and Rai R.

58

LHPP-05 Metabolic profile and antioxidative parameters in clinical cases of

diaphragmatic hernia in buffaloes

Madan Jyotsana, Gupta Meenakshi and Kumar Rajesh

59

LHPP-06 In vitro phagocytic activity of blood and milk neutrophils isolated from

primiparous and multiparous Karan Fries (Holstein x Tharparkar) cows

throughout the production cycle

Dang A.K. and Mukherjee Joydip

59-60

LHPP-07 Efficacy of iron nanoparticles on hematological parameters in piglets

Nalinarani P., Jayachandran S., Selvaraj P. and Ramesh V.

60

LHPP-08 Comparative effects of propofol and xyalzine-ketamine anaesthesia on

hematological, biochemical and clinical parameters in goats

Yadav Mrigakshi, Rastogi S.K., Huozha R., Manjari P., Das A. K. and Kumar

Sudhir

60-61

LHPP-09 Proteomic analysis of acute phase proteins during animal disease

Rai M., Rai R., Dalai N. and Shekhar S.

61

LHPP-10 Effects of anti-apoptotic factors in cryopreservation of buffalo Wharton’s jelly

derived stem cells

Sreekumar.T.R, Ansari Mohd. Matin and Chandra Vikash

61-62

LHPP-11 Evaluation of biological and economic efficiency of local and crossbred pigs of

Assam on probiotic feeding

Baruah Anubha, Baruah K. K., Sarmah B.C., Roychowdhury R. and Sarma R.

K.

62

LHPP-12 Effect of migration to highland alpine pasture on growth and production

performances of crossbred sheep


63

LHPP-13 Seasonal variations in the milk composition and somatic cell count at different

lactation stages of Tarai buffaloes

Begum Rizwana, Huozha R., Rastogi S. K., Kumar Om and Singh Praneeta

63-64

LHPP-14 Variations of energy biochemical metabolites in periparturient Barbari goats

Sharma Nitika, Kumar Ashok, Kumar Ravindra, Shivasharanappa N., Mishra

A.K., Chaturvedi Vinay and Pawaiya R.V.S.

64

LHPP-15 Formation of NET, apoptosis andexpression of surface adhesion molecules and

Toll like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2 and TLR4) in neutrophils of mastitic cows.

Swain D.K., Kushwah M.S., Bhatt I., Kaur M. and Dang A.K.

64-65

LHPP-16 Haematobiochemical indices in peri-parturient goats

Sharma Nitika, Kumar Ashok, Kumar Ravindra, Mishra A.K, Chaturvedi

Vinay, Shivasharanappa N. and Singh M. K.

65

vii


SESSION – 7

POSTER SESSION – I

Post-01 In-Vitro fertility assessment in Karan Fries bulls

Panmei A., Gupta A.K., Shivahre P. R., Yadav B. R., Bhakat M., Rajak S.,

Thakur K., Mohanty T. K.. Kumaresan A., Kumar S., Kumar A. and Singh P.

67

Post-02 Blood metabolic profile during late gestation and early lactation in Murrah

Buffalo


67-68

Post-03 Comparison of haematological and biochemical profile in cattle affected with

parturient paresis to that of normal cattle

Dalai N., Shekhar S., Dewangan B. K., Praveen P. K., Mohabe L., and Mohabe

P.

68

Post-04 Mineral status affect the postpartum cyclicity in Murrah buffaloes

Kumar Rajesh, Gupta Meenakshi, Rose Manoj Kumar, Ghosh Mayukh and

Singh Inderjeet

68

Post-05 Effect of supplemental chromium on serum cortisol concentration and growth

weight in Sirohi goat kids

Sangekar S.V., Ingole S. D., Salve R. R., Nagvekar A. S. and Bharucha S. V.

69

Post-06 Effect of Chromium on lactation performance and cortisol concentration in

Buffaloes

Desai J. G., Ingole S. D., Bharucha S. V., Nagvekar A. S. and Salve R. R.

69-70

Post-07 Optimisation of Caprine hepatocyte cell culture

Phad Ashok Vyankati and Anand Laxmi

70

Post-08 Blood biochemical status in cyclic and postpartum anestrus buffaloes

Jayachandran S., Selvaraj P., Visha P., Nanjappan K. and Thavasiappan V.

70-71

Post-09 Plasma vitamin E, total carotenoids and fatty acids profile in cyclic and

postpartum anestrus buffaloes

Jayachandran S., Visha P., Selvaraj P. and Nanjappan K.

71

Post-10 Effect of mastitis on haematological parameters in cattle

Dalai N., Shekhar S., Mohabe L., Mohabe P., Praveen P. K., Dewangan B. K.

and Rai R.

72

Post-11 Effect of Foot and Mouth disease vaccination on antioxidants of Mithun (Bos

frontalis) semen

Perumal P., Vupru K., Khate K., and Rajkhowa C.

72

Post-12 Effect of addition of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) juice on the liquid

storage (5oC) of Mithun (Bos frontalis) semen


72-73

Post-13 Prolactin mRNA profiles in normal and siRNA transfected anterior pituicytes

in domestic hen.

Reddy I. J., Mishra Ashish and Mondal S.

73

Post-14 Performance of Indian sheep under different housing system during summer

season

Singh D. N., Wadhwani K. N. and Patel A. M.

74

Post-15 Haematological profile of Tarai buffaloes during different seasons

Manjari P., Rastogi S.K., Huozha R., Kumar Sudhir and Yadav Mrigakshi

74

Post-16 Effect of cooling during heat stress on physiological responces in late gestation

period of Murrah buffaloes

Aarif Ovais, Aggarwal Anjali and Upadhyay R. C.

75

Post-17 Expected correlated response in first lactation fertility traits due to selection based on

first lactation 305 day milk yield in Karan Fries (Holstein Friesian crossbred) cows

Dash S. K., Gupta A. K., Manoj M., Bhakat M. K., Singh Avtar, Mohanty T.K.,

and Chakravarty A. K

75

Post-18 Semen quality assessment in Tharparkar bulls

Panmei A.., Gupta A.K., Shivahre P.R., Bhakat M., Singh P. and Chakravarty

A.K.

76

viii


Post-19 Evaluation of serum micro mineral concentration in cyclic and acyclic Murrah

buffalo

Dalai N., Shekhar S., Dewangan B. K., Rai R., Mohabe L., Mohabe P. and Rai M.

76

Post-20 Estimation of haematological changes in Dogs affected with hemorrhagic

gastroenteritis

Dalai N., Shekhar S., Dewangan B. K., Rai R., Rai M. and Yadav R. S.

77

Post-21 Haematological changes in bitch affected with pyometra

Dalai N., Shekhar S., Dewangan B. K., Yadav R. S., Rai R. and Rai M.

77

Post-22 Effect of supplementing rumen-protected lysine and methionine on growth

performance and nutrient utilization in growing Hariana heifers


77-78

Post-23 Physiological responses and heat dissipation capacity of different body parts

during thermal stress in crossbred cattle


78

Post-24 Effect of parity, period and season of calving in production and reproduction

traits in Deoni cattle

Basak S., Das D.N., Jeyakumar S. and Soumya N. P.

79

Post-25 Serum calcium and phosphorus levels of Mecheri lambs under two rearing

systems and supplementation


79-80

Post-26 Methiorep-a herbal alternative to synthetic DL-methionine for poultry layer

birds

Kumari Kiran, Tiwari S. P., Ravikanth K. and Thakur A.

80

Post-27 Efficacy of zinc in prevention of piglet diarrhea

Deka Ilakshy, Goswami J., Saikia A., Kalita D. and Sarmah B.C.

80-81

Post-28 Semen quality of roosters developed through In ovo thermal treatment

Shanmugam M., Vinoth A., K. Rajaravindra S. and Rajkumar U.

81

Post-29 PCR-RFLP and sequencing of 12S rRNA gene of Cattle, Buffalo and Yak

Saikia D. P., Kalita D.J., Borah P., Zaman G.U., Sarma S., Barman N.N. and

Dutta R.

82

Post-30 Studies on physiological, hematological and biochemical parameters in

working Hallikar bullocks

Sudhakar M. L., Narayana Swamy M., Veena T., Yathiraj S., Jayashankar M.

R. and Honnappa T. G.

82-83

Post-31 Effect of liquid nitrogen levels during storage of cryopreserved (frozen) semen

of Bhadawari buffalo bulls

Mishra Sanjay K., Singh Vijay and Saxena Atul

83

Post-32 Association of conception rate with physico-chemical properties of cervical

mucus in Hariana and Sahiwal cows


83-84

Post-33 Antihyperglycemic effect of aqueous leaves extracts of Costus pictus, Solanum

nigrum and their combination in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Ranjitha V. H., Narayana Swamy M., Veena T., Krishnaswamy A.,

Satyanarayana M. L. and Upendra H. A.

84

Post-34 Ovarian antral follicular dynamics and biochemical profile of ovarian follicular

fluid in non-descript goats of Karnataka

Tungal Seema S., Swamy Narayana M., Veena T., Honnappa T. G. and

Bhaskaran R.

84-85

Post-35 Haematological profile of Gaolao heifers

Kapale P.M., Jagtap D.G. and Badukale D.M.

85

Post-36 Management of heat stress in organised broiler farms of Tirunelveli district,

Tamilnadu

Ramakrishnan V., Rajathi S. and Vinayaki M. Sundara

86

ix


Post-37 Effect of vitrification on the morphological status of post –thawed goat

oocytes

Vinayaki M. Sundara, Majumdar A.C., Sharma G. Taru and Ramakrishnan V.

86-87

Post-38 Effect of non-hormonal treatments on postpartum true anoestrus crossbred

dairy cows

Bora Bhaskar, Perumal P., Bonia K. K., Khan M. H. and Biswas R. K.

87

Post-39 Haematological status in Jersey x Sahiwal repeat breeder cows

Kekan P. M. and Shirbhate R. N.

87-88

Post-40 Erythrocytic indices and leukocyte profile in Jersey x Sahiwal repeat breeder

cows


88

Post-41 Haematological studies in relation to age and sex in Deoni cattle

Deshpande S. D. and Sawant M. K.

88-89

Post-42 Assessment of mineral profile relationship of animals, soil, feeds and fodder in

the districts of Marathwada (MS) for improvement of livestock production

potential.

Deshpande S.D., S.M Wankhede Salve P.B., Koranne P.S. and Kanchi S.

89-90

Post-43 Serum enzymes and total proteins during pregnancy and lactation Red

Kandhari cows

Farkande S.D. and Deshpande S.D.

90

Post-44 Effect of Fenvalerate, Methyl Parathion and Biocholine on serum biochemical

attributes in commercial broilers

Kumar S., Shukla P.K. and Bhattacharyya A.

91

Post-45 Effect of maternal dietary manipulation and in ovo injection of nutrients on the

serum biochemical indices of neonate turkey poults

Bhattacharyya A., Majumdar S., Bhanja S. K., Mandal A. B. and Kadam M.M.

91-92

Post-46 Blood metabolites and mineral status in buffaloes suffering from digestive

disorders

Madan Jyotsana, Sindhu Sonia, Rose Manoj Kumar, Gupta Meenakshi and

Verma Ajay Kumar

92

Post-47 Effect of organic and inorganic zinc supplementation on the morphology of

testes in Assam goat (Capra hircus) kids

Devi Jonali, Goswami J., Sarmah B.C., Chakravarty P. and Sarma K.

92-93

Post-48 Study of changes in Haematological parameters during different lactations in

Toggenberg goats

Bhat Ishfaq Hassan, Devi Jonali and Kour K.

93

Post-49 Changes in certain serum biochemical profile from birth to ten months of age

in male Assam goat

Sarma Kamal, Kalita S.N., Devi Jonali and Chakravarty P.

94

Post-50 Studies of some biochemical parameters in Rambouillet sheep during seasonal

migration in Jammu region

Reothia A., Devi J., Koul A.L. and Kour K.

94

SESSION – 8

POSTER SESSION – II

Post-51 Comparison between basic physiological entities of hill cattle under field

conditions in two divisions of Uttarakhand

Pant Malini, Yadav Mrigakshi and Rastogi S.K.

95

Post-52 Biochemical characteristics of nondescript domestic Geese (Anser anser) at

different ages and sexes

Thavasiappan V., Visha P., Nanjappan K., and Anilkumar R.

95-96

Post-53 Effect of feeding synthetic Vitamin C and polyherbal feed premix

supplementation on stress hormones in broiler during hot summer

Sujatha V., Korde Jayant P., Rastogi Sunil K., Yadav Brijesh and Suresh. C

96

x


Post-54 Growth performance and blood biochemical profile of growing male pig

supplemented with different levels of zinc: copper

Mili Minakshi, Baruah Anubha, Bora A., Sarma S., Saikia Asish and Deka

Ilakshy

97

Post-55 Effect of herbal antistress product Ayucee® and synthetic Vitamin C on blood

biochemical profile in ameliorating heat stress in layer birds

Kulkarni Shrikant, Jadhav N.V., Waghmare P. G., Awati B. and Suranagi M.

D.

97-98

Post-56 Effect of management systems and seasons on semen freezability in

Jamunapari bucks

Ramachandran N., Singh N. P., Ranjan R., Gangwar Chetna and Goel A. K.

98-99

Post-57 In vitro production of meiotically competent oocytes (MII stage) by different

IVM protocols

Shankaraiah P., Swathi B., Arunakumari G., Srinivasa Prasad Ch. and Vishnu

Ch.

99

Post-58 Improvement in reproductive status of crossbred cows consequent to

supplementation of area specific mineral mixture

Jana Sonali, Verma M. S., Sharma K. B., Dogra P. K. and Kumar R.

99-100

Post-59 Evaluation of 5'- and 3' flanking regions construct of Buffalo Β-lactoglobulin

gene in mammary gland derived cell lines

Kotresh A.M., Kulkarni Shrikanth, Sharma Bhaskar and Wahal C.K.

100-101

Post-60 Comparative study of fetal bovine serum and estrus buffalo serum on in vitro

maturation of oocytes in buffalo

Puri Gopal, Chaudhary S.S., Sharma A.K., Singh V.K., Patel Pankaj, Odedara

Arjun and Siddique R.A.

101

Post-61 Effect of heat stress on Matrix metalloproteinase gene expression in dermal

fibroblast of Cattle and Murrah buffalo

Singh A.K., Upadhyay R.C., Singh S.V., Kumar S., Malakar D.

101-102

Post-62 Effect of COX-2 inhibitor (flunixine meglumine) on conception rate in

buffaloes using ovasynch synchronization protocol


102

Post-63 Effect of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) on egg yolk cholesterol in Jabalpur

colour layer birds

Chauhan S.S., Jain N., Quadri M.A., Shakkarpude Jyotsana and Jain Archana

103

Post-64 Assessment of performance of lactating cattle through supplementation of

mineral mixture for three months after calving in Mandla district of M.P.

Sharma Pramod, Meshram Vishal and Suryawanshi V. S.

103-104

Post-65 Impact assessment of dairy related training in empowerment of rural masses

Singh Balwan

104

Post-66 Effect of environment on physical and biochemical characteristics related to

thyroidal hormones in Murrah buffalo bull (Bubalus bubalis) semen.

Singh Balwan

104

Post-67 Interaction of thyroxin with semen quality as affected by season in Murrah

buffalo bull (Bubalus bubalis)

Singh Balwan

105

Post-68 Changes in physiological responses of Black Bengal bucks (Capra hircus)

under continuous thermal stress

Singh Manav, Mamta, Samad H.A. and Maurya V.P.

105-106

Post-69 Serum enzymes, biochemical and electrolyte profiling of native breeding bucks

(Capra hircus)

Mamta, Singh Manav and Maurya V.P.

106

Post-70 Seasonal variations in seminal plasma proteins of Bhadawari buffalo

Sharma Lokesh, Pandey Vijay, Nigam Rajesh, Singh Pawanjit, Saxena Atul

and Swain Dilip

106-107

xi


Post-71 Haemato-biochemical alterations in cross bred cattle affected clinically with

bovine theilerosis in subtropical himalayan region

Sharma Devina, Katoch Ajay, Agnihotri R.K., Mittra S., Sharma Ankur and

Mandial R.K.

107

Post-72 Serum concentrations of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in pregnant cow

with or without vaginal prolapse Mathura distt, India

Gangwar Chetna, Singh Shankar, Mukesh, Saxena Atul , Kumar Vijay and

Chaudhary Mahander

107-108

Post-73 Postnatal change of hematological parameters of Guinea fowl

Singh S.P., Singh I., Gangwar Chetna and Kumar Prabhakar

108

Post-74 Osmotic fragility of erythrocytes of Tarai buffaloes under different lactation

stages

Begum Rizwana, Huozha R., Rastogi S. K. and Kumar Om

108-109

Post-75 Estrus induction and conception rate with single and double dose of PGF2α

in Jaffrabadi buffaloes

Ahlawat A.R., Ghodasara S.N., Dutta K.S., Gajbhiye P.U., Murthy K.S. and

Savaliya K.B.

109

Post-76 LH, IGF-1, and EGF stimulate progesterone secretion and survivability in

cultured bubaline luteal cells

Chouhan V.S., Dangi S.S., Singh

G. and Sarkar M.

109-110

Post-77 The in vitro effect of osteopontin on sperm capacitation of water buffalo

(Bubalus bubalis) bulls

Kumari Manisha, Kumar Pradeep, Kumar D., Yadav S. P., Balhara A. K. and

Yadav P. S.

110

Post-78 Vocalization a reflector of developmental stages of dairy animals

Singh Yajuvendra, Sirohi R., Singh D.N. and Yadav Archana

110-111

Post-79 Effect of prilled Fat on metabolic adjustments in dry matter intake, body

weight, metabolites and milk production performance in Murrah buffaloes

during early lactation

Singh Sukhjinderjit, Sehgal J. P., Singh Mahendra and Rajesh G.

111

Post-80 Immunological and molecular characterization of buffalo embryonic stem cells

Balamurugan T. C., Puri Gopal, Ranjan Ravi, Perumal P., Bag Sadhan., Das

B.C. and Majumdar A. C.

111-112

Post-81 Evolving a totipotent stem cell marker

Balamurugan T. C., Puri Gopal, Ranjan Ravi, Perumal P., Bag Sadhan., Das

B.C. and Majumdar A. C.

112

Post-82 Effect of T-2 Toxin (Trichothecenes) on haematological and oxidative stress

parameters in goats

Shivasharanappa N., Sharma A. K., Singh R., Kataria M., Dandpat S., Telong

A. G., Gupta V. K. and Sharma Nitika

112-113

Post-83 A study to evaluate effect of cryoprocessing on percent abnormal spermatozoa

in Barbari buck semen

Baghel G., Yadav S., Anand M., Yadav B., Madan A. K., and Kumar J.

113

Post-84 Changes in biometrics of uteri and foetuses during gestation in ewe

Anitha A. and Thangavel A.

114

Post-85 Biochemical profile of ovine foetal fluids


114-115

Post-86 A study to evaluate change in semen quality of Barbari buck during sequential

steps involved in semen cryopreservation

Baghel G., Yadav S., Yadav B., Madan A. K., Anand M., and Kumar J.

115

Post-87 Capacitation like changes in cryopreserved Barbari buck semen centrifuged

and diluted with semen extender containing 20% egg yolk

Baghel G., Yadav S., Anand M., Kumar J. and Yadav B.

115-116

xii


Post-88 Seminal attributes of freshly ejaculated neat semen of Bhadawari bulls reared

for breeding

Kumar P., Madan A. K., Anand M., Yadav S., Kumar J. and Yadav B.

116

Post-89 Effect of Vitamin E, Vitamin C and their combination on quality of

cryopreserved semen.

Kumar P., Madan A. K., Yadav S., Kumar J., Yadav B. and Anand M.

116-117

Post-90 A study to evaluate the change in the percent abnormal spermatozoa during

different steps involved in cryopreservation

Kumar P., Madan A. K., Anand M., Yadav B., and Saxena Atul

117

Post-91 Study of hematological changes in cases of Theileriosis in cattle

Kumar Vijay, Singh D. K., Pathak S., Singh Uttam, Singh Renu and Chaudhary

M.K.

118

Post-92 Evaluation of nutritional status of Indian water buffaloes with subclinical

mastitis

Singh Krishna Veer, Singh Shanker K., Srivastava Mukesh, Srivastava Ashish

and Tripathi Arvind

118

Post-93 Hematological changes in Rats caused by Cypermethrin induced toxicity

Singh Renu, Singh Uttam, Gangwar Neeraj, Yadav Raghvender and Srivastava

A.K.

118-119

Post-94 Estrus induction in bitch using prolactin inhibitor -Cabergoline (Camforte)

Patel Akhil, Yadav Sanjay Singh, Kumar Abhishek, Yadav Dushyant, Sachan

Vikas, Sonker Vipin, Kumar Brijesh, Kumar Anuj and Saxena Atul

119

Post-95 Medicinal treatment of pyometra in bitch using Cabergoline (prolactin

inhibitor): A case report

Yadav Dushyant, Kumar Abhishek, Yadav Sanjay Singh, Patel Akhil, Sachan

Vikas, Sonker Vipin, Kumar Anuj and Saxena Atul

119-120

Post-96 Effect of egg yolk concentrations on membrane integrity of cryopreserved

Hariana bull semen extended in Tris based extender

Sachan Vikas, Saxena Atul, Mishra Sanjay, Kumar Abhishek, Yadav Dushyant

and Kumar Anuj

120-121

Post-97 Effect of glycerol concentrations on acrosomal integrity of cryopreserved


Sachan Vikas, Saxena Atul, Mishra Sanjay, Patel Akhil, Yadav Sanjay S. and

Singh Vijay

121

Post-98 Seminal characteristics of Hariana bulls

Sachan Vikas, Saxena Atul, Mishra Sanjay, Yadav Dushyant and Yadav Sanjay S.

122

Post-99 Water splashing and roof thatching for heat stress management

Sirohi R., Singh D.N., Singh Yajuvendra and Yadav R.S.

122-123

Post-100 Management of follicular cyst in buffaloes using CIDR

Yadav Sanjay Singh, Patel Akhil, Kumar Abhishek, Yadav Dushyant, Sachan

Vikas and Saxena Atul

123

Post-101 Successful medicinal treatment of pyometra using cabergoline and PGF2Α: A

case report

Kumar Abhishek, Yadav Dushyant, Yadav Sanjay Singh, Patel Akhil and

Saxena Atul

123-124

SESSION – 9

POULTRY, FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE PHYSIOLOGY

PFWP-01 Efficacy of dietary phytoestrogens, feed restriction and their interaction on

reproductive parameters of broiler pullets

Madnurkar A.D., Shinde A.S., Chouhan L., Mohan J. and Moudgal R.P.

125

PFWP-02 Antioxidant enzyme status in broiler chicks: Role of dietary supplementation

of Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum basilicum and Selenium

Leela V., Varaprasad Reddy L. S. S, Suganya G., Loganathasamy K. and

Devaraj C.

125-126

xiii


PFWP-03 Examine fertility in fertile period in Kadaknath chicken using different semen

extenders

Shinde A.S., Mohan J., Singh R.P., Chouhan L. and Sastry KVH

126

PFWP-04 Studies on performance traits of guinea fowls fed Neem (Azadirachta indica)

leaf powder

Singh M. K., Singh S. K., Singh D. V., Sharma R. K., Singh Brijesh, Palod J.,

Kumar Shive, Barwal R. S., Kumar Anil and Singh C. B.

126-127

PFWP-05 Egglay and subsequent reproductive performance of white leg horn chickens

subjected to different parts of light spectrum

Reddy I. J., Ravi Kiran G., and Mondal S.

127

PFWP-06 Effect of addition of Taurine on the liquid storage (5oC) of Mithun (Bos

frontalis) semen


127-128

PFWP-07 Effects of different concentration of glycerol and method of addition on

apoptosis in fresh and cryopreserved Mithun (Bos frontalis) semen

Bora Bhaskar, Baruah K. K., Savino N., Dhali A., Mondal M., Mukherjee A.,

Rajkhowa C. and Perumal P.

128

PFWP-08 Plasma biochemical profile of Emu chicks

Suganya G., Leela V., P. Gnanaraj Tensingh, Richard Jagatheesan P.N. and

Paramasivam A.

128-129

PFWP-09 Comparative performance of broiler chicken reared under different temperature

and humidity levels using automated environment control chamber facility for

poultry during summer season

Vasanthakumar P., Chandrasekaran D., Kathirvalan C., B Pangayarselvi.,

Sasikumar P., Purushothaman M.R. and Senthilkumar S.

129

PFWP-10 Heat ameliorating and immunomodulatory properties of AV/LAP/19 in broilers

chickens

Limsay R., Jangde C. R., Ravikanth K., Thakur A. and Maini S.

129-130

PFWP-11 Blood biochemical profile of hilly Pig “Zovawk Pig” of Mizoram

Prava M., Tolenkhomba T.C., Ali M.A., Saikia P. and Singh N. Shyamsana

130

PFWP-12 Studies on some haematological, biochemical and mineral profile of Rhode

Island Red (RIR) laying birds reared at backyard in different agroclimatic

zones of West Bengal

Pandiyan Guru. D. V., Maity S., Das P. K, Ghosh P. R., Sanyal S and Gogoi S. J.

131

PFWP-13 Effect of poly herbal liver tonic on the biochemical indices of commercial

layers during late stage of production

Shukla P.K. and Bhattacharyya A

131-132

PFWP-14 Maternal dietary manipulation and vaccination on serum biochemical indices

of day old turkey poults

Bhattacharyya A., Majumdar S., Bhanja S. K., Mandal A. B. and Dash B. B.

132

PFWP-15 Production performances and antioxidant status of Rhode Island Red (RIR)

laying birds reared at backyard in different agroclimatic zones of West Bengal

during summer

Maity S., Ghosh P. R., Das P. K, Sanyal S, Pandiyan G. D. V., Das K., Gogoi

S. J., Banerjee D. and Mukherjee J.

132-133

PFWP-16 Physiological characteristics of nondescript domestic Geese (Anser anser) at



133-134

PFWP-17 Incubation temperature affects expression of nutrient transporter genes in

Japanese Quail

Rashid Azhar, Tyagi J.S., Sharma Sanjeev Kumar, Sirajudeen M., Jag Mohan,

Singh R.P., Narayan Raj, Mehra Manish and Goel Akshat

134

xiv


SESSION – 10

TEACHING VETERINARY PHYSIOLOGY

TVPP-01 Veterinary Physiology: A strong pillar in veterinary education

Jain Archana and Shakkar Jyotsana

135

TVPP-02 Teaching Veterinary Physiology: Practical Aspect

Pareek Sunita

136

SESSION – 11

YOUNG SCIENTIST AWARD SESSION

YSA-01 Evaluation of stem cell therapy on ovaries of anestrus buffaloes

Mundekar A. S., Ingole S. D., Bhartiya D. V., Patel H. R., Gulavne S. U.,

Nagvekar A. S., Bharucha S. V., Bakshi S. A and Pawshe C. H.

137

YSA-02 Electrophysiological evaluation of parentral anaesthesia in goats

Yadav Mrigakshi, Rastogi S.K., Huozha R. and Kumar Sudhir

137-138

YSA-03 Effect of different dietary energy levels on physiobiochemical changes and

expression profile of leptin in Goat (Capra hircus)

Hyder I., Ramesh K., Sharma S., Uniyal S., Yadav V. P., Maurya V. P., Singh

G. and Sarkar M.

138

YSA-04 Wound healing potential of canine bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem

cell conditioned media in diabetic rats

Matin Ansari Mohd, Sreekumar T.R., Chandra Vikash, Dubey Pawan K.,

Kumar G. Sai, Amarpal and Sharma G. Taru

139

YSA-05 Plasmid vector based generation of transgenic mesenchymal stem cells with

stable expression of reporter gene in caprine

Kumar Manish, Singh Renu, Agarwal Pranjali, Kumar Kuldeep, Mahapatra P.

S., Das B. C. and Bag Sadhan

139-140

YSA-06 Supplementation of chromium propionate for alleviation of stress in Sahiwal

calves during summer and winter season

Kumar Suresh and Singh S.V.

140

YSA-07 Seasonal variation in expression pattern of genes under HSP70 family in heat

and cold adapted goats (Capra hircus)

Banerjee Dipak, Upadhyay Ramesh C., Chaudhary Umesh B., Kumar

Ravindra, Singh Sohanvir, Ashutosh, Gali Jagan M., Polley Shamik,

Mukherjee Ayan, Das Tapan K. and De Sachinandan

140-141

YSA-08 Difference in the relative expression of skin color genes in indigenous and

crossbred cattle during summer and winter season

Maibam Uttarani, Singh S.V., Upadhyay R.C., Singh A.K, Kumar Suresh and

Beenam

141

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CCSB 01 Growth, physiological and blood profile of male Purnathadi Buffalo calves in

summer

Dhenge S. A., Kuralkar Prajkta and Nagre S.M.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Akola,

Maharashtra

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was planned to determine the growth, physiological and

haematological profile of growing male Purnathadi buffalo calves in summer. The

present study was carried out at Purnathadi buffalo Research Farm, Post Graduate

Institute of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Akola (Maharashtra) in the summer months

of March to May, 2013. The total six apparently healthy growing male buffalo calves

were selected and observations for growth, physiological and haematological parameters

were recorded fortnightly during study. Growth profile values of initial body weight (kg),

final body weight (kg), average body weight (kg) and daily weight gain (kg) were

55.02±7.00, 68.47±7.51, 62.23±2.44, 0.18±0.03 respectively,. Physiological profile

values of rectal temperature (0C), respiration rate (breaths/minute), pulse rate

(beats/minute) and heart rate (beats/minute) were 38.58±0.03, 43.28±1.55, 56.39±0.97

and 54.81±0.96 respectively, and haematological profile values of haemoglobin (gm/dl)

and packed cell volume (%) were 11.17±0.16 and 34.39±0.91 respectively, in summer of

growing male Purnathadi buffalo calves. In conclusion, the present study determined the

growth, physiological and haematological profile of growing male Purnathadi buffalo

calves in summer and as compared with the previous reports, growth was impaired very

severely whereas haematological and physiological parameters did not affected except,

respiration rate increased in summer. Therefore, adequate shelter and proper feeding

practices should be provided for growing male Purnathadi buffalo calves in Vidarbha

region of Maharashtra State for better performance in summer.

CCSB 02 In vitro effect of radiofrequency on HSP70 gene expression of birds

Das P. K., Jana C., Thulasiraman P., Ghosh P. R., Joardar S. N., Pandiyan G. D. V.,

Mukherjee J., Maity S. and Sanyal S.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 68, K. B.

Sarani, Kolkata, West Bengal

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Poultry birds, under free range system of management are a good biological indicator for

low-intensity Electro-Magnetic Frequency radiations (EMF-r) for their vulnerability to

EMF-r. With the aim of assessing the in vitro effect of radio frequency (RF) exposure on

cellular stress, two rural breeds [one best adopted exotic breed-Rhode Island Red (RIR)

and one indigenous breed-Haringhata Black (HB)] were considered for the present study.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), obtained from six healthy birds of each

breed, were used for expression of hsp70 gene by reverse transcription- polymerase chain

reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Prior to the experiment, the PBMC were cultured into tissue

culture plates in duplicates under bio-safety cabinet for radiofrequency exposure. The

plates were exposed to 850 and 1200 MHz radiofrequency field from a standard mobile

phone separately along with a power analyzer (SAR 1.7 W / Kg) for 5 minutes, 25

minutes, 40 minutes and 60 minutes. The common trend of the HSP70 gene expression

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in RIR and HB breed of birds were observed upon 850 RF exposures from 25 minutes

onward. The results showed that upon 1200 MHz RF post exposure, hsp70 gene

expression occurred at 25 minutes onward in HB breed birds and 60 minutes post

exposure in case of RIR bird. It may be concluded that, lower radiofrequency (850 MHz)

emitted by mobile phone poses more stressful effect than the higher radiofrequency

(1200 MHz) on in vitro exposed cells in both the breeds as indicated by expression of

hsp70 gene.

CCSB 03 Effect of heat stress on regulation of BAX, BCL-2 and Caspase-3 mRNAs in

PBMC of Transition Karan Fries cows.

Somal Anjali and Aggarwal Anjali

Dairy Cattle Physiology, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal. Haryana

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Heat stress is a combination of environmental conditions when the effective

environmental temperature is higher than the temperature range of animal‟s

thermoneutral zone and is important factor influencing the reproduction and production

of animals. Keeping this in mind the present study was conducted where twelve pregnant

dry cows (transition cows) were selected at 15 days prepartum from the Livestock

Research Centre of National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal. The experiment was

divided into two parts. Experiment-I (thermoneutral conditions) and Experiment–II

(summer season) were carried out on 6 cows each when the average maximum and

minimum temperatures were 16.5˚C and 8.3˚C and 34.2˚C and 21.4˚C, respectively.

Blood samples were collected on -15, 0 and +15 days with respect to calving where day

„0‟ represents the day of

calving. The PBMC were separated for the gene expression

study and expression level of Caspase-3, BAX and BCL-2 mRNAs were analysed. The

Caspase-3 mRNA expression increased significantly (P<0.0001) on day of calving

during both conditions. There was significant (P<0.01) upregulation of Caspase-3 and the

ratio of BAX/BCL-2 was significantly (P<0.01) in higher in all periods in summer when

compared with thermoneutral conditions, respectively. It can be concluded that

upregulation of Caspase-3 (proapoptotic genes), BAX/ BCL-2 ratio (apoptosis indicator)

on the day of calving indicates higher cell loss, cellular senescence or apoptosis of

PBMC which were further aggravated by thermal stress.

CCSB 04 Effect of seasonal variation on post-thaw sperm kinematics of Murrah

buffalo breeding bulls

Nitharwal K., Singh P., Kumar P., Kumar A., Gupta A.K. and Bhakat M.

Artificial Breeding Research Institute, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A study was conducted at Artificial Breeding Research Centre, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana,

to assess post-thaw sperm functions of Murrah buffalo bull semen, frozen during various

seasons. The objectives of the present investigation was to determine seasonal influences

on sperm kinematics viz., motion characteristics of spermatozoa of six healthy Murrah

buffalo bulls, frozen during various seasons. Semen frozen during winter, spring,

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summer and rainy seasons of these bulls was thawed and evaluated for sperm kinematics

viz. post-thaw motility, progressive motility, rapid motility, average path velocity (VAP),

straight line velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL), amplitude of lateral head

displacement (ALH), beat cross frequency (BCF), linearity (LIN), straightness (STR) etc.

assessed by computer assisted sperm analyzer (CASA). Results revealed that the post-

thaw sperm motility estimates in winter, spring, summer and rainy seasons were

61.00±4.70, 54.00±1.65, and 45.71±2.76 and 50.64±1.61 per cent, respectively. The

values were also higher for VAP (118.50±5.46 μm/sec), VSL (98.41±5.97 μm/sec), VCL

(224.54±11.69 μm/sec), BCF (34.70±0.50 Hz), LIN (46.00±2.21%) and STR

(82.00±2.21%) and lower for ALH (8.30±0.28 μm) in winter season. However, the

analysis of variance revealed that the seasonal variations in post-thaw sperm CASA

parameters viz., VAP, VSL, VCL, ALH, BCF, LIN and STR were not found to be

statistically significant for semen frozen during different seasons. Among all CASA

parameters, only post-thaw motility varied significantly (P< 0.05) across different

seasons. From the present findings it could be concluded that the winter season is

favourable for higher post thaw sperm motility of buffalo bulls.

CCSB 05 Studies on interrelationship between temperature humidity index and

physiological parameters in growing swamp Buffalo calves

Saikia T.K., Goswami J., Sarmah B.C., Sarmah B.K., Biswas R.K., Das G.C., Borah R.S.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, AAU, Khanapara, Assam

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The study was conducted at the ICAR sponsored “Network Project on Swamp Buffalo”,

College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati-22

in pre-monsoon (March-May) and monsoon (June-August) seasons. Ten (10) nos. of

swamp buffalo calves were selected irrespective of sex and divided into two groups

comprising of 5 animals each. In group I, the animals were 6 to 12 months of age and in

group II, animals were more than 12 to 18 months of age. The physiological parameters

that are related to thermal stress viz. body temperature, pulse rate and respiration rate

were recorded twice daily for a period of 6 months for 3 consecutive days in a week in

each calf at 7 A.M. and 3.30 P.M. The maximum rectal temperature of 103F was

recorded in the evening hour during monsoon months. The pulse rate ranged from 55 to

62 per minute in the pre-monsoon months in comparison with to 57 to 65 per minute in

the monsoon months. The lowest mean respiration rate was recorded as 17.0 ± 0.31 and

the highest mean respiration rate was found to be 18.8 ± 0.41 per minute in the pre-

monsoon months. Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) was calculated for the entire

period of study using the data obtained from the Automatic Weather Station of Assam

Agricultural University, College of Veterinary Science, Khanapara, Guwahati-22. The

average Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) of different months in the place of study was

found to be 74.72, 76.75, 77.00, 78.00, 78.25 and 78.55 for the months of March, April,

May, June, July and August, respectively. The present experiment revealed that there

was a positive correlation between THI and physiological parameters. The body

temperature showed strong correlation with THI in comparison to pulse rate as well as

respiration rate.

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CCSB 06 Expression profile of HSP70 gene during different seasons in Tarai buffaloes

Manjari P., Rastogi S.K., Huozha R., Kumar Sudhir, Uniyal S. and Gupta Anil

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences,

GBPUAT, Pantnagar, UK

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Heat stress had been a constant challenge to buffalo rearing under tropical climate as more

chance exists for exposure to solar radiation for most of the day while grazing with

exaggeration by nutritional constraints. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) constitute a ubiquitous

class of highly conserved proteins that contribute to cell survival by reducing the

accumulation of damaged or abnormal polypeptides within cells. The present study has

demonstrated the expression of HSP70 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)

during different seasons in Tarai buffaloes. Eight blood samples were collected each from

healthy, non-lactating and non-pregnant Tarai buffalo above two years of age, once in the

month of January (THI<72) and in the month of April (THI>72). Eight blood samples were

also collected during November (THI=72) to be used as calibrator/control. Real-time PCR

was applied to investigate mRNA expression of HSP70. Specificity of the desired product

was documented using analysis of melting temperature and high resolution gel

electrophoresis to verify that the transcripts are of exact molecular size as predicted. The

relative expression values of HSP70 in Tarai buffalo during summer was found significantly

higher (P<0.05) during summer season as compared to winter season. To conclude, the

results demonstrate that (i) HSP70 gene is expressed in bovine PBMCs and (ii) Higher

expression of HSPs during thermal stress suggests possible involvement of these to

ameliorate deleterious effect of thermal stress as to maintain cellular integrity and

homeostasis in Tarai buffaloes.

CCSB 07 Effect of cooling during heat stress on blood gas and acid-base balance in

late gestation period of Murrah buffaloes

Aarif Ovais, Aggarwal Anjali and Uphadya R C

Dairy Cattle Physiology Division, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana

_______________________________________________________________________________________

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of evaporative cooling system during heat stress

on blood gas and acid base balance of murrah buffaloes. To investigate this study

eighteen healthy pregnant dry murrah buffaloes (second to fourth parity) at sixty days

prepartum were selected in the months of May to Juneand divided into two groups of

nine animals each. Group 1 buffaloes remained as control without provision of cooling

and second group was managed under cooling during the dry period. Blood samples were

collected on day -60, -45, -30, -15, 0, with respect to days of parturition and analysed by

blood gas analyzer. Blood PH and partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) were significantly

(P<0.01) higher in heat stressed group as compared to the cooled group. Partial pressure

of CO2 (PCO2), total CO2 (TCO2), bicarbonate (HCO3), standard bicarbonate (SBC), base

excess in extracellular fluid (BEecf), base excess in blood (BEb), PCV and Hb were

significantly (P<0.01) higher in cooled group as compared to non-cooled group. Heat

stress brings severe changes in blood gas and acid base balance in the body affecting

animal‟s health and in turn production. Cooling is an efficient mechanism in alleviating

heat stress and in turn brings bodies blood gas and acid base balance to normal.

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CCSB 08 Behavioural and chemical changes produced due to stress associated with

weaning in calf

Rai M, Rai R, Dalai N & Shekhar S

Department of Veterinary Physiology, Mahatma Gandhi Veterinary College, Bharatpur

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Weaning or separating calf from dam dependency of offspring involves complete mother

for nutritional and social-cause to totally independent existence. This transition is

understood to occur gradually as availability of milk from the mother decline of intake of

social food along with social independence. The pressure of weaning is associated with

ovart behavioural changes such as increased vocalization and locomotor activity. Studies

have shown that hormonal indicators of stress are evident post-weaning like ACTH,

cortisolone increases, additionally Adrenaline, Nor-adrenaline also increases. TLC is also

raised following social disruption of herd. Biomarkers of altered nutritional status been

examined in cattle. Altered protein metabolism is evidenced by changes in circulating

concentration of total protein and its constituents, albumin and globulin and

concentration of urea. Though following weaning concentration of total protein and urea

returned to normal. Increased energy metabolism, a hallmark of the stress response as

body diverts energy from processes of a lesser priority to processes required to react to

the stress or is evidenced by alteration to concentration of glucose.

CCSB 09 Expression of genes related to skin colour and their relationship with the

physiological responses and cortisol hormone in Tharparkar cattle during

summer and winter season

Maibam Uttarani, Singh S.V., Upadhyay R.C., Hooda O.K., Beenam and Kumar

Suresh

Dairy Cattle Physiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal

_______________________________________________________________________________________

In order to observe the expression of the genes (MC1R and PMEL) and activity of the

enzyme (tyrosinase) related to skin pigmentation, study was conducted on Tharparkar

heifers. Blood samples were collected from Tharparkar heifers (2-3 years) during

summer (Tmax, 36.4ºC) and winter (Tmin, 4.1 ºC) season at weekly interval. Just after blood

collection, samples were transferred to the laboratory for lymphocytes separation and

isolation of RNA. The RNA samples were further processed for cDNA preparation from

which the relative mRNA expression of the genes were quantified using RT-PCR. The

tyrosinase activity was determined in plasma samples using Bovine tyrosinase ELISA

kit. The relative MC1R and PMEL mRNA expression in Tharparkar heifers were found

to be significantly (P<0.05) higher during winter than summer season. Similarly, the

activity of tyrosinase enzyme was also found significantly (P<0.05) higher during winter

season. Physiological responses (respiration rate, pulse rate, rectal temperature and skin

temperature) were found to be significantly higher during summer than winter season.

The plasma levels of stress hormone (cortisol) was also significantly (P<0.05) higher

during summer than winter season. Physiological parameters and cortisol showed

negative correlation with the skin colour related genes and tyrosinase enzyme activity.

The results of the present study clearly showed the significant difference in the

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expression levels of skin colour related genes (MC1R and PMEL) and tyrosinase activity

during the two seasons. Therefore, it can be stated that these genes and tyrosinase activity

is related to adaptability of Tharparkar cattle to different ambient conditions.

CCSB 10 Blood biochemical response of Alpine X Beetal kids to thermal and exercise

stress

Hooda O. K., Singh S. V. and Upadhyay R. C.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

Blood biochemical, serum electrolytes and plasma enzymes were studied in Alpine x

Beetal kids subjected to thermal and exercise stress in a climatic chamber. Twelve male

kids of 3-4 months of age and similar body weights were divided into two groups of six

animals each. Group- I was made to walk on a treadmill for one hour and exposed at 40,

42 and 44oC in a climatic chamber. Group-II served as control and kept in goat pens

where temperature varied from 20-24oC and relative humidity between 35-40%. Serum

electrolytes sodium, potassium and chloride concentration decreased significantly

(P<0.05) after exercise and thermal exposure. The levels of electrolytes in group-I were

significantly lower than group-II. Blood glucose, serum total protein, albumin and

globulin concentration decreased due to exercise and thermal stress in group-I and their

levels were significantly lower in group-I than group-II. The levels of SGOT and SGPT

increased significantly in group-I after exposure to thermal and exercise stress and their

activities were significantly higher in group-I than group -II. The levels of alkaline

phosphatase and acid phosphatase decreased significantly in group-I due to exercise and

thermal stress and their levels were lower in group-I compared to control group-II. The

study indicated that there were significant deviations in the levels of blood biochemical

which might be due to a metabolic shift in the stressed animals to cope with the imposed

stress.

CCSB 11 Biochemical and hormonal acclimation to severe thermal stress in crossbred

cattle


Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A study was conducted to assess the biochemical and hormonal acclimation to thermal

stress in crossbred cattle. In the experiment four dry crossbred cattle were exposed to

400C temperature with relative humidity of 40-50% in psychrometric chamber for 5

hours/day from 10:00 to 15:00 hours for 21 days. The blood samples were collected at

10:00 (before exposure) and 15:00 (after exposure) hours on 1st, 6

th, 11

th, 16

th and 21

st

days and serum was harvested for biochemical and hormonal analysis. The body weight

of the animals was recorded before and after completion of thermal exposure. The body

weight of the animals decreased significantly (P<0.05) on thermal exposure. Serum

LDH, ALT and AST activity increased whereas AKP activity decreased significantly

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(P<0.05) after thermal exposure as compared to before however, LDH, AST and ALT

activity decreased progressively to reach its pre-stress levels at the end of the experiment,

indicating an acclimatory response. The serum SOD activity reached its nadir however,

after an initial rise in serum ROS levels, it recuperated to its normal pre-stress level at the

end of the experiment. Serum urea increased significantly (P<0.05) after thermal stress

and a progressive decline in serum protein and triglyceride level was observed after an

initial rise. The serum T3 and T4 showed significant (P<0.05) decrease whereas serum

cortisol showed significant (P<0.05) increase initially after thermal exposure however T4

level reached its pre-stress levels at the end the experiment but on the contrary the T3

level decreased progressively, and cortisol decreased along the length of the experiment

after an initial rise indicating acclimation to thermal stress. It can be concluded that even

at severe thermal stress at 400

in crossbred cattle, acclimatory mechanisms prevailed

although it varied in its intensity and response depending on the biochemical and

endocrine homeostatic/telophoretic processes.

CCSB 12 Effect of chromium propionate supplementation on thermal stress alleviation

in Sahiwal calves

Kumar Suresh, Singh S.V., Upadhyay R.C., Hooda O.K., Singh A.K., Maibam

Uttarani, Chaudhari Bijay Kumar and Baliyan Beenam


_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present investigation was carried out to study the levels of thermal stress alleviation

and immune modulation in Sahiwal calves. Twelve Sahiwal calves were selected from

the NDRI herd, on the basis of their body weight and age. These animals were further

divided equally (6 each) into two groups i.e. control (without Chromium propionate) and

treatment group (Chromium propionate supplementation @ 0.5mg/kg dry matter intake

/day). Both the groups of calves were exposed in a climatic chamber (42±1°C and

50±2%RH) for a period of 4 hours daily continuously for 7 days. Blood samples were

collected prior to exposure, after 2 hour of exposure and after end of 4 hour of exposure

on day1 and day7. The physiological responses viz. RT, ST, PR and RR were found to be

lower in treatment group compared to control group of Sahiwal calves. There were no

significant changes in NEFA and glucose levels after exposure to climatic chamber in

both of the groups. Mean values of insulin and cortisol increased significantly (p<0.01)

in both groups at 2 and 4 hours of exposure. The magnitude of increase in cortisol

hormone was higher in control compared to treatment group. The enzymatic activity of

CAT, SOD, TBARS and GPx varied during different heat exposure conditions in both

the groups. The GR activity was significantly (p<0.01) higher in control compared to

treatment group. The immunological parameters (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α) were not

significant between groups. The overall values of both the groups did not differed

significantly. The body weight and DMI were higher in treatment compared to control

group. Based on the results it can be stated that chromium supplementation in Sahiwal

calves helped in alleviation of thermal stress, immune modulation and better growth

performance.

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CCSB 13 Evaluation of body antioxidant indices and their relationship with different

phenotypic traits of three different breeds of goats (Capra hircus) at high

altitude

Kumar Prabhat, Bharti Vijay K., Charan Guru, Kumar K., Ballewar V.R., Srivastava

R. B.

Nutrition and Toxicology Laboratory, Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), DRDO, C/o-

56 APO, Leh-Ladakh, J&K

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Both survivability and productivity of animals are affected by the severe cold and

hypobaric-hypoxic conditions which prevail around the year at high altitude. Hence,

selection of adapted (high altitude resistant) animals including goats is most important

for their rearing at high altitude for optimum productivity and better farm returns.

Therefore, we need to evaluate their body antioxidant status and their relationship with

different phenotypic traits at age of selection to know the effect of high altitude on

different antioxidant parameters, body weight, and to select high altitude resistant

animals for further breeding and propagation. For this we selected nine adult female from

each group viz. Native Changthangi breed, Sirohi breed of goat, and crossbred/hybrid

goat (Changthangi x Sirohi), as these animals have better potential for meat production at

high altitude. Thereafter, morphological traits viz. body length, height, and girth; horn

length, ear length, tail length, and body weight were measured at 330 days. Whole blood

was also taken to evaluate different body antioxidant indices. Lipid peroxidation (MDA)

and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly (p<0.05) lower in hybrid goat than native

Changthangi and low Lander Sirohi goats. Whereas, body weight, catalase, reduced

glutathione, β-carotene, total antioxidant capacity, and free radical scavenging ability

(DPPH % inhibition) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in hybrid goat as compared to

Changthangi and Sirohi goats. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson‟s

correlation analysis indicated significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) relationship between the

phenotypic traits and different antioxidant indices in all the groups of goats. Hence, this

study elucidated the importance of antioxidant indices along with phenotypic traits as

selection aid of goats at high altitude. Our study also indicated the adverse effect of high

altitude on body antioxidant status of goats and better performance of crossbred (hybrid)

goats to high altitude condition.

CCSB 14 Effect of thermal stress on some enzyme activities in Beetal and Toggenberg

goats

Kour Sumeet, Devi J., Kour K. and Chakravorty D.

