Samoa Aquaculture Management and Development Plan 2013-2018 · 2 Samoa Aquaculture Management and Development Plan 2013–2018 • Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Sector Plan

AquacultureManagement and Development Plan

SAMOA

2013–2018

SAMOA

Aquaculture

Management and Development Plan

2013–2018

Secretariat of the Pacifi c Community Aquaculture Section

© Secretariat of the Pacifi c Community (SPC) 2012

All rights for commercial / for profi t reproduction or translation, in any form, reserved. SPC authorises the partial

reproduction or translation of this material for scientifi c, educational or research purposes, provided that SPC and the

source document are properly acknowledged. Permission to reproduce the document and/or translate in whole, in any

form, whether for commercial / for profi t or non-profi t purposes, must be requested in writing. Original SPC artwork

may not be altered or separately published without permission.

Original text: English

Secretariat of the Pacifi c Community Cataloguing-in-publication data

Samoa aquaculture management and development plan / Secretariat of the Pacifi c Community

Aquaculture Section

1. Aquaculture — management — Samoa.

2. Aquaculture – Economic aspects — Samoa.

3. Aquaculture – Law and legislation — Samoa.

I. Title. II. Secretariat of the Pacifi c Community.

639.8099614 AACR2

ISBN: 978-982-00-0598-3

Secretariat of the Pacifi c Community

BP D5, 98848 Noumea Cedex, New Caledonia

Tel: +687 26.20.00 Fax: +687 26.38.18

www.spc.int [email protected]

Prepared for publication at SPC headquarters, Noumea, New Caledonia, 2012

Printed at SPC, Noumea, New Caledonia, 2012

Samoa Aquaculture Management and Development Plan 2013–2018 i

CONTENTS

Foreword

1. Vision and goal for aquaculture in Samoa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

2. General introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

2.1. Current status of the aquaculture sector

2.2. Legal and policy framework

3. Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

4. Action plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

4.1. In English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4.2. In Samoan (Fuafuaga o Galuega Fa’atino) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

5. Species prioritisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

5.1. Priority commodities for aquaculture in Samoa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

5.2. High priority commodities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

5.3. Low priority commodities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Foreword

This Aquaculture Management and Development Plan sets out a clear guide for the future expansion of the

aquaculture sector in Samoa, and a comprehensive pathway for the Fisheries Division to ensure the long-term

sustainability of the activity. The involvement of fi sheries staff from various sections and broad, national, con-

sultation with many stakeholders will, I hope, foster a clear commitment toward the strategies, objectives and

actions of this fi ve-year management and development plan. The Fisheries Division, in partnership with com-

munities, farmers, and national and regional institutions, is now committed to promoting and developing the

aquaculture sector in a responsible and sustainable way, as an alternative to capture fi sheries, to help ensure

food and nutritional security and improve rural livelihoods. I am confi dent that this plan can drive the develop-

ment of aquaculture in Samoa and also assist the Ministry in achieving some of its Sector Plan long-term goals,

in particular in the fi sheries sector. I now present this Plan and commend it to the people of Samoa.

Soifua

Honourable Lemaea Ropati

Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries

Samoa Aquaculture Management and Development Plan 2013–2018 1

1. Vision and goal for aquaculture in Samoa

1.1. Vision

Long-term benefi ts of socioeconomic growth for Samoa as a result of development of the aquaculture sector in

a sustainable and responsible way, as an income generating activity alternative to capture fi sheries.

1.2. Goal

The overall goal is to ensure food and nutritional security and improve rural and urban livelihoods through

sustainable and responsible development and management of the aquaculture sector in Samoa.

1.3. Main objective of Samoa Aquaculture Management and Development Plan

The Plan’s main objective is to provide comprehensive guidance to the Fisheries Division and aquaculture

stakeholders on sustainable management and development of the aquaculture sector in the country by in-

creasing the number of species being farmed, identifying species with high commercial potential, providing

support to community development and management initiatives, enhancing the skills and knowledge of all

those involved in the sector, and researching and promoting ways to add value to existing products, in order to

improve the current status of the sector.

2. General introduction

2.1. Current status of the aquaculture sector

Samoa’s diverse aquatic fl ora and fauna resources are readily available from its surrounding coastal environ-

ment. Most form the basis of the country’s local subsistence, artisanal and commercial fi sheries. The inshore

fi shery resources, in particular, are vital as food and income for the rural fi shing communities. Although en-

terprise-led commercial aquaculture has not yet taken root in Samoa, aquaculture is widely recognised as a

viable means of increasing fi sheries production, as additional protein for the local population and as a means

of generating income.

