Sangalo 2010

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Dr. Upendra Devkota in NASeA/ANMA convention, Raleigh, NC

Enthusiastic students holding their book

children’s ice cream day in the park

Nepali Stall in Spring Daze festival

Shringara mesmerizes audiences at concert in NC

Nepali School graduation ceremony in NC

Fun filled day at the park

Yogendra and Bharat rock the stage with Nepali song

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Nepal Center of North Carolina, Inc.Executive Committee

Arun DhitalPresident

Shreekanta GautamVice President

Udhav KarkiVice President

Shailendra DevkotaGeneral Secretary

Uttam SedaiTreasurer

Shashi BhattaBoard of Director

Prabha MarhattaBoard of Director

Basanta KhadkaBoard of Director

Dr.Rajesh SubediBoard of Director

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NCNC president Arun Dhital welcoming audience

Ladies serving delicious food Room full of audience enjoy the cultural program

All the cameras point to Manoj Gajurel as he enters the hall

Ladies and gentlemen with Manoj Gajurel

Nepali naya barsako subhakamana NCNC volleyball tournament

Famous comedian Manoj Gajurel charms the crowd

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Published by:Nepal Center of North Carolina (NCNC), Inc.

Address:100 Kindletree Ct. 2D

Cary, North Carolina, 27513, USAwww.ncnepal.org

Chief Editor:Shailendra Devkota

Advisor:Dr. Narayan Rajbhandari

Computer Design:Shiva Sharma

Printed at:..................... .........................

SANGALO(Collection)

;Fufnf]

Disclaimer: The information, ideas, articles, and links provided herein do not represent official policies, procedures, or opinions of Nepal Center of North Carolina, Inc (NCNC). The contents contained in the newsletter have come from a variety of sources, including speeches, articles, field visit, and public reporting. Editors may not agree with all the contents of the newsletter. NCNC is not liable for the damage to anyone due to the information contained in this newsletter. Any error or information should be mailed to the editor at the above address.

Thank you for images: a1225.files.wordpress.com, cdn.sheknows.com, fotobank.ru, freewebs.com, qigongweekly.com/wp-content, healthyuprising.com, home.swipnet.se, indiavisitinformation.com,

media.photobucket.com, mountain7.com, opinionsandexpressions.files.wordpress.com, picsdigger.com, wddty.com, womanofroyce.files.wordpress.com, 3.bp.blogspot.com

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43

NCNC Life Members

1. Dr. Devendra Man Amatya and Mrs. Azal Amatya

2. Dr. Shambhu Acharya

3. Mr. Narayan Deo and Mrs. Annapurna Deo

4. Ms. Shanti Rajlawat

5. Mr. Ishwor Devkota and Mrs. Kamala Devkota

6. Dr. Samantha Thapa and Mrs. Rashmi Thapa

7. Dr. Jaya Raj Joshi and Mrs. Sundara Joshi

8. Dr. Pete Andrews and Mrs. Hannah Andrews

9. Mr. Mark Tustin and Dr. Marcia Angel

10. Ms. Lynn Knauff

11. Mrs. Rama Dworkin

12. Dr. Narayan Rajbhandari and Mrs. Nirmala Rajbhandari

13. Mr. Bibhor Rimal and Mrs. Pranita Rimal

14. Mr. Janak Marahatta and Mrs. Prabha Marahatta

15. Mr. Madan Risal and Mrs. Meena Risal

16. Mr. Madhab Dhakal and Mrs. Sushma Dhakal

17. Mr. Subodh Gautam and Mrs. Pratima Gautam

18. Dr. Sanjay Bikram Shah and Mrs. Bindeshwari Shah

19. Mr. James Edwards and Mrs. Elizabeth Edwards

20. Mr. Nagendra Neupane an Mrs. Bhagabati Neupane

21. Dr. Ganga D. Sharma and Mrs. Saroj Sharma

22. Mr. Manoj Lama and Mrs. Sushila Lama

23. Dr. Ramesh Amatya and Dr. Sudha Amatya

24. Dr. Padam P. Paudel and Mrs. Usha Paudel

25. Mr. Shree Kanta Gautam and Mrs. Laxmi Gautam

26. Dr. John Paul and Mrs. Jill Paul

27. Mr. Ed Wesolowski, Jr. and Ms. Lucy Siegel

28. Mr. Gyanendra Bam and Mrs. Rita Bam

29. Dr. Geni Eng and Mr. Dan Goetz

30. Dr. Quentin and Marjorie Lindsey

31. Mr. Suresh Thapa and Mrs. Sarala Thapa

32. Mr. Lekh Nath Dulal and Mrs. Rajeshwari Dulal

33. Mr. Bhimsen Basnet and Mrs. Geeta Basnet

34. Mr. Sujan Neupane and Mrs. Parita Neupane

35. Mr. Yagya Acharya and Mrs. Sarala Acharya

36. Mr. Shiva Prakash Mishra and Mrs. Sunita Mishra

37. Mr. Manoj Pradhan and Dr. Sushma Pradhan

38. Mr. Madan Rajbhandari and Dr. Dharma Rajbhandari

39. Mr. Udhav Karki and Mrs. Pabita Karki

40. Mr. Madhukar Devkota and Mrs. Rachna Devkota

41. Mr. Shyam Aryal and Mrs. Geeta Aryal

42. Mr. Mohan Adhikari and Mrs. Amrita Adhikari

43. Mr. Krishna Sedai amd Mrs. Laxmi Sedai

44. Dr. Harihar Bhattarai and Mrs. Sunita Bhattarai

Welcome to new life members in 201045. Dr. Bal Krishna Sharma and Mrs. Radha Sharma

46. Mr. Yam Kumar Shrestha and Mrs. Roshani Shrestha

47. Mr. Hare Ram Sharma and Mrs. Sushmita Sharma

48. Mr. Suresh Sapkota and Mrs. Mira Sapkota

49. Mr. Ananda Ghimire and Mrs. Sushma Ghimire

50. Mr. Ashok Khanal and Mrs. Shova Khanal

51. Mr. Binod Dhakal and Mrs. Nisha Dhakal

52. Mr. Arun Dhital and Mrs. Pratima Dhital

53. Mr. Ashish Bhatta and Mrs. Sashi Bhatta

54. Mr. Shailendra Devkota and Mrs. Sapana Devkota

55. Dr. Rajesh Subedi and Dr. Nandita Subedi

56. Mr. Uttam Sedai

57. Mr. Basanta Khadka and Mrs. Santwana Khadka

58. Mr. Kisan Upadhyaya and Mrs. Pam Upadhyaya

59. Dr. Batu Sharma and Pooja Sharma

60. Mr. Binaya Manandhar and Mrs. Pinku Manandhar

61. Mr. BalaKrishna Lamdari & Mrs. Buddhi Kumari Lamdari

62. Dr. Shreekant Adhikari and Mrs. Shanti Adhikari

63. Mr. Kumud Devkota and Mrs. Januka Devkota

64. Mr. Thakur Pant and Mrs. Muna Pant

65. Mr. Madhav Bhattarai and Mrs. Mira Bhattarai

66. Mr. Shishir Khanal and Mrs. Rita Khanal

67. Dr. Moha Bhatta and Mrs. Shova Bhatta

Book_2010.indd 6 7/4/2010 10:13:22 AM

Editorial

Nepal Center of North Carolina, Inc (NCNC)

has crossed a decade of its existence. As we

celebrate the first decade, this is the time to

express our sincere appreciation and heart-

felt thanks to all the members, supporters,

founders and best wishers, who have made

great contribution to make bigger, better,

and bolder NCNC. Since its establishment,

NCNC has been continuously working for

the Nepali community and has made won-

derful history throughout the years by car-

rying various activities. Publishing our an-

nual newsletter “SANGALO” is one of such

activities. In the long way of its odyssey,

we feel extremely fortunate, honored, and

humbled to bring this new issue to you.

It is with great pleasure that we welcome

everybody to NCNC. The mission of NCNC

is to promote, and foster Nepalese identity,

cultural heritage, and literature among Nep-

alese and friends of Nepal in North Carolina.

Heritage and our literature are our legacy

from the past, what we live with today, and

what we pass on to our future generations.

We believe SANGALO will be the milestone

to facilitate the mission of NCNC.

SANGALO means “compilation of several.”

As its name stands, this is the collection of

essays, stories, poems, songs, and so on. In

addition, SANGALO is also the collection of

different languages as we have included

the materials in Nepali, English, Sanskrit

and Doteli in this issue. Importantly, we

have separated this issue into two sec-

tions, Nepali and English. We believe this

will help in spreading and understanding

the content to both Nepali and American

readers. We hope this issue of SANGALO

will be another piece of brick which will

help to create a platform for the Nepalese

in North Carolina to come together, to cel-

ebrate our heritage, and to promote Nepali

literature. This, in turn, will ultimately estab-

lish meaningful relationship with the land

of our origin, Nepal.

We would like to express our sincere ap-

preciation and thanks to Dr. Narayan Ra-

jbhandari, Dr. Jaya Raj Joshi, and Mr. Shiva

Sharma for their important role in putting

together this issue of SANGALO. As always,

we look forward to receiving your praise

and generous support continuously in the

future so that we extend our helping hand

to Nepal and Nepalese around the world.

Best Regards,

Shailendra Devkota

Chief Editor

The picture of the cover page is of the Mt. Everest, the highest peak of the world which is located in the birth place of Lord Buddha, Nepal.

Book_2010.indd 7 7/4/2010 10:13:22 AM

Beginning Balance (January 1, 2010) Running Balance

NCNC Balance on January 1, 2010 (Handed over to New BoD) $ 6,861.99 $ 6,861.99

2010 New Year Celebration Transactions (January 2, 2010)

Income

Life Membership $ 900.00

Donation to Bhutanese Family in High Point (Fire Victim) $ 292.00

Raffle Ticket Sell, CD Sell $129.00

Total Income $ 1,321.00

Expenses

Dinner, Hall Rent, Miscellaneous (Sound System, Cleaning, etc.) $ 522.89

Donation to Bhutanese Family in High Point (Fire Victim) $ 300.00

Total Expenses $ 822.89

Net on 1/2/2010 $ 498.11 $ 7,360.10

Financial Transactions between 1/3/2010 and 4/16/2010

Income

Life Membership, Annual Membership, Donations $ 1,225.00

Nepali School Activities (Monthly Student Fee for February & March) $ 570.00


Expenses

Nepali School Activities (February to May Rent , Class Materials, and Snacks) $426.00

Donation for Haiti Earthquake Victims $ 161.00

Miscellaneous Expenses (Health Fair Supplies, Printing, Website etc.) $ 338.29


Net on 4/17/2010 $ 869.71 $ 8,229.81

2067 Nepali New Year Celebration Transactions (April 17, 2010)

Income

Life Membership $ 900.00

Dinner Ticket Sell, Raffle Ticket Sell, CD Sell, Donation (Sangalo Ad Collection) $ 1,045.00


Expenses

Dinner + Miscellaneous (Plates, Napkins, Prizes, Water, etc.) $ 830.00


Net on 4/17/2010 $ 1,115.00

NCNC Balance on April 24, 2010 $ 9,344.81 $ 9,344.81

Financial Activities between 4/18/2010 to 6/11/2010

Income

Nepali School Activity (Fees Collected) $ 290.00

NCNC Membership $ 275.00

Sangalo Ad Collection $ 400.00

Total Income $ 965.00

Expenses

Nepali School Activities (Ice Cream, Snacks, Certificates) $ 147.30

NCSU Hall Rent For Manoj Gajurel Program $ 88.00

Old Sound System, Miscellaneous $ 30.00


Net Balance on 4/23/2010 $ 10,044.51 $ 10,044.51

Comedian Manoj Gajurel Program (June 5, 2010)

Income

Ticket Sell $ 1,040.00


Expenses

Paid to Manoj Gajurel $ 780.00

Miscellaneous Expenses in Manoj Gajurel's Program $ 133.00

Continue on Page 12

NCNC Financial Statement

Book_2010.indd 8 7/4/2010 10:13:23 AM

President's Message

Dear Nepali Community Members and Friends of Nepal:

Season’s Greetings, and Bijaya Dashami Ko Mangalmaya Subhakamana

As we march ahead with the wonderful ten years of history of Nepal Center of North Caro-lina (NCNC) behind us, we would like to invite you all to support us in our goal of preserv-ing our culture and keeping our identity. We believe that, with several young and energetic executive committee members on the Board of Directors (BOD) and the kind of encour-agement and enthusiastic support we have received from our members, we have already added a new page to the NCNC history book.

It is our goal to unite all the Nepalis residing in North Carolina, as well as to make every-body feel that they belong to the NCNC com-munity. We strive for reaching out and helping each other in need in whatever way possible.

In recent months, thanks to the hard work of the NCNC executive team and several other volunteers, we have instituted or organized several activities:

1. A very well attended health fair, 2. Celebration of the Nepali new year 2067

with nearly 300 people in attendance; 3. Weekly Saturday Nepali language school

for the kids; 4. Financial help to Bhutanese Nepalis as

well as the Haitian earthquake victims, 5. Updating of our website and its use to

disseminate new relevant information as well as to provide transparency on finan-

cial matters,6. Ice Cream Day in the park that was very

well received and cheered by kids,7. Hosting of our renowned comic artist

Manoj Gajurel in June, 8. Future plans to bring in other talents and

programs which would promote our Ne-pali music, language, and culture, and

9. The publication of this magazine “SANGA-LO” as an effort to promote and preserve our language.

10. Financial help, commodities and other supports to Mrs. Prabina Deo, who was hit by a car and sustained serious injuries.

We hope to make NCNC a platform for all adults to share information and exchange ideas, a venue for all kids to learn their moth-er language and culture, a medium for each young/adult Nepali to reach out and find friends throughout the U.S. as well as be a source where community service and leader-ship skills can be developed.

Let us collaborate with other Nepali organi-zations on things we cannot achieve by our-selves alone. Let us stretch out our hands and help each other and the needy in Nepal on things we are able to. And, let us commit our-selves to giving back to the community and making this organization healthier and stron-ger so we can all proudly claim it as ours.

Thank you.

Yours Truly,Arun DhitalPresident, NCNC

ljhof bzdL tyf z'e–bLkfjnL 2067 sf] pknIodf ;Dk")f{ g]kfnL bfh'efO tyf lbbLalxgLx?df xflb{s d+undo z'e –sfdgf JoQm ub{%f}+ .

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Book_2010.indd 10 7/4/2010 10:13:23 AM

Table of ContentsS.No.

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Title

The Moral Dilemma ...Probiotics and its ...Nepali Class in ...Chronological Order of Former PresidentsResponsibility DistributionSome Healthy Foods ...Random FactsMy Last Vacation Nepali Culture and ...MotherHinduism and its ...Nepali ClassBeauty Is ...?Top Ten Health ... What is Love?NCNC's First Decade

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Subject

ArticleArticleArticle

Information

InformationArticle

CollectionArticleArticlePoemArticleArticlePoemArticleArticleArticle

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sljtfsyfsljtf;Gb]z

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Author

Lorna DevkotaDr. Shreekant AdhikariShashi BhattaNCNC

NCNCShova KhanalRamesh PandeyAyushma SharmaDr. Padam PaudelJasmine SinkhadaSandesh KhanalSambriddhi SapkotaYasmine SinkhadaDr. Rajesh SubediRamesh PandeyIshwar Devkota

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Book_2010.indd 11 7/4/2010 10:13:23 AM

37

Book_2010.indd 12 7/4/2010 10:13:24 AM

Sangalo 2010 Issue 10, Year 101 136

The Moral Dilemma: The Good and Evil in Hinduism, Zoroastrianism, and Judaism

Lorna Devkota

The question of what is moral is one of humanity’s great dilemmas in religion. Hinduism, Zoroastrianism, and Judaism clarify moral goodness by making a clear distinction between good and evil. The Bhagavad-Gita from Hinduism, the Zoroastrian scriptures from Zoroastrianism, and The Book of Exodus from Juda-ism all contain battles between the forces of good and evil. The main distinctions between the three religious texts lie in the presentation of battle. The Bhagavad-Gita is the battle within a person, Arjuna, and Krishna’s response to the battle within Arjuna. The Zoroastrian scriptures are the battle of good and evil within the universe on an individual, cosmic, interpersonal, mor-al, mental, and divine level. The Book of Exodus is the battle of good and evil between two groups of people and God ultimately chooses sides. The Bhagavad-Gita, the Zoroastrian scriptures, and The Book of Exodus all contain battles between the forces of good and evil but subtle differences do exist. All the scriptures highlight God’s interactions within the world but the most compelling is the “The Book of Exodus” because it emphasizes the concept of God acting on behalf of morality, goodness, and ethical standards.

The Bhagavad-Gita literally translated means the “Song of the Lord” and is considered to be the high point of Hinduism. It is a dialogue between Krishna, who is the human embodiment of God, and Arjuna, who is a warrior about to partake in war to regain his kingdom (Gita 1:14). Arjuna is devastated at having to kill his kin in the war, and explains to Krishna:

The sins of men who violatethe family create disorder in societythat undermines the constant lawsof caste and family duty (Gita 1:43)

Arjuna feels strongly that killing his own kin would be sin. However, Krishna believes Arjuna is a coward. He then goes on to give Arjuna thoughtful advice on how to be a more spiritual being starting with going into battle to fulfill his caste duty.

Thus, Arjuna fights a battle within himself at the begin-ning of the Bhagavad-Gita because Krishna and he have different outlooks on what is good and what is evil. Krisha-na is the avatara of god Vishnu and his role involves positive interaction for the good of people and helping Arjuna live a more spiritual life. The battle within Arjuna is due to the fact that he is confused on whether to follow his family duty or caste duty (warrior). However, by the end of the Gita, Krishna has thoroughly convinced Arjuna that abandoning his caste duty is evil, and that one can be good by choos-ing caste duty over family duty, using jnana yoga and karma yoga, and by performing selfless action. To per-suade Arjuna to see his perspective, Krishna tells him:

If you fail to wage this warof sacred duty, you will abandon your own dutyand fame only to gain evil. (Gita 2: 33).

Krishna informs a confused Arjuna that in a battle over caste duty and family duty, caste duty wins and that if this is not the case, he will have gained evil (Gita 2:33). Krishna goes on further to explain to Arjuna what the “good” is to counteract the evil he described earlier. He exclaims:

“Earlier I taught the twofold basis of good in this world

for philosophers, disciplined knowledge; for men of discipline, action. ( Gita 3:3).

In other words, Krishna exclaims that the good in this world can be gained from jnana yoga which is the path of knowledge (Upanishads) and karma yoga which is the path of work (action) (Smith, pp 29-37). Krishna further expands his view by explaining:

Good men eating the remnantsof sacrifice are free of any guilt,

Book_2010.indd 13 7/4/2010 10:13:24 AM


but evil men who cook for themselveseat the food of sin” ( Gita 3: 13).

In this statement, Krishna is stressing the impor-tance of attaining good through performing selfless sacrificial actions. Arjuna remains curious and asks Krishna:

what makes a personcommit evilagainst his own will,as if compelled by force” (Gita 3:36).

To which Krishna skillfully responds:

“It is desire and anger, arisingfrom nature’s quality of passion;know it here as the enemy,voracious and very evil!” (Gita 3:37).

This quote from Krishna reiterates his idea that our own desire is the enemy and that Arjuna should kill this evil within himself (Gita 3:43).

Zoroastrianism is unique in its presentation of good and evil because the entire universe is seen as a bat-tleground (Ballou, p 166). Ahura Mazda is the supreme god in this religion and is the creator of everything good (Ballou, p167). Angra Mainyu is the creator of everything evil and considered very deadly (Ballou, p. 166). In universal restoration, Ahura Mazda will thor-oughly defeat Angra Mainyu; hell will be emptied and destroyed. The presentation of battle as portrayed in Zoroastrianism is good and evil within the whole universe: the individual, cosmic, interpersonal, moral, mental, and divine level. Within the cosmic level, there were conflicts faced with the creation of the world (Ballou, p. 177). An example is how “the wind spirit, so that it might not be contaminated, stirred up the wind and atmosphere as the life stirs in the body; and the water was all swept away by it, and was brought out to the borders of the earth, and the wide-formed ocean arose therefrom” (Ballou, 178). The fact that cli-mate is involved makes it clear that good-evil dualism occurs at the cosmic/global level. For the interper-sonal level, the understanding of conflicts between good and evil can be found in the relationships be-tween spouses/ parents/ and children. A tale is found within a Zoroastrian scripture of a husband and wife, Mashya and Mashyoi. Both were overtaken by “malice between themselves” and “ From them was born in nine months a pair, male and female; and owing to tenderness for offspring the mother devoured one, and the father one” (Ballou, p. 176) . The assumption is

that Angra Mainyu (creator of evil) entered into their interpersonal relationship and caused their marriage to deteriorate and caused them to eat their children. Angra Mainyu causes people who are close to turn against one another and destroy their own relation-ships. The same dualism occurs when contrasting re-wards for good and evil behavior on a moral level. The existence of heaven and hell are very clear in Zoroas-trianism (Ballou, p. 205). It is declared that “light was above and darkness below, and between those two was open space” (Ballou, p. 205). Further, it is stated that “Ahura Mazda was in the light and Aharman in the darkness” (Ballou, p. 205). The lightness is heaven and the darkness is hell. The final judgment is an essen-tial teaching in Zoroastrianism. After people die, they are judged on the basis of their deeds. Heaven is the greatest reward for the good and hell is the greatest reward for the evil (Ballou, p. 171). There is yet another evil and good dualism at the mental/ individual level. An explation of such a level explains “At the beginning both these Mentalities became conscious of each oth-er, / The one being a Mentality better in thought, and word, and deed, than the other Mentality who is bad./ Now let the just man discriminate between these two, and choose the benevolent one, not the bad one” (Bal-lou, p. 214). The previous quote accurately describes the Zoroastrian understanding of good and evil inside each of us mentally. We as humans are constantly bat-tling good and evil within ourselves.

There is yet another play of good and evil dualism at the divine level as can be seen by Ahura Mazda bat-tling Angra Maingu. From the Pahlavi texts, the battle between Ahura Mazda and Angra Maingu becomes clear. The story is told of how the light was above and darkness below, and that “Ahura Mazda came forth to the struggle for keeping Angra Mainyu away from his territory; and he did it through pure words, confound-ing witchcraft, and cast him back to the gloom” ( Bal-lou, p. 205). In all six levels, Ahura Mazda, the supreme god, makes a distinction between good and evil in the universe and acts for the good of people, similar to Krishna.