Division of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, FVSci.& A.H., SKUAST-Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The influence of thermal stress (heat and cold stress) on hormonal parameters in relation

to thyroid activity were studied in Beetal and Toggenberg goats. A total of 36 healthy

adult female (2-4 years of age) Beetal (n=18) and Toggenberg (n=18) goats were

selected. Blood samples were collected from all the animals in summer, autumn and

winter seasons and analyzed for different enzyme activities. For the season and the breed

interactions, in between the breeds, significantly higher enzyme activities (AST, ALT

and ALP) were found in Toggenberg goats in all seasons as compared to Beetal. When

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the AST and ALP values were considered separately in Beetal and Toggenberg goats in

different seasons, significantly higher values were found in summer followed by autumn

than those of winter season in both the breeds. Irrespective of breed, in between three

different seasons, AST and ALP activities in summer was significantly higher (P<0.01)

than those of other two seasons. In between three different seasons, irrespective of the

breed, ALT activity was significantly higher (P<0.01) in winter than those of other two

seasons. Thyroid hormone had a significant negative correlation with serum AST and

ALP activities.

CCSB 15 Sahiwal cows during hot dry and hot humid environments: Changes in

physiohematological and hormonal parameter in lactating

Pandey A.K., Khan J.R. and Chandrakar Khushboo

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Anjora,

Durg, CG

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The experiment was conducted on 10 Sahiwal cows and the environmental condition was

divided as hot dry and hot humid conditions. The study was undertaken during hot dry

and hot humid conditions from May to July covering the hot dry and hot humid

environmental conditions. The mean morning temperature during hot dry period was

36.41±0.91 ° C and the evening temperature was 42.55±0.45 ° C with a range of 40-48°c.

The average relative humidity was38 %. The Temperature Humidity Index was 85.35

during hot dry period and 86.20 during hot humid environment. There was a significant

difference between morning and evening during both hot dry and hot humid conditions.

During hot dry period there was a significant (P <0.01) increase in the respiratory rate.

However there was no significant change in respiration during hot humid condition. The

pulse rate in hot dry period was significantly higher during evening as compared to

morning 70.1 Vs 59-83 per minute. However no significant difference was observed

during hot humid condition. The heart rate was significantly higher (P<0.01) during hot

humid condition in the evening compared to the morning. There was significantly higher

(P<0.01) rectal temperature during hot dry period. The hemoglobin concentration was

significantly lower (P<0.05) in compared to hot dry condition. The PCV was

significantly higher (P<0.01) in the evening compared to morning during hot dry period.

There was no significant difference in TEC count. The TLC count was significantly

higher during hot dry condition in evening compared to the morning 6160 Vs 5938 per

cu. mm. There was no significant difference in T3 concentration in the morning and

evening in hot dry condition however a significant (P<0.01) difference was observed in

between two seasons 1.24 Vs 0.94. The T4 concentration was also significantly higher

during hot humid condition in morning compared to hot dry condition.the insulin

concentration was higher4 during hot dry condition compared to hot humid condition.

The study shows that heat stress depressed direct thyroid activity and hematological

profile in Sahiwal cows. Also show variation in Total Leucocytic count in hot humid

environment.

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CCSB 16 Study on diaphoretic rate vis-a-vis body condition score in Surti buffaloes

during hot and humid climate

Singh Virendra Kumar, Chaudhary Sandhya S., Puri Gopal, Sharma A.K., Siddique

R.A., Patel M.D. and Singh Rana Ranjeet

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science and Animal

Husbandry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, MS

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The importance of evaporative thermolysis, mainly sweating rate, for heat tolerance has

been stressed by several researchers. Hot and humid climate of South Gujarat elicits

sweating which is an important thermoregulatory measure at high ambient temperature.

Sweating pattern is affected by subcutaneous adipose tissue wherein its deposition and

amount is reflected in body condition score of the animals. The present study was

conducted on 2 groups of Surti buffalo (n = 6) exposed to 2 different conditions of

temperature humidity index (Group I: THI1 =82.36 and Group II: THI2 = 86.74). Apart

from scoring the body condition of each animal, parameters like rectal temperature, heart

rate, respiration rate and sweating rate of selected regions of the body were measured. At

THI1 =82.36 and THI2 = 86.74, mean values of measured parameters were: heart rate

(per minute) 73 ± 1.52, 79.67 ± 1.58; respiration rate (per minute) 36.67 ± 1.52, 52.67 ±

1.43; rectal temperature (oF) 100.16 ± 0.12, 100.40 ± 0.08; sweating rate (gm/m

2.hr)

25.72 ± 0.55, 29.9356 ± 0.74 and body condition score (BCS) 2.58 ± 0.08, 2.83 ± 0.10

respectively. Significant rise in heart and respiration rate (P<0.01) and slight non-

significant increase in rectal temperature was seen. Even though a higher BCS showed

significant increase in sweating rate (P<0.01) at higher THI, it still needs to be elucidated

whether this increase in sweating rate is solely due to rise in THI or as a compensatory

rise due to lack of any other peripheral cooling mechanism owing to higher subcutaneous

fat.

CCSB 17 Variation in hematological and biochemical parameters vis-a-vis season in

Surti buffaloes

Chaudhary Sandhya S., Singh V.K., Siddique R.A., Sharma Arun, Puri Gopal, Patel

M.D., Upadhayay R.C. and Odedara Arjun

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science and Animal

Husbandry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, MS

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Buffaloes thrive in diverse geographical conditions where the temperature in summer

may raise up to 46°C and in winter may fall up to 4°C. Since buffaloes are shade and

water loving animals, they exhibit signs of heat stress when exposed to solar radiations.

Most of the studies have been conducted on effect of direct solar radiations on buffaloes

while there are very few studies in relation to the microenvironment in which the animals

are confined. Therefore, the present study was conducted on 10 buffaloes in summer and

winter season under NICRA project. These animals were maintained in pucca shed at

Livestock Research Station, NAU, Navsari. The maximum and minimum temperature

during winter was 35.3°C and 9.4°C while during summer it was 39.7°C and 19.4°C

respectively. Blood samples in K3 EDTA and heparin were collected and analyzed for

haematological and biochemical parameters. Amongst the different hematological and

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biochemical parameters the level of WBC, MCHC, Cholesterol, Na+, Cl

- and BUN were

significantly (P<0.05) increased in the summer as compared to the winter season

(15.28±1.71 vs.10.44±1.30, 35.19±0.33 vs. 32.82±0.25, 103.4±10.72 vs.73.04±3.15,

149.5±3.11vs.139.85±0.59, 112.98±2.25 vs.102.27±0.61, 35.0±0.69 vs. 22.0±1.42

respectively) while the level of MCV, MID %, total protein, glucose and Ca2+

decreased

significantly (P<0.05) in the summer as compared to the winter season (46.38±1.43 vs.

55.2±2.22, 7.93±0.54 vs.13.66±1.25, 6.66±0.48 vs.10.19±0.37, 27.841±1.38 vs.

56.83±3.73, 0.62±0.04 vs.1.27±0.01respectively). Therefore, the present study concluded

that the Surti buffaloes were under heat stress as revealed by significant increase in Na+,

Cl- and BUN and decrease in the total protein and glucose.

CCSB 18 Effect of seasons on the blood physiology of cross-bred cattle in Kashmir

Iqbal Saleem

Division of Veterinary Physiology, SKUAST of Kashmir, Srinagar, J & K

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A study was conducted to find out the haematological profile of 8 crossbred lactating

cattle during different seasons of the year. Blood samples were collected from jugular

vein of 8 crossbred lactating cattle in Autumn (n=48), Winter (n=48), Spring (n=48), and

Summer (n=48), maintained at Cattle Research Station, Mansbal Kashmir.

Haematological values of each cow were determined. Comparisons of haematological

values between seasons were performed. The results revealed the following information:

significant seasonal variations in haematological profile were recorded. The overall

group mean (OGM) of Hb, TEC and Plasma Urea Nitrogen were found to be

significantly higher (p<0.01) during summer whereas the PCV showed higher (p<0.01)

during winter. It was also found that there was no significant effect of seasons on TLC

and total protein.

CCSB 19 Influence of season on oxidative status of Bhadawari buffalo semen and their

correlation with seminal plasma proteins

Sharma Lokesh, Pandey Vijay, Nigam Rajesh, Singh Pawanjit, Saxena Atul, and

Swain Dilip

Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, DUVASU,

Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was designed to investigate the influence of season on oxidative status

and their correlation with seminal plasma proteins of Bhadawari buffalo bulls. Six

sexually mature Bhadawari buffalo bulls having age of 2-4 years were used as semen

donor. The study was divided into three season viz. July to September, December to

February and April to June (S3). Six ejaculates from each bull were collected in each

season in morning hours using artificial vagina. Immediately after collection, semen

characteristics (volume of each ejaculate, sperm concentration, mass motility,

progressive motility, live-dead percentage, HOST percentage, and percent acrosomal

integrity) were determined in the neat semen. Simultaneously, another part of neat semen

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was centrifuged for harvesting the seminal plasma. The influence of season on oxidative

status was measured by estimating the level of MDA, catalase and SOD activity in

seminal plasma. The results of this study showed significant seasonal influence on level

of total protein and SOD activity in seminal plasma of buffalo bulls. The peak values of

these biochemical attributes were observed in summer season as compared to other

season of the year. The results of Pearson correlation between protein fraction and

oxidative status revealed that MDA values exhibited negative correlation with 70 and 72

kDa proteins while positive correlation with 86 kDa protein. The Catalase activity of

seminal plasma revealed positive correlation with 70 kDa and negative correlation with

86 kDa proteins and SOD activity showed positive correlation with 24.5, 70 and 72 kDa

proteins. It can be concluded from the study that season significantly influences the

semen quality by affecting the oxidative status and differential expression of seminal

plasma proteins of Bhadawari buffalo bull semen.

CCSB 20 Influence of highland alpine pasture migration on growth and production

performances of crossbred growing lambs


North Temperate Regional Station, Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Garsa (via-Bhuntar), Kullu

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Migration of sheep to highland pasture is a conventional system of sheep rearing in

Himalayan region of India. The present study was under taken to evaluate the effect of

highland alpine pasture migration on the growth trends throughout the year, wool yield

and wool quality of growing migratory and non-migratory animals having 75% exotic

blood. A total of 52 inter crosses lambs of about 2 months age were sent for migration on

foot from farm location (1200 meters altitude) to alpine pasture (3700 meters altitude) of

Lahaul & Spiti region of H.P. for 4 months (from mid-May 2012 to mid-September

2012) under natural conditions rearing only by grazing, and thereafter at institute farm

under semi-intensive management, to evaluate the growth performances in comparison to

institute control lambs (21 nos.) reared under semi-intensive management conditions i.e.

8 hours grazing and @400g/animal/day concentrate supplementation. Body weight of all

the migratory and non-migratory animals was recorded at the beginning of the

experiment, at regular monthly intervals during migration and post migration period up

to one year of age. The wool yield of each animal was recorded and wool samples were

collected for analysis of quality parameters. The results showed that the average body

weight gain of migratory growing female flock was exceptionally higher (12.58 Kg) at

the end of 4 months migration period as compared to control group animals (6.85 kg).

All the migratory animals returned back from alpine pasture to farm location within 7-8

days on foot journey and due to walking stress 2.59 kg average body weight loss was

recorded, however, the growth trend during the study period was always recorded to be

higher in migratory animals and at the end of study average body weight of migratory

lambs was significantly higher (31.40 kg) as compared to non-migratory control animals

(29.48 kg). Also, the significant effect of migration was observed on the wool yield and

staple length in migratory animals. Therefore, it can be concluded that high altitude

alpine pasture migration is a sustainable and economic method of sheep husbandry under

Himalayan conditions for better production performances of sheep.

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CRRP 01 Deciphering the electrocardiogram of healthy Ganjam goats of India

Mohapatra S., Das D., Pradhan R.R., Panda D., Panda B.S.K., Priyadarsini L.,

Mahapatra A.P.K. and Kundu A.K.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Orissa

University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The inception of Electrocardiogram (ECG) revolutionized the field of diagnostic

cardiology. Ganjam goat is one of the twenty-two recognized goat breeds of India and it

is found in the southern parts of the Ganjam district of Odisha, India and regions

bordering Andhra Pradesh, India. Male Ganjam goats (49 in number) hovering around

the age groups of 1 to 3 years were considered for the study. A 12-lead standard ECG

recorder, Cardiart 108 T- MK VII- BPL was used. The ECG machine was set with a

paper speed of 25mm/sec and sensitivity of 1 (1 cm= 1mv) with the filter (50 Hz) turned

“on” and the ECG was recorded in the standing position. The anterolateral aspect, just

below the elbow and stifle joint were the preferred sites of attachment of crocodile clips

and the ECG tracings were taken in three bipolar standard leads (Lead I,II and III) and

the three augmented unipolar limb leads (aVR, aVL and aVF). The mean ± Standard

Error values were calculated using Microsoft excel 2007. Taking the different ECG

values of all the leads into consideration, the amplitude of P wave ranged from 0.04 mV

to 0.15 mV while the P wave in the lead aVR was found to be inverted in all the cases

and the mean value was measured to be 0.1 ± 0.02 mV. The duration of P wave ranged

from 0.02 to 0.06 sec. The R wave amplitude ranged from 0.35 mV to 0.8 mV and the

maximum numbers of upright R waves were traced in Lead II, III and aVF while Lead I

and aVL showed inverted R wave in all the cases. The amplitude of T wave ranged from

0.1 to 0.3 mV. The P-R interval ranged from 0.04 to 0.30 sec. The QT interval varied

between 0.18 and 0.36 sec while the R-R interval ranged from 0.44 to 0.84 sec. The heart

rate varied from 80 to 130 beats per minute. The study may be used as a standard

reference by the field veterinarians.

CRRP 02 Comparative effects of Propofol and Xyalzine-ketamine anaesthesia on

cardiovascular and respiratory system in Goats

Yadav Mrigakshi, Rastogi S.K., Huozha R., Manjari P., Das A. K. and Kumar Sudhir


GBPUAT, Pantnagar, UK

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The comparative effect of propofol (@4mg/kg body weight, intravenously) and xylazine-

ketamine (xylazine @ 0.05mg/kg body weight, intravenously followed by ketamine @

4mg/kg body weight, intravenously) on electrocardiography, oxyhemoglobin saturation

and respiratory rate were assessed in 12 clinically healthy (LocalXBarbari) adult female

goats (6 animals in each group), aged 2-4 years, weighing 23.66 ± 2.22 kg. After

propofol and xylazine-ketamine administration respiratory rate and oxyhemoglobin

(HbO2) saturation decreased while all ECG parameters increased except QRS interval

which did not change. Oxyhemoglobin saturation remained within the normal

physiological limits after xylazine-ketamine administration. Propofol produced

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favourable effects on R and T wave amplitudes and heart rate but xylazine-ketamine

exerted more effective anaesthetic effects on respiratory rate, HbO2 saturation, P wave

amplitude, PR and QT intervals. Electrocardiographic changes were reflected in

anaesthetic action and it was concluded that xylazine-ketamine combination would be a

safer and better choice over propofol in goats.

CRRP 03 A study on evaluation of certain excretory metabolites in blood serum and

urine of cows and buffaloes

Kakde S. P., Korde J. P., Jagtap D. G., Bahiram K. B. and Lad P. N.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was undertaken on 20 healthy lactating Holstein Friesian cows and

Murrah buffaloes each, at private dairy farm in the month of April, 2013. They were

maintained at standard managerial and feeding practices. Blood serum and urine samples

were collected twice on two alternate days (collection I and II) from both cows and

buffaloes on separate days and were analyzed for urea, creatinine, inorganic phosphorus

and chloride concentration. The Temperature Humidity Index during collection I and II

was 78.84 and 81.25, respectively. The mean value of serum creatinine in cows differ

significantly (P<0.05) between collection I (113.54±2.93 µmol/l) and II (116.60±2.94

µmol/l). Similarly in buffaloes also the mean value of serum creatinine differ

significantly (P<0.05) between collection I (110.10±2.20 µmol/l) and II (113.93±2.31

µmol/l). The pooled mean value of serum phosphorus concentration was significantly

(P<0.05) higher in buffaloes (2.10±0.09 mmol/l) than in cows (1.69±0.09 mmol/l). The

concentration of urea in urine was observed significantly (P<0.05) higher in buffaloes

(5.99±0.10 g/l) than that in cows (5.19±0.05 g/l). The serum creatinine concentration

significantly increased with increased thermal stress both on cows and buffaloes as

indicated by high THI. The correlation studies do not revealed any significant

relationship between serum and urine metabolites with milk yield.

CRRP 04 Diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation in a dog

Mohapatra Swagat, Mahapatra A.P.K., Das D., Pradhan R.R., Swain P.S. and Kundu

A.K.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Orissa

University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A five year old female Saint Bernard dog was brought to the Teaching Veterinary

Clinical complex, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, O.U.A.T.,

Bhubaneswar, Odisha as outdoor patient for treatment. The dog was showing symptoms

of exercise intolerance since the last 15 days. There was also water logging in the

abdomen. Tapping the abdomen was producing a dull flat noise. Liver function tests and

kidney function tests were normal. The Lead-II ECG (set with a paper speed of

25mm/sec, sensitivity 1 cm = 1 mV and the 50 Hz filter of the ECG “on”) of the dog was

recorded before treatment. The P wave was found to be absent in the ECG and the QRS

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waves were irregularly spaced which are the characteristics signs of atrial fibrillation.

After diagnosis the dog was treated with an ionotropic agent, a beta blocker, an

angiotensin-II blocker and a diuretic for a week. In subsequent weeks of treatment

gradually the dose of the ionotropic agent was lowered. After 4 weeks of treatment the

condition of the dog restored normalcy.

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DPNI 01 Effect of supplementing Mentha piperata and Emblica officinalis on growth

performance of beetal kids.

Poonia J.S, Madan Jyotsana, Sindhu Sonia and Gupta Meenakshi

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary And Animal

Science, Hisar

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Thirty six Beetal kids (3-4 month old) were divided into 3 groups (six females + six males)

each. The kids were browsed four hours daily with adlib concentrate feeding. The groups were

assigned to treatments as T1 - concentrate feed, T2 -98% concentrate feed + 2% Mentha

piperata powder, T3-98% concentrate feed + 2% Emblica officinalis. The percent composition

of concentrate feed mixture was maize (35) barley (35), ground nut cake (18), deoiled

soyabean (9), mineral mixture (2) and salt (1). The trial was conducted for 90 days under

similar conditions. Body weight and feed consumption was recorded at 0, 30, 60, 90 days. No

significant difference was observed on body weight and average daily gain between control

and treatment groups. The effect of sex was found significant on body weights. The average

daily gain of kids was significantly affected by sex of kids for 0-30 days period. Female kids

have lower voluntary feed intake than male kids. As a result they grow slower and are less

efficient in converting feed to live weight gain. The overall feed gain ratio was found 2.83,

5.12, 8.85 and 4.79 in 0-30, 31-60, 61-90 and 0-90 days period, respectively.

DPNI 02 Effect of bypass fat supplementation on blood biochemical responses in heat

stressed goats

Sharma Shikha, Jindal R. and Nayyar S.

Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, COVS, GADVASU, Ludhiana

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Heat stress affects the biochemical status of the animal by activating the hypothalamus-

pituitary-adrenal axis. With the change in climate and ongoing heat stress in the animals,

key strategies are required to ameliorate the effects of heat stress. The present study was

carried out in 15 Beetal goats to study the effects of bypass fat supplementation on blood

biochemical constituents during heat stress. Heat stressed goats were supplemented with

bypass fat @ 10g/day (Treatment group - I) or 20g/day (Treatment group – II). The energy

balance indicators like plasma glucose, cholesterol and total lipid concentration were

significantly (P<0.05) higher in bypass fat supplemented groups. From the study, it was

concluded that, the bypass fat supplementation can ameliorate the adverse effects of heat

stress by improving the energy balance of the animals.

DPNI 03 Effect of supplementing rumen-protected lysine and Methionine on blood in

biochemical’s growing Hariana heifers


Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, DUVASU, Mathura

Uttar Pradesh

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

A trial was conducted for a period of 90 days in growing Hariana heifers. Eighteen heifers

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were randomly distributed into three groups i.e control (C), treatment 1 (T1) and treatment 2

(T2) on body weight basis. All the animals were offered a basal diet comprised of sorghum

fodder, wheat staraw and concentrate mixture to meet their nutrient requirement. Animals in

T1 and T2 group were supplemented with 1 g rumen protected methionine (RPM), 5 g

rumen protected lysine (RPL) and 2 g RPM, 10 g RPL along with basal diet, respectively.

Blood samples were collected at monthly interval. Collected blood samples were analysed

for total blood protein, plasma albumin, total plasma immunoglobulin, blood urea nitrogen

(BUN), plasma creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase

(AST) in blood by standard laboratory procedure. Except BUN and creatinine, other blood

biochemical‟s and liver function enzymes were found similar (P>0.05) in control and

supplemented group. Blood concentration of BUN and creatinine were 18% and 30% lower

(P<0.05) in T1 in comparison to control. It may be concluded from lower BUN and

creatinine concentration that supplementation of protected lysine and methionine decrease

the catabolism of protein and lead to more accretion of protein in the animal body.

DPNI 04 Effect of different rearing systems and supplementation on total protein and

serum albumin of Mecheri lambs


Department of Livestock Production and Management, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal,

Tamil Nadu

___________________________________________________________________________________________

A study was undertaken to assess the levels of total protein and serum albumin of Mecheri

ram lambs under two systems of rearing with two types of supplementation. In the growth

trial, weaned main season lambs (40 animals in five groups of eight lambs each) were raised

under two systems of rearing viz., grazing (T1 -control, T2 -concentrate and T3 -urea

molasses mineral block supplementation) and stall feeding (T4-concentrate and T5-UMMB

supplementation) for a period of 150 days and blood samples were collected at 30, 60, 90,

120 and 150 days of experiment. The results indicated that, there was no significant

difference in the total protein values between the treatment groups until 120 days of the

experiment. However, significant (P< 0.05) difference was noticed at 150 days of the

experiment. Highest value (6.62 ± 0.59 g/dl) was reported for T3 group followed by T2, T1,

T4 and lowest value was reported in T5 group. Grazing groups T2 and T3 had higher total

protein, indicating the usefulness of supplementation with concentrate ration and UMMB.

There was no significant difference between the grazing and stall fed groups. Total protein

levels increased from the beginning to the end of the experiment in grazing groups with

supplementation (T2 and T3). But in the other groups, there was a decrease in total protein in

120 days and 150 days of the experiment. There was no significant difference in serum

albumin values between the groups until the end of the study except at 30 days. This

indicated that serum albumin was not affected due to system of rearing as well as type of

supplement. At 150 days, numerically T3 has the highest value (3.24 ± 0.14 g/dl) followed

by T5, T1, T4 and lowest value was reported in T2 group (2.80 ± 0.20 g/dl).The reduction in

the serum albumin level of at 30 days might be because of the flea infestation encountered in

the stall fed animals, at initial period of experiment.

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DPNI 05 Effect of dietary mineral supplementation on growth, nutrient utilization and

plasma mineral profile in growing Hariana heifers

Gupta Vivek Prasad, Kumar Vinod, Roy Debashis, Prakash Atul and Kumar Muneendra


___________________________________________________________________________________________

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of mineral mixture on growth

performance, nutrient utilization and plasma mineral profile in Hariana heifers (Bos indicus).

Eighteen Hariana heifers were randomly allotted to 3 dietary treatments (G1, G2 and G3)

having 6 animals in each group and feeding trial was continued for period of 60 days.

Feeding regimen was same fed basal ration in all the groups except the animals in the groups

G2 and G3 were additionally supplemented with type 1 and type 2 mineral mixtures

prepared by using dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, salt, iron sulphate, copper

sulphate, zinc sulphate, cobalt chloride, manganese chloride, magnesium sulphate and

potassium iodide and two times more copper sulphate was incorporation in type 2 than type

1. A digestibility trial for a period of 7 days was conducted after 21 days of dietary treatment

to observe the effect of dietary mineral mixture supplementation on nutrient digestibility and

mineral absorption. Heifers were monitored daily for dry matter intake (DMI), however

body weight change was recorded at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of post mineral mixture

supplementation. Similarly, blood samples were collected at fortnightly intervals from each

heifer to measure plasma mineral concentration. During 60 days feeding trial, heifers in G2

and G3 group fed with type 1 and type 2 mineral mixture had higher (p>0.05) absorption

and plasma mineral concentration of Ca, Na, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn. However, feeding of type 1

and type 2 mineral mixtures did not have any effect (P≤0.05) on DMI, body weight gain,

feed conversion efficiency and digestibility of nutrients. In summary, current study showed

that supplementation of type 1 and type 2 mineral mixtures improve plasma mineral level

without affecting nutrient utilization and growth performance.

DPNI 06 Postpartum physiological adaptation in hormones, metabolites and milk

production in crossbred cows fed with prilled fat

Rajesh G, Singh Mahendra, Sehgal J.P., Roy A.K., Pandita Sujata and Singh

Sukhjinderjeet

National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana

___________________________________________________________________________________________

The study investigated the effect of prilled fat supplementation on milk production,

composition, blood metabolites and hormonal profiles. Ten crossbred Karan Fries (KF)

cows were selected from NDRI cattle yard. The cows were divided into two groups

comprising of control and treatment groups. Cows of both the groups were managed and fed

as per the NRC standard. The treatment cows were fed prilled fat @75g/day/animal from

15th day of post-partum up to 7

th fortnight. The DMI, body weight, milk samples and plasma

samples were collected at fortnightly intervals and analyzed. The digestibility trial was

conducted from 60th day of postpartum for a period of 7 days. The digestibility coefficients

of nutrients were calculated. Feeding of prilled fat significantly increased (P<0.05) milk

production by 0.9 kg/day/animal without significantly affecting DMI and plasma hormones

(Ghrelin, Prolactin, GH, Insulin, Cortisol,T3,T4 and Leptin). Prilled fat feeding significantly

increased milk fat (P<0.01), triglycerides (P<0.05) and decreased plasma NEFA (P<0.05)

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and plasma HDL cholesterol concentration (P<0.05). There was no effect on milk

composition except milk fat which was higher (P<0.01) in treatment group. Further the

percent digestibility of DM, OM, CP, T-CHO, EE, NFE and ADF was similar in both the

group except EE which was more in treatment group. The prilled fat feeding also resulted in

earlier resumption of estrous cyclicity, less number of AI per conception and improved

conception rate in treatment group than control. It was concluded that supplementation of

prilled fat in postpartum KF cows significantly increased milk yield, improved reproductive

performance and restricted mobilization of body reserves as indicated by low NEFA without

affecting plasma hormones level.

DPNI 07 Effect of neem oil (as immunomodulator) in the diet of buffalo calves to reduce

their neonatal mortality

Jain Anand Kumar, Singh H. S. and Quadri M. A.

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry,

NDVSU, Jabalpur, MP

___________________________________________________________________________________________

The internal defense of the buffalo calves is a complex phenomina, where the buffalo calves during

first 03 months of life have got poor absorptionof immunoglobulins. To explore the causes of high

buffalo calves mortality, serum total immunoglobulin level is an importantmarker for assessment

of internal defense mechanism. High incidence of buffalo calves mortality and their poor internal

defense are associated with the deficiencies of serum immunoglobulins.The serum levels of total

immunoglobulin‟s estimated using Zinc Sulphate precipitationmethod. The study was aimed at

estimation of serumtotal immunoglobulins in buffalo calves during first 03 months of life.Blood

samples were collected from calves aseptically for total serum immunoglobulin estimation on

precolostral feeding; 06hours post colostral feeding, 1st day, and 2

ndup to 6

th days and weekly up to

91th days. In precolostral fed calves the amount of total immunoglobulinspresent in the sera

samples were meager, which increased significantly (P<0.05) 6hrs after feeding of colostrum. The

levels oftotal immunoglobulins inserumgot increased with age, however the value with greater

intensity were recorded in calves administered the neem oil. The effect of administration of neem

oil enhanced the immunocompetence of buffalo calves and acted as immonobooster.Serum levels

of total immunoglobulins during precolostral feeding were 5.8±0.6mg/ml. On6hrs after feeding of

colostrum, the mean total serumimmunoglobulinsconcentration increased significantly (P<0.05)

from 5.8±0.6to 122±30mg/ml in oral feeding of 10-15 ml of the neem oil in buffalo calves. Thus,

the present investigation reveals that buffalo calves mortality can be reduced to a certain extent

with better management and oral feedingof 10-15 ml of the neem oil daily for three months

DPNI 08 The effects of dietary antibiotic and Coriandrum sativum seed powder

supplementation on immunity, intestine length and organoleptic analysis of

meat in broilers

Chandrakar Khushboo, Mishra O.P., Khan J.R. and Pandey Arvind

Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry,

Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh

___________________________________________________________________________________________

The study was conducted to study the effects of antibiotic; Bacitracin Methylene

Disalicylate (BMD) and Coriandrum sativum seed powder supplementation on broilers

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immunity, intestine length and organoleptic analysis of meat. The experiment Ninety day old

Ven-cobb broiler birds were divided into 3 groups of 30 each. These three groups were fed

the basal diet (Control) or the basal diet supplemented with Bacitracin Methylene

Disalicylate (BMD) as an antibiotic @0.05% in feed (Standard), and the basal diet

supplemented with Coriandrum sativum seed powder @1.5% in feed (Test) for 42 days. The

broiler birds were reared under deep litter system of housing, standard feeding &

management practices were provides to all groups. The result showed that, there were

significant (p≤0.01) elevations of CMI in coriander supplemented broiler birds as measured

by DNFB skin contact sensitization test. The skin thickness index to DNFB at 24 and 48 hrs

were found higher in coriander treated group as compared to control and standard group.

Humoral immunity were also significantly (p<0.01) high in coriander supplemented group

as compared to control and standard group. The length of small intestine was numerically

higher in coriander treated group (215.67 cm) as compared to standard (179.90 cm) and

control (191.67cm) but no significant difference found between them. The broiler meat of

coriander seed powder supplemented group exhibited significantly (p<0.05) higher juiciness

and general acceptance as compared to control and standard group. Colour, flavour and

tenderness were also better in coriander treated group as compare to control and standard

group. So it is concluded that supplementation of 1.5% Corianderum sativum seed powder

could be used as non-classical feed additive in broiler diet.

DPNI 09 Addition of protected fat on rumen fermentation in Mecheri lambs

Selvaraj P., Jayachandran S., Visha P. and Nanjappan K.

Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, TN

___________________________________________________________________________________________

An investigation was carried out to study the effect of protected fat (PF) prepared from

sunflower acid oil on rumen fermentation in Mecheri sheep. Four rumen fistulated lambs were

used in a 4x4 switch-over design. All the four animals were fed individually with sorghum hay

and water was provided ad libitum. Diets were formulated to provide 7.5, 15.0 and 22.5 per cent

of dietary energy through PF. The concentrate mixture (250g) was offered at 09.30h daily.

Initially 15 days of preliminary period was allowed to adapt the animals for the treatment with

concentrate alone without PF for all the animals. The experiment was repeated as per the switch

over design. Rumen liquor was collected from each animal using a mini-suction pump after

mixing the rumen fluid thoroughly in all the corners. Rumen liquor was collected before feeding

(0 h), 2, 4, 6 and 8 h of post-feeding. Feed and water were withdrawn till the 8 h collection was

over. The effect of PF on rumen pH was minimal and a significant difference (P<0.05) existed at

2 h post-feeding in 15.0, 22.5 per cent PF fed rams. Mean rumen protozoa count (x105/ml) also

decreased significantly (P<0.05) at 2 h post-feeding between the three PF-supplemented groups

(9.82, 9.22 and 9.24 respectively) and the control (10.88). Rumen ammonia-nitrogen and

microbial protein levels were not influenced by the addition of PF to rams diet. The total volatile

fatty acids in PF-fed rams did not differ between groups. The percentage of acetate did not show

any change in its concentration but propionate and butyrate levels showed significant (P<0.05)

variation between groups at 8h and 6h post-feeding respectively. The acetate to propionate ratio

was almost similar among the fat supplemented groups. Isobutyrate and isovalerate contents

were similar between treatment groups. But valerate level varied significantly (P<0.01) at 6 h

post-feeding between groups. It is concluded that addition of PF to rams did not have adverse

effects on rumen fermentation.

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DPNI 10 Improved performance and small intestinal development of broiler chickens by

oral putrescine and L-glutamine supplementation

Devipriya K., Selvaraj P., Nanjappan K. and Eswari S.

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Bio-chemistry, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli,

TN

___________________________________________________________________________________________

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Putrescine and L- Glutamine

supplementation on the performance and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A total

of 150 day old chicks were divided into five groups of ten chicks each in three replicates

reared up to 42 days were used for this study. Putrescine and L- Glutamine were orally

supplemented at 0% level as control(T1), Putrescine 0.05% (T2), Putrescine 0.1%(T3),L-

Glutamine 0.5%(T4), and L- Glutamine 1% (T5) from 0 day to 7 days after hatch. On day

14 and day 21, two birds from each replicate were slaughtered and morphometeric indices of

the small intestine were evaluated. Results obtained on day 14 and day 21 showed increased

(P<0.05) average daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and improved body weight in the

putescine 0.05% and glutamine 1% supplemented groups than other treatment and control

groups. On day 14 and 21 days of age, birds fed diets supplemented with 0.05% putrescine

and 1% glutamine had a significantly heavier (P<0.05) duodenum and jejunum relative

weight compared to the control birds. Morphological assays showed that villus height and

width of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were significantly increased (P<0.05) at both second

and third week of age in 0.05% putrescine and 1% L- glutamine fed groups. The results of

this study showed that addition of 0.05% putrescine and 1% L- Glutamine during early life

improved growth performance and small intestinal development in broiler chickens.

DPNI 11 Metabolic heat production and energy exchange in Murrah heifers during

summer and winter

Praveer S.D., Devi Rajni, Singh A.K. and Upadhyay R.C.

National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal

___________________________________________________________________________________________

The metabolic heat production and energy exchange in cattle and buffaloes was measured

during winter and summer. The experimental animals consisted of six Murrah buffaloes of

18-24 months. The expired air was collected in a Douglas bag at one hour interval on the

day of energy exchange measurement. The volume collected in Douglas bag was measured

on wet test meter and CO2, O2 were analyzed on Del sensor Analyzer (Denmark) and

Methane was analyzed on Methane analyzer (Analytical Development Co. UK, ADC).

Methane emission was also measured by keeping animals in a chamber made of

polycarbonate sheet (8‟x8‟x8‟) chamber from which air was exhausted out by pump at fixed

rate and concentration of methane was measured. In Murrah buffaloes the mean heat

production (kcal) per min and the total heat production (kcal) per day were not significantly

different during summer and winter. The heat production per unit metabolic body weight

was less during summer compared to winter but statistically there was no significant

difference. The oxygen consumption was found to be significantly more in summer as

compared to winter. Respiration rate was significantly different (P<0.05) during winter and

summer. The energy loss as methane was more in winter as compared to summer and

methane as energy component of total heat production was more in winter then summer.

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Sensible heat loss through radiation and convection was less in summer. The basal metabolic

rate (kcal/kg0.75

) was significantly different (P<0.05) in Murrah buffaloes during summer

and winter seasons.

DPNI 12 Effect of combination of live yeast, yeast metabolites, surfactant and buffering

agent on the performance of lactating cows

Joshi K.N., Patil M.B., Ramteke B.N., Gadegaonkar G.M. and Karambele N.R.

Department of Animal Nutrition, Bombay Veterinary College, Parel, Mumbai

___________________________________________________________________________________________

The study involved 20 lactating cows (Gir and its crosseswith Jersey and HF), which were

divided into two groups of ten each viz. group I and II. The animals were selected on the

basis of breed, milk yield, stage of lactation and parity. Group I served as control and

received concentrate mixture as per routine practice of the farm. Group II was treatment

group and received mixture containing live yeast, yeast metabolites, surfactant and

buffering agent @35 g/d/ animal over and above the usual concentrate mixture. The trial

lasted for112 days involving two periods of eight weeks. The average daily milk yield and

fat corrected milk yield for the treatment groups was significantly (P≤0.05) higher over the

control group. The average DM, TDN and DCP intake of cows from group II, was

significantly (P≤0.05) higher than that of group I. The efficiency of feed utilization interms

of DM required per kg FCM produced of cows from treatment group was significantly

(P<0.05) higher, however the difference in the efficiency interms of TDN and DCP required

perkg FCM produced was statistically non-significant. The average specific gravity of milk,

percentage SNF content, total solid percentage and milk protein percentage for control and

treatment groups were comparableThe average milk fat percentage was significantly

(P<0.05) higher in treatment group than that of control. The average milk urea nitrogen

values for control and treatment groups were comparable. The overall average SCC of milk

for control group was higher by about 9.7% as compared to that for cows from treatment

group. Lower SCC in treatment group may be attributed to the beneficial role of live

yeast, yeast metabolites, surfactant and buffering agent on health. The digestibility

trialconducted during last week revealed that digestibility coefficients for different nutrients

were higherfor cowsfrom treatment group. The economics of the study revealed that the

profit realized per cow through daily sale of milk in treatment group was more (Rs. 112.87)

comparedto control group (Rs. 107.30).Thus, it can be inferred that better profit margin and

better productivity can be achieved by the use of mixture containing live yeast, yeast

metabolites, surfactant and buffering agent in the diet of lactating cows.

DPNI 13 Comparative efficacy of supplementation of organic manganese on production

performance of broiler chicken

Chatterjee P.N., Biswas P., Pakhira M., Pal K. and Pal Aruna

Department of Animal Nutrition, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Belgachia, Kolkata

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Manganese is involved in some crucial juncture of cell metabolism. But common poultry

feeds remained deficient in this element, which emphasizes its importance in practical

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poultry feeding. To evaluate the efficacy of organic Manganese, 150 day old (BV-400)

Broiler chicks were randomly distributed in five experimental groups (each having two

replicates) as follows: T1, T2 and T3 birds were supplemented with organic-Manganese @

80, 60 and 40 ppm, respectively; other two groups i.e. T4 birds were supplemented with

inorganic-Mn @ 80ppm and T5 birds served as negative control (without Mn

supplementation). All birds were maintained on maize-soyabean based Starter diet (up to

21d) and Finisher diet (up to 38 d) as per BV-400 specification. At the end of 38 days, a

metabolic trial was conducted with randomly selected 10 birds from each group (having 2

replicates each). Blood mineral profile revealed highest Mn content in T1 birds and lowest

in T5 birds; but T2 and T4 did not differ (P≤ 0.05). Bone mineral content was also highest in

T1 followed by T2 and lowest in T5; whereas T3 and T4 birds were alike (P≥ 0.05). Muscle

(fresh basis) mineral analysis revealed positive effect of organic Manganese

supplementation. Cu and Zn content of plasma, bone and muscle remained identical (P≥

0.05) among treatment groups. Feed intake was comparatively higher (P≤ 0.05) in T4 & T5

group. Metabolic study revealed that organic form of Manganese is 3 times more

bioavailable than its inorganic form. Organic manganese has beneficial effect (P≤ 0.05) on

„Feed Conversion Ratio‟ (FCR) of broiler chicks and may reduce the production cost, if can

be incorporated in a justified manner. Metabolic study revealed that supplementation of

organic manganese reduced the excretion of associated trace minerals. So it may be inferred

from the present study that supplementation of organic source of manganese not only

augment the production performance of broiler birds but also make the production system

sustainable by decreasing the environment pollution.

DPNI 14 Effect of area specific mineral mixture supplementation on mineral profile of

anoestrus and prolonged post partum anoestrus crossbred cows

Jana Sonali, Verma M. S., Sharma K. B., Wadhwa D. and Kumar R.

Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, DGCN College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK

HPKV, Palampur

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Macro and micro mineral deficiency in livestock animals can cause reproductive disorders

like anestrous and prolonged post partum anestrous. The present study was conducted to

evaluate macro and micro mineral profile in these animals and assess impact of strategic

mineral mixture supplementation to overcome macro and micro mineral deficiency. A total

of 30 apparently healthy adult cross-bred cows were selected from Livestock Farm of the

University and were divided in three groups i.e Group I Control anestrous animals, Group II

Anestrous animals and Group III Prolonged post partum anestrous animals. Parallel study

was also conducted at field level on 21 animals selected from the nearby villages of

Panchrukhi Block of Kangra District which were also divided in three groups in the same

manner. Strategic mineral mixture supplementation was done in group II and III animals of

both Livestock farm and field whereas group I animals were kept as control. Analysis of

plasma samples revealed a deficiency of macro minerals like sodium, magnesium and

calcium in all the three groups of cows from farm as well as field. After strategic mineral

mixture supplementation increasing trend with significant (p<0.05) increase in average

plasma sodium concentration was observed in group II farm animals and in group II and

group III field animals. Group II and group III field animals showed an increasing trend in

average plasma potassium concentration with significant (p<0.05) increase in group III field

animals. Average plasma calcium, magnesium and phosphorus concentration increased

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significantly (p<0.05) in group II and group III cows of both farm and field. Plasma iron

concentrations were within physiological level in all the three groups of cow in farm as well

as in field. A significant (p<0.05) increase was observed in plasma iron concentration in

group II field animals following strategic mineral mixture supplementation. Plasma copper

deficiency was observed in control group of cows of farm, whereas in cows of all other

groups it was within the physiological range. Plasma zinc concentration was within

physiological range. Significant (p<0.05) increase in average plasma copper and zinc

concentration was observed in group II cows from both farm and field whereas an increasing

trend with non significant increase was observed in group III cows from both farm and field.

The average plasma manganese concentration increased significantly (p<0.05) in both group

II and group III cows in both farm and field after strategic mineral mixture supplementation.

Overall there was significant increase in plasma mineral concentration in animals

supplemented with area specific mineral mixture.

DPNI 15 In-vitro methane production of protein supplements (Brassica juncea, Linum

usitatissimum, Araches hypoges, Glycine max, Gossypium herbaceum, Cyamopsis

teteragonoloba and Sesbania sesban) used in goat feeding

Tripathi M.K., Gupta Bhawna, Tripathi Prabhat, Chaudhary U.B. and Kumar Ravindra

Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Methane is the one of the major greenhouse gas being targeted for reduction under the

Kyoto protocol because accumulation of methane is linked to global warming and have 21

times warming potential than carbon dioxide. Estimation of methane emissions by ruminant

animals is the focus of present research in animal science for the development of methane

prediction models and to device strategies for mitigation of methane emission to reduce

overall methane emissions. Present experiment assessed the potential of methane production

of different protein feeds used in goat feeding. Seven major protein feeds mustard (Brassica

spp.) cake, linseed (Linum usitatissimum) cake, ground nut (Araches hypoges) cake, soybean

(Glycine max) cake, cottonseed (Gossypium herbaceum) cake, guar (Cyamopsis

teteragonoloba) korma and sesbania (Sesbania sesban) grains were evaluated for their

methane production potential in goats. In-vitro gas production test was performed for 24h

fermentation using incubation medium. Metabolisable energy content of feeds was

determined following the mathematical model. Methane was estimated by Gas

Chromatograph (PerkinElmer). Methane was converted from volume to weight using

molecular mass of methane and methane energy loss was estimated. Fermentation gas and

methane production characteristics differed significantly (p<0.005) among test feed

resource. Total 24 h gas production varied from 77 to 204 ml, IVDMD from 53 to 84 %,

methane percent in gas mixture ranged from 12 to 18 %, while methane production ranged

from 13 to 30 ml/g DM, 24 to 35 ml/ g digestible DM, this corresponded from 9.1 to 21.9 g

and 17.0 to 25.4 g for each kg DM and digestible DM of feed. Methane energy loss was 797

to 1216 kJ/ kg feed DM intake. Among the protein feeds mustard cake and sesbania grains

produced highest gas and methane per unit of organic matter fermented. Therefore, different

feed resources have varying methane production levels in ruminants.

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DPNI 16 Methane production of potential of wheat Straw (Triticum aestivum) based

feeding system with whole goat rumen flora in-vitro.

Tripathi M. K., Tripathi Prabhat, Gupta Bhawna, Chaudhary U.B. and Kumar Ravindra

Central Institute for Research on Goat, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Methane emitted by ruminants contribute 20% of agricultural emissions to global methane

emissions and therefore global warming, methane emission from rumen ecosystem during

enteric fermentation making a loss of fed energy, which could be used for productive

purposes. Enteric methane production in rumen is an energy wasteful process causing

energy losses from 6 to 12 % depending on the type of diet and level of feeding and each

gram of methane production causing 55.65kJ energy loss. Present experiment assessed the

potential of methane production on wheat straw based feeding system under in-vitro

fermentation using whole goat rumen flora. In-vitro gas production tests were performed for

24h fermentation using incubation medium with substrates simulated to have different goat

systems in the country.Methane was estimated by Gas Chromatograph (PerkinElmer).

Methane was converted from volume to weight using molecular mass of methane and

methane energy loss was estimated. Goat production system in India largely under four

feeding and management systems that employs only roughage bases feeding or grazing on

crop harvested fields making highly extensive system, straw feeding with little concentrate/

kitchen waste (R:C, 70:30) also an extensive system, straw plus concentrate (R:C 50:50)

semi-intensive and intensive system (R:C, 30:70). Wheat straw based feeding system did not

reduce methane production levels with increasing nutrient densities of the diet. The methane

production ranged from 13.1 g to 22.9 g for each kg substrate dry matter, which increased

from 27.3 to 45.8 g for each kg substrate fermented. Gas and methane production increased

(p<0.05) with increasing concentrate feeding on wheat straw based feeding system, although

proportion of methane remained similar (p=.0128) in total fermentative gases, however

increased digestibility of dry matter produced more total gas their by cumulative methane

production on unit substrate DM fermented was increased. Similarly, energy loss was also

increased (p<0.05) with increasing concentrate levels in the diet. Therefore, it is concluded

that wheat straw based feeding from extensive to intensive system did not change the

methane emission pattern in goats.

DPNI 17 Nutritional manipulation in ram lambs and its impact on growth performance

under temperate climate of Himachal Pradesh


North Temperate Regional Station, Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Garsa (via-Bhuntar), Kullu, H. P.

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Under the temperate conditions nutritional inadequacies both in terms of quantity and

quality, greatly affect productive efficiency in farm animals. The present study was

undertaken to evaluate the effect of different concentrate supplementations and fodder under

intensive and routine semi-intensive management of institute flock of growing ram lambs

from 3 to 6 months age under temperate climatic conditions of Himachal Pradesh. A total of

58 weaner ram lambs (3 months age) were randomly selected and distributed in three groups

with initial 3 months body weights of 17.50 kg, 17.20 kg and 17.70 kg in Group-I (n=33),

group-II (n=15) and Group-III (n=10), respectively. Ram lambs of G-I were kept under

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routine standard semi-intensive managemental practices of 8 hours grazing and offered 400g

conc./animal/day, whereas G-II and G-III animals were offered ad lib fodder with 600 g

conc./animal/day and ad lib concentrate/animal/day in two groups respectively up to 6

months of age under intensive management. Body weight of all the animals was recorded at

the beginning of the experiment and at regular weekly intervals. The results revealed that ad

lib fed lambs in Group-III achieved significantly higher growth rate (200 gm ADG) as

compared to lambs in Group-II (144 gm ADG) and semi-intensive control group (105 gm

ADG). At the end of experiment 6 months, the body weight was recorded as 27.01±0.70 kg,

30.20±1.20kg and 35.70±1.01kg in G-I, G-II and G-III, respectively. Therefore, it can be

concluded that concentrate supplementation along with fodder in growing ram lambs can

improve the growth performances under intensive management at temperate region of HP.

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RIRT 01 In-Vitro fertility tests in Murrah Buffalo bulls

Shivahre P. R., Gupta A. K., Panmei A., Yadav B. R., Bhakat M., Mohanty T. K.,

Kumaresan A., Chakravarty A. K., Rajak S., Kumar S. and Kumar A.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

Assessment of in vivo fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa become challenging as it is

influenced not only by semen-related factors but also by female fertility and by many

other factors that may or may not be determined. Functional sperm quality evaluation

based on functional status of sperm organelles (acrosome) or the integrity of cellular

components (membranes, chromatin),have been gaining importance during the last

decades, since conventional techniques have not been able to accurately estimate the

fertility of spermatozoa. Therefore, the present study was carried out on 12 Murrah

buffalo bulls with 73 ejaculates maintained at Artificial Breeding Research Centre,

NDRI, Karnal, India with an objective to assess in vitro fertility of bulls based on

conventional and fluorescent techniques. The average ejaculate volume (ml), mass

activity, individual motility (%), sperm concentration (millions/ ml), live sperm (%),

total abnormalities (%), HOST (%) and acrosomal integrity (%) were 2.70+0.28,

2.8+0.14, 63.8+2.16, 1749.7+122.24, 77.3+2.48, 6.2+0.51, 75.1+1.81 and 84.5,+2.26,

respectively. The repeatability estimates were significant (p<0.05) for ejaculate volume

(0.34),acrosomal integrity (0.29) and live percent (0.28), indicating sufficient bull to bull

variation for these characteristics. The averages of seminal attributes of fluorescent

based criteria of CMA3 (Chromomycin A3), SYBR-PI and FITC-PNA (Fluorescent

isothiocynate-conjugated peanut agglutinin) were 5.25+0.41, 67.91+1.24, 82.00+1.25

percent, respectively. Bulls were ranked on the basis of Expected Producing Ability

(semen quality) for conventional semen characteristics and average characteristics

assessed by fluorescent criteria. Rank correlations were found to be significant for FITC

with most of parameters evaluated by conventional methods. Overall amongst

conventional criteria, individual motility (%) revealed ranking of bulls almost similar to

that of fluorescent criteria.

RIRT 02 Growth factors in caprine oocyte maturation In Vitro

Pavana Shree U. S., Nandi S., Gupta P. S. P. , Girish Kumar V. and Chandrsekara

Murthy V.

College of Veterinary Sciences, KVAFSU, Bangalore campus, Hebbal, Bangalore

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was undertaken to study the effect of growth factors on in vitro

maturation of goat oocytes in vitro. Ovaries were obtained from a local slaughterhouse.

