Sampath Wahala EcoBusiness Management Special Degree Program
Creativity Techniques
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Divergent & Convergent Creative Thinking Tools 2
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Divergent thinking 3 Is a thought process or method used to
generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions. Many
possible solutions are explored in a short amount of time, and
unexpected connections are drawn. After the process of divergent
thinking has been completed, ideas and information are organized
and structured using convergent thinking.
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Convergent thinking 4 is a term coined by Joy Paul Guilford as
the opposite of divergent thinking. It generally means the ability
to give the "correct" answer to standard questions that do not
require significant creativity, for instance in most tasks in
school and on standardized multiple-choice tests for intelligence.
Convergent thinking is the type of thinking that focuses on coming
up with the single, well-established answer to a problem.
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5 Map of Convergent Thinking
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EBM 415 Lec 3 Creativity Techniques 6 Force Field Analysis
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7 Write a brief statement of the problem to be solved Describe
what the situation would be like if everything fell apart absolute
catastrophe Describe what the situation would be like if everything
were ideal With catastrophic at the left and ideal at the right,
draw a center line
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Force Field Analysis contd.. 8 On the range, list the forces
that are contributing to make the situation more ideal and those
contributing to make it more catastrophic Strengthen an already
positive force Weaken an already negative force Add a new positive
force
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Forced Relationships
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10 This is an idea generating technique that appears in many
books about creative thinking and creative thinking or innovation
tools. First Step choose something totally unrelated to the problem
or challenge you or your group are working on. Second Step List
everything you or your group know about it. (Who? What? When?
Where? Why? How?physical, visual, tactile,all senses, good and
bad)
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Forced Relationships EBM 415 Lec 3 Creativity Techniques 11
Third Step List everything you or your group know about your
problem or challenge. (WWWWWHand using all the senses) Fourth Step
Take items/details/aspects from the first list and FORCE FIT them
to features or details from the second list. Your goal is to see if
the features from the randomly chosen, unrelated thing/animal
sparks ideas for improving, Changing, correcting features of the
problem.
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Ex. EBM 415 Lec 3 Creativity Techniques 12 A traditional
example or warm-up for doing this consists of 1st. Ask the person
or group to write everything they know about a canary (or a bird in
their country. 2nd. Ask the person or group to write everything
they know about the chair they are sitting in. 3rd. Then I ask them
to combine (FORCE FIT or make a FORCED Relationship) one item from
the canary list with the chairs list with the goal to improve,
change, correct the chair design or to generate ideas for designing
the ultimate chair.
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EBM 415 Lec 3 Creativity Techniques 13
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EBM 415 Lec 3 Creativity Techniques 14
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EBM 415 Lec 3 Creativity Techniques 15
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EBM 415 Lec 3 Creativity Techniques 16 Idea Grids
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EBM 415 Lec 3 Creativity Techniques 17 First Step With this
Creating Tool we first generate 12 to 24 ideas through
Brainstorming or any other technique. Second Step Then draw a grid
made up of as many vertical and horizontal cells as you have ideas.
Third Step Combine the ideas on the vertical side of the grid with
the ideas on the horizontal side one by one and write them into the
separate boxes where the two ideas meet.. 6 ideas can Then produce
36 ideas, 12 can produce 24, 100 - 10,000
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EBM 415 Lec 3 Creativity Techniques 18 Fourth Step Read over
the ideas you have produced and select the Best to work on to turn
them into HOT SOLUTIONS to use.
EBM 415 Lec 3 Creativity Techniques 22 Shortage of Entry Level
Professional Employees Shortage of Professional Employees Shortage
of Human Capacity at Professional Level
EBM 415 Lec 3 Creativity Techniques 26 1. Leader assists group
in identifying the problem or opportunity to be expanded 2. Leader
asks participants to select a solution to the problem, phrased in
the form of a goal or wish 3. Leader picks a key concept to the
goal/wish statements 4. Leader asks the group to think of a world
that is remote from the world of the problem (leader chooses the
remote world) 5. Leader request to set aside the problem and
goal/wish developed and to lists associations and images that
characterize the remote world
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Associations/Images Technique EBM 415 Lec 3 Creativity
Techniques 27 1. Leader directs the group to relate the list of
associations and images of the remote world to the world of the
problem 2. Leader directs group to develop second-generation
associations and images from any one of those listed in step 6,
extracting key principles and applying them in a more realistic way
without diluting the innovation 3. Group selects and implements
appealing ideas developed in step 7
29 1. Develop a problem statement 2. Open solution space to all
possibilities, i.e. anything is possible 3. State alternative in
terms of a wish or fantasy 4. Convert each wishful statement to a
more practical one 5. Move on to the normal analytical problem
solving approach to develop a solution
31 1. Withholding evaluation, generate a list of objects,
persons, situations or actions that are similar but unrelated to
problem 2. Select one of the analogies and describe it in detail
(avoid any reference to original problem) 3. Examine items and
translate them into statements that apply to the problem 4. Examine
each statement and discuss its application to the problem
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Techniques to spark great ideas 32 Great expectations Be
childish Focus 80/20 principle Structure idea sessions Break
patterns Fresh Perspective Make it real Practice