The theme of God acting on behalf of people and their goodness has no exception in The Book of Exo-dus from Judism which represents the mass emigra-tion of Israelites enslaved in Egypt led by Moses (Bal-lou, pp 271-276). The relationship between God and the Israelites can be examined from the following sen-tence: “I will send thee unto Pharaoh, that thou may-est bring forth my people, the children of Isreal, out of Egypt” ( Ballou, p.267).The Israelites are considered

Book_2010.indd 14 7/4/2010 10:13:24 AM


to be the children of God, and are thought to be the “good” in the story. In deeming Israelites as good, God has determined the Egyptians as evil and explains to Moses, “ For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast” (Ballou, pp. 268-9). This quote reveals that God is taking an active role in elimi-nating evil which is important because that is the duty of God in my opinion. The final destruction of evil in this book is found when God is leading the children of Israel out of Egypt, and the Pharaoh’s heart turns against the people and he “makes ready his chariot” to pursue after the children of Israel (Ballou, p. 271). God tells the Israelites to pick up and go through the sea, while the Egyptians are chasing after them (Bal-lou, p. 271). Moses lifts his hand and the sea divides; Israelites proceed through and Egyptians follow, but God confuses the Egyptians and breaks their chariots (Ballou, p. 272). Moses lifts his hand again and the sea returns, killing the Egyptians and Pharaoh (Ballou, pp 271-272). In my opinion, God did the right thing in killing the Egyptians because he was doing what was morally and ethically good.

I believe society today has a preconceived notion that God should be neutral in all matters and willing to understand all situations, even those involving sin.

I understand that perception, but I don’t agree with it. I am very compelled by this story because God does not remain neutral; he clearly picks the side that is morally right. God is on the side of freedom for the people of Israel and willing to take action to defend them. It may be interesting to observe it in another way: What if God’s chosen people, the Israelites, were the ones enslaving the Egyptians? I can say with honesty that I think God would have killed his own children to promote freedom and do what is morally correct. Although this would probably contradict the traditional Jewish worldview, I hold God to certain moral and ethical standards and believe that if his own children were doing wrong, he would kill them just as he did the Egyptians.

As can be clearly observed from the three represen-tations of good and evil from above, the moral dilem-ma is one that will always plague religion. Is there re-ally ever a way to determine if our actions are morally good? Each religion inspires its own interpretation of what is good and evil: Hinduism stresses the impor-tance of following caste duty, Zoroastrianism reveals universal dualism through Ahura Mazda and Angra Mainyu, and Judism has “god” acting on behalf of the Israelites. Ultimately, it is up the individual to decide which interpretation is best for them.

"FON-NJ friends and family wishes Nepal Center of North Carolina (NCNC) a greater success in their tenure and also each Nepali community member a very happy Bijaya Dashami and successful year 2067. Let's join our hands together for a common interest i.e.; to build an everlasting & stronger Nepali community."

Friends Of Nepal - New Jersey Community

visit www.fonnj.org for more details

Book_2010.indd 15 7/4/2010 10:13:24 AM

Sangalo 2010 Issue 10, Year 104

Probiotics and its Relationship with Human Health

Dr. Shreekant Adhikari

Microbial cultures have been used for thousands of years in food and alcoholic fermentations. In the past century they have undergone scientific scrutiny for their ability to prevent and cure a variety of diseases which ultimately led to the coining of the term probi-otics. The term probiotic means “for life” and this name is now mostly used to refer to concentrated supple-ments of beneficial or good bacteria taken by human and animals to treat or prevent a clinical disorder. Pro-biotics promote the body’s natural immunity, keep us healthy and help our digestion, and also control of cholesterol, cancers, allergies, etc.

The first fermented milk for human consumption using probiotics was recorded as far back as 6,000 years ago. After that, probiotics became popular with animal nutrition. The scientific interest in this area boosted after the publication of the book entitled The Porlongation of Life by Ellie Metchinkoff (Nobel Prize recipient) working at Pasteur Institute. He observed that Bulgaria had an incredible number of people who lived more than 100 years without using the modern medicine but consumed large quantities of

yogurt. He isolated the responsible bacteria as lactobacilli from yogurt and used them in tri-als. He suggested that people should con-sume fermented milk containing lactobacilli to prolong their lives. Since then, researchers started investigations relating to the role of lactic acid bacteria in human and animal health.

The use of probiotics resulting in alleviation of lactose intolerance

due to increased concentration of ß-galactosidase in the small intestine, relief from constipation by in-

creased bowel function, antitumour activities due to inhibition of tumour cells, destruction of carcinogens, etc. Intestinal infections caused by Escherichia coli, Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni, Clostridium perfri-gens and C. botulinum were reduced in the presence of Lactobacillus supplements. Probiotics also improve our immune system by producing antimicrobial sub-stances and increase absorption of calcium.

Probitocs is important in the prevention of os-teoporosis, production of B vitamin, and sup-port of healthy liver func-tion. It normalizes bowel elimination problem by promoting of regularity. It alleviates bowel wind, bloating and belching, as-sists in cholesterol man-agement. It also protects us against harmful bacte-ria, fungi and virus from infection.

It is thought that more than one hundred species and more than 10 billion bacteria coexist in the hu-man intestine. Bacteria in the human intestine are divided into two groups: useful bacteria and harmful bacteria. Human health is thought to be maintained by a balance of useful and harmful bacteria. Bacteria that live in the human intestine and control the bal-ance of intestinal microflora and finally elicit physi-ological and beneficial effects on health of the host. The definition of probiotics was expanded to living bacteria or mixed bacteria that have beneficial effects on the gastrointestinal and respiratory system of the host by improvement of the balance of intestinal flora. It has been recently defined probiotics more widely as bacteria that work to maintain the host’s health.

Probiotics have been suggested to have the follow-ing properties and functions: (i) adherence to host epithelial tissue, (ii) acid resistance and bile tolerance,

Digestive system (bacterial colonization)

Lactobacillus (probiotics) in intestine

Book_2010.indd 16 7/4/2010 10:13:24 AM


(iii) elimination of pathogens or reduction in patho-genic adherence, (iv) production of acids, hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocins antagonistic to pathogen growth, and (v) safety, non-pathogenic and non-car-cinogenic. Thus, a good probiotic agent needs to non-pathogenic, non toxic, resistant to gastric acid, adhere to gut epithelial tissue and produce antibacterial substances. It should persist, for short periods in the gastro-intestinal tract influencing metabolic activities like cholesterol assimilation, lactose activity and vita-min production. The survival of probiotic organisms in the gut depends on the colonization factors that they possess organelles which enable them to resist the antibacterial mechanisms that operate in the gut. In addition the antibacterial mechanisms, they need to avoid the effects of peristalsis, which tend to flush out bacteria. The probiotic strain needs to be resistant to the bile acid.

Probiotics can be bacteria, moulds or yeast. But most probiotics are bacteria. Among bacteria, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are more popular. Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. casei, L. lactis, L. helviticus, L. salivarius, L. plantrum, L. bulgaricus, L. rhamnosus, L. johnsonii, L. reuteri, L. fermentum, L. delbrueckii, Streptococcus faecium, E. faecalis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, B. breve, B. longum are commonly used probiotics. These are thought to be safe bacteria that have been ingested from foods without any problems for many years. They are known as GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) bacteria that are important for animal health. A probiotic may be made out of a single bacterial strain or it may be a consortium as well. Probiotics can be in powder form, liquid form, gel, paste, granules or avail-able in the form of capsules etc. Probiotics have been extensively studied under in vitro and in vivo condi-tions.

The main fields of research with respect to probi-otics are heart diseases, allergic reaction cancer, diar-

rhea etc. The use of probiotics resulting in alleviation of lactose intolerance due to increased concerntration of B-galactosidase in the small intestine, relief from constipation by increased bowel function, antimour activities due to inhibition of tumour cells, destruc-tion of carcinogens etc. have been well documented. Probiotic strains, especially lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have a major role to play in the cholesterol lowering mechanism. As the cholesterol level keeps increasing in the serum, it leads to cardiac diseases. The choles-terol level can be brought down using probiotic. The mechanisms can be direct or indirect. Direct mecha-nism is either inhibiting the de novo synthesis or by decreasing the intestinal absorption of dietary cho-lesterol. Probiotic strains assimilate the cholesterol for their own metabolism. Probiotic strains can get bound to the cholesterol molecule and they are capable of degrading cholesterol to its catabolic products.

Probiotics are available to consumers mainly in the form of dietary supplements and foods. This is the time for probiotics - for life. Today’s stressful world contributes to the loss of good bacteria in the body. Some microorganisms like bacteria, fungi and viruses that we encounter daily are not only unfriendly but they are also very harmful. Some can even kill us. For this reason, we must bring back the beneficial bac-teria to the gut lining. We need to use safe beneficial bacteria supplements that really work. It is important that the product we select delivers friendly bacteria to specific areas of our intestinal tract. A lot of probiotic products on the market are lunched today. In Nepal, Nepal Dairy Development Corporation has scheduled the probiotic curd in the market for the supplemen-tation of good bacteria to maintain the good health. The probiotics supplementation is now becoming a choice of reference for medical doctors, healthcare practitioners, and pharmacists to maintain human health world-wide.

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Book_2010.indd 17 7/4/2010 10:13:25 AM


Nepali Class in North Carolina:Concept and Prospect

Shashi Bhatta

One of the goals of Nepal Center of North Caroli-na (NCNC) is to protect Nepali culture and heritage. NCNC wanted to pursue this goal by offering a Nepali class to young generation. NCNC started Nepali class for our young children in January of 2010. So far what we have witnessed is a successful program with over-whelming support and large participation.

While many children in the community have very basic understanding of the Nepali language and cul-ture, they have difficulty speaking Nepali and do not know other aspects of Nepali culture not practiced in their family. NCNC formed a school managing com-mittee that would organize and run a Nepali class. A group of volunteers worked together with the inter-ested parents, found the place to run the class and collectively designed the format of the class.

The class focuses on teaching the Nepali alphabets and simple conversations in Nepali. In addition, the class also allows children listening to Nepali songs, lis-ten to Nepali stories and understand the meaning of words in the songs and stories in simple words. The children also play Nepali games. Our dedicated teach-ers and several volunteers help run the class to make it interesting for the children.

This way, standard class to class routine is not fol-lowed; rather the focus is on both teaching the alpha-bets and teaching Nepali culture. We thought that if we followed a typical classroom routine, children might become bored and may loose interest. There-fore, in each class, the teachers focus on teaching alphabets for a few minutes in the beginning of the class and introduce new and cultural material to keep the children interested.

The cultural materials we cover include singing Nepali songs with their teacher (sing-a-long), listen to Nepali stories from the teachers and a question and answer session. Often, children also play Nepali games their parents used to play while growing up in Nepal. Children are also taught to make conver-

sation in Nepali language. The volunteers (usually high school students) help to sepa-rate the children into smaller groups when needed to allow age appropriate learning ac-tivities. This way, teachers and the volunteers try their best to keep the kids interested and focused and the children love what they are doing and keep coming back to the class. While children have fun in the class learn-ing, parents also have fun having conversations with other parents.

We feel that the class has been successful because the class attendance has not dropped. The success of the class is due to the combination of dedicated vol-unteer teachers, hard working school managing com-mittee, enthusiastic and eager to learn kids. Parents also play a big role in the success of the class. They are dedicated to bring their kids to the class every week. As a mother of a seven year old girl and a four year old boy attending these classes, I have already seen the difference the class has made. My children attempt to have conversations in Nepali now. In the past, when they were asked a question in Nepali, they always re-plied to us in English.

A nominal fee is charged on a monthly basis to cover the rental expenses for the classroom and light refreshment for the children. It may not be a perfect model of teaching the Nepali language and culture for children in the United States, but it has worked so far for our NCNC community. NCNC plans to continue this Nepali class for young children as long as they are enthusiastic to learn and parents keep bringing their children to the classes. Resources permitting, we wish to expand this class to teenagers also.

The lessons of Nepali class will have a positive im-pact on our children’s lives because they will learn a second language. They are growing up in a society where learning a second language is almost manda-

Book_2010.indd 18 7/4/2010 10:13:25 AM


tory. Schools and colleges encourage students to be bilingual or multi-lingual. Young children will also learn Nepali heritage and culture so they can relate to their parents and grandparents. I personally feel that

remembering this class when they grow up will itself be a great contribution our community has made to promote Nepali language and culture in the United States. (Please reorganize the last sentence)

Chronological Order of NCNC Former Presidents1. Mr. Ishwar Devkota (2000-2001)2. Mrs. Annapurna Deo (2002-2003)3. Mr. Ishwar Devkota (2004-2005)4. Mr. Ishwar Devkota (2006-2007)5. Mr. Nagendra Neupane (2008-2009)

Responsibility Distribution Among BOD Members

1. Advisory board, website, and trustee:

Arun Dhital

2. Public Relation: Shreekanta Gautam

3. Data collection: Udhav Karki

4. Communication, publication, cultural activities

and sports: Shailendra Devkota

5. Finance, fund raise and membership drive:

Uttam Sedai

6. School and kids activities: Shashi Bhatta

7. Health and Youth activities: Dr. Rajesh Subedi

8. Women activities: Prabha Marhatta

9. Social activities: Basanta Khadka

Various Wings/Committees1. School managing committee: Shyam Aryal (co-coordinator)2. Community Center Formation Committee

(CCFC): Dr. Bal Krishna Sharma (coordinator)3. By laws committee: Ishwar Devkota (coordinator)4. Youth Committee: Dr. Sushma Pradhan (coordinator)5. Cultural Committee: Shanti Rajlawat (advisor)6. Publication Committee:

Dr. Narayan Rajbhandari (advisor)

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Book_2010.indd 19 7/4/2010 10:13:25 AM


Some Healthy Foods You Should Eat

Shova Khanal

There are a lot of healthy foods, but I am choosing some of the foods that I think you should eat. Nutri-ents in these foods help our body to stay healthy.

AvocadosAvocados are high in fat.

It contains monounsatu-rated fat (good fat) and full of vitamins and minerals. Monounsaturated fat helps to lower low-density lipo-

protein (LDL) which is also called bad cholesterol and it helps to increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL) which is also called as good cholesterol. Like bananas, avocado is also a good source of potassium which helps to regulate blood pressure. It is a good source of fiber and other vitamins. Even a small baby can eat av-ocado because it is easily digested by a normal child’s body. We can peal its skin and enjoy ripe avocado. We can make guacamole by mixing ripe avocados with onion, tomato, lemon and other spices.

AlmondsAlmonds contain good

source of plant protein which is good for our body. It has a lot of antioxidant, magnesium, calcium, potas-sium, and iron. It also con-tains vitamin E which helps to improve our skin health.

Almond contains heart healthy monounsaturated fat which helps lower cholesterol. Al mond may also help to increase memory. We can eat almonds between meals as a snack. Whole unsalted almond with skin is good.

OatmealOats are good sourc-

es of both soluble and insoluble fiber. Soluble fiber helps lower bad cholesterol (LDL) with-

out lowering the good cholesterol (HDL). Soluble fiber

also delays the digestion of the sugar which helps to regulate blood sugar. Its insoluble fiber helps to regulate bowl move-ment. Oat is also a good source of protein, and it has many nutrients including iron, zinc, vitamin E, selenium and mag-nesium. Plain oatmeal without added sugar and salt is good. We can eat it as a breakfast or any time. We can add nuts or fruits to get better test.

YogurtYogurt is high in calcium

because it is made of milk. Calcium makes our bone strong and it helps to loose our body fat as well. It is also good source of protein, po-tassium and other nutrients.

Live bacteria in yogurt make our immune system strong, and it helps the digestion of food. Yogurt’s live bacteria help reduce level of lactose in yogurt, so it can be a dairy alternative for people who can’t tol-erate lactose. We can choose low fat plain yogurt to avoid the extra sugar and animal fat.

FlaxseedsFlaxseeds are high in both

soluble and insoluble fiber. It is rich in Omega-3 fatty acid which helps us to get rid of inflammation. Omega 3 fatty acid helps to protect blood clot which protects against heart at-tack. It also controls and lowers the high blood pressure. We can buy whole or ground flaxseed in any grocery store. The ground-ed flaxseed is easily observed by our body. We can use it as a

sesame seed. We can sprinkle the grounded flaxseed in pasta, potato salad (Alu ko Achar in Nepali word) or yogurt.

Book_2010.indd 20 7/4/2010 10:13:26 AM


Olive oilOlive oil contains a heart

healthy fat. Its monounsatu-rated fat helps lower bad cholesterol and promotes healthy heart. Consuming two tablespoons of olive oil helps to reduce bad choles-terol. It works better if we replace butter or other oil

with olive oil. Heating olive oil may kill its nutritional benefits so you can use the unheated olive oil in food. You can spread the olive oil in bread or boiled veg-etables. Less processed ones; virgin or extra virgin oil is the best choice.

BeansBeans are plant source

of protein which is low in fat. Bean has significant amount of soluble and in-soluble fiber that helps re-duce bad cholesterol. Beans are good source of B- vita-mins which include B12, B6 and niacin; and it also has

folate, magnesium and omega-3 fatty acid. High dose of niacin helps to increase good cholesterol (HDL). We can soak dry beans overnight to get rid of excess gas. Some beans contains toxins, we can cook in high heat rather than slow cooker to get rid of toxins. We can choose any kind of dry beans, and we can mix them together.

Random Facts By Ramesh Pandey AKA ‘Ramy’

Photo Sources: google.com and whfoods.com

F Kangaroos cannot walk backwards.

F Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise.

F Robert Pershing Wadlow was the tallest man in history. He reached a towering height of 8 feet 11 inches at his death (age 22).

F Dannion Brinkley returned to life 28 minutes af ter he was pronounced dead. He recalls his near-death experience as follows:-“I start down this tunnel. I see what appears to be a form coming out of this beautiful misty blue. Then all of a sudden, I not only felt ev-erything I’d ever done and saw everything I’d ever done, I became every person that I’d ever encountered.” -- Dannion Brinkle

F Chuck Norris (the main star of “Walker, Texas

Ranger”), is a seven-time undefeated world professional middleweight karate champion. In 1997, he was the only westerner to receive 8th degree black belt recognition in Taekwondo system. In the movie “Return of the dragon” (AKA “Way of the dragon”), his climax fight with the legendary Bruce Lee in the middle of Ro-man Coliseum, is the most sophisticated fight ever captured on film.

F There are no clocks in Las Vegas casinos.

F Jellyfishes have no brain, no heart, and no blood. They are made up of more than 95%

water.

F Tooth enamel is the hardest substance in the human body.

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Book_2010.indd 21 7/4/2010 10:13:26 AM


My last VacationAyushma Sharma

Grade 3, Cedar Fork Elementary School

My name is Ayushma and I am going to tell you about my best vacation ever. It was my cousin sis-ter Pratigya’s wedding at Washington DC in last sum-mer. We were going to Washington DC from Omaha, Nebraska to attend this wedding. Babu Ram uncle drove us to the Omaha airport. It was my first time be-ing in an airport after I know the things by myself. I got so excited. I jumped up and down with excitement. I couldn’t believe it, I yelled!!.

We got on the plane. The plane from Chicago to DC was really huge and was not boring. Finally we land-ed at the Washington DC airport. We were in the very back seat. So we had to wait till we could get out. We could finally get off the plain. Then we had to walk to get to the gate. While we were walking, my dad called Pratigya Didi to tell her that we were standing in front of the gate C1. She arrived there in a while and she drove us to home.

We reached home in a few minutes. Every one said welcome and Thulo Mamu said she was there. I hugged Thulo Mamu and Thulo Baba and I felt so warm. Ashra, my cousin was jumping on the bed. She told me to come and jump with her. I told her I did not think she should jump. At that moment she got in trouble. I thought she got in trouble a lot because it had just been 15 minutes since I had been there and she was already in trouble. I was really excited to see all my own relatives there. I met Hema Bhauju too. She was really nice and she loved me a lot. She has a cute son. I ate some thing and took a rest for a while, played and went to the bed after midnight.

Next day is my sister’s weeding day and I was very excited about it. We dressed up and it was time to leave. We left with Prajwol Dada’s friend in his car and it took for ever to reach to the wedding place. We got to the wedding place. We met Pratigya Didi and somebody was decorating her hair. Ashra and I were amazed how pretty she looked. Her sari was so pretty. It was filled with sitaras. She looked more beautiful than ever.

Finally, the Janti came. Everyone came dancing. It was so so so funny. Boys and girls were dancing and singing. There were so many funny songs I could not follow. Then they went in to do Swoyamber. There Saujan Bhinaju (groom) had to put the ring on Pratig-ya Didi’s (bride) finger. He did. Then it was Pratigya didi’s turn to put the ring on Saujan Bhinaju’s finger,

but Saujan Bhinaju would not let her so the wedding was canceled…..!! Ha ha…. just kidding !!!!!!!. He fi-nally let her. Then Saujan Bhinaju had to put a sikri around Pratigya didi’s neck. Then she had to put a sikri around Saujan Bhinaju’s neck. But again, Saujan Bhinaju would not let her do that by standing on his tippy toes. It was so entertaining and every one was laughing. Then Bhinajus sister told Pratigya Didi that she had to tell Bhinaju how much she loved him. Then only he would let her put that sikri on him. She was a little shy but she had to do it, so she told Bhinaju that she loved him a lot. Then he let her put the sickri on him. Then there was a long Pooja. Finally there was a time for another exciting part - the shoes hiding and tana tan. We, the girl’s side won that tana tan part and we were very happy. Then again there was more pooja. Finally it was a time for dulai aanmaune. Every-one on our side was little sad and eyes were filled with tears. I did not really understand but I was also sad to see Thulo Baba crying like a little baby. All my relatives including Thulo Mamu, Nanu Didi, another Thulo Baba and Thulu Mamu and even my dad were almost cry-ing. Finally the biha was over.

After three hours, there was a reception party. Guests started arriving and Thulo Baba and Thulo Mamu were busy in welcoming them. Then it was a time for dance party. I was the first one to go for the dance. After me, there were more dances to follow. Finally there was a dinner and DJ.

The next day we went to see the White House and the Washington Monument. We walked around the White House area and I was very excited thinking if I would be able to see president Obama with his daughters Sasha (Natasha) and Malia playing in the back yard of the White House. The same evening, it was time to go to meet my sister Pratigya Didi. That night she came back home with us from Saujan Bhi-naju’s home for the night and we talked and talked and talked a lot. The next morning we went to NY. We reached to NY and looked around the Time Square area. We went there on a ferry and we also saw the Statue of Liberty. I was excited to see the statue from so close. There we stayed for another night. The next day it was time for us to leave. We said bye to every body and left to the airport. We got on the first flight easily but for the second flight from Chicago to Oma-ha we were running late. Finally we reached Omaha after midnight, and then we went home and slept. Anyway, this is my best vacation for ever!!

