SBD:Activity Design

Chris North

cs3724: HCI

Problem scenarios

summativeevaluation

Information scenarios

claims about current practice

analysis ofstakeholders,field studies

Usability specifications

Activityscenarios

Interaction scenarios

iterativeanalysis ofusability claims andre-design

metaphors,informationtechnology,HCI theory,guidelines

formativeevaluation

DESIGN

ANALYZE

PROTOTYPE & EVALUATE

Quiz

• What are the 5 steps of Requirement Analysis?

Summaries: stakeholder, task, and artifact analyses, general themes

Root concept: vision, rationale,assumptions, stakeholders

Problem scenarios:illustrate and put into context the tasks and themes discovered in

the field studies

Claims analysis:find and incorporate features of practice

that have key implications for use

Field studies: workplace observations,recordings, interviews, artifacts

SBD andRequirementsAnalysis

product data

browsing

searching

ordering

payment

customer data

USER

ACTIVITIES

= system functionality

USERINTERFACE

iconslinks

menus

layout

navigationlabels

fields

security

feedback

The Two Faces of HCI Design

SBD

1. Requirements analysis

2. Design:– Activity design– Information design– Interaction design

Problem scenarios: work from current practice to build new ideas

Activity design scenarios:transform current activities to

use new design ideas

Activity Design

• Transform old activities to new activities that use technology

• Focus on system “what” not “how”

• “conceptual design”, “task-level design”

• Focus on improvements• Iterative

Goal: work from problems and opportunities of problem domain to envision new activities

Envisioning New Activities

• Effectiveness: meets needs• Technology for technology’s sake?

• Generality vs. specific tasks

• Comprehension: understandable, predictable• Mental models

• metaphors

• Satisfaction: accomplishment, motivating• Automation?

• Social issues

Designer’s Model User’s Mental Model

Cashier

Systematic, logical,comprehensive

Ad hoc, informal, incomplete

The Web

Cart

Problem scenarios: work from current practice to build new

Activity design scenarios:transform current activities to

use new design ideas

Claims analysis: identify, illustrate, and document design features with key implications

Activity design space:

brainstorm implications of metaphors and

technology

Problem claims: look for design

ideas that address negatives, but keep positives

HCI knowledge

about activity design

SBD andActivityDesign

+/-

+/-

Activity Design Process

1. Design Space• Brainstorm, creativity

• Metaphors, technology

2. Rework scenarios with new design ideas• Particapatory design

• Coherence, completeness

3. Track claims• +/-, rationale

Grocery Shopping?

• Soccer mom:• Screaming kids• Browsing strategy• search strategy• weekly repeats

• Shopping cart:• + 1 slot for 1 kid• + Pile stuff, big stuff underneath• - >1 kid?• - push

• Shelves• + physical things• + see lots of stuff• - lots of walking

metaphors

• Pizza delivery• + stay home

• - no browsing

• Cookbook• + meal oriented

• - customization?

• Vending machine• Menu for search stuff

• + Automating retrieval

• - literacy?

new scenario

• Online grocery?

• Soccer mom:• Puts screaming kids outside

• Repeating purchases, template

• Search items quickly

• Linked recommendations: beer + diapers

• Browsing?