SAS Strategic Performance Management: Creating and Administering Scorecard Projects

SAS® Strategic Performance Management:

Creating and Administering Scorecard

Projects

Course Notes

ii For Your Information

SAS® Strategic Performance Management: Creating and Administering Scorecard Projects Course Notes was developed by Deborah Blank, Amy Gumm, Robert Ligtenberg, and Gina Rayman. Editing and production support was provided by the Curriculum Development and Support Department.

SAS and all other SAS Institute Inc. product or service names are registered trademarks or trademarks of SAS Institute Inc. in the USA and other countries. ® indicates USA registration. Other brand and product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

SAS® Strategic Performance Management: Creating and Administering Scorecard Projects Course Notes

Copyright © 2007 by SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC 27513, USA. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, SAS Institute Inc.

Book code E702168, course code SPMMIT, prepared date 22Feb07. SPMMIT_003

ISBN 978-1-59994-249-0

For Your Information iii

Table of Contents

Course Description ...................................................................................................................... vi

Prerequisites ...............................................................................................................................vii

Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management....... 1-1

1.1 Using a Performance Management Solution ...................................................................1-3

1.2 About This Course .........................................................................................................1-14

1.3 SAS Strategic Performance Management: Key Views...................................................1-19

1.4 Touring the SAS Strategic Performance Management Interface ...................................1-25

Chapter 2 The SAS Information Delivery Portal .................................................. 2-1

2.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................2-3

2.2 Using the SAS Information Delivery Portal ....................................................................2-7

Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards 3-1

3.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................3-3

3.2 Planning a Project ............................................................................................................3-4

3.3 Creating a Template .........................................................................................................3-8

3.4 Creating and Associating Element Types.......................................................................3-13

3.5 Defining Metric Attributes and Enabling Additional Languages...................................3-23

3.6 Creating a Project...........................................................................................................3-28

3.7 Creating a Scorecard ......................................................................................................3-38

Chapter 4 Adding Data to the Scorecard ............................................................. 4-1

4.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................4-3

4.2 Adding Data to Element Tables .......................................................................................4-5

iv For Your Information

4.3 Creating a Child Scorecard ............................................................................................4-24

4.4 Entering Metric Values ..................................................................................................4-28

4.5 Creating Input Forms .....................................................................................................4-38

4.6 Using Input Forms to Enter Data ...................................................................................4-45

4.7 Creating and Applying Thresholds and Alerts ...............................................................4-58

4.8 Creating and Using Formulas ........................................................................................4-67

4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study) ..........................................................4-79

Chapter 5 Creating and Applying Ranges and Column Selections................... 5-1

5.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................5-3

5.2 Creating a Range..............................................................................................................5-5

5.3 Creating and Using a Column Selection ........................................................................5-14

Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards.......................... 6-1

6.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................6-3

6.2 Displaying Element Associations ....................................................................................6-5

6.3 Displaying Dashboards ..................................................................................................6-19

Chapter 7 Creating Diagrams................................................................................ 7-1

7.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................7-3

7.2 Creating a Diagram..........................................................................................................7-7

7.3 Editing a Diagram..........................................................................................................7-12

Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views 8-1

8.1 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy ...............................................................8-3

8.2 Alternative Methods for Populating a Scorecard...........................................................8-21

For Your Information v

8.3 Displaying Aggregate Tables .........................................................................................8-30

Chapter 9 Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences9-1

9.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................9-3

9.2 Creating Comments .........................................................................................................9-6

9.3 Creating Preferences ......................................................................................................9-12

Chapter 10 Accessing a Scorecard through Microsoft Office ........................... 10-1

10.1 The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office ...........................................................................10-3

Chapter 11 Applying Security ............................................................................... 11-1

11.1 SAS Strategic Performance Management Security Overview.......................................11-3

11.2 Setting SAS Strategic Performance Management Permissions ...................................11-12

11.3 Using SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles (Self-Study)...........................11-35

Appendix A SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles .............................. A-1

Appendix B Index ..................................................................................................... B-1

vi For Your Information

Course Description

This course focuses on how to do the following: • surface information clearly, accurately, and quickly • expose relationships between activities and their impacts on shareholder value • understand which activities drive others and what impact these activities have on organization

performance • identify potential problems by understanding their root causes

The course begins with key concepts and a detailed tour of the interface. You plan and create a scorecard project; create and populate parent and child scorecards; create and apply thresholds, ranges, and column selections; create element hierarchies and display dashboards; and create diagrams. You manage a scorecard hierarchy; create aggregate views; and create comments and preferences. Finally, you access a scorecard through Microsoft Office and apply security measures.

To learn more…

A full curriculum of general and statistical instructor-based training is available at any of the Institute’s training facilities. Institute instructors can also provide on-site training.

For information on other courses in the curriculum, contact the SAS Education Division at 1-800-333-7660, or send e-mail to [email protected]. You can also find this information on the Web at support.sas.com/training/ as well as in the Training Course Catalog.

For a list of other SAS books that relate to the topics covered in this Course Notes, USA customers can contact our SAS Publishing Department at 1-800-727-3228 or send e-mail to [email protected]. Customers outside the USA, please contact your local SAS office.

Also, see the Publications Catalog on the Web at support.sas.com/pubs for a complete list of books and a convenient order form.

For Your Information vii

Prerequisites

This course requires no prior SAS experience or training. Before attending this course, you should have experience building, implementing, and using at least one kind of performance management framework, for example, a balanced scorecard.

viii For Your Information

Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management

1.1 Using a Performance Management Solution ...............................................................1-3

1.2 About This Course .......................................................................................................1-14

1.3 SAS Strategic Performance Management: Key Views ..............................................1-19

1.4 Touring the SAS Strategic Performance Management Interface .............................1-25

1-2 Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management

1.1 Using a Performance Management Solution 1-3

1.1 Using a Performance Management Solution

3

ObjectivesDescribe the challenges that face twenty-first century businesses.Explain the concept and origin of a performance management framework.Describe the benefits of a performance management framework.Describe the benefits of using SAS Strategic Performance Management.


Challenges for Today’s Business and Government Organizations

4

What Are Today’s Challenges?“Over the last ten years, companies have not just been investing in tangible assets such as property and equipment. They have also been investing in the skills of their people and in information. These are the keys to success in today’s competitive environment.”

Dr. Robert S. Kaplan, coauthor of The Balanced Scorecard—Translating Strategy into Action

5

What Are Today’s Challenges?Continue to use financial reporting information while acting on the need to report nonfinancial values in today’s organizations.Find the best way to balance financial and nonfinancial views of performance.Find the best way to measure, collect, and communicate both financial and nonfinancial performance information.Find the best way to align an organization, from top to bottom, to focus all efforts on strategy.


6

What Are Today’s Challenges?A major challenge is the enormous amount of data that organizations need to access, manage, and analyze. “Organizations are drowning in data and will succeed to the extent that they are able to harness it to make better, more informed decisions.”Business Intelligence Portal, Netezza

7

The Evolution of Performance Management

Double-EntryBookkeeping

ManagementAccounting

OperationalImprovement

CompetitiveAdvantage

ComparativeBenchmarking

CustomerSatisfaction

ShareholderValue

Business ProcessReengineering

Competencies/Capabilities

FifteenthCentury

NineteenthCentury

LateTwentiethCentury

Financial Strategic

Six Sigma

Operational

Collecting, measuring, and reporting financial data has a history starting in the fifteenth century. However, a methodology for combining financial and non-financial measures did not fully evolve until the late twentieth century.


8

What Is aPerformance Management Framework?A performance management framework is a strategic management system that is supported by measures of performance. Such measures can do the following:

optimize strategy and manage organizational activitiestest strategiesevaluate results and accomplishmentscorrect strategy to reflect learning

Over 140 different measurement and management frameworks and systems, as well as performance reform initiatives, were developed over the past four decades.

9

Why Use aPerformance Management Framework?Without a performance management framework, an organization

cannot prioritize its time and cannot focus on what is important. might be able to function efficiently at the department or unit level, but lacks cohesiveness across the enterprise. Thus, the enterprise is out of alignment. lacks the agility to adapt to rapidly changing markets, opportunities, and threats.


10

Why Use aPerformance Management Framework?

Reverse losing competitive position.Keep pace with new technological advances.Respond to changing labor markets.Adjust to employee shifts/downsizing.Comply with government management reforms.

Situations that drive the need for organizational change and refocus are often referred to as burning platforms.

11

Performance Management FrameworksMany Methodologies. . .

Balanced ScorecardBaldrige CriteriaDeming (Plan, Do, Check, Act)Logic Model (Mission, Goals, Objectives, Measures)Six Sigma Business Driver MapCustomer Value PropositionBusiness Excellence Model (EFQM)

. . .Common FeaturesStrategyValue propositionProcess and quality improvementEmphasis on resultsOrganization/culture changeCritical success factors, key performance indicators, performance drivers, key objectives, performance measures


12

Meeting Challenges with aPerformance Management FrameworkA performance management framework (for example, a balanced scorecard) enables you to combine financial and nonfinancial measures of performance, as well as leading and lagging indicators.

continued...


13

Meeting Challenges with aPerformance Management FrameworkA balanced scorecard is used to evaluate an organization’s impact from several perspectives, such as customers, learning and growth of employees, internal business processes, and financial results.

continued...

Within the balanced scorecard methodology, alternative perspectives can be used in conjunction with or in lieu of the four basic perspectives. These perspectives might include the following: • community • training • infrastructure • budget • development


14

Meeting Challenges with aPerformance Management FrameworkA balanced scorecard

enables an organization to establish, accomplish, and measure the success of its strategies facilitates effective communication of strategy and performance information throughout the organization.


15

Questions a Balanced Scorecard Answers

Vision Vision MissionMissionStrategyStrategy

To succeed financially, how should you appear

to your owners?

To satisfy your customers, at

what business processes must

you excel?To achieve your vision, how will you sustain your

ability to learn and improve?

To achieve your vision, how should you appear to your customers?

Objective Measure Target InitiativeFinancial

Adapted from Kaplan and Norton

Measure Target InitiativeInternal Business Process

Objective

Measure Target InitiativeObjectiveLearning & Growth

CustomerMeasure Target InitiativeObjective

...

A balanced scorecard system converts strategy into an integrated organizational system that is defined across business perspectives.

Typically, four business perspectives are used, but three to five perspectives can be used.

According to many industry experts, a good balance between past and present and between internal and external business processes is more easily achieved with four perspectives.


16

Meeting Challenges with aPerformance Management FrameworkAfter an organization analyzes its mission, identifies its stakeholders, and defines its goals, it needs a way to measure progress toward those goals. Key performance indicators are those measurements.

Key performance indicators, also known as KPI or key success indicators (KSI), help an organization define and measure its progress toward organizational goals.

continued...

17

Meeting Challenges with aPerformance Management FrameworkKey performance indicators are quantifiable measurements that reflect the critical success factors of an organization. They must reflect the organization's goals, they must be key to its success, and they must be measurable.


18

Using SAS Strategic Performance ManagementSAS Strategic Performance Management enables you to do the following:

focus on key indicators of success. You can surface information clearly, accurately, and quickly. expose relationships between activities and their impacts on shareholder value. understand which activities drive others and what impact these activities have on your organization’s performance. identify potential problems by understanding root causes.

When you expose relationships between activities and their impact on shareholder value, you can understand why certain activities are more important than others. You then can use time and resources more efficiently.

19

Using SAS Strategic Performance ManagementKey Benefits:

creates an environment where change can be embraced quickly to leverage opportunities and minimize threats.

Agility

creates transparency and understanding of how strategy is executed for maximum efficiency and effectiveness.

Alignment

helps customers prioritize and concentrate on key aspects of their business.

Focus


1.2 About This Course

21

ObjectivesDefine the target audience.Identify the course prerequisites. Describe the business scenario.

1.2 About This Course 1-15

Target Audience and Prerequisites

22

Who Should Take This Course?The target audience for this course includes the following:

modelersbusiness analysts

• Modelers create the projects and scorecards for an organization. • Business analysts might not create projects and scorecards, but they use the projects and scorecards to

surface information. Therefore, they must be able to navigate the interface to perform such tasks as creating thresholds, subscribing to alerts, and creating column selections.

In some cases, one person functions as both the modeler and the analyst. • The administrator’s focus is the setup of the warehouse and associated ETL (extraction, transformation,

and loading) tasks. Although the administrator’s duties differ from those of the modeler and analyst, knowledge of the modeler’s and analyst’s duties can be useful for the administrator.

• The data entry person is not included in the target audience for SAS Strategic Performance Management training.


23

Course PrerequisitesThis course assumes that you are well acquainted with at least one performance management methodology.Other prerequisites:

familiarity with Microsoft Excelfamiliarity with Microsoft Word

Business Scenario

24

Parcel Express: The BusinessParcel Express

began operations in 1990 as a ground parcel delivery service in Beaverton, Oregonin 1995, with 125 employees and $1 million in sales, expanded to two express services:– Overnight Express – 2nd Day Guaranteed.

1.2 About This Course 1-17

25

Parcel Express: The BusinessParcel Express recently began using SAS Activity-Based Management software, which helps the company accurately determine and manage costs and profit for products, services, activities, and business processes.The information surfaced by SAS Activity-Based Management software assists the Parcel Express managers strategically by helping them understand which products and customers are profitable and by explaining what drives operational costs and how to improve them.

26

Parcel Express: The BusinessSAS Activity-Based Management software is an integral component of an effective performance management system.The management of Parcel Express discovered that the output generated by SAS Activity-Based Management software provides excellent key performance indicators for a balanced scorecard.


27

Parcel Express: The BusinessParcel Express has identified some top priorities for the organization:

reduce the overall costs and increase the profit margin of products reduce the costs of sorting and inspecting packages and moving packages from branch collection locations to the warehouseprovide accurate, on-time delivery service as well as an online tracking system for customers train and retain excellent employees

28

Parcel Express: The BusinessParcel Express’ scorecard reflects the organization’s goals as well as the key performance indicators that are used to monitor progress.

1.3 SAS Strategic Performance Management: Key Views 1-19

1.3 SAS Strategic Performance Management: Key Views

30

ObjectivesIdentify the key views in the SAS Strategic Performance Management solution and explain their functions.

31

What Is a View?In a SAS Strategic Performance Management project, you can display different views of your data on the right side of the Project page:

display data in the form of diagrams.Diagrams

display the relationship between scorecard elements in the form of a hierarchy.

Associations

display data in the form of dashboards.Dashboards

display data for the selected scorecard and all of its children.

Aggregatetables

display data for the selected scorecard in tabular form.

Tables


32

What Is a Scorecard Table? Scorecard tables display data in rows and columns.The columns in the table are determined by the template with which the project is associated. The elements are displayed in rows. You can create elements in a table, or you can import elements from an environment that you migrated from Release 1.4 of SAS Performance Management.

33

What Is a Scorecard Table?


34

What Is a Scorecard Table?In a table, you can do the following:

display data organized by element type, attribute, and datecreate, copy, move, and delete elementscustomize the rows, columns, and kinds of links that are displayed in the tableformat columns and cellsapply formulas and ranges to columnsset global and personal threshold optionsdisplay historyview and add comments

35

What Is an Aggregate Table?An aggregate table shows data from the selected scorecard and all of its children.


36

What Is a Dashboard?You can use dashboards to display ranges in a graphical format. Each element is represented by a dashboard that displays the data ranges that are defined. In addition to ranges, you can display comments, history data, and element properties.

37

What Is a Dashboard?


38

What Is an Association?An association

displays relationships between scorecard element types and their associated attributes in a project displays the elements in a hierarchy.

39

What Is a Diagram?A diagram is a graphical way of representing elements, their relationships to one another, and their respective scores. You can create diagrams that illustrate the relationships between scorecard elements. Diagrams can be based on project element types or scorecard element types.


40

What Is a Diagram?Diagrams have two layers:

data node layer container layer

The data node layer consists primarily of nodes that represent the elements in a scorecard or a project. This layer can also include links that connect the nodes. The container layer consists primarily of containers that you can use to group the data nodes.

41

What Is a Diagram?

1.4 Touring the SAS Strategic Performance Management Interface 1-25

1.4 Touring the SAS Strategic Performance Management Interface

43

ObjectivesView the Parcel Express template.View the Parcel Express scorecard project.Tour the key views for a scorecard project.


Touring SAS Strategic Performance Management

Table Views with No Column Selection


Column Selections and the Use of Ranges



Aggregate Tables (available only for parent scorecards)

Column Selections for Aggregate Tables


Ability to Change How Aggregate Tables Are Organized


Dashboard Views


Ability to Customize Dashboard

Historical Trends


Associations

Diagrams


Chapter 2 The SAS Information Delivery Portal

2.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................2-3

2.2 Using the SAS Information Delivery Portal ..................................................................2-7

2-2 Chapter 2 The SAS Information Delivery Portal

2.1 Introduction 2-3

2.1 Introduction

3

ObjectivesDescribe the SAS Information Delivery Portal.Distinguish between the two methods of organizing portal content.

4

SAS Information Delivery PortalThe SAS Information Delivery Portal provides a Web-based interface to access enterprise data, applications, and information.The SAS Information Delivery Portal has the following characteristics:

is built on top of the SAS Business Intelligence Architectureprovides a single point of entry


5

Advantages Single sign-onSecure environment for sharing information with other usersAbility to subscribe to publication channels and alerts that deliver updated information to your desktopIntegrated with the SAS Business Intelligence Architecture

6

Portal OrganizationThe SAS Information Delivery Portal uses pages and portlets to organize information.

A page is a Web page in the SAS Information Delivery Portal that contains portlets. Each page is represented by a tab on the portal’s navigation bar.Portlets are rectangular components of a portal page and are used to organize content.

continued...


7

Portal Organization

Page

Portlet

8

My Favorites PortletMy Favorites enables users to create lists of documents, files, folders, links, and tasks.


9

URL Display PortletThe URL Display portlet enables users to view the contents of another Web page from within the portal framework.

10

Performance Dashboard PortletThe Performance Dashboard enables users to view the contents of a document from within the portal framework.

2.2 Using the SAS Information Delivery Portal 2-7

2.2 Using the SAS Information Delivery Portal

12

ObjectivesLog on to the SAS Information Delivery Portal.Add content to the portal.Change the portal’s page layout.


Using the SAS Information Delivery Portal

This demonstration shows how to log on to the SAS Information Delivery Portal, add content to the portal, and change the portal’s page layout.

1. Open Internet Explorer and enter a URL.

Your URL might be different from the one shown above. Your instructor will provide the

URL for your training server.

2. Select Log On to sign on to the portal.

3. Supply a user name and a password by typing values in those fields.

4. Select . For this training, you will see the portal page titled Home that was created for the demonstration in Chapter 1.


If a portal page were not created previously, you would see no initial content in the portal.

5. Select Options Add… from the menu at the top of the window to add a second page to the portal.


6. The Create tab is selected by default on the Add Pages to Profile page. Create a new page by entering a name, a description, and any keywords for the new page.

The Page rank option specifies a number that indicates the importance of this page as compared to other pages. The number determines the order in which pages are listed in the navigation bar; pages are ordered from lowest to highest. Pages that have equal rank values are listed in the order in which they were created. The default value is 100.

7. Select . A message indicates that your page was added successfully.

8. You can use the Add Pages to Profile page to add as many pages as wanted in the portal. When you

are finished, select . The new page is displayed. Notice that it is empty.


9. To add portlets to the page, select Options Edit Content… from the menu at the top of the window.

The Edit Page Content page opens.


You can add several types of portlets: • Collection • Information Map • My Alerts • My Favorites • Performance Aggregate Table • Performance Association • Performance Dashboard • Performance Diagram • Performance Table • URL Display • View a Report • WebDAV Content • WebDAV Graph

SAS Strategic Performance Management software has thirteen portlet types. If other software is installed on the server, you might have more portlet choices available to you.

10. Add two portlets: the URL Display portlet and My Favorites. The URL Display portlet displays the SAS home page. A My Favorites portlet contains links to the content and applications that you frequently use, including links to tasks that start SAS Strategic Performance Management software.