Book_2010.indd 22 7/4/2010 10:13:26 AM


Nepali Culture and Parampara Needs Change

Padam P. Paudel, M.D.

Nepalese are proud to follow our paramparas for decades. There are many rituals on the basis of culture which are good and logical that we should follow. On the basis of Hamro Dharma, there are many cultural rituals based on paramparas but are not necessarily based on Vedic or Sanatan Dharma. We must modify or discard these cultural paramparas which are not suitable for this logical- and rapidly-changing time and world. Even the Mother Nature has to change for the benefit of her human, animal, and plant kingdoms and we intelligent humans must learn to adapt fast.

Cast systems, according to Bhagavat Gita or Lord Krishna’s teachings, are based on professions, national security, trade, agriculture, and labor status of the so-ciety. Professions include doctors, engineers, lawyers, and so on. As the time has changed and human needs are various, the so-called untouchables and lower cast people are emerging as equals or even better as pro-fessionals. The Sarkis, the untouchables who work on leathers, have created an essential profession called Leather Industry or Shoe Industry. The cloth making, garment stitching like menial jobs, we used to call before Damai and Achhute before have emerged as million- to billion-dollar industries and have their own owners and C.E.Os. The fashion developers and designers who are the Damais are considered as the celebrities nowadays.

The narthakis, musicians, or the Damais have domi-nated the Hollywood and Bollywood industry. They are worshiped more than one’s own teachers and parents. Chyamays, the plumbers, and the plumbing business and industry has emerged as the essential commodity for the modern housing and luxurious living. These services are essential for a modern city. Proper road construction and drainage system are paramount necessary. Therefore, it demonstrates and shows clearly that the cast system in the beginning was good but now we must recognize the changed circumstances and accept the change sooner the better. The conservatives must realize now that we all need each other for better quality of our society and improve our standard of living, education, and unself-ish politics.

The profession of Pundits, Purohits, and other reli-gious teachers is essential for proper teaching of ritu-als and modern culture, and for the performance of religious functions such as weddings, celebration of birth, and death. These individuals are not on the pay-roll. It is time now they develop a system of fixed pay-ment rate for their services, and charge accordingly. Our society should not condemn them when they ask for money. The society must guide them to charge their fees for the actual and rightful time in terms of hours and minutes. Our society is busy and would not like wasting time and get unnecessarily bored. The Pu-rohits taking longer time would demand larger fees. At the time of death, purohits must not take undue advantages of the relatives of the dead persons.

All the rituals can be done within a week. The 13 days of Kriya ceremony is made up by the purohits and society in the past and is not needed in the mod-ern day lifestyle. Prolonging the process affects the health and economy of the relatives whose lives have to go on. We must learn to care our parents, help them economically and spiritually as much as possible while they are alive. Majority of us shed our crocodile tears and cry loudly when they die and spend a lot of money for the expensive funeral and post funeral paramparas. This results in unnecessary mental, physi-cal, and economic sufferings. No matter how rich you may be, you cannot buy Shwarga, Baikunta, or Nirvana for your parents. Treat them well with love and care while they are alive. That’s what counts.

Bartha fasting and pooja activities are auspicious. Every one of us should perform them whenever pos-sible. The God created the days equally. Any days are good for remembering and worshiping the Lord in whatever form you like. Any food except the meat is good for Prasad. Christians, Muslims, and other reli-gions picked up one day of the week, such as Sunday or Friday, as these days were convenient and available for the majority. There is no need to wait for any par-ticular day to worship or perform pooja. One can per-form pooja on his their own or invite the Purohit on the day available to one’s family. We must remember that no one else, not your purohit or any one of your family members can buy or get Moxcha, Nirvana, or

Book_2010.indd 23 7/4/2010 10:13:26 AM


Baikuntha for you. When you die, your children will do Samskar, Shradha or donate money but they cannot buy Baikunta, Nirvana, or Moxcha for you. So you have

to do good things and reduce one’s Vasanas as much as possible. This is what Lord Krishna preaches in one of his Geeta lessons.

NCNC Financial Statement Continue from Previous PageTotal Expenses $ 913.00

Net Income from Manoj's Program $ 127.00 $ 10,171.51

Other Income

Situ Awasthi's Charity Program $ 155.00

Total Income $ 155.00

Other Expenses

Nepali School Activities $ 20.00

New Sound System Purchase, Cable, Printer Paper $ 619.35


Net NCNC account Balance on 6/11/2010 $ 9,687.16 $ 9,687.16

Nepali School Summary: Total School Income: $860.00, Total School Expenses: $593.30, Net Income from School: $266.70 SANGALO Ad Collection (As of June 15 2010): $700.00

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Book_2010.indd 24 7/4/2010 10:13:27 AM


Mother

Jasmine Sinkhada

The best gift I have ever received is the gift of life. Without being alive today, I would not have met the people I know today and would not have experienced the wonderful events I have experienced in my life-time. There is still so much more to come. Even though there are trials and tribulations along the way, those are the moments that I have learned to keep faith and to follow my dreams throughout. There have been plenty of mistakes and so many unfortunates, but a new beginning always awaited the arrival of my best days and left me with a smile. The best gift I have ever gotten is the pleasure of having my mother, Prakriti Pant, as my mother. Life has been an amazing experi-ence so far. I have gone from seeing the moon for see-ing itself into the sunrise. I waited for so long for that bright day to come when I could start all over. How-ever, in all, it is the truth; a new beginning is nothing but a desire from the heart. If your desires are strong, and indeed in depth, then there is nothing more than what is needed.

An integration of beauty, faith, and bravery is my mother, Prakriti Pant. Something is easier to say, while others remain unsaid until the end. Only if you could do as your heart commands you to do, then life would be much easier. However, it is not that simple to tell someone just how much you love them. There is one person that I admire the most in this whole world is my mother. The best things in my life are unseen, but within these 15 years of living, I have seen occurrenc-es that are unimaginable and undesirable for many. I don’t believe there is a word created to describe the beauty of my mother’s heart, and even if there is, it is not worthy. There isn’t another person who has sacri-

ficed as much as she has. She is the person who gulps her thirst and grants others with the purity of keen water. The thing she has been through is the guilt of my life, regret, a stain and an arch that cannot be removed. My mother un-derstands my silence, reads my thoughts, questions my tears, and always succeeds to inspire me.

My mother is like the breeze that gives others an essence of life. She is like the bird, which spreads her wings to fly, representing freedom. Because life should be lived within your aspects, she tells me tomorrow will not await; so live it up. An ever so naive and an innocent person; though when it is about the battle, there isn’t a stronger soldier. My mother is the person and the reason for whom and what I am today. The best gift she has granted me is the priceless value that help me to develop my character and to guide me to never lose faith. She always tells me that life is full of paths that might get us down, but these are the tri-als God wants us to foresee. Once we overlook these paths, life would be a wonderful experience. Without falling down or making mistakes, you will never know. My mom has brightened my darkest days and walked with my sorrowful as well as prosperous days.

My mother teaches me to always believe in myself and to trust that everything will eventually fall in its place, as time mends these situations. All in all, my mother is the most wonderful person in my life and I love her from my heart.

ljhof bzdL tyf z'e–bLkfjnL 2067 sf] pknIodf xflb{s d+undo z'e –sfdgf JoQm

ub{%f}+ .8f=gf/fo0f /fhe08f/L tyf lgd{nf /fhe08f/L, gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf

Book_2010.indd 25 7/4/2010 10:13:28 AM


Hinduism and its Effect on My Learning about its Beliefs

Sandesh Khanal

The teachings of Hinduism have been spread through Asia over millions of years. Hinduism has taught love, peace and respect for everyone else around you. It has extended over the years into the Western culture, and has changed opinions and be-liefs in the American society.

The concept of Hinduism began in 1400 B.C. It con-sisted of several different ideas coming into one in a sacred text called the Rig Veda. Rig Veda is considered to be foundation of of Hinduism and its roots. Howev-er, the religion itself has gone through many changes over the millions of years since the Rig Veda.

Hinduism and its beliefs in the American society have increased with the migration of Hindus every year to America. In past 50 years, the Hindu popula-tion increased from 1700 to 2 million in the U.S (“Hin-duism”). “By 1994, in the United States alone, there were more than 800 temples opened” (“Hinduism”). The beliefs of reincarnation and karma were intro-duced from the Hindu culture. Nowadays, in America, the idea of karma (what goes around, comes around) has become a very popular saying.

And, also, the concept of reincarnation has increased as Hindu population increased. Reincarnation is the idea of being reborn into a higher or a lower class by the actions of an individual during his or her lifetime (“Hinduism”). As the religion moved westward, it also talked about “unity of all reality”, a concept of Brahma (a god of creation). “They also believe that there are three possible paths to salvation, or moksha, with each following a different yoga” (“Hinduism”). Yoga to Hindu is far more that an exercise. It is a spiritual path, “a form of discipline that enables a person to achieve oneness with the divine” (“Hinduism”). The second to achieve salvation is called the “the way of knowledge” yoga. This yoga helps a person realize a person is not an individual but is part of the God Brahma. This helps reduce bad karma this life. The third way to the path of salvation called the “way of devotion” or bhakti yoga (“Hinduism”). This path of salvation views the more personal, more emotional view of religion. Through

this path, the person surren-ders him or herself to a person Hindu god or goddess, usually through worship, pilgrimage, and rituals. In this way, a per-son can be absorbed into the divine reality, losing any sense of individual existence and be-coming one with Brahma (“Hinduism”).

A Hindu follower needs to pray every morning af-ter taking a shower, so that person can began day in luck. Also, people do this because they have an empty stomach which is necessary before you pray.

Hindu human life is divided into four stages. The first stage is the student stage, the second is the house-hold stage, the third is the hermit stage, and the last one is the wandering ascetic stage. These stages are not followed by all Hindus but ones who truly devote themselves into the path of god. These basic beliefs don’t require change in American society. However, these beliefs are behind certain behaviors that call for cultural change.

One of these behaviors is the treatment of cows in American society. In the Hindu religion, cows are con-sidered sacred because, in the verses of the Rig Veda, cow is referred as Devi (Goddess), identified with Aditi (mother of the gods) (“Hinduism”). The cow is not di-rectly worshipped. It is just protected due to the men-tion in the sacred texts. The other type of manners is that you can’t wear shoes inside the Hindu temple. It is because you don’t want to bring in with you the dirt and garbage inside a sacred area. You must wash your hands in order to touch the gods’ statue and pray be-cause you want to be clean as possible and don’t want to bring in the germs in the temple and keep the gods clean as possible. On every holiday, oil lamps called divas are lit and placed in front of the god statue ( Kadwala, Gateshill).

The foods used by the Hindus have appeared in more and more restaurants and specialty groceries

Book_2010.indd 26 7/4/2010 10:13:28 AM


stores. Also, general groceries store such as Food Lion and Wal-Mart have began to carry spices used primar-ily by the Hindus. In the beginning of the world civi-lization, Europeans began a route to Indian for their spices. Even today, Indian spices are treasured be-cause of their taste and their smell. The Hindu food is closely related to the country’s culture and traditions (“History of Indian Food”). The majority of the food is based on potatoes, combines with different spices. In Hindu culture, the food is consisting of fruit and cooked foods and sweets called bhog, considered an offering to gods and then retrieved as blessed food for consumption (Wangu).

Sweets are found all over Hindu culture. Sweets are used to celebrate all the festivals. There are many dif-ferent kind of sweets such as Gulab Jamun (which is made of milk balls dipped in syrup) and Halva which is made from semolina and sugar. These are the types of sweets that mostly show up during Hindu festivals and the cultural programs around America. The food required for festivals and cultural programs can im-pact the economy. Most of these foods are imported from India.

Hindus have made a splash in the economic side of the western culture. In Silicon Valley, CA, almost half the companies were launched by the Hindus.

The Pentium chip used in the PCs was developed by a Hindu named Vinod Dham (“DR.Jain”). Many CEO’s for large companies such as Pepsi, CitiGroup, and Bose are Hindus or have a major investment in these and many other companies. Hindus have be-come one of the model minorities because of their education and money matters. Yoga has become a 20 billion dollar business in America (DR. Jain). Hindu family in America makes more money than people of any other culture or religion. They are also doing high-skill occupancy jobs in America. A single Hindu person makes on an average of $26,000 higher in-come. So, as you can see a Hindus have made a lot of difference on the American economy both as a labor force or in a supervisory capacity. As a community as a whole, Hindu society has the lowest poverty rate at 8.2 in America (“Dr. Jain”).

Hinduism has brought many teachings to the western culture. Hinduism has become a lifestyle choice not just a religion. Their beliefs, practices, and how they affect society as a whole has changed over the years. The economic ladders that Hindus have climbed and the successes they have attained are amazing. Hinduism is the third largest culture in the world and has its teachings spread across the entire world.

Nepali Class

Sambriddhi Sapkota

My name is Samriddhi Sapkota. I am eight years old and live in Apex, NC with my dad, mom, and sister. I moved to the United States at the age of four. Back in Nepal, I had just started going to school. I don’t re-member my school, but everyone in my family tells me that I knew how to read and write in Nepali a little bit. When I moved here and when I started to go to school here, I forgot all the Nepali letters. Every morn-ing, my dad gets on the computer and read Kantipur online news. I always wondered what he was reading.

A couple of months ago, our Nepali community in North Carolina decided to start a new Nepali class for kids like me. When I heard this, I became very happy. The first day of Nepali class, I was nervous because I did not know how to write it. In Nepali class, I learn Nepali letters and I think it’s a great opportunity to

learn Nepali. The class gets to listen to stories every day. We also play games. After class, we eat snacks. Sometimes, we get to teach each other. The class has to say the Nepali let-ters that they know. We talk to each other in Nepali.

Right now, we just finished ka, kha; and now we are starting to learn a, aa, ee, ee. The class also has home-work to do at home. We talk about Nepal. The class gets their own book to write in. It is so much fun to be in the Nepali class, because you can see your friends, meet new friends, and learn Nepali. I hope I can soon read Nepali and be as cool as my sister.

Author is the student of Nepali school in North Carolina -Editor

Book_2010.indd 27 7/4/2010 10:13:28 AM


Beauty is...

Beauty can be seen, however, through the people we care, love, and trustBeauty is a belief that grants us the reassuranceBeauty is a dream we desire to foreseeBeauty is an imagination that we picture everydayBeauty is a wish on its way to come trueBeauty is in the nature,Beauty is loveBeauty is not something that can be seenBeauty is simply beautifulBeauty is the bright light,Beauty is the truthFrom the mountains that stand tall, to the rivers glowing with gleegiving you hope and faith to be strongIt is only felt deep within your heartIt must be felt with love, that can’t ever be seen or even touchedthat is always shining like a star,that lies deep beneath our heartthat you see everywhereThe most beautiful things in the world

Yasmine Sinkhada

Book_2010.indd 28 7/4/2010 10:13:29 AM


Book_2010.indd 29 7/4/2010 10:13:29 AM


Book_2010.indd 30 7/4/2010 10:13:30 AM

Watching program in NASeA/ANMA convetion at Raleigh, NC

Youth Forum at Raleigh convention

Picnic at the park Cultural show during New Year celebration

Shanti didi and crowd dancing during new year 2010

Youth committee discusses their summer program

Young ladies get together in New Year celebration

Seasoned local talents rock the stage during NASeA/ANMA convention

Book_2010.indd 31 7/4/2010 10:13:32 AM


Book_2010.indd 32 7/4/2010 10:13:33 AM


Top Ten Health Essentials We Should Never Forget

Rajesh Subedi, MD

What can we do to stay healthy and prevent dis-ease? We can get certain screening tests, take preven-tive medicine, if we needed, and practice healthy be-haviors. Screening tests can find diseases early when they are easier to treat. It is important to have regular checkups and screenings. Health experts from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force have made recommen-dations, based on scientific evidence, about testing for various conditions. We should talk to our doctor about which ones apply to us and when and how of-ten we should be tested. Here are the top ten disease prevention tips to get us started but it is important to remember that, this is not a complete list.

An Aspirin a DayWe have long known that aspirin reduces the risk

of heart attacks and strokes while increasing the chances of surviving them. Newer evidence indicates that aspirin can also reduce the risk of cancer of the colon, esophagus, stomach, rectum, and prostate. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recom-mends the use of aspirin for men age 45 to 79 years and women age 55 to 79 when potential benefit in cardiovascular outcome outweighs the potential harm from gastrointestinal bleeding. Always speak to your doctor about the benefits and risks of aspi-rin therapy before beginning a regular regimen. The recommended dose of aspirin is between 80 and 160 mg per day.

Stop SmokingTobacco use, cigarette smoking in particular, is

the leading preventable cause of death in the Unit-ed States. Tobacco use results in more than 400,000 deaths annually from cardiovascular disease, respira-tory disease, and cancer. Smoking during pregnancy results in the deaths of about 1000 infants annually and is associated with an increased risk for prema-ture birth and intrauterine growth retardation. Envi-ronmental tobacco smoke contributes to death in an estimated 38,000 people annually. Smoking cessation decreases the risk for heart disease, stroke, and lung disease.

Colon Cancer TestingSeveral major organizations, including the U.S.

Preventive Services Task Force, the American Cancer Society, and professional societies, have developed guidelines for colorectal cancer screening. Although details of their recommendations vary regarding which screening tests to use and how often to be screened, all of these organizations support screen-ing for colorectal cancer. People should talk with their health care provider about when to begin screening for colorectal cancer, what tests to have, the benefits and harms of each test, and how often to schedule appointments.

Blood Pressure ControlHigh blood pressure (HBP) or hypertension means

high pressure (tension) in the arteries. An elevation of the systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure increases the risk of developing heart (cardiac) disease, kidney (renal) disease, hardening of the arteries (atheroscle-rosis or arteriosclerosis), eye damage, and stroke (brain damage). The American Heart Association estimates high blood pressure affects approximately one in three adults in the United States. High blood pressure is defined as a consistently elevated blood pressure exceeding 140/90 mm Hg or lower if you have certain chronic conditions like diabetes, kidney disease, etc.

ImmunizationsGet recommended immunizations: annual flu shots

recommended for adults above 50 years of age and pneumococcal vaccines recommended after age 65. Smokers and people with chronic health problems have different recommendations. Please talk to your health care provider regarding your immunization needs. Tetanus immunization is given as a booster at least every ten years.

Stop/Limit Alcoholic DrinksAlcoholism and alcohol abuse affect all aspects of

our life. To start, long-term alcohol use can cause se-rious health complications, affecting virtually every organ in our body, including the brain. What’s more,

Book_2010.indd 33 7/4/2010 10:13:33 AM


problem drinking can also damage our emotional stability, finances, career, and the ability to build and sustain satisfying relationships. It is strongly recom-mended to stop or limit alcoholic drinks for healthy living. Moderate drinking is defined as less than seven drinks per week or three drinks per occasions for fe-males or less than 14 drinks per week or four drinks per occasions for men.

Get Your Vision CheckedVision screening: Recommended for people older

than 65 yr of age (5% blind and >50% show vision problems); visual impairment increases risk for falls and motor vehicle accidents, and interferes with ac-tivities of daily living and physical activities.

Cervical Cancer ScreeningThe USPSTF strongly recommends screening for

cervical cancer by pap smear in women who have been sexually active and have a cervix. Cervical cancer screening recommended within three years of start of

sexual activity or at 21 years of age whichever comes first. It is not routinely recommended in women older than age 65 if they have had adequate recent screen-ing with normal pap smears and are not otherwise at high risk for cervical cancer.

Check Your CholesterolA fasting lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-

C, and TG) in all adults over the age of 20 once every five years is recommended. Get the treatment if you need it. Also, healthy lifestyles like eating right food and adequate exercise may help to improve your cho-lesterol levels.

Get Tested for Breast CancerThe United States Preventive Service Task Force rec-

ommends screening mammography every other year for average risked women aged 50 to 74 years. The decision to start regular screening mammography be-fore the age of 50 years should be an individual one and you should talk to your doctor.

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Book_2010.indd 34 7/4/2010 10:13:34 AM


Book_2010.indd 35 7/4/2010 10:13:35 AM


What is Love…?

By Ramesh Pandey, AKA ‘Ramy’

When the God created us, love was undeniably the greatest gift he bestowed on us. The binding factor among people from the same or different races, re-ligions, customs, nationalities, or beliefs is love. Our hearts survive and enlarge from the warm love we share. True love is blind; it does not see any gap or inequalities but only seeks a true union of two souls. Love is eminent, yet it is the most evaded topic of conversation among us. So, I took a quick moment to analyze love in various branches of science.

Psychological Definition:

Most psychologists define love as a fusion of three major components: intimacy, passion, and commit-ment. Intimacy in a relationship refers to the sharing of mutual thoughts, desires, and emotions. Passion is the trait of being ardently emotional, and commit-ment is the promise to keep alive with mental and physical attachment. The triangle of these three com-ponents creates a harmony between two souls.

Chemical Definition:

From the chemical aspect, love is defined as the rush of chemicals like dopamine, norepinephrine, se-rotonin, etc. in our brain and body. Dopamine is the feeling good hormone of our body. When triggered it produces a feeling of bliss. Norepinephrine intensifies the pumping of the blood, escalating the heartbeat, resulting in increased excitement. Serotonin plays an important role in controlling our appetite, sleep, memory, etc. So, a person in love stays obsessed with lingering memories of love, loses appetite, remains restless, and has a clouded judgment.

Mathematical Definition:

In arithmetic terms, love is an entity that cannot be subtract-ed or divided but can always be added and multiplied.

In algebraic terms, love is a matrix composed of infinite ar-ray of explosive emotions profoundly tender and pas-sionate for someone in divine dimensions.

In geometric terms, it is a red heart-shaped struc-ture engraved in soul with glowing ink of fidelity, dedi-cation, and sacrifice.

Astronomical Definition:

In astronomic language, love is the force of attrac-tion that binds all heavenly bodies together. In the eternity of space, there is infinite number of worlds like ours. They are all bound together by scintillating stars forming planetary systems in the sky. These star clusters are bound together by a galaxy and all the galaxies are bound together to form this universe. So, love is the ultimate binding factor that keeps all heav-enly bodies in vicinity of one another.

No matter in how many angles we perceive love, they all fall under the common umbrella of attach-ment- physical or mental or both. I personally be-lieve that true and unconditional love is perpetual and death cannot part lovers from loving. The charge of their flaming emotions creates a vibrant energy, which gets transferred during reincarnation.

May true and unconditional love be invincible!