Follicular cumulus-enclosed goat oocytes were matured in vitro in the presence of

growth factors GDF-9[0,10,20,30 ng/ml], bFGF[0,10,20,30 ng/ml] and a combined level

[GDF-9-30ng/ml+bFGF20ng/ml] for 24 hrs. After in vitro maturation, oocytes were

evaluated for protein, calcium and phosphorus concentrations. Maturation rates was not

significantly (p≤0.05) different in oocytes cultured in control media or in media

containing GDF-9 or bFGF levels at 10ng and 20ng/ml. Maturation rate was

significantly higher (p˂0.05) in oocytes cultured in media containing GDF-9 and bFGF

levels at 30 and 20 ng/ml respectively. Maturation rates of oocytes cultured in media

containing GDF-9 (30 ng/ml) and bFGF (20 ng/ml) were 80.16±1.53 80.04±0.98. No

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significant difference was observed among the control and GDF-9 or bFGF treated

groups. The total protein, calcium and phosphorus levels, the biochemical indicators of

oocyte maturations were also significantly higher in oocytes treated with GDF-9 at

30ng/ml and FGF at 20 ng/ml levels compared to other groups. Viability rates were

approximately 95% after maturation in all treated groups. In conclusion, GDF-9 at

30ng/ml and FGF at 20 ng/ml improved oocyte maturation. This study may pave way for

better understanding the mechanism of oocyte growth/ maturation.

RIRT 03 Effect of season on quality of Mithun (Bos frontalis) semen

Baruah K. K., Mondal M., Dhali A., Bora B. and Rajkhowa C.

National Research Centre on Mithun, Jharnapani, Medziphema, Nagaland

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Mithun (Bos frontalis), a rare species is found in South East Asia. In India it is found in

Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur and Mizoram. Mithun plays an important role in

the socio-economic life of the tribal populations of the North-East States. Under the

traditional free-range rearing system, Mithun cows are bred by the bulls available in

the herd, resulting genetically inferior herd and crossbreeding with other bovine species

resulted decline in quality germplasm. Therefore, it is required to breed females with the

semen of the bulls of superior genetic merits. This can be achieved easily through the

artificial insemination (AI) with preserved semen. But there are certain inherent

problems like semen quality, poor freezability etc which hindrances the attaining of

breeding goal. Semen quality can be influenced by season and it has been observed in

many species except in mithun. Considering the importance of it, we assessed the effect

of season on the quality of Mithun semen. The study was conducted during winter

(November - February) and Pre-monsoon (March - Jun). The average maximum and

minimum ambient temperature (°C) and relative humidity (%) were found 24.3 and 30.7

(P<0.05), 11.9 and 22.6 (P<0.05), and 77.9 and 75.7, respectively during winter and pre-

monsoon. Semen samples were evaluated for volume, sperm concentration and mass

activity Moreover; we also preserved the samples after extending in tris–egg yolk

diluent in both the seasons at 4°C for 36 h, as quality is also linked to the ability of

sperm to withstand cooling process at refrigeration temperature. It was observed that the

semen quality did not differ between the seasons. Therefore, good semen samples can be

collected from Mithun bulls during winter and pre-monsoon for preservation and

insemination.

RIRT 04 Effect of growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) and basic-fibroblast

growth factor (bFGF) on in vitro fertilization and subsequent development

of goat oocytes

Gupta P. S. P., Nandi S., Pavana Shree U. S., Dhali A. and Girish Kumar V.

National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bangalore

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Supplementation of oocyte secreting factors during the short window of oocyte maturation

appears to have a profound effect on development of the oocyte and oocyte survival. The

present study was undertaken to study the effect of growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9)

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and basic-fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on in vitro fertilization and subsequent embryo

development of goat oocytes of <136 µm size. Viable oocytes were cultured at 38.5°C with

5% CO2 in air in the presence of growth factors: (GDF-9) [0, 10, 20, and 30 ng/ml] or bFGF

[0, 10, 20, 30 ng/ml] in medium for 24 hours. The matured oocytes were in vitro inseminated

and the fertilization and cleavage rates were examined. Fertilization rate, 2-4 cell stage

embryo yield and morula / blastocyst yield were significantly higher (P<0.05) in oocytes

when cultured with GDF-9 @ 30ng/ml among different doses tested. They were 58.4 %,

47.6% and 22.6%, respectively. Similarly, the highest rates were obtained with bFGF @

20ng/ml. The rates of yield were 55.7 %, 47.4% and 20.1%, respectively. Embryo yield

rates were significantly higher when both growth factors were supplemented in comparison

to a single growth factor. Fertilization rate, 2-4 cell stage embryo yield and morula /

blastocyst yields were 66.13 %, 50.25% and 27.8%, respectively, when the oocytes were

cultured in media containing both GDF-9 (30ng/ml) and bFGF(20ng/ml). In conclusion,

GDF-9 at 30ng/ml and FGF at 20 ng / ml improved oocyte fertilization and embryo

development.

RIRT 05 Conception rate in crossbred cows following ovsynch and double PGF2α

protocol

Shakkarpude Jyotsana, Jain Archana, Dixit N. K. and Shrivastava P. N.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science & A. H., Mhow, NDVSU, Jabalpur

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Estrous synchronization is the manipulation of the reproductive process so that females can

be bred with normal fertility during a short, predefined interval. This control facilitates

breeding in two important ways: it reduces, and in some cases eliminates, the labor of

detecting estrus (heat), and it allows the producer to schedule the breeding. If the majority of

a herd can be induced to exhibit estrus at about the same time, the producer can arrange for a

few days of intensive insemination. Although the total amount of labor involved with

insemination may not be reduced, it is concentrated into a shorter period. Other advantages

of estrous synchronization include creating a more uniform calf crop, enabling more cows to

be artificially inseminated (AI) to a genetically superior bull and reducing the length of the

breeding season. Ovsynch is one of the most “classical” and widely known systems. The

protocol consists of two injections of a GnRH analogue separated by a single administration

of PGF2α. The present study was therefore, undertaken to compare the efficacy of Ovsynch

protocol and double PGF2α protocol, given 11 days apart on estrus synchronization and

fertility response in non-inseminated, non-pregnant, anestrus (Pre-service or post service) or

repeat breeders crossbred cows. The Ovsynch protocol is also capable of inducing ovulation

in cows that had not resumed estrus cyclicity at the time of synchronization. Present

investigation reveals that Ovsynch protocol is more efficient than Double PGF2α protocol in

crossbred cows.

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RIRT 06 Effect of different progesterone preparations on plasma progesterone and

estadiol profile in postpartum anestrus buffaloes

Jayachandran S., Visha P., Selvaraj P., Nanjappan K. and Thavasiappan V.

Dept. of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu

Tamilnadu

_______________________________________________________________________________________

An investigation was carried out to study the progesterone and estradiol hormone level

in postpartum anestrus buffaloes using different progesterone preparations (Controlled

Internal Drug Release [CIDR], progesterone depot) and intravaginal progesterone

sponges designed in this laboratory. Healthy she buffaloes (43 Nos., in 2nd

to 4th parity,

did not express estrus signs for more than 5 months post partum) having smooth ovaries

with no palpable structures by rectal examination done twice at 10 days interval were

confirmed as true anesrus. These animals were maintained on grazing for 3-4 hours per

day and supplemented with mixed ration of paddy straw, dried jowar, greens along with

little concentrate feed. The selected animals were divided into four groups namely,

group I (10 Nos., CIDR), group II (10 Nos., CIDR + GnRH), group III (10 Nos.,

Progesterone impregnated intravaginal sponge) and group IV (10 Nos., Progesterone

depot injection). The CIDR and intravaginal sponges were retained in the vagina for 9

days and manually removed on 10th day in respective groups. In addition, the group II

animals received 5 ml of GnRH at the time of AI. The group IV animals were injected

with 500 mg hydroxyprogesterone caproate i.m. twice at 10 days interval. Ten numbers

of regular cycling buffaloes maintained at similar management and feeding conditions

were selected to serve as control. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein before

the initiation of treatment as well as on the day of estrus, day 10 and day 21 post estrus

in treatment and control groups for the analysis of progesterone and estradiol hormone

level in plasma. It was observed that the plasma progesterone level was ranged between

0.24 and 0.39 ng/ml before treatment as well as at estrus in all the groups. Subsequently

the level rose to between 3.59 and 4.29 ng/ml on day 10 of estrous cycle in all the

groups, which indicated the active state of corpus luteum. On day 21, the level remained

elevated in the pregnant animals indicating the continuation of life of corpus luteum.

The progesterone level in non-pregnant animals in all the groups returned to basal level

on day 21 and is similar to day 0 value of the cycle. There was no significant variation in

the progesterone level between groups at different days of estrous cycle. The mean

estradiol level before inducing ovarian activity was between 8.70 and 12.66 pg/ml in all

the groups. The estradiol level was elevated to between 21.36 and 29.39 pg/ml on the

day of estrus in all the groups. On day 10 of estrous cycle, the level ranged between

10.88 and 15.77 pg/ml. On day 21, the animals that conceived had estradiol level similar

to the level on day 10 of estrous cycle. The non-pregnant animals showed estradiol value

as that of previous estrus which indicated resumption of ovarian cyclicity for next cycle.

However, no significant difference was noticed between groups during different days of

estrous cycle. The observations of the present study indicated that the anestrus buffaloes

responded well to the progesterone treatment and was comparable to regular cyclic

animals.

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RIRT 07 Effects of Tinospora cordifolia supplementation on semen quality and

hormonal profile in rams

Jayaganthan P., Perumal P., Balamurugan T.C., Verma R.P., Singh L.P., Pattanaik

A.K. and Kataria Meena

Division of Animal Reproduction, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of dietary supplementation of

Tinospora cordifolia on physico-morphological, biochemical, antioxidant profiles and

serum testosterone concentration in Muzzafarnagari rams. Twelve rams were randomly

divided into two groups, control (n = 6) and supplemental (n = 6) group. The control

group was fed with a diet satisfying NRC recommendations whereas the supplemental

group was fed with T. cordifolia at the rate of 1g/Kg body weight for 6 months. The

semen samples were collected 60 days post-feeding. The result revealed that T.

cordifolia supplementation did not have a significant effect on physico-morphological,

biochemical attributes of semen and serum testosterone concentrations in rams. The

concentration of cholesterol, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were, however,

increased (P< 0.05) in seminal plasma. It was concluded that the possible protective

effects of T. cordifolia supplementation were enhancing antioxidant enzymes and

cholesterol concentrations in semen which may be protected the spermatozoa during

cryopreservation and thus enhancing fertility in farm animals.

RIRT 08 Maturation timing and fetal bovine serum concentration for developmental

potential of sheep oocytes in vitro

Mishra Ashish, Gupta P. S. P., Sejian V., Reddy I. J. and Ravindra J. P.

Animal Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore

_______________________________________________________________________________________

An oocyte must undergo both cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation for successful

embryonic development. Serum is a combination of proteins, fatty acids, vitamins,

hormones, growth factors etc. and an essential supplementation of in vitro media. The

present study was conducted in vitro to assess the maturation duration of sheep oocytes

as well as to observe the developmental potential of oocytes in different concentrations

of fetal bovine serum (FBS). Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were aspirated from

follicles (2-6mm) of ovaries collected from local slaughter house into the aspiration

medium (TCM-199+ FBS+ BSA). Oocytes with homogenous cytoplasm and compact

cumulus were selected and randomly divided into two groups and matured at 38.5oC, 5%

CO2 for 24 h (Group I) and for 27 h (Group II). Maturation rate was assessed based on

the degree of cumulus expansion and extrusion of polar body by aceto-orcein staining

method. It was observed that maturation percentage (82% vs 76%) was significantly

more in oocytes matured for 27 h than 24 h. In the second experiment oocytes were

selected and randomly divided into two groups and matured with 10%FBS (Group I) and

20% FBS (Group II) supplemented with pyruvate, glutamine and FSH. After maturation,

oocytes were fertilized in vitro by fresh semen for 18 h. Presumptive zygotes in both the

groups were again divided in to two groups and cultured in 10% FBS and 20%FBS

respectively. It was observed that supplementation of 10% FBS and 20% FBS in

maturation medium did not influence maturation percentage (82% vs 79%) significantly.

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Out of four culture groups, presumptive zygotes matured in 20% FBS and cultured in

20%FBS showed significant increase in cleavage percentage (44% vs 39%, 35%, 27%)

as compared to other three groups but subsequent development to morula (83% vs 80%,

71%, 55%) and blastocyst (24% vs 22%, 21%,18%) percentage were more in the group

matured in 10% FBS and cultured in 20%FBS. In this study cleavage percentage was

calculated from the number of oocytes fertilized where as morula and blastocysts

percentage were calculated from the number of embryos cleaved.

RIRT 09 Study on impact of different hormonal protocols used for induction of estrus

and fertility in buffaloes under field conditions in Haryana

Vikash, Virmani Meenakshi, Malik R.K. and Bamel P.S.

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Sciences, LLRUVAS, Hisar

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The aim of the study was to test the efficacy of different hormonal protocols for

induction of estrus and fertility in buffaloes. Impact of the hormonal preparations used

by the field veterinarians to treat a total of 1467 buffaloes with history of anestrus and

infertility belonging to different agro-climatic zones of Haryana was analyzed during the

period of study. The data of treated buffaloes so obtained was divided into four major

groups depending upon the treatment protocol used, viz., CIDR group (n=729), GnRH

group (n=300), PG group (n=395) and miscellaneous group (n=43). The CIDR group

animals were further subdivided into CIDR alone, CIDR-PMSG, CIDR-PG, CIDR-

GnRH-PG and CIDR-GnRH FT AI subgroups. GnRH group animals were subdivided

into GnRH alone, GnRH-PG and GnRH-PG-GnRH protocols. PG group animals were

categorized into PG single and PG double subgroups. Miscellaneous group animals were

treated with either hCG alone or PMSG alone. The overall estrus induction rate of

animals treated with CIDR protocols, GnRH protocols, PG protocols and miscellaneous

protocols were 93.50%, 86.00%, 89.30% and 88.30% respectively. Out of animals that

expressed estrus, 69.50%, 67.00%, 61.70% and 68.42% animals respectively for all the

four treatment groups were conceived at 1st induced service and 5.70%, 4.00%, 8.70%

and 0.00% respectively treated animals conceived at 2nd

service respectively. It can be

concluded that by use GnRH and PGF2α in combination with Progesterone based CIDR

protocol subsequently improves the estrus induction and pregnancy rates in buffaloes

under field conditions.

RIRT 10 Development of soy based extender with optimum osmolality to improve

semen quality in Murrah bulls

Bishist R., Raina V.S., Bhakat M., Gupta A.K., Mohanty T.K. and Rao T.K.S.

Artificial Breeding Research Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A study was conducted at Artificial Breeding Research Centre, NDRI, Karnal to assess

the effect of different osmolality levels (240, 260, 280 and 300mosmol/kg) of soy based

extender on quality of Murrah buffalo bulls ejaculates preserved at refrigerator and

frozen (-1960C) temperature. A comparative performance of buffalo semen extended in

soy based diluents with different osmolalities was studied for its preservability at

refrigerator (50C) and ultralow temperature (-196

0C). Results of the present study

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demonstrated that at refrigerator temperature up to 72 h overall sperm motility, non

eosinophilic count, HOST and intact acrosome values were significantly (p<0.05)

higher; and head, mid piece and tail sperm abnormalities were significantly (p<0.05)

lower in extender with osmolality 260mosmol/kg followed by the extenders with

240mosmol/kg. Similarly, after cryopreservation overall post thaw sperm motility, non

eosinophilic count, HOST and intact acrosome values were significantly higher; and

head, mid piece, tail and total sperm abnormalities were significantly lower in extender

with osmolality 260mosmol/kg followed by 240mosmol/kg. Therefore, it can be

concluded that osmolality of soy based extender should be kept around 260mosmol/kg

for maintaining optimum quality of buffalo semen preserved at refrigerator (50C) as well

as ultra-low temperature (-1960C).

RIRT 11 Optimization of Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid concentration in Buck

semen dilutor

Gangwar Chetna, Ranjan R., Kharche S. D., Kumar Satish, Goel A. K.,

Ramachandran N., Jindal S. K. and Agrawal S. K.

Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, UP

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A total of thirty five ejaculates from adult Sirohi bucks (2-4 years old) maintained at this

Institute under semi intensive management system were utilized for the present study to

find out the freezability of buck semen at different levels of ethelene diamine tetra acetic

acid (EDTA: 0%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4%) by conventional method of freezing. The

ejaculates were collected twice at weekly intervals using artificial vagina and were

extended to maintain sperms concentration approximately 100 million per dose (0.25

ml) with Tris- Citric acid- Fructose (TCF) diluent having 10% (v/v) egg yolk and 6%

(v/v) glycerol as cryo protecting agent. Filling and sealing of straws were done at 5ºC in

cold handing cabinet after 4 h of equilibration period then straws were vapor frozen for

10 minutes above 2 cm of liquid nitrogen and finally put in to liquid nitrogen. Post thaw

motility, live sperm count, abnormalities, acrosomal integrity and hypo osmotic swelling

test has been conducted to know freezibility. Analysis of data using SPSS 16 revealed

that post thaw motility, live sperm count, abnormalities, acrosomal integrity and hypo

osmotic swelling positive spermatozoa differed significantly (p<0.05) at different levels

of EDTA. The post thaw motility, live sperm count, acrosomal integrity and hypo

osmotic swelling positive spermatozoa were significantly highest in 0.1% of EDTA used

in the present study. So, 0.1% EDTA can be used as an additive in semen dilutor in

routine freezing process for better post thaw recovery.

RIRT 12 Enrichment of spermatogonial stem cells by using magnate assisted cell

sorting and CD9 cell surface marker

Kumar Mahesh, Mandal DK, Tyagi S, Mathur AK, Sharma Ankur and Verma

Jitendra

Project Directorate on Cattle, Meerut Cantonment, Meerut

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The experiment was designed to look for the efficacy of magnate assisted cell sorting

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technology for enrichment of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) because scanty SSCs are

present in the cell suspension of testicular samples. The samples were collected from

dead bulls‟ testes by autopsy. A routine enzymatic digestion process (Collagenase,

Hyluronidase and DNase enzymes) was followed for isolation of SSCs. One culture was

used as control which was not processed for enrichment. Antibodies against CD9, a

surface protein present on proliferating and differentiating cells, were used to attach

target cells with magnetic beads. Incubation of cell suspension (25x 105

cells/ml) with

primary antibodies against CD9 for 15minutes at 40C was followed by three washing

with buffer (PBS+1% BSA, pH-7.4). Later on 1x107

nanobeads bound to secondary

antibodies were added to the cell suspension for 20-30 minutes with continuous rotation

@ 10 rotations per min. Beads were detached from targeted cells by incubation of cells

with DMEM + 5%FCS for 6 hours at 370C, and there after the CD9 positive cells were

cultured in DMEM containing serum. After fourteen days of culture, the SSCs colonies

were phenotypically characterized with florescent isotyocynate tagged secondary

antibodies targeting CD9 surface markers. More number of colonies was present in the

CD9 sorted cell suspension in comparison to the controlled cell suspension. Our findings

suggest that CD9 serves a good surface marker to characterize the SSCs colonies in vitro

and magnate assisted cell sorting can be used as method of SSCs enrichment by

targeting the CD9 surface marker.

RIRT 13 Seed germination inhibition test for pregnancy detection in Amrit Mahal

cows

Kiran M. and Narayana Swamy M.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, Veterinary College, Hebbal, KVAFSU, Bangalore

_______________________________________________________________________________________

In the present study, the seed germination inhibition technique was applied to diagnose

pregnancy in Amrit mahal cattle breed from the Amrith Mahal cattle breeding center,

Ajjampura, Chikkamagalur district, Karnataka. The urine samples collected from six

inseminated Amrit mahal cows at two months of post insemination served as positive

group and the urine from six non inseminated Amrit mahal cows served as negative

group. In both the cases, the urine was diluted at the ratio of 1:4 with distilled water. In

each sterile Petri dish fifteen wheat seeds were taken on the blotting paper and 15 ml of

diluted urine was added. For each cow the test was conducted with a replica of six tests

in six Petri dishes. Control test was also carried out with the addition of water only to the

wheat seeds. The Petri dishes were covered with the trays to avoid evaporation. After

three days, the seeds were examined for germination inhibition percentage in positive,

negative and control groups, wherein the mean germination inhibition percentage was

769.32 ± 2.76, 26.75 ± 2.43 and 22.34 ± 2.86, respectively. The mean shoot length of the

germinated wheat seeds on fifth day was 0.93 ± 0.38, 3.83 ± 0.49 and 6.12 ± 0.74 cm in

positive, negative and control groups, respectively. Mean germination inhibition percent

and reduced shoot length in positive group of Amrit mahal cattle was indicative of

pregnancy state. It was concluded that the seed germination inhibition technique is

useful to detect pregnancy in Amrit mahal cattle as a simple, non-invasive and

economical method.

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RIRT 14 Influence of nuclear stage of oocyte during vitrification on the in vitro

maturation of caprine oocytes

Vinayaki M. Sundara, Majumdar A.C. and Sharma G. Taru

Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, UP

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Immature oocytes were found to be more sensitive freezing injury than in vitro maturing

or matured oocytes. A main reason for reduced developmental competence of

cryopreserved oocytes is primarily due to damage of the genetic material. Recently,

studies have focused on vitrification as a method for cryopreservation of oocytes to

overcome the limitations of slow freezing. The present study was undertaken to develop

an efficient protocol and suitable maturation time for vitrification of goat oocytes. Goat

ovaries obtained from the local slaughterhouse were transported to the laboratory in

normal saline supplemented with antibiotics (penicillin 100 IU/ml, streptomycin 50

µg/ml) and antimycotics (amphotericin 2.5mg/L) at 35⁰C within 2 hours. The caprine

oocytes were vitrified at 0 (Group 1), 6 (Group 2), 12 (Group 3), 18 (Group 4) and 27

(Group 5) hours of maturation. Vitrified oocytes were thawed and allowed to complete

27 hours of maturation. The in vitro maturation was done in TCM-199 supplemented

with 10% estrous goat serum, 0.5 μg/ml FSH, 100 IU/ml LH, 1 μg/ml 17 β-oestradiol

supplemented with antibiotics 83.3 and 76.6% of oocytes reached M II stage at control

and group 3 which differs significantly from other groups. From this study, it is

concluded that successful in vitro maturation of vitrified caprine oocytes affected by the

nuclear stage at which they were subjected to vitrification. Caprine oocytes can

successfully vitrified 12 hours after maturation at which time metaphase II stage may be

reached.

RIRT 15 Steroid and metabolic hormonal profile of porcine follicular fluid

Borah S., Naskar S., Sarmah B.C., Goswami J., Thomas R., Vashi Y., Dhara S. K.

National Research Center on Pig, Guwahati, Assam

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The ovarian follicular fluid provides suitable microenvironment for the development,

growth and maturation of the oocyte and is vital for maintenance of fertility in mammals

through its autocrine and paracrine regulation of physiological, biochemical and

metabolic processes of the nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of the oocyte and

subsequent ovulation. In the present experiment, hormonal profile namely cortisol,

triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and testosterone in follicular fluid (FF) of pig of

two different genetic groups was estimated for understanding their probable role in

attainment of sexual maturity and influence on litter size traits. Follicular fluid from

antral follicles of gilt (n=8) and sow (n=8) belonging to either of genetic groups, namely

Ghungroo (indigenous) and Hampshire x Ghungroo (crossbred) were collected, and

hormonal profile was estimated by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Concentration of all the

four hormones in follicular fluid of Ghungroo pigs was lower than of crossbred (p<0.05)

except T3 in (Ghungroo) gilt. The result may partly substantiate early onset of puberty

and better litter size traits observed in Ghungroo pigs, since thyroid hormones directly

alter granulosa cell steriodogenesis and elevated testosterone in follicular fluid results in

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lower oocyte quality and cleavage rate post-fertilization.

RIRT 16 Expression profile of H19, Igf2r, Igf2 and Nnat gene during preimplantation

development in Capra hircus

Ranjan R., Singh Renu, Kumar Kuldeep, Kharche S. D., Jindal S.K., Gangwar

Chetna, Sarkar M., Das B. C., Bag Sadhan and Agrawal S. K.

Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, U.P.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present research work has been proposed with the objectives to compare the expression

of development related genes among diploid parthenogenetic (DIP), in vivo and in vitro

produced embryos in caprine. The good quality caprine oocytes were matured in presence of

cytochalasin B and activated by 7% ethanol for 5 min followed by incubation with 2mM

DMAP for 4 hrs for diploid parthenogenetic embryos production and embryo development

was recorded. We have explored comparative expression profile of two paternally (H19 and

Igf2r) and two maternally (Igf2 and Nnat) imprinted genes among DIP, female sexed IVF

and female sexed in vivo derived embryos. Embryonic cell colony were developed from 8-

16 and morula stage DIP, IVF and in vivo derived embryos and these colonies were used for

studying the developmental related genes.The expression of H19 and Igf2r gene was up

regulated significantly (P<0.05) in DIP and IVF derived 8-16 and morula as compared to in

vivo one. Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 gene (Igf2) gene expression was significantly

(P<0.05) down regulated in both stages of DIP embryos as compared to IVF derived ones.

Interestingly, in both the stages, there was also no significant difference (P<0.05) between

DIP and in vivo derived embryos. The Nnat (Neuronatin) gene expression was significantly

lower in DIP embryos of both the stages as compared to IVF one. There was no significant

difference (P<0.05) of this gene expression between 8-16 cell and morula of DIP but morula

of IVF showed significantly higher (P<0.05) expression than 8-16 cell stage. The results

indicated that the paternally imprinted genes were expressed in DIP embryos and the

expression was significantly up regulated as compared to in vivo derived one. Similarly,

maternally imprinted genes were also expressed by all the DIP embryos of both the stages.

However, the expression was quite lower than IVF and in vivo derived embryos. In

conclusion, the present study demonstrated the comparative expression profile of some

important paternal and maternally expressed genes which seems responsible for proper

growth of fetus among DIP, IVF and in vivo derived preimplantation embryos. To the best

of the knowledge this is the first report on comparative expression of some paternal as well

as maternally imprinted genes in caprine preimplantation embryos among parthenogenetic,

female sexed IVF and female sexed in vivo derived embryos.

RIRT 17 Effect of exogenous GnRH and PGF2α on postpartum estrus activity of

Jaffrabadi buffaloes

Ahlawat A.R., Vataliya P.H., Ghodasara S.N., and Murthy K.S.

Cattle Breeding Farm, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The main native tract of Jaffarabadi buffaloes is Saurashtra region of Gujarat. These

animals though very good milkers, have a very high age at first calving and a long inter-

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calving period. Delayed resumption of postpartum estrous activity is a most vital factor

responsible for poor reproductive efficiency of these animals. GnRH and PGF2α and

their analogue has been used for induction of estrus and fertility in anestrous bovines by

various workers. The present study was conducted on Pluriparous Jaffrabadi buffaloes

(n=20). The age and the parity of the buffaloes ranged from 5 to 12 and 2 to 6

respectively. The animals calved normally during the months of Nov to March were

included in the study. All the experimental animal were divided in two groups. Group I

animals (GnRH treated, Receptal) were having smooth ovaries while Group II (PGF2α,

Clostrinol) animals were having a palpable CL. In group I fifty percent of the animals

responded to treatment while in group II eighty percent of the animals responded to

treatment. The mean duration for estrus induction in group I and II was 14.77 ±1.57

days and 2.9175±0.04 days. Three out of five animal (conception rate of 60%) in group I

conceived while six out of the eight animal (conception rate of 75%) in group II

conceived.

RIRT 18 Effect of sericin on freezability of buffalo spermatozoa

Kumar Pradeep, Singh Pawan, Kumar D. and Sikka P.

Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Silk sericin is a kind of water-soluble globular protein (a protein hydrolysate) derived

from silkworm Bombyxmori. The aim of the present study was to observe the effect of

sericin on freezability of buffalo bull spermatozoa. Semen was collected from four

breeding Murrah buffalo bulls (3-5 years age). The commercially available semen

extender AndroMed® supplemented with different concentrations of sericinwas used for

extending the semen. The equilibrated semen was frozen into a programmable

biologicalfreezer.Sperm kinetics and motility was assessed by using CASA system

(IVOS 12.1, Hamilton-Thorne Biosciences, Beverly, MA, USA).Acrosome integrity and

membrane integrity were assessed using fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated peanut

agglutinin (FITC-PSA) and Hypo-osmotic swelling testrespectively. The enzymatic

activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and MDA were alsoestimated.The percentage of total

motility and progressive motility were significantly higher in the sample treated with

0.25, 0.5 and 1% sericin while lower motility in the sample treated with 1.5 and 2%

sericin as compared to control group (P < 0.05). Sericin 0.25, 0.5 and 1% treatment

exhibited improvement in higher plasma membrane integrity as compared to control

group. However, no difference was observed for acrosomal integrity among treated and

control groups.We found all sericin supplemented samples had enhanced value of SOD

and GPx level than control group. Their value did not increase in dose dependent

manner. Supplementation of the medium with 0.25, 0.5 and 1 % sericin concentration

decreased the rate of lipid peroxidation. In conclusion, sericin supplementation to

freezing extender increased the survival of buffalo sperm in a dose-independent manner

but higher concentration had detrimental effect on sperm motility, membrane integrity,

antioxidant activity and lipid-peroxidation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first

report that sperm are protected against oxidative stress during cryopreservation by

usingsericin as additive.

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RIRT 19 Effect of recombinant leukemia inhibitory factor on in vitro maturation of

buffalo oocytes evaluated by the subsequent development of embryos

Eswari S. and Sharma G. Taru

Division of Physiology and Climatology, IVRI, Izat Nagar

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Successful in vitro production of high quality embryos mainly depends on the use of a

culture system that ensures the acquisition of developmental competence by the

maturing oocyte. It is already proved that the in vitro maturation environment has a

major influence on the oocyte's ability to acquire the potential to develop into good

quality blastocysts. This study was conducted to examine the effect of supplementation

of recombinant LIF in oocyte culture media on maturation rate and subsequent embryo

development in vitro. Our results showed that supplementation of rLIF in oocyte

maturation media have impact on maturation rate and quality of embryos. The oocytes

collected from slaughter house ovaries were allocated randomly to four different

maturation treatments. The group I was the basic maturation medium (MM; TCM-199

supplemented with 10% FBS, 0.5μg/ml FSH, 5.0 μg/ml LH, 1μg/ml Estradiol-17β and

50 μg/ml Gentamicin). The other three treatment groups consisted of the maturation

medium (MM) plus rLIF at three different concentrations (group II; 1000, group III; 500

and group IV; 100ng/ml). The maturation rate observed for the group IV was (79%)

similar to that for the group I (78.4%). The highest maturation rate (84.5%) recorded in

the group II, was higher (P<0.05) than for the group III (81.49%), group IV (79%) and

group I (78.4%). The proportion of cleaved oocytes developed to blastocyst stage and

hatching was also higher in group II (25.9%, 17.8% P<0.05) than in group I (15.5%,

10.8%), and other LIF treated groups. Group III differ significantly (20.9%, 14.8%;

P<0.05) with group I (15.5%, 10.8%; P<0.05) but did not differ significantly with group

IV (17.2%, 11.3%). Similarly the total cell numbers also differ significantly between

groups. It was concluded that supplementing the maturation medium with LIF improved

the oocyte competence in in vitro culture as reflected by increased cleavage rate,

blastocyst yield and hatching rate.

RIRT 20 A study to evaluate effect of high and low egg yolk concentration on

capacitation like changes in cryopreserved goat semen

Baghel G., Yadav S., Kumar J., Yadav B., Anand M. and Madan A. K.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, COVS and AH, DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was designed to study the effects of different stages of semen

processing on spermatozoa of Barbari breed of goat. Five normal, healthy adult Barbari

bucks aged between 2- 4 years, weighing 25-35 kg reared at the experimental goat sheds

of Department of Physiology, DUVASU, Mathura (U.P.) were used as experimental

animals. The animals were fed concentrate mixture @ 250g having, DCP 13% and TDN

69% and 1 kg of green fodder (Berseem or Lucerne and Oat) was provided per animal

per day, besides 4-6 hrs of grazing at a nearby field. Semen was collected twice a week

using artificial vagina (length=20cm and diameter=4.5cm) into graduated cups attached

to one end of the artificial vagina. Immediately after collection, semen was evaluated

and later divided into two equal parts A and B. Part A was diluted with semen extender

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containing 3% egg yolk while part B was mixed with semen extender with 20% egg

yolk. Both the samples were then cryopreserved and later subjected to thawing and

evaluated. Semen was evaluated for three patterns i.e Pattern F, Pattern B and Pattern

AR. The observed mean (±S.E.) values of spermatozoa showing CTC pattern F in frozen

thawed semen in 0.3% egg yolk and 20% egg yolk were 24.87±0.69 and 28.13±0.74 per

cent respectively. A significant difference (P≤0.01) was observed in mean (±S.E.) values

of spermatozoa showing CTC pattern F in semen at 3% and 20% egg yolk in dilutor.

The observed mean (±S.E.) values of spermatozoa showing CTC pattern B in frozen

thawed semen in 0.3% egg yolk without centrifugation, 20% egg yolk without

centrifugation were 52.37±0.79 and 51.07±0.86 per cent respectively. A significant

difference (P≤0.01) was observed in mean (±S.E.) values of spermatozoa showing CTC

pattern B in semen at 3% and 20% levels of egg yolk in dilutor. The mean (±S.E.) values

of spermatozoa showing CTC pattern AR in frozen thawed semen in 0.3% egg yolk and

20% egg yolk were 22.77±0.31and 20.80±0.35 per cent respectively. A significant

difference (P≤0.01) was observed in pattern AR at two different levels of egg yolk

concentration in semen diluter indicating that the semen diluted with 3% egg yolk gives

better results after cryopreservation.

RIRT 21 Capacitation like changes in Barbari buck semen subjected to

cryopreservation

Baghel G., Yadav S., Madan A. K., Anand M., Kumar J. and Yadav B.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

The study was conducted on 5 Barbari bucks aged between 2.0 to 4.0 years, weighing

between 25-35 kg, reared at the experimental goat sheds of Department of Physiology,

DUVASU, Mathura (U.P.).The semen samples were collected twice a week from each

buck using artificial vagina. Collected sample were pooled and immediately evaluated

for seminal attributes and cryopreserved. Later cryopreserved semen samples were

analyzed for capacitation like changes using chlortetracycline (CTC) staining technique,

during different steps involved in semen cryopreservation. Three different patterns for

sperms were evaluated during the experiment viz., Pattern F, Pattern B and Pattern AR.

The neat ejaculated semen showed 73.93±0.27 percent sperms with Pattern F,

20.07±0.22 percent sperms with Pattern B and 6.00± 0.17 percent sperm with pattern

AR. The diluted semen had 67.90 ±0.27, 23.11±0.21, 8.94±0.11, Semen after

equilibration showed 62.31±0.30, 25.09±0.20,12.60±0.14 while thawed semen showed

46.79±0.67, 26.45±0.44 and 21.79±0.20 percent sperms with Pattern F, B, AR. A

significant decrease was observed in the sperms with Pattern F while a significant

increase was observed in the Pattern B, AR during the subsequent steps during

cryopreservation indicating deteriorative changes in the spermatozoa and decrease in the

semen quality on exposure to lower temperature.

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RIRT 22 Effect of Vitamin E, Vitamin C and their combination on plasma membrane

integrity of spermatozoa during cryopreservation.

Kumar P., Madan A. K., Kumar J., Yadav B., Anand M. and Yadav S.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

Study was conducted to assess influence of vitamin E, vitamin C and its combination

(vitamin E+C) as anti-oxidants on semen characteristics and functional integrity during

different steps of freezing and thawing in Bhadawari bulls. Four Bhadawari bulls aged

between 3-4 years and weighing between 350-450 kg were selected for experiment.

Semen was collected from 4 bulls twice a week and a total of 32 collections (8

collections per bull) were utilized. After initial evaluation, each semen sample was

pooled and split into 4 equal fractions according to proposed treatments (T1, T2, T3 and

C). Fractions were diluted in tris egg yolk extender containing either vitamin E

@0.3mg/ml (TEY-E)–T1, Vitamin C @2.0mM/ml (TEY-C)-T2, combination of vitamin

C and E (TYC- C+E) –T3 and without any additive (TEY)- C, which acted as control.

Diluted semen fractions were subjected to freezing and thawing process. HOST was

analyzed at each step during cryopreservation and after thawing to study effect of

vitamin C, Vitamin E and its combination. Observed mean (±S.E.) of HOST in control

group was 67.91±0.66 % just after dilution, 62.50±0.60 % after equilibration and

57.00±0.61 % after post thaw semen evaluation. The values observed after different

antioxidants supplementation (Vitamin E, vitamin C, Vitamin E+C) in semen extender

utilized for semen dilution in different trial groups was 72.41±0.69, 70.28±0.71 and

76.09±0.89 just after dilution, 67.00±0.75, 64.97±0.71 and 70.22±0.76 after

equilibration and 61.75±0.71, 59.63±0.65 and 65.00±0.70 % after post thaw,

respectively. A significant difference (P≤0.01) was observed in HOST at different steps

of freezing and thawing both within groups and between groups. A significantly higher

value of HOST was observed just after dilution in all three trial groups when compared

with control group. A significant difference was also observed between trial groups with

highest values observed in T-3 followed by T-1 and T-2 in all three steps followed for

freezing-thawing process. A significant difference was observed within control and

different trial groups with highest observed mean (±SE) of HOST just after dilution

followed by equilibration and post thaw evaluation.

RIRT 23 Role of Vitamin E, Vitamin C and their combination as antioxidant to

maintain acrosomal integrity in cryopreserved semen.

Kumar P., Madan A. K., Yadav B., Anand M., Yadav S. and Kumar J.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

Study was conducted to determine effect of vitamin E, Vitamin C and combination of

vitamin E+C on acrosomal integrity of cryopreserved Bhadawari bull spermatozoa. Four

Bhadawari buffalo bulls aged between 3-6 years and weighing between 300-450 kg

body weight, reared at the Instructional Livestock Farm Complex (ILFC), DUVASU,

Mathura were selected. Semen was collected from 4 bulls twice a week and a total of 32

collections (8 collections per bull) were utilized. Collected semen was pooled and

divided into four fractions. Each sample was diluted with a Tris-based extender

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containing antioxidants vitamin E (5 mM) and vitamin C (5 mM), and an Vitamin E+C

combination (13%), and an extender containing no antioxidants (control), were cooled to

5 °C and frozen in 0.25-ml French straws in liquid nitrogen. Frozen straws were thawed

individually at 37 °C for 20 s in a water bath for evaluation for % intact acrosomes. The

observed mean ±S.E. of intact acrosome in control group was 80.16±0.50 % just after

dilution, 74.59±0.51 % after equilibration and 69.41±0.54 % after post thaw semen

evaluation. The values observed after different antioxidants supplementation in semen

extender utilized for semen dilution in different trial groups was 84.50±0.41, 81.75±0.47

and 87.03±0.62 % just after dilution, 79.22±0.51, 76.91±0.51 and 81.38±0.53 % after

equilibration and 74.00±0.49, 71.59±0.48 and 76.06±0.53 % post thawing, respectively.

A significant difference (P≤0.01) was observed in acrosomal integrity at different steps

of freezing and thawing both within groups and between groups. A significantly higher

value of acrosomal integrity was observed just after dilution in all three trial groups

when compared with control group. A significant difference (P≤0.01) was also observed

between trial groups with highest values observed in the T-3 followed by T-1 and T-2 in

all the three steps followed for freezing-thawing process. A significant difference was

observed within control and different trial groups with highest observed mean (±SE) of

acrosomal integrity just after dilution followed by equilibration and post thaw

evaluation.

RIRT 24 Segment specific characterization of epididymal sperms of bucks

Swornkar P., Kumar J., Swain D.K. and S. Yadav

COVSc and AH, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was designed to study the segment specific variations in the sperm

quality in epididymis of bucks. 15 pairs of testes were taken for the evaluation of sperm

features in caput, corpus and cauda parts of epididymis. The study revealed a significant

(P<0.01) increased protein content in tissue homogenate from caput to cauda

epididymis, whereas, protein content of epididymal fluid gradually decreased from caput

to cauda epididymis. Sperm motility was increased significantly (P<0.01) from caput to

cauda epididymis, whereas, sperm livability exhibited no significant difference between

the three parts of the epididymis. Significant (P<0.01) difference was found for sperms

having both proximal and distal droplets between all the three segments of buck

epididymis. Sperms having no head were found to be significantly (P<0.01) different

between caput, corpus and cauda epididymis. Acrosomal integrity was found to be

significantly (P<0.01) different between three segments. Acrosomal integrity in terms of

intactness increased from caput to cauda and also revealed significant (P<0.01)

difference between the segments. Hypoosmotic swollen positive spermatozoa showed a

significant (P<0.01) difference between caput, corpus and cauda parts of epididymis and

HOST positive spermatozoa was increased from caput to cauda epididymis. From the

study it was evident that , sperm undergoes differential modifications as it move from

caput to cauda part of the epididymis. This modification occurs due to the secretions of

epididymal segments in segment specific manner. Further studies are required to

characterize these secretions of the epididymal segments.

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NEP 01 SNP detection in Growth hormone gene and its association with male

reproduction in Indian crossbred cattle

Pal Aruna and Chatterjee P.N.

Animal Genetics and Breeding, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West

Bengal, India

________________________________________________________________________________________

The decline in the male reproductive ability in terms of sexual behavior and seminal traits

may lead to non-availability of required number of bulls in progeny testing progamme.

The present study was conducted in 493 crossbred cattle (Bos taurus x Bos indicus) bulls

to study the polymorphisms of Growth Hormone (GH) gene and its association with

seminal and sexual-behavioral characteristics. A 428 bp fragment of GH gene spanning

over 4th exon, 4

th intron and 5

th exon was amplified and digested with AluI restriction

enzyme. Bulls were found to be polymorphic, with two variants LL and LV, and higher

genotypic frequency for LL being 0.88. Twelve nucleotide changes and a single non-

synonymous substitution of Leucine by Valine were observed from GH1 (L) to GH2 (V).

Statistical analysis revealed that this non-synonymous substitution had a significant effect

on libido score, reaction time, Flehmen‟s response, requirement of mounting stimulus,

sperm mass activity, number of semen doses per collection, individual fresh sperm

motility and post-thaw sperm motility, acrosome integrity, hypo-osmotic swelling test,

live and dead count, total morphological abnormality and head abnormality of sperms in

crossbred bulls. GH gene may be considered as a candidate gene for seminal and sexual

behavioral traits in crossbred cattle.

NEP 02 Hormone profile, blood metabolites during pregnancy and periparturient

period in Alpine X Beetal crossbred goats


Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science and A.H,

Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Anjora, Durg, Chhatisgarh

________________________________________________________________________________________

The study was conducted on 18 non-lactating non-pregnant Alpine X Beetal crossbred

goats. The goats were divided into two groups. In group-I, 10 goats received natural

service and were conceived whereas in group-II 8 goats were not mated and remained

non-pregnant and served as control. The experiment was conducted in the month of

November and continued up to April. All the goats were fed with green fodder consisting

of Berseem and mustard. The concentrate mixture having 19.50% CP and 72% TDN was

fed during morning and evening. The juglar blood sample was collected in vacutainer

tubes on day one after estrus and thereafter at fortnightly interval up to 10 fortnights.

During peripartuient period the samples were collected on day -20,-15,-10,-5,-4,-3,-2,-1

before and on the day of kidding and thereafter on days +1,+2,+3,+4,+5,+10,+15 and +20

after kidding. The hormones viz. Progesterone, estradiol-17 β, Cortisol, Growth

Hormone, T3, T4, insulin were estimated by RIA kits and blood metabolites viz. Blood

Glucose and plasma NEFA were estimated by standard methods. The gestation length in

these goats ranges from 145-157 days with an average of 150.7 days. In pregnant goats

the level of progesterone increase from 1st fortnight till 7

th fortnight, thereafter, started

declining, the rate of decline was faster from day 20 onwards. On the day of kidding the

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values were still higher which dropped to nearly basal level after day one of kidding and

remained at basal level up to day 20 postpartum. Twin bearing goats had higher level of

plasma progesterone from 3rd

fortnight onwards which may be due to number of corpora

leutea present. The mean plasma estradiol-17 β were significantly higher in non-pregnant

goats compare to the pregnant goats. The high level of estradiol-17 β in non-pregnant

goats appears to be of ovarian origin. There was increase in the level during prepartum

period and an abrupt spurd in the level on the day of kidding. The levels declined slowly

and acquired a plateau afterwards. The twin bearing goats have higher concentration of

plasma growth hormone compare to single bearing goats. Plasma cortisol level in

pregnant and non-pregnant goats did not differ significantly during 10th fortnight. The

prepartum values from day 5 till kidding remained elevated in twin bearing goats

compare to single bearing ones but in both the groups on the day of kidding the level was

significantly increased compared to day one prepartum. After kidding the levels abruptly

declined and remained similar in both the groups. There was no significant difference

between T3 level in pregnant and non pregnant goats up to 10th fortnight of the study.

However the levels were lowest on the day of kidding and increase afterwards. The

plasma T4 level was higher in non-pregnant compare to pregnant goats in sudden drop in

T4 level on day one before and on the day of kidding was observed. The twin bearing

goats have lower concentration compare to single bearing one. There was increase in

plasma Insulin concentration in pregnant goats from 6th fortnight onwards, When these

pregnant animals gained body weight significantly it suggests that the Insulin play their

role in partitioning of nutrient flow to reduce uptake by the dam‟s peripheral tissues.

Around kidding the level of Insulin decline. Single bearing goats had higher level of

Insulin. The Blood Glucose concentration was higher in non-pregnant goats compared to

pregnant goats. These differences existed after 6th fortnight when pregnant goat started

gaining in body weight significantly. One the day of kidding the Blood Glucose level

decline significantly. The plasma NEFA concentration were significantly higher in

pregnant in compare to non-pregnant goats. On the day of kidding the sharp increase in

plasma NEFA level occurred.

NEP 03 Correlation between hormones, blood metabolites, and hematological

parameters during pregnancy in Alpine X Beetal crossbred goats.


Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science and A.H,

Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya , Anjora, Durg, Chhatisgarh

________________________________________________________________________________________

The study was conducted on 10 Alpine X Beetal crossbred goats. The goats were served

the natural service and got conceived. The blood sample was collected on the day one

after estrus and thereafter estrus and thereafter at fortnightly interval upto 10 fortnights

from all the animals. The hormone viz. Progesterone, Estradiol-17 β, Cortisol, Growth

Hormone, T3, T4, Insulin were estimated by RIA. The blood metabolites viz. Blood

Glucose and plasma NEFA was estimated to access the nutritional status of animal during

pregnancy. The hematological parameters viz. Total Erythrocyte Count (TEC), Total

Leucocytic Count (TLC), packed cell volume (PCV), MCV, MCH, MCHC were

determined. The correlation coefficient (r) between various parameters viz. Hormonal

Profile, Blood metabolites and hematological parameters were determined in pregnant

goats. The value of r is based on 110 observations. The plasma progesterone was

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negatively correlated with growth hormone ( r = -0.2277), glucose ( r = - 0.214), and

NEFA ( r = 0.323) and positively correlated with Cortisol ( r= 0.265). During pregnancy

the plasma Estradiol was positively correlated with Prolactin (r= 0.328), Cortisol ( r=

0.237) and hemoglobin ( r =0.269) and negatively correlated with growth hormone ( r=

0.204), Insulin ( r = -0.318) and glucose ( r = -0.440). Plasma Prolactin was positively

correlated with T3 ( r = 0.203) and TEC ( r = 0.332) and negatively correlated with blood

glucose ( r = -0.299). The growth hormone concentration was negatively correlated with

Cortisol ( r = -0.316) and T3 ( r = 0.246). The triidotherionine (T3) was positively

correlated during pregnancy with T4 ( r = 0.210) and negatively correlated with glucose (

r = -0.223). The thyroxine concentration was positively correlated with NEFA ( r =

0.216) and TEC ( r =0.297) and negatively correlated with blood glucose concentration (

r = -0.266). The blood glucose concentration was negatively correlated with hemoglobin

and TEC (r= -0.319, -0.416). The hemoglobin concentration was positively correlated

with TEC, PCV and TLC (r= 0.414, 0.540 and 0.229). The TEC was positively correlated

with PCV and TLC (r = 0.334, 0.356). The PCV was positively correlated with TLC (r =

0.304). The data indicate that there is correlation between hormones, blood metabolites

and hematological parameters during various stages of pregnancy in crossbred goats.

NEP 04 Effect of reduced dietary energy level on endocrine parameters and seminal

quality of native buck

Samad Hari Abdul, Maurya V. P., Singh Manav and Latheef Shyma K.

Division of Physiology and Climatology, IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, U.P.

________________________________________________________________________________________

Goat farming, an integral part of agricultural production in India, mainly predominates in

semi-arid tropical areas, where animal production and reproduction are severely

hampered due to feed scarcity and energy deficiency. So the present study was conducted

to evaluate the effect of dietary energy level on the endocrine parameters (T3, T4, cortisol

and testosterone levels) and seminal parameters (semen volume, mass motility,

progressive motility, sperm concentration, live and dead sperm count, and acrosome

integrity) in native bucks. The study comprised of eight native breeding bucks of 23-25

kg which were treated as control animals for the first 10 weeks by feeding as per ICAR

requirement. The same animals were treated as treatment group for next 10 weeks in

order to avoid the individual variations and fed with fifty percentage concentrate

restriction as that of control. Throughout the study period animals were housed under

thermoneutral condition in the climatology chamber, IVRI Izatnagar, to negate

environmental effect. Blood was collected weekly once to analyse hormonal parameters

and semen was collected weekly twice to analyse seminal parameters. Among the

hormonal parameters serum T3, cortisol and testosterone levels were reduced

significantly (P< 0.05) in treatment group whereas serum T4 level was significantly

increased (P < 0.05) from that of control. Among the seminal parameters sperm motility,

concentration, acrosomal integrity, and livability were found to be reduce significantly

(P<0.05) in treatment group, whereas semen per ejaculate remains unchanged in the

treatment group. From the study, it can be concluded that even in 50% concentrate

restriction, in order to maintain its homeostasis, animal can readjust physiologically but

ultimately affect the fertility parameters.

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NEP 05 Studies on thyroid hormones and some biochemical constituents of follicular

fluid in buffalo

Rampure D.N., Dalvi S.H. and Malpani B. L.