11. Select .

12. Select URL Display Portlet from the drop-down menu on the Add Portlets page. Give the portlet a title by typing a value in the Name field. Optionally, you can also enter a description for the portlet and any keywords.


13. Select . A message indicates that the portlet was added successfully.

14. Select My Favorites from the drop-down menu on the Add Portlets page. Give the portlet a title by

typing a value in the Name field.

15. Select . Select to close the Add Portlets to Page window.

16. Select to close the Edit Page Content window.

The Parcel Express page now contains the two portlets you added. However, no information is displayed in the portlets.

17. Edit the SAS Home Page portlet by selecting (the Edit icon) in the portlet title bar.


18. Type http://www.sas.com in the URL text box. Select Show URL content inside an I-Frame. Maintain the default value of 300 for I-Frame Height.

19. Select . The SAS Web page is displayed in the URL display portlet.

20. Select Edit Portlet… to add items to the Performance Management Links portlet.

21. Select on the Properties page. A menu appears. Select Task… from this menu.


22. Select Manage Scorecard Projects from the list in the Add Tasks window.

Manage Scorecard Projects enables you to create a new scorecard project as well as manage all scorecard projects and templates.

23. Select to close the Add Tasks window. Select a second time to close the Properties window.


24. Select Options Edit Content… to change information on the current page.

25. The Edit Page Content window opens. Change the number of columns from 1 to 2 so that the two

portlets appear side by side. Accept the default column width of 50% for each column.

26. Move the SAS Home Page portlet to Column 2 by selecting its name in the text box for Column 1 and selecting (the Move Right icon) to change columns.


27. Select to save and view the changes.

You can also change the layout of the page content by using a grid layout. With a grid layout, you cannot only specify the size of each column, but you can also span columns. For example, you can display the Performance Management Links portlet in the top left column of the portal page and display the SAS Home Page portlet so that it spans both the bottom-left and bottom-right spaces.

28. To use a grid layout, select Options Edit Content….

29. In the Edit Page Content window, select By grid as the value for the Layout field.

30. The current portlet layout has one row and two columns. Both portlets are in one row of the grid.

Select to add a second row to the grid layout.


31. Specify that the Performance Management Links portlet appears in column one of row one. Choose the option Empty for the second column of row one so that the portlet appears only in the upper-left corner of the page.

32. Display the SAS Home Page portlet in both columns of row two so that it spans both the bottom-left

and bottom-right display spaces.


33. Select to save and apply the changes. The portal page now displays the portlets in a grid.

34. Select the layout that you prefer and save your changes. You will add more portlets to the portal page

as the course progresses and you might choose to further edit the layout.


Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards 3.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................3-3

3.2 Planning a Project ..........................................................................................................3-4

3.3 Creating a Template .......................................................................................................3-8

3.4 Creating and Associating Element Types ..................................................................3-13

3.5 Defining Metric Attributes and Enabling Additional Languages..............................3-23

3.6 Creating a Project.........................................................................................................3-28

3.7 Creating a Scorecard ...................................................................................................3-38

3-2 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards


3.1 Introduction

3

ObjectivesIdentify the basic steps in creating a scorecard project.

4

Creating a ProjectThis chapter walks you through the steps necessary to create a scorecard project:

planning a projectcreating a templatecreating and associating element typesdefining metric attributes and enabling additional languagescreating a projectcreating a scorecard


3.2 Planning a Project

6

ObjectivesExplain the importance of planning a performance management project. Define and explain the differences among templates, scorecards, and projects.

7

Planning a ProjectMany people assume that scorecards always represent organizations and that element types are always perspectives, objectives, and measures.However, a performance management project does not have to follow conventional balanced scorecard methodology.

3.2 Planning a Project 3-5

8

Planning a ProjectA project and its corresponding template can capture any performance management strategy, whether it is based on a balanced scorecard, Six Sigma, Baldrige, TQM, or any other performance management methodology.Whatever your methodology, it is important to take time to plan your project and template to meet the needs of your organization.

9

Defining a TemplateSelect your performance management methodology and its components before you design your template.A template is a layout for your performance management application. It specifies the components to be used in your application and determines how scorecard information is reported.


10

Defining a TemplateSome predefined templates are shipped with SAS Strategic Performance Management software.

The Balanced Scorecard template reflects the balanced scorecard methodology for measuring performance.The KPI Viewer template is used to measure key performance indicators.The User-Defined template enables you to create your own template.

11

Defining a ScorecardA scorecard is a collection of elements for a given business unit. A scorecard tracks internal business processes and external outcomes so that an organization can plan its strategy and monitor its success.Scorecards are arranged in a hierarchy within a project.

3.2 Planning a Project 3-7

12

Defining a ProjectA project is a collection of scorecards arranged in a hierarchical structure. A project can have one or more root-level scorecards. Each root-level scorecard can have child scorecards that are arranged in a hierarchy.


3.3 Creating a Template

14

ObjectivesCreate a template for the Parcel Express project.

15

Creating a TemplateCreate a template in order to define the components of a scorecard environment.

3.3 Creating a Template 3-9

16

Creating a TemplateThe template includes four components:

Project Element TypesScorecard Element TypesMetric AttributesUser-Defined Languages


Creating a Template

You have a My Favorites portlet with one task.

1. To open SAS Strategic Performance Management, select Manage Scorecard Projects.

The application opens with two predefined templates and a folder for user-defined templates.

The user-defined template named Parcel Express Tour was created for the tour in Chapter 1.

3.3 Creating a Template 3-11

2. To create a user-defined template, select Template New Template….

3. Enter a name for the new template.

4. Select . The Template Editor window opens for the template that you created.


5. Navigate out of the Template Editor window and back to the Template and Project Manager window by selecting Template Manage Templates and Projects….

You can also select within Strategic Performance Management to navigate out of the Template Editor window. Do not use the Back navigation tool on the Internet Explorer menu bar to navigate within SAS Strategic Performance Management. Results are not always reliable. Using menu options within SAS Strategic Performance Management is the most appropriate way to navigate.

You can now see your template in the list of user-defined templates.

3.4 Creating and Associating Element Types 3-13

3.4 Creating and Associating Element Types

19

ObjectivesCreate element types.Establish relationships among selected element types.

20

Defining ElementsAn element is a unit of data represented by a row in a scorecard table. Each element belongs to one of the following:

a project element typea scorecard element type

Element types are defined in the template.


21

Defining Element TypesProject element types are categories of data that apply to all of the scorecards in all projects within a template. They are applied globally.For example, Status can be a project element type. Each value for Status is an element that belongs to the Status element type.

Element Type=Status

Sample Elementsfor Status:

PendingRenewedApprovedDraft

22

Defining Element TypesScorecard element typesare categories of data that apply or are available to all scorecards within a project. For example, Objectives can be a scorecard element type. The objective “Reduce inspection costs” could be an element that belongs to the Objectives element type.

Element Type=Objectives

Sample Elementsfor Objectives

Reduce inspection costsReduce overall costper productProvide accurate,on-time delivery service


Creating Element Types

After you create a template, the Template Editor window opens. If you navigated away from the Template Editor window during the previous demonstration, reopen it by selecting Template Edit Template….

The template tables are listed in the left panel of the Template Editor window. The center of the screen displays the content of each table.

1. Select Project Element Types to highlight it and then select New Project Element Type to create a new project element type.


2. The New Project Element Type window opens. Name the element type by typing Contacts in the Element type name field. You can also enter an optional description in the appropriate field. Supply an image by selecting one from the menu to the right of the default image.

3. Select . The Contacts project element type appears.

4. To create new scorecard element types, select Scorecard Element Types from the template table menu on the left side of the window. Select New Scorecard Element Type.


5. Name the element type by typing Goals in the Element type name field. Supply an image by selecting the menu to the right of the default image.

6. Select . The Goals scorecard element type appears.


7. Repeat the process to create additional scorecard element types. Create a second scorecard element type named Programs.


8. Create a third scorecard element type named Measures.

9. Select . The three scorecard element types appear.


Establishing Associations among Element Types

One of the strengths of SAS Strategic Performance Management is its ability to show how one element type is related to or affects another. For example, each measure in the Parcel Express project will support a program so that Parcel Express can use the measure to monitor its success in the program. After you create element types, you establish associations by editing the element type properties.

1. Select Scorecard Element Types in the template table menu. From the New Scorecard Element Type table, select the drop-down menu to the left of the Measures element type and select Properties.

2. The Scorecard Element Type Properties window opens. In the General section, you can change the element type’s name, description, image, and diagram settings.

3. Select to expand the Attribute Definition section. Select to create an attribute that can enable associations.

4. The Attribute settings window opens. In the Label field, type Programs supported by Measures. You use this label because each measure will support a program. You can also add an optional description.


5. Select Element Type under Attribute category.

6. Select Programs under Element type relationship.

7. Select Allow multiple selections. This option enables you to specify that a measure might support multiple programs. You will specify associations between Parcel Express’ measures and programs in Chapter 4, “Adding Data to the Scorecard.”

Additional attribute types are shown below: • Text, which enables you to associate text that further defines or clarifies information about the

element type • Email, which enables you to associate an active email address with the element type • Date, with which you can associate a date with the element type • URL, which enables you to associate an active URL with the element type

8. Select to save the changes and close the Properties window.

These steps enable specific programs to be associated with specific goals. The actual associations between programs and goals are done later in each scorecard.

Repeat the process to enable programs to be associated with goals.

9. From the New Scorecard Element Type table, access the drop-down menu to the left of the Programs element type and select Properties. The Scorecard Element Type Properties window opens.

10. Expand the Attributes section and select .


11. In the Label field, type Goals supported by Programs.

12. Select Element Type under Attribute category.

13. Select Goals under Element type.

14. Select Allow multiple selections.

15. Select .

3.5 Defining Metric Attributes and Enabling Additional Languages 3-23

3.5 Defining Metric Attributes and Enabling Additional Languages

25

ObjectivesExplain metric attributes.Describe the multiple language support available through SAS Strategic Performance Management.Provide guidelines and steps for enabling multiple languages.Define metric attributes.Enable a second language.

26

Defining Metric AttributesMetric attributes are the types of performance values that are collected in a project.For example, an organization might want to collect actual and target values in order to monitor its success.


27

Enabling LanguagesSAS Strategic Performance Management provides multiple language support. Scorecards in an associated project can be created in multiple languages. A language can be one of the following:

traditional languages such as Japanese or Germannon-traditional languages, for example, the technical jargonthat might be specific to an industry or company

28

Enabling LanguagesGuidelines:

The text is not translated; after you enable a language, you must enter the text yourself.Text on screen is either content or part of the application interface, such as menus and message text. You can translate the content based on the languages defined in the template. The application interface is available in a variety of languages at installation. Ask your SAS representative which languages are shipped with the application.

You can enter the text within scorecards in multiple languages. The text in menus and on screens within SAS Strategic Performance Management is entered in one language and might not be enabled in additional languages. Contact your SAS representative to learn more about the languages in which the application is available.


Defining Metric Attributes

1. Select Metric Attributes from the Template table menu in the left side of the window.

2. Select New Metric Attribute. The New Metric Attribute dialog box opens.

3. Type Target in the Metric attribute name field.

4. Select .

5. Repeat the steps to create two more metric attributes named Actual and Performance.


Enabling Additional Languages

Although SAS Strategic Performance Management uses English as the default language, your business needs might require that you enable additional languages.

1. To enable a second language, select User-Defined Languages from the Template table menu. Notice that English is the default language.

2. Select New Language. The New Language dialog box opens.

3. Type the name of the language that you want to enable.


4. Select . The languages are displayed.

5. To select a language so that you can then edit the template, select Template Select Language for Editing ….

You can then select a language from the Language drop-down menu.

By default, template content is displayed in the default language that was set in the Preferences for the portal.

Because Parcel Express has divisions only in the United States, no additional languages will be created in this class. If you choose to create an additional language outside of class, follow the steps in this demonstration.


3.6 Creating a Project

32

ObjectivesCreate a project.

33

Creating a ProjectRecall that a project is a collection of scorecards that are arranged in a hierarchical structure.

3.6 Creating a Project 3-29

34

Creating a ProjectFrom a project, you can create and manage the following:

projectstemplatesscorecardsrangesformscolumn selections

35

Creating a ProjectFrom a project, you can also do the following:

use forms to enter dataperform calculationsview data in the following forms:− scorecard tables− aggregate tables− dashboards− hierarchies− diagrams

continued...


36

Creating a ProjectFrom a project, you can also do the following:

export projectsregister projects that have been importedset project optionsedit project propertiesset project preferences


Creating a Project

Create a Parcel Express scorecard project.

1. Select Template Manage Templates and Projects….

The Template and Project Manager window opens.

2. Select New Project.


The New Project Wizard opens.

The wizard takes you through these five steps to build a new project: • designating a location for the project • identifying its time dimension and hierarchy properties • associating a template with the project • linking to or building a hierarchy • displaying summary information

Some of these steps require you to make selections and others occur as the result of previous actions.


3. The Location page of the New Project Wizard specifies the storage location for your project. First, specify the repository for your project.

The SAS Metadata Repository is a metamodel in which SAS customers store, access, and manage their enterprise metadata. Repositories are virtual folders in the SAS Metadata Repository and provide a way to organize metadata, including the metadata of SAS solutions. With SAS Strategic Performance Management, ensure that all security roles are in the Foundation repository. It is also suggested that users store their personal projects or reports in their user ID repository.

4. Select the folder in which you want the project to reside. Select Shared Documents. The folder you select is important. Although you can choose to create your project in your personal Users folder, it is better to create the project in a shared folder because a project is meant to be shared among many people.

5. Select .

6. Identify the project’s properties. Begin with the name. Type Parcel Express Project in the Project name field.


7. Specify a time dimension and hierarchy. Select the plus sign next to TIME_Default and then select Standard Time Hierarchy.


8. Select . The template that you created previously is automatically associated with the project. Notice that the template in which you began creating the new project is highlighted.


9. Select . You are now prompted to import a hierarchy.

You can do one of the following: • Build a hierarchy within SAS Strategic Performance Management. • Link to a hierarchy created through the dimension workspace. Hierarchies can be shared and

accessed among the SAS solutions.

If you select Yes as a response to the Import option, the dimensions that were defined in the Dimension workspace are listed as shown below.

10. In this case, a hierarchy will be created within SAS Strategic Performance Management. Select No to the Import prompt.


11. Select . As a last step, summary information is displayed.

12. Select to save or to make changes. In this case, select . The new project opens with a scorecard named Scorecard - 1.


3.7 Creating a Scorecard

39

ObjectivesExplain the concept of a scorecard.Create a single scorecard.

40

Creating a ScorecardWithin a project, you can create the following:

a single scorecardparent, child, and sibling scorecards

When you create multiple scorecards in a project, they are added into a scorecard hierarchy within that project.

3.7 Creating a Scorecard 3-39

Creating a Scorecard

After a template and project are created, you can create a scorecard. When you create a new project, SAS Strategic Performance Management creates an empty scorecard as a default scorecard. Rename and edit the default scorecard and make it the top-level scorecard to represent the corporate division of Parcel Express.

1. Rename the scorecard to reflect the organization within Parcel Express. Highlight the scorecard name and select Scorecard.

2. Select Properties from the menu options.


3. The Scorecard Properties window opens. Rename the scorecard by typing Corporate in the Scorecard name field.

4. Select . You now have the parent scorecard in the scorecard hierarchy.

Chapter 4 Adding Data to the Scorecard 4.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................4-3

4.2 Adding Data to Element Tables .....................................................................................4-5

4.3 Creating a Child Scorecard .........................................................................................4-24

4.4 Entering Metric Values .................................................................................................4-28

4.5 Creating Input Forms ...................................................................................................4-38

4.6 Using Input Forms to Enter Data.................................................................................4-45

4.7 Creating and Applying Thresholds and Alerts...........................................................4-58

4.8 Creating and Using Formulas .....................................................................................4-67

4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study) ........................................................4-79

4-2 Chapter 4 Adding Data to the Scorecard


4.1 Introduction

3

ObjectivesDiscuss the various methods of entering data and values in a scorecard.

4

Populating ScorecardsYou can add data to the element type tables from within the project. A wizard simplifies the process.


5

Entering Metric ValuesYou can enter values to metric attributes as follows:

by keying in values one cell at a timewith a bulk load of values for all cellsvia a data entry formby using formulaswith SAS Data Integration Studio

4.2 Adding Data to Element Tables 4-5

4.2 Adding Data to Element Tables

7

ObjectivesPopulate the project and scorecard element type tables in the scorecard.Create associations between the elements.

8

Populating Element TablesAdd data to the element type tables that you created in the template.


9

Associating ElementsAfter you create element types, you can establish the possibility for elements to be associated by editing the element type properties.The actual associations between element type values are created after the tables are populated.


Populating Element Tables

Now that you created the Corporate scorecard, populate the element tables. Notice that when the scorecard name is highlighted, scorecard element types are displayed.

1. Add elements to the Goals scorecard element table. Make sure that the Goals element table is selected. If it is not, select Goals from the Element type menu and select .

2. Select . The New Element Wizard opens. Enter the element name Increase Revenue and Cut Costs.


3. In the Time settings fields, select Month for the Period type. The Period type defines the intervals at which data is collected for the element.

4. The Start period defines the first interval at which data is collected. The End period defines the last interval at which data is collected. Leave the Start and End period values set to Float. The float value means that the period is not set. If you specify actual dates, the element can have values loaded only for those dates. Using the float value is more convenient and more flexible than entering specific date values.

You cannot select a specific Start period and select Float as the value for the End period. You must either select specific values or select Float for both the Start and End periods.

5. Select . The second page of the New Element Wizard opens. If there were additional scorecards in the project, you can choose to copy the element to the additional scorecards. Because there is currently only one scorecard, accept the default option, In current scorecard only.

The New Element Wizard does not recognize whether you have a single scorecard or multiple scorecards in the project. You must select the appropriate location for the new element.

6. Select . You can now see the first row of data in the Goals element table.


7. Repeat the process to enter the goals shown below:

8. After you populate the Goals element table, populate the Programs element table. Select Programs from the Element type menu and select .

9. Populate the Programs element table and use the same process that you used to populate the Goals element table. Use the same values in the Time settings fields. Enter the programs shown below:

10. After you populate the Programs element table, populate the Measures element table. Select Measures from the Element type menu and select .


11. Enter the measures shown below. Use the same values in the Time settings fields that you used for the Goals and Programs element tables.

Depending on the preferences established for the scorecard, the Measures element table might display only part of its rows, as shown below. (Modifying preferences is discussed in Chapter 9, “Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences.”) To see the remaining elements, select one of the icons to scroll down. The icon enables you to scroll to the next page of rows. The icon enables you to scroll to the last row of the table. Use

to see only the remaining three measures.

12. Populate the project element type table. Select the name of your project and the project element type appears.

13. The process to populate the project element type table is the same as the process for populating a

scorecard element type table. Select . The New Element Wizard opens.


14. Enter John Smith as the element name. You can add an optional description. Select Month as the period type, and select Float for the Start and End periods.

15. Select to go to the second step of the New Element Wizard.

16. Select . Add two more entries, as shown below, to complete the Contacts element table.


Sorting Rows within an Element Table

After you populate an element table, you can sort the rows within the table. Sort the rows within the Measures element table.

1. Open the Measures element table. Select the Edit icon beside one of the measures, and then select the Order Rows… option.


2. Select the option Order Rows…. The Order Rows window opens.

3. You can sort all the rows in ascending or descending order, you can move individual rows up or down

one row at a time, or you can move a row to the top or bottom of the list. Select to maintain the current order of the rows.

4. Notice that the keyword Name above the elements in the element table is active. You can sort the rows in a table in ascending or descending order by selecting the keyword. Select Name once to sort the measures in ascending order. Select Name a second time to sort the elements in descending order.

An icon appears beside the element name to indicate whether the rows have been sorted in ascending

or descending order.


Associating Elements

Recall that within the template, you created the possibility for measures to be associated with programs and for programs to be associated with goals. Now assign the associations for each of those element types. There are two ways to associate element types: by editing the properties of the element types or by using the Diagram Editor. (The Diagram Editor is discussed in detail in Chapter 7, “Creating Diagrams.”)