8f=afns[i0f zdf{ tyf /fwf zdf{, gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf

Book_2010.indd 36 7/4/2010 10:13:35 AM


NCNC’s first DecadeIshwar Devkota

It’s a pleasure just to realize that NCNC has reached this milestone! Yes! It has been 10 years since NCNC was incorporated here in North Carolina. Wow! When NCNC was being established ten years ago, we had many well wishes expressed for its formation and success from our friends. One that caught my atten-tion most was “Long Live NCNC”. I certainly think that this wish has been fulfilled and I hope that it remains fulfilled in future and thus hope that many more de-cades like this one will come for NCNC.

NCNC has been a center for our own Nepali broth-ers and sisters and our American friends to meet and build a bond of friendship, develop better citizenship through exchange of ideas and knowledge while maintaining our original roots imbedded deep inside our hearts. Many of NCNC activities in past 10 years clearly demonstrate these sentiments. For us now and for our generation in future, NCNC continues to be a forum to embrace Nepali sentiments in a significant way. I continue to meet many American friends who have been to Nepal or not been to Nepal who want to do something for Nepal and Nepali people. I have also started hearing our youths wanting to develop long term projects to make a difference in Nepal thru NCNC. As far as I am concerned any such attempt has already made the difference particularly when it comes from our youths. Isn’t it a goal of NCNC to get our youths and new generations focused on their roots?

Recently, one of our youth from our community wrote to me “I am currently getting my hours in for NHS (National Honor's Society) which is a program that helps you gain information of and about the pos-sibilities of scholarships. In order to make it to that, I need 60 hours of volunteering service hours every year. I have asked my teacher if volunteering at events and functions that the Nepal Center of North Caro-lina (NCNC) would be a part of it & he said it would”. I responded by saying that NCNC was created with this opportunity in mind. That is to provide a forum for our youths to connect with our community in a mean-ingful way and in process develop themselves to be responsible member of our community in particular and of the society in general. We have seen many of our youths thru this process successfully and in that regard NCNC has been what it was supposed to be. Then the concerned youth responded that “Now, I think I understand the purpose of NCNC better than I use to have an understanding of”. At this point I have to say “Go NCNC”!

Formally, NCNC is a 501 c(3) registered non-profit organiza-tion. NCNC has various activi-ties throughout the year that are of interest to Nepali and our American friends in NC. NCNC has received support by many individuals, organizations, and businesses. Center for South Asia Studies at Duke University, Town of Cary, Triangle Community Foundation, UNC Chapel Hill, have supported NCNC in past. I hope dur-ing coming decade NCNC is able to help empower our community in a broader way such as with providing opportunity to develop and learn more of civic so-ciety fundamentals as applicable here in US. To this end, hopefully, NCNC will be able to conduct at least one annual seminar on basic orientation that includes government, society, civic and legal responsibility of every citizen. And yet more, understanding on finan-cial and health care planning, and other rights and responsibilities on educational matters, family/per-sonal matters, and contemporary issues could also be covered. I have personally found these areas where many new immigrants could use help as they assimi-lates and adjust in this society. In summary, the goal is really to introduce our community members with the opportunities available through formal seminars, out-ing, guidance manuals, leaflets, and personal interac-tions with fellow country men, so that they can realize their fullest potential.

Friends, at the end, I like to humbly submit to you that “may our desire to enjoy peace, strengthen friend-ship, and opportunities for the future inspire all of us”. Let NCNC flourish. Therefore, until the time NCNC is on solid footing to help us at this time let’s ask how we can contribute to NCNC instead of what NCNC can do for us personally. Our ideas will be certainly helpful however NCNC needs our direct help more.

Looking back to the decade of NCNC thru my eyes and quick recollection, I find myself very satisfied and am pleased to list following NCNC activities.

1) Hosting two semi-Annual Conventions: NCNC has been hosting these meetings every year

together with Nepali New Year Celebrations in April and together with Dashain festival in October. These functions have been held in Raleigh, Cary, Durham, Burlington, and Greensboro at different years. Atten-

Book_2010.indd 37 7/4/2010 10:13:35 AM


dance ranged from 150 to 300.

2) Participation in area Cultural Festivals:Every year since its formation NCNC has been ac-

tive participant in the International Festival in Ra-leigh with our pageantry and color to promote the cultural theme of the Festival. This is one of the many ways NCNC has been contributing to the communi-ty. Of most significance was participation during fall of 2001. NCNC has also taken part in other cultural events in NC such as Durham Center Fest, Fun Four in Greensboro, Lazy Daze and Spring Daze in Cary.

3) Donate money for relief works and charities:NCNC has been helpful to raise money directly or to

encourage its members to donate money to charities and relief works. Some of the significant donations that come to mind are: Nepal Education and Cultur-al Center, Washington DC, Prime Minister’s Dharan Earthquake Relief Fund, Nepal, Sri Lanka Tsunami Re-lief Fund, HeNN-USA fund for a health post in Nepal, and many small contributions.

4) Creating new, and continuing current partner-ships with area institutions (such as universities) by providing information about Nepal:

NCNC was instrumental to help establish Everest Club at NC State University and has jointly conducted functions with Everest Club at NC State. NCNC also participated in charity International Dinner in Salem College, and also participated at fund raiser in David-son College for an Orphanage in Nepal.

5) Helping non-Nepalese going to Nepal by orienta-tion, information and guidance:

We get frequent inquires thru NCNC by many in-dividuals with enquires and orientation request for their work and travel to Nepal. These interactions have been to send letters/packages to Nepal, dos and don’ts answers, meetings, sharing nepali food and face to face meeting, language tutoring, and informa-tion on Nepal.

6) Helping Nepalese move into North Carolina: Many of our community friends have received new-

ly arrived Nepalis or people of Nepali origin and pro-vided warm hospitality until they are able to move on. Some other assistance are to provided english trans-lations of their nepali legal documents, make official statements on situation of individuals personally or thru NCNC and be general reference. Assisting with travel for the relatives/friends to come from Nepal to help out in emergencies, and making local arrange-ment has also been NCNC’s service to the community.

7) Publishing an annual newsletter with extensive educational information:

Initially it was simply named NCNC Newsletter,

later on our friends got innovative and changed the name to Sanskritik Sangalo, and now the name has yet changed to simply “Sangalo” which is in your hand. Whatever the name may be it has been a good publi-cation with extensive educational, social, and cultural information.

8) Greet and host dignitaries related to Nepal visit-ing North Carolina:

Believe it or not, Prime Minister of Nepal Hon. Mad-hav Kumar Nepal was the very first guest of NCNC here in Raleigh during 2000. Several Nepalese ambas-sadors, national heroes like Mahabir Pun, World Cyclist Pushkar Shah, philosophical personalities like Nepali Baba Tej Nath Sharma, Sri Khem Raj KeshabSharan, Sri Gulab Ji Maharaj and so on have been here and NCNC has coordinated a meeting with them directly or indirectly.

9) Maintaining an active relationship with other Nepalese Associations in North America.

NCNC has been participating in all other region-al and national conventions of Nepali association throughout the country. NCNC hosted two signifi-cant joint conventions here in Raleigh. In 2001 NCNC hosted a convention where several associations from southeast were present. Prime Minister of Nepal sent a message. In 2009 another joint convention was host-ed by NCNC together with NASeA, and ANMA.

10) Organizing Nepalese cultural programs.This event has been one of the popular program

of NCNC. During each meeting of our own, center stage is the cultural program. Our youths have an op-portunity to perform and exhibit nepali modern and folk dances, fashion shows, folk songs, comics, drama, play musical instrument and so on. Supplement to this effort is great presentations by NCNC of nation-ally renowned artists and groups from various cultural as well as entertainment industry. Music concert by Deep Shrestha group, Malati-Mangale play, Maha-Jodi drama and Prem Raja Mahat’s concert, music con-cert by Nabin Bhattarai, Shabbhu Jeet Banskota, Nhyo Bajracharya, Sabin Rai, Deepesh Bhattarai etc., Nepali movie presentation by Bhuvan KC, music concert by Shringara Nepal group, and lately Manoj Gajurel show all clearly indicate the quality and level of program NCNC has been organizing to inspire and bring our community together.

11) Helping and supporting with Nepali learning classes in Local Universities, and in the community locally, organizing poetry festivals, organizing other cultural events like Teez, and Saraswoti Puja, human rights seminar in Duke, Health Fairs, Yard Sales to help out others have been NCNC’s significant contributions to the community.

(Author is the founder president of NCNC -Editor)

Book_2010.indd 38 7/4/2010 10:13:35 AM

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Book_2010.indd 39 7/4/2010 10:13:35 AM


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I have presented some Sanskrit sholkas and their meaning in English language. They are wise sayings either in poetry or in prose with full of wisdom.

1. About the son (i) nfnot] k+rjiff{l0f bzjzf{l0f tf8o]t\ . k|fKt]if' if]8if] jif]{ k'q] ldqjbfr/]t\ ..Allow pampering of the children for (first) five years, reprimand them (after that) for ten years, (but) once they become sixteen years of age treat them like friends. (ii) Ps]gflk ;'k'q]0f ljBo'Q]g ;fw'gf . cfXflbt+ s'n+ ;j{ oyf rGb|]0f zj{/L ..An only son who is educated and virtuous brings joy to the whole family happy just as a single moon brings light at night.

2. About a woman and wife (i) oq gfo{:t' k'HoGt] /dGt] tq b]jtfM . oq}tf:t' g k"HoGt] ;jf{:tqfkmnfM ls|ofM ..The divine are extremely happy where women are respected (worshipped, figuratively), where they are not, all actions (projects) are fruitless. (ii) sfo]{if' dGqL s/0f]if' bf;L ?k]if' nIdLM Ifiof wl/qL . :g]x]if' dftf zog]z' j]Zof if6\sd{gf/L s'nwd{kTgL .. An ideal wife will have these six virtues she will be like a counselor in dealing with various situations, like a maid servant in serving her husband, like Goddess Lakshmi in beauty, like the earth in patience, like a mother in giving love and be like a courtesan in bed-room.

3. About wealth and business (i) g b]j]Eof] g ljk|]Eof] g aGw'Eof] g rfTdg] . hnfl/g[krf]/]Eof] lg>o+ wggfzgd\ ..The wealth that is not used for the gods, wise men, relatives or for oneself is destroyed by water, enemy, king and thieves. (ii) pBd]g lx l;¢olGt sfof{l0f g dgf]/y}M . g lx ;'Kt:o l;+x:o k|ljzlGt d'v] d[ufM ..Any work will not get accomplished just merely by

desiring for it’s completion. A ‘prey’ will not by itself come to the mouth of a sleeping lion. (iii) cZj+ g}j uh+ g}j Jof3|+ g}j r . chfk'q+ aln+ bwft' b]jf] ba{nfetsM ..No Horse - No Elephant - No Tiger - No Not at all!! Only the baby goat (Ajaa Putram) is sacrificed during any ritual. Conclusion is that even God does not pro-tect the weak!!

4. About education and Dharma (i) cn;:o s'tM ljBf cljB:o s'tM wgd\ . cwg:o s'tM ldqd\ cdlkq:o s'tM ;'vd\ ..How can a lazy one get educated, how can an un-educated man earn wealth, how can a penniless man have friends, and how can anyone be happy without friends ? (ii) ljBf ldq+ k|jf;]if' efof{ ldq+ u[x]if' r . Joflwt:of}ifw+ ldq+ wdf]{ ldq+ d[t:o r .. Knowledge is (your) friend in the journey, wife is the friend at home, drug is (like) friend in illness and dhar-ma is the friend after death.

5. About motherland and others (i) hggL hGde"ldZr hfXgjL r hgfb{gM . hgsM k~rdZr}j hsf/fM k~r b'n{efM .. Mother(hggL), motherland (hGde"ldM), the river Gan-ges (hfXgjL), God(hgfb{gM) and father(hgs) are the five words begin h (hsf/a) with and are very rare(b'n{efM) to get. (ii) k/f]ksf/fo kmnlGt j[IffM k/f]ksf/fo jxlGt gBM . k/f]ksf/fo b'xlGt ufjM k/f]ksf/fy{ldb+ zl//d\ ..Trees give fruits to assist others. Rivers flow to help others. Cows produce milk to feed others. In the same way, our own human body should also be employed for the assistance of others.


z}n]Gb| b]jsf]6f tyf ;kgf vgfn, gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf

Book_2010.indd 40 7/4/2010 10:13:36 AM


Book_2010.indd 41 7/4/2010 10:13:37 AM


s'GtL cfdfx?eujtL Gof}kfg]

PsfGtdf ha d a:b5'9f]sf v6\v6\ofp“5 d]/f] d'6'sf]s'n{G5g\ d]/f kfkx?jfWotf lyof] d]/f] hjfgLsf] .

sf]lknf lyof] pm d]/f] ue{sf]km\of“lslbP“ r6Ss pvfn]/k/]sf] lyP“ d ljjztfdf;dfhdf s;/L af“R5' eg]/ .

cf“vfx? Roflt–RoftLsgPsf]xf]/f] dnfO{ g} x]l//xG5d]/f] lhGbuL lkmtf{ b]pm elgcfkm\gf] hLjgsf] leIff dfuL /xG5 .

hGdfpg ;lSbg d csf]{ s0f{hlt g} si6 u/] klg

Ifdf u/]g of] d]/f] cfTdfn] dnfO{hlt g} k|0fo u/] klg .

Ps lgbf]{if afns lyof] pm?GYof] dnfO{ g} x]/L x]/L;d'Gb|df km\of“lslbP“ ;+;f/dfslxNo} kms]{/ gcfpg] u/L . d Ps >flkt cfdf x'“b}jsf] nLnf o:t} /x]5 egLPs dxfjL/ k'?if eP/ cfof] pm;"o{sf] k|tLs agL .

To;}n] x] ;+;fl/s cfdf xf]d]/f] e"nnfO{ :jLsf/ u/d h:t} sn+lst cfdf ag]/af“Rg] sfd eg] gu/ .

d]/f] Kof/f] ;f¤(];'lbk b]jsf]6fd}n] uf; s6fP/

x'sf{Psf] ufO{sf] afR5f]d]/} /ut / kl;gf r':bf–r':b}/ftf/ft ;f“9] aGof] .s's'/nfO{ l3p kr]g,af]sfn] s'le08f] lrg]g,lsn} ;d]t bfDnf] af]Sof]cflv/ kz' g lyof] .h'/f] km'nfp“b} 8'lqmof],ynf]df kfp/ dfb}{ al;/x]sfa'9L cfdf / ;fgf efO alxgLnfO{cfkm\gf] l;sf/ agfof] .efG;fdf k;L a'9L cfdfn]ksfPsf] eftsf] s;f}+8L vf]:of] .ls;fgL bfOn] eg{ nfu]sf]wfgsf] /f; 5f]8]g,el/of bfOsf] gfDnf] vf];L6'qmf–6'qmf kf/L rkfOlbof] .ul/a hgtfsf] em'k|f] s6]/f] klgb]Vg} ;s]g,cTofrf/sf] ;Ldf 5}g,

cGofon] 6'KkL gf3\of] .clg ;f/f b]z pln{of]a'9L cfdfn] 8f8' klgof]s'NnL bfOn]un u}+rL tls;fgL bfO–efph'n]s'6f] / sf]bfnf] af]s]/ p7] .s]xL gx'g]n]cfjfh lnP/ p7]s]jn 56\6fPsf]Pp6f ;f“9]sf] lj?4df .o:tf] nfUYof]9'ª\uf cfkm} al;{Psf] 5?vsf xf“uf cfkm}alh|Psf] 5lar/f], d]/f] ;f“9]sf] 9f8df .x'/L cfO{ cf“vfel/ w'nf] kfl/ To;sf] af6f] 5]Sbfs7} d]/f] ;f“9]cflQP/ otf / ptf bf}l8of]xf/ u'xf/df .cflv/ c;tsf] v]tL

slxn] kf] ;k|]sf] 5 /<dkfOTjn] 7f8f] ePsf] h'/f]sf] /f}+h'ª\u|'ª\u kfb}{Psk6s xAaf===cf“ u¥of],d]/} kfpmdf d'G6f] /fvLnDk;f/ k¥of] .s7}a/f .c?nfO{ xfGg] l;ª km'l:sP/eNeNtL /ut au]sf] 5,v'/ km'6]sf] 5 .lar/f] d]/f] ;f“9]cfh o;/L g} ynf k/sf] 5 .cf“;'n] el/Psf] cf“vfn]6'n'6'n' d]/f] cf“vfdf x]/Llxhf] dnfO{ xfGg] ;f“9]cfh d]/f] ;fd'bofsf] lev dflu/x]sf] 5 .d]/f] Kof/f] ;f“9] .l;ª\ km':s]sf] ;f“9] .d}n] uf; s6fP/ x'sf{Psf] ;f“9] .

-k|:t't sljtf NASeA-ANMA Convention 2009 df t[tLo :yfg xfl;n ug{ ;kmn ePsf] lyof] – ;+=_

Book_2010.indd 42 7/4/2010 10:13:37 AM


cgfof;}l;t' cj:yL

a;Gtn] gof“ kfOnf km]¥of]cf]OnfPsf] km"n kmlqmP/ cfof]vf]nfx?n] km]l/ ;';]nL v]Ng yfn]sf]OnLsf] æs'x'–s'x'Æ u'~hg yfNof]cgfof;},lhGbuLn] gof“ uLt ufpg yfNof]ltdL cfPsf] cfef; lbg yfNof], t/ltgLx?nfO{ s] yfxf ltdL t zLtn xfjfsf] emf]+sf xf}kfgLsf] lr;f] kmf]x/f xf}cgfof;},d]/f] x/]s laxfgL ltdLnfO{ s'nf{g\x/]s ;f“emn] ltd|f] af6f] x]nf{g\x/]s hGd ltd|f] nflu xf]nfdfof ug'{ gug'{ ltd|f] v'zLcfpg' gcfpg' lhGbuLdf ltd|f] v'zLcgfof;},of] dg t8\lk/xG5cgfof;},of] dg w8\ls/xG5 .

gla;{ b]znfO{8f=d'/f/L ;'j]bL

cg'xf/ lgGofp/f] ePklgcfªel/ donsf sf7f b]lvPklg6fn]sf rf]nL nufPsf ePklgem'qf efbufp“n] 6f]kL nufPsf ePklg3fdn] kf]n]/ c“uf/ h:tf b]lvPklglvl;|Sssf, b'Anf / kftnf b]lvPklgoL ltd|} efO–alxgLx? x'g\ltdL 6f9f a;]klggla;{ b]znfO{, gla;{ g]kfnLnfO{ .

/fd|/L g]kfnL efiff ga'em]klgkm8\sf/]/ c+u|]hL af]Ng g;s]klgcufl8 pleP/ af]Nbf y/y/L sf“k]klgoL ltd|} ufp“sf dfntL / d+un]sf 5f]/f5f]/L x'g\oL xfd|} b/fO{ / bg'jf/sf ;+tlt x'g\logLx? d]xgtL 5g\logLx? nugzLn / OdfGbf/ 5g\logLx?n] ltd|f] z'esfdgf / cflzif vf]h]sf 5g\To;}n] gla;{ b]znfO{ ..

ltdL k9\of}, a9\of} / x'ls{of}ltdLn] b]z–ljb]z 8'Nof}ltdLn] b]Vof} gof“ ;+;f/sf] ljsf;ltdL kf}/vL aGof}ltd|f] k|ultdf lg/Gt/tf cfcf];\t/lbgsf] kf“r} ldg]6 lsg gxf];\;Dem ltd|f] ufp“nfO{;Dem ltd|f] ;dfh / ;+:s[ltnfO{gla;{ ltd|f] st{Jo, gla;{ b]znfO{ .

uhn -*f]̂ \ofnL efiff_

bLk]Gb| lai6

t;fO d'Ot stL kfpnf] eG8', of] dg dfG8'OgfOd'vL nfvf d'O lrxfg vG8', of] dg dfG8'OgfO ..

SofdfO a:of] cfvf] d]/f], t;L cvL{ vf]hL k6\n]Od'O t ufp 3/sf] dfG5], p t sf7dfG8' of] dg dfG8'OgfO ..

p t d'OvfO kfv] e0nL, af]Nof s'/f g;'0fbLnLo} b'Mvn] dg} dg sG8', of] dg dfG8'OgfO ..

dfgj nLnf s] kf] /fO5, dGsf] vf]5of x'g'O k8\8ofe'G6L, k'G6L stL k 5g\, lbge/L uG8' of] dg dfG8'OgfO ..

kmnfd'n]O kuNemfG5, t]/f] Tof] dg s;f] /O5tnfO{ a];bf{sL d'O, x] eujfg eG8', of] dg dfG8'OgfO ..t;fO d'O t stL kfpnf] eG8', of] dg dG8'OgfO .. gu]Gb|, eujtL tyf Gof}kfg] kl/jf/, gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf


sf] pknIodf

xflb{s d+undo z'e –sfdgf

JoQm ub{%f}+ .