Department of Biochemistry, Bombay Veterinary College, Parel, Mumbai

________________________________________________________________________________________

Present study investigated the levels of some biochemical constituents and thyroid

hormones in follicular fluid and serum and compared their concentrations in different size

follicles of buffaloes. Buffalo ovaries with unknown reproductive status were collected

from abattoir. The follicles visible on its surface were classified based on their diameter

as small (<5 mm), medium (5-10 mm) and large (>10 mm) follicles using digital vernier

caliper. Twenty four samples from follicles along with blood samples of buffaloes

belonging to respective category were collected. The follicular fluid and the serum

samples were analyzed for total proteins, albumin, cholesterol, glucose and hormones tri-

iodothyronine and thyroxine by using biochemical autoanalyser and radioimmunoassay

respectively. The results of the present study revealed that, there was no specific trend

observed in the levels of total proteins according to the size of the follicles but there is

significant difference (P<0.01) in the levels of total proteins in follicular fluid and serum.

There was significant variation (P<0.01) in the levels of albumin among the different

sized follicles but the variation did not show any definite trend. Lower levels of albumin

in the large follicle are suggestive of actively developed follicle which needs amino acids

and the ovary is one of the active tissues in catabolizing albumin. The albumin

concentration in the follicles was significantly higher (P<0.01) than that of respective

sera. The levels of total cholesterol showed increasing trend as the size of the follicle

increases but the variations are not statistically significant. Higher cholesterol levels in

large follicle reflect more influx of cholesterol from blood pool into follicular fluid for

synthesis of follicular steroid hormones. In our study serum total cholesterol

concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than that of follicular fluid.

There was increasing trend of glucose concentration in the follicular fluid and also in the

serum of respective buffalo with increase in the size of the follicle but the difference was

non-significant. The results of the present study also indicated that the serum glucose

concentrations were significantly higher than the levels in the follicular fluid. There was

no variation in the serum levels of triiodothyronine between buffalo bearing small and

medium sized follicle while, highest serum level was observed in buffalo bearing large

sized follicle. The significant (P≤0.01) increase in the levels of T3 in large sized follicle

may attribute to the increase in the activity of monodeioniase enzyme. The follicular fluid

thyroxine level showed increasing trend with the size of the follicle but the variation was

not significant. In our study there was no significant variation in the levels of T4 in serum

and follicular fluid in all the groups.

NEP 06 Effect of mist and fan on the role of sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system

in Murrah buffaloes during summer season



________________________________________________________________________________________

The aim of this study wass to evaluate the effects of mist and fan on the role of

sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system in Murrah buffaloes during summer season

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(average temperature 420C) by measuring epinephrine and norepinephrine hormone.

The experiment was conducted for six weeks duration using twelve lactating Murrah

buffaloes to measure the effects of heat stress in hot dry season. Experimental buffaloes

were divided into two groups. First group was kept under mist and fan, while the second

group buffalo was without mist and fan. Average THI score during the experiment ranged

between 84.62 to 88.89. During summer season, mean levels of plasma epinephrine level

in control and treatment group of lactating Murrah buffaloes were 0.99±0.06 and 0.93±

0.04 ng/ml respectively. Plasma epinephrine was significantly (P<0.01) varied between

weeks, between groups and between animals during the experiment. The mean levels of

plasma norepinephrine in control and treatment group of lactating Murrah buffaloes were

1.04±0.06 and 0.98± 0.06ng/ml during summer season. The decrease in NE was more

with the use of mist plus fan in treatment in comparison to control group (P<0.01). The

mean of plasma norepinephrine varied significantly (P<0.01) between weeks, between

group and between animals. The increase in THI value in summer season concomitant to

increases in epinephrine and norepinephrine level in control group further suggests

activation of adrenal- medullary axis. It is also suggested that buffalo‟s natural

mechanism of heat loss (evaporative cooling) can be effectively achieved with a

combination of mist and fan that help in keeping the buffalo's body temperature as close

to normal for as much possible.

NEP 07 Effect of temperature on stress biomarkers in plasma and milk in Murrah

buffaloes during hot dry season



________________________________________________________________________________________

We used lactating Murrah buffaloes to investigate possibility of using hormones as stress

biomarkers in plasma and milk samples (prolactin, growth hormone and cortisol) in

Murrah buffaloes during hot dry season. Lactating Murrah buffaloes were selected from

the institute herd, experimental buffaloes were provided with mist and fan facilities while

another group of buffaloes served as control. The average maximum temperature during

the experiment varied (P<0.05) from 39.40-43.10ºC and the THI score ranged between

84.62 to 88.89. Blood and milk samples were collected from 15th of May to 30th of June

(six weeks). Use of mist and fan decreased (p<0.01) mean plasma cortisol level in

treatment group than control (3.62± 0.18 vs. 4.56±0.17 ng/ml) during hot dry season.

Mean levels of plasma prolactin in control and treatment group of lactating Murrah

buffaloes were 9.17±0.34 and 7.92± 0.35. Plasma growth hormone levels non-

significantly decreased in treatment group over the control (2.71±0.02 vs 2.88± 0.02) due

to cooling effect of mist plus fan. It was investigated that mist plus fan resulted in

significant decline (p<0.01) in milk hormone levels (cortisol and prolactin) in

experimental Murrah buffaloes during hot dry season in comparison to control, but milk

growth hormone was increased (p<0.01) due to mist plus fan cooling in experimental

group. We also found that the high but non extreme ambient temperatures often

encountered by buffaloes during hot dry season leads to increase in plasma levels of

prolactin and decrease in growth hormone in an adaptive manner. On the basis of

investigated parameters, it is concluded that plasma and milk prolactin and cortisol levels

are the most appropriate indicators of heat stress in buffaloes during hot dry season.

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NEP 08 Reproductive hormone responses to exogenous GnRH in Karan Fries bull

calves

Bharath Kumar B.S. and Pandita Sujata

Division of Dairy Cattle Physiology, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal

________________________________________________________________________________________

The present study investigated the LH, androstenedione, testosterone and total estrogens

response to exogenous GnRH and pre-treatment differences, amongKaran Fries bull

calves of different age groups. Fifteen Karan Fries bull calves were selected and based on

their age, were divided into group I (15-19 months, n=5), group II (9-11 months, n=5)

andgroup III (6-8 months, n=5). All bull calves were administered with 10µg of GnRH

(Buserelin acetate) intramuscularly. Blood samples were collected at an interval of 30

minutes from 1 hour before administration of GnRH till 4 hours post GnRH and

thereafter at an interval of 1 hour till 7 hours. The endocrine response in terms of pre-

treatment values, peak values, area under curve and time taken to attain peak values for

LH, androstenedione, testosterone and total estrogens was evaluated in all the bull calves.

The average pre-treatment levels of androstenedione in group I, group II and group III

bulls were 2.10±0.17, 0.98±0.24 and 0.05±0.01 ng/ml whereas the peak values post

GnRH administration were 3.01±0.72, 2.59±0.71 and 0.31±0.22, respectively. The

average pre-treatment concentrations of testosterone in group I, group II and group III

bulls were 0.97±0.08, 0.32±0.06 and 0.19±0.03ng/ml whereas the peak values post

GnRH administration were 2.95±0.31, 0.79 ± 0.30 and 0.52±0.17, respectively. The

average area under response curve of androstenedione in group I, group II and group III

bulls were 18.17±4.32, 8.32±2.93 and 0.91±0.35ng/ml X h, respectively. The average

area under response curve of testosterone in group I, group II and group III bulls were

11.37±2.25, 3.63±0.53 and 2.8±0.59ng/ml X h, respectively. Significant differences were

observed in the pre-treatment, peak concentrations and area under response curve for

androstenedione and testosterone among the groups, with response being higher in group

I bull calves. In spite of increasing the LH levels to sufficient concentrations, required for

androgens synthesis in testes by administering exogenous GnRH, only group I (15-19

months) bull calves were responsive, indicating the possible role of metabolic hormones,

growth factors and osteocalcin, along with LH as these other factors have a role in

steroidogenesis and varies with growth and body weight.

NEP 09 Effect of temperature variation on estrogen and progesterone concentration

during different stages of gestation in Chhotanagpuri Ewes

Verma R.K and Ishwar A.K.

Deptt. of Veterinary Physiology, Ranchi Veterinary College, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke Ranchi

________________________________________________________________________________________

The present experiment was carried out to see the effect of different housing system on

hormonal profile in Chhotanagpuri ewes. A total of twenty four non-pregnant parous

healthy ewes were allocated to three different groups consisting of 8 animals each. The

group were allocated on the basis of their average body weight so, that should not be a

major variation in their average body weight. The two major reproductive hormone

Estrogen and progesterone were estimated during entire period of experimentation. Blood

samples were collected by jugular venipuncture in vaccutainer tubes on the day 0 (estrus),

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20, 45, 90, 135, expected day of parturition and also two days after parturition from ewes

of all the three groups It was observed that the average plasma estrogen concentration

ranged between 8.73±0.44 to 260.26±2.95, 8.78±0.56 to 259.55±3.36 and 9.37± 0.44 to

263.90±2.75 pg/ml in group I, II and III respectively. The plasma estrogen concentration

between different groups did not vary significantly. The level of plasma estrogen

decreased significantly (P<0.05) upto day 45 of gestation. However it increased gradually

and significantly (P<0.05) upto expected day of parturition in all the groups. The plasma

estrogen concentration decreased two days after parturition in all the groups but it was

non-significant. A significant variation (P<0.01) was observed within groups during all

period of observations.The average of plasma progesterone concentration ranged between

0.17 ± 0.01 to 4.63±0.29, 0.15 ± 0.01 to 5.53 ± 0.56 and 0.17 ± 0.02 to 5.31 ± 0.46 ng/ml

in group I, II and III respectively. A non-significant effect of different housing system

was observed on plasma progesterone concentration at different period of observations

among groups. The level of plasma progesterone significantly increased (P<0.05) from

day 20 to day 135 of gestation in comparison to the day of estrus (day 0) in all the groups.

The level of plasma progesterone decreased significantly (P<0.05) on expected day of

parturition and further decreased two days after parturition in all the groups. A highly

significant (P<0.01) variation was found among all the group of ewes during period of

observations. The result revealed that the level of estrogen decreased up to day 45 in all

the group and then increased significantly in all the group up to expected date of

parturition whereas the level of progesterone increased significantly in all the group up to

135 days of pregnancy and decreased significantly on expected date of parturition and

also 2 days after parturition.

NEP 10 Effect of micronutrients supplementation on leptin hormone in cross-bred

cattle around parturition

Maurya Pankaj Kumar, Aggarwal Anjali and Malhotra Priyanka

Department of Veterinary Physiology, C.V.Sc. &A.H., Kumarganj, Faizabad, UP

________________________________________________________________________________________

Sixteen pregnant Karan Fries cows were selected two months before expected date of calving to

investigate the effect of vitamin E and zinc on Leptin hormone in cross bred cows around

parturition. Experimental animals were randomly divided in to two groups namely control

group (eight cows) and treatment group (eight cows). Treatment group cows were

supplemented with Vitamin E @ 1000 IU/day/cow and zinc @ 60 ppm/day/cow. Blood

samples were collected and plasma was analyzed for Leptin, vitamin E and zinc. Plasma leptin

concentration of control cows was found 6.06±0.10 ng/ml 60 days before calving and on the

day of calving it decreased to 2.55±0.31ng/ml. Further, in treatment group the plasma leptin

concentration was found 6.19±0.11ng/ml 60 days before calving and on the day of calving it

decreased to 3.66±0.11ng/ml. The overall mean (±SEM) of plasma vitamin E concentration was

found significantly (P<0.01) higher in treatment group as compared to control group (2.60±0.05

vs. 2.38±0.06 µg/ml). Plasma Zn level decreased at the time of parturition in both groups. The

decrease in the plasma Zn level of control and treatment group cows was 30.60% and 16.13%

respectively from 60 days before calving to the day of calving. There was found a positive

correlation between vitamin E and leptin in control and treatment group of cows around

parturition. The results of this study indicated that the supplementation of vitamin E and zinc

increases the level of leptin hormone around the parturition in Karan Fries cows.

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NEP 11 Effect of extended duration thermal stress on hormones and semen quality of

native bucks (Capra hircus).

Singh Manav, Maurya V.P., Mamta, Prasad J.K. and Yadav Brijesh

Climatology laboratory, Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute,

Izatnagar

________________________________________________________________________________________

In aim of to assess the effect of high ambient temperature in form of thermal stress on

endocrine changes and seminal quality, eight native bucks were used for the experiment.

The animals were kept at comfortable (20-28oC) as control and 42oC with humidity of 40-

50% in psychrometric chamber, as treatment group, for 10 weeks each. Treated bucks were

exposed to 42oC for 6 hours/day from 10.00 hours to 16.00 hours. The tri-iodothyronine,

thyroxin, testosterone and cortisol levels in serum were estimated weekly by ELISA kit.

Semen was collected with help of artificial vagina and evaluated, twice weekly. Serum T3

reduced, cortisol increased both significantly but T4 and testosterone did not change in

treated group. Serum testosterone decreased non statistically in thermal stressed group

(1.80±0.09 ng/ml) as compared to control animals (1.87±0.07 ng/ml) and T4 did not change

in thermal exposure (5.96±0.14 Vs 6.30±0.38 µg/dL respectively) whereas, serum cortisol

level increased significantly in exposed bucks (4.49±0.36 Vs 2.64±0.15 µg/dL) but T3

decreased (1.23±0.06 Vs 2.54±0.10 ng/ml) significantly (P<0.05) in treated group as

compared to control group. Regarding seminal attributes semen volume, mass motility,

progressive motility, sperm concentration, live percentage, percent acrosomal integrity and

total sperm per ejaculate were 0.65±0.01 ml, 4.75±0.04, 87.06±0.45 %, 3269.40±41.75 (X

106/ml), 87.53±0.28%, 82.30±0.31%, 2108.30±42 (X 10

6) respectively in control group and

in thermal stressed group these values decreased significantly 0.40±0.01ml, 3.58±0.07,

59.53±0.96%, 2024.70±66.90 (X 106/ml), 76.17±0.73%, 78.65±0.43% and 830.76±38.49

(X 106

respectively but abnormal percentage was increased in heat exposed bucks

(13.68±0.69% ) compared to control group bucks (3.66±0.18%). Color and consistency of

semen was also of inferior quality in heat treated bucks. It can be concluded that the native

bucks failed to adapt to a prolonged thermal exposure of 42oC. It also seemed that extended

periods of thermal stress would decrease fertility severely, leading to serious loss in terms

of reduced reproduction.

NEP 12 Comparative molecular genotyping of growth hormone in Surti and

Mehsana buffaloes

Janmeda Mamta and Vataliya P.H.

Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Anand

Agricultural University, Anand

________________________________________________________________________________________

Growth hormone is the major regulator of postnatal growth and metabolism in mammals

and affects growth rate, body composition, health, milk production, and aging by

modulating the expression of many genes. The study was conducted to find out

polymorphism of different growth hormone (bGH) by using PCR-RFLP technique and to

study the association of different polymorphic growth hormone loci with milk production

in Surti and Mehsana buffalo. 72 Surti and 52 Mehsana blood samples were collected

from LRS, Navsari and SK Nagar Agricultural University, Gujarat respectively. The

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DNA samples were subjected to PCR amplification using bGH specific primers GH1,

GH2 and GH3. The PCR products of GH1 (427 bp), GH2 (891 bp) and GH3 (441bp) loci

were digested with Alu 1, Msp 1 and, Hae III restriction enzymes respectively. Only AA,

CC and FF genotypes were found in both the buffalo breeds with allelic frequencies of A,

C and F alleles were 1.00 respectively. Since all the growth hormone loci studied were

monomorphic indicating monomorphism at these loci may be a species characteristic of

buffaloes. They cannot be used as genetic markers for selection purpose and to study the

association of different polymorphic growth hormone loci with milk production in Surti

and Mehsana buffalo.

NEP 13 Stimulatory effect of LH, IGF-1 and EGF on VEGF production in cultured

bubaline luteal cells

Chouhan V.S., S Dangi.S., Babitha V.,

Singh G. and Sarkar M.

Physiology & Climatology division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh

________________________________________________________________________________________

The aim of this study was to evaluate the temporal (24, 48, and 72h) and dose dependent

(0, 5, 10, and 100 ng/ml of LH, IGF-1, and EGF) in vitro expression and secretion

patterns of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in luteal cell culture (LCC) from

different stages of luteal phase. Corpus luteum samples from early luteal phase (ELP; day

1st–4

th), mid luteal phase (MLP; day 5

th–10

th) and late luteal phase (LLP; day 11

th–16

th) of

estrous cycle were obtained from a local slaughterhouse. The results of the present study

revealed a dose and time dependent stimulatory effect of LH, IGF-1, and EGF on VEGF

production in bubaline luteal cells. The VEGF expression and secretion from the cultured

luteal cells was highest during ELP, intermediate in MLP and lowest in LLP of estrous

cycle for all the three tested factors. Comparison of the three treatments showed that EGF

was the most potent stimulating factor followed by IGF-1 and LH. Immunocytochemistry

findings in LCC of ELP agreed with the VEGF expression and secretion. In conclusion,

mRNA expression, protein secretion and immuno-localization of VEGF data clearly

indicated for the first time that LH, IGF1and EGF plays an important role in stimulating

luteal angiogenesis in buffalo CL. The highest expression and secretion of VEGF in ELP

is associated with development of luteal angiogenesis indicate that above factors

partly/may be involved in regulation of angiogenesis. Further studies warranted on the

other regulators of VEGF and synergistic effect of locally produce growth factors.

NEP 14 Expression of mRNA encoding Growth Differentiation Factor-9 (GDF9) and

Bone Morphogenetic Protein-15 (BMP15) in follicular cells of buffalo ovary

Muralidharan K., Eswari S., Vijayarani K and Gomathy V.S.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal

Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai

________________________________________________________________________________________

Growth differentiation factor-9 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-15, members of the

transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily are considered to be the key

regulators of follicular development in mammalian ovary. In spite of their active role in

folliculogenesis from various studies, little is known about the expression pattern of these

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oocyte-secreted growth factors in animals. Using the sensitive technique of Real Time-

Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we studied the temporal expression pattern of

GDF-9 and BMP-15 in cumulus free oocytes (CFOs), cumulus cells (CCs) and granulosa

cells (GCs) from follicles of buffalo ovary. A pool of CFOs, CCs and GCs were collected

and used for total RNA isolation. The mRNA transcripts encoding GDF-9 and BMP-15

were detected by employing RT-PCR. In our study we concluded that both GDF-9 and

BMP-15 expression were observed in the cumulus oocyte complexes of buffalo ovary.

We also reported the intra-follicular granulosa cell GDF-9 and BMP-15 mRNA

expression, supports the concept that early stages of follicular growth and development

are regulated by intra-ovarian factors.

NEP 15 Electrophoretic profile of goat’s pineal gland

Pathak Arti, Kumar Jitender, Misra Vaibhav and Agrawal M.P.

College of Veterinary Science and A.H., DUVASU, Mathura

________________________________________________________________________________________

The pineal proteins/peptides are considered as presumptive pineal and are implicated for

their possible role in regulation of oestrous cycle, regulation of circadian rhythms,

regulation of immune function and they also act as antioxidants. Electrophoretic analysis

of pineal gland is a preliminary step in identification and characterization of protein/

peptide for further isolation and purification of the same. For this, brain from female

goats was collected soon after their slaughter at abattoir. The sixteen pineal glands were

removed from brain and collected and then four different homogenate were prepared. The

protein concentration of pineal extract was estimated followed by SDS-PAGE was

carried out to observe the protein peptide patterns of pineal according to their molecular

weights as per the method of Laemmli (1970). The SDS-PAGE profile of pineal extract

revealed 7-9 dark bands. Three clear bands above 97 KDa molecular weight were

observed. One sample exhibited an additional band above 97 KDa. Three bands were

observed uniformly in all samples between 97 and 66 KDa molecular weight except one

pooled sample, which showed only two bands. A single band was exhibited between 66

and 43 KDa molecular weight in all the samples except one sample, which showed an

additional band. One band was observed between 43 and 29 KDa molecular weight in all

the samples. The profile pattern of pineal protein/peptide showed little individual

variation from sample to sample. However most of the samples showed 8 bands. It

appears that there are certain other factors than photoperiod, which influence the profile

of these protein/peptides. As most of the animals were adult and non-pregnant it was

speculated that physiological variance in the profile may be these variations may be due

to different immune status of the animal or for other unknown reasons. Further studies

are required for elucidating the band pattern during different phases of oesturs cycle as

well as light and dark periods.

NEP 16 Intravenous infusion induced SEF 90 enhancement in goats

Madan A. K., Korde J. P. and Rastogi S. K.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, CVASc., GBPUAT, Pantnagar

________________________________________________________________________________________

It has been reported that painful stimulations evoke EEG activation in different neural

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networks of human brain and intensity of nociceptive input encode variety of EEG

changes. Pain perception in animals is based upon perceptivity of handler contrary to self

reporting as in humans. Goats are suitable model on which experiments can be conducted

under welfare conditions and results applicable for other ruminants also. Present study

was planned with objective to elucidate SEF 90 activity in different areas of brain in

goats for noxious stimuli. Seven apparently healthy local X Jamunapari female goats

aged about 2 years with mean weight 22.14 kg were trained to sit in sternal recumbency

on non-conducting wooden table in unrestrained fashion. Seven channel monopolar

montage was used as described and EEG records were transformed through FFT to

generate Spectral Edge Frequency (SEF 90). For creating noxious stimuli, normal saline

solution was administered intravenously with 18 G needle at the rate of 20 drops per

minute in left jugular vein for two minutes. Resting phase EEG was recorded before

initiating noxious stimuli to serve as control, while noxious phase EEG was recorded

during mid of intravenous administration. SEF 90 was significantly higher in both

parietal and both occipital electrodes during intravenous injection as compared to resting

phase exhibiting arousal and desynchronisation of EEG spectrum. These regions of

electrodes overlie primary and secondary somatic areas of brain. The findings are in

consonance with reporting in humans that primary somatosensory cortex have a

prominent and highly modulated role in sensory aspects of pain, including localization

and discrimination of pain intensity and primary somatosensory cortex, secondary

somatosensory cortex and areas in its vicinity, the parietal operculum, insula, anterior

cingulated cortex and prefrontal cortex, are involved in processing different aspects of

pain.

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LHPP 01 Relation of leptin, insulin and glucose during late gestation and early lactation in

murrah buffalo


Department of Veterinary Physiology, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Akola, 444104

____________________________________________________________________________

Present work was conducted to study the effect of physiological status viz., late gestation and

early lactation on serum hormones (leptin and insulin) and glucose, 10 Murrah buffaloes were

selected 30 days before expected date of calving. The blood samples were collected 15 days

before parturition, on the day of parturition and 15 days after parturition. Leptin level was

significantly higher 15 days before parturition (3.67 ± 0.14 ng/ml) which decreased on the day

of parturition (2.31 ± 0.20 ng/ml) and again increased 15 days after parturition (2.86 ± 0.20

ng/ml). Insulin concentration differed significantly among the groups with higher

concentration 15 days before parturition (0.58 ± 0.03 ng/ml) and lower on the day of

parturition (0.21 ± 0.01 ng/ml) than 15 days after parturition (0.36 ± 0.02) . The correlation

between insulin and leptin was non significant during different physiological stages in present

study. However, correlation between insulin and glucose was positive and significant during

different physiological stages whereas, correlation between leptin and glucose was also

positive and significant except on the day of parturition. The pooled study revealed positive

and significant correlation between insulin and leptin (0.80), insulin and glucose (0.95) and

between leptin and glucose (0.86).

LHPP 02 Evaluation of udder health in relation to enzymatic changes in milk of non-

descript sheep of Buldhana district

Paithane S.S. and Khodke M.V.

Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Akola,

Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur

____________________________________________________________________________

An experiment was conducted to study the prevalence of mastitis and variations in milk SCC

along with activity of (Aspartate Aminotransferase) ASAT and Alanine Aminotransferase

(ALAT) in milk whey associated with different udder health status of sheep. A total of 170

milk samples half wise were collected on the basis of clinical examination of udder and CMT

score and grouped as normal, subclinical (1+,2+,3+) and clinical. Milk samples were analyzed

for SCC by the separation of milk-whey for the estimation of ASAT and ALAT. The average

values of SCC in whole milk sample differed significantly among different udder health status

and revealed direct relationship with CMT score and ASAT, ALAT activities in milk

whey.The ASAT and ALAT activity in the milk whey differed significantly (P<0.01) between

different udder health status for all comparisons, varying from 3.11 to 16.48 ASAT U/ml and

3.41 to 17.91ALAT U/ml respectively. The milk SCC increased by 8.13X 105 cells/ml for

each unit rise in CMT score . Similarly, the activity of whey ASAT increased by 4.05 ASAT

U/ml, ALAT increased by 4.42 ALAT U/ml, for each unit rise in CMT score. For each unit

rise in SCC of milk, the increase in activity of milk whey ASAT, ALAT was 0.50 ASAT

U/ml, 0.55 ALAT U/ml respectively.The assay of ASAT and ALAT activities in the milk

whey is therefore, recommended to be useful to assess the udder health status of the sheep.

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LHPP 03 Relation between antioxidant status and postpartum anestrous (PPA) condition

in Murrah buffalo

Kumar Rajesh, Gupta Meenakshi, Rose Manoj Kumar, Ghosh Mayukh and Singh Inderjeet

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal

Sciences, Hisar, Haryana

____________________________________________________________________________

Present study was designed to investigate the relation between antioxidant status and

postpartum anestrous (PPA) condition in Murrah buffalo. The blood was collected from two

different groups of Murrah buffaloes each consisting of twenty animals. Group I was of

postpartum anestrus (PPA) and group II was of cyclic buffaloes. The analysis of antioxidants

in the plasma and hemolysates revealed that the levels of vitamin E, β-carotene andreduced

glutathione in plasma and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in hemolysate were significantly

higher in cyclic animals than PPA animals. The levels of vitamin C, SOD and glutathione

peroxidase (GPX-3) in plasma did not show any significant difference among the two groups

studied. During production period there is higher demand of nutrients and animal is under

production stress. This type of stress affects the reproductive performance in PPA animals as

they might be more susceptible to these stressors because all the animals were maintained

under similar feeding and managemental practices.

LHPP 04 Effect of mineral mixture on growth performance of growing pigs

Dalai N., Shekhar S., Mohabe L., Mohabe P., Rai M., Praveen P. K. and Rai R.


____________________________________________________________________________

The present study was carried on 45 growing pigs of 3 to 3.5 months of age, irrespective of

their sex for 3 months in I.L.F.C., M.J.F. College of veterinary and Animal Science, Chomu,

Jaipur. The pigs were divided in to 3 categories. Category-1 contains 15 pigs which were

raised on garbage (ad-lib), Category-2 contains 15 pigs raised on garbage (ad-lib) and

concentrate while Category-3 having similar number of pigs raised on garbage(ad-lib),

concentrate and mineral mixture (@ 10g/day for 3 months) as an additional feed supplement.

The amount of concentrate were given 250 g, 400 g and 500 g in 1st, 2

nd and 3

rd months of

experiment respectively to Category-2 and category-3. The body weight of growing pigs in all

the three categories was recorded twice a month and the additional cost per kg weight gain

was calculated. The overall growth performance of growing pigs belonging to Category-1 was

lowest than that of other two categories. Further, the growth performance of Category-2 was

lower than that of Category-3. The additional cost per kg weight gain of Category-2 was

significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of Category-3.

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LHPP 05 Metabolic profile and antioxidative parameters in clinical cases of diaphragmatic

hernia in buffaloes

Madan Jyotsana, Gupta Meenakshi and Kumar Rajesh

Department Of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal

Sciences, Hisar, Haryana

____________________________________________________________________________

The present study was conducted to assess the biochemical profile and some antioxidative

parameters in eighteen buffaloes suffering from diaphragmatic hernia reported to Teaching

Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Sciences, LLRUVAS, Hisar. Blood

samples were collected from affected buffaloes in heparinised tubes on ice. The plasma

separated was tested for various biochemical, electrolytes and antioxidative parameters. The

clinical symptoms observed were decrease in rumination and rumen motility. The animals

have a history of off-feed, recurrent tympany and poor appetite. A significant decrease in

glucose, triglycerides, sodium and potassium values where as a non-significant decrease in

total iron, total iron binding capacity, chloride, calcium and phosphorus was observed in

diseased cases as compared to control animals. Hypokalemia is caused primarily by anorexia

but may be potentiated slightly by ion exchange caused by the alkalosis and/or abomasal

reflux into rumen. A rise in AST levels has also been reported with myocardial injuries

suggestive of inflammatory changes in the body. A significant increase was observed in total

protein (g/dl) concentration in diseased cases. It has been reported that during inflammation,

the production of protein in the liver is switched towards increased synthesis of acute phase

proteins. A significant increase in antioxidative enzyme Superoxide dismutase activity and a

non significant increase in Glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity (IU/ml plasma) in affected

cases as compared to healthy ones can be attributed in an attempt to mitigate superoxide

radical challenge.

LHPP 06 In vitro phagocytic activity of blood and milk neutrophils isolated from

primiparous and multiparous Karan Fries (Holstein x Tharparkar) cows

throughout the production cycle

Dang A.K. and Mukherjee Joydip

Division of Dairy Cattle Physiology, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana

____________________________________________________________________________

To study the differences in between the in vitro phagocytic activity (PA) of neutrophils isolated

from first lactating i.e., primiparous (PP) and multiparous (MP) Karan Fries (Holstein Fresian x

Tharparkar) cows. Blood and milk samples were collected from 12 PP and 12 MP cows during

different days of production cycle (dry period and lactation). Blood total leukocyte counts (TLC)

and milk somatic cell counts (SCC) were significantly (P<0.01) lower in PP as compared to MP

cows during all stages of production cycle. Blood TLC was significantly (P<0.01) higher at

calving and then decreased towards the end of lactation in both the groups. Milk SCC was highest

in colostrums, decreased significantly (P<0.01) around mid lactation and again increased towards

the end of lactation. Phagocytic activity (PA) of blood neutrophils was significantly higher

(P<0.01) in PP as compared to MP cows. Suppression of PA around parturition was less and also

restored earlier in PP as compared to MP cows. PA of colostrums was higher in MP as compared

to PP cows; however, PA of milk neutrophils was always higher in PP as compared to MP cows

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throughout the lactation period. Less PA of neutrophils make the MP cows more prone to

infections during the production cycle. Therefore, proper care and nutrition should be provided to

them throughout the production cycle.

LHPP 07 Efficacy of iron nanoparticles on hematological parameters in piglets

Nalinarani P., Jayachandran S., Selvaraj P. and Ramesh V.

Dept. of Veterinary Physiology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal – 637 002. Tamilnadu

____________________________________________________________________________

A study was conducted to find out the efficacy of iron nanoparticles in piglets to prevent the

anemic condition. Large White Yorkshire piglets born to sows in first to second parity were

assigned to one of the five groups as follows. Group I (n=6) piglets kept without iron

supplementation (control). Group II (n=7) piglets were injected with iron dextran on 3rd

day

after birth. Group III (n=9) piglets received oral supplementation of ferric ammonium citrate

equivalent to elemental iron 10 mg / day given from 3- 28 days of age on alternate days.

Piglets of group IV (n=6) and V (n=9) were supplemented with 3 and 6 mg of iron

nanoparticle per day respectively from 3-28 days of age given on alternate days. Blood

samples were collected from all the piglets in each group through ear vein at first, second,

third and fourth weeks of age using EDTA as anticoagulant. The iron nanoparticles were

synthesized by chemical method. The particles size were ranged from 25 to 45 nm.

Supplementation of iron increased (P<0.01) the hemoglobin content from first week of age

onwards compared to control group. The hemoglobin content of group IV and V was higher

(P<0.01) than group III. However, hemoglobin level was similar at both the levels of iron

nanoparticle supplementation. Iron supplementation increased the hematocrit level (P<0.01)

over unsupplemented group from second week of age onwards. In subsequent weeks, group IV

and V had higher hematocrit level than group III. From second to fourth week of age, iron

nanoparticle fed groups had higher (P<0.01) total erythrocyte count than group III, whereas,

the erythrocyte count of group II was comparable with that of iron nanoparticle fed groups.

Piglets of group IV and V had higher total leucocyte count than group III piglets from second

to fourth week of age, whereas, total leucocyte count of group II was comparable with that of

group IV and V. Also difference was noticed between group II and III. The MCV and MCH of

iron supplemented groups were higher than unsupplemented group (P<0.05) from second

week of age onwards, whereas, MCHC level differs (P<0.05) from third week of age onwards.

It is concluded that the iron supplementation to the piglets improved the hematological

parameters compared to unsupplemented group. Among the treatment, iron nanoparticles

showed better results followed by iron dextran injection and oral ferric ammonium citrate.

LHPP 08 Comparative effects of propofol and xyalzine-ketamine anaesthesia on

hematological, biochemical and clinical parameters in goats

Yadav Mrigakshi, Rastogi S.K., Huozha R., Manjari P., Das A. K. and Kumar Sudhir

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, GBPUAT,

Pantnagar, UK

____________________________________________________________________________


ketamine (xylazine @ 0.05mg/kg body weight, intravenously followed by ketamine @ 4mg/kg

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body weight, intravenously) were studied on hematological (Hb concentration, PCV, TEC,

TLC, DLC, MCV, MCH and MCHC), biochemical (blood glucose) and clinical parameters

(rectal temperature, pulse rate and respiratory rate) in 12 clinically healthy (LocalXBarbari)

adult female goats (6 animals in each group), aged 2-4 years, weighing 23.66 ± 2.22 kg.

During propofol anaesthesia rectal temperature and respiratory rate decreased while blood

glucose concentration and pulse rate increased. All hematological parameters decreased except

an increase in lymphocyte count. During xylazine-ketamine anaesthesia in goats, similar

observations were recorded except that pulse rate decreased and MCHC increased. Propofol

produced favourable effects on rectal temperature and pulse rate whereas xylazine-ketamine

exerted more effective anaesthetic effects on respiratory rate and blood glucose concentration.

Also xylazine-ketamine maintained the hematological parameters within normal range

suggesting xylazine-ketamine would be a safer and better choice over propofol in goats.

LHPP 09 Proteomic analysis of acute phase proteins during animal disease

Rai M., Rai R., Dalai N. and Shekhar S.

Department of Animal Biotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi Veterinary College, Bharatpur

____________________________________________________________________________

Proteomics is a new emerging branch in biomarkers study in the field of veterinary science,

precisely those related to economics or production traits like productivity, product quality,

animal welfare, milk production etc. Since, milk production being the production trait of prime

importance, extensive studies focusing on identification of diagnostic biomarkers on mastitis

in bovine milk has been done. Comparative studies of protein profile of mastitis and healthy

cow had also been conducted. Though the number of proteins detected, the convincing results

were generated from 2D-GE, MALDI-TOFF/MS bovine milk included identification of

acutephase protein alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in both normal and mastitic milk whey

samples. Results showed higher values of AGP in mastitic milk. Past studies by traditional

quantitative strategies have revealed only the presence of acute phase protein, SAA, HPT, and

LBP. Artificial challenge of dexamethasone (immunosuppressant), hence reveals diseased

condition and proteomic analysis of BALF. Proteomic analysis showed increase in value of

acute phase protein, alpha-2-hs- glycoprotein, alpha-1-antichymotyrpsin in treated animal

when compared to control.

LHPP 10 Effects of anti-apoptotic factors in cryopreservation of buffalo Wharton’s jelly

derived stem cells

Sreekumar.T.R, Ansari Mohd. Matin and Chandra Vikash

Reproductive Physiology lab, Physiology and Climatology Division, IVRI, Izatnagar

____________________________________________________________________________

Present study was designed to compare the effects of anti-apoptotic factors in cryopreservation

of buffalo Wharton‟s jelly derived Mesenchymal stem cells. The study was conducted at

reproductive physiology lab, department of physiology and climatology, IVRI. Anti-apoptotic

factors Rho kinase inhibitor (Y-27632) and Pinacidil were used to study their effects on

cryopreservation of Wharton‟s jelly derived Mesenchymal stem cells. Three groups were

made for MSCs. The control group had no anti apoptotic factors and in second and third

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groups, Y-27632 (10μM) and Pinacidil (100μM) respectively were added in freezing medium

and post thaw culture medium. The cells were cryopreserved for period of ten days. The

outcome of cryopreservation experiments suggest that addition of anti-apoptotic factors during

cryopreservation, significantly (p<0.05) increased the growth rate and survivability of WJ-

MSCs in post thaw culture after cryopreservation. Cell viability assay of immediate post thaw

cells showed no significant (p<0.05) improvement in anti-apoptotic factor added groups

compared to control. Karyotyping showed that cells were able to maintain chromosome

integrity after cryopreservation and qPCR analysis showed in case of WJ-MSCs there was

non-significant (p<0.05) improvement of down regulation of pluripotency markers as

compared to control group. It can be concluded from the study that Rho kinase inhibitor (Y-

27632) and Pinacidil can be successfully used for the cryopreservation of buffalo Wharton‟s

jelly derived Mesenchymal stem cells for improved post thaw growth rate and survivability

although its role in reducing the down regulation of pluripotency markers were non-

significant.

LHPP 11 Evaluation of biological and economic efficiency of local and crossbred pigs of

Assam on probiotic feeding

Baruah Anubha, Baruah K. K., Sarmah B.C., Roychowdhury R. and Sarma R. K.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara,

Guwahati

____________________________________________________________________________

The intestinal microflora of young pigs plays an important role in effective digestion and maximal

absorption of nutrients. During weaning, the microflora population is being altered, resulting in

reduced lactobacilli population in the G.I. tract, which may allow the multiplication of pathogenic

microorganisms and cause post weaning diarrhoea syndrome and ultimately causing stunted

growth or mortality. Probiotics are live microbial culture that equilibrate intestinal microflora to the

benefit of the animal. They may have a growth promoting activity by competing with harmful gut

microorganisms, and by stimulating the immune system of the animal and thereby increasing

resistance to infectious agents. Considering the importance of it, a trial was conducted to

investigate the effect of probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum) feeding on growth performance of

local and crossbred piglets of Assam and also their economic importance. A total of 6 isolates

could be recovered from the faecal materials of healthy piglets. All the 6 isolates were identified as

Lactobacillus species on the basis of colony morphology, staining characteristic and certain

biochemical characteristics. On the basis of growth of the isolates at 150 C and sugar fermentation

test the isolated Lactobacillus strains were further identified as Lactobacillus Plantarum. All the

six isolates were found to have antimicrobial activity when tested against E. coli and Salmonella

organisms. Isolated species of Lactobacillus were tested for their bile tolerance and heat tolerance

characteristics for selection of strain in the production of probiotic. The effect of feeding probiotic

(Lactobacillus plantarum) on growth performance and feed conversion efficiency of new born

piglets was observed. Piglets fed Lacobacillus Plantarum @ 2x106 CFU/piglet/day in group A and

@ 2x108 CFU/Piglet/day in group B had a significantly greater average daily gain from birth till

weaning as well as throughout 31 weeks post weaning (P<0.01 ) in local and 33 weeks in crossbred

pigs than non-supplemented piglets. Feed conversion efficiency between the group fed probiotic

and the control group was different (P< .01). When feed conversion efficiency (FCE) was

calculated for the entire experimental period, significantly more favourable result was observed in

the groups fed the probiotic (Lactobacillus strain) compared to the control group. Supplementation

of probiotics (Lactobacillus strain) was more effective in terms of feed conversion efficiency

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resulting higher body weight gain and ultimately profitable economy. Benefit-cost ratio shows that

pig production is a profitable business since it is greater than 1.

LHPP 12 Effect of migration to highland alpine pasture on growth and production

performances of crossbred sheep


North Temperate Regional Station, Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Garsa (via-Bhuntar), Kullu, H. P.

____________________________________________________________________________

Highland pasture migration of sheep during summer months is a conventional system of sheep

rearing in Himalayan region of India. The present study was under taken to evaluate the effect

of highland alpine pasture migration on the growth trends throughout the year, wool yield and

wool quality of adult migratory and non-migratory female sheep having 75% exotic blood. A

total of 159 synthetic adult female sheep were sent for migration on foot from farm location

(1200 meters altitude) to alpine pasture (3700 meters altitude) of Lahaul & Spiti region of HP

for 4 months (from mid-May 2012 to mid-September 2012) and reared under natural

conditions solely on grazing, and thereafter at institute farm under semi-intensive

management, to evaluate the growth performances in comparison to institute control adult

females (60 nos.) reared under semi-intensive management of farm conditions i.e. 8 hours

grazing and @450g/animal/day concentrate supplementation. Body weight of all the migratory

and non-migratory animals was recorded at the beginning of the experiment, at regular

monthly intervals during migration and one year post migration period. The growth and

production performance was evaluated in terms of body weight and wool production. The

results revealed that the average body weight gain of migratory female flock was exceptionally

higher (9.14 Kg) at the end of 4 months migration period as compared to control group

animals (1.96 kg). Under migration, highest adult average body weight (43.170.43 Kg) was

recorded at last month of migration at highland pasture. All the migratory animals returned

back from alpine pasture to farm location within 7-8 days on foot journey and due to walking

stress 3.21 kg average body weight loss was recorded, however, the growth trend during the

study period was always recorded to be higher in migratory animals and at the end of study

average body weight of migratory sheep was significantly higher (40.99 kg) as compared to

non-migratory control animals (37.13 kg). Also, the wool yield and staple length was found to

be better in migratory animals. Therefore, it can be concluded that high altitude alpine pasture

migration is a sustainable and economic method of sheep husbandry under Himalayan

conditions for better growth and production performances of sheep.

LHPP 13 Seasonal variations in the milk composition and somatic cell count at different

lactation stages of Tarai buffaloes

Begum Rizwana, Huozha R., Rastogi S. K., Kumar Om and Singh Praneeta

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant

University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar

____________________________________________________________________________

In this study, the milk compositions and somatic cell count (SCC) at different lactation stages

were investigated during summer and winter seasons. Raw milk samples were collected from

54 buffaloes each during the summer and winter in morning hours. The milk samples were

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analyzed for major milk components – Fat (%), Lactose (%), Protein (%), Urea (mg/dl)

contents by using Gerber‟s, Folin & Wu, Kjeldahl, DAM methods and SCC (SCC cells/ml;

DCC and microscope methods). Milk SCC, lactose and urea contents are slightly higher

during summer (0.967 x105 cells/ml, 4.534 ± 0.339 %, 34.607 ± 0.922 mg/dl) than winter

(0.933 x105 cells/ml, 4.296 ± 0.345 %, 34.23 ± 1.018 mg/dl) seasons, while the milk protein

and fat content are highest during the winter (4.906 ± 0.371 %, 6.511 ± 0.423 %) than the

summer (4.523 ± 0.338 %, 5.998 ± 0.388 %) seasons. In both the seasons the concentrations of

milk protein, fat, urea and SCC increased as lactation progressed. The protein content was

higher during early stage of lactation in the winter seasons whereas lactose was maximum in

mid stage of lactation in both the seasons. The seasonal variations existed in the composition

of milk and the milk SCC varied with the stages of lactation.

LHPP 14 Variations of energy biochemical metabolites in periparturient Barbari goats

Sharma Nitika, Kumar Ashok, Kumar Ravindra, Shivasharanappa N., Mishra A.K.,

Chaturvedi Vinay and Pawaiya R.V.S.

Animal Health Division, C.I.R.G, Makhdoom, Mathura

____________________________________________________________________________

Barbari is a medium sized goat breed having high reproductive yield and twinning percentage.

Twelve pregnant Barbari does were selected to study the variations in energy-related blood

metabolites during peri-parturient period and to highlight the negative energy balance rate

during this critical period. Blood from the jugular vein was collected from each doe on days 14

and 7 before the expected kidding time and also on days 0, 7 and 14 postpartum. The

concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), glucose and

aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity were determined. The serum metabolites were

measured over time hence a repeated measures approach using ANOVA with mixed linear

models was used. The results of our study indicated that the changes in BHBA concentrations

were between 0.117 and 0.379 mmol/l. Two does had BHBA concentrations above 1 mmol/l.

However, the number of does with abnormal NEFA concentrations (≥0.6 mmol/l) was seven.

The NEFA results are in agreement with the increased proportion of does with AST

concentrations greater than the threshold level (≥100 U/l). We conclude that similar to sheep,

negative energy balance occurs in Barbari goats during the periparturition period. NEFA

concentration is a better indicator of negative energy balance in Barbari goats.

LHPP 15 Formation of NET, apoptosis and expression of surface adhesion molecules and

Toll like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2 and TLR4) in neutrophils of mastitic cows.

Swain D.K., Kushwah M.S., Bhatt I., Kaur M. and Dang A.K.

Lactation and Immunophysiology Laboratory, Division of Dairy Cattle Physiology, NDRI, Karnal

____________________________________________________________________________

The present study was designed in 36 Sahiwal cows to see the changes occurring in the

neutrophil activity of cows suffering from subclinical (SCM) and clinical mastitis (CM).

Cows were divided into three groups as healthy (n=12), SCM (n=12) and CM (n=12) groups

on the basis of CMT scoring and by counting milk SCC. Significantly (P< 0.05) higher

phagocytic activity (PA) was found in milk neutrophils of SCM and CM cows as compared to

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control cows, whereas, viability was significantly (P< 0.05) lower in blood and milk

neutrophils of CM cows. The surface expression of CD11b increased significantly (P< 0.05) in

the CM cows both in blood and milk neutrophils, whereas, CD62L expression was

significantly (P< 0.05) decreased in CM cows as compared to SCM and control cows. Toll like

receptors 2 and 4 in blood and milk neutrophils were found to be significantly (P< 0.05)

higher, whereas, apoptosis in terms of altered mitochondrial transmembrane potential, Caspase

3 and 7 activities were found to be significantly (P< 0.05) lower in CM cows. Blood

neutrophils were found to be spherical as compared to milk neutrophils. Formation of

neutrophil extracellular trap (NETs) were found to be more in blood and less in milk

neutrophils of CM cows, whereas, SCM and healthy cows did not exhibit NET formation. The

study indicated a positive correlation between lower neutrophil apoptosis and higher

expression of TLR2 and TLR4 with the formation of NETs and change in surface architecture.

NETosis and formation of NET like structures seemed to be an effective mode of defense

employed by neutrophils of cows suffering from clinical mastitis.

LHPP 16 Haematobiochemical indices in peri-parturient goats

Sharma Nitika, Kumar Ashok, Kumar Ravindra, Mishra A.K, Chaturvedi Vinay,

Shivasharanappa N. and Singh M. K.

Animal Health Division, C.I.R.G, Makhdoom, Mathura

____________________________________________________________________________

The peri-parturient period of goats is often characterised by serious metabolic problems,

mainly prior to kidding. These complications are related to negative energy balance status,

however all causes are not completely defined. To improve the knowledge about pathogenesis

in this phase we have monitored the changes haematobiochemical indices. Twenty blood

samples were collected from 20 multiparous Barbari goats after morning milking. Samples

were collected around 3 weeks prior to parturition and 3 weeks after parturition. Haemoglobin,

albumin, total protein, globulin, PCV and RDW were determined. The mean values of

Haemoglobin decreased to 6.2 ± 0.54 in peri-parturient goats as compared to the dry period

(10.6± 0.5). The range of total protein and albumin decreased in peri-parturient goats which

ranged between 4.2-7.2 g/dl and 1.2-3.5 g/dl respectively. The mean RDW was 19.1± 0.23 in

peri-parturient goats. The metabolic stress and increased demands of the foetus in the last

weeks of pregnancy are responsible for changes in the hemato-biochemical profile which need

to be intervened by the nutritional supplements especially micro-minerals. The results bring

new knowledge on the values of blood indices in peri-parturient goats, which is necessary for

diagnostic interpretation of pathological findings in animals.

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Post 01 In-Vitro fertility assessment in Karan Fries bulls

Panmei A., Gupta A.K., Shivahre P. R., Yadav B. R., Bhakat M., Rajak S., Thakur K.,

Mohanty T. K.. Kumaresan A., Kumar S., Kumar A. and Singh P.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

To assess the fertility status of males for breeding purpose, accuracy of semen evaluation

has always been of great importance. Since, conventional techniques alone are not

reliable as these cannot define the fertilizing characteristics adequately, it is therefore,

necessary to evaluate the functional status of sperm organelles (acrosome) or integrity of

cellular components (membrane and chromatin) by fluorescent techniques as it is of

fundamental importance in fertilization process. Therefore, the present study was carried

out on 96 ejaculates of 15 Karan Fries (Holstein Friesian crossbred bulls maintained at

Artificial Breeding Research Centre, NDRI, Karnal, India with an objective to evaluate

the in-vitro fertility of bulls based on conventional and fluorescent seminal

characteristics. The average ejaculate volume (ml), sperm concentration (106/ml) mass

activity, individual motility (%), live (%), morphological abnormalities (%) HOST (%)

and acrosome integrity (%) were 4.57+ 0.36, 1162.98+ 97.93, 2.95+ 0.09, 60.8+ 1.22,

71.41+ 2.10, 9.31+ 1.15, 65.5+ 1.81 and 86.6+ 1.59, respectively. The averages of

seminal attributes of fluorescent based criteria of Chromomycin A3 (CMA3) (%), SYBR-

PI (%) and Fluorescent isothiocyanate-conjugated peanut agglutinin (FITC-PNA) (%)

were 3.53 + 0.43, 65.39 + 2.23 and 74.47 + 2.53, respectively. The repeatability estimates

of the seminal characteristics, viz., volume (ml), sperm concentration (106/ml) mass

activity, individual motility (%), live (%), morphological abnormalities (%) HOST (%)

and acrosome integrity (%) were 0.405, 0.397, 0.643, 0.643, 0.614, 0.709, 0.459 and

0.402 respectively. The bulls were ranked on the basis of Expected Producing Ability

(semen quality) for conventional semen characteristics and average semen characteristics

for fluorescent based semen criteria. Rank correlations were found to be significant for

SYBR-PI and FITC-PNA with most of parameters evaluated by conventional methods.

Overall, among conventional criteria, individual motility revealed ranking of bulls almost

similar to that of fluorescent criteria.

