Santa Barbara Mountain CDZ 2 Lloyd Simpsona123.g.akamai.net/7/123/11558/abc123/forestservic...Santa Barbara Mountain CDZ 4 Lloyd Simpson Plant BE August 7, 2015 habitat within the

Santa Barbara Mountain CDZ 2 Lloyd Simpson Plant BE August 7, 2015

Table 1. Sensitive Plant Species of the Santa Barbara Ranger District

Common Name Scientific Name Status*

Abrams' flowery puncturebract Acanthoscyphus parishii var. abramsii Sensitive Mount Pinos onion Allium howellii Eastwood var. clokeyi Sensitive Refugio manzanita Arctostaphylos refugioensis Sensitive late-flowering mariposa lily Calochortus fimbriatus Sensitive Palmer's mariposa lily Calochortus palmeri var. palmeri Sensitive Santa Barbara jewel flower Caulanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae Sensitive Mount Pinos larkspur Delphinium parryi ssp. purpureum Sensitive umbrella larkspur Delphinium umbraculorum Sensitive Ojai fritillary Fritillaria ojaiensis. Sensitive mesa horkelia Horkelia cuneata ssp. puberula Sensitive Santa Lucia horkelia Horkelia yadonii Sensitive Santa Lucia dwaft rush Juncus luciensis Sensitive Santa Barbara honeysuckle Lonicera subspicata var. subspicata Sensitive Carmel Valley malacothrix Malacothrix saxatilis var. arachnoidea Sensitive Baja pincushionplant Navarretia peninsularis Sensitive Robbins' nemacladus Nemacladus secundiflorus var. robbinsii Sensitive Nuttal's scrub oak Quercus dumosa Sensitive Parish's checkerbloom Sidalcea hickmanii ssp. parishii Sensitive southern jewelflower Streptanthus campestris Sensitive Sonoran maiden fern Thelypteris puberula var. sonorensis Sensitive Santa Ynez false lupine Thermopsis macrophylla Sensitive *Status: USDI FWS, January 2013; USDA FS-R5 updated Sensitive Species List, August 16, 2013; Bryophytes, and Lichens List, August 16, 2013.

II. CURRENT MANAGEMENT DIRECTION Current policy as shown in the Forest Service Manual (FSM 2670.31) is to use the biological assessment process to review actions and programs authorized, funded, or carried out by the Forest Service to determine their potential for effect on Threatened and Endangered species and species proposed for listing. This biological evaluation provides the directed review of the proposed action’s potential effects on Threatened, Endangered, and Proposed plant species and has determined that the proposed action will not affect listed or proposed species (Table 2).

Table 2. Potential for the sensitive and other special plant species known or suspected to occur on the Santa Barbara Ranger District to be affected by the Santa Barbara Mountain Communities Defense Zone project. There are no Federally Threatened, Endangered, or Proposed species that occur in the project area based on known locations and

Species Potential Effects?

Comments on Potential Habitat

Acanthoscyphus parishii var. abramsii

No Only known from areas to the northeast of the project.


Table 2. Potential for the sensitive and other special plant species known or suspected to occur on the Santa Barbara Ranger District to be affected by the Santa Barbara Mountain Communities Defense Zone project. There are no Federally Threatened, Endangered, or Proposed species that occur in the project area based on known locations and

Species Potential Effects?

Comments on Potential Habitat

Allium howellii Eastwood var. clokeyi

No Found further north typically on clay soils or serpentine.

Arctostaphylos refugioensis Yes Calochortus fimbriatus AKA C. weedii var. vestus

Yes

Calochortus palmeri var. palmeri

No There is no suitable habitat present for this species and it is typically found to the east and to the north of the project area. Surveys were negative.

Caulanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae

No The serpentine substrates required by this taxon are not present in the project area. Surveys were negative.

Delphinium parryi ssp. purpureum

No This species is found more typically on locations to the north and east of the project area, above 3,000 ft. elevation. Surveys were negative.

Delphinium umbraculorum No Only known from areas to the north and east of the project area. Surveys were negative.

Fritillaria ojaiensis. Yes Horkelia cuneata ssp. puberula Yes

Horkelia yadonii No This species is found to the north in the San Rafael Mountains. Surveys were negative.

Juncus luciensis Yes Lonicera subspicata var. subspicata

Yes

Malacothrix saxatilis var. arachnoidea

No The closest known population is well to the northwest of the project area.

