SCENARIO-BASED GENERATION OF DIGITAL LIBRARY SERVICES

Rohit Kelapure, Marcos André Gonçalves, Edward A. FoxVirginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA

Acknowledgements NSF Grants

CITIDEL: DUE-0121679 DL-in-a-box: DUE-0136690 ETANA: ITR-0325579 GetSmart: DUE-0121741 OAD: IIS-0086227

Others AOL Capes (Brazilian funding agency) Mellon: AmericanSouth.org

Outline

Problem Approach 5S, 5SL 5SLGen Case Studies Conclusion and Future Work

Problems Lack of general models for Digital Libraries (DLs)

Little focus on simplifying the process of modeling and building DL services

Divergent DL architectures Monolithic: Tightly integrated and generally inflexible Componentized: A network of interoperable components

aggregated without a design methodology

Problems (contd.)

Lack of DL-specific modeling languages, software toolkits, prototyping and CASE tools

Lack of a scenario-based requirements analysis and design approach to DLs

Implication: Problems with Interoperability Customizability

Approach Based on the formal 5S theory

Streams, Structures, Spaces, Scenarios and Societies

Use of Domain-specific declarative languages (5SL) Scenario-based requirements analysis and design Componentized architectures

Automatic transformations/mappings from models to code

Special attention paid to issues of flexibility, reusability, and extensibility

Approach: 5SLGen

5SLGen is a new generic digital library generator. It has been developed, implemented, and

deployed in several applications.

5SLGen yields implementations of digital library services from models of DL “societies” and “scenarios”

(and from the other “Ss”).

5S Model/ 5SLModel Objective Primitives in 5SL

Streams Describes properties of the DL content

text, audio, video, pictures, …

Structures Specifies organizational aspects of the DL content

digital object, metadata schema, collection, classification schemes, …

Spaces Defines logical properties and presentational views of a DL

vector, probabilistic, metric, …

Scenarios Details the behavior of DL services service, event, message, action, sender, receiver, …

Societies Defines managers, (responsible for running DL services); actors (those who use services) and their relationships

Service Managers, actors (e.g., learners, teachers, naïve users)

5SLGen: Model

Workflow

has

CompositeService

composed of

Service

CollectingService

composed of

binding

ElementaryService

LinkingService

IndexingService

RatingService

…

Scenarioscomposed of

generates

Manager

UserInterface

(component)

ActorsdisplaysSpaces

Societies

SocietiesStreams/Structures

communicates

Scenarios

participates

5SLSocieties Model

Service Manager characteristics: Name, attributes, operations, type, visibility

Service Manager relationships: Associations, generalizations (extends), dependencies

5SLScenarios Model

Overview Architecture for DL Modeling and Generation

5S Meta

Model5SGraph

DL Expert

DL Designer

5SL DL

Models

5SLGen

Practitioner

Researcher

TailoredDL

Services

Teacher

component pool

ODLSearch,ODLBrowse,ODLRate,ODLReview,

…….

5SLGen:Architecture5SLScenarios

Model

DLDesigner

5SLGen

5SLSocieties Model

Societiesconverter

Scenariosconverter

JavaClassesModel

XMI Serialized

5SLSocieties model

JavaController

Class

SynthesizedStatechart

import

import

ComponentPool

ODLBrowse

Java

Wrapping

ODLSearch

Java

WrappingJSPUser

InterfaceView

WebDesigner

DLServices Implementation

5SFramework

Societies-converter: Workflow

JDOMTransform

XMI:ClassModel

Xmi2Java

JavaClassesModel

JavaMapper

XMISerializer

Societies- converter

5SLSocietiesModel

DLDesigner

JDOMTransform

XMI:ClassModel

Xmi2Java

JavaClassesModel

JavaMapper

XMISerializer

XMISerializer

Societies- converter

5SLSocietiesModel

5SLSocietiesModel

DLDesigner

JavaRepresen-

tation.

5SLGen:Architecture

Scenarios-Converter: Workflow

Scenarios-converter

JDOMTransform

5SLScenarios Model

ScenarioSynthesizer

JavaController

Class

Synthesized

Statechart State Machine

Compiler

DLDesigner

State-design pattern

Relevance Feedback Search Service UML Sequence Diagram

Event seq.no. =

3

5SLScenarios instance

Scenarios-converter: Scenario-Synthesis

Scenarios-converter: Scenario-Synthesis (contd.)

Synthesized-Statechart

Component statecharts

Generated DLs

Union Catalog Simple DL with maximum reuse 2 components used: Search and Browse

CITIDEL, including VIADUCT Aggregates all the 5SLSocieties and

5SLScenarios models for its elementary services

Generated DL Services

CITIDEL: Relevance Feedback Search Service Demonstrate extensibility with the ODL Search component

CITIDEL: Profile Based Filtering Service Demonstrate reusability with the ODL Browse component

CITIDEL: Multi-Classification Browsing Service Generate complex services without any component reuse

CITIDEL: Binding Service Complete the set of CITIDEL services

Profile Based Filtering (PBF) Service 5SFramework

Model

Controller

View

ODL-Browse componenent

Conclusion

Introduced a scenario-based approach to the generation of componentized DLs

Applied the 5SFramework for generation of DLs

Partially validated the theory of 5S

Demonstrated that complex DLs can be built on the basis of a formal theory

Adherence to open standards (OAI-PMH, ODL, XMI, UML) and established design patterns (MVC, GOF’s State) ensures relevance and extensibility of our work.

Future Work

Integration of 5SLGen with 5SGraph

Improvements to 5SFramework architecture Scalability of the generated DLs and DL services Automated construction of user-interfaces with statecharts Support for transaction scoping and error handling Web services support Incorporating the uPortal framework

Model Validation

Personalization of the 5S approach using PIPE