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SANTHINI S

1st YR MTECHE N V I R O N M E N T A L E N G G .

HOUSE PLUMBING SYSTEM FOR WASTE

WATER COLLECTION

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The arrangement provided in a building for collecting and

conveying waste water through drain pipes , by g ravity ,to join

either a public sewer or a domestic septic tank , is house

drainage.

INTRODUCTION

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To maintain healthy conditions in the building.

To dispose off waste water as early and quickly as possible.

To avoid the entry of foul gases from the sewer or the septic

tank.

To facilitate quick removal of foul matter (e.g . human

excreta).

To collect and remove waste matters systematically

AIMS OF HOUSE DRAINAGE

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The lavatory basins should be so located that

the length of drainage line is minimum.

The drainage pipes should be laid by the side

of the building rather than below the building.

All the drains should be aligned straight

between successive inspection chambers. All

sharp bends and junctions should be avoidedexcept through chambers.

PRINCIPLES OF HOUSE DRAINAGE

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CONTD

The slope of the drains should be sufficient to

develop self cleansing velocity.

The size of drain should be sufficient so that

flooding of the drain does not take place while

handling the maximum discharge.

The drainage system should contain enough

number of traps at suitable locations.

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The house drain should be disconnected to the

public sewer by the provision of an

intercepting trap ..

Rain water pipes should drain out rain water

directly into the street gutters from where it is

carried to the storm water drain.

All the connections should be water tight.

CONTD.

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The entire drainage system should be properly

ventilated from the starting point to the final

point of disposal

All the materials and fittings of the drainage

system should be hard strong and resistant to

corrosive action.

The entire system should be so designed thatthe possibilities of formation of air lock,

siphonage, under deposits etc. are minimised.

CONTD

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Single stack system.

One pipe system.

Partially ventilated single stack system.

Two pipe system.

SYSTEMS OF PLUM ING

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One single pipe called

soil or waste pipe

Effective only with

water seal of depthnot less than 75 mm.

Gully traps and waste

pipes are completely

dispensed with

SINGLE STACK SYSTEM

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Separate vent pipe

is provided

Completely

ventilated

Costlier than single

stack system

ONE PIPE SYSTEM

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Waste discharged

into 1 common pipe.

A relied vent pipe is

also used for

ventilation.

Traps of basin are

not directlyconnected to vent

pipe.

PARTIALLY VENTILATED SINGLE STACK

SYSTEM

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Separate S.P and

W.P.

All traps completely

ventilated.

4 pipes are required.

Discharge from W.P

disconnected fromdrain by gully trap.

TWO PIPE SYSTEM

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Wash basin

Sinks

Bath tubs

Water closets

Urinals

Flushing cisterns

Traps

SANITARY FITTINGS

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WASH BASIN

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SINKS

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BATH TUBS

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WATER CLOSET

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URINALS

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FLUSHING CISTERN

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It should possess adequate water seal at all times, to fulfill

the purpose of is installation.

It should be of non-absorbent material.

It should be free from any inside projections, angles or

contractions. It should be simple in construction, cheap and readily

available

It should be self cleaning

It should be provided with suitable access for cleaning.

Its internal and external surfaces should have smooth finish

so that dirt etc does not stick to it.

CHARACTERISTICS OF TRAPS

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According to shape

1. P- Trap

2. Q-Trap

3. S-Trap

According to use1. Floor trap or Nahni trap

2. Gully trap

3. Intercepting trap

CLASSIFICATION

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Resembles shape of

letter P

Legs are at right

angles to each other

P TRAP

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Also called half S-

trap

Resembles shape of

letter Q

Two legs meet at an

angle other than a

right angle

Q TRAP

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Resembles letter S

Both legs are

parallel to each

other, discharging in

the same direction

S TRAP

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Disconnect sullage

drain from main

drainage system

Either made up of

stone-ware or of cast

iron

Water seal 60-70mm

GULLY TRAP

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Provided at junction

of house drain

Has deep water seal

of 100 mm

Has opening at top

called cleaning eye

or rodding arm

INTERCEPTING TRAP

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Used only in large

hotels, restaurants or

industries

Oily and greasy

matter is separated

which forms ugly

scum

May be of masonry or

cast iron chamber,with bent pipe or Tee-

pipe at the outlets

GREASE TRAPS

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Wastewater engineering , B.C.Punmia & Ashok Jain; Luxmi

publications; pg. 569 to 583

Your homes plumbing system, By Tim Oglesby, Home Check

America

Plumbing installations , Winnipeg, www.City.winnipeg.mb.ca/ppd

International plumbing code, 2006

REFERENCES

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THANK YOU