Navarretia peninsularis No Known from locations well to the north of the project area. This plant’s habitat – wet/moist openings in conifer forests above 4,500 feet are not present in the project area.

Nemacladus secundiflorus var. robbinsii

No Known from locations well to the north of the project area. Usually at elevations higher than the project elevation.

Quercus dumosa No The project area is above the known elevation range of this oak. Nuttall’s scrub oak has not been documented to occur on the ridgetops of the Santa Ynez Mountains.

Sidalcea hickmanii ssp. parishii No Only known from areas to the north of the project.

Streptanthus campestris No It is known from one location in the Santa Ynez mountains well to the east of the project area.

Thelypteris puberula var. sonorensis

Yes

Thermopsis macrophylla Yes

For sensitive species, as part of the NEPA process, it is Forest Service policy (FSM 2670.32) to review programs and activities, through a biological evaluation (BE), to determine their potential effect on sensitive species. This BE reviews the proposed action to determine its potential to affect sensitive plant species. Six sensitive plant species would be potentially affected by the proposed action (Table 2). The analysis in Section IV will determine whether impacts to sensitive species will be avoided or minimized, and if not, the analysis will determine the significance of potential adverse effects on the population or its


habitat within the area of concern and on the species as a whole. Based on this analysis a determination will be made as to whether or not the project’s impacts are likely to result in a trend toward Federal listing or a loss of viability for sensitive plant species. Forest Service policy directs that line officer decisions must not result in a trend toward Federal listing and loss of viability for sensitive plant species. Further, Standard S11 in the Los Padres National Forest Land Management Plan (USDA Forest Service 2005) states that,

When occupied or suitable habitat for a threatened, endangered, proposed, candidate or sensitive (TEPCS) species is present on an ongoing or proposed project site, consider species guidance documents to develop project-specific or activity-specific design criteria. This guidance is intended to provide a range of possible conservation measures that may be selectively applied during site-specific planning to avoid, minimize or mitigate negative long-term effects on threatened, endangered, proposed, candidate or sensitive species and habitat.

The appropriate species account documents (species guidance documents) for the potentially affected species are included in section IV below.

As indicated by the Los Padres National Forest Land Management Plan (USDA Forest Service 2005c), the Santa Barbara Mountain Communities Defense Zone project is part of the Santa Barbara Front place. The desired condition is that the Santa Barbara Front Place is maintained as a natural appearing landscape that functions as a scenic backdrop for urban coastal communities. Important cultural and historic sites are preserved. Threatened, endangered, proposed, candidate, and sensitive species habitat is maintained in its current condition and negative impacts to threatened, endangered, proposed, candidate, and sensitive species are minimized. Noxious weed infestations are reduced from current levels. Special-use permits are administered to standard. Fire prevention and protection measures and watershed management efforts are established. Public access is maintained or improved. Trespass roads and trails are reduced or eliminated. Front Country trails are maintained and improved and conflicts minimized. Recreational target shooting issues are resolved. Illegal activities are reduced.

Program emphasis states that most of the Place is managed as a Developed Area Interface zone while keeping the natural scenic backdrop for the south coast communities. Continue cooperative efforts with the Native American community, permit holders, and volunteers to preserve cultural and historic sites. Mitigate impacts to threatened, endangered, proposed, candidate, and sensitive species when they occur. Eliminate or reduce the spread of noxious weeds during fire suppression (i.e., using washing stations), post wildland fire Burned Area Emergency Rehabilitation efforts (i.e., weed monitoring and removal), volunteer weed removal projects, and project-specific activities. Implement communication site plans. Continue to reduce special-use permit backlog. Coordinate fire prevention and watershed protection programs with private landowners, national forest visitors, city and county agencies and volunteer fire departments. Complete and maintain fuelbreaks and community defense zones through these cooperative efforts. Improve public access as opportunities occur by developing, maintaining, and managing Front Country trails and OHV routes, minimize trail conflicts, and promote user education through cooperative efforts. Work with the recreational target shooting community to resolve issues. Reduce illegal actions through cooperation with city and county law enforcement agencies.

As shown in Table 2, Arctostaphylos refugioensis, Calochortus fimbriatus, Fritillaria ojaiensis, Horkelia cuneata ssp. puberula, Juncus luciensis, Lonicera subspicata var. subspicata, Thelypteris puberula var. sonorensis, and Thermopsis macrophylla may be affected by the proposed project. There would be no direct, indirect or cumulative effects to the other 13 sensitive plant species listed.


III. DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED PROJECT

Purpose and Need for Action

The purpose of the project is to address Forest Plan goals and desired conditions. The Forest Plan identifies goals that are responsive to both national priorities and the management challenges identified for the multiple-use management of the four southern California national forests (Forest Plan, Part 1: Southern California National Forests Vision; pp. 19-49). The responsible official for the Santa Barbara Mountain Communities Defense Zone Project has chosen to propose resource management actions that respond to the following Forest Plan goals:

• Goal 1.1: Improve the ability of southern California communities to limit loss of life and property and recover from the high-intensity wildland fires that are a natural part of this state’s ecosystem.

The desired condition is to have vegetation treated to enhance community protection and reduce the risk of loss of human life, structures, improvements, and natural resources from wildland fire and subsequent floods. Firefighters have improved opportunities for tactical operations and safety near structures, improvements, and high resource values. By providing for defensible space, public and firefighter safety is enhanced.

• Goal 1.2.2 - Reduce the number of acres at risk from excessively frequent fires while improving defensible space around communities.

The desired condition for chaparral is to establish a diversity of shrub age classes in key areas near communities to improve the effectiveness of fire suppression operations. Adequate defensible space around communities could greatly reduce the risk of structure loss, as well as improve safety for residents. Thus, at the urban interface there will be a management emphasis on direct community protection. This could be accomplished in at least two ways: (1) by removing or heavily modifying shrublands immediately adjacent to populated areas (Wildland/Urban Interface Defense Zones); and (2) by strategically creating blocks of young, less flammable vegetation near the interface areas. Both types of fuels modification could slow or even halt the rate of fire spread into urban areas.

The differences between existing conditions and desired conditions identified in the Forest Plan, and the Forest Service’s responsibility to reduce those differences through management practices, define the need for action. The need for Santa Barbara Mountain Communities Defense Zone Project is based on the Forest Plan goals identified above.

To make progress toward achieving these goals, the project would address the following need:

• The Forest Plan recognizes the need to create conditions that allow firefighters to stay on-the-ground and defend homes and property more safely within community defense zones (Forest Plan, Part 1: Southern California National Forests Vision; p. 13). Flame lengths below 8 feet are desired because they allow for direct suppression of fires under more extreme fire weather conditions using readily available equipment, and represent a noticeable improvement for fire fighter and public safety. The goal after treatment is to attain a potential flame length of 6 feet for chaparral areas and 3 feet for grass areas in 97th percentile weather conditions.

• Once established, these zones should be maintained so they remain effective in the future.

Proposed Treatments The project proposes to create and maintain fuel breaks on approximately 418 acres of chaparral to help manage against the wildfire threat posed to the mountain communities. Fuel breaks to be included in this project are listed in table 3.


Table 1. Summary of proposed activities

Area Proposed for Treatment Legal Description Approximate

Acres

Painted Cave Township 5 North, Range 28 West, Sections 22, 23. San Bernardino Base Meridian 37

San Marcos Trout Club South Township 5 North, Range 28 West, Section 22. San Bernardino Base Meridian 7

San Marcos Trout Club North Township 5 North, Range 28 West, Section 27. San Bernardino Base Meridian 4

Haney Tract South East Township 5 North, Range 28 West, Sections 21, 27, & 28. San Bernardino Base Meridian. 31

Haney Tract North West Township 5 North, Range 28 West, Section 20. San Bernardino Base Meridian. 28

Rosario Park (National Forest System Land)

Township 5 North, Range 28 West, Sections 8, 17, 18 & 19. Township 5 North, Range 29 West, Section 24. San

Bernardino Base Meridian. 94

Rosario Park (Non-National Forest System Land)

Township 5 North, Range 28 West, Sections 8 & 17. San Bernardino Base Meridian. 4

Gaviota/Refugio Township 5N, Range 32 West, Sections 22, 23 & 24. Township 5 North, Range 31W, Sections 16, 17 & 18.