1. Associate measures with the programs that they support. If the Measures element table is not open, select Measures from the Element type menu and select .

2. Select the Edit icon beside the name of the first measure, Average cost of each product. Select Properties from the menu.


3. The Element Properties window opens. Select beside to edit the element attributes. Notice that the name you assigned to the association, Programs supported by Measures, is highlighted and that the element values in the Available elements list are programs. You previously defined this association in the template.

Select the program Reduce overall cost of each product. It is the program with which the measure

Average cost of each product is associated. Select to move the program from the Available elements list to the Elements associated to list.

4. Select .


5. Repeat the process to associate measures to the appropriate programs, as shown below.

Measures Programs

Average cost of each product Reduce overall cost of each product

Average profit of each product Meet profit margin for products

Percent revenue growth per product Meet profit margin for products

Average number of packages lost Provide accurate, on-time delivery service

Average number of customer complaints Provide accurate, on-time delivery service

Average number of packages tracked online Provide easily accessible online tracking data

Average number of package inquiries received by phone

Provide easily accessible online tracking data

Average cost per inspection Reduce cost of inspection

Average number of failed inspections Reduce cost of inspection

Average cost per package to move products to warehouse

Decrease cost of moving packages to warehouse

Average job loss time due to preventable accidents per 100 employees

Increase employee safety training effectiveness

Percent of drivers with perfect driving records Increase employee safety training effectiveness

Percent of employees receiving performance bonus Improve management’s communication of company goals and performance rewards to staff


Using the Diagram Editor to Associate Elements

You can also designate associations by using the drag-and-drop capability in the Diagram Editor. (The Diagram Editor is discussed in detail in Chapter 7, “Creating Diagrams.”)

1. Select the Diagrams icon on the toolbar.

A message indicates that no diagrams were created for the project.

2. Select New Diagram on the toolbar to create a diagram.

3. The New Diagram Wizard opens. Enter a name for the new diagram.


4. Select . Specify which element types you want displayed in the diagram. Select Programs and Goals. (Hold down the CTRL key in order to select multiple element types.)

You can add or remove element types in the diagram at any time.

5. Select . Specify any associations between the element types that you chose to appear in the diagram. Notice that the association you previously defined for Programs and Goals is displayed. Select the association so that it is highlighted.


6. Select . The final step in the wizard is a confirmation page. Review your selections.

7. Select . The diagram opens in a default state. You must edit it to establish the associations between Programs and Goals.

8. Select the Manage Diagrams option on the toolbar.

9. Select the Edit icon beside the diagram’s name and then select Edit….


10. The Diagram Editor opens. The elements that you selected are displayed but are not in any particular order. Edit the diagram in order to create associations between the elements.

11. Drag the elements so that you can see them easily.


12. Hold down the CTRL key and hold down the left mouse button on the data node for the program Meet profit margin for products. Drag the mouse pointer to the data node for the goal Increase Revenue and Cut Costs. Because you defined the association between measure and program element types previously, the mouse pointer turns into a green check mark. Release the mouse button to add the link between the two nodes.

13. In addition to dragging the mouse pointer to create a link that assigns the association between element types, you can double-click on an element and edit its properties in the Edit Element window. Double-click on the program Reduce overall cost of each product. The Edit Element window opens. Select the goal Increase Revenue and Cut Costs in the association panel in order to establish the association between the program and the goal.


14. Select . A link is now displayed to represent the association.

15. Use either element properties or the Diagram Editor to associate programs with the appropriate goals, as shown below.

Programs Goals

Reduce overall cost of each product Increase revenue and cut costs

Meet profit margin for products Increase revenue and cut costs

Provide accurate, on-time delivery service Provide excellent customer service

Provide easily accessible online tracking data Provide excellent customer service

Reduce cost of inspection Improve internal processes

Decrease cost of moving packages to warehouse Improve internal processes

Increase employee safety training effectiveness Increase employee effectiveness

Improve management's communication of company goals and performance rewards to staff

Increase employee effectiveness


16. When you finish assigning associations, you can confirm that they were made by navigating to the Programs element table. Select the Edit icon beside the name of a program and select Properties. In the Properties window, expand the Attribute Options and Associations section. The association is displayed.


4.3 Creating a Child Scorecard

12

ObjectivesCreate a scorecard for the Beaverton, Oregon, division of Parcel Express.

13

Creating a Child ScorecardNow that you prepared the Corporate scorecard for Parcel Express, add a scorecard for one of the company’s divisions.

4.3 Creating a Child Scorecard 4-25

Creating a Child Scorecard

Create a child scorecard for the Beaverton, Oregon, division of Parcel Express. The Beaverton division of the company will use the same goals, programs, and measures as the Corporate division. Create a replica of the parent scorecard for Beaverton.

1. Select the Corporate scorecard to highlight it. Select Scorecard Copy To….

From the Scorecard menu, you can choose one of two options to create a new scorecard. The New Scorecard option enables you to create a new scorecard and provides an option to inherit existing elements from the parent scorecard. However, not all features of the parent scorecard are copied to the new scorecard. Selecting the Copy To option enables you to duplicate the contents of one scorecard to another, including metric attribute values, formulas, ranges, and thresholds. With this option, you can also choose to retain associations between elements.

The Copy To window opens.


2. Highlight Corporate to indicate that it is the parent of the new scorecard.

3. In the next section of the window, specify the new scorecard’s name. By default, the new scorecard is assigned the name of the existing scorecard followed by the word Copy.

4. Change the scorecard name from Corporate Copy to Beaverton. The option below the scorecard name enables you to copy child scorecards, if they exist, from the current scorecard to the new scorecard. There is no need to select the option.

5. The next section of the Copy To window is Copy Options. These options enable you to select specific attributes to copy from the existing scorecard to the new scorecard.

The Beaverton scorecard is to be an exact replica of the Corporate scorecard, so select all of the options.

All of the copy options were selected even though some of them were not yet created; nothing is copied in those instances. These copy options will be practical in a more developed model.

The Automatic creation of links between elements option is available only if the copy you are creating is a child of the current scorecard.

4.3 Creating a Child Scorecard 4-27

6. Select to complete the copy process. The Beaverton scorecard now appears in the scorecard hierarchy.

7. Open the Beaverton scorecard and verify that it is a copy of the Corporate scorecard.


4.4 Entering Metric Values

16

ObjectivesEnter values directly into metric attribute cells.

17

Entering Metric ValuesManually enter values in the metric attributes that you created in the template.

4.4 Entering Metric Values 4-29

Manually Entering Metric Values

Manually enter a few metric values in the Beaverton scorecard.

1. With the Beaverton scorecard open, select Measures from the Element type menu and select .

2. When the Measures element table opens, select the Edit icon beside the first measure, Average cost of each product. Select Edit Metric Attributes… from the menu.


3. The Metric Values, Ranges, and Actions window opens. Select Target as the Metric attribute value. Leave the Display period value set to the default.

4. Select the Target Value option. The Computed value option defaults to Manually entered, which displays a field in which you can enter a value. Leave the value set to this default.

The two other options for Computed value are Formula-based and Measure-based. The Formula-based option indicates that a formula will be used to apply the value for this measure. The Measure-based option supplies a measure on which the element’s value is based.

5. Enter 3.00 as the Entered value.


6. Select the Target Action option to activate it, and select the drop-down menu for the Action field. The default value is No action. Select Defined. When you select Defined, the Go to field appears.

7. Selecting one of the options in the Go to field associates an action with the Target value entered. For example, scroll to the bottom of the Go to options and select Launch a URL. When you select Launch a URL, the Parameters option appears. Enter the value http://www.sas.com/ in the url field.

It is important to enter http:// at the beginning of a URL. Entering only www.sas.com does not work.


8. The final options in the Metric Values, Ranges, and Actions window are target range and time period values. You can associate a range with a metric attribute by selecting the Target Range option and specifying the name of the range in the Range field. You did not yet create any ranges; skip this option.

The last option enables you to specify the time period to which your options apply. Leave the option set to the default.

9. Select to save and apply the selected options. An information box opens and confirms the changes that you made.

10. Select Close to close the information box.

11. In order to see the target value, specify a column selection that displays the target metric attribute. In the Column selection field above the Measures table, select Target. Select to apply the change.

12. The Target metric attribute is now displayed. You can see the target value entered for the first measure, which is now active, and when selected, can open the associated Web site.


Bulk Data Entry

In the Parcel Express scorecards, each measure has a different value for the Actual and Target metric attributes. However, if you have several elements that have the same metric value (for example, a target value of 100), you can do a bulk load of values rather than entering the values one at a time.

1. Select Edit Elements.

The Edit Elements window opens.


2. In the first option, select the project or scorecards and the elements to edit. In this example, select Scorecards and . The Select Scorecards window opens. Choose the Selected scorecards option. Expand the scorecard hierarchy and select the Beaverton scorecard.

3. Select to apply your selections and close the window.

4. In the Edit Elements window, select Measures as the value for the Element type option.


5. The next option, Select the elements you want to change, enables you to specify the measures for which you want to enter data. Choosing Selected elements enables you to see a list of the measures in the Beaverton scorecard and enables you to choose specific measures to edit.

6. Select All elements for this example.

The final half of the Edit Elements window enables you to specify additional edits.

7. The General Properties options enable you to specify time options. Leave them set to the default values of Month for the period type and Float for the Start and End periods. Omit the Owner option for this exercise. However, you might want to use this option at your site to specify a contact person for element types.


8. The Metric Attribute Properties section enables you to associate properties with the metric attribute. Select the metric attribute Target and select the Value option. Leave the other options blank for now. Leave the time period information set to the default.

9. Select beside the Value option. The Values window opens. Type the value 100 in the Entered value field. Notice that you can assign values to the selected elements by specifying a measure or by supplying a formula.


10. Select to close the Values window. Select to apply the edits and close the Edit Elements window.

A message appears and indicates that the elements were updated. The value 100 is applied to the Target column for all measures except for the measure whose value you entered previously.

There is an option that enables you to write over any values previously assigned to an element type. Under the list of elements is the option Override properties set on an individual cell. If you selected that option, the Target value of 3 for the measure Average cost of each product would be overwritten with the value of 100.

You cannot use the bulk data entry capability for Parcel Express scorecards because the metric values are unique for each measure. However, you might find this capability useful for applications within your organization. In addition to specifying metric values, you can modify the formula, range, action, and global and personal thresholds associated with a metric attribute from within the Edit Elements window.


4.5 Creating Input Forms

20

ObjectivesCreate a data entry form.

21

Creating a Data Entry FormData entry forms can simplify the process of entering metric attribute values.

Data entry forms can be added to a portlet so that users can add data to a scorecard from the portlet.

4.5 Creating Input Forms 4-39

22

Creating a Data Entry FormA wizard simplifies the process of creating a data entry form.

23

Editing a Data Entry FormAfter a data entry form is created, you can change these form properties:

metric attributesscorecardselementstime periodslayoutform name


Creating an Input Form

Create a data entry form for the metric values in the Parcel Express scorecards. (It does not matter which scorecard you have open when you create a data entry form.)

1. Select Project Data Entry Forms….

The Manage Forms window opens.


2. Select .

The New Forms Wizard opens.


3. Select the metric attributes for which you will collect data and the period type. Select the metric attributes Target and Actual, and select Month as the period type.

4. Select . Specify the scorecard(s) for which you will collect data. Expand the hierarchy and select Beaverton.


5. Select . Choose the element type for which you will collect data. Select Measures and then select the option All elements in selected scorecards. The data entry form enables you to enter Actual and Target values for every measure. Select beside Beaverton. You will see a list of the measures with each measure selected.

Alternatively, you can choose specific measures for which you will enter data via the data entry form. Select the option Only the following elements in selected scorecards. Select specific measures by choosing the box to the left of the measures’ names. A check mark in the box indicates that a measure was selected.

6. Select . Select the time periods that you want to display in the data entry form. Accept the defaults so that only a single time period is displayed in the data entry form for clarity.

If you choose to display two or more future and/or past periods, you must select the option Include periods in between. Otherwise, only one of the future and/or past periods is displayed.


7. Select . Set the column layout. Accept the default value, Group by metric attribute. The form will have the same appearance with either option if you chose to enter data for only one period on the previous form.

When multiple time periods are included in the form layout, the Group by metric attribute option displays the data entry columns grouped together by metric attribute. For example, the Target fields are grouped together and the Actual fields are grouped together for as many time periods as specified.

The Group by period option displays the data entry columns grouped together by time periods. For example, if you specify three time periods, the Actual and Target fields are grouped together for each of the three time periods.

8. Select . The final step in the wizard is to name the form. Enter the name Data Entry Form.

9. Select . The wizard closes and the form is displayed in the Manage Forms window.

4.6 Using Input Forms to Enter Data 4-45

4.6 Using Input Forms to Enter Data

26

ObjectivesUse a data entry form to enter metric attribute values.

27

Using Data Entry FormsTo use a data entry form:1. Specify the time period for the data.2. Select the appropriate scorecard(s).3. Enter values in the data entry table.4. Save the changes.

Percentages, commas, currency, or any othernotations are not supported in data entry forms.


Using an Input Form for Data Entry

Use the data entry form you created to enter Actual and Target values for the Beaverton scorecard.

1. If you have the Manage Forms window open, you can select the Edit icon beside the name of the form and select Enter Data… from the menu. As an alternative, you can click on the name of the form.

2. If you closed the Manage Forms window, select and then select Data Entry Forms….


3. The Manage Forms window opens. Select the Edit icon beside the name of the form and select Enter Data… from the menu, or click on the name of the form.

4. The Data Entry Form opens. Notice that the current month is displayed as well as the Target and Actual metric attributes, as you specified when you designed the form. The Target values that were entered previously for this time period are also displayed.


5. Enter the Target values for the current month, as shown below. Recall that you used the bulk data load feature to enter a Target value of 100 previously. Type over those values to enter the correct value for each measure.

Measures Target Value

Average cost of each product 3.00

Average profit of each product 9.00

Percent revenue growth per product 10

Average number of packages lost 2

Average number of packages tracked online 1200

Average number of customer complaints 8

Average number of package inquiries received by phone 150

Average cost per inspection 0.75

Average number of failed inspections 9

Average job loss time due to preventable accidents per 100 employees 6

Average cost per package to move products to warehouse 1.25

Percent of employees receiving performance bonus 75

Percent of drivers with perfect driving records 75


6. Enter the Actual values for the current time period as shown in the table below.

Measures Current Period - 2

Current Period - 1

Current Period

Average cost of each product 3.65 3.55 3.50

Average profit of each product 7.50 7.60 7.75

Percent revenue growth per product 7.00 7.15 7.20

Average number of packages lost 4 4 3

Average number of packages tracked online 800 820 845

Average number of customer complaints 9.5 9 9

Average number of package inquiries received by phone 200 180 175

Average cost per inspection 1.25 1.15 1.00

Average number of failed inspections 12 12 11

Average job loss time due to preventable accidents per 100 employees

7.5 7.25 7

Average cost per package to move products to warehouse 2.00 1.85 1.75

Percent of employees receiving performance bonus 60 65 68

Percent of drivers with perfect driving records 65 70 75

7. Select . A message indicates that the changes were saved.


8. From the Current period drop-down list, select the previous time period.

The Beaverton Data Entry Form is refreshed.

9. Enter data for the Target and Actual metric attributes and use the charts in steps 5 and 6. Use the

Current Period – 1 column for the Actual values. Remember to select before you change periods.

If there is time, repeat these steps to enter data for a third time period, the Current Period – 2 column.


10. Select to close the data entry form. Select again to close the Manage Forms window. The metric attribute values can now be displayed in the Measures element table in the Beaverton scorecard.

11. Choose the column selection value All Metric Attributes and select .

All the metric attributes are displayed. You did not yet enter any values for the Performance column.

The metric values for the measure element types represent several different types of values, currency and percentages, for example. You might find it helpful to format the Target and Actual values.

12. If the Target values are the same type of values for every measure, you can select the Edit icon beside

the column heading and then select Format Column….


13. The Format Column window opens. Under Number Settings, you can choose how to format the data values. In this case, a single format will not work for all measures. Accept the default setting of General.

14. You can also choose the Font Settings options for the text in the column. Accept the default settings.

Because a single format type is not appropriate for the Parcel Express metric values, select to close the Format Column window.


15. You can choose to format values individually for each cell. Select the Edit icon beside a measure in the Measures element table. Select Format Cells… from the menu.

16. The Format Cells window opens. The Number Settings section enables you to select the metric attributes whose values you want to format. In the Options section, you can choose a format type. You can select to preview how the values will be displayed before you close the Format Cells window. Accept the default format type of General.


17. You can also select font settings. Expand the Font Settings section. Accept the default font settings for the metric attributes, and select to close the Format Cells window.


Adding a Data Entry Form to a Portlet

There are a few people on the performance management team at Parcel Express who will enter data manually until the team automates the updates of metric attribute values. Add the data entry form to a portlet to simplify the process of data entry for those team members.


2. The Manage Forms window opens. Select the menu icon beside the name of the data entry form. Select Add to Portlet….


3. The Add to Portlet window opens. You can select an existing portlet from the drop-down list or select Create New Portlet. In this situation, create a new portlet.

4. In the New portlet details section, enter a name for the new portlet. Select the portal page to which the portlet will be added. Recall that there are two portal pages. Add the portlet to the Parcel Express page that you created.

5. Select to save the changes and create the portlet. A message indicates that the portlet was created and added to the portal page successfully.


6. Select to close the Manage Forms window.

7. When a team member needs to enter data, he can navigate to the data entry portlet in the Parcel Express portal page. In the portlet, he can select the name of the form to open it and enter metric attribute values.


4.7 Creating and Applying Thresholds and Alerts

30

ObjectivesCreate and apply a threshold.Add an alert portlet to the portal page.

31

Using ThresholdsThresholds trigger a flag icon that indicates defined criteria were met. They can also trigger alerts to be sent to individual users or groups of users via the Alerts portlet and e-mail.

4.7 Creating and Applying Thresholds and Alerts 4-59

32

Creating a ThresholdWhen you create thresholds, you assign them to specific metric types such as Target and Performance.

33

Creating a ThresholdGlobal thresholds are set by scorecard modelers, who have access permissions to create scorecards. Global thresholds are available to every user of a scorecard.

Personal thresholds are set by an individual user and can be seen only by that user.


34

AlertsIf a threshold triggers an alert, users can elect to receive a warning in the Alerts portlet.


Creating and Using Thresholds and Alerts

The management team at the Beaverton, Oregon, division of Parcel Express wants to monitor the division’s performance carefully in certain areas, particularly customer service. Create a threshold and apply it to one of the customer service performance measures.

1. Make sure that the Beaverton scorecard is selected and then open the Measures element table. Select the Edit icon beside the measure Average number of packages lost. Select the menu option Global Threshold Options….

The Global Threshold Options window opens for the selected measure.


2. Select the Performance metric attribute in the Select a metric attribute field, and select the Enable global threshold option.

3. Choose values for the interval type and condition that will trigger an alert. Under Interval type, select Value. Under Condition, select the less than or equal to symbol (<=). Under Threshold, enter a value of .70. Apply the threshold condition only to the current period for this exercise.

At the bottom of the Global Threshold Options window there is an option to have notifications sent to a list of subscribers when an alert is triggered by the threshold.


4. Select the option Enable alert notifications. To add a subscriber, select . The Add Users & Groups window opens. Enter the letter s in the Search field, and select the check box by the Users option.

5. Select . A list of available user IDs that match the search opens. Select the user ID supplied by your instructor. (In this example, the user ID is SAS Demo User.)

6. Select to add the user ID. A confirmation message appears.

You will receive alert notifications if the performance value for this measure drops below the established threshold value.


7. Select to close the Add Users & Groups window and return to the Global Threshold Options window. The user ID appears in the Notification and subscription panel.

8. Select to close the Global Threshold Options window. The threshold flag will not appear automatically. You must specify that you want threshold flags to appear. Select the Customize menu option.