Post 02 Blood metabolic profile during late gestation and early lactation in Murrah

Buffalo


Department of Veterinary Physiology, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Akola,

M.S.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Blood metabolic profile includes biochemical and haematologicl parameters used in

assessing nutrition status and animal health. Blood samples were collected from the

jugular veins of 10 Murrah buffalo 15 days before parturition, on the day of parturition

and 15 days after parturition to study blood metabolites during late gestation and early

lactation. PCV, HB, TEC, TLC, DLC, MCH, MCV, MCHC was determined by standard

methods. Serum was separated and different biochemical parameters were estimated

using commercially available kits. The values for HB, PCV, TEC, lymphocyte,

monocyte, MCHC, MCH, albumin, glucose and triglyceride differed significantly

between late gestation and early lactation with higher level 15 days before parturition,

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decreased on the day of parturition and again increased 15 days after parturition. TEC

was significantly higher on the day of parturition while neutrophil was significantly

lower during late gestation. Total protein was significantly higher 15 days before

parturition while cholesterol was lowest 15 days before parturition. Eosinophil, Basophil,

MCV, Globulin and albumin did not vary significantly among the groups.

Post 03 Comparison of haematological and biochemical profile in cattle affected with

parturient paresis to that of normal cattle

Dalai N., Shekhar S., Dewangan B. K., Praveen P. K., Mohabe L., and Mohabe P.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

Parturient paresis is one of the most detrimental postpartum complications which mainly

occur within 72 hours of parturition. The present study was carried out to estimate

haematological and biochemical parameters in cattle suffering from parturient paresis in

comparison to normal cattle. The blood samples were collected and analyzed for

estimation of TEC, DLC, Hb, Glucose, serum Calcium and serum Magnesium level. All

these haematological parameters were studied using the standard procedure described by

Wintrobe (1960) and Schalm et al (1975). The statistical analysis revealed that there was

no significant change in the value of Hb, TLC, glucose level and serum Magnesium level.

DLC value showed that Neutrophil % (30.4±0.57) was significantly higher (P<0.01) in

cows affected with Parturient paresis than that of normal cattle (23.16±1.42).

Subsequently the serum Ca level (mg/dl) was found to be significantly lower (P<0.01) in

affected cattle (4.62±0.21 Vs 9.0±0.24) . These findings may be helpful for diagnosis and

to decide the line of treatment for parturient paresis in cattle.

Post 04 Mineral status affect the postpartum cyclicity in Murrah buffaloes

Kumar Rajesh, Gupta Meenakshi, Rose Manoj Kumar, Ghosh Mayukh and Singh

Inderjeet

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and

Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Minerals are the integral part of the animal metabolism, so they might have vital role in

the reproductive processes in the domestic animals. The blood collected from two groups

of Murrah buffaloes each consisting of twenty animals. Group I was of postpartum

anestrus (PPA) and group II was of cyclic buffaloes. The analysis of minerals in the

plasma revealed that the levels of Ca, P, Mn and Fe and Ca:P ratio were significantly

higher in cyclic animals than PPA animals. The levels of Zn, Cu and Mg did not show

any significant difference among the two groups studied. During production period there

is higher demand of nutrients and animal is under production stress. This type of stress

may affect the absorption and assimilation of nutrients thereby causing the deficiency of

Ca, P, Mn and Fe in PPA animals because all the animals were maintained under similar

feeding and managemental practices. The deficiency of these minerals in higher

producing animals may be the cause of PPA.

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Post 05 Effect of supplemental chromium on serum cortisol concentration and

growth weight in Sirohi goat kids

Sangekar S.V., Ingole S. D., Salve R. R., Nagvekar A. S. and Bharucha S. V.

Department of Physiology, Bombay Veterinary College, Parel, Mumbai – 12

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The study was conducted on 12 Osmanabadi goats aged between 2 – 4 mths. They were

divided into 2 groups as control (without 4% chromium) and treatment (with 4%

chromium) at the dose rate of 7.5mg/goat/day., The animals were kept in collective pens

with asbestos roof, under natural daylight and temperature conditions. They were

maintained under uniform standard conditions of feeding and management. The blood

samples were collected from both the groups before feeding 4% chromium and thereafter

feeding 4% chromium to the treatment group for 4 weeks. Sera was separated by

centrifugation and were stored at -200c until assayed for cortisol by RIA. The average

weight of kids before starting the experiment in control group was 7.1 kg and that of

treatment group was 5.52 kg and the cortisol levels 4.07 nmol/l and 2.86 nmol/l

respectively. It was observed that the cortisol levels decreased non significantly to 3.49

nmol/l on control group and to a level of 1.43 nmol/l in treatment group. In control group

the cortisol levels fluctuated and ranged between 3.32 – 3.72 nmol/l from 2 – 4 wks,

while in treatment group the decrease in cortisol levels was significant and decreased to a

level of 0.18 nmol/l in 4t wk. Similarly the weight of the kids in control group increased

to 8.85 kg while there was significant increase in treatment group from 5.51 kg to 8.05 kg

in 4th wk after feeding 4% chromium. Thus it can be concluded that on supplementing

4% Cr to the goat kids, the levels of cortisol decreases which is an indicator of decrease

in stress. This decrease helps in increase in the fed intake and body weight of the animal,

thus improving the overall performance.

Post 06 Effect of chromium on lactation performance and cortisol concentration in

Buffaloes

Desai J. G., Ingole S. D., Bharucha S. V., Nagvekar A. S. and Salve R. R.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, Bombay Veterinary College, Parel, Mumbai – 12

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The study was conducted on 12 Murrah buffaloes of early lactation about 1 mth after

calving. They were divided into 2 groups as control (without 4% chromium) and

treatment (with 4% chromium) at the dose rate of 187mg/buffalo/day. The animals

maintained under uniform standard conditions of feeding and management. The blood

samples were collected from both the groups before feeding 4% chromium and thereafter

feeding 4% chromium to the treatment group for 4 weeks. Sera was separated by

centrifugation and were stored at -200c until assayed for cortisol by RIA. The average

milk yield before starting the experiment in control and treatment group was 5.6 kg/day

and the cortisol levels were 2.29 and 3.7 nmol/l respectively. It was observed that the

decrease in cortisol levels in control group was non significant and was almost similar

throughout and decreased to a level of 1.80 nmol/l in 4th wk. The treatment group showed

a significant decrease in the levels of cortisol from 3.7 to 0.09 nmol/l respectively in 4th

wk. Similarly the milk yield of the control group did not show much variation and

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averaged between 5 – 5.6 kg/day and the treatment group showed an increase in the milk

yield from 5.6 to 7 kg/day. Thus it can be concluded that buffaloes fed with supplemental

4% chromium decreases serum cortisol concentration, which is an indicator for decrease

in stress and thus help in increasing the milk yield.

Post 07 Optimisation of Caprine hepatocyte cell culture

Phad Ashok Vyankati and Anand Laxmi

Dairy Cattle Physiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Isolated hepatocytes culture is now recognized as one of the most relevant practicl model

to study pharmacological and toxicological effects. The quality of cell culture not only

depends on the conditions applied after seeding, addition of various hormones to culture

is important for maintaining hepatocyte functions, morphology as well as structural

integrity. Several studies reveal, primary hepatocyte culture as a good model to study

qualitatively in vitro metabolic profile. The present study was conducted for the isolation

and culture of goat hepatocytes for a short duration of 72 h. The liver piece was

disaggregated in a collagenase solution. They were cultured in 6 well plastic dishes at a

density of 4.5x105

cell/cm2 of the well. Trypan blue exclusion method was used to

determine total percentage of viable cells. Mean ± SE was observed to be 81.75 % ±

1.05. In the culture hepatocyte cells functionality was assessed by estimating enzyme

Lactate Dehydrognase, secretion of albumin and urea in the culture medium supernatants

at the end of 24, 48, 72 h of incubations. These parameters are commonly used as indices

of hepatocyte function. Culture media collected at different interval of time was

centrifuged and stored at -200 C, till further assay. The different parameters were

estimated with the help of commercially available kits and according to manufacturer‟s

protocol. LDH is an indicator for cell membrane integrity. Active hepatocytes synthesize

albumin and metabolize ammonia to urea. On culture of hepatocytes at 370C under

controlled conditions in a CO2 incubator supplemented with antibiotics, the function of

the hepatocytes was optimal till 72 h post seeding. The conc. of albumin and urea

estimated at different time intervals was observed to be linear upto 72 h; whereas Lactate

Dehydrogenase first increased and then decreased over a period of 72 h. The cells

attached to the bottom of the plate firmly by 8 h post seeding. There were clear cell

boundaries between the cells and were cuboidal in shape. This model is simple and

economical for conducting experiments for a short duration of time. In ruminants

development of hepatocyte culture has been reported only in sheep and calf species. The

proposed model can be taken up for study on many aspects of liver physiology and

metabolism.

Post 08 Blood biochemical status in cyclic and postpartum anestrus buffaloes

Jayachandran S., Selvaraj P., Visha P., Nanjappan K. and Thavasiappan V.

Dept. of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu –

614 625. Tamilnadu

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A study was undertaken to assess the blood biochemical profile in anestrus buffaloes in

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the reproductive stage of second to fourth parity belongs to Namakkal, Salem and Karur

districts of Tamilnadu state. The buffaloes, which did not express estrus signs for more

than 5 months postpartum were examined gyneco-clinically twice at 10 days interval.

Those animals having smooth ovaries with no palpable structures and having no

clinically detectable abnormalities in their genital tract were categorized as true anestrus

animals (43 numbers, Group I). Ten numbers of regular cycling buffaloes maintained at

similar management and feeding conditions as anestrus animals were selected to serve as

control (Group II). Blood samples from true anestrus buffaloes and regular cycling

buffaloes were collected from jugular vein. The plasma was separated from the samples

and analysed for biochemical profile viz., blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-

cholesterol and triglycerides. The total cholesterol level for anestrus buffaloes was 136.39

± 4.19 mg/dl compared with 167.07 ± 6.03 in regular cyclic buffaloes. There was

significant reduction (P<0.01) in the total cholesterol level in anestrus condition.

However, the blood glucose, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides level did not differ

between anetrus and regular cyclic condition. It was concluded from the study that the

deficiency of plasma total cholesterol was observed during anestrus condition in

buffaloes.

Post 09 Plasma vitamin E, total carotenoids and fatty acids profile in cyclic and

postpartum anestrus buffaloes

Jayachandran S., Visha P., Selvaraj P. and Nanjappan K.

Dept. of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu.

Tamilnadu

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Vitamin E, total carotenoids and fatty acids have played a significant role in fertility

condition in animals. Hence, a study was carried out to ascertain the status of these

biochemical substances during anestrus condition in buffaloes. Healthy she buffaloes (43

Nos., in 2nd

to 4th parity, did not express estrus signs for more than 5 months post partum)

having smooth ovaries with no palpable structures by rectal examination done twice at 10

days interval were confirmed as true anesrus. Ten regular cycling buffaloes were kept as

control (Group II). Blood samples from true anestrus buffaloes and regular cycling

buffaloes were collected from jugular vein. The plasma was separated and analysed for

vitamin E, total carotenoids and fatty acids level. The mean plasma vitamin E level of

buffaloes in anestrus state was 0.317 ± 0.03 mg/dl compared to 0.319

± 0.04 mg/dl in

regular cyclic buffaloes. Similarly, the total carotenoids level was 1.44 ± 0.13 and 1.56 ±

0.11 µg/ml in anestrus and regular cycling buffaloes respectively. From the results, it is

observed that vitamin E and total carotenoids levels did not differ significantly between

anestrus buffaloes and regular cyclic animals. The plasma level of omega-6 fatty acids

was 13.21 per cent and omega-3 fatty acids was 5.09 per cent for the anestrus buffaloes

compared to 14.38 (omega-6) and 7.62 (omega-3) per cent in regular cyclic animals. The

plasma fatty acids profile did not differ between anestrus and regular cyclic buffaloes. It

could be inferred that the level of vitamin E, total carotenoids and unsaturated fatty acids

in plasma observed in this study may not have much influence on anestrus condition in

buffaloes.

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Post 10 Effect of mastitis on haematological parameters in cattle

Dalai N., Shekhar S., Mohabe L., Mohabe P., Praveen P. K., Dewangan B. K. and Rai R.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, Mahatma Gandhi Veterinary College, Bharatpur, Rajasthan

_______________________________________________________________________________________

An experiment was conducted to find out any differences in haematological changes in

mastitis affected cattle to that of normal cattle. For this the blood samples were collected

from 5 healthy normal cattle and 5 cattle clinically affected with mastitis identified with

the sign and symptoms and confirmed by strip cup test from Instructional Livestock Farm

Complex, MGVC, Bharatpur, Rajasthan. The haematological values of mastitic and non-

mastitic cattle were compared statistically and result revealed that there was significant

increase in the WBC count and ESR values in mastitic cattle and subsequently the values

of Haemoglobin, PCV and RBC count were significantly higher in normal cattle as

compared to affected ones.

Post 11 Effect of Foot and Mouth disease vaccination on antioxidants of Mithun (Bos

frontalis) semen


National Research Centre on Mithun (ICAR), Jharnapani, Nagaland

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of Foot and Mouth disease (FMD)

vaccination on semen quality parameters and biochemical profiles of mithun breeding

bulls were maintained at Semen Collection Centre, National Research Centre on Mithun,

Jharnapani, Nagaland. Semen ejaculates were collected from mithun bulls before and

after vaccination were used to the study. Results revealed that FMD vaccination affected

the sperm functional parameters and biochemical profiles significantly (p< 0.05) in

mithun bulls. The adverse effects of vaccination on these profiles suggest that the semen

collection and preservation should be stopped upto the normal fertility of sperm is

returned to avoid the conception failure using such semen in this precious species.

Post 12 Effect of addition of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) juice on the liquid

storage (5oC) of Mithun (Bos frontalis) semen


National Research Centre on Mithun, Jharnapani, Nagaland

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of Pomegranate (Punica granatum)

juice (PJ) on sperm functional and biochemical profiles in mithun semen. Semen

ejaculates were collected and were splited into four equal aliquots, diluted with the

TEYC extender. Group 1: semen diluted 1:2 with TEYC extender (control), group 2 to

group 4: semen diluted with 1:2 TEYC extender supplemented with 6 ml, 8 ml and 10 ml

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of PJ / 100 ml of diluent, respectively. These seminal parameters and biochemical

profiles were assessed at 5oC for 0, 6, 12, 24 and 30 h of incubation. Inclusion of PJ into

diluent resulted in significant (p < 0.05) decrease in percentages of dead spermatozoa,

abnormal spermatozoa and acrosomal abnormalities at different hours of storage periods

as compared with control group. Additionally, PJ at 6 and 10 ml were inferior to PJ 8 ml

treatments as regards to these characteristics and PJ at 8 ml has significant improvement

in quality of mithun semen in in vitro stored for up to 30 h. It was concluded that the

possible protective effects of PJ on sperm parameters are it enhanced the function of

antioxidant enzymes and prevent efflux of cholesterol and phospholipids from cell

membrane during preservation.

Post 13 Prolactin mRNA profiles in normal and siRNA transfected anterior

pituicytes in domestic hen.

Reddy I. J., Mishra Ashish and Mondal S.

National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bangalore

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Prolactin (PRL) is a peptide hormone that is mainly synthesized in the anterior pituitary

gland and is known to be involved in numerous biological actions in vertebrates. In avian

species, higher levels of PRL are associated with broodiness with decrease in egg

production. Control of higher levels of PRL with anti PRL agents, active immunization

against PRL and active immunization against PRL releasing factor i.e., vasoactive

intestinal peptide enhanced egg lay. These are all short term goals with some

disadvantages under normal husbandry practices. Our long term goals are to produce a

non-broody hen with normal levels of PRL by suppressing the PRL transcription and

translation during embryogenesis before an increase of PRL occursin hen anterior

pituicytes by RNAi method. We constructed a short specific small interfering RNA

(siRNA) for PRL and assessed its effects on PRL mRNA levels in primary cultured

anterior pituicytes in vitro by RNA interference. Designed three siRNAs based on turkey

and chicken PRL mRNA and conducted the suppression of PRL gene expression in

primary cultured anterior pituicytes obtained from adult domestic hen immediately after

the sacrifice. The cultured pituicytes were transfected with siRNA for PRL by using

lifectomine.Approximately sixty percent (60%) reduction in PRL mRNA was observed

following siRNA transfection of primary cultured anterior pituitary cells. To conclude,

the siRNA designed for PRL clearly suppressed PRL mRNA levels in siRNA

transfected cells. However, further studies are required to elucidate the effects of siRNA

for PRL on PRL receptor and growth hormone in anterior pituicytes in in vitro

conditions before assessing its effects in vivo by using an external siRNA transfection

agent to suppress PRL in white leghorn hens to optimise the egg lay in hen by RNA

interference of PRL.

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Post 14 Performance of Indian sheep under different housing system during summer

season

Singh D. N., Wadhwani K. N. and Patel A. M.

Department of Livestock Production & Management, DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance in terms of body weight gain

and feed intake in 20 adult female Marwari and Patanwadi sheep were randomly divided

in to four treatment groups on the basis of body weight each of five animals and housed

under covered area viz. T1: Asbestos sheet roofed house, T2 : Agro-net, T3 : under the

trees shade and T4 : under open during intense summer season. The experimental animals

at the end of the experiment attained 29.53 ± 0.28, 28.10 ± 0.21, 27.80 ± 0.27 and 27.62

± 0.19 kg body weights with total gain of 1.65, 0.90, 1.64 and 1.14 kg under T1, T2, T3

and T4, respectively. The shaded animals grew to the tune of 5.92, 3.30 and 6.26 % under

T1, T2, T3, respectively as compared to their initial body weight, where as non-shaded

sheep (T4) grew to the tune of 4.3 % in relation to their initial body weight. There was no

significant influence of treatments, period and interaction of T X P on body weight of

experimental animals. The experimental animals under T1 (750.25 ± 08.29) and T4

(722.58 ± 09.57) consumed daily dry matter intake (g) at par but had little higher in T2

(754.52 ± 13.67) and T3 (815.02 ± 12.92), differed significantly (p<0.05) from T1, T2 &

T3. The animals under tree (T3) consumed 8.6, 8.0 and 12.79% more dry matter as

compared to the animals under T1, T2 and T4. The daily dry matter intake irrespective of

treatments during different experimental periods differed significantly (p<0.05).

Post 15 Haematological profile of Tarai buffaloes during different seasons

Manjari P., Rastogi S.K., Huozha R., Kumar Sudhir and Yadav Mrigakshi


GBPUAT, Pantnagar

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Tarai buffalo is known to perform well under Tarai (hot and humid) climate and can be

maintained on low input system. For hematological studies, blood samples were collected

thrice from 20 adult (non-lactating and non-pregnant) animals, each during the months of

October, January and May. Hematological parameters were analyzed using standard

procedures. Overall mean values of TEC, PCV, Hb conc., MCV, MCH, MCHC, TLC,

lymphocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil and basophil were 7.71±0.13 x106/µl,

31.55±0.36%, 12.15±0.13 g/dl, 42.01±0.38 fl, 15.77±0.15 pg, 37.50±0.24 %, 12.59±0.26

x103/µl, 61.08±0.43%, 29.88±0.38%, 5.67±0.25%, 3.09±0.25% and 0.29±0.17%,

respectively. There was a significant (P≤0.05) difference in the mean values of TEC,

TLC, Hb concentration, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, lymphocyte, neutrophil, monocyte

and eosinophil count during summer and winter but no significant change was observed

in basophil count.

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Post 16 Effect of cooling during heat stress on physiological responces in late

gestation period of Murrah buffaloes

Aarif Ovais, Aggarwal Anjali and Upadhyay R. C.

Dairy Cattle Physiology Division, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana

_______________________________________________________________________________________

To study the impact of evaporative cooling system during heat stress on physiological

responses of murrah buffaloes eighteen healthy pregnant dry murrah buffaloes (second to

fourth parity) at sixty days prepartum were selected under hot dry climatic conditionsand

divided into two groups of nine animals each. Group 1 buffaloes remained as control

without provision of cooling during dry period. The second group of buffaloes were

managed under cooling during the dry period. The physiological responses viz. Rectal

temperature (40.72 ±0.13 and 38.64±0.07), Respiratory rate (77.42±0.68 and 44.89±0.75)

and Pulse rate (98.24±0.47 and 64.40±0.94) were significantly (P<0.01) lower in group 2,

with the provision of cooling in comparison to non cooled group. It is clear from the

above findings that evaporative cooling system is an efficient mechanism in alleviating

heat stress and hence manages normal health status and in turn productivity of animals.

Post 17 Expected correlated response in first lactation fertility traits due to selection

based on first lactation 305 day milk yield in Karan Fries (Holstein Friesian

crossbred) cows

Dash S. K., Gupta A. K., Manoj M., Bhakat M. K., Singh Avtar, Mohanty T.K., and

Chakravarty A. K.

Dairy Cattle Breeding Division, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The productivity of the animal is of primary importance in dairy farming for which the selection

of cows has been focused on their production potential. However, profitability of the dairy

farming also relies on superior fertility performance of the dairy cow. The current investigation

was undertaken to study the effect of such selection on the first lactation fertility performance in

Karan Fries cattle at NDRI herd. Data were collected on Karan Fries cattle from 1982–2012 and

the traits considered in the study were first lactation 305 day milk yield (F305MY), first service

period (FSP)and first calving interval (FCI). Least squares analysis indicated highly significant

(p<0.01) effect of period of first calving (PFC) and genetic group (GG) and non significant

effect of season of first calving (SFC) and age at first calving group (AFCG) on F305MY.

Effects of SFC, PFC and GG were highly significant (p<0.01) and AFCG was not significant

on FSP and FCI. The data were adjusted for significant effects and the genetic correlations of

F305MY with FSP (0.09) and FCI (0.17) were estimated. The genetic correlation indicated

negative association between the production and fertility traits. Paternal half sib heritability

estimates for F305MY, FSP and FCI were 0.39±0.09, 0.18±0.09 and 0.12±0.07, respectively.

Further, the correlated response was estimated for fertility traits considering the proportion of

dairy cows selected, based on F305MY, to be eighty percent (i.e. p=0.80). The estimates of

correlated response per generation for FSP and FCI were 0.53 and 1.03 days; which indicated

undesirable correlated response when direct selection of dairy cattle was done solely on the

basis of production performance.

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Post 18 Semen quality assessment in Tharparkar bulls

Panmei A.., Gupta A.K., Shivahre P.R., Bhakat M., Singh P. and Chakravarty A.K.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present investigation was carried out on males of Tharparkar breed of cattle

maintained at NDRI, Karnal, with an overall objective to evaluate the bulls on the basis

of conventional semen characteristics. A total of 29 ejaculates from 4 Tharparkar

breeding bulls available during the study period at Artificial Breeding Complex, NDRI,

Karnal, India, were analysed for evaluation of bulls on the basis of conventional

techniques. Semen was collected using artificial vagina twice a week and immediately

after collection, semen samples were evaluated by different parameters. The average

ejaculate volume (ml), sperm concentration (106/ml) mass activity (0-5 scale), individual

motility (%), live spermatozoa (%), morphological abnormalities (%) HOST (%) and

acrosome integrity (%) were 3.48+ 0.52, 1792.65+ 200.19, 3.13+ 0.13, 62.64+ 2.55,

79.08+ 2.28, 3.52+ 0.37, 69.0+ 2.07 and 88.1+ 1.16, respectively. The present study also

estimated the association among different semen quality parameters, that is., live

spermatozoa (%), morphological abnormalities (%) HOST (%), acrosome integrity (%)

and individual motility (%) by Pearson‟s coefficient of correlation. For TP bulls,

correlation between individual motility and live spermatozoa was 0.653. This was

statistically significant (P<0.01) indicating that semen sample with higher percent of live

spermatozoa also have high individual motility percent.

Post 19 Evaluation of serum micro mineral concentration in cyclic and acyclic

murrah buffalo

Dalai N., Shekhar S., Dewangan B. K., Rai R., Mohabe L., Mohabe P. and Rai M.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

In ruminants, number of factors like season and physiological variations such as those in

pregnancy, lactation and estrous can affect the serum chemistry and mineral levels.

Deficiency or excess of one mineral as single or in combine results in reproductive

failure. Therefore microelements like Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe) and Manganese

(Mn) are essential elements bearing a significant role in the animal reproduction. The aim

of the present study was to estimate the concentration of micro minerals in cyclic and

acyclic Murrah Buffaloes. For this, 10 cyclic and 10 acyclic Murrah Buffaloes were

selected and comparison was made through the analysis of serum samples to differentiate

the concentration of micro minerals in both types of Buffalo as mentioned above. The

results of this study showed that the micro mineral concentrations like Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn

were significantly higher in cyclic buffaloes than that of acyclic ones.

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Post 20 Estimation of haematological changes in Dogs affected with hemorrhagic

gastroenteritis

Dalai N., Shekhar S., Dewangan B. K., Rai R., Rai M. and Yadav R. S.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis is an acute disorder of dogs characterized by vomiting and

bloody diarrhoea. In this present study the haematological parameters were taken as a

diagnostic aid to made differences in between normal and hemorrhagic gastroenteritis

affected dogs. The affected cases were identified with the help of history and the

symptoms. The haematological tests were done in order to estimate the Hb, PCV, TLC

and DLC in 7 affected dogs and that of unaffected ones. The findings revealed that the

value of Hb and PCV were significantly lower and TLC was significantly higher in

affected dogs than that of normal ones. Findigs of DLC showed that Neutrophil along

with Eosinophil count were significantly higher in affected dogs than that of unaffected

ones.

Post 21 Haematological changes in bitch affected with pyometra

Dalai N., Shekhar S., Dewangan B. K., Yadav R. S., Rai R. and Rai M.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

Canine pyometra is an infectious and inflammatory disorder of the uterus typically

occurring in adult, intact bitches during or immediately after the luteal phase of the

estrous cycle. In this present study comparision was made between the haematological

parameters (Hb, PCV, TLC and DLC) through collection of blood samples from 5

pyometra affected bitches and that of normal ones. It was found that the value of Hb and

PCV was significantly lower and TLC was significantly higher in bitches affected with

pyometra than that of normal ones. The estimation of DLC revealed that the Neutrophil

count was significantly higher and Lymphocyte count was significantly lower in

pyometra affected bitches than that of normal ones.

Post 22 Effect of supplementing rumen-protected lysine and methionine on growth

performance and nutrient utilization in growing Hariana heifers



Uttar Pradesh 281001

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A three months growth trial including six days digestion trial was conducted to observe

the effect of rumen protected lysine and methionine on growth performance and nutrient

utilization in growing heifers of Hariana breed. Eighteen heifers were randomly

distributed into three treatment groups i.e. control (C), treatment 1 (T1) and treatment 2

(T2) on body weight basis. Heifers of all the groups were fed with basal ration consisting

of wheat straw, sorghum fodder and concentrate mixture as per requirement. Animals in

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T1 group were fed basal ration with supplementation of 1 g rumen protected methionine

(RPM, Metipearl, Kemin) and 5 g rumen protected lysine (RPL, Lysipearl, Kemin) and

animals in T2 group were fed basal ration supplemented with 2 g RPM and 10 g RPL as a

supplementation with the basal diet. Dry matter intake, body weight and feed conversion

ratio were estimated fortnightly. Gain in body weight was estimated both daily and

fortnightly. Average daily gain (ADG) and fortnightly weight gain were significantly

impacted (P=0.02) by treatment and T1 and T2 groups of animal were found to have 16

and 17% more gain than control group (ADG of C, T1 and T2 groups were 542.59,

629.63 and 635.18 g/d, respectively). Feed conversion ratio was significantly reduced

(P<0.001) by 25% and 27% in T1 and T2 diet, respectively than control. Digestibility

coefficient of crude protein were found 9% and 13% higher (P>0.05) in T1 and T2

groups than control and ADF digestibility was observed 16% more (P>0.05) in T1 group

than control. Thus supplementation of rumen protected lysine and methionine improved

the feed efficiency and growth rate of growing Hariana heifers without affecting dry

matter intake.

Post 23 Physiological responses and heat dissipation capacity of different body parts

during thermal stress in crossbred cattle


Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India

243001

_______________________________________________________________________________________

To study the effect of thermal stress on physiological changes and surface body

temperature at different locations four dry crossbred cattle were exposed to 25, 35 and

400C temperature with relative humidity of 40-50% in the psychrometric chamber for 5

hours/day from 10:00 to 15:00 hours for 21 days. The respiratory rate (RR), rectal

temperature (RT) and pulse rate (PR) were recorded at 10.00 and 15:00 hours every day.

The surface temperatures at fore leg, head, neck, back (lumbar region), thigh and hind leg

were taken at 10.00 and 15:00 hours at five day interval (1st, 6

th, 11

th, 16

th and 21

st) with

the help of infra-red digital thermometer. The RT, RR and PR increased significantly

(P<0.05) after thermal exposure at 35 and 400C as compared to before exposure. Surface

temperature (ST) was highest at neck region both before and after thermal exposure at all

the temperatures except at 400C where ST was highest at head region. At 35

0C thermal

exposure the heat dissipation capacity was maximum at neck region and minimum at

hind leg region. At 400C thermal exposure the least heat dissipation capacity was of the

head region. From the present study it can be concluded that thermal exposure increased

the RT, RR and PR in an attempt to acclimatize increased heat load. Heat dissipation

capacity of different body parts also varied with degree of thermal exposure.

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Post 24 Effect of parity, period and season of calving in production and reproduction

traits in Deoni cattle

Basak S., Das D.N., Jeyakumar S. and Soumya N. P.

Genetics Laboratory, Dairy Production Section, Southern Regional Station of National Dairy Research

Institute, Adugodi, Bangalore, Karnataka

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A total of 711 lactation records spread over 11 years (2002-2012) in 274 Deoni cattle,

maintained at National dairy Research Institute, Southern Campus, Bangalore were used

to study the effect non-genetic factors on production and reproduction traits. Lactation

records of Deoni cows were classified intofive parities (1, 2, 3, 4 and ≥5), six periodseach

one with two yearintervaland three seasonsviz., winter (November - February), summer

(March - June) and rainy (July - October). Statistical analysis was performed by using

SPSS 16.0 software for Windows. On analysis, overall mean lactation milk yield,

lactation length, service period and calving interval were estimated as 819.98 ± 16.5 kg,

195.23 ± 2.62, 158.78 ± 3.5 and 445.97 ± 3.67 days, respectively. Effect of parity and

period on lactation milk yield and length was found to be highly significant (P<0.01).

Similarly, significant influence (P<0.01) of period was observed on service period and

calving interval of the cattle. Effect of season on lactation length, service period and

calving interval was found to be non-significant, however, lactation milk yield was

influenced significantly (P<0.05) by season.

Post 25 Serum calcium and phosphorus levels of Mecheri lambs under two rearing

systems and supplementation


Department of Livestock Production and Management, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal

- 637 002, Tamil Nadu.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A study was undertaken to assess the serum calcium and phosphorus levels of Mecheri ram

lambs under two systems of rearing with two types of supplementation. In the growth trial,

weaned main season lambs (40 animals in five groups of eight lambs each) were reared under

two systems of rearing viz., grazing (T1 -control, T2 -concentrate and T3 -urea molasses

mineral block supplementation) and stall feeding (T4-concentrate and T5-UMMB

supplementation) for a period of 150 days and blood samples were collected at 30, 60, 90,

120 and 150 days of experiment. The study revealed that, serum calcium values estimated in

different treatment groups differed significantly at 30 days, 120 days and 150 days of the

experiment. At 150 days, highest values (10.50 ± 0.24 mg/dl) were found in T3 followed by

T5, T4, T3 and lowest value was found in T1. Generally supplemented groups (T3 and T5) had

higher calcium levels. Among supplemented groups, UMMB supplemented lambs had higher

values than concentrate feed supplemented lambs. This might be due to higher level of

calcium in the UMMB. But there was no significant difference between the rearing systems.

The results concluded that some form of calcium supplementation is very much needed for

sheep kept on grazing without supplementation, especially for those under poor grazing

condition. The serum phosphorus values of main season lambs differed between the groups

from 90 days of experiment. At 120 and 150 days of age, higher values were observed in T2

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group and they differed significantly (P< 0.05) with T1 group alone. At the finishing stage

(150 days) highest serum phosphorus value was reported in T2 (5.62 ± 0.17 mg/dl) followed

by T4, T5, T3 and lowest value was recorded for T1 (4.24 ± 0.16 mg/dl). In general,

concentrate supplemented groups had the higher serum phosphorus levels compared to other

groups. The higher phosphorus in the groups is due to the rice bran included in the

concentrate feed. UMMB supplemented groups did not differ with concentrate supplemented

groups, since phosphorus is included in UMMB also. The values of serum phosphorus were

higher at the end of the experiment compared to the initial levels in all supplemented groups.

In unsupplemented group (T1) the values did not follow definite pattern.

Post 26 Methiorep-a herbal alternative to synthetic DL-methionine for poultry layer

birds

Kumari Kiran, Tiwari S. P., Ravikanth K. and Thakur A.

Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Sciences, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Since the poultry production is growing in India, demand of methionine is increasing day

by day. We are mostly dependent on the import to fulfill our requirement of synthetic

methionine. An experiment was conducted on Rhode Island Red (RIR) layer birds from

20 to 35 weeks of age to investigate the effect of supplementing herbal methionine

(Methiorep supplied by M/S Ayurvet Ltd, Baddi, HP) that replaced synthetic DL-

methionine in the diets of layer birds. Ninety 15 weeks old RIR chickens were randomly

divided into 3 experimental groups, each of which comprised of three replicates of ten

birds. Group I- basal diet without methionine, Group II-basal diet with DL methionine @

1kg/ton of feed, Group III- basal diet with Methiorep (herbal methionine) @ 1 kg/ton of

feed. The efficacy was compared on the basis of egg production and egg quality

attributes. On the basis of results of the experiment, the feed intake (g/hen/day) was

comparable in both the treated groups. The egg production (90.32 % in group II and

90.04 % in group III) and egg weight (56.25 g in group II and 56.13 g in group III) was

significantly high as compared to control (80.85% and 50.45 g) The percentage mortality

was 1.70 in group II and 1.65 in group III as compared to 3.05 in control. The percentage

of egg components was comparable in all the groups without any significant difference.

Synthetic methionine is produced either by genetic engineered sources and involves the

use of highly toxic and hazardous chemicals such as HCN, ammonia and methyl

mercaptaldehyde, which results in significant pollution of environment. Keeping in view

the harmful aspects of synthetic methionine it can be concluded that herbal methionine

(Methiorep) can successfully replace synthetic DL-methionine in the poultry layer ration.

Post 27 Efficacy of zinc in prevention of piglet diarrhea

Deka Ilakshy, Goswami J., Saikia A., Kalita D. and Sarmah B.C.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University,

Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Piglet diarrhoea is basically caused due to the E.Coli infection that take place as a result

of atrophy of the intestinal lining of the epithelium following weaning which attributes

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heavy economical loss to the pig farmer. To address this burning problem of the pig

farmer, the present experiment was designed at AICRP on Pig, College of Veterinary

Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati by supplementing

different graded level of zinc in the piglet diet (feed). Forty (40) numbers of crossbred

(Hampshire X Assam Local) piglets of 52 days old were selected for the study. The

piglets were divided randomly into 4 equal groups and maintained under zinc

supplemented feed for a period of 14 days (from 52 to 64 days of age). The piglets were

weaned at 56 days. The Group-I (Control) was offered 100ppm of ZnSO4 as per NRC

recommendation. The group II, Group III and Group IV of the experimental groups were

fed pharmacological dose level 1000ppm, 2000ppm and 3000ppm zinc respectively.

Blood collection was done at 1st, 7

th and 14

th day of feeding for estimation of different

blood parameters. Daily monitoring for piglet diarrhoea was done. From this study it is

observed that, in group III and IV, there was no evidence of piglet diarrhoea whereas in

Group II only two piglets and in group I six piglets were observed of having diarrhoea

during the experimental period. The analyzed blood serum profile of zinc, copper,

calcium, phosphorus, glucose, amylase, total protein, globulin and albumin supports the

role of zinc in prevention of piglet diarrhoea. It is concluded that 2000ppm of zinc

supplementation to the pre-weaned have higher efficacy in preventing piglet diarrhoea.

From economical point of view additional expenditure of Rs. 21.56 / piglet for 14 days to

supplementation 2000ppm of zinc in the diet of the pre-weaned piglet will prevent piglet

from piglet diarrhea which might have a loss of minimum Rs. 500. Therefore the farmer

will be benefited by at least Rs. 478.44 / piglet.

Post 28 Semen quality of roosters developed through In ovo thermal treatment

Shanmugam M., Vinoth A., K. Rajaravindra S. and Rajkumar U.

Project Directorate on Poultry, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Epigenetic heat adaptation during embryogenesis improves adaptation to heat stress in

adult chicken. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of higher temperature

during incubation on rooster semen quality during hot climatic condition. Male chicks

hatched from normal incubation temperature (37.5C and 65% relative humidity;

Control-C) and higher incubation temperature (39.5C and 65% relative humidity; heat

exposed-HE) provided between 16-18th day of incubation for 3 hours each day were

reared and evaluated for semen quality during high ambient temperature (THI 80.94). At

64 weeks of age semen from eight roosters from each group was collected and evaluated

for different gross semen parameters, hypo-osmotic swelling test, sperm chromatin

damage and seminal plasma cortisol. The results showed no significant difference

between the groups in any of the parameters studied except for abnormal sperm that were

lower in the HE birds. From the results it was concluded that higher temperature during

incubation reduced abnormal sperm percent during heat stress. Further research on

duration and time of heat treatment during incubation is needed to bring overall

improvement in rooster semen quality during heat stress.

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Post 29 PCR-RFLP and sequencing of 12S rRNA gene of Cattle, Buffalo and Yak

Saikia D. P., Kalita D.J., Borah P., Zaman G.U., Sarma S., Barman N.N. and Dutta R.

College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Guwahati, Assam

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Combination of Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with restriction fragment length

polymorphism (RFLP) and nucleotide sequencing is the most preferred and efficient

method for characterization of different species in terms of the detection power and

applicability to large scale screening. The present study was carried out with an aim to

develop a molecular fingerprint and sequencing of mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene of the

cattle, buffalo and yak. Blood samples were collected randomly from five different

animals of each species for mitochondrial DNA extraction. The extracted DNA was used

for the amplification of 12S rRNA gene using universal primers. The size of the

amplified products was 456bp. RFLP studies were carried out by digesting the amplicons

using restriction enzymes viz. AluI and HhaI. The resulting RFLP pattern could easily

identify and differentiate the genetic diversity of each of the species. Sequencing of the

amplicons in all the three species was carried out to confirm the variations at nucleotide

level. Sequence analysis of the 12S rRNA gene using DNA STAR software, MEGA5

software and also PCR-RFLP has revealed that of 12S rRNA gene can be used as

molecular marker for study of genetic diversity among cattle, buffalo and yak.

Post 30 Studies on physiological, hematological and biochemical parameters in

working Hallikar bullocks

Sudhakar M. L., Narayana Swamy M., Veena T., Yathiraj S., Jayashankar M. R. and

Honnappa T. G.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was undertaken with the objective of determining physiological,

hematological and biochemical parameters in working Hallikar bullocks at three sessions

with an minimum interval of ten days. Eight Hallikar bullocks of three to five years age

maintained by the farmers at Tiptur taluk, Karnataka state and used for ploughing of land

for agricultural purposes were considered for the present study. Physiological responses

like pulse rate, heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature and ruminal motility were

recorded prior to and after four hours of ploughing work. Hematological parameters such

as total erythrocyte count, total leucocyte count, packed cell volume, hemoglobin content

and differential leucocyte count were performed. Similarly, serum biochemical

constituents such as sodium, potassium, lactate dehydrogenase activity, urine pH,

creatinine and total protein were estimated using commercially available kits. Blood

glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate levels were estimated using glucometer, optium Xceed.

The values of physiological and hematological parameters increased significantly

(P<0.05) at post work condition compared to pre-work condition except ruminal motility.

Among the different leucocytes, there was significantly (P<0.05) reduced eosinophils per

cent at post work. Biochemical parameters showed significant (P<0.05) increase at post

work compared to pre work status except blood glucose levels and LDH activity. It was

concluded that there were significant variations of certain physiological, hematological

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and biochemical parameters at post work condition in Hallikar bullocks that necessitates

rest period in between working schedule and demand for adequate water requirement to

working bullocks.

Post 31 Effect of liquid nitrogen levels during storage of cryopreserved (frozen)

semen of Bhadawari buffalo bulls


Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry,

DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Forty eight semen ejaculates collected from 4bhadawari buffalo bulls were cryopreserved

and stored at various levels of liquid nitrogen to study the effect of different levels of

liquid nitrogen on various post thaw seminal parameters. overall mean values for various

seminalattributes viz. Post Thaw Motility (PTM- %), Hypo Osmotic Swelling Test

(HOST - %) and cervical mucous penetration test (CMPT – mm ) were 60.22 ± 1.08 ,

55.44 ± 0.60,50.44 ± 0.80, 33.72± 0.65,59.39 ± 1.22, 56.89 ± 1.72, 53.50 ± 1.56, 45.11 ±

1.84, 30.39 ± 1.08, 29.39 ± 1.12, 28.61 ± 1.18, and 23.94 ± 1.32 while liquid nitrogen

level was full (100%)3/4 th (75%), half (50%) and 1/4

th (25%) of frozen semen

straw,respectively. The overall percent post thaw motility, percent HOS positive sperm

and the mean distance travelled by vanguard spermatozoa (CMPT) was found

significantly lower(P< 0.01) when the liquid nitrogen remained 1/4th level of straws as

compared to full, 3/4th ,and1/2 levels. Overall mean values for Post Thaw Motility

(PTM), Hypo Osmotic Swelling Test (HOST) and cervical mucus penetration test

(CMPT) were best observed during the full level of liquid nitrogen and drops

significantly when level of liquid nitrogen reaches to 1/4th level of semen straws and

remain for 24 hrs.

Post 32 Association of conception rate with physico-chemical properties of cervical

mucus in Hariana and Sahiwal cows


Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry,

DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Fertility is the most valuable economic determinant in the success of dairy sector. Proper time

of insemination is one of the most essential component of reproductive management as it

contributes towards the actual conception rate / pregnancy rate in dairy animals. Critical

analysis of cervical mucus in relation to the stage of estrus is the foremost and mandatory to

underscore the correct time of insemination in the dairy animals. In this regard the present

study was undertaken over 42hariana cows and 32 sahiwal cows at ILFC, DUVASU,Mathura

to find out the relationship between conception rate and the physico-chemical properties of

cervico-vaginal mucus. The cervico-vaginal mucus was collected using sterile blue sheath

before AI on the day of standing estrus. These mucus samples were examined for quantity

(scanty/ moderate/ copious), appearance (transparent/ transluscent), consistency (thin /

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moderate / thick), spinbarkeit value, fern pattern (nil/atypical/ typical), pH and electrical

conductivity. Cows were inseminated artificially and pregnancy was confirmed after 45 days

of AI. There was significantly (P<0.05) higher conception rate in cows with cervico-vaginal

mucous having typical fern pattern(56%) compare to atypical fern pattern (16%) and no

conception was recorded in the estrual mucus with nil fern pattern. Thus present study shows

that for augmentation of conception rate cows should be inseminated at proper stage of estrus

on the basis of physico-chemical properties of cervical mucus.

Post 33 Antihyperglycemic effect of aqueous leaves extracts of Costus pictus,

Solanum nigrum and their combination in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Ranjitha V. H., Narayana Swamy M., Veena T., Krishnaswamy A., Satyanarayana M.

L. and Upendra H. A.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

The aqueous extract of the leaves of Costus pictus (Family: Costaceae) commonly known as

insulin plant and Solanum nigrum (Family: Solanaceae) commonly known as black night

shade and their combination were studied for their antihyperglycemic effect in alloxan

induced diabetic rats. Thirty male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups

(n=6). Group I served as normal control. Diabetes was induced in group II to V by

intraperitoneal administration of single dose of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg). Group II

was kept as diabetic control throughout the study. Group III rats were gavaged once daily at

morning hours between 9.00 AM to 10.00 AM with aqueous extract of Costus pictus leaves

@ 100 mg/kg bw, Group IV rats with aqueous extract of Solanum nigrum leaves @ 100

mg/kg bw and Group V rats with both the aqueous extract of Costus pictus @ 50 mg/kg bw

and Solanum nigrum @ 50 mg/kg bw for a period of 56 days. The changes in blood glucose

level and body weight were measured at seven days interval and it was found that in all the

extracts supplemented groups, the glucose levels significantly (P<0.05) decreased to the

normal levels on day 49 and 56. The Group V that received combination of extracts showed

better improvement in body weight compared to Group III and Group IV on day 49 and 56.

After 56 days of study, the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and pancreas from all

the rats were collected for histo-pathological examination and it was found that the pancreas

of Group V, that received the extracts of both the plants showed better islet population and

more number of islet cells compared to regeneration of islet population in Group III and IV. It

is hypothesized that the leaves extracts of Costus pictus and Solanum nigrum could be used

to normalize blood glucose levels, to improve the body weight and for better regeneration of

pancreatic islet cells in diabetic conditions.

Post 34 Ovarian antral follicular dynamics and biochemical profile of ovarian

follicular fluid in non-descript goats of Karnataka

Tungal Seema S., Swamy Narayana M., Veena T., Honnappa T. G. and Bhaskaran R.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

A study was carried out to elucidate ovarian antral follicular dynamics and biochemical

profile of certain components in ovarian follicular fluid of non-descript goats of

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Karnataka. Three hundred ovaries were collected from healthy non-descript goats

slaughtered at meat production centre, Bangalore during the months of September to

December, 2012. The surface ovarian antral follicles were categorized into three groups

based on the diameter as Group I (small, 1 to 2.9 mm), Group II (medium, 3 to 5 mm)

and Group III (large, >5 mm) follicles. The follicular fluid collected and pooled as per the

groups of follicles was analysed for the levels of glucose, total protein, albumin, total

cholesterol, estradiol-17β, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase activities. The

results of the present study revealed significantly (P<0.05) higher number of medium

sized follicles compared to small and large sized follicles. The glucose content and acid

phosphatase activities were significantly (P<0.05) higher in small follicles compared to

medium and large follicles which could be attributed to the nutritional requirement of

more glucose during early stages of antral follicular development. The total protein,

albumin levels and alkaline phosphatase activities differed non-significantly between

various groups of follicles. Total cholesterol and estradiol-17β levels were significantly

(P<0.05) higher in large follicles compared to small and medium follicles which could be

due to growth and development of granulosa cells. It was concluded that the findings of

the present study on ovarian antral follicular dynamics and biochemical profile of

follicular fluid in non descript goats could be useful for in vitro maturation and

fertilization in goats.

Post 35 Haematological profile of Gaolao heifers

Kapale P.M., Jagtap D.G. and Badukale D.M.

Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The importance of Hematological studies in animal health and disease is well known. The

Hematological Profile indicates the nutritional status and production capacity of the animals.

The present study was under taken to generate the hemogram of Gaolao cattle breed of

Vidharbha region of Maharashtra State. Fifteen Gaolao, heifers ranging from one to three years

of age at „Government Cattle Breeding Farm, Hetikundi, Dist. Wardha‟ were selected for the

study. Blood samples were collected and analyzed immediately for total erythrocytes,

hemoglobin, PCV, MCV,MCH, MCHC, total leucocytes and differential leucocytes count. The

hematological parameters were studied using standard procedure described by Wintrobe (1960)

and Schalm et al (1975). Pandey and Pal (1971) reported TEC (9.09±0.22 million/mm), TLC

(9.93±0.32 thousand/mm) and Hb (11.67±0.28%) in Hariyana young ones. Patel et al. (1965)

reported Lymphocytes (64±1.5%), Eosinophils(6±0.4%) and monocytes (3±0.2%)in gir young

ones above one year of age. Hb 7.32 gm% in heifers above one year and 7.85gm% in heifers

above two and half year age was reported by Sharma and Satish Chander (1970). Mullic and

Pal (1942) recorded TEC (11.6 million/mm), TLC (13.1 thousand/mm) and Hb (14.6%) in

Harayana young ones. Hematological study of 15 healthy heifers of Gaolao cattle breed has

been carried out. And the observations were as follows. The mean ± S.E. values of total

erythrocyte (10.3±0.million/cu mm.), Hb (11.92±0.33gm%), PCV (34.07±1.11%), MCV

(33.14±0.75cuu), MCH (11.63±0.32uugm), MCHC (35.07±0.70%), TLC(9.51±0.92

thousand/cu mm), Lymphocytes (64.93±1.74%), Neutrophil (28.93±1.8%), Monocyte

(2.2±0.34%), Basophil (0.2±0.11) and Eosinophil (3.7±0.44%) have been reported in Gaolao

heifers. These differences in hematological values of different breed could be due to nutritional,

managemental and environmental factors (Talvekar et al. 1980).

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Post 36 Management of heat stress in organised broiler farms of Tirunelveli district,

Tamilnadu

Ramakrishnan V., Rajathi S. and Vinayaki M. Sundara

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Veterinary College and Research Institute,

Tirunelveli

_______________________________________________________________________________________

In many developing countries like India, poultry production is based mainly on

traditional extensive systems. Heat stress often is a common economic problem. High

ambient temperatures can be a devastating effect to commercial broiler production.

Coupled with high humidity, high temperatures can have even more harmful effects. Heat

stress interferes with the birds comfort and suppresses productive efficiency. In an

organised broiler farm in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu reported that in May and

June months, farmers faced problems with decreased feed intake, decreased body weight

gain and increased mortality compare to earlier months of this year. The following

practices were advised to the farmers for the above problems. During the hotter periods

of the day any additional stress like vaccination, transfer, or any other kind of handling

on the birds should be avoided and should be done during the coolest period of the day,

as calmly and gently as possible. Stocking density of the birds should be reduced and

advised them to give cool drinking water to broilers. One third of the daily feed ration

should be given in the early morning and two thirds in the late afternoon and withdrawal

of the feed 8 hours prior to the anticipated time of peak temperature. Advised to use oil

up to 5 percentage in diet with an additional advantage of oil (the content of linoleic acid)

improving the production performance. Fat has also been shown to slow down feed

passage through the gastro-intestinal tract and therefore increases nutrient utilisation.