Book_2010.indd 43 7/4/2010 10:13:37 AM


;'g;fg a:tL;kgf vgfn

ljZjn] aln{gsf] kvf{n r9\g vf]Hb} ubf{d d]/} 3/ kf]Nb} lyP“ .c?x? gof“ ztfJbLsf] e]n;“u} kf}8“b} ubf{d /utsf] kf]v/Ldf kf}8“b} lyP“ .ljZjn] gof“ u|xx? vf]Hb} ubf{d ju/leq ufl8Psf nf;x? vf]Hb} lyP“cf;leqsf] nf;leq cfkmGtx?sf]Psd'7L ;f; vf]Hb} lyP“ .l;gf] vfg w'l/Psf Ps x'n lu4x?h;nfO{ v]b\b} v]b\b}tftf] afn'jfsf] y'k|f]dflyau/}au/ d s'b\b} lyP“ .cfhsn j:tLx?df k/]jf p8\b}gg\x'nsf x'n lu4x? l3qf] tfgLtfgLdfG5]sf] l;gf] vfg j:tL–j:tLdflgn{Hh 8'Nbf /x]5g\u/Lax?sf] j:tLdfx'nsf x'n lu4x?sf] u:tL a9\g yfn]5 .;'g;fg j:tLx?cf“;'sf] 3'6\sf] / b'Mvsf] ;':s]/f lkP/r'krfk af“lr/x]5g\ .j:tL To;}klg ;'g;fg lyof] .To;df cem}lbgbxf8} 8'qm“b} lx+8\g] 5f8f ;f“9] k;]/l;ªn] plbg]/ j:tL phf8 kf/]5 .h+undf hu/ km'nfP/ lx+8\g]kf6] af3x? lbp“;} j:tL k;]/g/;+xf/ dRrfpg yfn]5g\ .t/ d]/f] j:tLl5of–l5of ePsf] 5ftL af]s]/v'nf cfsfzd'gL r'krfk6f]nfO/x]5 .kf]N6fel/ ;Gtfgsf] nf; af]s]/;'g;fg j:tL x]/]sf] x]¥o} 5d]/f] j:tLclGtd ;f; km]/]sf] km]¥o} 5 .

af¤sL z'esfdgfef/tL uf}td

c?a]nf ;w}+eGbf bz}+ o;kfnLs]xL a'9f] eP/ cfP5,hf8f] l5lKkPsf] gePklgbz}+ ulx/f] vf]sLn] u|l;t /x]5,;w}+ cfp“bf bz}+ gof“ n'uf nfP/ cfpg] uYof]{t/ clxn] pxL kf]xf]/s} n'ufdf cfP5 .afns / o'jfsf cf“udf /dfP/ lkª v]Ng] klgbz}+sf nflu ljut syf h:tf] x'g yfn]5,o;cl3 bz}+ –r'nLuf/fdf kf]t]sf] r'g, sd]/f] / /ftf] df6f];+ugof“ /f]ugn] d':sfpg] uYof]{,sf]7]jf/L, au}+rf / s/];fdf bz}+u'nfj, ;okqL, rd]nL;+u kmlqmg] uYof]{,a'9f] uf]?n] tfg]sf] xnf] em}+ / udnfdf kmlqmPsf] u'/f“; em}+cem lgDTofPsf] kfx'gfh:t} clxn] bz}+hjh{:tL b]vfk/]sf] 5,6Lsf / hd/f 5]pdf /fvL kvL{ a:g]c;+Vo cfdf–afa'x? h:t} bz}+ klgclglZrttfsf] cGwsf/ / ;Ldfkf/Lsf] knfogdfk/b]lzPsf ;Gtfgsf] cfudg klv{+bf klv{+b}z'9f] x'g yfn]sf] /x]5,æcfo' b|f]0f;'t]===Æ sf] cflzif;“u}bz}+ cfkm} Pp6f cflzif ePsf] /x]5,cfkmGtsf dgb]lvcfkmGts} dg;Dd k'Ug]bz}+ Pp6f z'esfdgf dfq af“sL /x]5bz}+ s]jn z'esfdgf dfq af“sL /x]5 .

-n]vs cGt/f{li6«o g]kfnL ;flxTo ;dfhsL s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf x'g'x'G5 – ;+=

8f=kbd tyf piff kf}8]n, gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf


d+undo z'e –sfdgf JoQm ub{%f}+ .



8f=a6', k"hf tyf zdf{ kl/jf/ gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf

Book_2010.indd 44 7/4/2010 10:13:37 AM


s&k'tnLuLtf j:g]t

Psfb]zdf Pp6f b]z lyof], 7"nf–7"nf b]zx?sf]

aLrdf lslrP/ ;w}+ cfkm\gf] cl:tTj vf]lh/xg] . ef}uf]lns

b[li6sf]0fn] klg clt b'u{d clg rf/}lt/ clzIff . v]tLkftL

ug{ clt sd pJhfp hdLg l;+rfO{sf] nflu cfsfz] kfgLsf]

e/, aGbJofkf/ ug{ g af6f]3f6f] g pTkfbg, To;}n] oxf“sf

dflg;x?nfO{ km';{b}km';{b clg cefj}–cefj . vfnL lbdfu

e"tsf] 3/ eg]h:t} ePsf lyP oxf“sf dflg;x? .

Pslbg Toxf“sf] cln af7f] dflg;nfO{ crfgs Pp6f

h'lQm ;'em]5, cfDbfgL klg x'g], ;do klg s6\g] clg

dgf]/~hg klg x'g] . xf] Tof] af7f] dfG5]n] æs7k'tnL

g[ToÆ b]vfpg] ljrf/ u/]5 / ;a}nfO{ eg]5 . clg sf7sf]

6'qmf;'qmf hf]8]/ sk8fsf] 6fnf];fnf] a]/]/ Pp6f s7k'tnL

agfP5 h;sf] xft / v'6\6fdf 8f]/L af“w]/ cfkm"n] ;dfP5

clg kbf{k5fl8 a;]5 . sfdwfd gePsf dflg;x? %–!)

k};fdf dgf]/~hg klg x'g] clg ;do klg s6\g] ePsf]

n] g[Tosf] af/]df ;'Ggf;fy hDdf eP5g\ !–@ ;o hlt g}

. 7Ls ;dodf z'? ef] s7k'tnL g[To, g]kfnL, lxGbL

/ :yfgLo efvfdf uLt 3lGsg yfNof], uLtsf] w"gdf

k5fl8af6 af7f] dfG5]n] 8f]/L xNnfpg yfNof], kbf{ cufl8

s7k'tnL uLtsf] efjdf 8f]/Lsf] xNnfO;“u} gfRg yfNof]

. bz{sx? cfZro{rlst eP/ tfnL ahfpg yfn] . uLt

h'gh'g no / tfndf aHb} hfGYof] s7k'tnL Tolt g} dlRrO

dlRrO gfRg yfNof], x'“bfx'“bf t bz{sx? klg em'Dg yfn] .

pgLx?n] yfxf kfPgg\ kbf{ k5fl8 s;}n] 8f]/L xNnfO/x]5

jf yfxf kfpg] sf]lz; g} u/]gg\ lsgsL pgLx? klg b+u

lyP ;:tf] k};fdf Psl5g ePklg cfkm\gf] b'Mv e'Ng kfP .

h] ePklg af7f] dfG5]sf] of] k|bz{g ;kmn eof] . p;nfO{

xft xNnfPsf] e/df cfDbfgL klg ef] .

To;kl5 p;n] ;w}+ of] k|bz{g ug{ yfNof] dgf]/~hg

/ ;kgf af“8\g yfNof] . crDdsf] s'/f bz{s 36\g'sf]

;f6f] a9\g yfn] . ca pm PshgfnfO{ dfq of] k|bz{g

yfDg} d'lZsn ef] To;kl5 lj:tf/} csf]{ af7f] dfG5] lg:Sof],

To;kl5 csf]{ . elgxfn]+ lg Tof] b]zdf ;a}nfO{ km';{b}km';{b

lyof], cefj} cefj lyof] To;}n] pgLx? ;do s6fpg,

b'Mv e'Ng s'g} g s'g} k|bz{gdf k'luxfNy] . o;/L hlt

hgfn] k|bz{g u/]klg bz{s a9], 36]gg\ a? Ps 7fp“af6

csf]{ 7fp“, Ps k':tfaf6 csf]{ k':tf ub}{ of] s7k'tnL g[To

Toxf“sf] d'Vo k]zf aGg k'Uof] . 5f]/fn] afa'sf] gfd

/fVg], gftLn] xh'/a'jfsf] s[lt /fVg] gfp“df of] k]zf

cgGtb]lv km}ln+b} emf“lub} uPsf] 5 . a? sfnfGt/df ljz'4

dgf]/~hgsf] nflu ul/Psf] of] g[Tosf] ljleGg gfdfs/0f

x'guof] . hftLo, If]qLo, a}rfl/s, k]zfut ljleGg ;d"xdf

ljeflht x'g uof] . t/ ;di6Ldf eGbf p2]Zo / :j?k kl/jt{g

ePklg of] g[To To; b]zsf l;ldt af7f dflg;x?sf

sf/0f b]zsf] klxrfg aGof] . cfh Tof] b]zsf] s'/f ubf{

cf“vf cufl8 ;w}+ s7k'tnL grfO/x]sf] af7f] dfG5] / /fd|f]

g/fd|f] h] h:tf] ePklg g[To x]b}{ tfnL ahfO/x]sf bz{ssf]

syf ofb cfp“5 .

of] g[Todf tLghgf kfq 5g\ . kbf{k5fl8sf af7f

dflg; h;n] dflg;x? d"v{ agfp“bf–agfp“bf s7k'tnLnfO{

grfp“bf–grfp“bf cfkm\gf] k|fs[lts rfn9fn g} la;{+b} uP

. !))–%) dflg;x?nfO{ xft xNnfPsf] e/df d"v{ agfpg

kfOg] ePkl5 p;n] c? ;f]Rg klg k/]g . s7k'tnLM sf7sf

;fgfltgf 6'qmf / sk8fsf 6fnf6'nLaf6 ljleGg /+u /

cfs[lt lbP/ agfPsf oL s7k'tnLsf] s'g} klxrfg x'“b}g .

gfd t x'G5 t/ Tof] gfd g[To b]vfpg]sf] OR5f, ;f]r, kl/j]z, clg

p2]Zodf e/ k5{ . agfpg t p;n] /fd|} agfp“5 bz{sf]

dg lhTg t/ pm s7k'tnLk|lt slxNo} ljZj:t x'g ;Sb}g

Book_2010.indd 45 7/4/2010 10:13:37 AM


To;}n] p;sf xft / v'6\6fdf 8f]/L af“w]/ cfkm"n] ;dfp“5 .

x'g t slxn]sflx+ nfU5 Tof] af7f] dfG5] cfkm" lsg ggfr]/

8f]/L xNnfP/ s7k'tnL grfPsf] xf]nf . t/ ;fob 8f]/L

xNnfpg'sf] cfkm\g} dHhf 5 xf]nf jf 8f]/L xNnfPsf] e/df

cfkm"n] eg]h:tf] ePkl5 8f]/L xNnfpg' jf cfkm} gfRg'df s]

km/s ef] / km]l/ e'nr'sn] sxL+ s'g} lbg uNtL ef] eg] klg

ufnL vfg], h'Qf vfg] s7k'tnLn] xf] cfkm"n] xf]Og .

ca cGtdf s'/f u/f}+ bz{ssf]M km';{b}–km';{b ePsf]

Tof] b]zdf xft xNnfP klg v'6\6f ahf/] klg Ps}l5gdf

dflg;x? hDdf eOxfN5g\ clg cefj}–cefjn] ubf{

clnslt v'zL, clnslt ;kgf, clnslt dgf]/~hg kfof]

eg] h'g;'s} tfndf klg tfnL ahfOxfNg] . Psl5g kl5 of]

;a} kfgLsf kmf]sf h;/L lanfp“5 eGg] yfxf ePklg a'em

krfp“5g\ oL bz{sx? . h] eg]klg, h] b]vfPklg kTofp“5g\

. c? s]xL /]s8{ 5}g s;}n] of] g[Tosf] af/]df lsg, s;/L,

slxn];Dd eg]/ k|Zg u/]sf] .

ca t /fli6«os/0f ug{dfq af“sL 5 t/ eGg] xf] eg] of]

g[To Tof] b]zsf] d"n k]zf xf] . af7f dflg;x?n] of] g[TonfO{

;dosf] k|jfx;“u} b]zJofkL dfq xf]Og ljZjJofkL agfpg

nflu;s] . xf] o; g[Tosf] lj:tf/ ljb]z;Dd klg eO;Sof]

en} clxn] ;fgf] ?kdf 5 t/ dnfO{ ljZjf; 5 o;n] l56\6}

ljsf; ug]{5 . xf] of] g[To cgGt;Dd rln/xg] 5, rln/xg]

5 ha;Dd s7k'tnL grfpg]x? 8f]/L xNnfP/ yfSb}gg\,

s7k'tnLx?n] gfRg OGsf/ ub}{gg\ / ;a}eGbf 7"nf] s'/f

bz{sx?n] x]g{ 5f8\b}gg\, tfnL ahfpg yfSb}gg\ .

xf] of] Psfb]zsf] syf xf] t/ tkfO“x?nfO{ Tof] b]zsf]

syf / xfd|f] b]zsf] syfdf ;dfgtf nfUb}g < xf] xfdLdWo]

slt s7k'tnL grfpg] af7f dfG5] 5f}+, slt s7k'tnL, clg

w]/}–w]/}hgf tfnL lk6\g] bz{sx? . Psrf]6L 5ftLdf xft

/fv]/ ;f]rf}+ t xfdL s] xf}+ < dgf]/~hgsf] gfddf ;kgf

a]Rg], s7k'tnL grfpg] clg ;w}+ kbf{k5fl8af6 8f]/L

xNnfpg] af7f] dfG5] ls cfkm\gf] cl:tTj la;]{/ ;w}+ c?sf]

Ozf/fdf gfRg] s7k'tnL, ls h] b]v]klg / ;'g]klg kTofP/

tfnL lk6\g] d"v{ bz{s <

d]/f] lk|o dfG%]gd|tf u'/fufO{+

d]/f] lk|o dfG5]d s] eg]/ ;Daf]wg u?“ ltdLnfO{/fd|f] egf}+ ls g/fd|f]/fhf egf}+ ls /fh'h] eg]klg gk'u–gk'uh:tf] nfUg yfNof]v} lsg xf] cr]nltdL lx+8\g] af6f] klg cfkm\g}h:tf] nfUg yfNof] .

yfxf 5}gltdLn] dnfO{ cf“vfleq c6fPsf 5f}ls cf“vfaf6 x6fPsf 5f}hDsfe]6df lvr]sf t:jL/x?cf“vfaf6 cf]ln{P/ ltdL;Dd cfpg vf]lh/x]5g\;hfP/ /fv]sf v'zLx?

cf]7af6 km'l:sP/ ltd|f] cufl8 d':s'/fpg vf]lh/x]5g\ .

a;Gtdf klg v8]/L k/]sf] dg ;DxfNg ufx«f] x'“bf]/x]5af9L, klx/f] / em/L ;Dem“bf emg\ ;fx«f] x'“bf]/x]5t/ cem} s]xL cfzfx? af“sL 5g\x/]s jif{sf] cGTodf dgsf tfnx? eg]{ u5'{ltg} tfnsf] gLnf] kfgLdf ltd|f t:jL/x? x]g]{ u5'{ .

vf]O d s;/L egf}+d ltdLnfO{ :jLsf/ 5' ls c:jLsf/alx:sf/ 5' ls lt/:sf/gx'g'sf kL8fx? zAbdf cfpg vf]lh/x]5g\s[kof dnfO{ af6f] atfOlbg ;S5f} ls <

Book_2010.indd 46 7/4/2010 10:13:38 AM


bz}+sf] vl;;'hg zdf{

syf

æaf ca bz}+ cfpg slt lbg af“sL 5 <Æælsg / afa' < cem} rf/ dlxgf hlt af“sL 5 .Ææc“=== o;kfnLsf] bz}+df t dnfO{ gof“ n'uf, h'Qf clg

rª\uf klg lslGbg' x} .ÆæTolt a]nf;Dd k};f eof] eg] lslglbp“nf .Ææc“ af, o;kfnL t h;/L ePklg lslGbg} k5{ Aof/], c?

;flyx?n] bz}+ gcfP klg s:tf /fd|f–/fd|f n'uf nufP/ rª\uf p8fpg yfN5g\, xfd|f] 3/df t slxNo} klg gof“ n'uf lsg]sf] klg x'“b}g clg rª\uf p8fpg / df;' klg w]/} vfg} kfO“b}g .Ææs] ug'{ t afa' xfdL ul/asf] kl/jf/df hlGdof}+ c?;“u

w]/} k};f x'G5, xfd|f] 3/df t laxfg / a]n'sf k]6el/ vfg] eft klg x'“b}g, clg s;/L bz}+ ltxf/df w]]/} vr{ ug{ ;lsG5 / .Ææof] bz}+df t h;/L ePklg lslGbg} k5{ .Ææbz}+ cfpg stf–stf o;nfO{ clxn]b]lv g} oqf] lk/,

s;}n] l;Q}df lbg] xf] / <Æ5f]/fsf] Psf]xf]/f] l9kLkl5 nf]sgfysf] 8f“sf] rsf]{ eof] . æs]6fs]6Lsf] lrQ a'emfpg To;} t ufx«f] x'G5 emg\

rf8af8 cfpg nfUbf c?sf] b]vfl;sL ug{ t vf]H5g\ g}, /fd|/L ;DemfP t e}xfNof] lg, lsg xKsfPsf] xf]nf,Æ b'uf{ leqaf6 s/fOg\ .;dfhdf cfly{s cj:yfn] tNnf] :t/df ulgg] nf]sgfysf]

kl/jf/ ;f“Rr} g} c?eGbf k5fl8 g} lyof] . p;sf] kl/jf/df Ps 5fs vfP/ csf]{ 5fssf nflu eg]/ 5'6\ofpg] cGg klg s]xL x'“b}glyof] . nf]sgfy / b'uf{n] lbge/L sfd u/]/ klg rf/hgfsf] kl/jf/ kfNg ;fx«} g} ufx«f] k/]sf] lyof] . b'Mv}–b'Mvdf 8'a]/ ePklg 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ ufp“s} :s'ndf k9fPsf 5g\ . ToxL klg eg]sf] a]nfdf lkm ltg{ / slk–snd lsGg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . c~hg kf“r jif{sf] eof] / p;sL lbbL n'/L b'O{ jif{ h]7L xf]nL . 5f]/f5f]/Ln] 3R3RofO/x“bf pgLx?nfO{ /ftel/ lgGb|f

kb}{g . a'9f–a'9L /fte/ uGygfO{ /xG5g\ – æuPsf] bz}+df 5f]/fsf] lrQ a'emfpg g;s]/ csf]{ bz}+df 7"nf] vl; sf6\g], gof“ n'uf lslglbg] eg]/ kmsfPsf], o;kfnL emg\ kf]xf]/sf] hlt klg gx'g] ef], 5f]/LnfO{ a? ;Demfpg ;lsG5, 5f]/f] t k6Ss} s'/} a'em\b}g .Æ b'uf{n] nf]sgfy;“u egL . æn'uf lslGbg g;s]klg vl; t uP ;fn eGbf 7"n} 5

Sof/], clnslt C0f vf]h]/ Ps–Ps hf]/ n'uf lslGbg kfP / clncln d/d;nf ug{ kfP t o;kfnL klg 6g]{ lyof] clg cfP ;fn t cln a'em\g] x'Gy] olt ufx«f] klg kg]{ lyPg .Æ nf]sgfyn] b'uf{;+u eGof] .

;dfg pd]/sf c~hg / ;'af]w Pp6} :s"ndf Pp6} sIffdf k9\5g\ . ;'af]wsf afa'–cfdf wgn] el/k"0f{ eP klg 5f]/fnfO{ eg] u/Lasf 5f]/f5f]/L k9\g] :s"ndf g} k9fPsf 5g\ . k9fO{df eg] ;'af]weGbf c~hg g} rnfv lyof] . Pp6} ufp“sf pgLx?sf] 3/ klg glhs} 5 . oL b'j} Pp6} :s"nsf] Pp6} sIffdf k9\g] ePklg pgLx?aLr w]/} leGgtf lyof] . ;'af]w ;kmf–;'U3/, x[i6k'i6 lyof] eg] c~hg em'qf] emfd|], kmf6]sf] n'uf nufPsf], b'Anf], kftnf] / Vofp6] lyof] . ;'af]wn] k|foMh;f] ;a} lbg s]xL g s]xL gof“ lrh NofPs} x'GYof] / c~hgnfO{ b]vfp“Yof], Tolta]nf c~hg s]xL gaf]nL x]l//xGYof] / cfkm" lvGg ePsf] dx;'; uYof]{ . a]nf–a]nfdf yfKnf]df xft /fv]/ nf]sgfy ;f]lr/xGYof] /

cfkm}n] cfkm}nfO{ k|Zg uYof]{– æk};f eGg] lrh s:tf] xf]nf< ;“u}sf] l5d]sLsf] 3/df c:ofxf/ wgn] el/k"0f{ 5, cfkm\gf] xfnt eg] o:tf] 5 . Pp6f;“u eP/ csf]{nfO{ sfd gnfUg] of] k};fsf] s] dxTj<Æ ;do laTb} hf“bf bz}+ glhls+b} uof] . 3/ 5f]8]/ aflx/

hfg]x?sf] 3/ kms{g] nx/ rNg yfNof] . ;a}sf 3/df zx/af6 /ª\uLrª\uL sk8f / cg]syl/sf v/vhfgf leqG5g\ . c?sf] 3/df bz}+ lelq/x]sf a]nf nf]sgfysf] 3/df eg] bzfn] k|j]z ul//x]sf] x'G5 . nf]sgfy crfgs la/fdL k5{ . z'?z'?df /f]unfO{ anldRofO{+ u/] klg b'O{ lbgkl5 Hj/f]n] RofKb} nu]kl5 ;fdfGo pkrf/ u/]/ cf}iflw ;]jg ug{ yfN5 . ;a}sf] 3/df bz}+sf] rsf]{ rxnkxn e}/x“bf cfkm\gf] 3/

df To;} t gcfPsf] bz}+ emg\ 3/sf] d"nL dfG5] g} cf]5\ofg k/]kl5 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ eft ksfP/ v'jfpg ;d]t lgs} ufx«f] k/]sf] 5 . lagf vr{sf] pkrf/n] nf]sgfynfO{ g5f]Pkl5 b'uf{nfO{ 7"nf] ;+s6 cfOk5{ . ufp“sf ;fx' eg]sfx?n] ;xof]u dfUbf klg kTofp“b}gg\ .æcfdf vl; s'g lbg sf6\g] xf]<Æ c~hgn] ;f]Wof] . æca rf/ lbgkl5 ci6dL cfp“5, afnfO{ ;~rf] eof] eg]

ToxL lbg sf6f}+nf .Æ b'uf{n] cln a;]sf] :j/df egL . æcfdf, Pp6f rª\uf lslglbg' g .Ææef]nL lslglbp“nf .Æ5f]/fn] 3R3RofO/x“bf b'uf{nfO{ ;fx«} g/dfO{nf] dxz';

x'G5 . ef]ln–efl]n / cf3f}+–cf3f}+ eGbfeGb} 5f]/fsf] OR5fnfO{ 6fg{ afWo ePsL 5 . 3/df la/fdL ePkl5 sfdsf] d];f]d]nf] cfp“b}g . b'uf{ d]nfkft hfg klg kfPsL 5}g, ToxL

Book_2010.indd 47 7/4/2010 10:13:38 AM


36

bz}+nfO{ eg]/ ;f“r]/ /fv]sf] vr{ klg ;lsof] . lgsf] xf]nf eGg] cfzf u/]sf] nf]sgfynfO{ ;f]r]eGbf

pN6f] eof] . p;nfO{ pkrf/ ug{sf] nflu sxL+ st}af6 vr{ h'6fpg g;s]kl5 b'uf{;“u Pp6}dfq pkfo lyof], ToxL bz}+sf] nflu eg]/ kfn]sf] vl; a]Rg' . 5f]/fn] lbglbg} uf]7df

hf“b} ;'D;'Dofpg] u/]sf] vl; a]Rg b'uf{ afWo eO{ . æof] eGbf 7"nf] vl; NofpgnfO{ of] vl; a]r]sf] xf] cfdf<Ææx}g afa', csf]{ bz}+df sf6f}+nf 7"nf] vl; .Ææclg lsg a]r]sf] t cfdf vl;<Æc~hgsf] k|Zg cg'Ql/t g} x'G5 .

d, d]/f] xh'/af / '̂̂ 'Nsfx?lj/fh 9sfn

d]/f] xh'/af x'g'x'GYof] / kf]lt 6'6'Nsfx? y]tL 6fpsf]sf 6'6'Nsfx? . a}zfvLsf] s'6fO{n] km'l/PsftL chª\usf 6'6'Nsfx? .

d]/f] xh'/af x'g'x'GYof] / kf]tL bf}/f ;'?jfn y]kml/of / rf]nL y]tL s'6f] / sf]bfnL y]xnL / afp;] y]tL l/tL / l/jfh y]wd{ / ;+:s[lt y] .

d]/f] xh'/af x'g'x'GYof] / kf]tL dfbn'sf emGsf/ y]nf]s efsf / no y]tL d'r'{ª\uf / ;f/ª\uL y] zf]n' / b]p8f gfr y]tL cf:yf / ljZjf; y]uLtf / dxfef/t y] tL eujfg / gf/b y] .

d eGy]+, xh'/af tL ;a} Joy{ x'g\ .d eGy]+, xh'/af tL ;a} kmf];|f 5g\ . d eGy]+, d tL ;a} z/0f ub}{g . clg l/;sf] emf]+sdf xh'/afsf] a}zfvLd]/f] 6fpsf]dfly ah|GYof],g/fd|/L .clg lg:sGYof] leq} 6fpsf]af6,;Kn“b} Tof] 6'6'Nsf] .em08} 6fpsf] hq},km'l/+b} lg:sg] Tof] 6'6'Nsf] Tof] chª\usf] 6'6'Nsf] .

d]/f] xh'/af x'g'x'GYof] / kf]tL snf / ;Lk y]dlGb/ j/k/ >¢fsf bLk y]tL dfof / ddtf y]b]zelQm / /fli6«otf y]tL agkfvf xl/of / afSnf y]g/gfnf :jR5 / ;kmf y]tL r/fr'?ª\uL / hgfj/ y] .d]/f] xh'/af x'g'x'GYof] / kf]tL v'kf{ / v's'/L y]dfg / zfg y] tL b/jf/ / /fhf y]leS6f]l/of qm; / uf]vf{ blIf0fafx' y]tL dlGb/ / eQm y]k'hf/L / k|;fb y] .

d eGy]+, xh'/af tL ;a} Joy{ x'g\ .d eGy]+, xh'/af tL ;a} kmf];|f 5g\ .d eGy]+, d tL ;a} z/0f ub}{g . clg l/;sf] emf]+sdf, xh'/afsf] a}zfvLd]/f] 6fpsf]dfly ah|GYof], g/fd|/L .clg lg:sGYof] leq} 6fpsf]af6,;Kn“b} Tof] 6'6'Nsf] . em08} 6fpsf] hq},km'l/+b} lg:sg] Tof] 6'6'Nsf]Tof] chª\usf] 6'6'Nsf] .

g cfh xh'/af x'g'x'G5g Tof] ;+:sf/ 5 .g Tof] ;+:s[lt 5 . g Tof] cf:yf 5 . g t 5g\\ tL 6fpsfsf 6'6'Nsfx?,tL chª\usf 6'6'Nsfx? .