San Bernardino Base Meridian. 213

Total Project Treated Acres 418

The fuel breaks would be located around the local communities in zones of strategic importance for wildfire suppression efforts. The fuel breaks would reduce the intensity of fire behavior within these zones by reducing the amount and changing the arrangement of flammable vegetation. As wildfire moves into the fuel breaks to be created in these zones, fire behavior, as measured by flame length, would lessen and allow these fuel breaks to serve as points of direct control by personnel and equipment. The fuel breaks would also reduce risks associated with ingress and egress for the public and emergency responders during a wildfire event.

The fuel breaks would consist of treated areas of variable widths shapes and patterns to accommodate Forest Plan visual standards and community visual concerns with linear features across the landscape. The fuel break widths would be dependent on slope and topographical features.

This project may be implemented as early as the summer of 2015 and would continue into the foreseeable future. Treatment areas would be monitored for fuel condition and would be treated on a three- to ten-year cycle. This would maintain the vegetation within the fuel breaks in the desired condition over the long term. The maintenance schedule will be variable as rates of brush re-growth would vary, depending on precipitation. Annual funding constraints may also result in a longer interval between maintenance treatments.

Treatments in the Area of Painted Cave Painted Cave is the most eastern community affected by the proposed project. Painted Cave is an unincorporated community located in the Santa Ynez Mountains and is named due to its proximity to Painted Cave State Historic Park (Figure 2). It is primarily served by Camino Cielo Road and California State Route 154, which link the community both to the nearby Santa Ynez Valley and the City of Santa Barbara. The community is made up of roughly 250 acres and includes 100 homesteads, plus a large number of outlying settlements.


Painted Cave is the highest and largest of the inholdings within the Santa Ynez Mountains, and commands an impressive view. On clear days, all seven of the Channel Islands can be seen. The community is primarily composed of irregular lots, and does not, except in the center of the community, conform to any sort of grid. Painted Cave sits atop a rough plateau, and includes the large Laurel Springs Ranch. The local terrain is extremely hilly, and numerous homes along Rim and Lookout roads approach or even overhang sheer cliffs

To increase the defensible space around the community of Painted Cave, a fuel break would be created on the south-southwest portion of the community. The fuel break would be approximately 5,000 feet in length and would vary in widths between 280 feet and a maximum of 500 feet, covering approximately 37 acres. It would take advantage of topography and roads to increase its effectiveness. The fuel break would lie along the Forest boundary.

Treatments in the Area of San Marcos Trout Club The community of San Marcos Trout Club is located approximately ½ mile west of the community of Painted Cave (Figure 2). It is comprised of 39 residential lots, with approximately 100 residents on a total of about 100 acres of property. San Marcos Trout Club is accessed off of Old San Marcos Road and is directly across California State Route 154 from Painted Cave Road.

Figure 1. Map of the eastern project areas in the Santa Barbara Mountain Communities Defense Zone Projects. The map shows the Painted Cave, San Marcos Trout Club, and Haney Tract treatment areas.

Two small fuel breaks totaling approximately 11 acres are proposed in the north and southeast portions of the community. The fuel break would be approximately 1,100 feet in length and would vary in widths


between 300 feet and a maximum of 400 feet, to take advantage of the topography and existing roads. The fuel break would be immediately adjacent to the Forest Boundary.

Treatments in the Area of the Haney Tract The Haney Tract community is located approximately 1 mile to the west and across the San Jose Creek Drainage from the San Marcos Trout Club (Figure 2). The community is composed of approximately 20 residential structures and totals approximately 170 acres. The community is accessed off of the West Camino Cielo Road and is comprised of narrow mostly one-way roads leading down from the ridgelines to the residences intermixed throughout the hillside.

Two fuel breaks totaling approximately 59 acres are proposed for installation within the Haney Tract Area. One would be installed northwest of the community and one would be installed to the southeast of the community. The southeast fuel break would also provide additional protection to the San Marcos Trout Club community. The overall combined length of the fuel breaks would be approximately 8,500 feet. Their maximum width would be approximately 300 feet. The fuel breaks would be located either immediately adjacent to the Forest boundary or located along roads or ridges to take advantage of the favorable topography.

Treatments in the Area of Rosario Park

Figure 2. Map of the Rosario Park treatment area.

The community of Rosario Park is approximately 1.5 miles to the northwest of the Haney Tract (Figure 3). The community is made up of approximately 15 residences sharing 40 acres of property and is best


accessed from Highway 154, to Stagecoach Road, to Rosario Park Road. The Rosario Park Road is a narrow one way road which does a loop around the residences.