9. The Customize window opens. Expand the Cell Display section. Select Show threshold icon and then select Global.

Options in the two other sections in the Customize window are discussed in Chapter 9, “Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences.”

10. Select to apply the changes and to close the Customize window. The threshold flag will appear, as necessary, after data metric attribute values are added to the Performance column.


Adding an Alerts Portlet to the Portal Page

In order to receive warning messages when a measure’s performance falls below its threshold, add an alerts portlet to the portal page.

1. Navigate to the Parcel Express portal page and select Options Edit Content….

2. The Edit Page Content window opens. Select .

3. The Add Portlets to Page window opens. Select My Alerts for the Portlet type. Enter a name for the portlet and, optionally, a description.

4. Select to add the portlet to the portal page. A confirmation message appears.

5. Select to close the Add Portlets to Page window. Then select to close the Edit Page Content window. The Alerts portlet now appears in the portal page. There are no warnings at this point because no values for the Performance metric attribute were calculated.

4.8 Creating and Using Formulas 4-67

4.8 Creating and Using Formulas

37

ObjectivesCreate formulas and use them to generate metric attribute values.

38

Using the Formula EditorThe Formula Editor enables you to use text, symbols, data sources, and functions (including functions specific to SAS Strategic Performance Management) in order to calculate values.


Creating and Using Formulas

Use the Formula Editor to calculate values for the Performance metric attribute.

1. In the Measures element table in the Beaverton scorecard, select the Edit icon for the Performance metric attribute. Select Apply Formula… from the menu.

2. The Apply a Formula to a Column window opens. Because you entered data for two or three months, change the default value for Apply this formula to the following date. Set the start date to the earliest month of data that you entered. In this example, data was entered for June and July of 2006; June 2006 is selected as the start date. Select an end date that is at least far enough in the future so that the last month of data you entered is included. In this example, the end date was set to one year from the start date.


3. Select .

The Formula Editor opens.


4. Select the Data Sources tab in the Formula Editor. Make sure the Beaverton scorecard is selected in the scorecard tree diagram, and select Target in the Metric Attribute field. Beneath the Tables field is a list of all the measures. You can apply a formula to specific measures or select <Current Element> to apply a formula to all measures.

5. Select <Current Element>. Select . The Target column, information about the time period, and the element chosen appear in both the Variable to Add field and the Expression Text field.

6. Select from the list of arithmetic symbols, or type the division symbol in the Expression Text field. Select Actual in the Metric Attribute field and then select

.

7. Select to ensure that the formula is valid. A confirmation message appears.


8. Select to exit the Formula Editor. Select again to close the Apply a Formula to a Column window. The calculated values for all measures are displayed in the Performance column.

The threshold flag appears beside the Performance value for the measure Average number of packages lost.

9. Enhance the appearance of the Performance values. Select the Edit icon in the Performance column and select Format Column….


10. The Format Column window opens. In the Number Settings options, select Percentage for the Type value. Use the default option Format as standard percentage, and specify the number of decimal places to display as 0. You also can specify optional font settings; accept the defaults for this example.

11. Select . The changes are reflected in the Performance column.

Notice, however, that the formula does not correctly calculate performance values for every measure. The values for the measures Average profit of each product, Percent revenue growth per product, Average number of packages tracked online, Percent of employees receiving performance bonus, and Percent of drivers with perfect driving records are well above 100%. At a glance, the performance values might lead you to believe that Beaverton is performing extremely well for those measures. However, the performance measure is not correct and a different formula must be applied to these measures.


12. Select the Edit icon beside the measure Average profit of each product and then select Edit Metric Attributes….

13. The Metric Values, Ranges, and Actions window opens. Select Performance in the Metric attribute field and select . Then select Performance Value. The formula previously assigned to the Performance metric attribute column is displayed in the Formula definition field.


14. Select to open the Formula Editor. In the Formula Editor, the formula you created previously is displayed in the Expression Text field.

15. Delete the current formula in the Expression Text field. Select the Data Sources tab. Now the name of the measure is highlighted rather than <Current Element>. Change the Metric Attribute value to Actual and select . Then enter . The first part of the formula is defined.

16. Select Target in the Metric Attribute field and then select .

17. The formula is complete. Select to close the Formula Editor and to close the Metric Values, Ranges, and Actions window. A message indicates that the new formula was saved.

18. Repeat this process to apply the Actual/Target formula to the Performance value of the four other measures referenced in step 10 of this demonstration. The revised formula creates performance values that are appropriate for these measures.

Recall that there is a Functions tab in the Formula Editor. Although you do not use functions in your formulas, many functions, including functions specific to SAS Strategic Performance Management, are available for calculations.


You can also use predefined formulas rather than building a formula in the Formula Editor. Select . The formula appears in the Formula definition field.

The default predefined formula applies the Sum function to metric attribute values for elements linked from within children scorecards.

The Sum function is the default function used in the formula. You can select a different function by using the drop-down menu in the Function field.

To see the formula that was used to calculate a value, select the Edit icon beside the name of the metric attribute and then select Apply Formula…. The formula is displayed in the Apply a Formula to a Column window.

You can also see the formula by selecting the Edit icon beside the name of a measure. Select Edit Metric Attributes….


The Metric Values, Ranges, and Actions window opens for the measure. Select the appropriate metric attribute, which is Performance in this case. The formula is displayed in the Formula definition field.


Monitoring Alerts

After you applied an appropriate formula, the threshold flag appeared beside the Performance value for the measure Average number of packages lost. The flag notifies you that the measure’s performance dropped below the value you established as the threshold.

1. Select the threshold warning flag in the Beaverton Measures table. The Threshold Conditions window opens.

Information about the offending scorecard, Beaverton in this case, is displayed. The name of the measure is listed, as are the performance value, the global threshold value, and the difference between the two. You can open the offending scorecard by selecting its name.


2. Switch to the Corporate scorecard and look at its Measures element table. Notice that even though there are no metric attribute values in the table, the threshold flag appears. The threshold flag appears in the Corporate scorecard element table because the measure in the child scorecard is linked to the measure in the parent scorecard. To link or unlink a measure, select the edit icon beside the measure name and then select Link Element….

The Link Element window opens and enables you to link an element to an element in the parent scorecard. You can also unlink elements from the Link Element window.

Linking elements is discussed in detail in Chapter 8, “Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views.”

3. Navigate to the portal page to investigate the Alerts portlet. You should now see an alert in the portlet.

Selecting the name of the measure referenced in the alert takes you to the Measures table in the offending scorecard.

4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study) 4-79

4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study)

41

ObjectivesDiscuss weighting metric attribute values.

42

Applying Weights to CalculationsYou can apply weights in order to indicate that some measures are more important than others and should receive different weighting for calculations.


43

Applying Weights to CalculationsSAS Strategic Performance Management is extremely flexible in terms of possible calculations. For example, there are several ways to calculate values with weights:

apply a weight value to an element apply a weight value to the Performance metric attributecalculate the weight of all the associated element types


Applying Weights to Measures

The executive staff at Parcel Express wants scorecard performance to reflect the fact that some measures have greater impact on the company’s success than others. Apply weights to measures to reflect their importance, and calculate the overall achievement of a division based on a weighted performance.

1. Create a new scorecard by making a copy of the Beaverton scorecard. The new scorecard is a child of the Corporate scorecard and is used to illustrate weighting. Select the Beaverton scorecard to highlight it. Select Scorecard Copy To… from the menu.

2. The Copy To window opens. Select Corporate so that the new scorecard will be its child. You can supply a name for the new scorecard, or for this exercise, you can accept the default name of Beaverton Copy.


3. In the bottom half of the Copy To window, select the copy options Attribute selections and Select all options below to ensure that the new scorecard is an exact replica of Beaverton.

4. Select . The new scorecard appears in the scorecard hierarchy.

5. Select Project Edit Template… from the toolbar to create some additional metric attributes for the purpose of weight calculations.


The Template Editor window opens. By default, the first item, Project Element Types, is highlighted.

6. Select Metric Attributes in order to create the new metric attributes for weighting. The three metric attributes you created previously are displayed.

7. Select New Metric Attribute. Name the new metric attribute Weight. Select to close the window and create the new attribute.

8. Repeat the process to add two more metric attributes, as shown below.

The Weight metric attribute contains the weight value assigned to an element. The Weighted Performance value is the result of the weight applied to the Performance value. The Associated Weights are used to calculate the weight of all the associated elements.


9. As a means of associating all the measures to a single element and averaging their values, create a new scorecard element type. If you are still in the Template Editor, select Scorecard Element Types. If you closed the Template Editor, select Project Edit Template… from the toolbar. Then select Scorecard Element Types. The scorecard element types that you created previously are displayed.

10. Select New Scorecard Element Type.

11. The New Scorecard Element Type window opens. Assign a name and an optional description to the new element. You can change the image associated with the element if you want. Leave the Diagram settings options set to the defaults.


12. Select . The new element appears.

13. Recall that you previously established relationships among some of the scorecard element types. Establish the relationship between the Measures element type and the Overall achievement element type. Select the Edit icon beside Overall achievement and then select Properties.

The Scorecard Element Type Properties window opens.


14. Expand the Attribute Definition section and then select . Complete the attribute settings as shown below:

15. Select to save the changes.

16. Go to the scorecard that you created for this demonstration and open the Overall achievement element table.

17. Add one element type to the table. Select New Element. The New Element Wizard opens. Enter a name for the new element type.


18. Leave the Time settings options set to the defaults.

19. Select . The second step of the wizard opens.

20. Accept the default value to add the new element in the current scorecard only. Select to save the new element and close the wizard.

The new element appears in the table.


21. Associate all the measures to the overall achievement. Select the Edit icon beside the Overall achievement element. Select Properties from the menu.

22. The Element Properties window opens. Expand the Attributes section of the window.


23. Select the measures in the Available elements section and move them to the Elements linked to section so that they are all associated with overall achievement.

24. Select to save the changes and close the window. A message indicates that the element was updated.

25. Open the Measures element table and enter weights for the measures. Select the Edit icon beside a measure and then select Edit Metric Attributes….


26. The Metric Values, Ranges, and Actions window opens. Enter a value for the Weight metric attribute. Leave the other options set to the defaults.

You might want to create a data entry form to enter values for the Weight metric attribute.


27. Select to save the change. Repeat the process to supply weights for all the measures, as shown below.

The weights do not add up to 100%. Instead, the weights are relative to each other. For example, a measure with a weight of 2 is twice as important as a measure with a weight of 1 in the calculation of the overall achievement.

28. Create a formula to calculate the values of the Weighted Performance metric attribute. In the Measures table, select the Edit icon next to the Weighted Performance column heading. Select Apply Formula… from the menu.

29. The Apply a Formula to a Column window opens. Select . The Formula Editor opens.


30. Select the Data Sources tab, and make sure that the Data Sources value is set to Scorecards. Select the Beaverton Copy scorecard if it is not already highlighted.

31. In the list of measures, select <Current Element>. Select Performance in the Metric Attribute field. Select to add this portion of the formula to the Expression Text field.

32. Select or type an asterisk in the Expression Text field in order to perform multiplication.


33. Change the Metric Attribute value to Weight and then select to complete the formula.

34. Select to save the formula and close the Formula Editor. Select to close the Apply a Formula to a Column window. The calculated values now appear in the Weighted Performance column.

35. Recall that performance values are percentages. Format the Weighted Performance values. Select the Edit icon in the column heading and then select Format Column….

36. The Format Column window opens. Set the format type to Percentage and select 0 decimal places.


37. Select to apply the changes and close the window. The Weighted Performance values now appear as percentages.

The Weighted Performance values do not mean anything on their own. You use them to calculate Overall Performance. You can choose not to display the Weighted Performance column with a column selection, which is discussed in Chapter 5, “Creating and Applying Thresholds, Ranges, and Column Selections.”

38. Open the Overall achievement element table. Apply a formula to the Associated Weights column to calculate the sum of all the weight values. Select the edit icon next to the Associated Weights column heading and select Apply Formula…. The Apply a Formula to a Column window opens. Use a predefined formula to calculate the sum.

39. In the Pre-defined formulas section, select Associated from current element in the Formula field. Select Sum in the Function field. Select Measures to overall achievement in the Attribute field, and Weight in the Metric Attribute field.


40. Select . The formula appears in the Formula definition field.

41. Select to save the changes and close the window. The sum of the weight values appears in the Overall achievement element table.

42. Calculate the performance value for overall achievement by calculating an average of the performance values of the measures. In the Overall achievement table, select the Edit icon in the Performance column heading. Select Apply Formula…. The Apply a Formula to a Column window opens. Use a predefined formula to calculate the average.


43. In the Pre-defined formulas section, select Associated from current element in the Formula field. Select Mean in the Function field. Select Measures to overall achievement in the Attribute field, and select Performance in the Metric Attribute field.

44. Select . The formula appears in the Formula definition field.

45. Select to apply the formula and close the window. The Performance value appears.


46. Calculate the Weighted Performance value. Select the Edit icon beside the Weighted Performance column heading and select Apply Formula. The calculation requires two steps. First, calculate the sum of the measures’ weighted performance. Use a predefined formula, as shown below.

47. Select to complete the formula in the Formula Editor. The predefined formula that was assigned appears in the Expression Text field. Add a division symbol after the existing portion of the formula.


48. Select the Data Sources tab. Select <Current Element> in the Tables field. Select Associated Weights in the Metric Attribute field.

49. Select to complete the formula in the Expression Text field.

50. Select to close the Formula Editor. Select again to close the Apply a Formula to a Column window and to apply the formula.

The Overall achievement element table now reflects two performance calculations: one that takes the measures’ weights into consideration and one that does not. In this example, there is little difference between the two.

Chapter 5 Creating and Applying Ranges and Column Selections 5.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................5-3

5.2 Creating a Range ............................................................................................................5-5

5.3 Creating and Using a Column Selection ....................................................................5-14

5-2 Chapter 5 Creating and Applying Ranges and Column Selections


5.1 Introduction

3

ObjectivesDiscuss the uses of ranges and column selections.

4

Using RangesRanges enable you to plot results against a color-coded scale, which indicates how close your actual results are to your desired results. You can also assign labels, colors, or icons to each range segment.


5

Making Column SelectionsColumn selections specify which metric types are displayed in a table. They also specify the order of those columns, the date, and the content (values, colors, icons, or text).

5.2 Creating a Range 5-5

5.2 Creating a Range

7

ObjectivesCreate a range for the Parcel Express scorecards.

8

Creating a RangeRanges enable you to plot results against a color-coded scale, which indicates how close your actual results are to your desired results. A range is composed of intervals, each of which can be associated with a normalized value, a grade, a label, an icon, and a color.


9

Creating a RangeWhen you define a range, you can set lower and upper bounds and various range segments. The lower and upper bounds dictate the lowest and highest values that SAS Strategic Performance Management will use to draw the graph.

The information is also usedto size each segment of a dashboard graph.

10

Creating a RangeThere are three steps to creating and using a range:1. Create the range.2. Apply the range.3. Create a column selection that displays the range.


Creating a Range

Create and apply a range for the Parcel Express scorecard environment.

1. Select Project from the menu bar and then select Manage Ranges….


2. The Manage Ranges window opens. Select .

3. The New Range window opens. Enter a name for the range and, optionally, add a description.

A range can contain several intervals, or subsets of data. A lower bound and an upper bound interval are used to create the spacing of the intervals in a dashboard graph.

Recall that your performance values are percentages. In order to display percentages within a range, you must specify the interval boundaries as decimal values.


4. Define the intervals for the range by expanding the Interval Definitions section in the New Range window. Enter the value .45 for the lower boundary of the range in the Boundary value field and select . A label automatically appears for the lower boundary interval.

To delete an interval, select in the Delete column.

5. Choose a color value by selecting the Color Palette icon. Choose an icon by selecting the menu in the Icon field.

6. Add the next interval by entering .60 in the Boundary value field. Select . Choose a label, color, and an icon for this interval.

7. Add additional intervals as shown below, and select labels, colors, and icons for each interval.

Values that fall in either the lower-bound interval or the upper-bound interval are displayed in dashboards. However, the arrow in the dashboard points to the leftmost or rightmost part of the graph.


8. Expand the Special Value Definitions section in the New Range window. This optional section enables you to specify options for missing or unresolved values. (You will not use these options in your range.)

9. Select to ensure that the intervals are valid. A confirmation message appears.

10. Select to close the validation window.

There are two fields in the Interval Definitions section that you did not use: Grade and Normalized Value.

You can enter a letter grade that represents an interval in the Grade field. For example, you might specify the letter grade F for the interval lower boundary interval in this range.

You can enter a value in the Normalized Value field that represents the interval. The normalized value is similar to the grade value, but it must be numeric.

Assume, for example, that a program has three measures. One measure performs very well, a second measure performs adequately, and the third measure performs poorly. If management uses the average of the three metric attributes to determine performance at the goal level, they will see an acceptable performance value and might not notice that one measure performs poorly.

Normalizing the measures’ performance minimizes the effect of the high performing measure on the total calculation and gives a better idea of the true performance of each measure.


11. Select to save the range and close the New Range window. The new range is now listed in the Manage Ranges window.

12. To review or edit the properties of the range, select the range’s name or select the Edit icon beside the name of the range. The Range Properties window opens.


13. To delete a range, select the Edit icon beside the range’s name in the Manage Ranges window. Select Delete… from the menu.

14. You can also copy ranges in the Manage Ranges window. Select . The Copy Range window opens.

15. Select the name of the project in which you will copy a range and select .

16. Select the name of the existing range to be copied and select .

17. Enter a name for the new range. The default name assigned to the new range is the name of the existing scorecard followed by the word Copy. You can also enter an optional description.


18. The interval definitions and their labels, colors, and icons are copied and displayed in the Copy Range window. If special value definitions were defined in the original range, they are also copied.

19. A second range is not needed. Select to cancel the copy.

20. Select to close the Manage Ranges window.


5.3 Creating and Using a Column Selection

13

ObjectivesCreate and use a column selection.

14

Creating a Column SelectionYou can create a column selection to specify the columns to display with an element type in a table view or with a hierarchy view.You can also specify the column in which you want to use a range.

5.3 Creating and Using a Column Selection 5-15

15

Creating a Column SelectionColumn selections enable diverse information to be displayed.

16

Creating a Column SelectionThis column selection enables users to compare current and historical values in order to derive a trend.


17

Creating a Column SelectionBy default, the column selection is available only to its creator. It can be shared to make it available to all users of the project.


Creating and Using a Column Selection

Create a column selection to define the metric types to display and the order in which they will occur and to apply the range you previously created.

1. Select Project from the menu bar and then select Manage Column Selections….

2. The Manage Column Selections window opens. Select the arrow at the end of the List by field to access the menu. Select Element Types, Associations, or General to list the column selections for element types, for associations, or for metric attributes that will be displayed in aggregate tables.


3. Select General and . Notice that four column selections were created automatically.

The predefined General column selections correspond to the metric attributes that you defined.

4. Select New to continue. The New Column Selection window opens.


5. In the General section of the window, enter a name for the column selection. You also have the option of entering a description. Notice the option that enables you to share the column selection with other users. (You will not share the column selection for this training course.)

6. Expand the Definition section of the window. Select the value Element Types for the List by field if it is not already selected by default. Select . Select the value Measures for the Selection based on field.

The Element Types option is a column selection that is available only for a specific element type and only in the main table view. For example, a column selection defined for Goals is not available for any other element types and is available for the table view only.

Two additional options are available for a hierarchy. You can use them to apply a column selection to the elements in a table view or to the associations in an association view. You can also create a column selection that is not connected to element types or associations. The General column selection is used to display metric attributes in aggregate tables.


7. Select . Wait for the screen to refresh.

8. In the Available attributes section, highlight the metric attribute Actual. Select to move the value to the Attribute options section. You can enter a label for the Actual metric attribute or accept the default label, which is the name of the metric attribute. Accept the default value of Value for the Display options field, and accept the default value for the Date options field.


The available choices for the Display options field are metric attribute values, range colors, range grades, range icons, range labels, and range normalized values. The final selection is a trend arrow. The Trend Arrow function looks at the metric attribute value for the current month and compares it to the previous month to determine whether the value is trending up, down, or constant.