Advised to use 250-400 mg ascorbic acid/kg of feed along with 1 percentage of

electrolytes in drinking water would improve the immune status of the birds. Above

management practices were followed in that farm and it increased the production

performance of the broilers with increased body weight gain and decreased mortality.

Thereby these practices would effectively improve the economic status of the farmers.

Post 37 Effect of vitrification on the morphological status of post –thawed goat

oocytes

Vinayaki M. Sundara, Majumdar A.C., Sharma G. Taru and Ramakrishnan V.

Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, U.P

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A relatively recent approach to achieve freezing without use of freezing machine is called

vitrification. It is defined as the physical process by which a highly concentrated solution

of crytoprotectants solidified during cooling without formation of ice crystals. The

present study was undertaken to Effect of vitrification on the morphological status of post

–thawed goat oocytes.The total of 132,140,137,136 and 130 oocytes were examined

morphologically in group 1,2,3,4 and 5 respectively. The caprine oocytes were vitrified at

0 (Group 1), 6 (Group 2), 12 (Group 3), 18 (Group 4) and 27 (Group 5) hours of

maturation. After storage , the straws were taken out of liquid N2 , kept in air for 5

seconds and then plunged into water bath 370c for 15 seconds. The contents of the

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straws were drained into a sterile petridish cutting the two ends and cryoprotectant moved

by placing the oocytes in to 1 molar sucrose solution prepared in DPBS. Vitrified oocytes

were thawed and allowed to complete 27 hours of maturation. The frozen thawed

oocytes were subjected for morphological examination under the microscope. The normal

oocytes were examined morphologically in group 1, 93.9%, in group 2,89.2%, in

group3,91.2%, in group4,87.5% and in group 5,93%.They did not differ significantly

(P>0.05).Abnormal oocytes showed cracked and broken Zona pellucida. In case of

cracked Zona pellucida following percentage from each group were observed. Group1,

6.06%, group 2,10.7%, group 3,8.7%,group 4,12.5% and group 5,6.92%.They were not

statistically significant.In case of broken zona pellucid these groups showed

3.75%,7.14%,5.83%,6.61% and 3.84% respectively and also were non-significant.

Post 38 Effect of non-hormonal treatments on postpartum true anoestrus crossbred

dairy cows

Bora Bhaskar, Perumal P., Bonia K. K., Khan M. H. and Biswas R. K.

National Research Centre on Mithun (ICAR), Jharnapani, Nagaland

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was conducted to study the efficacy of different medicaments on

postpartum anoestrus crossbred cows. Total of 20 post partum anoestrus crossbred cows

were selected based on the case history and rectal palpation from the private dairy farm in

and around the Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam. The animals were split into two groups

(n=10) and treated with Vitamin A + Tonophosphan (group 1), Vitamin A +

Tonophosphan + Genital Massage (group2). Result of experiment revealed that number

of animal responded and conceived were higher and duration between the initiation of

treatment and expression of heat was shorter in group 2 treatment and expression of

various heat signs were more prominent in this group 2 treatment. Similarly the

biochemical profiles were higher in responded animal than non- responded and in group

2 treatment. Moreover the biochemical profiles were significantly higher in day of

induced oestrus, day 20 than day 10 or 0 of treatment in responded animal and higher in

group 2 treatment. It was concluded that group 2 (Vitamin A + Tonophosphan + Genital

Massage) treatment was given better response to the postpartum anoestrus in crossbred

cows.

Post 39 Haematological status in Jersey x Sahiwal repeat breeder cows


Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Parbhani, Maharashtra

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present investigation was carried out at Cattle Breeding Farm of Nagpur Veterinary

College, Nagpur. Two groups of Jersey X Sahiwal cross breed, regular breeding and

repeat breeding cows, consisting six animals in each group were selected for present

study to compare certain haematological parameters. The blood samples were collected

by jugular vein puncture. The first blood sample were collected at the time of

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insemination (0 day) from each cow, whereas, second and third samples were collected

on 7th and 15

th day, respectively, from the day of insemination of two different groups of

regular and repeat breeding cows. The analysis was done by using standard procedure. It

was observed that, significant (P<0.05) decrease of haemoglobin concentration and

packed cell volume and significant (P<0.05) increase in total leukocyte count were

recorded in repeat breeder cows, as compare to regular breeder cows. The total

erythrocyte count remained significantly (P<0.01) lower in repeat breeder cows. Non

significant difference in all the values on 0, 7th, and 15

th days of oestrus cycle in both the

groups was noted.

Post 40 Erythrocytic indices and leukocyte profile in Jersey x Sahiwal repeat breeder

cows


Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Parbhani, Maharashtra

_______________________________________________________________________________________

In the present study two groups of Jersey X Sahiwal cross breed, regular breeding and

repeat breeding cows, consisting six animals in each group were formed to compare

certain haematological parameters. The blood samples were collected by jugular vein

puncture. The first blood sample were collected at the time of insemination (0 day) from

each cow, whereas, second and third samples were collected on 7th and 15

th day,

respectively, from the day of insemination of two different groups of regular and repeat

breeding cows. The analysis was done by using standard procedure. The erythrocytic

indices was calculated by using the obtained values of packed cell volume, total

erythrocyte count and haemoglobin concentration in formula. Whereas, differential

leukocyte count by standard procedure. It was observed that, significantly (P<0.01)

higher values of mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin was noted

in repeat breeder cows. Non significantly lower values of mean corpuscular haemoglobin

concentration was recorded in repeat breeder cows, as compare to regular breeder. The

lymphocyte and eosinophil counts in repeat breeder cows were significantly (P<0.01)

lower, whereas, neutrophil count was significantly (P<0.01) higher in repeat breeder

cows. However, monocyte was nonsignificantly higher and basophil count remained

nonsignificantly lower, in repeat breeder cows. The differential leucocyte count indicated

significant neutrophilia with relative lymphopenia, in repeat breeder group of cows. Non

significant difference in all the values was recorded on 0, 7th, and 15

th days of oestrus

cycle in both the groups.

Post 41 Haematological studies in relation to age and sex in Deoni cattle

Deshpande S. D. and Sawant M. K.

Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Parbhani

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Haematology plays an important role in knowing the health status of an animal. Deoni is

one of the popular dual purpose breed of Marathwada region. However perusal of the

literature did not reveal any reference on the haematology. Therefore the present research

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project was undertaken to study the Hematological changes in Deoni cattle blood in

relation to age and sex. The apparently healthy animals of pure Deoni cattle breed

categorized in to female calves, male calves, heifers, bull calves, cows and bullocks were

selected for the present study from the cattle cross breeding project, Marathwada

Agricultural University, Parbhani. The selected animals were maintained separately with

routine managemental practices. Adult animals were let loose for grazing between 8 a.m.

to 2 p.m. and then they were stall fed as per standard schedule. Their feed composed of

concentrate mixture, greens and jowar kadbi as per the requirement (maintenance and

production). The animals had free access to drinking water. The hematological

parameters included were total erythrocyte count (TEC), haemoglobin, packed cell

volume(PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin

(MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentrations (MCHC), Total leucocyte count

(TLC), differential leucocyte count and specific gravity of blood. The total erythrocyte

count, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, neutrophils, eosinophils, increased

as the age advanced in Deoni cattle. The decline in haemoglobin was observed with age

in (females only). Packed cell volume, total leukocyte count and lymphocytes exhibited

this trend in either of the sex groups. The Deoni bullocks had higher erythrocyte count, as

compared to the cows. The Deoni cows exhibited higher neutrophil percentage than the

bullocks. The mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration was higher in heifers than

the bull calves of same age group indicating the difference due to sex. However female

calves had higher total leucocyte count than the male calves.

Post 42 Assessment of mineral profile relationship of animals, soil, feeds and fodder

in the districts of Marathwada (MS) for improvement of livestock production

potential.

Deshpande S.D., S.M Wankhede Salve P.B., Koranne P.S. and Kanchi S.

Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Parbhani

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The availability of minerals to animals in appropriate quantities is a major factor in

determining the health and productivity of animals. Nutrient composition of feeds and

fodders especially the minerals are dependent on the soil. The efficiency of mineral

uptake by plant from soil and the availability and utilization of minerals through intake of

plants/feeds by the animals is variable in different agro-climatic zone. Keeping this view,

the present study was undertaken with the objectives of assessment of mineral status of

the animals, feeds and fodders and soil of the Marathwada region of Maharashtra state,

(a)To determine the levels of macro and micro minerals in the serum of large ruminants

(Cattle & Buffaloes),(b)To estimate the mineral content of soils, feeds and fodders, (c) to

generate data base in respect of minerals in Parbhani, Hingoli, Beed, Jalna and

Aurangabad districts of Maharashtra state(d)to establish the relationship between soils,

plant and animals. In all 26 talukas selected from 5 districts. In each taluka two villages

based on Irrigated and Non-irrigated type randomly selected as per the list by

department of AH State Govt. of Maharashtra, Pune. Ten animals in each village were

selected for collection of blood samples. Information pertaining to village profile, farmers

profile and animal profile collected by the sampler. The samples of soil, feeds and

fodders collected, for analysis of Macro minerals and Micro minerals by atomic

absorption spectrophotometer.The data was analysed by least squares analysis for

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population means comparison between districts and seasons. It is concluded that serum

minerals i.e. calcium, phosphorus, copper, iron, magnesium and zinc were within the

normal range of critical levels for serum. The mean and SE values for feed minerals i.e.

calcium, phosphorus, copper and iron were within the normal limits. However, feed

magnesium and zinc were below the critical levels. Mean and SE values for soil calcium,

phosphorus, copper, magnesium and zinc were within normal limits while, soil iron was

below the critical levels.

Post 43 Serum enzymes and total proteins during pregnancy and lactation Red

Kandhari cow

Farkande S.D. and Deshpande S.D.

Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Parbhani

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Aminotransferases are of diagnostic significance since they arise from different tissues.

Heart, liver, skeletal muscle and kidney are rich sources of AST (in that order), whereas

ALT is found in high concentration in liver. So it could be expected that serum levels of

transaminases will increase due to necrosis and inflammation of corresponding organs.

Alkaline Phosphatase activity has physiological and bone disorder related variation

whereas acid phosphatase activity in blood could be nonprostatic and prostatic in nature.

In view of this the study was undertaken, to obtain baseline serum enzyme levels and to

study variation in serum enzymes during pregnancy and lactation. Experimental Red

Kandhari Cows were selected from Red Kandhari Farm of College along with adjoining

area of Parbhani. The cows were categorized according to stages of pregnancy as early ,

mid and advance pregnant while lactating cows as early , mid and late lactating .

Blood samples were collected, analysed for enzyme activity using standard protocol for

following serum enzymes viz. Aspartate transaminase Alanine transaminase, alkaline

phosphates, Acid phosphatase, Lactate dehydrogenase and Total proteins. The data was

statistically analyzed and significant differences were observed.

1. Aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase activity during early and mid

pregnancy was lower than the early and mid lactation.

2. The alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher during pregnancy than the

lactational stages.

3. The acid phosphatase activity was significantly lower during advance pregnancy than

the mid and late lactational stages.

4. The lactate dehydrogenase activity during early and advance pregnancy was

significantly lower than the lactational stages.

5. The total protein levels were higher in mid pregnancy as compared to mid lactation.

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Post 44 Effect of Fenvalerate, Methyl Parathion and Biocholine on serum

biochemical attributes in commercial broilers

Kumar S., Shukla P.K. and Bhattacharyya A.

Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

An experiment was carried out to determine the effect of two different pesticides-

Fenvalerate (FEN) and Methyl parathion (MPA) with or without biocholine (BC) on the

serum biochemical attributes at 7th week of age. One hundred and fifty one week old

straight run broiler chicks were divided into ten dietary treatment groups, each consisting

of three replicates and five chicks in each replicate. The birds were subjected to dietary

treatments viz. Basal diet + choline chloride @ 1400ppm (control), basal diet + BC @

500 ppm, basal diet + FEN @ 150 ppm, basal diet + FEN 150 ppm + BC @ 500 ppm,

basal diet + FEN 200 ppm, basal diet + FEN 200 ppm + BC @ 500 ppm, basal diet +

MPA 75 ppm, basal diet + MPA 75 ppm + BC @ 500 ppm, basal diet + MPA 100 ppm

and basal diet + MPA 100ppm+ BC @ 500ppm. Serum SGOT, SGPT and alkaline

phosphates showed a significant (p< 0.01) increase in their mean values in the groups fed

with FEN (150 or 200 ppm) and MPA (75 or 100 ppm). However, supplementation of

BC at a level of 500 ppm with these pesticides showed beneficial effect in reducing the

mean values of these enzymes. In addition, there was a significant (p< 0.01) reduction in

serum albumin, serum globulin and a significant increase in albumin: globulin ratio in the

birds fed with FEN (150 or 200 ppm) or MPA (75 or 100 ppm). However, significant

beneficial effects of BC have been recorded when supplemented with these pesticides.

Thus, it may be concluded that Fenvalerate (150 ppm) and Methyl parathion (75 ppm or

100 ppm) increased the various serum attributes. BC had a beneficial effect in alleviating

the enzyme levels elicited due to these pesticides.

Post 45 Effect of maternal dietary manipulation and in ovo injection of nutrients on

the serum biochemical indices of neonate turkey poults

Bhattacharyya A., Majumdar S., Bhanja S. K., Mandal A. B. and Kadam M.M.

Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh

_______________________________________________________________________________________

An experiment was designed involving maternal dietary manipulation (NRC-N or higher

plane of nutrition-H), in ovo nutrient injection (in ovo essential amino acids- INA, omega

3 & omega 6 fatty acids and vitamin A & vitamin E -INFV, in ovo essential amino acids,

omega 3 & omega 6 fatty acids and vitamin A & E-INAFV, sham control-S and un

injected control-C) in a 2 X 5 factorial design. Two hundred turkey breeder hens and

twenty-four viable toms of 30-35 weeks of age of small white variety were distributed

into two treatment groups having four replicates of 25 hens and 3 toms in each treatment.

First four replicates were offered turkey breeder diet (NRC, 1994) and other four

replicates were maintained on a higher plane of nutrition for 8 week duration. 548 fertile

eggs were collected and on 21st day ED the eggs were in ovo injected with nutrients.

Serum blood biochemicals were determined at day old by sacrificing six chicks from

each dietary treatment. Irrespective of the plane of breeder nutrition, SGOT levels were

significantly higher (P<0.01) in the chicks subjected to in ovo amino acid injection.

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Similarly, poults subjected to in ovo amino acid injection treatment had significantly

higher (P<0.01) uric acid levels compared to the other treatment groups. In addition,

there were no significant differences observed in the other serum biochemical attributes

at day old. The study envisaged that in ovo injection of nutrients may not adversely affect

the serum biochemical attributes of neonate turkey poults.

Post 46 Blood metabolites and mineral status in buffaloes suffering from digestive

disorders

Madan Jyotsana, Sindhu Sonia, Rose Manoj Kumar, Gupta Meenakshi and Verma

Ajay Kumar

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Sciences, LLRUVAS, Hisar

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The study was conducted to investigate the changes in blood metabolites in buffaloes

suffering from digestive disorders reported to Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex,

Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar. To compare the

findings with normal, the blood samples were collected from healthy adult buffaloes of

animal farm, Department of LPM, LLRUVAS, Hisar. Analysis of blood samples revealed

significant decrease in glucose and cholesterol in digestive disorder cases and significant

increase in LDH, AST and blood urea in comparison to control healthy animals. Rise in

the levels of LDH, AST and urea indicated disturbed liver functions and alteration in

metabolic sequence at cellular level in digestive disorder cases. The decrease in glucose,

cholesterol and increase in ketone bodies in diseased cases suggest disturbed metabolism

in affected buffaloes which might be because of altered feeding in the diseased animals.

The decrease levels of protein and albumin was observed in diseased animals. Calcium,

phosphorus, magnesium, copper and zinc were found non significantly lower in diseased

buffaloes.

Post 47 Effect of organic and inorganic zinc supplementation on the morphology of

testes in Assam goat (Capra hircus) kids

Devi Jonali, Goswami J., Sarmah B.C., Chakravarty P. and Sarma K.

College of Veterinary Sciences, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Growth and functional responsiveness of male genital organs in goat to zinc supplementation

at their active phase of growth would yield valuable scientific information regarding the

possible role of dietary zinc in regulating the initiation of germ cell multiplication in the

seminiferous tubules and optimizing suitable bio-environment in the epididymis for

maturation of germ cells which ultimately leads to induction of precocious puberty. Keeping

in view of the above, the present investigation was taken up in thirty six numbers of healthy

Assam local male goats of three months of age between 3 to 4 kg body weights. The kids

were divided into three groups according to the feeding regime as group I (Control group) in

which animals received no zinc supplementation, While group II and III animals received

inorganic (Zinc sulphate @120mg/ kid/day) and organic form (Zinc propionate @

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40mg/kid/day) of zinc supplements , respectively with concentrate mixture. The study

revealed both treatment and age wise variations in respect of histomorphological parameters.

At 4 months of age, elongated spermatids were observed in the adluminal portion of the

Sertoli cells of kids of organic zinc-supplemented group; however mature spermatozoa

appeared in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules at 5 months of age. Immature spermatozoa

i.e. spermatocytes and round spermatids were observed in the epithelium as well as in the

lumen of the seminiferous tubules at 4 months of age in cases of inorganic and control group.

In inorganic group, mature spermatozoa appeared in the tubular lumen at 5 months of age;

however the concentration was lower as compared to the organic group. From 6 months

onwards, spermatozoa were seen in the lumen in all groups of kids, however, maximum

concentrations of tubular spermatozoa were observed in organic zinc-supplemented group.

All the micrometrical parameters i.e. thickness of tunica albugenia, diameter of seminiferous

tubule, diameter of lumen of the seminiferous tubule and height of epithelium of the

seminiferous tubule increased with advancing age. Highest diameter of seminiferous tubule

was found in organic group from 4 to 7 months of age followed by inorganic and then control

group at all ages. Height of epithelium of the seminiferous tubule of organic group was

significantly higher (P<0.05) than the control group in all the ages, whereas in inorganic

group showed significantly higher values at 7 month of age as compared to the control group.

Therefore, it can be concluded that early attainment of puberty in male kids could be achieved

by supplementation of zinc. Organic zinc source proved better choice than inorganic one as

feed supplement considering bioavailability and effectiveness.

Post 48 Study of changes in Haematological parameters during different lactations in

Toggenberg goats

Bhat Ishfaq Hassan, Devi Jonali and Kour K.

Division of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-J, R.S.Pura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The investigation was undertaken to study some haematological parameters during

different stages in different lactations in Toggenberg goats. These included control group,

consisting of dry goats and group I, II, III and IV containing goats in 1st, 2

nd, 3

rd and 4

th

lactation period. Further each lactation period was divided into early, mid and late stage.

Blood samples were collected at one month interval in all the groups. Samples collected

in first two months was considered as early stage, 3rd

and 4th months are considered as

mid and 5th and 6

th months as late lactation stage. Blood samples were analyzed by using

conventional methods for various haematological parameters. Haemoglobin, TEC,

erytrocytic indices and TLC showed decreasing trend form early to late stage. PCV

percentage at early stage was significantly higher (P<0.05) as compared to the values of

late lactation in group I, II and IV. Significantly higher neutrophil percentage was

recorded in early and mid stage, whereas, lymphocyte percentage was higher during late

lactation. Hb, PCV, TEC levels were lower, whereas, significantly higher (P<0.05) TLC

was found in lactation as compared to dry stage. Percentage of neutrophils was

significantly higher while lymphocyte percentage significantly lower in lactating goats.

Significantly lower MCV levels were found in groups I, II and III as compared to control

group; on the other hand, MCH value was significantly higher in 2nd

and 3rd

lactation and

MCHC higher in all lactating groups as compared to other groups.

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Post 49 Changes in certain serum biochemical profile from birth to ten months of

age in male Assam goat

Sarma Kamal, Kalita S.N., Devi Jonali and Chakravarty P.

Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati

_______________________________________________________________________________________

This study was conducted to generate a baseline data on the concentrations of different

biochemicals in the serum in male Assam goats at various post natal ages. The mean

concentration of blood glucose showed an increasing pattern with advancing age in the

male Assam goats ranging from 39.32 ± 0.12 mg per cent at birth to 51.92 ± 0.05 mg per

cent in 10 months old bucks. But, serum cholesterol concentration showed a declining

trend that varied from 108.93 ± 1.35 mg per cent at birth to 62.23 ± 0.66 mg per cent in

10 months old goats. Again, the levels of serum total protein increased from 3.96 ± 1.35

to 8.16 ± 0.02 g per cent at birth and at 10 month of age, respectively. The variations in

concentrations of glucose, cholesterol and total protein were found to be highly

significant (P<0.01) between various age groups under study.

Post 50 Studies of some biochemical parameters in Rambouillet sheep during

seasonal migration in Jammu region

Reothia A., Devi J., Koul A.L. and Kour K.

Division of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-J, R.S.Pura, Jammu

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The investigation was undertaken to study some physiological parameters in migratory

Rambouillet sheep during seasonal migration in Jammu. Animals were divided into

group A (male sheep of 1-2 years), group B (male sheep of 2-4 years), group C (female

sheep of 1-2years) and group D (female sheep of 2-4 years). Blood samples were

collected during uphill and downhill migration at different stations and were analyzed for

protein, albumin and globulin using analytical kits. Total immunoglobulin was estimated

by procedure described by McEwan et al. (1970). During uphill migration, non-

significant decrease in total protein and albumin concentrations (gm/dl) were recorded

from foothills to mid station in all the groups. Highest total protein and albumin

concentrations were recorded at high altitude pasture immediately after uphill migration.

Total protein and albumin levels were found higher in adult and male sheep when

compared to young and female. No significant difference in globulin concentrations were

observed during migration and in between different groups. Highest Ig level (gm/l) was

observed at mid-station as 33.00 + 1.41, 24.67 + 1.52, 28.67 + 1.28 and 29.50 + 1.33 in

group A,B,C and D, respectively. However, during downhill migration decreasing trend

of Ig levels were recorded in all the groups.

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Post 51 Comparison between basic physiological entities of hill cattle under field

conditions in two divisions of Uttarakhand

Pant Malini, Yadav Mrigakshi and Rastogi S.K.

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, G.B.

Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Uttarakhand is divided into two major geographical sectors, the Garhwal and the

Kumaon. The Garhwal region (Uttarkashi) is located at 30.730N and 78.45

0E at an

average altitude of 1158m above MSL with the ambient temperature of 12-240C, 2-4

km/h wind velocity and 66% relative humidity. The Kumaon region (Pithoragarh) is

located at 29.580N and 80.22

0E at an average altitude of 1645m above MSL, with the

ambient temperature of 15-240C, 2-4 km/h wind velocity and 76% relative humidity

during the month of September. The hill cattle were categorized into 4 groups as male

and female, young (aged 5 month-one year) and adults (4-10 years), pregnant and non-

pregnant, lactating and non-lactating. Variations in rectal temperature, heart rate and

respiration rate were assessed in 48 clinically healthy (local cattle) hill cattle (six animals

in each category) in the two sectors during the month of September. The rectal

temperature was almost homogenous in all the categories except in the young animals of

both the ramifications which were 101.5±0.53 0C in Garhwal and 102.5±0.04

0C in

Kumaon region. Respiration rates varied to a great degree, where minimum variations

were seen in the groups of young which was 26.3±0.37 per min in Garhwal and

23.5±0.53 per min in Kumaon region whereas maximum was seen in non pregnant

females with a value of 27.9±2.22 per min in Garhwal while 19.44±0.11 per min in

Kumaon suggesting some major climatic influence. Heart rates also showed a remarkable

difference and it was maximum in females as 67.6±3.57 per min in Garhwal while

77.9±0.24 per min in Kumaon region again implying a significant ambience disparity.

These variations in the hill cattle suggest that some major differences may exist in the

living conditions, macro and micro climate in the two regions of Uttarakhand. Most

values being on a higher side in the Kumaon belt suggesting that there may be some sort

of physical exertions in that area which could be more than that of the Garhwal belt.

Post 52 Biochemical characteristics of nondescript domestic Geese (Anser anser) at



Department of Veterinary Physiology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal. Tamil Nadu

Veterinary and Animal Sciences University

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The study was carried out on the nondescript domestic Geese (Anser anser) available at

the Sheep Breeding Research Station (SBRS), Sandynallah, Nilgiris district, a unit of

TANUVAS, Chennai. Sixty apparently healthy nondescript domestic geese of 1 month to

12 years age (30 male and 30 female) were randomly grouped in to five groups of 6 birds

for each sex, viz. 1-2 months, 2 - 24 months, 2-5years, 5-9 years and 9–12years. All the

birds were reared in semi intensive system under deep litter sheds. They were fed

concentrate @ 100 g/bird/day which was fed in the morning and evening. The birds were

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allowed grazing in paddocks having ponds for 6 hours daily (0900 to 1200 and 1400 to

1900h). The data from the birds were collected on three consecutive days. Blood samples

were collected from the wing veins in to dry tubes containing ethylene diamine

tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (2 mg/ml) before feeding. Each bird was manually restrained.

Plasma was separated and stored at -10oC. Blood biochemical parameters viz. glucose,

total protein, total cholestrol, urea and calcium were analyzed. There was no significant

difference in the levels of glucose, total protein, total cholesterol, urea and calcium

between the male and female birds in any of the age groups.

Post 53 Effect of feeding synthetic Vitamin C and polyherbal feed premix

supplementation on stress hormones in broiler during hot summer

Sujatha V., Korde Jayant P., Rastogi Sunil K., Yadav Brijesh and Suresh. C

College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, GBPUAT, Pantnagsr

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Present study was carried out to discern the effect of dietary supplementation of poly

herbal feed premix (Stresroak) and ascorbic acid on stress hormones during the summer

months of june and july at Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) when temperature – humidity index

was 84.74±2.5. A six week feeding trial on day old broiler chick was conducted in a

completely randomized block design, dividing the chicks into 3 groups of 20 each.

Control group 1 was given basal diet and treatment 1 and treatment 2 were supplemented

with synthetic vitamin C (100gm/tone of feed) and polyherbal feed premix (1kg/tone of

feed), respectively. Total cortisol, T3 and T4 were estimated at the end of the 6th week.

At the end of the 6th week, total plasma cortisol levels were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower

in the polyherbal premix treated group [Stresroak (2.11 ± 0.22 nM/l) followed by the

synthetic vitamin C (3.84 ± 0.42 nM/l)] and untreated control group (4.93±0.4 nM/l).

Total T3 concentration (nM/l) was not significantly higher in either the polyherbal

premix (2.22 ± 0.21) of the synthetic vitamin C (2.12 ± 0.15) group as compared to the

control group (1.83 ± 0.18). The plasma total T4 (nM/l) concentration in the control

group (21.46 ± 1.36) and the synthetic vitamin C (22.82 ± 0.88) groups were significantly

(P ≤ 0.05) lower than the polyherbal premix (31.58 ± 2.13) supplemented groups. In

treatment groups total T4 concentration was found to be increased indicating

comparatively superior metabolic activity of birds under heat stress, whereas, reduced

plasma cortisol level in treatment groups indicate the amelioration of heat stress by

antioxidant property of the herbs. Supplementation of polyherbal feed premix and

ascorbic acid significantly altered the T3:T4 ratio indicting non effectiveness of these

antioxidants in extrathyroidal conversion of T4 to T3. It can be concluded that the

polyherbal premix (Stresroak) could be used to minimize heat stress in broilers during

summer months. It is also suggested that these herbal antioxidants could replace synthetic

vitamin C supplementation which is economically expensive.

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Post 54 Growth performance and blood biochemical profile of growing male pig

supplemented with different levels of zinc: copper

Mili Minakshi, Baruah Anubha, Bora A., Sarma S., Saikia Asish and Deka Ilakshy

Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University,

Khanapara, Guwahati

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was designed to investigate the growth performance of male growing

piglets following supplementation of three different combinations of zinc and copper.

Twenty four numbers of weaned crossbred (Hampshire × Assam local) piglets of 60 days

old were allotted randomly in 4 groups viz. control, T1, T2 and T3 groups comprising 6

piglets in each. Animals of T1, T2 and T3 were supplemented with zinc and copper

combination ratio of 125ppm: 12.5ppm, 150ppm: 15ppm and 175ppm: 17.5ppm

respectively and no supplementation was given to control group. The highest body

weight gain was recorded (52.70 ± 0.69 kg) in T3 group followed by T2 (45.78 ± 0.45kg),

T1 (43.72 ± 0.44 kg) and control (42.90 ± 0.32 kg) groups. The serum growth hormone

concentration was highest (3.73 ± 0.38 pg/ml) in T3 and lowest (2.42 ± 0.16 pg/ml) in

control group. A slight increasing trend was observed in control and T1 group but in T2

and T3 groups from 4.5 months of age an abrupt increased in serum growth hormone

concentration were observed till 6 months of age. The serum insulin concentration was

highest (1.70 ± 0.16 µIU/ml) in T3 and lowest (1.06 ± 0.09 µIU/ml) in control group. As

the supplemental dose of zinc: copper increased, the insulin concentrations were also

recorded a higher value. The serum ghrelin concentration was highest (0.23 ± 0.09 ng/ml)

in T3 and lowest (0.18 ± 0.09 ng/ml) in control group. Statistically serum ghrelin

concentration did not differ significantly between the groups. Study revealed that

175:17.5ppm of Zinc: Copper had stimulatory effect on growth performance in weaning

pigs.

Post 55 Effect of herbal antistress product Ayucee® and synthetic Vitamin C on

blood biochemical profile in ameliorating heat stress in layer birds

Kulkarni Shrikant, Jadhav N.V., Waghmare P. G., Awati B. and Suranagi M. D.

Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, Veterinary College, Nandi Nagar, KVAFSU, Bidar,

Karnataka

_______________________________________________________________________________________

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of herbal antistress product Ayucee and

synthetic vitamin C on blood biochemical profile of layer birds during heat stress. A total

of 90 layer birds of 55 weeks age were divided into three groups of 30 birds each (T0, T1

and T2). Birds of T0 group were control animals in the experiment where as birds in T1

and T2 were treated respectively with synthetic Vitamin C @100G/tonne and herbal

premix Ayucee containing natural bioflavinoids @100g/tonne of feed on daily basis for a

period of seven weeks. The average environmental temperature and relative humidity

was respectively 39.8±0.80C and 81.33±1.2 % during the experimental period. High

ambient temperature and relative humidity resulted in increased serum cortisol (mg/ml)

level in all three groups before the treatment. However, the serum cortisol level reduced

significantly (p<0.01) towards normal values in both Ayucee and synthetic Vitamin C

treated birds as compared to control birds. Among the two treatment groups, Ayucee

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treated birds had significantly lower cortisol concentrations than synthetic Vitamin C

treated birds. Similarly the post treatment values of serum AST (IU/l) and ALT (IU/l) in

treatment groups were significantly lower than the control group. There was no

significant difference in the plasma concentrations of albumin, globulin and total proteins

among control and treatment groups. It can be concluded that the herbal antistress

product Ayucee and Synthetic Vitamin C would ameliorate heat stress in layer birds by

minimizing its adverse effects on blood cortisol, ALT and AST levels.

Post 56 Effect of management systems and seasons on semen freezability in

Jamunapari bucks

Ramachandran N., Singh N. P., Ranjan R., Gangwar Chetna and Goel A. K.

Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was carried out in 20 Jamunapari bucks (1.5 years age, 30.0 kg wt) to

assess the semen freezability for continuous one year covering three seasons viz., Rainy

(July-October), winter (November-February) and summer (March-June). The bucks were

randomly allotted after adjusting for age and body weight to intensive (10) and semi-

intensive system (10) of rearing under group feeding management conditions. The semi-

intensively managed bucks were allowed for 4 to 6 hours daily grazing in the institute

grazing area and supplemented with concentrate pellets @ 500 g/h/d while the intensively

managed bucks were fed in the shed itself @ 500 g concentrate pellets and 700 g green

fodder/h/d besides ad lib. dry fodder. The nutrients intake of the Jamunapari bucks under

both the management systems was determined as per the standard procedure using lignin

ratio technique for assessing the forage intake from the grazing area, Chromium Oxide

Paper Capsule Indicator Method for estimation of total faecal output, proximate analysis

of the feeds, forages and the faecal samples. The semen from all the bucks was collected

using AV twice a week. The initial semen evaluation was assessed as per the standard

procedure and those samples having the mass activity of +3.5 and above, volume of 0.3

ml and above per ejaculate and free of coagulation after dilution were used for freezing.

The samples were frozen conventionally using horizontal vapour freezing method

following the procedure standardized in our laboratory and stored in LN2 Container for

further evaluation. The straws, just before freezing and after 4 hours of equilibration,

were cut and a drop of semen (10 l) was used for assessing the pre-freeze/equilibration

motility. Then the stored frozen French mini Straws were thawed after 24 h of storage in

water at 40ºC for 45 sec and used for post-thaw evaluation. The subjective evaluation of

the progressive pre-freeze and post-thaw sperm motility was examined by two

independent experts and the average values were taken into account. The overall LSM for

the DM, ME and DCP intake of the intensively reared bucks were found to be 1309.38 ±

21.74 g/d, 7.76 ± 0.13 MJ/d and 106.88 ± 2.13g/d. The respective values for the bucks

reared under semi intensive system were 1396.14 ± 21.74, 8.21± 0.13 and 125.65 ± 2.13.

Similarly, the dry matter, energy and protein intake of bucks irrespective of management

systems during rainy season were observed to be 1271.99 ± 26.62 g/d, 7.44 ± 0.16 MJ/d

and 106.87 ± 2.61 g/d. The corresponding nutrients intake of bucks during winter and

summer season were 1430.81 ± 26.62, 8.45 ± 0.16, 119.51 ± 2.61 and 1355.48 ± 26.62,

8.07 ± 0.16, 122.42 ± 2.61. The overall pre-freeze motility of semen samples was non-

significantly higher in intensively reared bucks than that under semi-intensively reared

bucks (72.78 Vs 71.31%). The overall LSM for the pre-freeze motility was highest

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during rainy (75.96 ± 0.01%) followed by winter (70.04± 0.01%) and summer (70.00±

0.01%) seasons, which varied significantly (P<0.01) among seasons. Similar to the

prefreeze motility, the post-thaw progressive motility did not vary significantly between

management systems (26.03 Vs 23.73%). The post-thaw progressive motility during

rainy, winter and summer season, irrespective of the management system, was observed

to be 25.45 ± 0.02, 25.70 ± 0.02 and 23.49 ± 0.01% respectively The non-significant

variation in post-thaw progressive motility between the systems of management and

between the seasons might be due the fact that the post-thaw recovery of semen is

critically dependent on the semen processing in the laboratory apart from the initial

semen quality rather than the nutrient intake of the bucks in different systems of

management and seasons etc.

Post 57 In vitro production of meiotically competent oocytes (MII stage) by different

IVM protocols

Shankaraiah P., Swathi B., Arunakumari G., Srinivasa Prasad Ch. and Vishnu Ch.

Embryo Transfer Technology Lab ,Dept of Veterinary Gynaecology, CVSc, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Oocytes aspirated from goat ovaries were washed thrice in handling media, the selected

good quality COCs(cumulus oocyte complexes) were randomly allotted to four different

IVM media for in vitro maturation i.e. IVM-I (FSH, LH, Estradiol 17β, Bovine serum

albumin (FAF) and 10% fetal bovine serum), IVM-II (FSH, LH, Estradiol 17β, Bovine

serum albumin (FAF), 10% fetal bovine serum and EGF),IVM-III(20%Caprine follicular

fluid) and IVM-IV(20%Oestrus goat serum). Oocytes were kept individually in 20 µl

droplets of in vitro maturation medium and incubated at 39oC in 5% CO2 for 27 hrs. After

IVM period, oocytes were denuded off for cumulus cells and stained with PI (Propidium

Iodide) stain solution for 15 minutes. The stained oocytes were examined through an

inverted microscope with fluorescent illumination. The nuclear maturation of oocytes

was evaluated for MII (Metaphase-II) stage. Oocytes matured from IVM-I, IVM-II,

IVM-III, and IVM-IV were exhibited 45.74±1.70, 53.88±2.00, 70.40±2.45 and

63.54±2.08. Oocytes matured in IVM-III had the highest (P ≤ 0.05) percentage of nuclear

maturation to M-II stage (70.40±2.45) among four IVM protocols.

Post 58 Improvement in reproductive status of crossbred cows consequent to

supplementation of area specific mineral mixture

Jana Sonali, Verma M. S., Sharma K. B., Dogra P. K. and Kumar R.

Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, DGCN College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,

CSK HPKV, Palampur

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Mineral deficiency is responsible for causing many reproductive disorders like anestrus

and prolonged post partum anestrus which causes economic loss to the dairy farmers in

the state of Himachal Pradesh. The present study was undertaken to identify possible

mineral and biochemical deficiencies causing prolonged post partum anestrus and to

observe the effect of strategic supplementation of Area Specific Mineral Mixture

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(ASMM) in cases of prolonged post partum anestrus. The animals selected for study were

categorized under three groups Group I- Control anestrous cows, Group II- Anestrous

cows and Group III- prolonged post partum anestrus cows (8 to 9 months of gestation)

from both Livestock Farm of CSKHPKV, Palampur and also from nearby villages of

Panchrukhi block of District Kangra in the state of Himachal Pradesh. Strategic

supplementation of Area Specific Mineral Mixture (ASMM) was done in group II and III

animals in both farm and field. Initial analysis of plasma sample on day zero revealed a

deficiency of macro minerals like sodium, magnesium and calcium in all the three groups

of cows from farm as well as field, where as micro mineral level the plasma iron and zinc

concentration was within physiological range, where as copper and nanganese

concentration was found deficient in field animals only. After strategic mineral mixture

supplementation average plasma sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and

phosphorus concentration showed an increasing trend with significant (p<0.05) increase

in group II and group III cows in both farm and field. Trace mineral level revealed a non

significant increase in plasma iron concentration where as significant (p<0.05) increase in

average plasma copper and zinc concentration was observed in group II cows from both

farm and field. Strategic supplementation of minerals mixture resulted in attainment of

estrus in 70% of cows within average period of 35 and 60 days of supplementation in

group II and group III cows respectively in farm. In field 72.72% and 33.33% of cows

attained estrus within an average of 30 and 65 days of mineral supplementation in group

II and group III respectively. Thus strategic mineral mixture supplementation was not

only helpful in overcoming the mineral deficiency but also efficiently improved the

anestrous and reduced postpartum anestrous period in crossbred cows.

Post 59 Evaluation of 5'- and 3' flanking regions construct of Buffalo Β-lactoglobulin

gene in mammary gland derived cell lines

Kotresh A.M., Kulkarni Shrikanth, Sharma Bhaskar and Wahal C.K.

Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly UP

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The genetic engineering of mammary gland provides an opportunity for the elucidation

and employment of different regulatory sequences of milk protein genes for the purpose

of heterologous protein expression. The present study is designed to evaluate the

functional efficiency of 5′- and 3′- flanking regions of buffalo β-lactoglobulin gene in

MCF7 human breast cancer cell lines. 5'- and 3′ flanking regions of buffalo β-

lactoglobulin gene construct with reporter gene of GFP (BLGP-GFP in pGLOW-TOPO

reporter vector) along with the positive control plasmid CMV-GFP, and negative control

plasmid were transfected using CLONfectin reagent in MCF-7 cell lines that were

maintained in DMEM-high glucose containing 10% FCS medium. Following 48hrs of

incubation at 37°C in 5% CO2 incubator, the cells were replenished with a complete

medium containing different combination of insulin and prolactin hormones as milk

protein gene expression is under multi-hormonal control. Flow cytometric analysis

(FACS Calibur) of the transfected cells was done to check the intensity of fluorescence of

GFP. Fluorescence intensity between two groups was analyzed by K-S statistics. A

comparison of BLGP-GFP with CMV-GFP showed nearly equal fluorescence. The 5′-

and 3′- flanking regions of β-lactoglobulin drives the GFP expression indicating the

function of promoter. Thus the present study points out the possibility of using buffalo β-

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lactoglobulin regulatory elements for the purpose of heterolougous protein expression

and its use in the production of transgenic animals.

Post 60 Comparative study of fetal bovine serum and estrus buffalo serum on in vitro

maturation of oocytes in buffalo

Puri Gopal, Chaudhary S.S., Sharma A.K., Singh V.K., Patel Pankaj, Odedara Arjun

and Siddique R.A.

Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry,

Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present experiment was carried out to assess the effects of fetal bovine serum (FBS)

and estrus buffalo serum (EBS) on in vitro maturation rate of oocytes in buffalo. In vitro

maturation rate of oocytes was assessed in 20% fetal bovine serum and 20% estrus

buffalo serum supplemented maturation media. Maturation of oocytes was evaluated on

the basis of cumulus cell expansion and extrusion of polar body after 24 hrs of in vitro

culture in CO2 incubator. The average percentage of in vitro matured oocytes in FBS was

83.09% and EBS was 77.41% respectively. The results revealed a significant (P<0.05)

increase in maturation rate of oocytes in fetal bovine serum than estrus buffalo serum.

Maturation of oocytes was better in FBS as compared to EBS, which may be due to the

effect of growth factors, nutrients and anti-oxidant present in FBS. It has been observed

that the anti-oxidant play important role in the maturation of oocytes as they are the

scavenger of free radicals. It can thus be concluded that FBS may be used instead of EBS

for in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes.

Post 61 Effect of heat stress on Matrix metalloproteinase gene expression in dermal

fibroblast of Cattle and Murrah buffalo

Singh A.K., Upadhyay R.C., Singh S.V., Kumar S., Malakar D.

Dairy Cattle Physiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Skin is the largest body organ that serves as an important environmental interface

providing a protective envelope. Dermal fibroblasts (DF) are the most regular cell

constituent of dermis in animals‟ skin that is crucial for homeostasis. Matrix

metalloproteinases (MMPs) constitutes a family of structurally related zinc-dependent

endopeptidases, which are capable of degrading a wide variety of extracellular matrix

components. We tested the hypothesis that heat stress can regulate the gene expression of

MMPs and thus extracellular matrix in DF of cattle and buffaloes. DF from ear pinna of

Tharparkar, Sahiwal, Karan-Fries and Murrah buffaloes heifers (n=10) were collected

and cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 1% Gentamicin solution at 37°C in

a humidified atmosphere at 5% CO2 in air. DF was subjected to thermal stress after fifth

passage at 40°C and 44°C for 3 h to measure induction of MMPs (MMP-1, MMP-2 and

MMP-3) mRNA expression. The results of the present study showed that heat shock

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(40°C and 44°C for 3 h) caused a marked increase in MMPs mRNA expression. MMP-1,

MMP-2 and MMP-3 increased significantly (P<0.01) in the 40°C and 44°C compared to

control (37°C) in all the animals. MMP-1 expression at 40 and 44°C was 4 & 6; 5 & 9; 7

& 15; 10 & 22 fold more in Comparison to 37°C in Tharparkar, Sahiwal, Karan-Fries and

Murrah buffaloes respectively. MMP-2 expression at 40 and 44°C was 2 & 3; 2 & 4; 3 &

5; 2 & 4 fold more in Comparison to 37°C in Tharparkar, Sahiwal, Karan-Fries and

Murrah buffaloes respectively. MMP-3 expression at 40 and 44°C was 3 & 5; 4 & 6; 6 &

12; 5 & 13 fold more in Comparison to 37°C in Tharparkar, Sahiwal, Karan-Fries and

Murrah buffaloes respectively. Increase in MMPs mRNA levels at 40°C and 44°C was

affected by breed × temperature (P<0.0l). The increase in MMPs mRNA expression

caused by a temperature of 44°C was greater than 40°C. MMPs mRNA expression for

Karan-Fries and Murrah buffaloes were more than Tharparkar and Sahiwal. Heat shock

appears to initiate a programme of cellular events resulting in increased MMPs gene

expression and decreases fibrillar collagen synthesis in DF of cattle and buffalo, therefore

heat stress may play a role in the regulating the quantity and quality of extracellular

matrix. In summary, DFs resistance to heat shock differed between breeds and between

species. DFs of Tharparkar and Sahiwal were more heat resistant than Karan-Fries and

Murrah buffaloes. Therefore, it may be concluded that Tharparkar and Sahiwal breeds of

cattle are more adapted to tropical condition than crossbreed Karan-Fries cattle and

Murrah Buffaloes.

Post 62 Effect of COX-2 inhibitor (flunixine meglumine) on conception rate in

buffaloes using ovasynch synchronization protocol


Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, UP.Pt. D.

D. U. Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of cox-2 inhibitor (flunixine

meglumine) on conception rate in estrous synchronized buffaloes under field conditions.

Total twenty eight cyclic buffaloes which were non-exhibiting estrous signs even 90 days

after parturition and of 3-5 lactations, devoid of any reproductive abnormality as well as

infection were randomly divided into two groups comprising twelve buffaloes in each

group(n=12).The selected buffaloes from both the groups were administered injection

GnRH (Receptal) 2.5 ml intramuscularly on day 0 and 9, while injection PGF2α

(Cloprostenol sodium- Cyclix) 500 µg intramuscularly on day 7 (ovasynch

synchronization protocol). The buffaloes were timely inseminated 16-20 hrs after second

GnRH injection. The buffaloes from group II were additionally administered with

injection flunixine meglumine (COX-2 inhibitor) @ 1.1 mg/kg body wt. intramuscularly

on 15th and 16

th day post-insemination. The first service conception rate was 41.66 and

66.66 percent in group I and group II, respectively. From this study it was concluded that

administration of COX-2 inhibitor may improve the conception rate in buffaloes.

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Post 63 Effect of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) on egg yolk cholesterol in Jabalpur

colour layer birds

Chauhan S.S., Jain N., Quadri M.A., Shakkarpude Jyotsana and Jain Archana

Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, NDVSU, Jabalpur

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Diets that have high cholesterol and saturated fats from animal products are known to

contribute to unhealthy plasma lipid levels leading to increased plasma total cholesterol

and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Turmeric, Latin name Curcuma longa of

family Zingiberaceae, a medicinal plant, is extensively used in Ayurveda, Unani and

Siddha medicine as home remedy for various diseases. Hypolipidemic effect of turmeric

has been widely used in human beings and rats. However, its use in poultry has not been

extensively studied. The present study was planned to know the effect of turmeric

powder on egg lipid profile of poultry birds. The study was conducted on 30 Jabalpur

colour birds of 32 weeks age. Thirty healthy birds were randomly divided into 5 groups

with 6 birds in each group. One group C was kept as control and other four groups, T1-T4

were kept as treatment groups. Diet of the trial groups was supplemented with turmeric

powder @1.5, 3.0 4.5 and 6g/kg of diet respectively. Ten µl of the egg yolk extract was

taken for the estimation Cholesterol by using diagnostic kit (Erba). The highest reduction

in cholesterol content of egg yolk was recorded in the birds fed with turmeric (35.15%)

on day 56 in group T3 supplemented with 4.5g turmeric pulv/kg feed. Egg yolk

cholesterol showed significant differences (P<0.05) between treatments and highly

significant differences (P<0.01) between days and between days x treatments. Present

study clearly indicated that T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups had lower egg yolk cholesterol than

unsupplemented group.

Post 64 Assessment of performance of lactating cattle through supplementation of

mineral mixture for three months after calving in Mandla district of M.P.

Sharma Pramod, Meshram Vishal and Suryawanshi V. S.

Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Mandla, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur

_______________________________________________________________________________________

In dairy farming, feed alone constitutes about 65-70% of total cost of production. In the

diet of animals, mineral mixture plays a very important role. As Mandla is a tribal district

peoples are unaware and not using mineral mixture in the diet. Hence On Farm Trial

(OFT) has been planned to assess the effect of mineral mixture in lactating cattle on

farmer‟s field. Twelve lactating cattle just after calving has been selected and divided in

two groups considering their body weight, milk yield and parity. After selection they

were dewormed, vaccinated as per standard schedule and fed 30g of mineral mixture for

three months in the experimental group while other group is control group as per ICAR

recommendations. The data obtained during experiment was analyzed and found that

milk yield and body weight was increased significantly (P>0.05) as 31% and 8.5%

respectively in comparison to the control however it doesn‟t have any significant effect in

milk fat percentage. On calculating the economics it was found that the net income from

the experimental groups was 62.00Rs /animal/day as compare to Rs. 47.40/ animal per

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day.From the experiment it was found that use of mineral mixture in lactating cattle

increase milk production, body weight and it is economical also.

Post 65 Impact assessment of dairy related training in empowerment of rural masses

Singh Balwan

Subject Matter Specialist (Animal Science), Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jeolikote, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Nainital,

Uttarakhand

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The rural masses in hill of Nainital are into dairy farming besides agriculture. But owing

to geographical location and climate conditions, the contribution of dairy in their total

family income was found limited. The rural masses, comprising mainly the women,

followed the traditional approaches of animal rearing and were opposed to towards other

approaches of animal rearing. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jeolikote made efforts

through imparting training assisted with supply materials and demonstrations on handling

and preparing the materials to enable masses in utilizing local resources for improved

dairy farming. The assessment of impact of these trainings on rural masses revealed that

the respondents showed sufficient tendency towards adoption of technologies which led

to financial empowerment of few families. The adoption rate of various technologies was

assessed in the range 43 percent to 87 percent. The maximum adoption was found for the

technology pertaining to clean milk production as it needed only the space and personnel

management and input required were least. The lowest adoption was found for chopping

of forage owing to non availability of chaff cutter and their inability to purchase one

because of low income level. As regards to income generation, 40 percent respondents

reported enhancement in their monthly income ranging between Rs. 1000-3000 as the

milk yield of their animals improved.

Post 66 Effect of environment on physical and biochemical characteristics related to

thyroidal hormones in Murrah buffalo bull (Bubalus bubalis) semen.

Singh Balwan

Department of Animal Production Physiology, CCS HAU, Hisar

_______________________________________________________________________________________

In the present investigation the effect of environment on seminal attributes viz. semen

volume, mass activity, progressive sperm motility, sperm concentration and live sperm

percent along with the estimation of biochemical characteristics like ascorbic, fructose

content and alkaline phosphates. The level of Tri-iodo thyronin (T3) was estimated in

blood plasma. The average values of Tri-iodo thyronin (ng/ml) was 1.24+0.03 and

1.05+0.02 with higher value in winter than summer season. The analysis variance of the

data on Tri-iodo thyronin (T3) showed higher significant (p<0.01) variation between

season. The correlation of the Tri-iodo thyronin (T3) with physical characteristic were

non-significant, no correlation existed between ascorbic acid and alkaline phosphates and

negative correlation was observed with fructose content.