This fuel break would be a re-installation of a former fuel break to protect the community. The fuel break would be approximately 2.7 miles long with a maximum width of 300 feet. The fuel break would total approximately 98 acres and be installed along a ridge and would include existing roads and favorable topography into its design features. The majority of the fuel break would be within the Forest boundary with a small 4-acre portion on the northeast end located on private property.

Treatments in the Area of Gaviota/Refugio Canyon The major traffic corridor of California Highway 1 and U.S. Highway 101 is adjacent to the Gaviota/Refugio Canyon treatment area (Figure 4). This highway is used to access a large number of private residences and properties. In addition, along the West Camino Cielo Road, critical weather and radio infrastructure is located at the Gaviota Omni Radio Range Station.

This part of the project would re-install an old fuel break in the area of Gaviota/Refugio Canyon. This fuel break would be approximately 6 miles long with a maximum width of 300 feet and would be approximately 213 acres in size.

Figure 3. Map of the Gaviota/Refugio Canyon treatment area.

Treatment Definitions for Proposed Action Activities The Forest Plan provides project design criteria for defense zone treatments in chaparral vegetation (Forest Plan, Part 3 Design Criteria for the Southern California National Forests, page 82).


“Generally, a [WUI Defense Zone] width of 100 to 300 feet will be sufficient in some conditions to provide community safety objectives in chaparral types, however on steep slopes or areas of significant mortality, a greatly expanded width of defense zones may be necessary. These conditions may require defense zone widths over 300 feet. Defense Zone management activities take precedence over all other management activities within the Defense Zone and Standard 81 would apply. Some conditions may allow for less than the 100-foot width.

Isolated plants can be left intact within this zone as long they are maintained in such a way as to not ignite during a wildland fire. In that portion of the defense zone greater than 100 feet from structures, chaparral vegetation should be reduced to 18 inches in height to promote low flame lengths and to minimize the potential for soil erosion.”

Fuel breaks near the Painted Cave and San Marcos Trout Club communities would exceed widths of 300 feet to utilize the available topographic features in enhancing treatment effectiveness, and to provide sufficient treatment effectiveness on steep slopes where wildfire intensity and rate of spread would be greater.

Vegetation Treatments Fuel levels would be reduced to the extent that would allow the desired conditions to be met. All vegetation is proposed for treatment, which would include the numerous brush species present along with the live oaks. Up to 95 percent of the existing vegetation would be cut within each fuel break. We would treat ground cover to produce younger seral stage of shrubs interspersed with a mixture of bare ground, grasses, and forbs. Where oaks or other trees are present, they would be thinned or pruned to remove the ladder fuels that would otherwise conduct fire into the tree canopy.

Where feasible, we would incorporate existing roads into the fuel break design. This would minimize the acres of removed vegetation, and facilitate the safe use of these roads by the public and emergency response personnel during a wildfire event.

Brush would be cut either by hand or by mechanical methods to create the fuel breaks. Hand methods would include crews using chainsaws and hand tools. Mechanical methods would include the use of heavy equipment with machines such as masticators. Most of the cut vegetation would be treated by grapple piling or hand piling. Hand cutting of brush would occur on slopes where mechanical treatments would not be feasible. Mechanical treatments would be limited to slopes of 35 percent or less, except for occasional pitches between 35 and 50 percent for short sections not exceeding 500 feet in length.

Mechanically masticated, cut, or shredded material may be left on-site to decompose if leaving it on-site would produce the desired condition of a reduced flame length. Fuels created by machine or hand work could also be piled and burned through pile burning, jackpot burning2, or a combination of these treatments when conditions were safe to do so and when smoke would be adequately dispersed. Piles would be located away from the canopy drip lines of any existing trees to prevent scorch.

1 “Community protection needs within the WUI Defense Zone take precedence over the requirements of other forest plan direction, including other standards identified in Part 3 of the forest plan. If expansion beyond the 300-foot minimum width of the defense zone is needed due to site-specific conditions, projects will be designed to mitigate effects to other resources to the extent possible” (Forest Plan, Part 3 Design Criteria for the Southern California National Forests, page 5). 2 A modified form of broadcast slash burning in which spots of greater accumulations of slash are ignited and the fire is confined to these spots.