Under Date options, Selected date uses the current date as its value. Date enables you to select a date value from the calendar. With Relative period, you can specify a time period rather than a specific date. For example, to use the previous time period, enter -1. Parcel Express uses month as the time period, so a value of -1 refers to the previous month.

9. Repeat the process to add the Target and Performance metric attributes to the Attribute options section.


10. Add the Performance metric attribute to the Attribute options section a second time. Assign a different label value, and select the option Range Icon in the Display options field. This column displays the range icons, so you can see how the division is performing.

Options above the names of the metric attributes in the Attribute options section enable you to change the order of the metric attributes and delete a metric attribute from the column selection. To use the options, select the check box to the right of the name of the metric attribute and then select the appropriate option.

11. Select to apply the changes and close the Edit Column Selection window. Select to close the Manage Column Selections window.


12. To apply the column selection, select the menu for Column selection above the Measure metric attribute table in the Beaverton scorecard. Select the column selection that you created and select

.

The column selection is applied.

13. To display the range icons in the Performance Range column, select the Edit icon in that column and select Apply Range….


14. The Apply a Range to a Column window opens. Select the name of the range that you created from the Range menu. Accept the default date option Display date to the last date of the element’s lifetime. Select .

The range is applied, and the Apply a Range to a Column window closes.

Recall that you can sort the elements in a table in either ascending or descending order based on any of the columns displayed. You can even sort by the icons displayed for a range. Select the Performance Range column heading. Initially, the rows are sorted in ascending order, as evidenced by the icons associated with the interval boundaries of the range. Selecting the Performance Range column heading a second time sorts the measures in descending order.

Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards 6.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................6-3

6.2 Displaying Element Associations .................................................................................6-5

6.3 Displaying Dashboards................................................................................................6-19

6-2 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards


6.1 Introduction

3

ObjectivesDiscuss element associations, dashboard diagrams, and alerts.

4

Element AssociationsAn association displays relationships between scorecard element types and their associated attributes in a project and displays the elements in an association.


5

DashboardsYou can use dashboards to display ranges in a graphical format.

6

AlertsYou can receive threshold alerts on the portal page.

6.2 Displaying Element Associations 6-5

6.2 Displaying Element Associations

8

ObjectivesDisplay associations in the Parcel Express project.

9

Displaying Element AssociationsAssociation views enable you to see the associations previously defined between elements.Association views can also help you determine whether you have enough measures to support each goal.


10

Displaying AssociationsA wizard simplifies the process of creating an element association view.


Displaying Associations

Display an element association view in Parcel Express’ Corporate scorecard.

1. Select the Association icon on the toolbar.

2. A message indicates that there are no associations for this project.

3. Select the Manage Associations item on the toolbar.

4. The Manage Associations window opens. Select .

The New Association Wizard opens. There are five steps to create an association.


5. Name the association and, optionally, supply a description. In a typical project, you might have several associations; it is beneficial to give them meaningful names.

6. Select . Specify the element type to display at the top level of the association. Select Goals.


7. Select . Select the attribute that is next in the association. Recall that you previously associated element types. The associated element type is the only option that appears in the Attribute menu. In this case, the element type is Programs.

8. Select . The program element type is added to the association.

The only available value for the Attribute field is displayed; the element type that was associated with Programs is Measures.


9. Select to add the Measures element type to the association.

There are no more element types in the menu for the Attribute field. These are the three for which you previously established associations.

10. Select . Specify how values in the association are summarized.

11. You can display the totals and subtotals of rows in the association. You can also apply functions to the totals and subtotals. For this exercise, accept the defaults.

12. Select . The fifth and final step in the wizard is the summary page. Verify your selections and select to close the New Association Wizard.

The new association appears in the Manage Associations window.


13. Select to exit the Manage Associations window. By default, the new association is created in both the Corporate scorecard and the Beaverton scorecard. The association is displayed in the Corporate scorecard when you close the Manage Associations window.

14. Expand the levels within the association in order to see the relationships between the element types. You can expand the levels one at a time by selecting beside the level.

To expand all the levels at one time, select the Expand All option.


When all levels are expanded, you can see the selected scorecard element types and their relationships in a single display. Recall that no metric attribute values are created for the Corporate scorecard at this point.

15. Switch from the Corporate scorecard to the Beaverton scorecard. The metric attributes you entered previously are displayed for the measures in the association.


16. Perhaps management wants to see the performance values and performance icons in the association. You previously created a column selection that displays both. Access the drop-down list for Column selection above the association.

There are five default column selections: one for each metric attribute, one for all metric attributes, and the default of no column selection. The column selection that you created in Chapter 5 is not available for the association because column selections are specific to element types. The column selection you created earlier for the Measures element table is not available for an association. Create a new column selection for the association.

17. Select Project Manage Column Selections….

18. In the Manage Column Selections window, select Associations as the value in the List by field and then select .


19. There are no column selections for associations, so select . In the General options section of the New Column Selection window, supply a name for the column selection.

20. In the Definition section, select the Performance attribute twice. For the first Performance column, leave all the options set to the default values. In the second Performance column, specify a different label, and select Range Icon as the value in the Display options field.

21. Select to save the changes and to close the New Column Selection window, and then select

to close the Manage Column Selections window.


22. Return to the association, and choose the column selection you created.

23. Select . The column selection is applied to the association.


Managing Associations

You can make copies of an existing association and edit its properties.

1. Select the Manage Associations option above the name of the association.

2. The Manage Associations window opens and the new association is listed. Select the Edit icon beside the name of the association and then select Copy….

The Copy window opens. You can assign a name and an optional description to the new association.

3. You do not need a copy of the original association. Select to close the Copy window.


4. You can edit the properties of an existing association. Select the Edit icon beside the name of the association in the Manage Associations window and select Properties.

5. The Association Properties window opens. You can change the association’s name and description in the General options.

6. You can change the levels in an association by adding or deleting attributes in the Association Definition section.


7. You can edit the subtotaling and totaling options as well as the metric type attribute functions in the Subtotaling and Totaling section. Select the option Include totals. Select Programs and Measures under the option Include subtotals for. Specify functions for the metric attributes as shown below.

8. Select to apply the changes, and then select to exit the Manage Associations window.

9. The association now includes the subtotals and totals requested. Recall that you entered metric attribute values only for Measures; there are no subtotals for Programs and no total for Goals.

In the association view, the existing subtotals are calculated based on the metric attribute values for each measure associated with a program.

6.3 Displaying Dashboards 6-19

6.3 Displaying Dashboards

13

ObjectivesAdd a dashboard to the portal.Add an alert portlet to the portal.

14

Displaying a DashboardA dashboard can be displayed as a dial, a slider, or a stoplight. By default, the dashboard is displayed as a dial.


15

Displaying a DashboardA dashboard displays data ranges in graphical format.In addition to ranges, you can display comments, history data, threshold icons, element properties, and the range values from a dashboard.

16

Receiving an AlertWhen you assign thresholds, you can also choose to receive warnings in a portlet on the portal page.


Displaying Dashboards in the Project

Display a dashboard in the Parcel Express project to graphically display performance.

1. To see your data in dashboard form, select the Dashboards icon within the Beaverton scorecard.

Dashboards are displayed for the element type that was selected at the time you chose the Dashboards icon. Make sure that the Measures element type is displayed because it is the only element for which you entered metric attribute values. Although each measure’s performance is represented by a dashboard, the dashboards might not reflect the data range that you created previously.


2. Set the value in the Metric Attribute field to Performance and select . The performance metric attribute is the only attribute to which the range was applied. Color coding should now appear in the dashboards.


Customizing a Dashboard

You can change the default settings of a dashboard and specify your preferences. Investigate the settings for the dashboards that you surfaced in the Beaverton scorecard.

1. Select the Customize option above the Element type field.

The Customize window opens.


2. Expand each section of options. The Graph Type and Indicators section enables you to choose the graph type and a secondary indicator.

3. The Threshold Display options enable you to apply thresholds to the dashboards.

4. The Additional Information Display options enable you to link to historical trends, comments, and element properties from a dashboard and to display the range values in the dashboards. Your dashboards already have access established for trend charts and comments. Select the check box by the Properties option and the one by the Range Values option as well.

Selecting the Historical Trend Chart option displays the Historical Trend Chart icon in the dashboard and links to the historical trend chart for the selected element type. Selecting the Comments option displays the Comment icon in the dashboard and opens the comments that are related to the selected element type. Selecting the Properties option displays the Properties icon on the dashboard and displays the properties of the selected element.

You can remove the links by deselecting the options.


The Size, Rows, and Columns options enable you to change the size of the dashboards, and the Rows and Columns options enable you to specify how many rows and columns to enable for the display of dashboards. Change the value for the Columns option to 5.

5. Select to apply changes and close the Customize window. Now five dashboards are displayed per row. The dashboards have icons for trend charts, comments, and properties, and display the range values.

You might want to modify the options to make the dashboards easy to read and informative.

6. Select the icon for the historical trend on a dashboard.


7. The Historical Trend graph opens for the measure that you selected. By default, the Period option displays the most recent time period. You can choose a different time period from the drop-down menu. In this example, data was entered for two time periods. Three data points indicate the metric attribute values that you entered.

8. Select the Customize option. The Customize Historical Trend options appear. You can specify which metric attributes and how many time periods to display.


9. Accept the default settings and close the Historical Trend window.

10. Select the Properties icon in a dashboard.

The Element Properties window opens and displays the properties for the measure whose dashboard you selected.

11. Select or to close the Element Properties window.

Skip the Comment icon for now. Comments and additional ways to customize the look of the dashboards are discussed in detail in Chapter 9, “Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences.”


Adding a Performance Dashboard Portlet

Display dashboards on the portal page.

1. Navigate back to the portal page in order to add a dashboard portlet. Select the Portal link in the upper-left corner of the page.

2. On the portal page, select Current Page Edit Content….


The Edit Page Content window opens.

3. Select . The Add Portlets to Page window opens.

4. Select the option Performance Dashboard from the menu in the Portlet type field.


5. Enter a name in the Name field. You can also add an optional description and keywords.

6. Select . A message opens and to notifies you that the portlet was added.

7. Select . In the Edit Page Content window, move the new portlet to column 2.


8. Select . The portlet now appears on the portal page but must be edited for content. Select Edit Portlet….

The Edit Performance Dashboard Portlet window opens. The General section of the window contains the name, description, and keywords for the portlet that you entered.

9. The next section of the window, the View Selection, enables you to specify the template that you want to use and the element type that you want to display. Select the Parcel Express Template and the Measures element type.

There are currently no items to display in the portlet.


10. Select . The Add Items to Portlet window opens. Select the name of your project in the Project name field, if necessary, and select the Beaverton scorecard in the Scorecards section. In the Items section, choose a few measures to display.

There are Select All and Clear All options at the bottom of the Items panel.

11. Select . The measures that you selected appear in the Items to display in portlet panel. You can change the order of the measures by using the boxes and arrows at the right side of the panel.

The Element Filter panel gives you the option to filter the elements that will be displayed in the portlet. The default value for the Show option is No Filter.


You can apply filters that are based on thresholds to determine which elements will be displayed in the portlet. Notice the options that are available for the filter.

12. Leave the Filter option set to the default of No Filter.

The Graph Display Options is the last section of the Edit Performance Dashboard Portlet window.


In the Graph Type section, you can change the graph type as well as the size of the graph.

The Rows and Columns section enables you to specify the number of rows and columns for display.

13. In the Indicators section, select Performance as the value in the Primary indicator field. Do not select the Show secondary indicator option.

Displaying a secondary indicator is helpful only if the secondary indicator is on the same scale, or normalized, with the primary indicator.

With the Date options, you can choose to display the most current data or to always have the dashboards appear with data for a particular date.


The Text options enable you to control how text associated with the dashboard appears.

The Icons section enables you to specify if you want Threshold, Historical Trend, or Comments icons to appear.


The Language option enables you to specify the language to use for display.

14. Select . The Edit Performance Dashboard Portlet window closes, and the dashboards appear in the portlet.

Notice the trend arrows on each dashboard. SAS Strategic Performance Management compares the current time period to the previous time period in order to determine the trend.

Selecting a measure name in a dashboard takes you to the Measures element type table in the appropriate scorecard.

Chapter 7 Creating Diagrams 7.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................7-3

7.2 Creating a Diagram.........................................................................................................7-7

7.3 Editing a Diagram .........................................................................................................7-12

7-2 Chapter 7 Creating Diagrams


7.1 Introduction

3

ObjectivesDiscuss diagrams and their components.

4

Defining DiagramsA diagram is a graphical way of representing elements, their relationships to one another, and their respective scores.A diagram is a way to represent the same quantitative information found in tables but in a much more intuitive and communicative way. It allows for the representation of results in the context of the strategy, and provides answers not only to the question “How well are we doing?” but also to the question “Why is this important?”


5

Defining DiagramsDiagrams can be based on project element types or scorecard element types.

6

Diagram Components Diagrams can contain two layers: a data node layer and a shape layer.

Any of the objects in a diagram can be made interactive by associating a URL with it.


7

Diagram Components The data node layer in a diagram consists primarily of nodes that represent the elements in a scorecard or a project and their associations.

A data node contains all of the data and metadata that are associated with an element, such as its labels, attributes, associations, and values.

You can display any or all of the metric attributes of an element type in a data node.

8

Diagram Components The shape layer consists of shapes, text, and images and sections. Both shapes and sections can be used to contain the data nodes in order to better represent the data.


9

Diagram ComponentsSections are movable and resizable rectangles that are bound to an element and that can be used to organize nodes in a diagram.

10

Using Diagrams to Edit Scorecard Data You can edit the underlying scorecard data by adding, changing, and deleting elements in a diagram.

You can also establish associations between elements within a diagram.

7.2 Creating a Diagram 7-7

7.2 Creating a Diagram

12

ObjectivesCreate a diagram for the Parcel Express scorecard project.

13

Creating Diagrams Create a diagram that illustrates part of the organization’s strategy.


Creating a Diagram

Navigate to the Beaverton scorecard within the Parcel Express project and create a diagram.

1. To create a diagram, select the Diagram icon on the toolbar.

Recall that you created a diagram named Associations to assign element associations in Chapter 4, “Adding Data to the Scorecard.” The existing diagram appears by default when you select the Diagram icon.


2. Select New Diagram on the toolbar to create another diagram.

The New Diagram Wizard opens.

There are four steps in the New Diagram Wizard.

3. Specify a name for the new diagram.


4. Select . Select the element types that you want to display in the diagram. For now, leave the element types blank. You can add or modify the element types in a diagram at any time.

5. Select . Select the associations between the element types. Because you did not select any element types to display, there are no associations to select.

6. Select . The final step in the wizard is a confirmation page.


7. Review your selections and select .

8. To see the new diagram, select its name in the list of diagrams in the Manage Diagrams window.

9. The diagram opens in a default state. Recall that you did not select any element types to display, so the diagram is currently empty.

You must edit the diagram to make it readable and useful.


7.3 Editing a Diagram

16

ObjectivesEdit the diagram that you previously created.

17

Editing Diagrams You can use the Diagram Editor to change the appearance of a diagram and to create new associations.

7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-13

18

Editing Diagrams In a diagram, you can edit the following:

data nodeslinkscontainersflexible linestext boxesimage boxessectionsshapesdiagram settings


Editing a Diagram

Edit the diagram that you created in the previous section.

1. Select the Manage Diagrams option on the toolbar.

2. Select the Edit icon beside the diagram’s name and choose Edit….

The Diagram Editor opens. Edit the diagram to add information and to make it easier to read and interpret.

3. Add a background image to the diagram. Select the Shapes option on the menu bar and then select New Image.


The Select Image window opens.

4. Expand the folder named /images/customer. Select the image named Oregon-roadmap2.gif.

5. Drag and resize the image so that it evenly fills the Diagram Editor. You might find it helpful to reduce the size of the image of the diagram from 100% to 75%. Change the value in the Zoom menu option on the tool bar of the Diagram Editor.


6. Leave some blank space between the top of the Diagram Editor and the image so that you can insert text later.

7. Add an element type to the diagram. Select Elements Show/Hide… from the menu.


8. The Edit Element Types and Elements window opens. Select the Programs element type. If you double-click on the element name, its folder expands to display a list of all the program elements. You can choose to display all the elements or only some of them.

9. Accept the default to add all the programs to the diagram. Select OK. The element types are added to the diagram in no particular order.


Editing Element Type Properties

1. Move the elements so that they are not overlapping. Because only the text of the elements is displayed, the elements are difficult to read when moved onto the map. Change the properties of the elements so that the text is displayed within a shape. Select Elements Element Type Properties Programs.

2. The Element Type Properties window opens. Select the Appearance tab and select Rectangle for the element shape.


3. Retain the defaults of the other options. Select OK. The elements now appear inside rectangles.

4. You can apply background colors to the rectangles. To apply the background color of your choice, select Elements Element Type Properties Programs from the menus. The Element Type Properties window opens. Select the Appearance tab. Notice the Colors section at the bottom of the window. You can change the border color of the rectangle as well as its foreground and background colors.


5. Rather than applying static background colors to the element shapes, apply threshold colors that indicate how well the organization is performing. Select the Contents tab in the Element Type Properties window.

6. In the Elements and attributes section at the top of the window, select Performance in the Show metric attributes field. At the bottom of the window, choose the option Show range color as object background color. Choose the Performance metric attribute in the Base background color on metric attribute field. Select OK to apply your selections.

You chose to display the range color for the performance metric attribute as the background color for the program element types. However, you did not yet establish a performance value for the program element type. Save the changes to the diagram and close the Diagram Editor.

Using a Formula to Calculate Values

1. Select the Tables icon on the toolbar.


2. Select Programs in the Element type field, select Performance in the Column selection field, and select Go.

3. Select the Edit icon beside the Performance column heading and choose Apply Formula… from the menu.


The Apply a Formula to a Column window opens.

4. Use one of the pre-defined formulas to calculate the performance values. In the Predefined formulas section of the Apply a Formula to a Column window, select Associated to current element in the Formula field. Choose Mean for the Function field.

When you supplied the value for the Formula field, a value was automatically supplied in the Attribute field. Recall that the attribute is one of two attributes that you assigned to the program element type in the template.


5. Choose Performance as the value in the Metric Attribute field. Leave the date options set to the default value.

6. Select Add Predefined Formula to apply the formula to the performance column. Select OK to close the window and calculate the performance values.

Creating a Column Selection

Create a column selection that displays range colors for the program performance values.

1. Select Project Manage Column Selections.


2. The Manage Column Selections window opens. Select Element Types in the List by field in order to create a column selection that applies to a scorecard element type. Select Go.

3. Select New to create a new column selection. The New Column Selection window opens.

4. Enter a name for the new column selection and, if desired, an optional description in the General section of the window.

5. Expand the Definition section of the window. In the List by field, select Element Types and select Go. In the Selection based on field, select Programs and select Go.

6. In the Available attributes window, select the Performance metric attribute and select Add to move the metric attribute to the Attribute options field.


7. Change the value in the Display options field to Range Color. Optionally, you can change the default label for the performance metric attribute.

8. Select OK to create and save the column selection.

9. Close the Manage Column Selections window and return to the Programs table. Apply the new column selection and select Go.

10. The range colors now appear in the Performance column.


Editing Element Type Properties

1. Open the Diagram Editor. Range colors now appear as the background colors for the Program element types. If Range icons appear on the data nodes, you can suppress them by selecting File Diagram Settings in the Diagram Editor.

2. The Edit Diagram Properties window opens. Deselect the option Show indicators to suppress the range indicators.

3. Select OK to save the change.


4. Modify the diagram further to display the performance values as well as the range colors and to hide the Element icon so that it does not appear in the data nodes.

5. Select Elements Element Type Properties Programs. The Element Type Properties window opens. Select Performance in the Show metric attributes field in order to display performance values within the data nodes. Select Hide element type icon to suppress the program element type icon. Select OK to save the changes.