-k|:t't sljtf NASeA-ANMA Convention 2009 df k|yd :yfg xfl;n ug{ ;kmn ePsf] lyof] – ;+=_

Book_2010.indd 48 7/4/2010 10:13:38 AM


e'jg bfOM Ifdf rfxG%'

Pslbg cd]l/sfl:yt /fhwfgL zx/ jfl;ª\6g l8=;L=af6 @%)dfOn -$)) lsnf]ld6/_ sf] blIf0fL /fHo gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfdf a:g] of] k+lQmsf/nfO{ Pp6f kmf]g cfof] . kmf]g ug]{ ldq x'g'x'GYof] slaGb l;6f}nfHo" . æxnf] .Æ d}n] kmf]g p7fP“ .

æxnf], Gof}kfg]hL, d slaGb| l;6f}nf af]n]sf], e'jg s]=;L=Ho" cd]l/sf cfpg'ePsf] tkfO{+nfO{ yfx} xf]nf . Toxf“ tkfO{+ a:g] zx/df klg cfpg] rfv b]vfpg'ePsf] 5 . s]xL ;xof]u ug{ ;lsPnf <ÆæcjZo ;xof]u ug{ ;lsG5, lsg g;Sg' .Æ d}n] hjfkm

lbP“ .To;f] eP d tkfO{+sf] kmf]g gDa/ pxf“nfO{ lbG5' .Ææx'G5, lbg'xf];\ . xfdLx? cfkm} s'/f u/f}+nf .ÆTof] lbgsf] slaGb| l;6f}nfHo";“usf] kmf]gsf] jftf{nfk

Tolt a]nf 6'lª\uof] . d e'jg s]=;L=Ho"sf] kmf]g s'/]/ a;]+ .s]xL lbgkl5 Pp6f ckl/lrt, 3f]b|f] cfjfhsf] kmf]g

cfof] . d}n] xtf/–xtf/ ub}{ ukm ug{ z'? u/]+ . kmf]g–e'jg s];LHo"sf] /x]5 .æxnf],Æ d}n] af]n]+ .æxnf],Æ d e'jg s]=;L= af]n]sf] . gu]Gb| efO af]Ng'ePsf]

xf] <Ææxf], xf], d gu]Gb| af]Nb}5' .Æ

æd}n] tkfO{+sf] kmf]g gDa/ slaGb| l;6f}nfHo"af6 kfP“ . s] 5 efO Totfsf] va/ <Ækmf]gdf xfd|f] jftf{ nlDa+b} uof] . xfdLx?n] otfpltsf] s'/f

dfq ub}{ uof}+ t/ s'/fn] h/f] ;dfpg ;s]g . pxf“ w]/}a]/ g} cndlnPsf] b]v]kl5 d g} uGtJolt/ hf“b} af]n]+ .æbfHo', tkfO{+ gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf cfpg] s'/f] ug'{ePsf] /x]5

. slxn] cfpg'x'G5 < olb cfpg] g} xf] eg] klxn] ldlt lbg' eof] eg] xfdLx?nfO{ k"j{ tof/L ug{ ;lhnf] x'GYof] .ÆaNn xfd|f] jftf{n] csf]{ km8\sf] df¥of] . xfdLx?n] lbzf

;dfTof}+ . æefO æltdL lagf d dl/xfN5' lgÆ eGg] l;g]dfn] g]kfnsf]

ahf/ lgs} ttfPsf] xf] . Tof] l;g]df d}n] Toxf“ k|bz{g ug]{ ljrf/ u/]sf] 5', Toxf“sf] ;fyL–efOx?nfO{ sltsf] rfv xf]nf < ===efOn] Tof] l;g]df x]g'{ePsf] 5 <ÆæbfHo', Tof] l;g]df x]g{ kfPsf] t 5}g t/ g]kfnsf] ahf/

ttfPsf] l;g]dfn] s;f] oxf“sf] ahf/ gttfpnf / < xfdLx? ToxL /xg;xg / ;+:s[lt lnP/ cfPsf xf}+ . dnfO{ k"0f{

ljZjf; 5–ttfp“5 . a? dnfO{ s]xL Dofb lbg'xf];\ . d oxf“sf ;fyLefO;“u s'/f u5'{, ;fy} jl/kl/sf cGo g]kfnL x?;“u klg ;/;Nnfx u5{' . pxf“x?af6 s:tf] ;'emfj cfp“5 .Æ æx'G5 ! a? rf“8} vj/ ug'{xf]nf . c? 7fp“af6 klg

;fyLx?n] cg'/f]w ul//xg' ePsf] 5, olb Toxf“ ldn]g eg] csf]{ 7fp“df hfg'k5{ .ÆæPsl5g kv{g'xf];\ x} ! d d]/f] sfo{tflnsf x]5'{ .Ææx'G5 ! x'G5 ! x]g'{xf];\ d kv{G5' .ÆTof] lbgsf] xfd|f] kmf]gsf] jftf{ TolQs}df ;dfKt eof] .

To;kl5 d gy{Sof/f]lngfsf g]kfnL ;fyL–;+uL / cfb/0fLo bfHo'–lbHo'x?;“u e'jg s]=;L=Ho"sf] k|;+unfO{ ;fIffTsf/ ub}{ cufl8 a9\g yfn]+ . rf/}lt/af6 lgs} pT;fx cfof] . olt;DdsL ev{/ g]kfnaf6 cd]l/sf cfpg'ePsf o'jfo'jtLn] dfq xf]Og h'uf}+b]lv cd]l/sf a:b} cfpg'ePsf bfHo'–lbHo'x?sf] efjgfTds cleJolQm ;'Gbf pxf“x?sf] g]kfnL ;+:s[ltk|ltsf] ddtfbfoL xflb{stfn] b|lje"t eP“ . e'jg s];LHo"sf] km';{b gld]n]klg afWo eP/ ldnfpg'kg]{ b]lvof] . To;}n] s]xL lbgkl5 d cfkm}n] e'jg s];LHo"nfO{ kmf]gdf ;Dks{ u/]+ .t/ cd]l/sf a;'Gh]nsf] nflu pxf“sf] ;Dk"0f{ zlgjf/ /

cfOtjf/ k"/f eO;s]sf /x]5g\ . gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfn] tL s'g} jf/x? klg kfpg ;s]g . To;}n] zlgjf/ / cfOtjf/ afx]s c? lbg eP klg

pxf“nfO{ cfdGq0f ug{ dnfO{ afWo agfof] . Tof] lbg kmf]gdf xfd|f] nfdf] 5nkmn eof] . cGTodf d}

n] g} pxf“nfO{ 6]S;f;af6 aflN6df]/ cfp“bf Ps/ft gy{ Sof/f]nfO{gf a:g] u/]/ xjfOhxfhsf] l6s6 lng cg'/f]w u/]+ . o;nfO{ pxf“n] ;sf/fTds ?kdf x]g'{eof] t/ k"0f{ ?kdf ls6fg ug{ ;Sg'ePg lsgls cd]l/sfsf] ef}uf]lns ;+/rgf / xjfO{hxfhsf] ;~hfnn] pxf“nfO{ cK7\of/f] k/]sf] lyof] . s]xL lbgkl5 lg0f{o lnP/ kmf]gdf cfpg] arg lbg'eof] . To;}n] Tof] lbg klg 6'ª\uf] lagf g} xfd|f] jftf{ ;lsof] .t/ kvf{O Tolt nfdf] ePg . ef]lnkN6 g} pxf“sf] kmf]g

cfof], kmf]gdf xfdLx?n] s]xLa]/ s'/fsfgL u¥of}+ . s'/fsfgL cg';f/ @))( d] dlxgfsf] !@ tfl/v d+unjf/ 7Ls @ ah] d gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf l:yt æ/fn]Æ ;x/sf] ljdfg:yn (RDU) df pxf“nfO{ lng hfg'kg]{ eof] . cl3Nnf] lbg kmf]gdf pxf“;“u ePsf] s'/fsfgLsf] cfwf/df

uf8L kfls{ª u/L d ljdfg:ynsf] '6ld{gn ;L' df uP“ / ofq'x¿sf] aLraf6 e'jg s]=;L=Ho"nfO{ vf]Hg yfn]+ . nx/} plePsf ofq'x¿sf cf“vfx¿ cfkmGtsf kvf{Odf lgs} ylst b]lvGy] eg] pgLx¿sf] dgl:ylt lgs} xtfl/Psf]

gu]Gb| Gof}kfg]

Book_2010.indd 49 7/4/2010 10:13:38 AM


www.naseaonline.org

Congratulations to a newly elected Executive Committee of NASeA. The following committee members were elected during the Special Election on April 24, 2010 in Atlanta.

NASeA Executive Committee (2010-2011)

President Mr. Raja Ghale Vice President Mr. Sanjeeb Sapkota General Secretary Mr. Saunak Ranjitkar Joint Secretary Ms. Srijana Sharma Treasurer Mr. Ram S. Dongol Executive Member Mr. Shyam Aryal Executive Member Mr. Mohan Bista Executive Member Mr. Madhav Dhakal Executive Member Dr. Lila Karki Executive Member Mr. Dipendra Lamichhane Executive Member Mr. Tara Punmagar Executive Member Mr. Lekh Sharma Executive Member Mr. Gobinda Shrestha Executive Member Mr. Sagun Shrestha Executive Member Mr. Dhana Timilsina

Book_2010.indd 50 7/4/2010 10:13:38 AM


lyof] . d Ps–Ps ub}{ ;a}eGbf klxnf] kª\lQmsf] klxnf] JolQmaf6 e'jg s]= ;L= Ho"nfO{ lrGg ;'? u/]+ . 3f+6L a6fb}{ uP“ t/ e'jg s]=;L=Ho" e]l6g' ePg, km]l/ bf]xf]¥ofP/ k+lQmsf] cGToaf6 x]g{ ;'? u/]+, cem b]vf kg'{ePg . Tolta]nf d]/f] lbdfun] lxhf] dfq pxf“n] af]n]sf] k'/fgf] jftf{ ;Demgf ug{ afWo eof] . æefO tkfO{+ dnfO{ Po/kf]6{df lng cfp“5' t eGg' eof] s]

dnfO{ lrGg ;Sg'x'G5 x}g <Æd}n] tTsfn pQ/ lbPsf] lyP“—æs:tf] s'/f ug'{x'G5 <

lsg glrGg' < tkfO{+sf] l;g]df slt x]l/of] slt .Æt/ clxn] d]/f] lbdfu a]:;/L xlNnof] . e'jg s]=;L=

Ho"nfO{ d}n] lrGg} ;lsg . pxf“ sxf“ x'g'x'G5, d]/f] gh/ k'Ug ;s]g . km]l/ PskN6 ofq'x¿df ulx/f] b[li6 lbP“ . s'gf–sfKrfdf gh/ 8'nfP“, afy?d jl/kl/ ;d]t x]/]+, cem} e'jg s]=;L=Ho" b]lvg' ePg . d]/f] qf; a9\g yfNof] . st} xjfO{hxfh g} pq]sf] 5}g t < jf st} csf]{ Po/kf]6{df pq]/ gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfsf] /fn]df pq]sf] efg t k/]sf] 5}g < cd]l/sfdf To:tf Po/kf]6{ slt 5g\ slt . km]l/ To:tf] 36gf gePsf klg xf]Ogg\ . d]/f] Pshgf cfkm\g} ;fyLnfO{ To:tf] 36gf k/]sf] lyof] . pxf“sf] a'jfn] 6]S;f;sf] 8fn; Po/kf]6{df pq]kl5 jflzª\6g l8;Ldf /xg'ePsf 5f]/fnfO{ æafa' ! d Po/kf]6{df pq]sf] 5' ltdL lng cfpg'Æ eg]/ kmf]g ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ptf 5f]/f jflzª\6g l8;Lsf] 8fn; Po/kf]6{df afj'nfO{ vf]Hb}df x}/fg otf afa'rflx+ 6]S;f;sf] 8fn; Po/kf]6{df . stfsf] 6]S;f;sf] 8fn; Po/kf]6{, stfsf] jflzª\6gsf] l8;L . >Ln+sfb]lv g]kfn;Ddsf] b"/tf . lkmtnf] ;"rgfsf] cfbfgk|bfgn] o:tf] ePsf] lyof] . kl5 tL ldqn] afa'nfO{ 6]S;f;df /xg'ePsf cfkmGtdfkm{t s]xL lbgsf] nflu 6]S;f;df g} vfgf / a:g] Joj:yf ldnfpg' ePsf] lyof] . st} o:t} lzsf/n] t xfdLnfO{ uf“h]g < dnfO{ 8/ nfUof] / xQkQ pxf“sf] xft] kmf]gdf ;Dks{ u/]+ . æxnf],Ææxnf], e'jg bfHo' . tkfO{+nfO{ t b]lVbg lg, tkfO{+ s'g

6ld{gndf x'g'x'G5 <Ææd 6ld{gn P df 5' .Ææn, d t tkfO{+nfO{ 6ld{gn ;L df vf]Hb}5' . tkfO{ 6ld{gn

;L df pqg] s'/f] lyof] lg ! xf]Og < n 7Ls} 5, d 6ld{gn P df g} cfP“ . tkfO{+ st} ghfg'xf]nf Æ d}n] hjfkmsf] cfzf ul/g . a? xQkQ kmf]g aGb u/]/ 6ld{gn P lt/ uP“ . d an}] :jf“–:jf“ ub}{ 6ld{gn P df k'u]+ / pleO/x]sf

cGo ofq''x¿sf] aLrdf e'jg s]=;L=Ho"nfO{ 5fGg yfn]+ . e'jg s]=;L=Ho" sxf“ x'g'x'G5 t < w]/}a]/kl5 aNn pxf“sf] :j¿k b]lvof] . ;]tf] sf]6, sfnf] kfOG6 clg xftdf cfwf ;lNsPsf] r'/f]6 . e'jg s]=;L=Ho" lgs} cw}o{sf ;fy pleO/xg' ePsf] lyof] . s]xLa]/ cufl8sf] xtfl;Psf] d]/f] dgl:ylt klg aNn lgolGqt eof] . d cflTdotfsf] d':sfg lb+b} glhs} uP/ clejfbg u/]+ .

ægd:sf/ bfHo', d gu]Gb| .Ææcxf] gu]Gb| efO ! s:tf] uf¥xf] eof] xlu xfd|f] e]6 x'g .

d}n] t 6ld{gn P eg]sf] h:tf] nfu]sf] lyof] tkfO{+n] 6ld{gn ;L ;'Gg'eP5 xlu .Ææh] xf]; e]6 eof] . dnfO{ t Po/kf]6{ g} km/s k¥of] eGg]

8/ nfu]sf] lyof], wGo 6ld{gn km/s eP5 . n, hfcf}+Æ eGb} xfdLx¿ cufl8 a9\of}+ . xfdLx¿;+u Toxf“ pleP/ ukm ug]{ km';{b klg lyPg

. l;g]df b]vfpg] sfo{qmd ToxL lbgsf] a]n'sf cf7 ah]lt/ lyof] . To;}n] xfdLx¿ xtf/–xtf/ ub}{ 3/ k'Uof}+ / s]xLl5gsf] cf/fdkl5 gy{Sof/f]nfOgf ljZjljBfnosf] xnl:yt sfo{qmd :ynlt/ nfUof}+ . :yfgLo ljZjljBfnodf cWofkg u/fpg' x'g] 8f= xl/x/k|;fb e§/fO{Ho"sf] ;f}hGo / :jLsf/f]lQmaf6 ljZjljBfnosf] Pp6f xn lagf z'Ns k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . t/ klg k|fljlws sl7gfO{ / bIftfsf] sdLn] dnfO{ 9'Ss eP/ a:g lbPsf] lyPg . lsgls cd]l/sf / g]kfnsf k|ljlw gldNg klg ;Sb5 . l;g]df v]Ng] ldl;g cd]l/sfsf] k|ljlw lyof] eg] l;g]df el/Psf] l;8L g]kfnL k|ljlw . slxn]sfxL+ tL k|ljlwx¿ aflemg ;Sb5g\ . t/ To:tf] s'g} sl7gfO cfPg . /fli6«otf / b]zk|]dn]

cf]tk|f]t ePsf] l;g]dfsf b[Zox¿ lgs} snfTds lyP eg] x/]s njh / af]nLdf dft[Tjsf] cfofd cfp“Yof] . l;g]dfsf d'Vo gfos e'jg s]=;L=Ho" g} x'g'x'GYof] .xfdLx¿ l;g]df ;s]/ lg:s“bf /ftsf] P3f/ ah]/ s]xL

;do uPsf] lyof] xf]nf . l;g]dfsf w]/} 7fp“df sª\uf] b]zsf] gfd / b[Zon] afx'Notf lnPsf] x'gfn] d sf}t'xndf lyP“ s] Tof] jf:tljs sª\uf] xf] jf b[Zo dfq} . To;}n] 3/ kms]{/ cfp“bf af6f]df lx+8\bf–lx+8\b} e'jg bfOlt/ kms]{/ ;f]w]+–æl;g]dfsf] cfwf efu t sª\uf]n] vfPsf] /x]5 s] Tof] sªuf]df g} ;'l6ª ePsf] xf] jf bz{snfO{ e'mSofOPsf] dfq xf] <Æ pxf“n] lgjf{w ¿kdf sª\uf]df g} ;'l6ª ePsf] xf] eg]kl5 dfq d}n] kTofpg} k¥of] gq ===<ÆxfdLx¿ 3/ cfOk'Ubf /ftsf] af¥x aHg s]xL ldg]6 dfq

af“sL lyof] . lbgel/sf] hxfhsf] p8fg clg ljdfg:ynsf] bf}8w"kn] xfdLx¿ b'j} yfs]sf lyof}+ . xfdLx¿ ;a} ;'Tg uof}+ t/ ;'Tg hfg'eGbf klxnf ef]lnsf] hxfh p8\g] ;dosf] kSsf ub}{ e'jg bfOnfO{ d}n] ;f]w]+ .æbfO, cfh v'a yflsPsf] 5 km]l/ ef]ln laxfg p7\g}

g;lsPnf, slt ah] c/] Po/kf]6{ k'Ug'kg]{ <Æpxf“n] l6s6} gx]/L lgw{Ss;+u af]Ng' eof] æb; ah] .ÆxfdLx¿ cfkm\gf]–cfkm\gf] sf]7fdf uof}+ . ef]lnkN6sf] e'mNs] 3fddf g} xfd|f] lgb|f v'Nof] . lrofsf]

;fydf xfdLx?n] s]xL vfg]s'/f vfof}+ . x'g t cl3Nnf] lbgdf g} e'jg s]=;L=Ho"sf] vfgf;DaGwL d]/f] dfq xf]Og ;a}sf] cg'dfgnfO{ nf]Kkf v'jfO;s]sf] lyof] . xfd|f] ;f]rfO lyof]— pxf“df cNsf]xnsf] cfbt 5, pxf“n] ljo/sf] af]tn 7f8f] 3f“6L nufp“b} ;8sdf dft]/ lx+8]sf] k|z:t b]v]sf] x'“ . uf]8fx¿ a6fb}{ lx+8]sf] klg b]v]sf] x'“ . s7}a/f ! tL e'jgnfO{