The Strategy for Development of Samoa (SDS) recognises the potential role of aquaculture, and specifi es that

one of the activities is to ‘increase the harvestable stocks of fi sh and other marine resources’ by developing

‘fi sh farming to supplement natural stocks’. Aquaculture has already contributed to improvement of Samoa’s

resource status, through re-introduction and re-stocking of giant clam and trochus. These projects were initi-

ated by the South Pacifi c Aquaculture Development Project (SPADP) and the Fisheries Division, and continued

through an AusAID-funded Samoa Fisheries Project. The programme began with introductions of Tridacna sp.

and Hippopus hippopus from American Samoa and Fiji for grow-out in village lagoons in the Fisheries Extension

Programme. For freshwater aquaculture, the Fisheries Division is maintaining both chitrilada and genetically

improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) (Oreochromis niloticus) breeders at the public freshwater hatchery, and high

quality fi ngerlings are being supplied from this hatchery to many small-scale/land-based farmers. Tilapia cul-

ture in earthen ponds has been quite successful in Samoa for the past fi ve years, but the activity has also faced

major constraints and limitations as a result of lack of feeds, technology and skills, and limited access to mar-

kets. To conclude, real commercial aquaculture has yet to be developed in Samoa, despite previous attempts

to culture a range of species. High levels of inputs, specialised facilities and market development requirements

contribute to its slow progress. Nevertheless, aquaculture is still widely recognised as a viable means of increas-

ing fi sheries production, providing additional dietary resources, and generating income for local communities.

2.2. Legal and policy framework

• Fisheries Act.,1988.

One of the purposes of the Fisheries Act is ‘to promote the conservation, management and development

of the fisheries in Samoa’. The Act will guide and mandate fisheries, including aquaculture. It is worth not-

ing that a revised Fisheries Management Bill 2013, now with Cabinet, provides a more direct mandate for

the development of this Plan. Section 25 paragraph 2 states that the Fisheries Division may specify condi-

tions for the operation of aquaculture activities relating to conservation, management and sustainable use

of the aquatic environment.

Samoa Aquaculture Management and Development Plan 2013–20182

• Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Sector Plan 2012–2016.

One of the long-term objectives of the Sector Plan is to strengthen regulatory framework enforcement and

compliance capacities and public-private sector collaboration. The Fisheries Sector Plan specifi cally calls for the

development of an Aquaculture Management and Development Plan.

3. Strategies

Objective 1: To promote better aquaculture management practices

Rationale: Draft legislation on aquaculture, including regulations, permits and licensing, is required. Good

aquaculture practices at all levels of the production chain should be comprehensively developed and promot-

ed by the Fisheries Division. These practices should be made clear to all relevant key partners to ensure sound

management. Specifi c management and development plans for high priority commodities, e.g. tilapia, giant

clams, trochus and mullet, are also needed in order to provide clear guidance to all key stakeholders on the

streamlined development of the sector.

Objective 2: To improve marketability of aquaculture products in Samoa

Rationale: There is a real need to assess and better understand local and overseas markets and their potential

for aquaculture products in Samoa. Trade routes, freight charges and space, demand and supply, and access

requirements all need to be considered. Market access requirements must be complied with when export-

ing Samoan products overseas. Research on further value-adding products through post-harvest techniques,

processing and labelling of commodities, such as tilapia, should be encouraged. Once a market is established,

measures need to be in place to ensure that the supply chain is maintained. Research on the marketing of new

and existing products, and collaboration with the Ministry of Foreign Aff airs and Trade in seeking markets for

Samoa’s products should be encouraged.

Objective 3: To diversify the number of aquatic species that can be cultured in Samoa

Rationale: So far, there is only one freshwater public hatchery operational in Samoa to promote and develop

aquaculture for commercial and restocking purposes. In order to make possible a broader range of aquaculture

commodities that can be successfully produced in Samoa, this facility needs to be upgraded and a new marine

hatchery should be developed. Because the Toloa marine hatchery was closed, a proposal to re-establish the

facility should be submitted, identifying fi nancial support. Furthermore, production of microalgae is needed in

order to feed most high priority commodities such as giant clam, trochus and other potential species. Research

on potential local species of interest for capture-based aquaculture should be conducted.

Objective 4: To improve quality and availability of lower-cost feeds for aquaculture

Rationale: There is an urgent need to establish a proper feed storage unit and develop aff ordable (cost-effi cient)

aqua-feeds with available local raw materials for species such as tilapia. The cost of local production versus

imported products may cause problems. Small-scale feed processors would be ideal for small countries such as

Samoa to meet the required level of production. Training for Fisheries Division staff and private sector person-

nel in feed formulation for hatchery and grow-out is essential. As follow-on research from the feed ingredients

survey and analyses already conducted in Samoa, implementing on-farm trials should be promoted by the

Fisheries Division, to test and compare the performance of fi sh feed made from various local ingredients in a

real production system and identify the best.

Objective 5: To ensure access by farmers to the best possible genetic quality of seed stocks

Rationale: Proper broodstock management protocols and coherent selective breeding strategies for high prior-

ity species should be encouraged by the Fisheries Division. GIFT breeders and good quality giant clams brood-

stock should be maintained and be available to the private sector and other key stakeholders when required.