The edits caused the amount of information in the data nodes to change; some of the text appears outside of the data node rectangles. Also, the Performance icon you previously assigned to the performance range appears in the data nodes.


6. To suppress the Performance icon, select File Diagram Settings. The Edit Diagram Properties window opens. Deselect the Show indicators option and select OK.

7. You can change the size of a single data node by right-clicking on the node. Select Properties from the menu. The Edit Element window opens. Change the value in the Width and Height fields so that the size of the node accommodates the text inside it. Select OK to apply the change. You might need to experiment to find height and width values that are appropriate.


8. To change the width and height values of all the data nodes, select Elements Element Type Properties Programs. The Element Type Properties window opens. Choose the Appearance tab, and deselect the Size to fit option. Enter values for the Width and Height fields; notice that the width and height values are measured in pixels. You might need to experiment to obtain appropriate values.

9. Select OK to save the changes to the diagram.

Adding a Diagram Title

1. Add a title to the diagram. Select Shapes New Text. The Enter Text window opens. Enter the company name as the title.

2. Select OK to apply the title. The title can be added anywhere in the diagram. Drag it to the top of the Diagram Editor window.


3. Modify the appearance of the title by double-clicking on it. You can also right-click on the title and select Edit from the menu. The Shape properties window opens.

4. Select the Appearance tab. Change the value of the Foreground color option to apply a color to the text. Change the value of the Font option to increase the size of the text. You can also change the style, width, and color of the border of the text box.

5. Select the HTML tab, and enter the URL http://www.sas.com in the Hyperlink field.

6. From the Position tab, you can change the position, alignment and depth of the title.

7. Select to apply the changes. Make any final modifications to the diagram, save it, and close the diagram editor window. Select the diagram in the Beaverton scorecard to view it and test the URL you associated with the diagram title.


Making Additional Modifications to Diagrams

1. You can add sections to a diagram by selecting an element type whose values will represent sections. In the Diagram Editor, select Sections Add Sections….

2. The Add Sections window opens. Select an element type and drag it to the Diagram Editor to create sections. If you drag the folder to the Diagram Editor, all the elements are added to the diagram. Alternatively, you can double-click on the folder and drag only certain elements to the Diagram Editor. After dragging the elements to the Diagram Editor, close the Add Sections window.

Each element represents a section in the Diagram Editor.


3. Edit a section by right-clicking inside it and selecting Edit. The Shape properties window opens. The changes that you can make from within the Shape properties window are as follows.

Name for Language The text that is typed here is the label that accompanies the container in the diagram. There is a Name for Language field for each language that you defined.

Foreground color This property applies to any text that is associated with the container. For black text, leave the cell empty. To select a color, click the Color button and select a color from the palette, or type a hex value for the color. Move the slider to select a saturation value (transparency), or type a value in the field to the left of the slider.

Background color The region inside the boundaries of the container is filled with the background that is selected here. To select a color, click the Color button and select a color from the palette, or type a hex value for the color. Move the slider to select a saturation value (transparency), or type a value in the field next to the slider.

Use Gradient This property specifies a gradient in the background color. Click the Color button and select a color from the palette, or type a hex value for the color in the Background Color2 field. Move the slider to select a saturation value (transparency), type a value in the field next to the slider, or click the arrows in the field next to the slider to increase or decrease the saturation value. Click the Gradient button to determine the direction of the gradient.

Font This property applies to any text that is associated with the container. To use the default font, leave the cell empty. To select a font, click the Font button and select a font, font style, and font size.

Left This is the distance in pixels between the left border of the container and the left border of the diagram.

Top This is the distance in pixels between the top border of the container and the top border of the diagram.

Width This is the width of the container in pixels. You can change the width by dragging the handles of the container or by typing a different number here.

Height This is the height of the container in pixels. You can change the height by dragging the handles of the container or by typing a different number here.

X Alignment The position of any associated text along the horizontal axis is controlled by this setting. The available choices are Left, Center, and Right.

Y Alignment The position of any associated text along the vertical axis is controlled by this setting. The available choices are Top, Center, and Bottom.

Text Orientation The orientation of any associated text is controlled by this setting. The available choices are Horizontal and Vertical.


Border Style The border of the container has the style that is selected here. Select a style from the drop-down list. The differences between the border styles become more apparent as the border width increases.

Border Width The border of the container has the width that is specified here. Type the width of the border in pixels.

Border Color The border of the container has the color that is selected here. For a black border, leave the cell empty. To select a color, click the Color button and select a color from the palette, or type a hex value for the color. Move the slider to select a saturation value (transparency), or type a value in the field next to the slider.

Depth If a container overlaps another container, a flexible line, a text box, or an image, then the object with the greater depth setting is eclipsed by the object with the smaller depth setting. To specify a depth, type an integer between -1000 and 1000.

Hyperlink If you type a URL in this field, then clicking this container displays the Web page that is designated by the URL.

Hyperlink Target This parameter sets the value of the TARGET attribute for the specified URL. This attribute determines how the designated content is displayed.

HTML If you specify a JavaScript command in this field, the command is active in the displayed diagram. For example, if you enter the command on-mouseover=alert('Revenue Growth'), then the message "Revenue Growth" is displayed in a pop-up box when a user moves the mouse pointer over this container.

As you edit a diagram in the Diagram Editor, you can undo changes. If you did not save the change to a diagram, you can cancel the change by selecting File Revert to Saved. The last saved version of the diagram is displayed.


7. You can sort element types into sections. For example, if you add the Programs element types to the diagram, you can sort them into the appropriate sections based on the association you established between programs and goals. Right-click on a program element type. From the menu, select the option Sort All of This Type By Attribute.

8. The Sort window opens. Select the attribute on which you want to sort the program elements. In this scenario, the only available attribute is Goals supported by Programs. Select Goals supported by Programs so that it is highlighted.

9. Select OK to apply the change.

A confirmation dialog box opens and warns that sorting the elements will change the diagram.

10. Select . The elements are sorted into the appropriate sections.


Displaying and Editing Elements and Data Nodes

1. To hide an element, select Elements Show/Hide in the Diagram Editor. The Edit Element Types and Elements window opens. Expand the element type folder to see a list of all the elements. Deselect any elements that you want to exclude from the diagram.

You can also hide an element by right-clicking on it in the diagram editor and selecting Hide.


2. You can delete elements from within a diagram. To delete an element, right-click on it and select Delete from the menu. A dialog box warns that deleting the data node deletes the element from the element type table and asks for confirmation.

Hiding or showing elements in a diagram does not affect the underlying data. Be aware, however, that when you delete a data node from a diagram, you delete the underlying element and all values for the element in the database for the scorecard.

3. You can add a new element to an element type table from within a diagram. Select Elements New….

4. The New Element window opens. Select an element type and a time period type.

5. Select OK. The new element appears as a data node in the diagram.


6. Right-click on the new element and select Properties. The New Element window opens. You can enter the name of the new element and specify its association to another element type.

7. You can apply a shape other than those provided to an element. Select Elements Element Type Properties. Select an element type. The Element Type Properties window opens. Select the Appearance tab. Rather than selecting a value for the Element shape field from the menu,

select .

The Select Drawing window opens and provides access to an images folder. You can upload your own images to the images folder and use them within the diagram.

8. Select to close the Select Drawing window.


9. You can specify how the text should fit in the data node, change the border of the node, and specify colors. The default background color is white.


10. Edit element associations by selecting Elements Associations in the Diagram Editor. The Edit Associations window opens. Expand the element type folders to see and select associations.

Creating and Editing Links

Links depict associations between data nodes. The associations are represented by lines in the diagram.

You can create links between elements within a diagram and thereby establish associations. If the association is defined between a source node and a target node, you can build a link between the two. Recall that you defined associations in the template in Chapter 3, “Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards.” You used the Diagram Editor to assign associations among individual elements in Chapter 4, “Adding Data to the Scorecard.”


1. You can edit the appearance of the links in a diagram. Select File Link Settings.

The Edit Link Properties window opens.

You can set the color, type, style, and width of the link. You can also assign a value to each end of the link and assign colors to the ends.


2. You can add additional points to a line. Right-click on one end of a link and select Link Insert Point.

When the additional point is added to the line, you can move the point in order to change the shape of the link.

3. To delete a point, right-click on one end of the link and select Link Delete Point.

Saving, Copying and Exporting a Diagram

1. You can copy a diagram from one scorecard to another within a project. Copy the diagram you created in the Beaverton scorecard to the Corporate scorecard. In the Diagram Editor, select File Copy Diagram….


The Select Scorecards for Diagram Copy window opens.

The Replace existing option enables you to replace a diagram by the same name if it exists in the scorecard to which you are copying a diagram.

2. Double-click on the name of the Corporate scorecard to expand the scorecard hierarchy. Select the Corporate scorecard to highlight it.


3. Select . A message appears when the copy is complete.

4. To export a diagram, select File Export in the Diagram Editor. The Save window opens so that you can save the diagram to an external location.


Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views 8.1 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy...........................................................8-3

8.2 Alternative Methods for Populating a Scorecard ......................................................8-21

8.3 Displaying Aggregate Tables.......................................................................................8-30

8-2 Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views

8.1 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy 8-3

8.1 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy

3

ObjectivesExplain the concept of a scorecard hierarchy and the importance of planning a hierarchy.Identify the operations that you can perform on a scorecard.Create two child scorecards.Rename a child scorecard.Delete a child scorecard.Reorder and move scorecards within a hierarchy.

4

Planning a Scorecard HierarchyBefore you create the scorecards, it is important to plan the hierarchy of the scorecards to be created for your organization.


5

Parcel Express: Planning a Scorecard HierarchyParcel Express created two scorecards:

a parent scorecard named Corporatea child scorecard named Beaverton

These will be used to strategically monitor and manage key business information at both the corporate and division levels.

6

Parcel Express: Planning a Scorecard HierarchyIn addition to a division office in Beaverton, Oregon, Parcel Express decided to add division offices in Boise, Idaho and Seattle, Washington.All three division offices will reflect the corporate goals and measures.


7

Creating a Scorecard and a Scorecard HierarchyWithin a project, you can create the following:

a single scorecardparent, child, and sibling scorecards

When you create multiple scorecards in a project, they are added into a scorecard hierarchy within that project.

8

Copying, Deleting, and Moving a ScorecardYou can copy, delete, rename, and move a scorecard to change its relationship within the scorecard hierarchy.


9

Deleting a ScorecardYou can delete a scorecard from within the scorecard hierarchy.Beware that if you delete the parent scorecard, you also delete all the child scorecards.


Creating, Deleting, and Renaming Child and Sibling Scorecards

Creating Child and Sibling Scorecards Create scorecards for the Seattle and Boise offices of Parcel Express. A scorecard for the corporate office and a scorecard for the Beaverton, Oregon office of Parcel Express were already created.

The Beaverton scorecard is a child scorecard of the parent Corporate. This is reflected in the hierarchical display. Corporate appears at the root level, while Beaverton is indented. Values and formulas were entered into the Beaverton Measures table.

Beaverton was created with the stipulation that it inherit element data from Corporate.

1. To create a scorecard named Boise, select Beaverton in the scorecard hierarchy.

2. Select Scorecard Copy To....


3. The Copy To window opens. Select a location for your scorecard. Ultimately, this scorecard will be a child of the Corporate scorecard. However, you want the Boise scorecard to inherit the values that are in the Beaverton scorecard. Create Boise as a child of Beaverton initially. Highlight Beaverton in the Location tree.

4. In the next section of the window, enter Boise as the scorecard’s name.

5. The next section of the Copy To window is Copy Options. These options enable you to select specific

attributes to copy from the existing scorecard to the new scorecard. The Boise scorecard is to be an exact replica of the Beaverton scorecard, so be sure to select all of the options.

Recall that the option Automatic creation of links between elements is available only if the copy is a child of the current scorecard.


6. Select to complete the copy process. The Boise scorecard appears in the Scorecard hierarchy. You might need to refresh the view of the hierarchy in order see the new scorecard. Select the Refresh icon on the toolbar.

Beaverton was copied to create the Boise scorecard. Boise is to be a replica of Beaverton in many aspects. Copying attributes from Beaverton to Boise means that the attributes do not have to be re-created in the future, which saves time and effort. You might find it useful to copy scorecards if they share similarities. Editing a copied scorecard might be simpler than creating a new scorecard.

7. Select Boise to open the scorecard and verify that it inherited elements from Beaverton. Open the Measures table. The metric attribute values and formulas were copied. However, you might need to calculate the project in order for the Performance metric attribute values to be generated and displayed. Select Project Calculate….


8. The Calculate window opens. For this example, you can leave the options set to the defaults.

9. Select Calculate. An information window opens with a message about the calculation.

10. Close the window and select the Refresh icon to see the Performance values in the Boise scorecard.


11. Create a scorecard for the Seattle office. Make the Seattle scorecard a replica of the Beaverton scorecard also, but make it a child of Corporate in the scorecard hierarchy. Select Beaverton and choose Scorecard Copy To….

You can also copy a scorecard by selecting the scorecard that you want to copy and then selecting Scorecard New Scorecard…. However, not all features of the original scorecard are copied to the new scorecard.

12. The Copy To window opens. Highlight Corporate to make it the parent of the Seattle scorecard. Specify a name for the new scorecard.

13. In the Copy Options section of the Copy To window, select all available options.

The Automatic creation of links between elements option is not available because Seattle is not a child of the scorecard that you copied.


14. Select . The Seattle scorecard appears in the scorecard hierarchy.

Moving Scorecards within a Hierarchy The Boise scorecard should be a child of the Corporate scorecard. Move the scorecard within the hierarchy to correctly reflect the Parcel Express organization.

1. Select the Boise scorecard in the hierarchy, and select Scorecard Move To….

2. The Move window opens. Select the Corporate scorecard to indicate that Boise will become its

child.


3. Select to complete the process. Boise now appears as a child of Corporate in the scorecard hierarchy.

Linking Elements Recall that while both the Boise and Seattle scorecards are copies of the Beaverton scorecard, Boise was initially created as a child of Beaverton and Seattle was created as a child of Corporate. The primary difference between the two is that the Seattle scorecard did not get the automatic creation of links between its elements and the scorecard elements of its parent. The option to create the links between elements was not available because Seattle was not created as a child of the scorecard that you copied.

1. To determine the impact of the links between elements, open the Measures table in the Seattle scorecard.

The Seattle scorecard received a copy of the metric attribute values, formulas, and the threshold established in the Beaverton scorecard.


2. Open the Measures table in the Corporate scorecard to verify which scorecard elements are linked to the parent scorecard.

3. Select the threshold flag in the Performance column. The Threshold Conditions window opens.

Only the Beaverton and Boise scorecards appear because the Seattle elements are not linked to the Corporate elements.


4. To establish a link between a measure in the Seattle scorecard and the Corporate scorecard, open the Measures table in the Seattle scorecard. Select the Edit icon beside the measure Average number of packages lost. Select Link Element….

5. The Link Element window opens. Select the Corporate scorecard so that the measure in Seattle will

be linked to Corporate. Specify the element in the Corporate scorecard to which you want to link the measure in the Seattle scorecard. Select the same measure, Average number of packages lost, in the Link to element field.

You can also unlink elements.


6. Select to complete the process and close the Link Element window. An information window confirms that the measure is now linked.

7. Open the Measures table in the Corporate scorecard, and select the threshold flag. Now the Threshold

Conditions window displays all three child scorecards.

8. Select to close the Threshold Conditions window.


Deleting, Renaming, and Copying Child and Sibling Scorecards The corporate office reconsidered the viability of starting three division offices. They decided to shift the Boise office to Eugene, Oregon, and to eliminate plans entirely for the Seattle office. You can delete one of the scorecards and rename the other.

The retirement of a business unit might occur frequently. However, in the interest of preserving historical data, you might not want to delete a business unit. Instead, you might want to do one of the following: • alter users’ permissions so that no one can write to the retired scorecard anymore, ensuring that

the data does not change. • modify the effective dates of each element for this scorecard, so that each ends after a certain

date. This way, the elements remain for the period in which the scorecard was effective and disappear after that.

1. To delete the Seattle scorecard, select Seattle in the scorecard hierarchy and select Scorecard Delete.

A warning appears.

2. Select OK to complete the operation.


3. To rename the Boise scorecard, select Boise Scorecard Properties.

The Scorecard Properties window opens and displays the properties for the Boise scorecard.

4. Type Eugene in the Scorecard name field.


5. Select . The scorecard is renamed.

Reordering Scorecards within a Hierarchy You can reposition scorecards within a hierarchy. To change the order of display, perform the following steps:

1. Open a project.

2. Select Scorecard Reorder….


The Reorder Scorecards page is displayed.

3. On the Reorder Scorecards page, select the desired scorecard and click the up arrow or down arrow to

move the scorecard up or down in relation to the other elements. Select (the Move to First icon) or (the Move to Last icon) to move the scorecard to the beginning or the end of the list of

scorecards. To sort the scorecards in ascending or descending alphabetical order, select Sort Ascending or Sort Descending.

4. Select OK to close the page and save your changes. A message indicates that your scorecards are reordered.

If you do not want to make any changes, select to close the page without saving your changes.

8.2 Alternative Methods for Populating a Scorecard 8-21

8.2 Alternative Methods for Populating a Scorecard

12

ObjectivesEdit a form layout.Use predefined formulas to roll data up from child scorecards.


Editing a Data Entry Form

Eugene has only the values that were entered into the Beaverton scorecard. To edit these values in the Eugene scorecard, the data entry form that was created in Chapter 4 must be edited. Alternatively, a new data entry form can be created to enter metric values for any new scorecards.


2. Select (the Edit icon) next to the data entry form you created previously. Select Edit… from the

menu.


3. The Edit Form wizard opens. Select to go to step 2 in the wizard. Expand the Scorecard menu and select the check box for Eugene.

Beaverton should be selected by default. Ensure that it is selected before moving on to the next step.

4. Continue selecting until you get to step 6 in the wizard. Because the form is now valid for the Beaverton and Eugene scorecards, change the name of the form to Beaverton & Eugene Data Entry Form. Select Finish to save the changes.

5. The Manage Forms window opens. You can select the Edit icon beside the name of the form and select Enter Data, or you can click on the name of the form.


6. In the Scorecard field, select Eugene.

The values for the Eugene scorecard are now displayed.

7. Enter the Actual values for the current month as shown below.

8. Select to navigate to the last three measures and enter the values shown below.

9. Select . The following message is displayed:

10. Close the dialog box.


11. Select Close to close the data entry form. Select Close again to close the Manage Forms window. The metric attribute values now appear in the Measures element table.

12. To refresh the values for the Performance metric attribute, select Project Calculate to calculate

and display the new values.


13. The Calculate window opens. Choose the Select by period option and maintain the current values for the date range.

14. Select Calculate. The following message appears:

15. Close the dialog box. Refresh your screen by selecting the refresh icon on the project tool bar. The

Measures table is updated.


Populating the Parent Scorecard

1. Select Corporate in the scorecard hierarchy and select Measures in the Element type list. Select . Notice that all of the metric values are empty.

2. In the Actual column, open the menu and select Apply Formula….

3. The Apply a Formula to a Column Window opens. Use a predefined formula to set the Actual values

for the Corporate scorecard to equal the average of the Actual values for the child scorecards. In the Pre-defined formulas section, select Mean from the drop-down menu in the Function field. Retain the default selection of Children of the current element in the Formula field.


4. Select Add Predefined Formula to activate the formula. The formula appears in the Formula definition box.

5. Accept the default values for the date fields, and select OK.

6. In the Measures table, the Target values are present.


7. You can format the values by selecting Format Column… from the menu in the Actual column.

8. The Format Column window opens. Select Number as the value in the Type field. Select Other for

the value in the Set the options to apply to selected type field. Select 2 for the number of decimal places.

9. Select OK to save and apply the changes.

10. Repeat steps 2–6 for the Target and Performance columns. Use the Mean function to calculate the values.

A predefined formula was used to calculate average values for the metric attributes in the Corporate scorecard. However, advanced formulas can be created to assign metric attribute values to the Corporate scorecard.


8.3 Displaying Aggregate Tables

16

ObjectivesView aggregate tables.Create a column selection for aggregate tables.