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Post 67 Interaction of thyroxin with semen quality as affected by season in Murrah

buffalo bull (Bubalus bubalis)

Singh Balwan

Department of Animal Production Physiology, CCS HAU, Hisar

_______________________________________________________________________________________

In the present investigation the effect of season on physical parameters viz. semen

volume, mass activity, progressive sperm motility, sperm concentration and live sperm

percent along with the estimation of biochemical parameters like ascorbic, fructose

content, alkaline phosphates and malonaldehyde was investigated. The average

concentration of thyroxine in buffalo bull semen was 64.17±0.45/nl in winter and

46.75±0.34 ng/ml during summer seasons. The results of an oval depicts significant

(P<0.01) deference due to season, bull, collection and their interactions. The correlation

of thyroxin concentration with physical and bio chemical characteristics revealed that

abnormal sperm there are positive correlation of thyroxin (T4) with semen volume,

progressive sperm motility, sperm concentration and live sperm. In case of biochemical

characteristics there are positive correlation with ascorbic acid and alkaline phosphates

and negative correlation with fructose content and malonaldehyde (MDA) production.

Post 68 Changes in physiological responses of Black Bengal bucks (Capra hircus)

under continuous thermal stress

Singh Manav, Mamta, Samad H.A. and Maurya V.P.

Climatology laboratory, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar

_______________________________________________________________________________________

In order to assess the change in physiological parameters due to prolonged heat stress

eight breeding Black Bengal bucks were use to conduct experiment. First these bucks

were kept at comfortable temperature in shed for 70 days (Avg temp. 24.1⁰ C and 30.6%

RH) and same animals were exposed to 42⁰ C temperature and RH 50±1% for a duration

of next 70 days in pshycrometric chamber, (42⁰ C temperature and RH 50±1%).

Thermal exposure was given 6 hrs per day from 9 AM to 3 PM daily. The parameters

were recorded at weekly interval and two times i.e. at 9:00 AM and at 2:30 PM in both

groups. For control group (before exposure) overall means for RT(⁰ C), RR( per min),

PR(per min) and ST(skin temp. ⁰ C) were 37.34±0.19 20.28±0.33 81.68±0.96 and

33.22±0.30 respectively. Same parameters had overall means in treated group were

38.17±0.02, 21.60±0.44, 81.28±1.32 and 36.54±0.14 respectively. This analysis reveals

that RT and ST of morning were significantly (p<0.05) differed in both groups. Higher

RT and ST before exposure in treated group may be attributed to existing heat load of

previous day. Evening or after exposure overall means of RT(⁰ C), RR( per min), PR(per

min) and ST(skin temp. ⁰ C)control group were 38.32±0.25, 24.18±0.22, 90.24±1.19 and

34.79±0.28 and for treated group were 39.75±0.06, 101.35±1.63, 118±0.03 and

39.30±0.24 respectively. Sweating rate was measured by cobalt chloride method as per

Schleger and Turner (1965). The sweating rate were recorded at weekly interval at 2:30

PM in both groups. For control group overall mean for SWR (gm/m2/hr) was 0.00 (nil)

. In thermal stressed group skin sweating started and mean of SWR (gm/m2/hr) was

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242.18±10.27 . Analysis of this data reveals that RT,RR,PR and ST, all were

significantly (p<0.05) higher in thermally exposed group. In order to compensate the

imposed heat load increased RR and PR comes first into play and if heat load is till

persisting than finally RT and ST starts to rise. Sweating rates of both groups were

significantly (p<0.01) different. This reveals that importance of sweating in

thermoregulation of body. Marked rise in sweating rate may be due to development of

new sweat glands on skin due to prolonged continous thermal stress.

Post 69 Serum enzymes, biochemical and electrolyte profiling of native breeding

bucks (Capra hircus)

Mamta, Singh Manav and Maurya V.P.

Division of Physiology and Climatology, IVRI, Izatnagar

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was carried out to estimate the various stress marker enzymes,

metabolites and electrolytes level in the serum of breeding native bucks. Experiment was

conducted at comfortable climatic conditions. Eight healthy bucks, donating semen were

selected from animal shed of IVRI. Bucks were of uniform age (2.08±0.09 years) and

weight (22.73±0.41 Kg). These bucks were fed a diet as per standard feeding practices of

IVRI animal shed. Semen was regularly collected twice a week as per standard

techniques. The blood samples were collected in weekly for a period of 8 weeks (56

days). PCV, glucose and Hb were estimated just after collection in heparinised blood

samples and serum was separated by centrifugation of clotted blood and stored at -20⁰ C

till the complete analysis after end of experimental trial. All the serum biochemicals were

estimated by kiys supplied by Span Diagnostics. Obtained data was analysed by SPSS

16.0 software. Serum ALP , AST and ALT values were 18.24±1.75 (KA units),

104.10±5.04 (IU/L) and 50.58±5.60(IU/L) respectively. SOD and AChE activities were

170.57±3.97 (U/ml) and 17134±421.86 (U/L). Triglycerides ,total protein, BUN,

creatinine, glucose and cholesterol were found 121.20±4.16 mg/dl, 4.50±0.12 mg/dl,

20.55±0.60 mg/dl, 2.60±0.04 mg/dl, 59.05±0.60 mg/dl and 56.50±1.82 mg/dl

respectively. PCV and Hb values obtained were 24.71±0.23 % and 13.42±0.11 gm/dl.

Regarding serum minerals and electrolytes, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium and

chloride values were 4.99±0.8 mg/dl, 1.86±0.03 mg/dl, 148.21±3.22 mEq/L, 3.36±0.2

mEq/L and 94.76±1.10 mEq/L respectively. The findings of present study could be used

as reference values in assessing health and physiological status of breeding bucks.

Post 70 Seasonal variations in seminal plasma proteins of Bhadawari buffalo

Sharma Lokesh, Pandey Vijay, Nigam Rajesh, Singh Pawanjit, Saxena Atul and Swain

Dilip

Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The study was designed to evaluate the influence of season on seminal plasma protein

profile of buffalo bull semen. Thirty six ejaculates were collected in each season from six

adult Bhadawari buffalo bulls and seminal plasma was harvested by centrifugation and

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analyzed for protein profiling by 1D SDS-PAGE and quantitatively by Gel

documentation system. Electrophoretogram of seminal plasma proteins revealed 20

protein bands in rainy, 23 bands in winter and 25 bands in summer season, illustrates the

significant effect of season on seminal plasma proteins. 18 protein bands were observed

common in semen samples of all three seasons while protein bands of 46, 55, 58, 144 and

160 kDa were found in rainy and summer season. The protein bands of 48 and 60 kDa

were observed only in winter season whereas 184 and 200 kDa were reported in summer

season only. The protein fractions (protein %) of common protein bands observed in

three seasons revealed significant effect of season in protein bands of 24.5, 66, 70, 72, 84

and 86 kDa protein bands. Thus, this study indicates that proteins expression in buffalo

bull seminal plasma varies qualitatively as well as quantitatively in different seasons. The

specific proteins expressed in particular season may be associated with the semen quality

of buffalo bulls and these proteins could be worth as marker protein of semen quality.

Post 71 Haemato-biochemical alterations in cross bred cattle affected clinically with

bovine theilerosis in subtropical himalayan region

Sharma Devina, Katoch Ajay, Agnihotri R.K., Mittra S., Sharma Ankur and Mandial

R.K.

Department of Veterinary Parasitology, DGCN College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, CSKHPKV,

Palampur

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A study was carried out to investigate the alterations in hematological and biochemical

parameters in cross bred cattle affected with bovine theileriosis in subtropical Himalayan

region. The blood samples presented to the department from Veterinary clinics of cross

bred cows were analysed. The peripheral blood smears of these animals were subjected to

examination for the presence of Theileria annulata schizonts in infected mononuclear

cells and piroplasms in red blood cells. The affected animals showed variable signs and

symptoms of bovine theileriosis i.e. high rise in body temperature, enlarged prescapular

lymph nodes, general debility, weakness, circling movements etc. along with the

presence of ixodid ticks. Significant (P≤0.05) decrease was observed in haemoglobin

concentration in cattle affected with bovine theilerosis while non-significant differences

were observed in total erythrocyte counts, packed cell volume, plasma proteins, bilirubin

and AST values. These observations revealed that Bovine theileriosis caused by T.

annulata in cross bred cattle in subtropical Himalayan region is associated with hemato-

biochemical alterations.

Post 72 Serum concentrations of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in pregnant

cow with or without vaginal prolapse Mathura distt, India

Gangwar Chetna, Singh Shankar, Mukesh, Saxena Atul , Kumar Vijay and

Chaudhary Mahander

College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, DUVASU - Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was planned to determine the macro-mineral status (calcium,

phosphorus and magnesium in cow suffering with prepartum vaginal prolapse (n=10) in

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comparison with control (n=10) cow presented on the TVCC, College of Veterinary

Science & Animal Husbandry DUVASU Mathura from different region of Mathura,

Uttar Pradesh. Serum macro-mineral status was determined by spectrophotometer using

commercially available kits. Mean serum calcium and phosphorus levels were lower in

cow suffering with prepartum vaginal prolapse compared with their healthy counterparts

(P<0.05), while reverse was true for serum magnesium concentration. It may be inferred

that deficiency of calcium and phosphorus and higher levels of magnesium may possibly

be the contributing factors in causing prepartum vaginal prolapse in cow.

Post 73 Postnatal change of hematological parameters of Guinea fowl

Singh S.P., Singh I., Gangwar Chetna and Kumar Prabhakar

Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The change in hematological parameters in growing guinea fowl, 75 guinea fowl of

different age divided in to 10 groups from 1 to 63 day (7 day interval ) were used to

study the hematological parameters for the evaluation of the para specific immunity in

guinea fowl. Total leukocyte count (TLC), differential leucocyte count (DLC), absolute

lymphocyte count (ALC), absolute heterophil count (AHC), absolute monocyte count

(AMC), determination of hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte

count (TEC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV)

and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) concentration were studied. The experimental

findings revealed that TLC, ALC, AHC, Hb, MCV, MCHC and TEC increases and

AMC, MCV decreased with advancement of age and PCV did not show any significant

variation.

Post 74 Osmotic fragility of erythrocytes of Tarai buffaloes under different lactation

stages

Begum Rizwana, Huozha R., Rastogi S. K. and Kumar Om

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, G.B.

Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Eighteen adult female Tarai Buffaloes were divided into three groups of early, mid and

late lactation stages with six animals in each group. Another group of six non-lactating

and non-pregnant served as physiological control for the sake of comparison. Blood

samples were collected during morning hours in EDTA anticoagulant, RBCs were

centrifuged and washed thrice in 0.5 M phosphate buffer saline and resuspended in PBS.

Twenty microliter of RBC suspension was exposed to graded buffer saline concentrations

(0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.35, 0.40, 0.45, 0.50, 0.55, 0.60, 0.65, 0.75 and 0.9%) in separate test

tubes. Percent hemolysis in each tube was compared spectrophotometrically. Highest

fragility was noticed during early lactation in 0.1% saline concentration with a figure of

96.80 ± 1.63, followed by 94.55± 1.62% during mid lactation, 92.56±0.91% in non-

lactating and 92.16±1.60% during late lactation. Saline concentration causing lysis of

50% of erythrocytes ranged around 0.45 to 0.50% concentrations. Overall observation

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depicted that stage of lactation did not resulted in any appreciable effect on the osmotic

lysis of erythrocytes in Tarai Buffaloes.

Post 75 Estrus induction and conception rate with single and double dose of

PGF2α in Jaffrabadi buffaloes

Ahlawat A.R., Ghodasara S.N., Dutta K.S., Gajbhiye P.U., Murthy K.S. and Savaliya

K.B.

Cattle Breeding Farm, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The prostaglandin and its synthetic analogue are considered as drug of choice in

reproductive management A total of twenty Jaffrabadi buffaloes with reproductive

disorders were selected from cattle breeding farm, Junagadh. All twenty

buffaloes(Group I) were treated with Single dose of Prostaglandin while animal

which did not respond (Group II) to first injection of Prostaglandin were subjected to

Second injection of Prostaglandin 11 days after first treatment . Five animals(25%)

responded to first dose of PGF2α , while eight animals (53%) responded to second

dose of PGF2α .The mean time required for induction of heat in first and second group

was 70.24 ±1.44 hrs and 56.86 ±1.96. The mean duration of Estrus proper in first group

was 19.18± 0.69 hrs ,while in second group the mean duration was 16.13±0.42 hrs.

The conception rate in the present study was 43.05% for the first group of animals and

49% for the animal that were treated with second dose of PGF2α. In conclusion

administration of PGF2α. at eleven days interval causes faster heat induction and better

conception rate.

Post 76 LH, IGF-1, and EGF stimulate progesterone secretion and survivability in

cultured bubaline luteal cells

Chouhan V.S., Dangi S.S., Singh

G. and Sarkar M.

Physiology & Climatology division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the temporal (24h, 48h and 72h) as well as dose

dependent (5, 10 and 100 ng/ml LH, IGF-1 and EGF) secretion of progesterone (P4) in

cultured luteal cells from different stages and expression of steroidogenic acute

regulatory protein (STARD1), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side chain cleavage

(CYP11A1), and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B), antiapoptotic gene PCNA,

and proapoptotic gene BAX in luteal cells obtained from mid luteal phase of estrous

cycle in buffalo. Corpus luteum samples from early luteal phase (ELP; day 1st–4

th; n = 4),

mid luteal phase (MLP; day 5th–10

th; n = 4) and late luteal phase (LLP; day 11

th–16

th; n =

4) of estrous cycle were obtained. Progesterone was assayed by RIA, while mRNA

expression was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results indicated

a dose and time dependent stimulatory effect of each treatment on P4 synthesis and

expression of steroidogenic enzymes and PCNA. In contrast, each of the treatments

inhibited BAX expression in a time and dose dependent manner. In summary, the

present study provides an insight into the regulation of P4 hormone synthesis by LH and

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growth factors during different phases of luteal development in buffalo. The stimulatory

effect of these factors on P4 production is possibly a result of greater expression of

steroidogenic enzymes and promotion of survivability in luteal cells. An understanding of

such regulatory mechanisms may eventually lead to better control of normal or abnormal

(insufficient) CL function.

Post 77 The in vitro effect of osteopontin on sperm capacitation of water buffalo

(Bubalus bubalis) bulls

Kumari Manisha, Kumar Pradeep, Kumar D., Yadav S. P., Balhara A. K. and Yadav P. S.

Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Osteopontin is an acidic protein, rich in aspartic acid, glutamic acid and serine. It is very

interesting that this multifunctional protein is also found in the male reproductive tract

and associated with fertility.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of

osteopontin (OPN) on in vitro sperm capacitation. Semen from six Murrah bulls was

pooled and washed twice in Modified Tyrode‟s medium (MTM). Sperm (5 x 107/ml)

were incubated (39°C, 5% CO2, 4 h) in the following treatments in MTM: 1) No

treatment; 2) 0.1 μg/ml OPN; 3) 1 μg/ml OPN; 4) 10 μg/ml OPN; 5) 10 μg/ml heparin.

Capacitation was assessed indirectly by estimating the percentage of acrosome

reactedsperm after incubation with lysophosphatidylcholine. The acrosome reacted live

sperm (ARL) were assessed by FITC staining in conjunction with HOS test. Osteopontin

capacitated significantly (P<0.01) more sperm than heparin and control when incubated

at concentrations of 1μg/ml at 2 and 4 hours of incubation, suggesting concentrations of

OPN at 1μg/ml can have positive effects on sperm capacitation. 1μg/ml concentration

showed a significant increase (P<0.01) in ARL of 23.69% compared to the control,

having 12.44% of ARL at 2 hours. In conclusion, OPN enhances sperm viability,

possibly by blocking apoptotic pathways and significantly improve the efficiency of

capacitation in vitro in buffalo species.

Post 78 Vocalization a reflector of developmental stages of dairy animals

Singh Yajuvendra, Sirohi R., Singh D.N. and Yadav Archana

Department of Livestock Production and Management, DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Vocal differences within and between the individual animal was used as a basis for

discrimination of calves, heifers and adult individuals of KF cows and Murrah buffaloes

in present investigation. The vocal signals produced from ten individuals of each and

every category were recorded and edited in order to prepare smaller stationary frames of

10 ms from a total of at least 50 vocal signals from each and every individual. MFCCs

were extracted from all the frames of vocal signals and were utilized in preparation of

training and test models for decision making using machine learning algorithm. The

machine learning algorithm with J48 classifier was able to discriminate the calves, heifers

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and adults of KF cows and Murrah buffaloes with an overall rate of discrimination

87.91% and 87.20% respectively. Moreover calves of both the species could be

discriminated with a higher rate of recognition (98.83 and 92.35% respectively) than

those of heifers and adults. The efficiency of the machine learning algorithm for actual

discrimination of calves, heifers and adults of KF cows and Murrah buffaloes was

sufficient enough (k = 81.77% and 80.75% respectively).

Post 79 Effect of prilled Fat on metabolic adjustments in dry matter intake, body

weight, metabolites and milk production performance in Murrah buffaloes

during early lactation

Singh Sukhjinderjit, Sehgal J. P., Singh Mahendra and Rajesh G.

National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Fifteen lactating Murrah buffaloes were selected immediately after parturition and

divided into three groups of five each. Group I (low yielder) and Group II (high yielder)

buffaloes were offered roughage and concentrate in the ratio 70:30 and were fed as per

standards of Kearl (1982).Group III buffaloes received the same diet + prilled fat @ 75

g/d for first 45 days and @150 g/d till day 120 of lactation. The milk yield of group I and

group II buffaloes were non-significant. Supplementation of prilled fat increased milk

yield significantly@ 1.65 Kg per day per animal in Group III. Dry matter intake of group

III buffaloes was significantly more (p < 0.01) in comparison to group II and group I.

Body weight of the Murrah buffaloes improved due to prilled fat supplementation and

was significantly different between the groups (P<0.05). The body weights declined in all

the groups significantly (p<0.05). In prillled fat supplemented buffaloes (group III) the

rate of decline was slow than the group II buffaloes in spite of high milk yield. Plasma

glucose levels were significantly more in group III than the group I and group II

buffaloes. However NEFA concentration decreased in the prilled fat supplemented

buffaloes. The digestibility coefficient for ether extract was significantly higher in group

III as compared to group I and group II. It was thus concluded that supplementation of

prilled fat helps in postpartum metabolic adjustments and increases milk production in

Murrah buffaloes.

Post 80 Immunological and molecular characterization of buffalo embryonic stem

cells

Balamurugan T. C., Puri Gopal, Ranjan Ravi, Perumal P., Bag Sadhan., Das B.C. and

Majumdar A. C.

Division of Physiology and Climatology, IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was conducted to characterize the totipotent buffalo embryonic stem

cells. Totipotent stem cell colonies were developed by adopting standard in vitro embryo

generation (IVMFC) protocol from buffalo oocytes of slaughter house origin. The results

were evaluated in two maturation regimen, TCM 199 supplemented with either FBS (10

% FBS) or 2 % Extract Egg. Blastomere cells were cultured in Extract Egg‟ based media

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showed higher number of colony formation. Stem cells were derived Extract Egg based

media DMEMEE, CR11EE and FBS based media CR11FBS compared to DMEMFBS.

The totipotent buES cells developed were identified and characterized by stem cell

specific markers. In immunocytochemistry, the buES colonies showed positive for

markers SSEA-1, TRA-1-60, TRA1-80. Real time PCR was done to quantify the

expression of pluripotency factors namely Oct4, Nanog, FoxD3 and Klf4. The relative

expression of all pluripotency factors Oct4, Nanog, FoxD3 and Klf4 were higher in

DMEMEE media. As the colony progressed, there was shifting in the relative expression

of Nanog and FoxD3 and down regulation of Oct4 and Klf4 expression in the subsequent

passages clearly indicated the shifting from totipotency to pluripotency.

Post 81 Evolving a totipotent stem cell marker

Balamurugan T. C., Puri Gopal, Ranjan Ravi, Perumal P., Bag Sadhan., Das B.C. and

Majumdar A. C.

Division of Physiology and Climatology, IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was conducted to evolve a totipotent buffalo embryonic stem cell

marker. Totipotent stem cell colonies were developed by adopting standard in vitro

embryo generation (IVMFC) protocol from buffalo oocytes of slaughter house origin.

The results were evaluated in two maturation regimen, TCM 199 supplemented with

either FBS (10 % FBS) or 2 % Extract Egg. The expression pattern of hexokinase gene in

various developmental stages of oocytes and blastomeres derived from different stages of

embryo was studied using Real Time PCR to exploit it as a totipotent stem cell marker.

Normalized Ct values were considered for statistical analysis. The remarkable observation

was that 8-16 celled embryo derived blastomeres expressed significantly (P < 0.005) lower

concentration of hexokinase compared to all other developmental stages. The dCt values

of hexokinase in IO, MO, 2-4 blast, 8-16 blast , 32 blast and embryo like structures from

pluripotent origin PELS were 4.60 ± 0.02, 3.67 ± 0.04, 2.73 ± 0.08, 1.66 ± 0.05, 7.75 ±

0.11 and 3.96 ± 0.06 respectively. The expression pattern indicated a linear decrease from

immature oocyte to 8-16 blast, then a sharp increase at 32 cell blast followed by a decrease

in PELS. Hence, Hexokinase can be used as a totipotent stem cell marker.

Post 82 Effect of T-2 Toxin (Trichothecenes) on haematological and oxidative stress

parameters in goats

Shivasharanappa N., Sharma A. K., Singh R., Kataria M., Dandpat S., Telong A. G.,

Gupta V. K. and Sharma Nitika

Central Institute of Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

T-2 toxin is a potent mycotoxin produced by Fusarium spp. which causes extensive

cytotoxicity in animal species. The problem of mycotoxicosis has not been explored

much in goat husbandry. Hence, experimental T-2 toxicosis was induced in goats to study

the haematological indices and oxidative stress parameters. A total of 18 Barbari kids

were divided into 3 groups comprising of 6 animals each. The Group I and Group II

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received 10 ppm and 20 ppm of T-2 toxin mixed concentrate feed respectively. While,

Group III received standard concentrate feed in basal ration. The blood was collected on

day 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 post-feeding for haematology. From each group 3 animals

were sacrificed on day 15 and day 30 to assess the oxidative stress parameters such as

catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in different tissues

such as liver, intestine, kidney, spleen and brain. On day 25, the Haemoglobin (Hb)

concentration was significantly reduced in Group II (4.21±0.03 g/dl) as compared to

Group I (5.32±0.14 g/dl) and control (7.01±0.04 g/dl). The Hb values in group I and II

significantly reduced (P<0.05) (5.01±0.03, 4.06±0.01) as compared to the control

(6.98±0.08) on day 30. Similarly, Group I and II showed significantly (P<0.05) lower

Total leucocyte count (TLC) values on day 25 and 30 as compared to the control. In

Group I and II, significant reduction (P<0.05) in TLC was noticed on day 30 when

compared to day 5 values. There was time and dose dependent reduction in Hb, TLC,

lymphocytes and platelets in the toxin treated groups. Hence, T- 2 toxin induced anemia,

leucocytopenia, lymphocytopaenia and thrombocytopenia in goats. Significant (p<0.05)

increase in catalase, SOD and LPO levels in tissues were recorded on day 30 in both the

toxin treated groups, indicating oxidative stress induced tissue injury. We conclude that

like other laboratory animals, free radical mediated tissue damage occurs in goats fed

with T-2 toxin.

Post 83 A study to evaluate effect of cryoprocessing on percent abnormal

spermatozoa in Barbari buck semen

Baghel G., Yadav S., Anand M., Yadav B., Madan A. K., and Kumar J.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of different stages of semen

processing on percent abnormal spermatozoa in Barbari goat. Five normal, healthy adult

Barbari bucks aged between 2- 4 years, weighing 25-35 kg reared at the experimental

goat shed of Department of Physiology, DUVASU, Mathura (U.P.) were used as

experimental animals. Semen was collected twice a week using artificial vagina

(length=20cm and diameter=4.5cm). The semen collected from all the five bucks was

evaluated and later pooled. The collected semen after evaluated was subjected to process

of cryopreservation. Percent abnormal spermatozoa were evaluated at each step during

cryprocessing. The mean ± S.E for percent abnormal sperms in the neat semen was 4.07±

0.19 which during the initial step of cryopreservation i.e., dilution increased significantly

(P< 0.01) to 5.64± 14. After equilibration the proportion of percent abnormal sperms

showed a significant increase (P< 0.01) with value of 6.59±0.14. The samples were than

subjected to cryopreservation and later analyzed after thawing for percent abnormal

sperms. The observed mean ±S.E values after thawing was found to be 8.48±0.21. A

significant difference (P < 0.01) was observed in percent abnormal spermatozoa during

all the four different steps involved in semen cryopreservation indicating profound effect

of cryopreservative processes in deteriorating the semen quality.

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Post 84 Changes in biometrics of uteri and foetuses during gestation in ewe



Orathanadu.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Studies on prenatal development of farm animals are useful to evaluate the normal

variations in the development of embryos or foetuses in utero. For this a study was

conducted in sixty gravid sheep uteri. Biometrics of the uteri and foetuses were measured

and recorded. The four stages of gestation, viz. stage I (30 to 60 days), stage II (61 to 90

days), stage III (91 to 120 days) and stage IV (121 days to term) were identified based on

the crown anus length of the embryo or fetus. The study revealed that length and width of

the gravid uterus, volume of amniotic and allantoic fluids, weight of the foetus and crown

– anus length of the foetus showed a significant (P<0.01) and progressive increase with

the advancement of gestation. The number of cotyledons, diameter of the largest

cotyledon and weight of the placenta increased progressively in the course of gestation.

In conclusion Various biometrics like length and width of the gravid uterus, volume of

amniotic and allantoic fluids, weight of the foetus, crown – anus length of the foetus,

number of cotyledon, diameter of the largest cotyledon and weight of placenta increased

progressively with the advancement of gestation.

Post 85 Biochemical profile of ovine foetal fluids



Orathanadu.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Foetal fluids are important in the efficient handling of foetal waste products and in

preventing mechanical shock to the developing foetus during entire gestation. The

knowledge regarding changes in foetal fluids is important for diagnosis and treatment of

various disorders. For this a study was conducted in sixty gravid sheep uteri. The four

stages of gestation, viz. stage I (30 to 60 days), stage II (61 to 90 days), stage III (91 to

120 days) and stage IV (121 days to term) were identified based on the crown anus length

of the embryo or fetus. The amniotic and allantoic fluids collected from the gravid uteri

were subjected to investigation for biochemical parameters (glucose, total protein, urea

and creatinine), activities of enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate

aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase), and the concentrations of electrolytes

(sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium and phosphorus). The levels of glucose, total

protein, urea, creatinine, ALT, AST and sodium increased, while those of ALP, calcium

and phosphorus fell in the amniotic fluid with gestation. The concentrations of potassium

and chloride increased and decreased in the former and latter halves of gestation

respectively. The concentrations of glucose, total protein, ALT and potassium increased

with pregnancy in the allantoic fluid, while those of urea, creatinine, AST, ALP and

sodium decreased. The levels of phosphorus increased up to the third stage; followed by a

decline near term. The allantoic fluid had significantly higher concentrations of total

protein, creatinine and calcium in all the four stages of gestation than the amniotic fluid.

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Similar observation was made in the glucose, urea, ALT, and potassium levels of three

stages and AST activity in two stages of gestation.

Post 86 A study to evaluate change in semen quality of Barbari buck during

sequential steps involved in semen cryopreservation

Baghel G., Yadav S., Yadav B., Madan A. K., Anand M., and Kumar J.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

A study was conducted to evaluate the changes in the semen quality of Barbari buck

subjected to process of cryopreservation. Five normal, healthy adult Barbari bucks aged

between 2- 4 years, weighing 25-35 kg reared at the experimental goat sheds of

Department of Physiology, DUVASU, Mathura (U.P.) were used as experimental

animals. The investigation was carried out in the Hi-Tech laboratory of Department of

Physiology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh.

Parameters evaluated were percent live sperms, percent intact acrosome and HOST. It

was observed that the mean (±S.E.) values of per cent live spermatozoa in neat semen,

just after dilution, after equilibration and in frozen thawed semen were 85.67±0.40,

82.00±0.51, 74.77±0.67 and 49.47±1.07 respectively. A significant difference (P≤0.01)

was observed in percent live spermatozoa during different stages of cryoprocessing. The

mean (±S.E.) values of percent intact acrosome in neat semen, just after dilution, after

equilibration and in frozen thawed semen were 90.67±0.46, 84.38±0.20, 73.62±0.24 and

58.49±0.65 respectively. A significant difference (P≤0.01) was observed in per cent

intact acrosome spermatozoa during different stages of cryoprocessing and the mean

(±S.E.) values of per cent HOST positive spermatozoa were 82.93±0.39, 70.01±0.45,

64.39±0.46 and 46.79±0.67 respectively. A significant difference (P≤0.01) was observed

in per cent HOST positive spermatozoa during different stages of cryoprocessing. A

decreasing trend was observed in the different subsequent steps during semen

cryopreservationindicating a negative effect of low temperature exposure on semen

quality.

Post 87 Capacitation like changes in cryopreserved Barbari buck semen centrifuged

and diluted with semen extender containing 20% egg yolk

Baghel G., Yadav S., Anand M., Kumar J. and Yadav B.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

The current investigation aimed to elucidate the role centrifugation and high

concentration of egg yolk on capacitation status of spermatozoa in Barbari buck. The

study was conducted on 5 Barbari bucks aged between 2.0 to 4.0 years, weighing

between 25-35 kg, reared at the experimental goat sheds of Department of Physiology,

DUVASU, Mathura (U.P.). The semen samples were collected twice a week from each

buck using artificial vagina. Collected sample were pooled and immediately evaluated for

seminal attributes and cryopreserved. Later cryopreserved semen samples were analyzed

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for capacitation like changes using chlortetracycline (CTC) staining technique, at

different steps involved in semen cryopreservation. Three different patterns for sperms

were evaluated during the experiment viz Pattern F, Pattern B and Pattern AR. The

observed mean (±S.E.) values of spermatozoa showing CTC pattern F in frozen thawed

semen in 20% egg yolk with centrifugation was 26.37±0.75 per cent, spermatozoa

showing CTC pattern B in frozen thawed semen in was 51.83±0.86 per cent and the

spermatozoa showing CTC pattern AR in frozen thawed semen with 20% egg yolk with

centrifugation was 21.80±0.30 per cent respectively. A significant difference was

observed in all the three patterns with highest values observed sperms exhibiting pattern

B followed by Pattern F and Pattern AR.

Post 88 Seminal attributes of freshly ejaculated neat semen of Bhadawari bulls

reared for breeding

Kumar P., Madan A. K., Anand M., Yadav S., Kumar J. and Yadav B.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was conducted on four Bhadawari buffalo bulls aged between 3-6

years and weighing between 300-450 kg body weight, reared at the Instructional

Livestock Farm Complex (ILFC), DUVASU Mathura. Semen samples were collected

from four bulls twice a week and a total of 32 collections (8 collections per bull) were

utilized in the study. Semen was collected directly into a clean dry graduated centrifuge

tube attached to the latex cone of AV. Immediately after collection, tube containing

semen were marked and placed in the water bath at 37°C which were later analyzed for

different seminal attributes. The mean ± S.E. values of ejaculated volume in Bhadawari

bull ranged between 2.34 ± 0.07 to 2.90 ± 0.30 with average of 2.62 ± 0.10, pH ranged

from 6.94 ± 0.04 to 7.04 ± 0.06 with average of 6.98 ± 0.03, mass motilityranged

between 3.06± 0.06 to 3.25± 0.09 with average of 3.13± 0.04, abnormal sperms varied

from 5.38 ± 0.32 to 5.88 ± 0.40 with average of 5.56 ± 0.22, sperm concentration in

freshly ejaculated semen ranged from 1806.25 ± 68.20 to 1936.88 ± 35.08 with an

average of 1893.13 ± 24.42 while the number of live sperms in the fresh ejaculated

semen sample ranged from 89.50 ± 0.57 to 90.75 ± 0.75 with average of 89.84 ± 0.36.

The values obtained during the experiment gives information regarding the average

values for different seminal attributes analyzed to access the semen quality in Bhadawari

bulls.

Post 89 Effect of Vitamin E, Vitamin C and their combination on quality of

cryopreserved semen.

Kumar P., Madan A. K., Yadav S., Kumar J., Yadav B. and Anand M.


_______________________________________________________________________________________

A study was conducted to determine the effects of vitamin E, Vitamin C and combination

of vitamin E+C on standard semen parameters i.e. motility, percent live sperms and

percent abnormal sperm of Bhadawari bull semen after the freeze–thawing process.

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Ejaculates collected from four Bhadawari bulls were evaluated, pooled and placed in

water bath at 37 °C. Semen samples were divided into four equal fractionsandeach

sample was diluted with a Tris-based extender containing the antioxidants vitamin E (5

mM) and vitamin C (5 mM), and an Vitamin E+C combination (13%), and an extender

containing no antioxidants (control). The diluted samples were cooled to 5 °C and frozen

in 0.25 ml French straws in liquid nitrogen. Frozen straws were thawed individually at 37

°C for 20 s in a water bath for evaluation. The observed mean (±S.E.) of progressive

motility was 53.22±0.81, percent live sperms was 70.13±0.37 and percent abnormal

sperm was 7.75±0.17 percent after post thaw semen evaluation in control group while

seminal parameters in sample supplemented with Vitamin E, vitamin C, Vitamin E+C

were 59.72±0.87, 56.75±0.75 and 64.19±0.77 percent for progressive motility,

72.97±0.41, 71.25±0.46 and 75.31±0.42 percent live sperms and 6.22±0.11, 6.84±0.12

and 5.63±0.13 percent abnormal sperms. Semen extender supplementation with vitamin

E (5 mM) and vitamin C (5 mM), and an Vitamin E+C combination (13%) showed

significant (P < 0.05) increases in seminal attributes evaluated while significant (P <

0.05) decreases was observed in total abnormality rates with best results observed with

vitamin E+C combination (13%) followed by Vitamin E and Vitamin C supplemented

alone in semen extender when compared to the control group, indicating that the

supplementation of antioxidant in form of vitamin and their combination improves the

quality of post thaw semen with best results observed with vitamin E+C combination

(13%).

Post 90 A study to evaluate the change in the percent abnormal spermatozoa during

different steps involved in cryopreservation

Kumar P., Madan A. K., Anand M., Yadav B., and Saxena Atul


_______________________________________________________________________________________

Present study was conducted on four Bhadawari buffalo bulls aged between 3-6 years and

weighing between 300-450 kg body weight, reared at the Instructional Livestock Farm

Complex (ILFC), DUVASU Mathura. Semen samples were collected from four bulls

twice a week and a total of 32 collections (8 collections per bull) were utilized in this

study. Semen was collected directly into a clean dry graduated centrifuge tube attached to

the latex cone of AV. Immediately after collection semen samples were pooled, tube

containing semen were marked and placed in the water bath at 37°C which were later

analyzed for percent abnormal spermatozoa during different stage of cryopreservation

i.e., after dilution, at equilibration and after thawing.The observed mean (±S.E.) of total

sperm abnormalities in polled semen were 4.91±0.14 percent just after dilution,

5.03±0.18 percent after equilibration and 7.75±0.17 percent after post thaw semen

evaluation indicating a increase in the total abnormal sperm concentration with highest

values observed after thawing and lowest at dilution during different step involved in

process of cryopreservation.

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Post 91 Study of hematological changes in cases of Theileriosis in cattle

Kumar Vijay, Singh D. K., Pathak S., Singh Uttam, Singh Renu and Chaudhary M.K.

Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, DUVASU,

Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Theileriosis is an important disease of cattle in India is characterized by high rise in

temperature, anaemia and swelling of lymph nodes. Theileriosis was diagnosed by

observation of parasites in the peripheral blood and presence of Schizonts in lymph

nodes. The parasite remains in two forms, Erythrocytic and Schizonts (Koch‟s blue

bodies) forms. The case report presented here describes the changes in hematological

parameters like Hb, TEC, TLC,& PCV were investigated in 10 adult cattle suffering from

theileriosis, presented to TVCC, Veterinary University, Mathura. The age of all animals

used in this study ranged from 2.5-6 years. There significantly deceases in the mean

values of Hb.TEC, TLC and PCV in infected animals. The present study showed that

Theileria infection in cattle is associated with hematological changes.

Post 92 Evaluation of nutritional status of Indian water buffaloes with subclinical

mastitis

Singh Krishna Veer, Singh Shanker K., Srivastava Mukesh, Srivastava Ashish and

Tripathi Arvind

Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, DUVASU,

Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Subclinical mastitis, a main form of mastitis in modern dairy herds, is one of the major

setbacks for the dairy industry. The nutritional status of dairy animals is implicated in

development of subclinical mastitis. Thus, the present study was intended to evaluate the

alterations in nutritional status of buffaloes affected with subclinical mastitis. A total of

fifty Indian water buffaloes affected with subclinical mastitis were used. Another twenty

clinically healthy devoid of subclinical mastitis were used as healthy control. Assays of

nutritional panels of buffaloes with SCM revealed significantly (P ≤ 0.01) lower level of

Glucose, Cholesterol, Total Protein, Globulin, Calcium, Magnesium and Phosphorus in

comparison with the healthy controls. While, the level of urea was significantly higher (P

≤ 0.01). There were no significant alteration were found in levels of Triglycerides and

Albumin.

Post 93 Hematological changes in Rats caused by Cypermethrin induced toxicity

Singh Renu, Singh Uttam, Gangwar Neeraj, Yadav Raghvender and Srivastava A.K.

Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Cypermethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide used to control many pests, including

moth pests of cotton, fruit and vegetable crops. There are always problems of public

health significance associated with its residues. Sub acute toxicity is also an issue related

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grain storage. Keeping these in view, experiment was conducted in rats by oral

administration of Cypermethrin @ dose rate of 15 mg/kg body weight and to elucidate

effect of toxicity. The rats were kept in smooth impervious poly-propylene cages

thoroughly cleaned with antiseptic, housed in laboratory animal house of department.

Lighting (12 hours light and 12 hour darkness), ventilation, temperature (21±2OC),

relative humidity (50±10 %) and hygienic conditions were maintained throughout the

experiment. Rats (Mean weight 60 g, n=10) randomly divided into two groups. Group-I

was given plane water and feed to act as control while, Group-II was administered

commercially available Cypermethrin daily for 30 days by oral route. Blood samples

were collected after every fortnight and hematological analysis was done by routinue

methods. Observations revealed significant decrease in values of Hb, PCV, and TEC in

group-II in comparison to control group. Decrease in feed consumption was also

observed. The possible reason could be systemic effect of cypermethrin. Present study

revealed that toxicity of cypermethrin is associated with decrease in body weight and

changes in haematological parameter.

Post 94 Estrus induction in bitch using prolactin inhibitor -Cabergoline (Camforte)

Patel Akhil, Yadav Sanjay Singh, Kumar Abhishek, Yadav Dushyant, Sachan Vikas,

Sonker Vipin, Kumar Brijesh, Kumar Anuj and Saxena Atul

Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry,

DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A 4-year old Labrador bitch was presented to Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex,

DUVASU Mathura, with history of anestrus & having normal body condition & appetite.

Abdominal palpation revealed normal genitalia. Ultrasonographic examination of uterus

revealed hypoechoic regions indicating small amount of fluid in uterus. Exfoliative

vaginal cytology further confirmed bitch in anestrus. The bitch was treated with

Cabergoline (Prolactin inhibitor), trade name Camforte, at dose rate of 5 µg/kg body

weight orally daily for one week. On 11th day the bitch exhibited proestrus bleeding. No

side effects were observed during the course of treatment. Exfoliative vaginal cytology

was performed as per standard procedure with Giemsa‟s stain from 4th day of proestrus to

determine optimum breeding time. The cytology was repeated at 2 day interval till 90%

of exfoliated cells get cornified. Vaginal cytology on 12th day of proestrus, revealed more

than 90% of superficial cornified cells and owner was advised for mating.

Post 95 Medicinal treatment of pyometra in bitch using Cabergoline (prolactin

inhibitor): A case report

Yadav Dushyant, Kumar Abhishek, Yadav Sanjay Singh, Patel Akhil, Sachan Vikas,

Sonker Vipin, Kumar Anuj and Saxena Atul


DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A non descript bitch of 5 ½ year age (case no. 1629) weighing 16 kg was presented to

TVCC, DUVASU, Mathura with history of pus like discharge from vagina since one

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week with reduced feed intake. The animal had a past history of similar condition 6

months ago and was subsequently treated with antibiotics, however, condition has

reoccurred. Clinical examination revealed dull and depressed animal with a rectal

temperature of 102 0F, pale mucus membrane and open cervix with foul smelling greyish

yellow discharge. On USG examination uterine lumen was found distended with

presence of anechoic honey comb like image. Blood examination revealed neutrophil

(79%), lymphocyte (16%), monocyte (3%), eosinophil (2%) and nil basophil. The case

was diagnosed as open pyometra. Animal was treated with Tab. Cabergoline @ 5 mcg/

kg BW for 7 days, Inj. and a 4 days treatment with Ceftriazone 500mg I/V and 500 mg

intrauterine, Ringer‟s Lactate 200 ml I/V, Inj Neohepatex 0.5 ml I/M , Inj Avil 1 ml I/M.

Animal was kept under observation and examined continuously for 7-8 days. There was

a decrease in uterine lumen and decrease in vaginal pus. Animal become alert & active,

starts eating, USG examination after 8 days revealed no anechoic images with normal

size of uterus. Animal recovered uneventfully after treatment.

Post 96 Effect of egg yolk concentrations on membrane integrity of cryopreserved


Sachan Vikas, Saxena Atul, Mishra Sanjay, Kumar Abhishek, Yadav Dushyant and

Kumar Anuj


DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Egg yolk is an important constituent of extender having protective action in preservation

of semen due to the phospholipids (lecithin) and low density lipoproteins (LDL). Egg

yolk has been shown to increase the sperm fertilizing ability when present in extenders

for semen storage at ambient temperature and appears to prevent sperm cell damage

during cooling and freezing. Various combinations of egg yolk (different concentration)

with glycerol show different effects on seminal attributes. The present study was done

with the objective to observe the effect of egg yolk concentration on the sperm membrane

integrity of Hariana bull semen cryopreserved in TRIS based extender. Semen from four

Hariana bulls collected biweekly using standard procedure were diluted with GEYT

having 7% glycerol with 12%, 16% and 20% egg yolk separately keeping concentration

100 millions sperms / ml. Diluted semen was filled in straws, equilibrated for 5 hrs. at

50C, cryopreserved in LN2 vapours taking 7.25 minutes using biological freezer and

finally stored in liquid nitrogen container. Thawing was done after 24 hr of storage in

LN2 using thawing unit (IMV France) maintained at 370C and with a holding time of 45

sec. Sperm HOS test was performed according to Correa and Zavos (1994) by using

Hypotonic solution (150 mOsml/L) of fructose and sodium citrate. The result revealed a

highly significant (P<0.01) difference in HOS positive spermatozoa at the different

concentration of egg yolk. Further, the significant (P<0.01) difference was found in all

the stages (after dilution and equilibration) of freezing and thawing. The mean (n=32)

HOS positive spermatozoa in 12% egg yolk following dilution was 76.94±0.93 percent

whereas the respective values for 16% and 20% egg yolk concentration were 80.59±0.89

and 82.59±0.66 percent which differed significantly with 12%. After equilibration the

HOS positive spermatozoa in 12% egg yolk was 71.94±0.79 percent whereas the

respective values in 16% and 20% egg yolk extender were 76.66±0.82 and 78.50±0.71

percent which differed significantly with 12% concentration. After thawing the HOS

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positive spermatozoa in 12% egg yolk was 63.91±0.91 percent whereas the respective

values in 16% and 20% egg yolk extender were 67.94±0.91 and 70.03±0.80 percent

which differed significantly with 12% concentration. It was concluded with the study that

a 7% glycerol with 16% or 20% egg yolk combination provided maximum cryoprotective

effect as indicated with HOS study for cryopreserving Hariana bull semen.

Post 97 Effect of glycerol concentrations on acrosomal integrity of cryopreserved


Sachan Vikas, Saxena Atul, Mishra Sanjay, Patel Akhil, Yadav Sanjay S. and Singh

Vijay


DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Generally sperm cryopreservation extenders include a non permeating cryoprotectant

(milk or egg yolk) and penetrating cryoprotectant (glycerol, ethylene glycol, or dimethyl

sulfoxide). Penetrating cryoprotectants cause membrane lipid and protein rearrangement,

resulting in increased membrane fluidity, greater dehydration at lower temperatures,

reduced intracellular ice formation, and increased survival to cryopreservation. Glycerol

remains to be one of the most favored CPA. Freeze/thaw stresses and damages during

cryopreservation can be greatly reduced by the use of glycerol The specific concentration

levels of glycerol are species specific, but the extent of the damage varies according to

the species and depends on its concentration in the extender solution. The present study

was designed with the objective of determining the effect of glycerol concentrations on

the sperm acrosomal integrity of Hariana bull semen cryopreserved in TRIS based

extender. Semen from four Hariana bulls collected biweekly using standard procedure

were diluted with GEYT having 20% egg yolk with 5% and 7% glycerol separately

keeping concentration 100 millions sperms / ml. Diluted semen was filled in straws,

equilibrated for 5 hrs. at 50C, cryopreserved in LN2 vapours taking 7.25 minutes using

biological freezer and finally stored in liquid nitrogen container. Thawing was done after

24 hr of storage in LN2 using thawing unit (IMV France) maintained at 370C and with a

holding time of 45 sec. Spermatozoa acrosomal integrity was performed with giemsa

staining as described by Hancock (1952). The observations revealed a highly significant

(P<0.01) difference in the percentage of intact acrosome in the two concentrations of

glycerol used. The significant difference (P<0.01) was also observed between the

different stages (after dilution and equilibration) of cryoprservation and thawing. The

mean percentage of spermatozoa with intact acrosome in 5% glycerol was 78.50±0.86

percent following dilution of semen while the respective value for 7% was 84.34±0.67

percent. After equilibration the value in 5% glycerol was 73.53±0.84 whereas the

respective value in 7% was 80.16±0.66 percent. After thawing the intact acrosome in 5%

glycerol was 64.47±0.95 whereas the respective value in 7% was 71.56±0.80 percent.

These observation shows that the percent spermatozoa with intact acrosome will be better

preserved when Hariana bull semen is diluted in 7% glycerol with an egg yolk

concentration of 20%.

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Post 98 Seminal characteristics of Hariana bulls

Sachan Vikas, Saxena Atul, Mishra Sanjay, Yadav Dushyant and Yadav Sanjay S.


DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Hariana breed is a known dual purposes breed in northern India and was a major source

of draught animal power. Hariana cattle also showed a good place for different

productive and reproductive performances amongst different indigenous zebu breeds

(Dalal et al., 2002). Uttar Pradesh has maximum number of Hariana cattle than any other

breed. There are total 509780 male Hariana cattle and 545038 female Hariana cattle in

Uttar Pradesh. Mathura region has 2201 male Hariana cattle and 8497 female Hariana

cattle (18th livestock Census, India; Uttar Pradesh Census). Keeping in view of the

increasing cost and depleting source of petroleum products being used in agriculture

sector, there is need for conservation of good performing indigenous cattle breeds like

Hariana cattle. Sperm cryopreservation is a suitable technique for all the domestic

animals for ex-situ conservation. The neat semen quality directly reflects the ability of

the sperms to be cryopreserved which will further add in conservation and expansion of

this cattle breed. The present study was done with the objective of comparing the

different seminal attributes in the neat semen of four different bulls. For this purpose,

four Hariana bulls aged between 4.5 to 5.5 years and 450 to 500 kg body weight managed

under proper farm condition were used as semen donors, Semen was collected at

biweekly interval using artificial vagina. The ejaculated semen was immediate kept in a

water bath maintained at 35oC and was subsequently evaluated for different seminal

attributes. The mean semen volume of four bulls ranges between 3-7.9 ml with the

overall mean as 5.38±0.25 ml , pH between 6.7-7.0 with the overall mean as 6.86±0.01,

mass motility between 3-4.5 with the overall mean 3.48±0.08, concentration between

820-2600 million/ml with overall mean of 1346.88±72.11 millions/ml , percentage of live

sperm between 70-94 with the overall mean of 88.34±0.82 percent, progressively motile

sperm between 70-85 with the overall mean of 78.25±0.56 percent. Except for semen

volume and percent live spermatozoa which were found significant (P<0.01) amongst

differed bull all other parameter were found non-significant.

Post 99 Water splashing and roof thatching for heat stress management

Sirohi R., Singh D.N., Singh Yajuvendra and Yadav R.S.

Department of Livestock Production and Management, CCSHAU, Hisar

_______________________________________________________________________________________

The thermal stress has effect on normal physiological parameters viz. respiration rate and

rectal temperature of animals. This is also reflected in growth of animals. The practice of

water splashing on animal and thatching asbestos roof with fodder residue is an old

practice in villages. To scientifically verify the quantum of effect and cost effectiveness

of these practices an experiment was conducted whereby water splashing twice a day and

thatching the asbestos roof with forage residue was performed in two groups of buffalo

heifers maintained at Animal Farm of COAS, CCSHAU, Hisar. Simultaneously, rectal

temperature and respiration rate was recorded during morning and evening daily for 100

days spanning from April to July encompassing hot-dry and Hot-humid conditions

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prevalent in north-western India. The mean morning rectal temperature and the mean

morning respiration rate are not affected by the treatment. However, during hot summers

the mean evening rectal temperature and the mean evening respiration rate was

significantly affected by the treatment. The total cost of raising a heifer for 100 days was

estimated as Rs 2447.80 in treatment group and Rs 2330.00 in control group, however,

the cost per Kg body weight gain is significantly less in the treatment group.