Book_2010.indd 51 7/4/2010 10:13:38 AM


bz{sx¿n] s] ;f]r] xf]nfg\ ! h“8\Øfxf ! cfjf/f ! u'08f ! t/ oyfy{ 7Ls pN6f] /x]5 . pxf“ g/d vfnsf] ljo/;Dd lng' x'“bf] /x]g5 . pxf“nfO{ nfu"kbfy{df /x/ /x]g5 t/ lrof / r'/f]6df lhTg] s;}n] cf“6 gu/] x'G5 . xfdLx¿ laxfg gf} ah] ljdfg:yn k'Uof}+ . d}n] e'jg

bfOsf] xftaf6 l6s6 lnP/ Po/nfOG; / 6ld{gn vf]Hg yfn]+ . t/ l6s6df d]/f] cf“vfx¿ k/]sf dfq lyP d]/f] cg'xf/ sfnf]–lgnf] eof] . xftuf]8f nNofsn'n's eP/ xlNng yfn] . cf+]7 tfn' ;'Sof] . d plePsf] pleo} eP“ . d]/f] lau|]sf] cfs[lt b]v]/ e'jg bfO klg cflQg' :jefljs lyof] . pxf“ d]/f] glhs} cfP/ xtfl/+b} ;f]Wg yfNg'eof] . æs] eof] efO < lsg <Æd]/f] cem} af]Ng] ;fx; cfPg . d Psf]xf]/f] l6s6df cf“vf

nufO/x]+ . w]/}a]/ gaf]n]kl5 km]l/ pbf; nfUbf] :j/df ;f]Wg'eof] . æs] xfdLx¿ l9nf eP5f}+ < æxf]Og xfdL 7Ls ;dodf g} 5f}+ t/ unt Po/kf]6{df

cfP5f}+ .Ææx“ <<<Æ e'jg bfOsf] cg'xf/ klg a]lyltn] lalu|of] .æxf] bfO !Æ d lrlGtt d'b|f agfp“b} cYo{fpg yfn]+Æ

;f/nf]6af6 p8\g] eg]/ l6s6 sfl6Psf] /x]5, xfdLx¿ /fn] cfof}+ . pN6f] eof] . æslt 6f9f 5 ;f/nf]6, ;f/nf]6 g} hfcf}+ g t .Æ pxf“

d]/f] glhs} cfP/ gd| eP/ af]Ng' eof] . ;f/nf]6nfO{ e'jg bfOn] ;xh ¿kdf lnP klg Tof]

;f]r]h:tf] lyPg . /fn]af6 ;f/nf]6sf] tLg 306fsf] b"/L nfO{ xfdLx¿;“u ePsf] cfwf 306fn] Eofpg ;Sb}glyof] . To;df klg laxfgsf] eL8ef8sf] nflu cltl/Qm Ps 306fsf] ;do ;w}+ cfjZos kYof]{ . xfdLx¿ 8/nfUbf] r]k'jfdf k¥of}+ . d}n] l6s6nfO{ b'O{ tLgkN6 ulxl/P/ k9]+ . w]/} ljrf/ u/]+

. l6s6 a'lsª ug]{n]] rt'¥ofO{+ u/]sf] /x]5 . To;af6 p;nfO{ s]xL df}lb|s kmfObf x'g] b]Vof] t/ xfdLn] kfpg] uf]tfsf] Vofn u/]g . Tolt dfq geO{ l6s6} gx]/L ;/f;/ ljdfg:yn hfg] xfdLx¿ slt;Dd nfn a'emSs8 xf}+ . xfdLx¿n] xfd|f] d"v{tfrflx+ Vofn u/]gf} t/ bf]if csf{nfO{ nufof}+ . tYo s'/f]sf] 1fg ePkl5 e'jg bfOsf] cg'xf/ klg

lvl;|Ss k¥of] . pxf“n] Pp6f r'/f]6 ;Nsfpg' eof] / a8f] lj/Qm nfUbf] kf/fn] w'jf“ p8fpg yfNg'eof] . pxf“sf] cg'xf/df b]lvPsf] lgl/xtf / cfTdUnflgnfO{ d}n] lgs} ckm;f]r cg'ej u/]+ . kTgL ljof]udf em':; bf¥xL kfn]/ cfFugsf] l8ndf 3f];]d'G6f] nufP/ a;]sf] b]v]sf] lyP“ . hflu/ gkfP/ ;8sdf ef}+tfl/Psf] klg b]v]sf] lyP“ t/ tL ;a} clego lyP, clxn]sf] eg] jf:tljstf . pxf“ cfkm}n] ef]u]sf] lj/lQm / b'Mv . t/ pxf“nfO{ Tof] cj:yfdf w]/}a]/ /fVg d}n] Gofof]lrt 7flgg To;}n] xfdLx¿ b'j}hgf ;'6s]; / emf]nf 9'gd'Gofp“b} l6s6 sfpg6/lt/ uof}+ . l6s6 sfpG6/ vfnL lyof] . ;fob Toxf“af6 hxfh p8\g] ;do ePsf] lyPg xf]nf . t/

xfdLx¿ sfpG6/ cufl8 Psl5g plePsf] b]v]kl5 Pp6L Zofdn j0f{sL dlxnf km'Q b]vfkl/g\ / ;f]lwg\ .æoxf“x¿nfO{ s] ;xof]u u/f}+ <Æd xftsf] l6s6 b]vfp“b} xtf/–xtf/ u/]/ af]Ng yfn]+ .æjf:tjdf xfd|f] Po/kf]6{ /fn] x'g'kg]{ xf] t/ a'lsª ubf{

uNtLn] ;f/nf]6 kg{ uP5 . olb oxL -/fn]_ af6 p8\g ;lsG5 eg] ;f/nf]6 lsg hfg] < Po/nfOG; pxL xf], k'Ug'kg]{ 7fp“ Pp6} xf] . s]jn Po/kf]6{ km/s t xf] lg, oxf“af6 p8\g ldN5 xf]nf < nf}g h;/L x'G5 ldnfpg' k¥of] . tL dlxnfn] æv}, l6s6 dnfO{ lbg'xf];\ tÆ eGb} d]/f]

xftaf6 l6s6 dflug\ / s]xLa]/ k9]kl5 d lt/ kms{+b} lkm:; xf“;]/ af]lng\ ældNb}g, Ifdf rfxG5' .Æltgsf] af]nLn] dnfO{ g/fd|f];“u k5fl/lbof] . d ;se/ b'Mv

b]vfP/ x'G5 jf afª\uf] :j¿k k|:t't u/]/ x'G5, ToxL+af6 p8\g] dfgl;stf agfpg yfn]+ / g/d eP/ af]n]+ . æx]g'{xf];\ tkfO{+s} Po/nfOG;, tkfO{+s} ofq' . xfdLx¿ a?

Ps b'O{ 306f kv{g tof/ 5f}+ jf tkfO{+nfO{ hl/jfgf :j¿k z'Ns ltg{ klg tof/ . t/ xfdLx¿nfO{ ;f/nf]6 k7fP/ b'Mv glbg'xf]nf .Æd]/f] s'/f pgsf] ;dembf/Ldf k:g' t k/} hfcf];\ pgL emg\

cfkm\gf] Jofkfl/s efiffdf Joª\Uo ld;fp“b} af]Ng yflng\ . ætkfO{+x¿ h:t} u|fxsaf6 xfd|f] Po/nfOG; rn]sf] 5 .

xfdLx¿n] hflu/ kfPsf 5f}+ . tkfO{+x¿nfO{ ;]jf ug{ kfpg' xfd|f] ;f}efUo xf] . t/ cfkm\g} Po/nfOG;, cfkm\g} ofqL eg]/ x'G5 < of] t bflxg] lt3|fdf 3fp ePsf] 5, b]j|] lt3|fsf] ck/];g u/]sf] h:tf] eof] . cfkm\g} z/L/, cfkm\g} lt3|f eGb}df hxf“ kfof] ToxL+ sf6\g ldN5 < h'g lt3|fdf 3fp ePsf] 5 To;}sf] ck/];g ug'{k5{ . oxf“af6 afN6Ldf]/sf] nflu ;f]em} p8fg 5}g . ltgj6f hxfhx¿ km]g'{k5{ tkfO{+nfO{ emg\ emGem6 x'G5 . k};f klg a9L k5{ .ÆemGem6 x'G5, k};f a9L k5{ eg]/ xfdLx¿nfO{ tsf{pg

vf]h] klg dnfO{rflx+ ;f/nf]6sf] gfd} lng dg lyPg . Ps t dnfO{ sfddf hfg xtf/ lyof] csf]{ s'/f] /fn]b]lv ;f/nf]6 ;Ddsf] @%) lsnf]ld6/sf] df]6/sf] ofqf . To;}n] a? k};f g} yKg] rfxgf eof] / ;f]w]+ . æslt yKg'k5{ <Æs]xLa]/ Sofns'n]6/df xftn] lx;fa u/]kl5 k'n'Ss

dlt/ x]b}{ af]lng\ .ætLg ;o 8n/ .ÆætLg ;o 8n/ <<<Æ cl3;Ddsf] d]/f] r'/Lkm'/L kfgLdf

k/]sf] cfuf]h:tf] ‰ofKk lgEof] . d}n] af]Ng ;lsg, / glhs} uP/ km]l/ c:ki6 :j/df ;f]w]+ . æTo;f] eP ;f/nf]6 g} hfg'kg]{ eof] t ! Toxf“ klg xfd|f]

hxfh pl8;Sof] xf]nf . km]l/ csf]{ l6s6 lng'kg]{ xf] ls <ÆtL dlxnfn] xtfl/+b} Pp6f kmf]g gDa/ lbOg\ / xfdLnfO{

;Demfpg yflng\—æn, t'?Gt of] gDa/df kmf]g ug'{xf];\ / l9nf] cfpg] hfgsf/L u/fpg'xf];\ gq tkfO{+x¿n] klxnf

Book_2010.indd 52 7/4/2010 10:13:38 AM


41

lt/]sf] k};f klg x/fpg ;S5 .Æd}n] l56f]–l56f] u/]/ /fn] ljdfg:ynaf6 ;f/nf]6

ljdfg:yndf kmf]g u/]+ / rf/ ah]sf] csf]{ ;do ldnfP“ . To;kl5 xfd|f] uf8L /fhdfu{ x'“b} ;f/nf]6lt/ x'lQof] .

t/ xfdLx¿ rf/ ah]eGbf w]/} cufl8 g} ljdfg:yn k'u]sf lyof}+ . e'jg bfHo';“usf] b'O{ lbgsf] p7–a;n] efjgfTds s8LnfO{ pko'Qm :Yffgdf /fVg ;s] klg ljbfOsf] ;dodf ePsf] lj:don] xfdL b'j}hgf lvGg lyof}+ . xfdLaLr ddtfsf] Gofgf] xflb{stfdf sdL cfof] ls eGg] 8/ lyof] . d}n] Po/kf]6{sf] 9f]sfdf l5g'{eGbf klxnf l;i6tfk"j{s

xft ldnfP . pxf“n] d]/f] xftdf cfkm\gf] xft s:b} af]Ng'eof] . æof] l6s6 a'lsª ug]{n] xfdLnfO{ slt;Dd d"v{ agfof]

xlu < c¿n] ;'g] eg] s] eG5g\ xf]nf < Ps 7fp“sf] l6s6

sf6]/ csf]{ Po/kf]6{df hfg] <Æ d}n] s]xL xf]lzof/ x'“b} af]n]+ .æcftª\ssf] lzsf/, kfs]6df/fsf] lzsf/, w"t{sf] lzsf/

ePsf] t yfxf lyof] t/ of] a]js'kmsf] lzsf/ ePsf] rflx+ klxnf]rf]l6 xf] . t/ wGbf gdfGg'xf];\ of] s'/f s;}nfO{ yfxf x'“b}g .Æd]/f] s'/f ;'g]kl5 e'jg bfHo' lv:; xf“:b} ljdfg:ynsf]

;'/Iff 9f]sfaf6 leq l5g'{eof] d aflx/ cfP“ . æt/ e'jg bfHo', tkfO{+–xfdL a]as'km ePsf] uf“7f] w]/}

;do;Dd d]/f] dgdf /xg ;s]g . Ifdf rfxG5', aflx/ cfP/ 5f]8\Øf] . ;a} kf7sx?n] yfxf kfpg'eof] .

-n]vs Pg=;L=Pg=;L= sf k"j{ cWoIf x'g'x'G5 – ;+=_

41

ljhof bzdL tyf z'e–bLkfjnL 2067 sf] pknIodf xflb{s d+undo

z'e –sfdgf JoQm ub{%f}+ .dbg /fhe08f/L tyf 8f=wd{ /fhe08f/L, gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf

a? o;kfln £f/} kms{g kfPc?0f lwtfn

cfkmGt ;a} 5f]8]/ hfuL/ vf]hf}+ elg lx+8]sf]Kof/f] ufp“ k5fl8 kf/L ;Eotf l;sf}+ eg]/ lx+8]sf]eG5g\ kfZrfTo d'n's xf] of]oxf“ t hfuL/ lbnfpg eGbf:jfledfg lasfpg ;lhnf] 57"nf–7"nf zx/x?aLrcfkm}nfO{ x/fpg ;lhnf] 5 .eG5g\ kfZrfTo d'n's xf] of]cfsf+Iff cfsf+Iffd}cfkm"nfO{ 8'afpg ;lhnf] 5 .d]/f xftsf /]vfh:t} b/f}+bL / d:of{ª\bLoL xTs]nfdf k/]sf 7]nfh:t}Toxf“ af“w af“Wg kfP .lj/fgf] 7fp“df aufPsfoL lgwf/sf kl;gfcfkm\g} u}/L v]tclg dfemL u/f] l;+rfpg kfP .k|To]s laxfg af]s]/ lx+8\g] of] u?ª\uf] dgha/h:tL lg:sg] of] lªRr xf“;f],

psfnL cf]/fnLdf 8f]sf] / gfDnf] ub}{a? Psrf]6L df5fk'R5«];+u d':sfpg kfP .d+;L/df kmf“6el/ wfgsf s'lgofx?nfn'kft]n] ;hfP em}+sfG5Lsf] r'N7f] o;kflnnfnLu'/f“;n] /+Uofpg kfP .h"gls/Lsf] pHofnf]df k|To]s ;f“empsfnL cf]/fnL clg Bf}/fnL sf6\bfrf}tf/Ldf a;]/ a? ;f/+uLsf] efsf;+u} dfbndf gfRg kfP .cfkm" plePsf] 7fp“, df6f]sf] C0fJofh w]/} e};Sof] lso;kfln t clnslt a'emfpg kfP .bzdLsf] rGb|df, cfdfsf] x“l;nf] d'xf/o;kfln t xftsf] 6Lsf nufpg kfP .5ftLe/L g]kfn cfdfsf] Kof/zL/e/L afj'sf] cfzLjf{b ;+emb}+o;kfln t a? 3/} kms{g kfP .o;kfln t 3/} kms{g kfP ..

-k|:t't sljtf NASeA-ANMA Convention 2009 df låtLo :yfg xfl;n ug{ ;kmn ePsf] lyof] – ;+=_

Book_2010.indd 53 7/4/2010 10:13:39 AM


em/]sf km"nx?

z}n]Gb| b]jsf]6f

syf

ebf}sf] d';nwf/] kfgL Psgf;l;t kl//x]sf] lyof] . cfsfz slt lbgb]lv afbnleq x/fPsf] lyof] . bn] 3tL{ Hj/f]n] OGt' g lrGt' eP/ nl8/x]sf] lyof] . k|eftsf] wldnf] pHofnf] em\ofnaf6 leq kl;/x]sf] lyof] . k|ftMsfnLg lr;f] l;/]6f]n] d'6' s“kfO/x]sf] lyof] . 3/leq dem]/Ldf Pp6f lwklwk] aQLn] 5fnf / x8\8Ldfq ePsf] lj/fdL bn]nfO{ klv{/x]sf] lyof] . Pp6f ;fgf] afns s'gfk6\6L ?“bf?“b} yfs]/ yf]qf] yfª\gf]leq u'8'lNsPsf] lyof] . clg rd]nL rflx+ 3f]K6f] k/]/ klt bn]sf] 5]pdf lgGofp/f] cg'xf/ lnP/ a;]sL lyO{ . pHofnf] a9\b} uof], aln/x]sf] aQL lwklwk u/]/ lgEg vf]Hb} lyof] . bn]n] cfkm\gf cf“vf clGtdk6s p3f¥of] clg hLjg ;+lugL / ;fgf] 5f]/f e'G6]sf] xft :kz{ ub}{ b'j} cf“vf slxNo} gvf]lng] u/L aGb u¥of] . lwklwk] aQL em\ofKk lgEof], hLjgsf] 8f]/L em\jf6\6 r'“8\of] clg cfdf–5f]/f lrRofO– lrRofO /f]O/x], /f]O/x] . ha bn]sf] kfly{j b]xn] lj>fd lnof] ta rd]nLsf] lhGbuLdf

b'Mvsf] cf“wLa]x/L rNg z'? eof] . nf]Ug]sf] pkrf/ ubf{ / bz}+ dgfp“bf lnPsf] wg] ;fx"sf] C0f ltg'{kg]{ efsf glhls+b} lyof] . rd]nLnfO{ Tof] efsf sfn em}+ nfUYof] . g t pm;“u C0f ltg]{ pkfP lyof] g t ;fx"af6 ldgfxf g} x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf lyof] . lbg / /ftx? lrKn“b} uP, ;don] cfkm\gf] k+v lkmhfp“b} uof] . C0fsf] efsf klg cfOk'Uof] .

Pslbg laxfg k|eflt ls/0fn] cfkm\gf] k|yd em'Nsf w'/Ldf 5f]l8;s]sf] lyof] . laxfg}b]lv gLnf] uugdf kmf6\6km'6\6 afbnsf /]vf sf]l/Psf lyP . lIflthaf6 d]3 uh]{ em}+ cfPsf] Pp6f wf]b|f] cfjfh rd]nLsf] sfgdf 7f]lSsg k'Uof] . Tof] cfjfh pxL wg] ;fx"sf] /x]5 . ;fx" eGb}lyof], æcfh;Dd t}+n] d]/f] ;f“jf–Jofh glt/]sfn] t]/f] sf]7]af/L cfhsf ldltb]lv d]/f] ePsf] 5, a'lem;\ . clg csf]{ s'/f, ca bz}+;Dd klg C0f glt/]df t]/f] 3/df klg tfNrf nfUg]5 .Æ rd]nLnfO{ cfkm\gf] d'6' 7"nf] 9'ª\ufn] lyr]h:tf] nfUof] . uf]8f klg b'j{n eP/ cem pleg g;Sg] h:tf] eof] . clg l/+u6f rn]h:tf] klg nfUof] . To;/L w]/}a]/ pleg g;sL hLjg b]jtfsf ;fd' b]jbf;Ln] h;/L r/0f 5f]P/ cfTd;dk{0f ub{5] To;}u/L rd]nLn] klg 3'“8f 6]s]/ ;fx"sf b'j} uf]8f ;dft]/ ?“b}–?“b} egL, æxh"/ d]/f] ;DklQsf] gfddf oxL Pp6f sf]7]af/L 5, ToxL klg gePkl5 d ef]s} d5'{, To;}n] ljGtL 5 To;f] gug'{;\ . dnfO{ c? s]xL ;do yk ul/kfpm“, d h;/L eP klg ltg]{5' .Æ kfkLsf] x[bo 9'ª\ufsf] /x]5 Sof/] rd]nLsf xft e"“Odf em6\sf/]/ kmflnlbof] / km]l/ uHof]{, æt“ af]S;LnfO{ cem nfh nfUb}g efsf dfUg < x;'/]kl5 ltg'{k5{

eGg] yfxf lyPg < d c? w]/} s'/f hflGbg cab]lv sf]7]af/Ldf 6]ls;\ eg] t]/f] lgsf] rfn x'g]5}g .Æ olt eGb} pm 3/lt/ kmSof]{ . ;fx"n] eg]sf PsPs zAb

rd]nLsf x[bodf aGb'ssf uf]nL ag]/ al;{/x] . hlthlt ;Dem“b} uof] pltplt rd]nLsf x[bo cfsfzdf jiff{sf] sfnf] afbn d8fl/+b} uof] clg cf“vfdf c>'hn 5rlNs/x\of] . cf“;'n] k'l/O;s]sf] cf“vfn] s]xL gb]lvg] eof] clg cfkm\gf] cufl8 /x]sf] e'G6]sf] :y'n z/L/ klg ;fgf] x'“b} Pp6f wAaf h:tf]dfq} b]lvof] . /f]Sbf–/f]Sb} k/]nfsf] l8n gf3]/ cf“;'sf] e]n PSsf;L e"“Odf em¥of] . e'G6] ;fg} lyof] t/klg cfdf /f]Psf] b]v]/ pm klg ?g yfNof] . rd]nL cfkm\gf] lhGbuLsf] Psdfq ;xf/f e'G6]nfO{ c“ufnf]df Rofk]/ dh]qf]n] d'v 5f]kL–5f]kL /f]O{ . cf“;'sf] g'lgnf] /fkdf e'G6] To;} lgbfof] . rd]nL p;sf] ufnfdf cf“;'n] agfPsf vf]N;fx? k'b}{ lyO{ . cfkm\g} klg cf“;'sf vf]N;fx? w]/} lyP t/ To;nfO{ k'g]{ sf]xL lyPg . rd]nLsf cf“vfaf6 em/]sf] cf“;' ufnf, 5ftL / k]6 x'“b} rf]nLd} lanfof] . lbg laTb} uof], e'G6]klg 7"nf] x'“b} uof] . cfkm\gL cfdfsf]

b'Mv a'em\g] e};s]sf] x'gfn] p;n] aflx/ uP/ s]xL sdfpg] larf/ u¥of] . clg pm d'Unfg k:of] . ;fx"sf] C0fn] rd]nL emg\–emg\ uNb} uO{ .

slt lbg lat], /ft lat], dlxgf lat] / jif{klg lat] . pd]/sf] 8f]/Lklg ;dosf] rqm;“u} emg\–emg\ lvl/nf] eP/ afl6+b} uof] t/ e'G6]sf] cQf]kQf] ePg . a'9L cfdf c;Qm / /f]uL x'“b} uOg\ . ;DklQsf] gfddf Pp6f 5f]/f lyof] ToxL klg hLljt 5 jf 5}g kQf] nfu]g To;}n] pm emg\–emg\ sdhf]/ aGb} uO{ . 5f]/f cfpnf / C0f lt/f}+nf eg]/ lbg uGbf–uGb} ;fx"sf] efsf cfof] t/ e'G6] cfPg . z/b nfu]kl5 bz}+ cfof] . jgdf em\ofp“ls/Lx? s/fO/x]