8.3 Displaying Aggregate Tables 8-31

17

Displaying Aggregate Tables An aggregate table shows data from the selected scorecard and all of its children.

18

Displaying Aggregate TablesWith an aggregate table, you can do the following:

display only the elements that belong to a specific element typeorganize data by metric attributeview data for a particular date


Displaying an Aggregate Table

Now that the parent and child scorecards are created, you can display an aggregate table to display the data from the selected scorecard and all of its children.

1. Display an aggregate table for the Corporate scorecard so that aggregate data is also displayed for Beaverton and Eugene. With the Corporate scorecard active, select the Aggregate Tables icon.

2. The aggregate table is created automatically and displays data aggregated by default settings. Modify

the settings so that Measures are displayed along with the Performance metric attribute for the current date.

3. Select Measures for the Element type field, select Performance for the Column selection field, and select Go.

The aggregate table now displays the Measures and their performance values for all three scorecards based on the current date.


4. You can change the display of the data in an aggregate table by selecting the Scorecard or Metric Attribute option at the top of the aggregate table. By default, the table opens with the data grouped by a metric attribute. Select Scorecard to change the display.

Aggregate tables can only be displayed for a parent scorecard and its children. If, for example, you try to display an aggregate table from the Beaverton scorecard, you receive an error message.

You can choose to view data for a date other than the current date. SAS Strategic Performance Management matches the date that you specify to the appropriate time period for each element. For example, if one element is based on a yearly period and another element is based on a monthly period, the table displays data that is valid for the year and the month that contain the date that you supplied.


5. To display data for a particular date, select (the Calendar icon) next to the Date field. A calendar appears. Select the date that you want, and then select Go. The data is displayed in the aggregate table for the selected date.

Creating a Column Selection for an Aggregate Table You can create a column selection for an aggregate table in order to display multiple metric attributes and to display range icons.

1. Select Project Manage Column Selections.

2. The Manage Column Selection window opens. Select New to create a new column selection. The New Column Selection window opens.

3. In the General section, enter a name for the column selection.

4. In the Definition section, select General in the List by field.

The General option is used to create a column selection that is not connected to element types or associations. Use the General column selection to display metric attributes in aggregate tables.


5. In the Available attributes section, select the Actual and Performance columns and add them to the Attribute options section. Select Range Icon as the value for the Display options field in the Performance column.

6. Select OK to save the column selection. The new column selection appears in the list of General

column selections.

7. Close the Manage Column Selections window.

8. Back at the aggregate table in the Corporate scorecard, choose your column selection from the Column selection menu and select Go.

The column selection is applied to the aggregate table; the Actual values and Performance range icons are displayed. Notice, however, that the range icons do not appear for the Corporate scorecard because you did not apply the range to the Performance column in the Corporate scorecard.

9. Select the Tables icon from the toolbar. Open the Measures table and choose the Standard column selection. Select Go. The Corporate measures table opens.


10. Apply the Standard range that you created previously to the Performance Range column. Select the Edit icon in the Performance column heading, and select Apply Range….

11. The Apply a Range to a Column window opens. Select Standard in the Range field. Leave the date

range set to the default.

12. Select OK to apply the range. The Measures table appears with the Range icons in the Performance

Range column.


13. Now that the range is active in the Corporate scorecard, go back to the aggregate table. Select the Aggregate Tables icon. Apply the column selection you created for the aggregate table, if necessary, and select . The aggregate table opens, and performance icons appear for all three scorecards.


Chapter 9 Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences

9.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................9-3

9.2 Creating Comments........................................................................................................9-6

9.3 Creating Preferences ...................................................................................................9-12

9-2 Chapter 9 Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences


9.1 Introduction

3

ObjectivesDiscuss the benefits of Comment Manager and of setting preferences.

4

Defining Comment ManagerComment Manager is a collaborative tool designedto facilitate communication among scorecard users.


5

Defining Comment ManagerThe Comment Manager can be used to add, view, save, sort, and filter comments. It is common to all solutions based on the SAS 9.1.3 solutions platform.

6

Defining Project Preferences With project preferences, you can determine what the project will display by default when users open it. You can select scorecards, element types, column selection, language, and time period.


7

Defining Personal Preferences You can specify personal preferences to impact SAS Strategic Performance Management and the portal as well. You can affect their look and behavior on many levels.


9.2 Creating Comments

9

ObjectivesInvestigate Comment Manager and create a comment.

10

Creating Comments The Comment Manager displays comments that are attached to files, projects, or tables in the Document Manager. With the Comment Manager, you can do the following:

create new commentsattach files to commentsreply to commentsview comments according to subject, author, date, attachment, or content

9.2 Creating Comments 9-7

11

Creating Comments After a comment is posted, others can reply to it. A reply is added to the same thread automatically.You can also attach a file to a comment. Any attachments are loaded to a central repository and are made available to all users.


Creating Comments

Use the Comment Manager to create and view a comment within the Beaverton scorecard.

1. Navigate to the Beaverton scorecard and open the Measures element table. Select the Edit icon beside a measure and select Comments….

2. The Comment Manager opens. Select the New Comment option.


3. The Compose a New Comment window opens. Your ID is listed in the Author field. Enter a value in the Subject field, and enter a message. You also have the option of attaching a file to a comment.

4. Select OK to save and post your comment.

5. After you post a comment, other users can reply. A reply is added to the same thread automatically. Because of the classroom configuration, you are the only user. Assume, however, that you are one of many users and want to search for comments posted by others. Select the Back menu option to navigate away from the Comment window and back to the Beaverton scorecard.

6. Open the Measures element table and select the Edit icon beside the measure for which you previously created a comment. Select Comments… from the menu. The Comments window opens. The subject of the comment is displayed on the left side of the Comments window, and the content of the selected comment is displayed on the right side.

7. You can sort comments by thread, author, and date. Select the icon to sort by thread, select the

icon to sort by author, or select the icon to sort by date. You can also search for comments by selecting the Search tab on the page.


8. In the Search window, specify how to search for comments by choosing an option from the Find menu.

9. Post a reply to the comment by selecting Reply. The Reply To Comment window opens. Enter a reply in the Message field.

10. Select OK to post the reply.

The reply is posted in the Comment window below the original comment. The hierarchy of the two comments indicates that the top-level comment is the original and the indented comment is a reply to the original comment.

11. Select the Back menu option to navigate out of the Comments window and back to the Beaverton scorecard.


12. To create or access comments for a measure, you can select the Edit icon beside the measure’s name and select Comments. Alternatively, you can display a comments column in the tables in your scorecard project. To display the comment column, select Customize on the toolbar. The Customize window opens. Expand the Additional Information Columns section. Select the Comments option and select OK.

Each table in the scorecard project now has a comments column.


9.3 Creating Preferences

14

ObjectivesCreate project preferences to determine what a user sees.Create personal preferences for your own use.

9.3 Creating Preferences 9-13

Creating Project Preferences

Set preferences to determine what users will see in the project. Specify the scorecard, element type, column selection, and time period.

There are other project options that control the default display in dashboards, aggregate tables, and historical trend graphs.

1. Select Project Options….


2. The Project Options window opens. In the General Settings section, you can specify the view and the scorecard to open when a user opens the project. You can also specify the element type and the column selection to use in the display. In the Default content language section, you can specify a language to use in the comment. You created only one language for the project; accept the default.

3. The Default date for views section enables you to set the default time period for all views.

4. Expand the Table Options section. You can choose to display the Formula icon for any values created with a formula.


5. Expand the Dashboard Options section. You can determine which metric attribute is the primary indicator in dashboards. You also have the option of specifying a secondary indicator. Change the value of the Primary indicator field to Performance.

6. Expand the Aggregate Table Options section. You can specify the element type and metric attribute to aggregate in addition to specifying which thresholds, if any, to display. Select Measures as the value for the Element type field, and select Performance as the value for the Column selection field. Select both types of thresholds to be displayed.

7. Expand the Diagram Options section. Leave the diagram options set to the defaults.


8. Expand the Historical Trend Options section. You can determine which metric attributes and how many time periods to chart in a history diagram. Leave the options set to the defaults.

9. Expand the Web Data Entry Options section. You can determine whether data entered via Web data entry forms is submitted immediately or held as pending until later. If you select the Submit to SPM for immediate use option, a warning message is displayed and you must either post or delete the data. If you select the Submit WDE data as pending for later posting option, an additional icon is made available on the toolbar to facilitate later posting of the data.

10. Select OK to save and apply changes. Changes that you make are displayed automatically the next time that you or a user opens the project.


Setting Personal Preferences

You can set personal preferences as well as project preferences.

1. Select the Preferences item at the top of the scorecard window. The Preferences window opens. The personal preferences settings are divided into five sections. The first section is General settings. The general settings enable you to specify some basic appearance and notification information.

2. Select the Language section. The Locale option enables you to specify a locale and the appropriate language.

The Format section enables you to choose time, date, and currency formats.

The Portal section enables you to set either a horizontal or vertical navigation for your portal page.


The Scorecards section enables you to set options for the display of tables, dashboards, thresholds, history charts, and comments.

One additional method you can use to customize the appearance of tables and dashboards is the Customize item on the toolbar. With a table open, select Customize. For table views, you can determine the number of rows and columns to display, whether to display the Formula icon, the personal threshold, and the global threshold, and whether to display additional columns for the Comment Manager, the History Trend chart, and the time period.

3. Display a dashboard and select Customize. You can choose to display one of three graph types, an optional secondary indicator, threshold indicators, links to the History Trend chart, the Comment Manager, element properties, and range values. You can also determine the size of the graphs and the number of columns and rows for their display.

Chapter 10 Accessing a Scorecard through Microsoft Office 10.1 The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office ..........................................................................10-3

10-2 Chapter 10 Accessing a Scorecard through Microsoft Office

10.1 The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office 10-3

10.1 The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office

2

ObjectivesUse the SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office to view performance management information through Microsoft Word and Excel.

3

OverviewThe SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office is a Component Object Model (COM) add-in that enables users to integrate documents from SAS Strategic Performance Management into Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel.From within Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel, users can access documents created inside the SAS Strategic Performance Management framework.


4

CapabilitiesWith the SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office, you can do the following:

embed performance management dashboardsview SAS Strategic Performance Management data in table formatview scorecard associationsview diagrams


Using the SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office

1. Open Microsoft Excel.

This demonstration also could be executed in Microsoft Word.

2. From the SAS Solutions menu on the Microsoft Excel toolbar, select Log On….

3. The SAS Log On dialog box opens. Enter the user name and password provided by your instructor.

If you are asked to enter a server and port, select Options. The dialog box expands, and you can enter server and port information.

4. Select .


Inserting a Table into a Microsoft Office Document

1. From the SAS Solutions menu on the Microsoft Excel toolbar, select Insert Document….

2. The Insert Document dialog box opens. Navigate to your project’s stored location.

The name and location of your project might differ from what is shown above.


3. Select Table as the type of view that you want to insert.

4. Select Next >.

5. Select a scorecard.

6. Select Next >.


7. Select Measures as the element type.

8. Select Next >.


9. Select Standard as the column selection. You can specify a particular date or use the default for the period selection.

10. Select Next >.

11. Review the summary to ensure that you selected the correct values in the previous dialog box.

Your summary might look different.


12. Select Finish. The Choose Location window opens. Accept the default location and select OK.

The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office executes the SAS analysis.


Your report is displayed in Microsoft Excel.

Inserting a Dashboard into a Microsoft Office Document

1. From the SAS Solutions menu on the Microsoft Excel toolbar, select Insert Document….


2. The Insert Document dialog box opens. Navigate to your project’s stored location.

The name and location of your project might differ from what is shown above.

3. Select Dashboard as the type of view that you want to insert.

4. Select Next >.


5. Select the type of dashboard that you want to insert into your document and whether you want range values displayed in dial or slider dashboards.

A dial dashboard:

A slider dashboard:

A stoplight dashboard:

6. Select Next >.


7. Select a scorecard.

Without a range applied to a measure, your dashboards will not appear properly.

8. Select Next >.


9. Select Measures as the type of information on which to base your report.

10. Select Next >.

11. Select Performance as the metric value to use in the report. You can specify a specific date or accept the default of the current date for the period selection.

12. Select Next >.


13. Review the summary to ensure that you selected the correct values in the previous dialog box.

14. Select Finish. The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office executes the SAS analysis.


Your report is displayed in Microsoft Excel.

You can import tables, dashboards, associations, and diagrams into Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word.


Updating Data Based on the Current Date

After you insert the scorecard components into Microsoft Office, you can save the file. This file can be retrieved at a later date. However, opening the file does not automatically update the data to reflect the current date.

Open Microsoft Word and select File Open. Open the file C:\workshop\winsas\spmmit\BeavertonDashboard.doc. This file has dashboards with a date of 05/01/2006.

Notice that no values exist in the dashboards because no values were entered into the scorecard for that time period.

1. Log on the server using the SAS Solutions menu. The data in the dashboard report does not refresh based on the current date because the file was saved using the date 05/01/2006.

2. Select SAS Solutions View Refresh All.


3. Select Use a specified date. Enter a date for which you previously entered data. You also have the option to use the current exact date.

4. Select . The add-in executes the SAS analysis and refreshes your current report.


Any formatting that you added to the file before you refresh might be lost.

Chapter 11 Applying Security

11.1 SAS Strategic Performance Management Security Overview.................................. 11-3

11.2 Setting SAS Strategic Performance Management Permissions ............................ 11-12

11.3 Using SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles (Self-Study) ..................... 11-35

11-2 Chapter 11 Applying Security

11.1 SAS Strategic Performance Management Security Overview 11-3

11.1 SAS Strategic Performance Management Security Overview

3

ObjectivesReview SAS Strategic Performance Management security.Define SAS Strategic Performance Management roles.Define SAS Strategic Performance Management permissions.


4

Business Intelligence and SecurityEffective business intelligence

is built on the premise of sharing informationrequires securing of information.

Enterprise securityrequires careful planningleverages and integrates with the existing security infrastructure.

Consult the SAS documentation for security planning and security architecture: • SAS® 9.1.3 Intelligence Platform: Administration Guide • SAS® Solutions Services: System Administration Guide • SAS® Solutions Services: Data Administration Guide


5

Security in SAS Strategic Performance ManagementSecurity in SAS Strategic Performance Management is defined at two levels:

Roles

Permissions

6

SAS Strategic Performance ManagementRolesRoles define the tasks that a user can perform.

Examples: The Scorecard Modeler role can create and edit scorecards and scorecard elements.The Scorecard Data Entry role can enter metric values into a scorecard.


7

Roles in SAS Strategic Performance ManagementRoles

are special user groups in SAS metadatahave predefined authorizations consistent with the tasks that a role must performare administered by a systems administrator or SAS metadata administrator.

8

Roles in SAS Strategic Performance ManagementRoles for SAS Strategic Performance Management include the following:

Scorecard Modelercreate/edit/view all SAS Strategic Performance Management objects and enter/edit data through formsAnalystview all SAS Strategic Performance Management objects and enter/edit data through formsScorecard Data Entryview high level SAS Strategic Performance Management objects and enter/edit data through formsData Administratoruse SAS Data Integration Studio to load data into SAS Strategic Performance Management SAS Administratoradminister SAS metadata, including users and groups

These SAS Strategic Performance Management roles are predefined in SAS metadata.


9

User AdministrationA SAS administrator can use the SAS Management Console to administer SAS Strategic Performance Management users. The SAS administrator can create user accounts and add them to the appropriate roles.

A SAS user account is also referred to as a SAS metadata identity.

10

SAS Strategic Performance Management PermissionsPermissions define the type of access granted to a user or group for an object.Examples:

A user in the Scorecard Modeler role might have read/write/delete access to one project and read-only access to another.A user in the Scorecard Data Entry role might have read/write access to only some elements in a scorecard.


11

Permissions inSAS Strategic Performance ManagementPermissions

are a property of a SAS Strategic Performance Management objectcontrol user access to the objectare administered by the scorecard modeler.

Initially, only the creator of a SAS Strategic Performance Management object can access it.The creator of the object must grant access permissions to other users.


12

Permissions inSAS Strategic Performance ManagementSAS Strategic Performance Management objects with permissions:

templateprojectscorecardelement

SAS Strategic Performance Management types of permissions:

readwritedeleteadminister

SAS Strategic Performance Management permissions are administered by the Scorecard Modeler. • Read: user can see the object and its properties • Write: user can edit the object properties • Delete: user can delete the object • Administer: user can administer permissions


13

Permissions inSAS Strategic Performance ManagementSAS Strategic Performance Management access permissions are hierarchical:

read means read-onlywrite implies read/writedelete implies read/write/deleteadminister implies read/write/delete/administer

14

Effect of PermissionsScorecardIf a user does not have permission to a scorecard, then that scorecard is visible to the user, but it cannot be selected. This enables access to lower-level scorecards.


15

Effect of PermissionsElementIf a user does not have permission to an element, then that element will not be visible to the user.

Data entry formIf a user does not have permission to a scorecard or an element, then that scorecard or element will not appear in the form. A single form adapts to the user’s access permissions.

16

Inheritance of PermissionsEvery scorecard user must have read access to the template.Permissions defined on a project are initially replicated down to all scorecards and elements within the project.Changing a permission on a project or scorecard disables future inheritance of permissions.

Permissions are not inherited from a parent to a child scorecard.


11.2 Setting SAS Strategic Performance Management Permissions

18

ObjectivesDefine permissions for data entry.Define permissions for scorecard analysis.

11.2 Setting SAS Strategic Performance Management Permissions 11-13

19

Student AccountYou used the student account to build the Parcel Express project. The student account

was created by a SAS user administratorhas the role of Scorecard Modeleris the owner of all the objects in the projectis initially the only one with access permissions to the objects in the project.

• The creator of a SAS Strategic Performance Management object is by default the owner of the object. • The owner of an object has by default full access to the object. • The creator of an object can assign access permissions to other users.

20

Assigning PermissionsYou must assign access permissions for the following:

scorecard data entryscorecard analysis


Defining Permissions for Scorecard Analysis and Scorecard Data Entry

You built the Parcel Express scorecard project in the role of Scorecard Modeler. As the creator of the project, you initially have sole access to the project. You must next define the permissions that enable other users to have access to the project.

Define permissions for two users: • A scorecard analyst must be able to view the scorecard information. Viewing scorecard data requires

read permission to the template and read permission to the project. • A data entry person must be able to add data metric values to a scorecard using a data entry form. Data

entry requires read permission to the template, as well as read and write permission to the project.

A SAS user administrator created two user accounts in the SAS Management Console: • SAS Strategic Performance Management analyst Login ID: spmanz

Password: Metadata0 • SAS Strategic Performance Management data entry person Login ID: spmdat

Password: Metadata0

1. Give the analyst and data entry person the necessary template permissions. Both need read access to the Parcel Express template.

a. In the SAS Portal, select Manage Scorecard Projects.

b. In the Template and Project Manager, select Parcel Express Template.


c. From the menu, select Template Properties.

d. In the Template Properties section, expand Permissions.

e. The demo user is currently the only user with permission to access the template. Select Add Users & Groups….


f. In the Add Users & Groups window, enter spm in the Search field and select Search. You can uncheck Groups to limit the search to users only.

g. A list of SAS users and groups with names or descriptions that include spm is displayed. These users and groups were defined in the SAS Management Console by a SAS user administrator.

Select the spmanz and the spmdat users with a check mark and select .

h. A message indicates that the users were added. Optionally, select Close to close the message box.

i. Select to close the Add Users & Groups window.

j. The two users are added to the list of users who have access permissions to the template. By

default, new users are granted read access only. This is sufficient for both users. Select to close the Template Properties.