Post 100 Management of follicular cyst in buffaloes using CIDR

Yadav Sanjay Singh, Patel Akhil, Kumar Abhishek, Yadav Dushyant, Sachan Vikas

and Saxena Atul


DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

One graded Murrah & two non-descript buffaloes were presented to Teaching Veterinary

Clinical Complex, DUVASU, Mathura at different time. All three had history of frequent

short irregular heat, and one Murrah buffalo showed relaxation of sacrosciatic ligament.

Per rectal examination of these buffalo revealed enlarged tennis ball like ovaries with

fluid filled fluctuating structures. The animals were rechecked after an interval varying

from 11-13 days and rectal examination at this stage revealed more or less similar

condition of ovaries as has been observed in the earlier examination. Ultrasonographic

examination revealed thin walled multiple fluid filled (anechoic) structures having a size

varying between 19 mm to 28 mm in diameter indicating presence of cyst. These

buffaloes were treated using controlled intravaginal drug release (CIDR-a progesterone

implant) implant into the vagina and placed intravaginally for 14 days. After 14 days

CIDR was removed and USG was carried out. USG examination revealed presence of

follicular wave and appearance of dominant follicle of the size between 11 to 13 mm.

The animals were subsequently reported in estrus and were inseminated.

Post 101 Successful medicinal treatment of pyometra using cabergoline and PGF2Α

: A case report

Kumar Abhishek, Yadav Dushyant, Yadav Sanjay Singh, Patel Akhil and Saxena Atul


DUVASU, Mathura

_______________________________________________________________________________________

A non descript, non pregnant bitch of 8 year age (case no. 5465) was presented to

T.V.C.C. DUVASU Mathura with history of inappetance to anorexia, vomition and pus

like discharge since 5 days . Further details revealed that animal had history of blood

discharge from vagina 15 days back followed by an abnormal vaginal discharge. Clinical

examination revealed animal in dull and depressed condition having rectal temperature

101.60F, heart rate 135/min., polypnea with pale mucus membrane and open cervix.

USG examination revealed an increased uterine lumen with anechoic honey comb like

images. Lab test reviles serum creatinin level 1.94 mcg/dl with normal SGOT, SGPT.

The case is diagnosed as open pyometra. Animal was subsequently treated with Tab.

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Cabergoline @ 5 mcg/ kg BW for 9 days, Inj. Cloprostenal @ 5 mcg/ kg BW i/m on

alternate day for 4 days, Inj. Betamethasone 0.5 ml on alternate day, Liq. Povidine iodine

& meteronidazole (INNODINE I.U) I.U. , days, Inj. Dextrose 25% I/V, Inj. Ringer‟s

Lactate 200 ml I/V, for 6 days Inj. Inj. Ceftriazone 500mg I/V for 9 Renitadine 0.5 mg/

kg BW, Inj. Vit. B complex(polybion) 0.5 ml I/M, Inj. Ferrus sulphare (feritas) 0.5 ml

I/M for 7 days. Animal was examined on 9th day there was no evidence of any discharge

from vagina, animal was alert & active, had starts eating. USG carried out on 9th day

revealed a clear uterine lumen without any anechoic images. Animal was recovered

uneventfully after 9 days of treatment.

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PFWP 01 Efficacy of dietary phytoestrogens, feed restriction and their interaction on

reproductive parameters of broiler pullets

Madnurkar A.D., Shinde A.S., Chouhan L., Mohan J. and Moudgal R.P.

Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar

___________________________________________________________________________________________

An attempt was conducted to study the impact of phytoestrogen (dietary30ppm), feed

restrictions (75% of their control ad lib) and their interaction on reproductive parameters in

high and low body weight broiler breeder hens (19-25 wks and 25-30 wks). The gross

change in reproductive organs weight (ovary without yellow follicles and oviduct), no. of

yellow follicles (YFs), no. of yellow atretic follicles, presence of internal ovulation, presence

of abnormal hierarchy was recorded in respective groups. All these parameters were

compared to the untreated control. Phytoestrogen, feed restriction and their interaction

reduced the ovary weight significantly (P<0.05) in high body weight birds but in low body

weight birds, only feed restriction caused a significant drop. Feed restriction in low body

weight birds significantly (P<0.05) reduced the oviduct weight but a reverse trend with

phytoestrogen treatment was noted. Phytoestrogen, feed restriction and their interaction

significantly (P<0.05) reduced the no. of yellow follicles in both high and low body weight

birds. Phytoestrogen reduced internal ovulation in high body weight birds. Phytoestrogen,

feed restriction and their interaction reduced abnormal hierarchy in both high and low body

weight birds. Feed restriction reduced double yolk eggs during 19-25 wks but no sustained

effect was observed during 25-30 wks. Interaction between phytoestrogen and feed

restriction did not give any additional remunerative advantage. It is concluded that

phytoestrogens and limited feed restriction likely to improve reproductive efficiency around

age of sexual maturity by overcoming the reproductive anomalies and modulating the

ovarian and oviduct maturation favourably in broiler breeder hen.

PFWP 02 Antioxidant enzyme status in broiler chicks: Role of dietary supplementation of

Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum basilicum and Selenium

Leela V., Varaprasad Reddy L. S. S, Suganya G., Loganathasamy K. and Devaraj C.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai

___________________________________________________________________________________________

An experiment was conducted in broiler chicken to evaluate the effect of dietary

supplementation of Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum basilicum and selenium on antioxidative

enzyme levels. Total of forty two broiler chicks of day old divided into six groups of 7 each

were used for this study. O. sanctum leaf powder (0.5%), O. basilicum leaf powder (0.5%)

and organic selenium (0.3 ppm) and their combinations were added to the basal diet.

Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) and catalase levels in

plasma were measured at the end of 3rd

and 6th week of age. Dietary supplementation of

selenium itself significantly (p<0.01) increased GSH-px activity and supplementation of

both Ocimum species significantly increased SOD and catalase levels. However, O.

basilicum and O. sanctum in combination with selenium effectively enhanced the levels of

SOD, GSH-px and catalase. Between O. basilicum and O. sanctum with combination of

selenium no significant variations in antioxidant levels were seen. Both the plant sources

showed similar potency in scavenging free radicals. It is concluded that dietary

supplementation of O. sanctum or basilicum at 0.5% level and its combination with

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selenium (0.3ppm) can combat oxidative stress in broilers, by enhancing antioxidative

enzyme levels.

PFWP 03 Examine fertility in fertile period in Kadaknath chicken using different semen

extenders

Shinde A.S., Mohan J., Singh R.P., Chouhan L. and Sastry KVH

Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar

___________________________________________________________________________________________

The attempts have been made to examine fertile period in kadaknath chicken (Desi hens)

using fresh Vs preserved semen. For this study 60 female and 30 male birds from this breed

were taken. Standard procedures were used for semen collection, dilution, artificial

insemination and fertility examination. The fertile period of fresh (0), 6 and 24hr stored

semen (at 3-50C) in all diluents (normal saline, CARI semen diluent, BPSE, and Lake‟s

semen diluents) was determined in 60 healthy hens from each breed using A.I. technique.

Artificial insemination with freshly ejaculated semen (0 hr) indicated that fertilizing ability

of spermatozoa in fertile period was reduced gradually and significantly (P<0.05) with the

increase of duration after A.I. (from 2-12 days) irrespective of the diluents. Similarly a

gradual reduction in fertility along with enhancement of fertile period was examined at 6 and

24 hr stored kadaknath as well as broiler chicken semen. Fertility in fertile period was found

very poor in the semen stored and diluted with normal saline for 6 hrs, whereas in the same

diluent, no fertility after 24 hrs storage of semen. A fertility curves were drawn for a

population of hens based on the daily number of fertile eggs produced after one insemination

to each female which indicated fertility in fertile period. At all the semen storage period (0, 6

and 24 hrs), CARI semen diluent exhibited numerically higher fertility in fertile period than

other diluent. This suggests that the ingredient of CARI diluent is comparatively more

suitable to the survival of spermatozoa of this breed of chicken.

PFWP 04 Studies on performance traits of guinea fowls fed Neem (Azadirachta indica)

leaf powder

Singh M. K., Singh S. K., Singh D. V., Sharma R. K., Singh Brijesh, Palod J., Kumar

Shive, Barwal R. S., Kumar Anil and Singh C. B.

Department of Livestock Production Management, G.B.P.U.A&T, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand

___________________________________________________________________________________________

The study was conducted to study the growth pattern and carcass traits in pearl grey guinea

fowl, fed on dietary Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf powder over a period of 12 weeks. Day

old guinea fowl keets (n = 120) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, each with

3 replicates. The first treatment was designated as control (T0) in which no supplement was

added to feed, while in treatments T1, T2 and T3 Neem leaf powder was provided through

feed @ 1 , 2 and 3 g per kilogram of feed, respectively. The results revealed that there was

significant increase (P<0.05) in body weight at 12 week which were found as 1229.7, 1249.8

and 1266.2 g in T1, T2, and T3 respectively as compared to control group T0 (1220.0 g).

The present study also showed that supplementation of Neem leaf powder significantly

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(P≤0.05) increased the feed intake which might be due to hypoglycaemic activity of Neem

resulting from biguanide like action leading to increased cellular uptake and utilization of

glucose (K. Jayakumar et al.). The results further revealed significant increase in FCR of

treated groups over control indicating that feeding of Neem leaf powder to birds of treated

groups have lowered their residual feed efficiency.

PFWP 05 Egglay and subsequent reproductive performance of white leg horn chickens

subjected to different parts of light spectrum

Reddy I. J., Ravi Kiran G., and Mondal S.

National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bangalore

___________________________________________________________________________________________

The aim of this, was to establish the effects of red spectrum of light (650nm, treated n=12)

and normal spectrum of light (450nm control=12) on amplitude and frequency of luteinizing

hormone (LH), estradiol (E2ß), progesterone (P4), intersequence pause days and egg

production from 52 to 62 weeks old laying white leghorn hens. Weekly interval profiles of

plasma LH, E2ß and P4 concentrations were increased in birds exposed to red spectrum of

light. At 57th weeks of age blood samples from both the groups were collected at every 3 h

for 36h to study the pulsatile secretion of LH surges. Plasma LH concentration was higher

(P<0.01) in treated birds with more number of frequencies and amplitude LH surges in

plasma of treated birds. LH frequencies were more pronounced and advanced during 36 h of

sampling at 3 h interval in treated birds. Weekly interval of plasma LH, E2ß and P4

concentrations increased (P<0.01) in treated birds from 32 to 42 weeks of age. GnRH-I

mRNA concentration was significantly (P<0.01) higher in birds exposed to red spectrum of

light compared to controls. It is hypothesized that exposure of birds to red spectrum of light

caused enhanced (P<0.01) GnRH-I mRNA, along with other hormones required for egg

formation and egg lay. During 77 days (52-62 weeks of age) of experimental period, egg

production was enhanced (p<0.01) with lower incidence of pause days after the peak

productive period in treated group. It is concluded that, higher levels of GnRH mRNA LH,

E2ß and P4 concentration with lower incidence of pause days enabled the birds to lay more

eggs during the productive period by modulating the wavelengths of light under normal

husbandry conditions.

PFWP 06 Effect of addition of Taurine on the liquid storage (5oC) of Mithun (Bos

frontalis) semen


National Research Centre on Mithun, Jharnapani, Nagaland

___________________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of taurine on sperm functional and

biochemical profiles in mithun semen. Semen ejaculates were collected from 8 mithun bulls,

and semen was split into 4 equal aliquots and diluted with the TEYC extender. Group 1:

semen without additives (control), groups 2 to 4: semen was diluted with 25 mM, 50 mM

and 100 mM of taurine, respectively. Seminal parameters and biochemical profiles were

assessed at 5oC. Inclusion of taurine into diluent resulted in significant (p < 0.05) decreases

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in percentages of dead spermatozoa, abnormal spermatozoa and acrosomal abnormalities

after liquid storage compared with the control group. Additionally, taurine at 50 mM has

significant improvement in quality of mithun semen than taurine at 25 or 100 mM stored in

in- vitro at 5oC. It was concluded that the possible protective effects of taurine on sperm

parameters are from enhancing the function of antioxidant enzymes, preventing efflux of

cholesterol from cell membranes and decreased MDA production.

PFWP 07 Effects of different concentration of glycerol and method of addition on

apoptosis in fresh and cryopreserved Mithun (Bos frontalis) semen

Bora Bhaskar, Baruah K. K., Savino N., Dhali A., Mondal M., Mukherjee A., Rajkhowa

C. and Perumal P.

National Research Centre on Mithun (ICAR), Jharnapani, Nagaland – 797 106

___________________________________________________________________________________________

The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of different dosage of glycerol at

different method of addition of glycerol on apoptotic sperm percentage in mithun semen.

Total numbers of 60 ejaculates were collected twice a week from five mithun bulls and

semen was split into two equal aliquots. The first aliquots was again split into five subgroups

and the glycerol was added at 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7%, in a single dose (non- split) and second

aliquots was split into three subgroups and glycerol was added at 5, 6 and 7%, in the split

doses at different stage of cryopreservation, and both were diluted with the TEYC extender.

Apoptotic sperm percentage was estimated with tunnel assay using commercially available

In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit (Roche Diagnostics, USA). Results revealed that apoptotic

sperm percentage was significantly lower in 5% glycerol added group than other group and

nonsignificantly lower in the split method than in non- split method of addition of glycerol

in the mithun semen.

PFWP 08 Plasma biochemical profile of Emu chicks

Suganya G., Leela V., P. Gnanaraj Tensingh, Richard Jagatheesan P.N. and

Paramasivam A.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai

___________________________________________________________________________________________

The nutrition of emus from hatching to breeding adult is an area of vital importance. Emu

chicks have a high rate of growth and their nutrition greatly affect the age of maturity.

Biochemical status is a reflection of many factors such as age, diet and management. As

there are no reference biochemical values for emus in India, a study was conducted to

evaluate the standard metabolic components in the plasma from emus. Blood samples were

collected in heparin coated tubes from 40 apparently healthy emu chicks aged about 5 to 6

months, reared at Regional Research Centre, Pudukottai and University Research Farm,

Madhavaram, Chennai. Plasma was separated by centrifugation and total protein, albumin,

calcium, phosphorus and magnesium were analyzed by using commercially available kits.

Further, albumin : globulin ratio was calculated. The data were statistically analyzed by

student “t” test and values were expressed as mean ± S.E. Plasma total protein, albumin,

globulin, albumin : globulin ratio, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium were found to be

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6.18 ± 0.05 mg/dl, 3.11 ± 0.01 mg/dl, 3.07 ± 0.05 mg/dl, 1.03 ± 0.02, 9.83 ± 0.07 mg/dl,

5.08 ± 0.07 mg/dl and 1.92 ± 0.02 mg/dl respectively. This study aids in establishing

reference values for biochemical profiles in emu chicks.

PFWP 09 Comparative performance of broiler chicken reared under different

temperature and humidity levels using automated environment control

chamber facility for poultry during summer season

Vasanthakumar P., Chandrasekaran D., Kathirvalan C., B Pangayarselvi., Sasikumar P.,

Purushothaman M.R. and Senthilkumar S.

Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Namakkal

___________________________________________________________________________________________

A broiler trial was conducted to assess the performance of broiler chicken reared under

different temperature and humidity levels using automated environment control chamber

facility for poultry during summer season. A total of 780 number of commercial broiler

chicks were randomly allotted to three treatment groups with 20 replicates per treatment

group and 13 birds per replicate. The birds in the T1 group were reared at a set chamber

temperature of 350C and 60 % RH throughout the experimental period up to 35 days of age.

The birds in the T2 group were subjected to gradual reduction in set room temperature @

20C per week from 35

0C during first week to 27

0C during fifth week of age. The set RH was

maintained at 60 %. The birds belonging to T3 group were reared at a set chamber

temperature of 350C similar to T1 group whereas the relative humidity of the chamber was

set at 75 % instead of 60 %. The birds were reared in deep litter pens using coir pith as litter

material. The body weight of birds on 35 days age was significantly high (P<0.05) in T2

group whereas the cumulative feed intake was higher in T3 group. The feed conversion

efficiency was better in T2 group (1.51 ± 0.01) when compared to T1 and T3 groups (1.58 ±

0.01). During sixth week of age, a total of 60 birds were slaughtered (@ two birds from each

replicate) for studying the carcass characteristics. The hot carcass weight, dressing

percentage, weights of liver, heart & gizzard and length of entire intestine did not differ

significantly. From this study, it can be concluded that gradual reduction of environmental

temperature from first week of age resulted in better performance of broilers with a feed

conversion efficiency of 1.51. However, high humidity with frequent fluctuations in

environmental temperature inside the chamber resulted in poor performance of broiler birds.

PFWP 10 Heat ameliorating and immunomodulatory properties of AV/LAP/19 in broilers

chickens

Limsay R., Jangde C. R., Ravikanth K., Thakur A. and Maini S.

Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Heat stress caused an increasing concern in poultry production due to the reduced

performance of poultry during summer. A comparative study was conducted to evaluate

comparative effects of supplementation of vitamin C and Liquid herbal antistressor product

AV/LAP/19 (supplied by M/S Ayurvet Ltd., Baddi, H.P., India) on the performance of

environmental heat stressed broilers birds was conducted. 90 day-old unsexed broiler chicks

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of Vencobb strain exposed to environmental heat were randomly divided into three groups

each having three replicates of ten birds. Group- T0: Untreated control, Group- T1:

supplemented with synthetic Vit. C @ 100g/ton of feed, Group- T2: supplemented with

AV/LAP/19 (Starter: @1 ml/100 birds/day Grower: @ 2ml/100 birds/day Finisher: @

3ml/100 birds/day in water. The birds were fed standard ration throughout the experiment.

At the end of 42nd

day significantly results in term of final body weight (1965.5, 2036.6 and

2086.6 g) and mean FCR (2.10, 1.90 and 1.91) were obtained in treated groups. The

haematological data revealed normalization of values of TEC, TLC, Hb and PCV in treated

groups as compared to control. Heat stress induced sharp rise in the serum glucose (g/dl),

uric acid (mg/dl) and ALP (IU/L) levels in control group (262.8, 3.59 and 29.77), which

reduced significantly in treated groups (175.5, 9.33 and 2.88 in T1 and 182.8, 12.11 and 2.73

in T2). Antibody titre for NCD was significantly higher in the treated groups (149.3 in T1

and 156.4 in T2) as compared to untreated control (60.4). The dressed weight and carcass

yield of treatment groups were observed significantly higher (P≤0.05) as compared to

control group. Significantly higher organ weight of liver and kidneys and primary organs of

immune system suggested the potential immunomodulatory effect of antistressor products.

From the results it can be concluded that AV/LAP/19 is effective in combating heat stress

and immunosuppression, besides enhancing the production performance in poultry and can

successfully replace vit C in broiler ration.

PFWP 11 Blood biochemical profile of hilly Pig “Zovawk Pig” of Mizoram

Prava M., Tolenkhomba T.C., Ali M.A., Saikia P. and Singh N. Shyamsana

College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram

___________________________________________________________________________________________

“Zovawk pig” is a semi wild type of non-descript pig found in the hilly terrain of Mizoram.

A study was carried out to find out blood biochemical profile of Zovawk pig reared in the

Livestock Farm, C.V. Sc. & A.H., Selesih, Aizawl during Summer season (March to June,

2011), Rainy season (July to October, 2011) and Winter season (November 2011 to

February 2012). in three different age groups, Group I (pre-weaning; 1 month old), Group II

(grower, 2 months old) and Group III (adults, 11-12 months old). Each groups comprised of

12 animals. Plasma protein, albumin, globulin, albumin globulin ratio (A:G ratio),

cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL), urea, SGOT, calcium (Ca),

phosphorus (Pi), sodium (Na), chloride (Cl) and iron (Fe) were significantly influenced by

both season and age (P<0.05). Interaction of season and age influenced protein, albumin,

globulin, cholesterol, urea, SGOT, Ca, Pi and Cl significantly (P<0.05). Adult group had

higher levels of total protein, globulin, Ca, Fe, SGOT and SGPT (P<0.05) as compared to

the young ones. On the other hand A:G ratio, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL,

urea, Pi, Cl and ALP were significantly lower in adults as compared to young ones. The

urea, Na and SGOT levels were higher in rainy season as compared to other seasons

(P<0.05). The total protein, albumin, Pi, Cl and Fe were higher in winter as compared to

other seasons. The Zovawk pigs were found to have higher ranges of plasma urea, Na and

serum Fe as compared to other previous reports in other breeds of pig.

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PFWP 12 Studies on some haematological, biochemical and mineral profile of Rhode

Island Red (RIR) laying birds reared at backyard in different agroclimatic

zones of West Bengal

Pandiyan Guru. D. V., Maity S., Das P. K, Ghosh P. R., Sanyal S and Gogoi S. J.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, 37, K. B. Sarani,

Kolkata

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Backyard fowl contributes nearly 50% of egg production in India as well as in West Bengal.

The population of backyard improved fowl had also been increased in the state of West

Bengal and Rhode Island Red (RIR) was considered as the best suited breed for backyard

rearing for the state. Hence, proper management of RIR population reared at backyard can

increase the egg production level which can fulfil the protein requirement of rural mass

particularly of below poverty line people. In this context, haematological (Hb, TEC), serum

biochemical (AST, ALT, T3 and T4) and serum mineral (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ca and P) profiles

in addition to protein intake and body growth of the birds were estimated at different

agroclimatic zones of West Bengal. The study revealed that there was no significant

difference in haematological, biochemical and serum mineral profiles at different zones

except in the concentration of AST and iron in serum where they showed significant (P ≤

0.01) difference within the zones of RIR bird reared at backyard. Iron, zinc and manganese

concentration in serum showed positive association with the body growth at different ages.

Hormones viz.T3, T4 along with protein intake from feed supplement also showed positive

association with body growth. AST and ALT concentration in serum showed higher than the

normal values whereas T3 and T4 decreased during overall study. The overall physio-

biochemical and serum micronutrient status do not deviate from the normal range in RIR

breed. Finally, the study reveals that RIR birds may suitably be adapted at backyard system

in different agroclimatic zones of West Bengal.

PFWP 13 Effect of poly herbal liver tonic on the biochemical indices of commercial layers

during late stage of production

Shukla P.K. and Bhattacharyya A.

Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, DUVASU, Mathura

___________________________________________________________________________________________

A study was conducted on 42 fifty three week old CARI PRIYA layers to assess the effect

of poly herbal liver tonic, AV/SSL/12 (Ayurvet Limited product) on the biochemical indices

of commercial layers during late stage of production. The birds were distributed into two

experimental groups having three replicates of seven birds each. The birds of the control

group were fed a basal diet (18% CP & 2600 K cal/kg ME) while the other group birds were

fed a basal diet supplemented with a poly herbal liver tonic in drinking water@

20ml/100birds/day from 53 to 72 weeks. Serum biochemical parameters viz. Alkaline

phosphatase (ALP), Aspartate Amino Transferase (AST) and Alanine Amino Transferases

(ALT) were determined at 62nd

week & 72th week of age on 7 birds/ group by standard

diagnostic kits (Span diagnostics Ltd., Surat, India). There were no significant differences in

biochemical parameters among the treatment groups at 62nd

week and 72th week of age.

Thus, it may be concluded that poly herbal liver tonic, AV/SSL/12 did not affect the level of

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serum ALP, AST and ALT during the late stage of production in commercial layers.

PFWP 14 Maternal dietary manipulation and vaccination on serum biochemical indices

of day old turkey poults

Bhattacharyya A., Majumdar S., Bhanja S. K., Mandal A. B. and Dash B. B.

Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh

___________________________________________________________________________________________

A study was carried out to assess the effect of maternal dietary manipulation and vaccination

in the serum biochemicals of turkey neonates. Two hundred turkey breeder hens and twenty-

four viable toms of 30-35 weeks of age of small white variety were distributed into two

groups (NRC-1994 diet, High immune diet-HI) having four replicates of 25 hens and three

toms in each treatment. The diets were fed to turkey birds for about eight weeks. After six

weeks of experimental feeding two replicates from each treatment group were vaccinated

with ND (R2B). At the end of experimental feeding, 370 fertile eggs were collected from 4

groups (NRC-V, NRC-NV, HI-V and HI-NV). Serum blood biochemicals were determined

at day old by sacrificing six chicks from each dietary treatment. Poults from vaccinated birds

had significantly higher (P<0.05) serum protein levels at day old compared to those from

non vaccinated breeders (5.71 vs 4.68). Similarly, high immune group chicks had apparently

higher serum protein level compared to control group. However, there were no significant

differences recorded in the other serum biochemicals among the different treatment groups.

Hence, it may be concluded that breeder dietary manipulation and vaccination may not

adversely affect the serum biochemical indices in neonate turkey poults.

PFWP 15 Production performances and antioxidant status of Rhode Island Red (RIR)

laying birds reared at backyard in different agroclimatic zones of West Bengal

during summer

Maity S., Ghosh P. R., Das P. K, Sanyal S, Pandiyan G. D. V., Das K., Gogoi S. J.,

Banerjee D. and Mukherjee J.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences,

___________________________________________________________________________________________ Backyard poultry plays an immense role providing nutritional security, protein supplement,

women empowerment to the below poverty line people in the state of West Bengal. Rhode

Island Red (RIR) was considered as the best suited breed for backyard rearing for the state.

To keep the birds in physiological status for producing optimum egg production special

attention is to be considered during summer to minimize the stress. In this context, various

physiological production parameters viz. weekly hen day and egg weight of RIR birds were

studied during summer from 600 RIR birds, considering equal population in each zone of

West Bengal viz. tarai, old alluvial, new alluvial, coastal and red laterite zone. The

Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathion peroxidase (GHS-Px), Total antioxidant status

(TAS) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of RIR were measured and Canonical Correlation

Analysis was made to find out the associationship among the estimated value with the

production performance in different zones. Mean weekly hen day average and egg weight of

RIR bird reared at backyard at the age from 26th

to 37th week in summer season depicts that

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the overall weekly hen day average and egg weight in summer was 3.39 ± 0.09 and 45.13 ±

0.24 g respectively. It indicated that the RIR birds reared at backyard at various zones of

West Bengal were adapted suitably. But the pattern of egg production in various zones is not

same, as significant egg production difference (P≤0.01) among zones was noticed at the

initial phase of summer, from 26th to 31

st week, then such variation was not observed;

whereas, significant difference (P≤0.01) in egg weight was noticed at later phase of summer,

from 31st to 37

th week and before that such variation in egg weight was not occurred. It may

be due to adjustment to the environmental factors. The birds accommodated the climatic

stress and due to that after the age of 31st week the variation in weekly hen day production

had not been significantly changed amongst the various agroclimatic zones. Moreover, the

present findings also showed that there was significant (P≤0.01) correlation persist between

weekly hen day average and egg weight at 26th week to 35

th week and at 37

th week (P≤0.05).

It indicated that factors affecting the weekly hen day and egg weight at various weeks were

similar type. These may be stress factors which can affect the production. It was observed

that mean concentration of SOD, GHS-Px, TAS and LDH of RIR bird reared at backyard

have positive association with weekly hen day average and average egg weight throughout

summer stress. The current findings showed that RIR birds reared at backyard had better

adaptation ability to summer stress in different agroclimatic zones of West Bengal.

PFWP 16 Physiological characteristics of nondescript domestic Geese (Anser anser) at



Department of Veterinary Physiology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal. Tamil Nadu

Veterinary and Animal Sciences University

___________________________________________________________________________________________

The study was carried out on the nondescript domestic Geese (Anser anser) available at the

Sheep Breeding Research Station (SBRS), Sandynallah, Nilgiris district, a unit of

TANUVAS, Chennai. Sixty apparently healthy nondescript domestic geese of 1 month to 12

years age (30 male and 30 female) were randomly grouped in to five groups of 6 birds for

each sex, viz. 1-2 months, 2 - 24 months, 2-5years, 5-9 years and 9–12years. All the birds

were reared in semi intensive system under deep litter sheds. They were fed concentrate

@ 100 g/bird/day which was fed in the morning and evening. The birds were allowed

grazing in paddocks having ponds for 6 hours daily (0900 to 1200 and 1400 to 1900h). The

data from the birds were collected on three consecutive days. Blood samples were collected

from the wing vein of the birds before feeding. Each bird was manually restrained. After

preparing blood smear, plasma was separated and stored at -10oC. Total erythrocyte count

(TEC),, total leukocyte count (TLC), packed cell volume (PCV), heamoglobin concentration

were measured. Erythrocyte indices viz. mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean

corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentrations

(MCHC) were calculated. The mean PCV was significantly (p<0.05) higher in females

compared to males at 1 to 2 months and 2 to 5 years. However there was no significant

difference in the PCV of males and females of the age groups 2 months to 2 years, 5 to 9

years and 9 to 12 years. The mean hemoglobin concentration was significantly (p<0.05)

higher in females compared to males at 1 to 2 months, and 2 to 5 years and no significant

difference was observed at 2 months to 2 years, 5 to 9 years and 9 to 12 years. The mean

TEC was significantly (p<0.05) increased in females compared to males at 1 to 2 months

and at 2 to 5 years age but there was no significant difference in the 2 months to 2 years, 5 to

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9 years and 9 to 12 years age groups. The erythrocyte indices did not show any significant

difference between the males and females in any of age group of birds. The mean values of

TLC was significantly (p<0.05) higher in females compared to males at 1 to 2 months, 2

months to 2 years, 2 to 5 years, 5 to 9 years and 9 to 12 years. No significant differences

were observed in the differential leukocyte counts between sexes in the any of the age

groups.

PFWP 17 Incubation temperature affects expression of nutrient transporter genes in

Japanese Quail

Rashid Azhar, Tyagi J.S., Sharma Sanjeev Kumar, Sirajudeen M., Jag Mohan, Singh

R.P., Narayan Raj, Mehra Manish and Goel Akshat

Division of Physiology and Reproduction, Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Elevated incubation temperature (higher than 37.5°C) would impair absorption of nutrients

from the yolk sac and thus may affect the performance of chicks. Nutrients are transported

into enterocytes by transporters located in the brush border membrane. Glucose, fructose,

amino acid and free glutamate and aspartate are transported by the sodium-dependent

glucose transporter (SGLT1), the facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT5), the peptide

transporter (PepT1) and the excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT3), respectively. The

information pertaining to elevated incubation temperature and its effects on nutrient

transporter gene expression in Japanese quail are lacking. Thus an attempt was made in this

study to understand the effect of elevated incubation temperatures on the expression of

nutrient transporter genes on day of hatch, 3rd

, 7th and 10

th day of hatch in Japanese quail. A

total of 96 hatching eggs (48 from each variety i.e. CARI UTTAM-high body weight and

CARI PEARL-low body weight) were obtained from experimental quail farm, Central

Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, India and were randomly divided into three treatment

groups . Each treatment having 32 eggs (16 from each variety). The first treatment group

served as control where in the eggs were incubated at 37.5°C, throughout the entire

incubation period (17 days). In 2nd

and 3rd

treatment group, the eggs were incubated at

37.5°C for initial 10 days and thereafter at 38.5°C and 39.5°C, respectively. Eight chicks (4

chicks from each variety) from each treatment group were randomly selected and sacrificed

on day of hatch(DOH), 3rd

, 7th and 10

th day of age. Jejunal samples were collected

aseptically to study the gene expression of nutrient transporters (SGLT1, GLUT5, PepT1

and EAAT3). Results indicated a significant (P≤0.05) up regulation in the relative fold

expression of all studied nutrient transporter genes (SGLT1, GLUT5, PepT1 and EAAT3) at

elevated incubation temperatures. Except in Pearl on DOH at incubation temperature 38.5oC

and on 3rd

day at incubation temperature 39.5oC, expression of SGLT1 gene was

significantly up regulated on all the studied days. Expression of GLUT5 gene was up

regulated on all days except in Uttam on DOH at incubation temperature 38.5oC. PepT1

gene expression was up regulated on 3rd

day except in Pearl at incubation temperature

39.5oC. Over expression of EAAT3 gene was significant on 3

rd and 10

th day in both the

varieties at elevated incubation temperatures. In general over expression of nutrient

transporter genes were higher in Uttam variety. From this study it may be concluded that

elevated incubation temperature caused upregulation in the expression of nutrient transporter

genes and may affect the growth of chicks.

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TVPP 01 Veterinary Physiology: A strong pillar in veterinary education

Jain Archana and Shakkar Jyotsana

Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science &A.H., Mhow (MP)

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Physiology, a branch of biology, (Old Greek: physis, 'nature' and logos 'doctrine') is the

study of the physical and biochemical processes in the cells, tissues, and organs. In

physiology classes, students of veterinary medicine learn about the interaction of life

processes and metabolic processes in the entire organism. Physiology also includes the

learning of the chemical processes occurring within an animal's body on production in

terms of lactation, egg and meat production, reproduction, growth, increasing body and

muscle mass, stimulation of production of hormones, their effect on functioning of

various processes in various parts of the body. For the future veterinarian, it is also

important to gain an understanding of the differences in life processes of different

domestic animals.

In the Bachelor's course of study, general physiology is taught during the first two

academic years. During 1st year the course includes Blood, immune organs,

Musculoskeletal system, Digestion, metabolism, Heart, circulation, respiration, Urinary

tract, salt and water balance, Skin, thermoregulation, Nerve system and sensory organs

and during 2nd

year the course content includes Reproduction, mammary gland and

lactation, endocrinology, growth and environmental physiology. In the Master's and

Ph.D. courses, mainly specialized areas of physiology with biomedical research oriented

topics are included. Veterinary physiology studies can serve as a jumping off point to

additional studies in the veterinary sciences or various careers other than veterinary

medicine. In this context for the improvement in teaching students‟ feedback about

teaching-learning process is proved to be a valuable tool for the teacher to excel in

improvement of teaching and also to students for better understanding of the subject. For

this we undertook the following objectives:

1. To assess the effectiveness and quality of teaching.

2. To include changes wherever possible for the improvement in effectiveness of

teaching and to make it easier to understand by the students.

For the evaluation of teaching methodology, a questionnaire was prepared for the students to

obtain their feedback about teaching of Veterinary Physiology. The questionnaire containd

questions about teaching methodologies like computer assisted teaching like power point

presentation, black board teaching alone or a mixture of the two and their evaluation.

Majority of students shown their interest in greater use of power point along with

blackboard. Also expressed their interest in computer-assisted teaching, seminars,

presentations etc. This concludes that the physiology forms a strong base for graduate

studies in veterinary medicine, human medicine or advanced degrees in areas of physiology,

zoology or pharmacology and related subjects. Contribution can also be made in the progress

in agricultural and veterinary science by studying animal physiology as it‟s a foundation for

a veterinary graduate to know normal working of each and every organ and system of the

body to understand the diseased and abnormal status of the body systems. Individuals with

graduate studies in veterinary physiology may complete research for the advancement of

animal medicine, among other applications. Graduate programs and courses prepare

graduates to become researchers in academia, government or industry labs and university

professors, along with working in public policy or consulting for a pharmaceutical company,

meat processor or an association of artificial breeding.

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TVPP 02 Teaching Veterinary Physiology: Practical Aspect

Pareek Sunita

Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary & Animal Science, Navania

Vallabhnagar, Udaipur

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The reason for frequent changes in course content is to make it compatible with the

current issues and approaches.Restriction on animal experimentation resulted in poor

laboratory performance of students and less interest in learning process. The reason

behind this is that till date we are not in a position to develop alternate learning system

according to our course curriculum using the advance technology which must include

animal friendly learning methods in place of traditional animal consumptive ones. The

animal based learning exercise should be replaced with computer module, models,

mannequins etc. In education, a true gold standard exists; how well the students learn

using different methods and the study conducted regarding this gave admirable results of

performance and procedural skill. So we can adopt these methods without any

hesitation. The most advanced mannequins have artificial skin, bones and organs,

sometimes including beating hearts and artificial fluids simulating blood and bile. These

facilitate blood sampling, intubation, catheterization etc. Within physiology the use of

the computer programs allows us to save many animals from being killed. They let us

simulate and visualize those physiological process which cannot be reproduced in usual

laboratory conditions during education, such as change of membrane potential, they

allow each student to work independently at their optimum rate, to review any stage, and

to repeat critical parts of the experiments which would be impossible to do with animals.

The teacher can supervise and estimate the success the adoption of the subject matter

from printouts of the experimental results, student‟s analysis and conclusions.

CONSTRAINTS Lack of appropriate teaching program created a huge gap in learning

process of students. The introduction of the appropriate program is possible only when it

corresponds to the subject matter in course. We currently have a lack of material in most

of areas and so cannot use our computer class to the full. The other difficulty is that it

requires significant preparatory work and preliminary training of teaching and technical

staff of the department.

SUGGESTIONS Throughout the India the VCI recommended course curriculum is

followed hence the practical content are also same. The related material of these

contents can be collected and compiled at national level by the society from the different

veterinary colleges and institutes to design the practical. The material can also be

generated by using the services of software experts. The guidelines regarding the use of

modules, animations and program should be explained by organizing various workshops

at different places by expertise persons. These hands on training program will be helpful

in implementation of alternate methods and simultaneously a smart, better learning

system in educational institutes.

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YSA 01 Evaluation of stem cell therapy on ovaries of anestrus buffaloes

Mundekar A. S., Ingole S. D., Bhartiya D. V., Patel H. R., Gulavne S. U., Nagvekar A.

S., Bharucha S. V., Bakshi S. A and Pawshe C. H.

Department of Veterinary Physiology, Bombay Veterinary College, Parel, Mumbai

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The present study was aimed to use stem cell therapy for the first time in ovaries of anestrus

buffaloes and to observe the changes occurring following transplantation. In the first part of

the experiment 2 anestrus animals were selected based on per rectal examination and blood

profile along with two normal animals. The ovaries were smooth without follicles and the

progesterone and FSH values were below 0.5 ng/ml and 0.1 mIU/ml. On slaughter their

ovaries were collected and it was observed that the size and weight of the ovaries of

anestrus buffaloes were smaller as compared to the normal buffaloes. On histolopathology,

the anestrus buffaloes showed presence of primordial and primary follicles whereas in

normal buffaloes all the types of follicles were present. In the second part of the experiment

three anestrus buffaloes were selected for stem cell transplantation based on their history

(not showing estrus for more than 6 months), per rectal examination (small and smooth

ovaries without any follicles on surface ) and ultrasonography (either small or no follicles).

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) were isolated from the femur of female

buffalo obtained from slaughter house. They were characterized using markers for MSC

(CD 44 and CD 90) by immunofluorescence technique. These BM-MSC were injected into

the ovaries at multiple sites of anestrus buffaloes using ultrasonography guided transvaginal

technique. The injection was done in a reverse way in which intra-ovarian ovum pick up

(OPU) is carried out. The animals were observed for a period of 60 days during which

blood was collected at weekly intervals and ultrasonography was done after 60 days. It was

observed that there was increase in the size of ovaries along with the presence of new

follicles (secondary) but the hormonal profile post BM-MSC transplantation differed from

animal to animal. In one of the buffalo, FSH increased from basal levels to 0.61 ng/ml. In

the other, estradiol levels increased from basal levels to 16.69 pg/ml whereas the third was

diagnosed with endometritis but it showed presence of two secondary follicles which were

not seen at the time of MSC transplantation. Considering the increase in size, presence of

new follicles and slight increase in the hormonal levels, it can be concluded that though the

animals did not show estrus, but showed positive response to introduction of MSC

transplantation.

YSA 02 Electrophysiological evaluation of parentral anaesthesia in goats

Yadav Mrigakshi, Rastogi S.K., Huozha R. and Kumar Sudhir

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, GBPUAT,

Pantnagar

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ketamine (xylazine @ 0.05mg/kg body weight, intravenously followed by ketamine @

4mg/kg body weight, intravenously) on electroencephalography was assessed in 12

clinically healthy (LocalXBarbari) adult female goats (6 animals in each group), aged 2-4

years, weighing 23.66 ± 2.22 kg. Quantitative electroencephalographic evaluation through

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spectral analysis revealed increased total power, PPF, RP-δ and RP-θ while decreased MF,

SEF-90, RP-α and RP-β during propofol and xylazine-ketamine anaesthesia. Most EEG

changes due to anaesthetics were best depicted in occipital, vertex and parietal channels and

least in frontal channel. Xylazine-ketamine exerted more effective anaesthetic effects on

total power, SEF-90, MF, RP-δ and RP-β while propofol on PPF at vertex and left parietal,

RP-θ at left parietal and RP-α at right parietal regions of the brain. EEG could be effectively

utilized to evaluate efficacy of parentral anaesthesia and xylazine-ketamine would be a

better choice over propofol.

YSA 03 Effect of different dietary energy levels on physiobiochemical changes and

expression profile of leptin in Goat (Capra hircus)

Hyder I., Ramesh K., Sharma S., Uniyal S., Yadav V. P., Maurya V. P., Singh G. and

Sarkar M.

Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar

Pradesh

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The study was conducted to assess the effect of different energy levels of restriction on

physiological and genetic level adaptability. Eighteen adult non-pregnant does (average BW

33.56 kg) were used in the present study. The ewes were divided into three groups, viz., GI

(n=6; control), GII (n=6; 30% feed intake of control), GIII (n=6; 40% feed intake of

control). The study was conducted for 40 days covering a period of two estrous cycles.

Blood samples were collected every ten days interval. The parameters studied were

allometric parameters (viz., body weight, and body condition scoring and physiological

responses (viz., respiration rate, pulse rate, and rectal temperature) biochemical parameters

(glucose, albumin, creatinine, cholesterol), hormones (T3, T4, cortisol, leptin) and mRNA

expression profile of leptin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The nutritional

stress significantly (P<0.05) affected most of the parameters. There was a significant

(P<0.05) reduction in Body weight and Body condition score. The physiological responses

were significantly (P<0.05) affected. Among the biochemical parameters mean serum

glucose first increased significantly (P<0.05) and then stabilized in GII whereas as there

was no change in serum glucose levels in GIII. Serum albumin significantly (P<0.05)

affected in late stages of study. There was no significant (P<0.05) changes in serum

creatinine. Among hormonal parameters there was significant decrease in T3 in both the

groups; T4 increased significantly in GII on 10th day and then stabilized whereas no

changes was observed in GIII. Cortisol levels increased significantly (P<0.05) in both GII

and GIII. There was a significant (P<0.05) reduction in serum leptin levels in GII but in

GIII significant reduction was observed only 10th and 30

th day of study. The mRNA

expression was significantly (P<0.05) upregulated in GII on 30th day followed by a

significant downregulation whereas in GIII significant (P<0.05) downregulation was only

seen on 30th and 40

th days. It can be concluded from our study that animals can maintain

near physiological homeostasis even at 40% energy intake levels. The animals have innate

physiological ability to survive periods of nutritional stress by adjusting leptin levels which

are required for maintaining the physiological normalcy.

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YSA 04 Wound healing potential of canine bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem

cell conditioned media in diabetic rats

Matin Ansari Mohd, Sreekumar T.R., Chandra Vikash, Dubey Pawan K., Kumar G. Sai,

Amarpal and Sharma G. Taru

Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research

Institute, Izatnagar

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Aim of the present study was to explore the xenoxenic therapeutic potential of

mesenchymal stem cells conditioned media in diabetic wound healing. Canine bone marrow

derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated and cultured as per our laboratory

protocol. The cells were characterized as per ISCT criteria. Conditioned media (CM) was

collected form 3rd

passage BMSCs at 120 hours culture using knockout DMEM and serum

replacement media as culture medium. Streptozotocin (@ 60 mg/kg b.wt., I/P) was used for

the production of diabetic rat models. Six groups were made for the wound healing therapy,

out of which group I, II and III were non-diabetic (normal rats) while group IV, V and VI

were diabetic (diabetic rat model). Each group has six animals and one wound (2 X 2 cm2)

was created on the dorsal side of each animal. For assessing therapeutic potential, Stem

cells and it‟s conditioned media (subcutaneously) were injected at the periphery of wounds

and wound healing was assessed by wound contraction rate, pictorial evaluation at different

time interval (0, 3rd

, 7th, 14

th, 21

st and 28

th day) and histomorphological examination on day

28th

of surgery. It can be concluded that mesenchymal stem cells conditioned media can be

exploited xenoxenically very well for diabetic wound healing.

YSA 05 Plasmid vector based generation of transgenic mesenchymal stem cells with

stable expression of reporter gene in caprine

Kumar Manish, Singh Renu, Agarwal Pranjali, Kumar Kuldeep, Mahapatra P. S., Das

B. C. and Bag Sadhan

Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian veterinary Research Institute,

Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP

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The production of cells capable of expressing gene(s) of interest is important for a variety

of applications in biomedicine and biotechnology, including gene therapy and a novel

method of stem cells therapy in the various diseases. Achieving high levels of transgene

expression for the longer period of time, without adversely affecting cell viability and

differentiation capacity of the cells, is crucial. In the present study, we investigated the

efficiency of plasmid vector for the production of transgenic cMSCs and examined any

functional change of cells after transfection. To do so first we have collected bone marrows

from the adult goats and cultured them for isolation of mesenchymal stem cells (cBM-

MSCs). These cells were characterized using MSC specific markers including

differentiation into osteocytes and adipocytes. Transfection with plasmid vector did not

adversely affect cBM-MSCs morphology, viability or differentiation potential, and

transgene expression levels were unaffected beyond passage 12th. The results indicated that

we have been able to generate transgenic caprine MSC (tcBM-MSC) and transfection of

cBM-MSCs using plasmid vector resulted in very high and stable transfection efficiency.

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This finding may have considerable significance in improving the efficacy of MSC-based

therapies and their tracking in animal model.

YSA 06 Supplementation of chromium propionate for alleviation of stress in Sahiwal

calves during summer and winter season

Kumar Suresh and Singh S.V.


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In order to find out the effect of chromium propionate supplementation on physiological

responses, immunity status, cortisol hormone and gene expression related to stress and

growth. Twelve Sahiwal calves were selected from the NDRI herd based on their age

and body weight. These animals were further divided equally (6 each) into two

group i.e. control (without chromium propionate) and treatment group (chromium

propionate supplementation).The treatment group of animals were fed chromium

propionate @ 0.5mg/kg dry matter intake /day for a period of 45 days during winter

and summer seasons. The physiological responses and blood samples were collected

at fortnightly interval. The physiological responses were found to be lower in treatment

group compared to control group of Sahiwal calves. The cortisol levels remained lower in

treatment group compared to control group during both the seasons. The immunological

parameters (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF) were found to be higher in treatment group

compared to control group, but the values were not statistically significant. Body weight

and DMI were found to be higher in treatment group compared to control group. The

expression of genes related to growth (EGR1) and immunity (NFIL3) were up regulated

and genes related to stress (ENO3 and ADA) were down regulated in treatment group

compared to control group under extreme environmental conditions. Results of the study

indicate the beneficial effect of chromium propionate supplementation for amelioration of

stress, improving the immunity and growth performance of Sahiwal calves.

YSA 07 Seasonal variation in expression pattern of genes under HSP70 family in heat

and cold adapted goats (Capra hircus)

Banerjee Dipak, Upadhyay Ramesh C., Chaudhary Umesh B., Kumar Ravindra, Singh

Sohanvir, Ashutosh, Gali Jagan M., Polley Shamik, Mukherjee Ayan, Das Tapan K. and

De Sachinandan

Stress and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Animal Physiology Division, National Dairy Research

Institute, Karnal

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Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is one of the most abundant and best characterized heat

shock protein family consists of highly conserved stress proteins, expressed in response to

stress and play crucial roles in environmental stress tolerance and adaptation. Present study

was conducted to identify major types of genes under HSP70 family and to quantify their

expression pattern in heat and cold adapted Indian goats (Capra hircus) with respect to

different seasons. Five HSP70 gene homologues to HSPA8, HSPA6, HSPA1A, HSPA1L

and HSPA2 were identified by gene specific primers. The cDNA sequences showed high

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similarity to other mammals and proteins have an estimated molecular weight of around 70

kDa. The expression of HSP70 genes were observed during summer and winter. During

summer the higher expression of HSPA8, HSPA6 and HSPA1A was observed, whereas the

expression levels of HSPA1L and HSPA2 were found to be lower. It was also observed that

the expression of HSPA1A and HSPA8 was higher during winter in both heat and cold

adapted goats but down regulation in case of other HSPs. Therefore, both heat and cold

stress induced the over expression of HSP70 genes. An interesting finding emerged from

the study is the higher expression of HSP70 genes in cold adapted goats during summer and

in heat adapted goats during winter. Altogether the results indicate that the expression

pattern of HSP70 genes is species and breed specific, most likely due to variations in

thermal tolerance and adaptation to different climatic conditions

YSA 08 Difference in the relative expression of skin color genes in indigenous and

crossbred cattle during summer and winter season

Maibam Uttarani, Singh S.V., Upadhyay R.C., Singh A.K, Kumar Suresh and Beenam

Dairy Cattle Physiology Division, NDRI, Karnal

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The present study was undertaken to elucidate the role of skin color in adaptability of

indigenous animals. Ten animals each of Tharparkar and Karan Fries (KF) heifers with

different hair coat and skin color were selected to study the expression of skin color related

genes (MC1R and PMEL) and activity of tyrosinase enzyme during summer (Tmax, 36.4ºC)

and winter season (Tmin, 4.1 ºC). Relative MC1R and PMEL mRNA expression in

lymphocytes of Tharparkar and KF heifers was found to be significantly (P<0.01) higher

during winter than summer season. However, magnitude of gene expression was

significantly (P < 0.01) higher in Tharparkar than KF heifers. Similarly, tyrosinase activity

and levels of metabolic related thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) were significantly (P < 0.01)

higher during winter than summer season in both the breeds. In contrast, plasma cortisol

level of both the breeds was significantly (P < 0.01) higher during summer than winter

season, but cortisol level of KF during summer season was significantly (P < 0.05) higher

than Tharparkar. Thus, expression of the genes (MC1R and PMEL) showed positive

correlation (P < 0.01) with metabolic hormones, whereas negative cerrelation (P < 0.01)

with heat stress, being negatively correlated with plasma cortisol (stress indicator) level.

Significant difference in the expression level of these skin color genes and tyrosinase

activity (rate limiting enzyme of pigmentation) in different breeds with different coat

characteristics during the two different seasons indicates the importance of skin color for

adaptability of Tharparkar animals to tropical climatic conditions compared to Karan Fries.

Documents

Schedule of - · PDF fileU.P. Pt Deen dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidylaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura-281001. CORE COMMITTEE Chief Patron Professor A.C. Varshney