. cfsfz tf/}–tf/fn] 9flsPsf] lyof] . Tof] x]bf{ rd]nLnfO{ s:tf] s:tf] nfUof] . cfsfze/Lsf tf/fx?dWo] Pp6f tf/f e'G6] ag]/ e"“O{df v;]klg x'GYof] h:tf] nfUof] . rd]nL cfsfzlt/ kms]{/ aa{/fO{ . æcfdf, of] hdLg efl;P/ lr/f kg]{ eP d klg ToxL+leq ltd|} sfvdf ljlng x'g] lyP“ .Æ rd]nLsf cf“vfaf6 a/a/ cf“;'sf yf]kfx? zLt em}+ em/]/ 5ftL k"/} leHof] . cfsfzsf] rf“bgL hlt g} rlDsnf] eP/ rDs]klg rd]nLsf] leh]sf] 5ftL ;'s]g . /ft rsdGg lyof], ;a} lgGb|f b]jLsf] sfvdf n6\7 lyP . aflx/ h"g t]h ultdf

Book_2010.indd 54 7/4/2010 10:13:39 AM


rlDs/x]Yof] . em\ofnaf6 l5/]sf] h"gsf] k|sfzlt/ x]b}{ rd]nL /fn, l;+ufg / cf“;'e/L leh]/ cf]R5\ofgdf klN6/xL . eljiosf] c“Wof/f] sNkgf, j]kQf ePsf] 5f]/f] e'G6], ;fx"n] sAhf u/]sf] 3/af/L, clg cfkm\gf] /f]uL z/L/ . To;}n] eljio x'/L eP/ clg cf“;' afl56f eP/ rd]nLsf] 5ftLdf jl;{/x] . p;n] g 6]Sg] 7fp“ b]vL g t ;dfpg] 7fp“ g} .h"g nflug} /x]sf] lyof] . rd]nLn] em\ofn vf]n]/ aflx/ x]/L

. /ft emg\ rsdGg, emg\ ;'g;fg / cem} p/f7 nfUbf] ag]/ lrlKn/x]sf] lyof] . 3/ 5f]8\g'kg]{ of] clGtd /ft lyof] To;}n] pm ef]lnsf] d'v} x]g{ rfxGgyL . ef]ln gx'“b} pm cGt} st} 6f9f 6f9f hfg rfxGyL t/ hfg] g t s'g} 7fp“ g} lyof] g t s'g} ufp“ g} . phfl8Psf] jt{dfg / clglZrt eljion] v]b\b}–v]b\b} p;nfO{ ca 6f9f lrxfgdf k'¥ofO;s]sf] efg eof] . p;n] 3/ 5f8\g' lyof] . rd]nL 3/Ss 9f]sf vf]n]/ aflx/ lg:sL . k/]jfx?n] la5f]8sf] ;'“Osf] kfP5g\ ls Sof xf] Psgf;n] lj/x kf]Vb} 3'l//x] . Psl5g;Dd t p;nfO{ stf hfpm“ stf hfpm“ h:tf] nfUof] . clg cf“ugdf k'u]/ l7ª\u pleO . 3/nfO{ w'/Lb]lv tn;Dd x]l//xL . dgdf w]/} s'/fx? t“5f8 d5f8 ub}{ cfO/x] . :ju{nf]sdf /x]sf] cfkm\gf] nf]Ug]nfO{ ;DemL, jiff}{+b]lv d'Unfgdf j]kQf ePsf] 5f]/fnfO{ ;DemL, jiff}{+b]lv ;Dxfn]sf] 3/ ;DemL clg eSsfgf] k/]/ /f]O/xL . dWo/ftdf p;sf] cf“;' b]Vg] sf]xL lyPgg\ . olb lyP eg] O{Zj/dfq} lyP . hltg} /f]Pklg ca p;sf] eGg' g t s]lx lyof] g t sfl]x g} . cl3 hfpm“ eg] ;fu/ lyof] kl5 kmsf}{+ eg] vf8n lyof] . clglZrt uGtJosf] ofqfdf kfOnf rfNg vf]H5] t/ p;sf] v'6\6f sf“k]h:tf] x'G5 . kfOnf cl3 a9\b}g . clg s] 5'6]h:tf] s] gePh:tf], s] gk'u]h:tf] dx;'; x'G5 . clGtdk6s km]l/ 8f“sf] 5f]8]/ ?g dg nfU5 clg lk+9Lsf] vDafnfO{ 5f“b xfn]/ aa{/ cf“;' emf/]/ /f]O/xG5] . w]/}a]/ /f]O;s]kl5 cf“ugsf] aLraf6 Psd'7L df6f] lnP/ k6'sfdf s:5] clg cfkm\gf] a:tLnfO{ clGtd yf]kf cf“;' r9fP/ ;/f;/ cl3 a9\5] . h"gsf] 5fof“df lg:s]/ hfg nfUbf 3/n] ?“b}?“b} /f]Sg vf]h]h:tf] nfUof] . t/ pm /f]lsOg, ;/f;/ cl3 a9L . cln dfly 8f“8fdf k'u]/ km]l/ Psk6s 3/lt/ x]5]{ . 3/sf] w'/Ldf h"gsf] 6s gflr/x]Yof] . 3/ 3/h:tf] lyPg, d;fg3f6 h:tf] lyof] . o;}u/L kms{+b} x]b}{ pm dfly af6f]df cfOk'uL . Toxf“ b'O{j6f af6fx? 5'l6\6Psf lyP . Pp6f af6f] h+un}h+un cl3 a9\Yof] eg] csf]{ rflx+ 7"nf] c“w]/L vf]nflt/ cl3 a9\Yof] . p;n] bf]>f] af6f] /f]hL . rf/}lt/ x]bf{ ufp“ rsdGg b]lvGYof] . h'g]nL /ft ;'n'n'n' lrlKn/x]Yof] . af6f] 5]p plePsf plt;sf ?vx? s;}sf] kx/f ug{ a;]h:tf l7ª\u plePsf b]lvGy] . rd]nL slxn] s] ;f]RyL, slxn] s] ;f]RyL . slxn] v'Oof ;':s]/f sf6\yL t slxn] nfdf] ;f; km]yL{ . p;sf] cf“;' ;'ls;s]sf] lyof] . pm ca ;/f;/ lx+8\g yfnL . efUon] stf nlu/x]5 yfxf lyPg . efUosf] nx/fdf h]ln+b} lhGbuLsf] dxf;fu/df x]ln+b} pm cl3 a9L/xL, a9L/xL .kNnf] 8f“8fdf k'Ubf aNn c“w]/L vf]nf ;';fPsf] ;'lgof] .

dgdf 8/ lyPg, cf“vfdf cf“;' lyPg . xfjf hf]8\n] aUb} lyof] . pm lg/Gt/ cl3 a9\b} u5{ . t/klg d'6'leq stf xf] stf s;}sf] dfof ;NanfPh:tf] nfUYof] . vf]nfdfly sRrL k'n lyof] . pm k'nsf] aLrdf k'u]/ 6Ss cl8O{ . vf]nf cfkm\g} ultdf ;';fO/x]Yof] . k'n ndtGg k/]/ k;fl/Psf] lyof] . kfgLsf 5fnx? t“5f8 d5f8 ub}{ bf}l8/x]sf lyP . p;sf] lhGbuL kfgLsf] e"d/Ldf kmgkmgL 3'ld/x]sf] Pp6f kft em}+ lyof] . Tof] slxn] cufl8 slxn] k5f8L slxn] otf slxn] ptf 7Ss/ vf“b} x'lQG5 . rd]nL cfkm"nfO{ ToxL kft ;DemGyL . of] kft sxf“b]lv aUb} cfof] xf]nf < clxn] oxf“ clNk/x]5, ef]ln sxf“ k'Unf < pQ/ klg ;lhn} lyof], hxf“hxf“ 5fnn] k'¥ofp“5 ToxL+–ToxL+ .kf/L ufp“df s's'/x? e'ls/x]sf lyP . em\ofp“ls/Lx?

s/fO/x]y] . nf6f]sf];]/fn] pn'n' :j/ p/fln/x]Yof] . vf]nfkf/L :ofnx? s/fO/x]y] . dWo/ftsf] ;Ggf6fnfO{ lrb}{ Pp6L cjf]w gf/L vf]nfsf] lsgf/df cnkq k/]sL 5 . pm ;':t/L p7\5] clg k'nsf] aLrlt/ k'U5] . v'6\6f un]/ cfp“5 clg YofRr a:5] . clg km]l/ ;f]Rg yfN5], æca lhGbuLsf] cGtxLg ofqf oxL+lg/af6 6'6\g]5 . clGtdk6s e'G6]nfO{ ;DemG5] . e'G6] cfh s] ub}{ xf]nf < sxf“ xf]nf < g t e"d/Lsf] kft em}+ otfptf 7Ss/ vf“b} x'lQ++b} xf]nf . dft[x[bo l5ofl5of eP/ cfof] . vf]nf ;';fO/x]sf] lyof] . h"g lj:tf/} c:tfpg} cf“6]sf] lyof] . e'se's] pHofnf] x'g cf“6]sf] lyof] . rd]nLn] cfkm\gf] kf]N6fdf af“lw/fv]sf] Psd'7L df6f] 5f]P/ s;d vf“b} lyO{ . æof] h'gLdf t d}n] xf/]+ t/ csf]{ h'gLdf d of] df6f]sf] d"No r'Qmf u/]/} 5f8\g] 5' . To;}n] x] O{Zj/ d km]l/ klg oxL df6f]df hGdg kfp“ .ufp“df efn] af;]sf] ;'lgof] . dfG5]x?sf] rxnkxn lj:tf/}

a9\b} lyof] . cl3Nnf] lbg af6f]df af; a;]sf a6'jfx? 3/lt/ af6f] ttfp“b} lyP . k'nsf] csf]{ 5]paf6 sf]xL cfkm"lt/ cfPem}+ nfUof] . Tof] 5fof“ lj:tf/} rd]nLsf] glhs} k'u]/ l7ª\u pleof] . rd]nL cf“vf lrDd u/]/ vf]nfdf xfdkmfNg v'6\6f prfn]sL dfq lyO t/ p;sf] kfv'/fdf s;}n] hf]8n] tfGof] / eGof] æcfd}, of] s] u/]sf]< tkfO{+ sf] x'g'x'G5 < lsg o;f] ug{ nfu]sf] <Æ rd]nLnfO{ s'g} k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' lyPg . pm hf]8n] lrRofO{ æd}n] hLjge/L slxNo} ;'vn] af“Rg kfOg . oxf“ d]/f] lglDt s'g} 7fp“ /x]g5 .Æ pm aa{/fO/xL . p;n] cfkm\gf] ;f/f j[tfGt atfP/ ca pm hLjgsf] clGtd 38Ldf cfOk'u]sf] / p;n] dg{ kfpg'kg]{ s'/f atfO{ / PSsf;L k6'sLaf6 s]xL lgsfn]/ d'vdf xfnL . s]xL l5gdf pm cw{r]t x'“b} uO . Tof] t ljifflb kf] /x]5 . p;sf] ;fydf e]l6Psf] cfkm\gf] kmf]6f]af6 tL dlxnf sf] x'g\ eGg] lrGg ufx«f] k/]g Tof] a6'jfnfO{ . Tof] 5fof“ 5fof“ lyPg, Tof] 5fof“ rd]nLsf] d'6'sf] 6'qmf

lyof], clg Tof] x/fPsf] ;DklQ lyof], Tof] e'G6] lyof] h'g cfh o;/L k|fKt eO/x]5 . e'G6]nfO{ ca tL cfd}nfO{ lrGg s'g} sl7gfO{ k/]g . cfkm\gL cfdfsf] o:tf] xfnt b]v]/ pm 5f“ufaf6 v;]h:tf] eof], p;nfO{ cfkm" lhp“b} d/]sf] efg

Book_2010.indd 55 7/4/2010 10:13:39 AM


eof] . clg hf]8n] lrRofof], æcfdf d ltd|f] 5f]/f e'G6] x'“, e'G6], cfdf p7 .Æ æe'G6]Æ zAb ;'g]/ rd]nLn] 6fpsf] p7fpg vf]hL t/ ;lsg, ux«f}+ kL/n] lylrPsf] xn'ª\uf] 6fpsf] p7fpg . p;n] e'G6]sf] xft hf]8n] RofkL . aa{/ cf“;' v;fn]/ /f]O/xL . clg k6'sLdf af“w]sf] Psd'7L df6f]sf] 6Lsf e'G6]nfO{ nufOlbO{ . clg w'sw'sLdfq af“sL /x]sf] d[tk|foM z/L/n] ;'tL;'tL af]ln/x]lyO, æof] df6f] ltd|} xf] o;nfO{ arfpg' .Æ To;kl5 rd]nLn] clGtd k6s cf“vf vf]nL . e'G6]sf] cf“vfdf cf“;' 6lNs/x]sf] lyof] . cfkm\gf] d'6'sf] 6'qmfnfO{ k]6el/ x]b}{–x]b}{ p;n] ;bf–;bfsf nflu cf“vf lrDnLO . km]l/ slxNo} gAo"“emg] u/L pm rL/ lgb|fdf nLg eO .

e'G6] 5ftL lkl6lk6L /f]of] . 3/df 5f]8]/ uPsf] cfdfnfO{ of] ;'g;fg 3f6df o;/L kfp“bf pm cw}o{ eof] . o;/L Pp6f km"njf/Lsf /+lulj/+uL km"nx? kq}kq eP/ e'O“e/L em/] clg

3/jf/Ldf pld|Psf slnnf lj?jfx? kfgL gkfP/ d/] . o;sf] Pp6}dfq sf/0f lyof] wg] ;fx" . hlt g} /f]Pklg h] x'g' e};s]sf] lyof] . ca l9nf e};s]sf] lyof] . e'G6]sf cf“vf ?“bf–?“bf ;'lgPsf lyP . ca cGofo / cTofrf/sf] ;fd|fHodf wfjf af]Ng'afx]s csf]{ ljsNk p;n] s]lx b]v]g . p;n] df6f] 5f]P/ s;d vfof], æd}n] km"nh:tf] afa' u'dfP“, h"gh:tL cfdf u'dfP“, 3/af/L ;a} u'dfP“, t/ cem} d u'd]sf] 5}g, d ca u'Dg] 5}g . a? d t ca wg] ;fx"sf] sfn ag]/ cfp“b}5' p;nfO{ lrxfgdf k5fg{sf nflu . clg ToxL lrxfgaf6 km]l/ gof“ a:tL p7fpgsf nflu .Æ e'G6] t Ps k|ltlglw kfq dfq} xf] . xfd|f] ;dfhdf o:tf

e'G6]x? w]/} 5g\ . hf] lhGbuLsf] psfnLx?df To;}–To;} x/fP/ uPsf 5g\, lanfP/ uPsf 5g\, cf]OlnPsf kftx? h:t}, em/]sf km"nx? h:t} .

;d'Gb| kf/Laf^n]vgfy b'nfn

kv{g';\ cfdfk/b]zaf6 d l56\6} cfp“b}5' .k/b]zaf6 sdfO{ k};f lnP/ cfp“b}5' .cf}iflwd'nf] ug{nfO{ egLd l56\6} cfp“b}5' .

xh"/sf] b'Mv ;Dem]/;w}+ sfddf wfp“b}5' .oltsf jif{ kv{g' eof]Ps;fn af“sL 5,xh"/sf] ufydf latfpg} cfdfh'gLe/ af“sL 5 .

/f]P/ dfq s] u/f}+uf]aw{g >]i7

cf]emn k/]sf] hLjgdfaxf/ vf]h]/ s] u/f}+rf]6 5 x[bodfaflx/ xf“;]/ s] u?“

lj/xLsf] lhGbuL g} o;f] elghLjgnfO{ latfpg vf]h+] v'zL–v'zLt/ klg ltdLnfO{ ;DemL ?g] u5'{t/ s] ug'{ltdL g} 6f9f 5f} /f]P/ dfq s] u/f}+;Demgfsf] nx/n] ha ?G5 dg

gL/ axfO{ cfkm" g} lkp“ h:tf] nfU55}gf} ltdL ;fydf eg]ofbdfq u/]/ s] u/f}+ltdL g} 6f9f 5f} /f]P/dfq s] u/f}+

;'Gb/ d'xf/leqsf] ltd|f] k|ltljDjn] cf}+zLsf] /ft klg k"l0f{dfsf] /fth:tf] nfU5nfu]/ dfq s] u/f}+5}gf} ltdL ;fydf eg]ofb dfq u/]/ s] u/f}+ltdL g} 6f9f 5f} /f]P/ dfq s] u/f}+

Book_2010.indd 56 7/4/2010 10:13:39 AM

ljljwtfdf Pstf M g]kfnLsf] df}lnstf

cgGtuf]kfn l/;fn

!= e]if–cfe'if0f

cfe'if0f gf/L–xfd|f, /fd|f gfgf e]ifcUnf kxf8\–lzv/ 5g\–t/fO{–dw]z .

r'af–aVv' nfp“bf ldNg] z]kf{ bfh'sf]bf}/f ;'?jfn\ 6f]kL, ;f/L, u'Go' efph'sf] .

rf]nf] nfp“bf xfd|L 5f]/L, ;fx«} /fd|L 5] x“l;nL / /l;nL em}+, :ju}{ k/L /] .

k'tnL em}+ cfsfzdf–rf}8f p8'“ nfUg],pkTosf, s'08, k'/ gf}nf 8'n'“ nfUg] .

ef]6f], s'yf{ vNtL ldNof], yf? xfd|f emg\ysfnLsf lbbL–alxgL, rfd|f /fd|f 5g\ .

z]kf{, afx'g, u'?ª, du/, tfdfª\, g]jf/lnDa', yf?, uGwj{ / wfdL ;'g'jf/ .

/ftf 6Lsf lrNnf ufnf, 58\s] gh/ lrl6SssL, x[i6–k'i6, lrGtf gu/ .

ljZj em'S5 ltd|f ;fd', lbJo–b}jL dfyk|;Gg 5g\ pHofnf tL z}n–;/L bf“t .

kf]t], r'/f, wfuf] nlR5g\, sf]/Laf6L s]zx]5\of}{ 6f9f, dflyaf6 lxdfNkf/L b]z .

O{Zj/sf] gh/df, ;a}sf] k'sf/ d:t sfnf–;]tf wf]tL, x“l;nf] d'xf/ .

df?gLn] gfrL, ef“rL–sDd/ ds]{/b]z–ljb]z nfUg' t/ cfpgf];\ kms]{/ .

;+:sf/ 5g\ h'xf/t, lzIff ;dk{0fe[s'6L / ;Ltf–;tL, ldN5g\ s0f s0f .

Book_2010.indd 57 7/4/2010 10:13:40 AM

xf“;L v'zL ldlnj/L eL/sf kfvfdfnhfn' tL dL7f af]nL, cfkm\g} efiffdf .

b]jL sGof pa{;L / /Def, kfl/hftz'e–d+un dg's?n rf]vf] ltd|f] ;fy .

sfGnf af/L, km"n}–km"n /ª ?k w]/Pstfdf ljleGgtf, ldlna;] x]/ .

cltlysf] k"hf ug]{, lzi6 xfd|f] dg;'Gb/ / ck"j{sf] l;bf–;fbf kg .

5}g af“sL s'g} ca, /L;–/fu–Sn]zcfpgf];\ x]gf]{;\ O{Zj/sf] rdTsf/ z]if .

b'Mv ;'v af“8f} xfdL, h:t} kl/j]z:ju}{ efvf n]s–a]zL, t/fO{–dw]z .

@= afhf, efsf / ;+uLt

dfbnsf] lwGtfg\ lwGtfg\, ;f/+uLsf] ¥ofO{+af“;'/Lsf] dfw'/Ldf–gfrf}+ lbbL–efO .lwd] uHof]{, gl;{ªn] u5{ RofO“ RofO“k~r] afhf Ps} rf]6L, em\ofnL em\ofO“–em\ofO“ .

bdfxf / 9\ofª\u|f] 7f]sL, 8Dkm" ahfp“nfz+v, 306, 8d?df elQm hdfp“nf .5ftL 9Ss, 9f]nssf] cfjfhn] sflx+sgf{nsf] tLvf] :j/, 6\ofDsf] 5\ofO“–5\ofO“ .

lnDa', yf?, uGwj{ / wfdL, ;'g'jf/z]kf{, afx'g, u'?ª, du/, tfdfª\, g]jf/ .d'r'{ª\uf / ldb"{ª\ufsf] dL7f] cfjfhn]:ju{ ;/L xfd|f] b]z, /Llt–l/jfhn] .

gu/f / wLd] 9\ofD9\ofd\, d'6' 5'g] 8/Pstf/] l6ª\l6ª u5{, d'/nLsf] :j/ .uLt–;+uLt, :j/ dL7f], kfvf–efsf–ufp“;f“RrL 5}g g]kfn em}+, ;+;f/d} 7fp“ .

#= d]nf, kj{ / pT;j

dftf lty]{ cf}+;L cfP, cfdf 9f]Ug hfp“nf b]p;L–e}nL ltxf/df, ;]n /f]6L vfp“nf .

a'4 xfd|f] ;+:s[ltsf] 7"nf] cª\u hfglzj/fqL ef/tsf, hf]uL tfgftfg .

tLh–306fs0f{ e/L gfRg], t;f{pg]hg}–k'g]{, /Iff–aGwg\ 8f]/f] nufpg] .

Book_2010.indd 58 7/4/2010 10:13:41 AM

ufO{–hfqf d/]sfsf] ;Demfpg] uj{dlR5Gb| / O{Gb|–/y tfGg] 7"nf] kj{ .

of]d/Lsf] k'GxL sfxL+ td'–wL+sf] v]tL/f]bL hfG5g\ xfd|f 5f]/L, gfR5g\ r]nL a]6L .

s'df/Lsf] k"hfnfO{ efjk"0f{ n]v;+;f/sf] lhp“bf] sGof, b]jL–nfO{ b]v .

j}Z0fjsf] s[i0ffi6dL, /fd–gjdL emg\kGrdLdf s]6fs]6L n]Vg} z'? u5{g\ .

df3] ;+qmflGtdf hf8f], l3p–tLn vfpmNxf];f/ / dgL l/Db', ;]kf{–;Gt cfpm .

b]z ;fg} eP klg, 7"nf] /}5 3]/flxdfnsf]–kxf8sf]–t/fO{sf] d]nf .;of}+ hft, wd{ xfd|f], leGbf–leGb} syfg]kfnLsf] ljZj–dfem, gf}nf] df}lnstf .

Book_2010.indd 59 7/4/2010 10:13:43 AM

Book_2010.indd 60 7/4/2010 10:13:45 AM

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