2. Give the analyst and data entry person the necessary project permissions. An analyst needs read access to the project and a data entry person needs read and write access to the project.

a. In the Template and Project Manager window, select the icon for the Parcel Express Project.

b. From the drop-down menu, select Properties.


c. In the Project Properties window, expand Permissions. Notice that student is currently the only

user with access permissions to the project. Select .

d. In the Add Users & Groups window, enter spm in the Search field and select . You can uncheck Groups to limit the search to users only.


e. A list of users and groups with names or descriptions that include spm is displayed. Select the

spmanz and spmdat users with a check mark and select .

f. A message indicates that the users were added. Optionally, select Close to close the message box.

g. Select to close the Add Users & Groups window.

h. The spmanz and spmdat users are added to the list of users with access to the Parcel Express project. Both are granted read access by default. Read access is sufficient for spmanz to view the scorecard information. Give spmdat write access so he can enter data into the scorecard.

i. Select to close the Project Properties. A note indicates that the project permissions are updated.

j. Select Close to close this message box.

By inheritance, the project permissions are propagated down to the scorecards and elements.


3. Give the analyst access to the scorecard project.

The account created for the analyst (username: spmanz) by the SAS user administrator was expressly set up in the Analyst role. Because this account was not added to the Scorecard Modeler role, he does not have access to the Manage Scorecards and Projects task. To access the project, the analyst needs a link to the Parcel Express project.

a. Log off from the student account.

b. Log on to the analyst account. Enter the user name spmanz and the password (provided by the

instructor). Select .

c. Add a portal page. Select Options Add….


d. Enter Parcel Express as the name. Select .

e. A message indicates that the page was added. Optionally, select Close to close the message.

f. Select to close the Add Pages to Profile dialog box.

g. Add a portlet to the Parcel Express page. Select Options Add Portlets….


h. Select the My Favorites portlet type, enter the name Parcel Express Scorecard

Project, and select .

A message indicates that the portlet was added.

i. Select to close the Add Portlets to Page dialog box.

j. Select the icon in the Parcel Express Scorecard Project portlet to add a link.


k. In the Properties window, select .

l. Select Documents….


m. In the Add Documents window, expand the Shared Documents folder. Select the Parcel Express Project and click to make it a Selected document.

n. Select to close the Add Documents window and select to close the Properties window. The Scorecard Analyst can now access the Parcel Express Project via this link.

o. Click on the Parcel Express Project link to view the scorecard project.


p. Select the Beaverton scorecard, the Measures element type, and a date for which you entered data. Then select .

The analyst can do the following: • see the project • see scorecards • see element types • see element • view current metric values and historical trend charts • access aggregate tables, hierarchies, diagrams • view and define comments • access forms to enter metric data values • set personal thresholds • specify personal options and customizations

The analyst cannot do the following: • add or edit scorecards • add or edit elements • edit metric attributes


4. Give the data entry person access to the data entry form.

The account for the data entry person (username: spmdat) was created as a member of the Scorecard Data Entry role. This role does not have access to the Manage Scorecards and Projects task. The data entry person needs a link to the Beaverton Data Entry form in his portal. As the Scorecard Modeler (username: student), create a new portal page with a link to the data entry form and share this page with the data entry person.

a. Log on to the student account.

b. Create a new portal page to be shared. In the SAS Portal, select Options Add….


c. Enter the name Parcel Express Data Entry and select .

d. Add a portlet for the link to the data entry form. In the SAS Portal, select Options Add Portlets….


e. Select the My Favorites portlet type and enter the name Beaverton Data Entry Form.

Select .

f. Access the Parcel Express project to place a link to the data entry form on the newly created portal page. In the SAS Portal, select the Parcel Express page.

g. In the Parcel Express page, select Manage Scorecard Projects.


h. In the Template and Project Manager window, select Parcel Express Project to open it.

i. From the Project menu, select Data Entry Forms….

j. In the Manage Forms window, click the icon for the Beaverton Data Entry form and select Add to Portlet….


k. In the Add to Portlet window, select Beaverton Data Entry Form. Select .

The link is added to the portlet.

l. Select to exit the Manage Forms window.

m. Use the Portal link to return to the portal.

n. Select the Parcel Express Data Entry page. Notice the link to the data entry form.


o. Share this portal page with the data entry person. Select Options Share.

The Scorecard Modeler can use this link to access the data entry form.

p. Select the Scorecard Data Entry group and the Default scope.

Scope provides the following options:

Available The users in the group will be able to find the page using the search tool, and they will be able to add the page if they want it.

Default The users in the group will automatically see the page the next time they log on to the portal. The user can remove the page from his or her personal portal if the page is not needed.

Sticky Same as the default, except that users cannot remove the page from their portals.

q. Select to close the Share Page screen. On the Parcel Express Data Entry page, the message lines indicate that this page is shared.


5. View the shared page as the data entry person. Then access the data entry form and use it to add metric values to the scorecard.

a. Log off from the student account.

b. Log on as the data entry person. Enter the user name spmdat. The password will be provided by the instructor.

c. The shared Parcel Express Data Entry page is available to the data entry person. This individual can access the Beaverton Data Entry form from the link on this shared page. Select the Beaverton Data Entry link to open the form.


d. In the Data Entry window, select a time period and a scorecard for which to enter data.

e. The form displays the current data for the selected time period and scorecard. It also shows past and future time periods that the form was designed to display. Enter metric values for Target and

Actual for all the measures for one time period. Then select to save the data.

f. View the new data as the analyst. Select Log Off to log off from the portal as the data entry person.

g. Log on as the analyst. Enter the user name spmanz and the password (provided by the instructor) for spmanz.


h. Select Parcel Express Project.

i. Select the Beaverton scorecard, the Measures element type, and the date that you entered data for in the previous steps. Select .

The data that was entered by the data entry person is displayed.

11.3 Using SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles (Self-Study) 11-35

11.3 Using SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles (Self-Study)

23

ObjectivesCreate users in the SAS Management Console.Assign users to SAS Strategic Performance Management roles.

24

SAS Strategic Performance Management UsersDifferent types of users might need access to SAS Strategic Performance Management:

Scorecard modelerScorecard data entryScorecard analystETL data administratorSAS user administrator


25

SAS Intelligence PlatformSAS Strategic Performance Management is part of the SAS Intelligence Platform.

integrated suite of SAS Intelligence Platform applicationscommon metadata repositorycommon security model

Other SAS Intelligence Platform components are as follows: • SAS Financial Management • SAS Activity-Based Management • SAS Data Integration Studio • SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office • SAS Web Report Studio


26

User Access toSAS Strategic Performance ManagementThe SAS Intelligence Platform requires a SAS user account to perform the following tasks:

create SAS Strategic Performance Management objectsenter data in SAS Strategic Performance Management view SAS Strategic Performance Management informationload data in SAS Strategic Performance Management with ETL processesadminister SAS users

A SAS user account is also referred to as a SAS metadata identity. It is defined in SAS metadata.

SAS user accounts can be • defined manually in the SAS Management Console by a SAS Administrator • extracted from enterprise identity sources and loaded via bulk load processes • updated automatically with SAS macros.

The user accounts for student, the data entry person (sasdat), and the analyst (sasanz) used in this course were created by a SAS Administrator.


27

User Access toSAS Strategic Performance ManagementUser access to SAS Strategic Performance Management occurs in stages:

authentication − verifying the user’s identityauthorization − applying the user’s role assignment and access permissions

Authentication: When a user logs on to SAS Strategic Performance Management, the user’s credentials (user name and password) are authenticated against an authentication provider.

Supported authentication providers include the following: • host operating system for the SAS Metadata Server (default) • LDAP or Active Directory • third-party authentication providers (for example, Netegrity SiteMinder and Tivoli Policy Manager)

Authorization: After successful authentication, user access to SAS Strategic Performance Management is controlled by the metadata role assignment and the SAS Strategic Performance Management permissions.

Authorization • requires authentication first • is maintained through roles and permissions.


28

AuthorizationA user must have privileges to access resources.

Access privileges are controlled through the following:access control lists (ACLs) in SAS metadataroles and groups in SAS metadataobject permissions in SAS applicationhost file system security

29

Strategic Performance Management UsersRole and group membership of SAS Strategic Management users:

Modeler – Scorecard Modeler, Solutions Users, Portal AdministratorsAnalyst – Analyst, Solutions UsersData entry – Scorecard Data Entry, Solutions UsersData loading – Data Administrator, Solutions Users, MySQL Users

The predefined roles and groups facilitate management of SAS Strategic Performance Management user access.


30

Creating SAS Strategic Performance Management UsersThe SAS Administrator

creates and administers users and groupsadministers user privilegesis a special (unrestricted) user in SAS metadata.

The unrestricted user is the only user who can add other users and change user privileges in SAS metadata.

The unrestricted user is defined in a special text file in the Metadata Server start directory.

The text file is typically located in \\<server>\SAS\SASSolutionsConfig\Lev1\SASMain\MetadataServer\adminUsers.txt.


Defining a SAS Strategic Performance Management User in SAS Metadata Using the SAS Management Console

Create a SAS user account for a person who will perform the functions of Scorecard Modeler. You must log on to the SAS Management Console as the unrestricted user (SAS Administrator).

1. Start SAS Management Console. Select Start Programs SAS SAS Management Console 9.1. The first time that you access a metadata repository with the SAS Management Console, you must create a metadata profile. Select Create a new metadata profile

.

2. In the Welcome screen, select .


3. Enter a name for this metadata profile, for example SAS Administrator. Select .

4. Enter the machine name and port number of your metadata server. Enter the user name sasadm. (The password will be provided by the instructor.) Uncheck the Save user ID and password in this profile option. Select .


5. Select the Foundation repository as the default repository and select .

6. Review the selections and select to create the metadata profile.


7. Log on to the SAS Management Console. Enter the user name sasadm and password (provided by

the instructor). Select .

8. In the SAS Management Console hierarchy, select User Manager. Existing users, roles, and groups are displayed in the display area on the right.


9. Create a SAS user account for a Scorecard Modeler. The user name should be spmmod. Right-click on User Manager and select New User.

10. Enter the name spmmod and job title SPM Modeler. Then select the Groups tab.


11. Add the Portal Admins group, the Scorecard Modeler role, and the Solutions Users group to the list under Member of.

The following role and group memberships are appropriate for SAS Strategic Performance Management user types:

SPM user type Member of

Scorecard Modeler Scorecard Modeler, Solutions Users, Portal Admins

Scorecard Data Entry Scorecard Data Entry, Solutions Users

Scorecard Analyst Analyst, Solutions Users

ETL Loading Data Administrator, MySQL Users, Solutions Users

Scorecard Modeler, Scorecard Data Entry, and Analyst are predefined roles in SAS Metadata. Solutions Users and MySQL Users are predefined groups in SAS Metadata. The unrestricted SAS Administrator can create custom roles and groups.

12. Select the Logins tab.


13. Select to create a new login. Enter the qualified user ID machinename\spmmod.

Your machine name can be found under System Properties. Select Start Settings Control Panel System. In the System Properties dialog box, select the Computer Name tab. The machine name is listed as the "Full computer name." You can copy and paste this name into the New Login Properties dialog box.

14. Leave the password blank. This user will authenticate against the metadata server host.

Saving a password in the metadata profile is useful for applications that require additional authentication for secondary processes that are spawned after initial authentication. If a password is not stored in the metadata, the user is prompted for credentials. SAS Strategic Performance Management does not use secondary processes so it is not necessary to store password information in the metadata profile.

15. Select to close the New User Properties dialog box.


If this dialog box appears, select to close it.

A SAS metadata identity is created for the new user.

16. Select File Exit to close the SAS Management Console.


Creating a User Account on the Windows Operating System

Create a user account for the Scorecard Modeler on the host operating system. When the modeler logs on to the portal, his credentials (user name and password) are authenticated against his account on the host operating system. You must be a system administrator to create user accounts.

1. Create a user account for the Scorecard Modeler. Right-click My Computer on the desktop and select Manage.

2. In the Computer Management window, expand System Tools Local Users and Groups and select the Users folder. The existing users are displayed. Right-click on the Users folder and select New User….


3. In the New User window, enter the user name spmmod and the full name Scorecard Modeler. (The password will be provided by the instructor.) Deselect User must change password at next logon and select both User cannot change password and Password never expires. Select

to exit the New User dialog box.

4. The new user account is added to the list of users on this host. To fully access all the functions of Scorecard Modeler, this user must be added to the SAS Server Users group. Double-click on the newly created spmmod user.


5. In the spmmod Properties window, select the Member Of tab. New users are added to the Users group automatically. To add the user to the SAS Server Users group, select .

6. Verify that the object type is Groups and that the location is your metadata server host. Enter the object name SAS Server Users and select .

The button enables you to search for existing Groups.


7. If a match is found with an existing group, it is displayed. Select to add this user to the SAS Server Users group.

8. Verify that the spmmod user is a member of the SAS Server Users group and the Users group. Select to save the changes.


9. The host user account for spmmod is created. Close the Computer Management window.

10. Test the credentials for the new Scorecard Modeler by logging on to the SAS Portal. Access the portal

and enter the user name spmmod and the password. Select .

If authentication is successful, you enter the portal.

The new Scorecard Modeler can now add portal pages, portlets, and scorecard modeler tasks to the SAS portal.


Appendix A SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles

A-2 Appendix A SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles

A-3

Reference: SAS Strategic Performance Management task access for the Scorecard Modeler, the Analyst, and the Scorecard Data Entry metadata roles.

SPM SPM SPM

Templates Modeler Analyzer Data Entry

Templates

Access Templates

Manage Templates

New (NewTemplate Wizard)

Open

Save As

Properties…

View

Edit

Delete

Element Types

Manage Element Types (Project and Scorecard)

New (New Element Type Wizard)

Save As

Properties…

View

Edit

Delete

Manage Attributes

Add

Delete

Move (left, right, first, last)


Metric Attributes

Manage Metric Attributes

Add (New Metric Attribute Wizard)

Delete

Move (left, right, first, last)

Languages

Manage Language

New

Save As

Properties…

View

Edit

Delete

A-5

SPM SPM SPM

Projects & Scorecards Modeler Analyzer Data Entry

Projects

Access Projects

Manage Projects

New (New Project Wizard)

Save As

Properties…

View

Edit

Delete

Open Projects from Doc Mgr/SPM/Portal

Scorecards

Access Scorecards

Manage Scorecards

New

Open

Properties…

View

Edit

Copy To

Move To

Delete

Tables

View Tables

Dashboards

View Dashboards


Hierarchies

View Hierarchies

Manage Hierarchies

New (New Hierarchy Wizard)

Save As

Properties…

View

Edit

Add Top Level

Delete

Diagrams

View Diagrams

Manage Diagrams

New

Save As

Properties

Delete

Edit

Forms

Manage Forms

New (New Form Wizard)

Edit Layout

Enter/Edit Data

Delete

Copy

A-7

Ranges

Manage Ranges

New

Save As

Properties…

View

Edit

Delete

Elements

Create New

Properties

View

Edit General/Values/Formulas

Format Cells/Columns

Apply Ranges

Thresholds

Create Global Thresholds

Create Personal Thresholds

Column Attributes Filters

Create Attribute Filters

Select Attribute Filters (Global only)

Select Attribute Filters (All)

Historical Trend Chart

Access

Customize

Project Options

Set options


Appendix B Index

A aggregate tables, 1-21, 1-29–1-30

creating column selections, 8-34–8-37 associating element types, 4-6, 4-14–4-22 associations, 1-23, 1-33, 6-3

displaying, 6-5–6-15 managing, 6-16–6-18

authentication, 11-38 authorization, 11-38

B Balanced Scorecard template, 3-6 balanced scorecards, 1-9–1-11 burning platforms, 1-7

C child scorecards

creating, 4-25–4-27, 8-7–8-12 deleting, 8-17 renaming, 8-19

column selections, 1-27–1-28, 5-4 creating, 5-14–5-24 creating for aggregate tables, 8-34–8-37

Comment Manager, 9-3, 9-6–9-10 comments

creating, 9-6–9-10

D dashboards, 1-22, 1-31–1-32, 6-4

customizing, 6-23–6-27 displaying, 6-19–6-22 inserting into Microsoft Office, 10-11–10-

17 data

updating based on a specific date, 10-15–10-20

updating based on the current date, 10-18–10-20

data entry forms, 4-38, 4-45–4-54 creating, 4-40–4-44 editing, 4-39, 8-27–8-29 permissions, 11-11

diagram editor

associating element types, 4-17–4-22 diagrams, 1-23–1-24, 1-33, 7-3

components, 7-4–7-6 creating, 7-7–7-11 editing scorecard data, 7-6 inserting into Microsoft Office, 10-17

E element tables

populating, 4-7–4-11 sorting rows, 4-12–4-13

element types associating, 3-20–3-22, 4-6, 4-14–4-22 associating with the diagram editor, 4-17–

4-22 creating, 3-15–3-19 project, 3-14 scorecard, 3-14

elements, 3-13 linking, 8-13–8-16 permissions, 11-11

enabling languages, 3-24, 3-26–3-27

H hierarchies, 8-4–8-20

creating, 8-5, 8-7–8-12 deleting, 8-17 deleting scorecards, 8-6 moving scorecards within, 8-12–8-13 renaming, 8-18–8-19 reordering scorecards within, 8-19–8-20

K key performance indicators (KPI), 1-12 KPI. See key performance indicators KPI Viewer template, 3-6

L links

creating, 7-39–7-41 editing, 7-39–7-41

M metric attributes, 3-23

B-2 Index

defining, 3-25 metric values

entering manually, 4-29–4-32 weighting, 4-79–4-98

My Favorites portlet, 2-5

P parent scorecards

populating, 8-29 Performance Dashboard portlet, 2-6 performance management

evolution, 1-5 performance management frameworks, 1-6–

1-9 methodologies, 1-7

permissions data entry forms, 11-11 elements, 11-11 in SAS Strategic Performance

Management, 11-7–11-9 inheritance, 11-11 scorecards, 11-10 setting, 11-13–11-34

populating element tables, 4-7–4-11 populating scorecards, 8-22–8-29 project element types, 3-14 project preferences, 9-4

creating, 9-13–9-18 projects, 3-7

creating, 3-28–3-37

R ranges, 5-3

creating, 5-5–5-13 roles

in SAS Strategic Performance Management, 11-5–11-6, A-3–A-7

S SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office, 10-3–10-5

inserting dashboards, 10-11–10-17 inserting diagrams, 10-17 updating data based on a specific date,

10-15–10-20 updating data based on the current date,

10-18–10-20 SAS Administrator, 11-40 SAS Information Delivery Portal, 2-3–2-4

My Favorites portlet, 2-5 organization, 2-4

Performance Dashboard portlet, 2-6 URL Display portlet, 2-6 using, 2-8–2-17

SAS Intelligence Platform, 11-36 SAS Management Console

creating user accounts, 11-41–11-48 SAS Strategic Performance Management

creating user accounts on Windows, 11-49–11-53

creating user accounts using the SAS Management Console, 11-41–11-48

interface, 1-26–1-33 key views, 1-19–1-24 language support, 3-24 overview, 1-13 predefined roles, 11-39 roles, A-3–A-7 SAS Administrator, 11-40 security, 11-5–11-53 setting permissions, 11-13–11-34 user access, 11-37–11-38 user administration, 11-7

scorecard hierarchies creating, 8-5, 8-7–8-12 deleting, 8-17 deleting scorecards, 8-6 moving scorecards within, 8-12–8-13 planning, 8-3–8-4 renaming, 8-18–8-19 reordering scorecards within, 8-19–8-20

scorecards, 3-6 child, 4-25–4-27 creating, 3-38–3-40, 8-5 deleting, 8-6 element types, 3-14 hierarchies, 8-4–8-20 moving within hierarchies, 8-12–8-13 permissions, 11-10 populating, 8-22–8-29 populating parent, 8-27–8-29 reordering within hierarchies, 8-19–8-20 tables, 1-20

security, 11-5 permissions, 11-7–11-11 roles, 11-5–11-6

setting permissions, 11-13–11-34 sibling scorecards

creating, 8-7–8-12 deleting, 8-17 renaming, 8-19

Index B-3

T table views

without column selection, 1-26–1-27 templates, 3-5

creating, 3-8–3-12 predefined, 3-6

U URL Display portlet, 2-6

user accounts creating on Windows, 11-49–11-53 creating using the SAS Management

Console, 11-48 User-Defined template, 3-6

V views, 1-19–1-24