IV. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT See attached Species Accounts. V. DIRECT, INDIRECT, AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS There are no known occurrences of federally listed Threatened, Endangered, Proposed, or Candidate plant species within the project area where activities are planned. Field surveys found occurrences of Forest Service sensitive plant species Arctostaphylos refugioensis, Calochortus fimbriatus, Horkelia cuneata ssp. puberula, and Lonicera subspicata var. subspicata within the project area where activities are planned. Potential habitat for Forest Service sensitive plant species Fritillaria ojaiensis, Juncus luciensis, Thelypteris puberula var. sonorensis and, Thermopsis macrophylla exists in the project area though no plants were found where selected areas with suitable habitat were surveyed. There are a number of Arctostaphylos refugioensis occurrences along the road that will bisect most of the fuel break in the Gaviota/Refugio Canyon treatment area. This species is restricted to the upper slopes and ridge top of the Santa Ynez Mountains from north of Goleta, CA to Point Conception. These occurrences will be directly affected by the project because they will be cut back or removed as part of the vegetation reduction along the fuel break. Additionally, direct effects will occur with continued road and fuel break maintenance. There are no occurrences of this species in the other fuel break treatment areas proposed by the project. The amount of the species population affected by the project is very small with a total of only 213 acres planned for treatment in the Gaviota/Refugio Canyon treatment area. Calochortus fimbriatus occurrences were found in the Gaviota/Refugio Canyon, Rosario Park, Haney Track, and Painted Cave project treatment areas. Depending on the time of year, there could be substantial direct effects to these populations during fuels treatments. Mechanical treatments will damage or remove aboveground parts of the plants and possibly affect the reproductive capacity of the populations. Future maintenance of the fuel break or the road where it is co-located could also have direct effects. If fuels treatments are conducted during the time when the plants are dormant (October through April), then potential directs effects could be reduced. Mechanical fuel treatments could also result in the burial of plants by debris inhibiting the emergence from bulbs upon breaking of dormancy. Horkelia cuneata ssp. puberula occurrences were found in the Rosario Park and Haney Track project treatment areas. These low growing perennials may be affected directly by the fuel reduction processes if they happen close to the ground. They could also be buried by debris from the fuels treatments inhibiting growth and flowering. Maintenance of the fuel breaks and roads will have the same direct effects. Lonicera subspicata var. subspicata occurrences were found in the Rosario Park, Haney Track, Painted Cave, and Trout Club project treatment areas. These occurrences will be directly affected by fuels treatments and maintenance of both fuel breaks and roads. This species is a perennial that commonly twines or reclines on other shrubs. It will, therefore, be removed along with any shrub vegetation treated in these areas. If they are present, species Fritillaria ojaiensis, Juncus luciensis, Thelypteris puberula var. sonorensis or, Thermopsis macrophylla could be directly affected by fuels treatments. Treatment activities could


damage or remove any above ground parts. Fuels treatments and maintenance of the fuel break and roads could also directly affect any plants of these species present. Indirect affects to any Forest Service sensitive plants present include damage from off-road trespass resulting from clearing vegetation and opening up the area. These species could also experience increased competition from invasive noxious weeds that are likely to invade the open areas created by the vegetation removal. Cumulative effects are less likely to have any significance. No other activities are planned or ongoing in the project areas where work is to occur. VI. DETERMINATION It is my determination that the proposed action alternative for the Santa Barbara Mountain Communities Defense Zone project:

will not affect Acanthoscyphus parishii var. abramsii, Allium howellii var. clokeyi, Calochortus palmeri var. palmeri, Caulanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae, Delphinium parryi ssp. purpureum, Delphinium umbraculorum, Horkelia yadonii, Malacothrix saxatilis var. arachnoidea, Navarretia peninsularis, Nemacladus secundiflorus var. robbinsii, Quercus dumosa, Sidalcea hickmanii ssp. parishii , or Streptanthus campestris.

may affect individuals, but is not likely to result in a trend toward Federal listing or loss of viability for Arctostaphylos refugioensis, Calochortus fimbriatus, Fritillaria ojaiensis, Horkelia cuneata ssp. puberula, Juncus luciensis, Lonicera subspicata var. subspicata, Thelypteris puberula var. sonorensis or, Thermopsis macrophylla.

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Santa Barbara Mountain CDZ 2 Lloyd Simpsona123.g.akamai.net/7/123/11558/abc123/forestservic...Santa Barbara Mountain CDZ 4 Lloyd Simpson Plant BE August 7, 2015 habitat within the