3

Objective 6: To promote private sector development

Rationale: ‘Pilot’ semi-commercial farms should be developed in order to demonstrate the feasibility of aqua-

culture activities in Samoa. These pilot farms should be established in partnership with the private sector to

promote best management practices and foster the industry. Practical training opportunities for all key part-

ners engaged in producing high priority commodities should be developed and promoted. Incentives for the

private sector should be encouraged to ensure confi dence in investing. Pilot farms will serve to assess the

viability of the culture of a selected species in partnership with the private sector. Agreements between the

investor and community should be arranged to ensure loyalty and consistency in supply. Funding schemes for

potential fi sh farmers to help them establish farms should be assessed (e.g. micro-credit schemes). A proposal

to the Government for duty free or reduced import tax for imported inputs (e.g. equipment, seed, feeds) for a

period to kick-start industry development should be evaluated.

Objective 7: To improve human resource capacities to manage and develop aquaculture

Rationale: The current structure of the Fisheries Division for aquaculture should be reviewed and expanded,

and include establishing a Principal Fisheries Offi cer for Aquaculture post. General technical expertise on aqua-

culture is limited in Samoa, even within the Aquaculture Section of the Fisheries Division. A training needs

analysis (TNA) is required, in order to identify skills and knowledge gaps and prioritise training needs for further

development. Short- and long-term training programmes should be promoted. Funding to implement such

programmes must be secured from either Government or specifi c donors.

Objective 8: To improve aquaculture networking

Rationale: Local, regional and international networking should be promoted and maintained, in the provision

of research, training and technical advice.

44

. Act

ion

pla

n

4.1

. In

En

gli

sh

Strategic objectives

Act

ion

sP

erf

orm

an

ce in

dic

ato

rsT

ime

fra

me

Pro

ject

s

1.

To p

rom

ote

be

tte

r a

qu

acu

ltu

re m

an

ag

em

en

t p

ract

ice

s (B

MP

s)

1.1

. S

pe

cify

te

rms

and

co

nd

itio

ns

for

com

me

rcia

l aq

uac

ult

ure

far

ms.

1.1

. Te

rms

and

co

nd

itio

ns

de

velo

pe

d.

Mid

20

13

1.

Pre

par

e t

erm

s a

nd

co

nd

itio

ns

for

com

me

rcia

l a

qu

acu

ltu

re f

arm

s.

2.

Pre

pa

re t

erm

s a

nd

co

nd

itio

ns

for

ha

tch

ery

e

sta

blis

hm

en

t a

nd

op

era

tio

n.

3.

Pre

pa

re im

po

rt r

isk

an

aly

sis

for

an

y p

rop

osa

ls

to in

tro

du

ce a

qu

ati

c sp

eci

es,

as

req

uir

ed

(IR

A

gu

ide

line

s).

4.

De

velo

p c

om

mo

dit

y p

lan

s fo

r th

e t

op

pri

ori

ty

aq

ua

tic

spe

cie

s.

1.2

. S

pe

cify

te

rms

and

co

nd

itio

ns

for

hat

che

ry

est

ablis

hm

en

t an

d o

pe

rati

on

.1

.2.

Term

s an

d c

on

dit

ion

s d

eve

lop

ed

.2

01

3

1.3

. P

rep

are

imp

ort

ris

k an

alys

is fo

r an

y p

rop

osa

ls

to in

tro

du

ce a

qu

atic

sp

eci

es.

1.3

. R

isk

anal

ysis

pre

par

ed

as

req

uir

ed

.O

ng

oin

g

1.4

. D

eve

lop

co

mm

od

ity

pla

ns

for

the

to

p p

rio

rity

aq

uat

ic s

pe

cie

s.1

.4.

Co

mm

od

ity

pla

ns

de

velo

pe

d fo

r fo

ur

spe

cie

s.2

01

5

1.5

. C

on

du

ct a

pe

rio

dic

al r

evi

ew

of

the

Aq

uac

ul-

ture

Man

age

me

nt

and

De

velo

pm

en

t P

lan

.1

.5.

Co

nsu

ltat

ion

he

ld a

nd

Aq

uac

ult

ure

Man

-

age

me

nt

and

De

velo

pm

en

t P

lan

re

vie

we

d.

Pro

gre

ss r

evi

ew

– a

fte

r tw

o y

ear

s

Pla

n r

evi

ew

– a

fte

r fi

ve y

ear

s

2.

To im

pro

ve

ma

rke

tab

ilit

y o

f a

qu

acu

ltu

re p

rod

uct

s in

Sa

mo

a

2.1

. A

sse

ss m

arke

t re

qu

ire

me

nt

for

loca

l an

d

exp

ort

mar

kets

.2

.1.

Mar

ket

req

uir

em

en

ts fo

r lo

cal a

nd

exp

ort

mar

kets

ide

nti

fi e

d.

Tila

pia

– e

nd

20

13

Se

a g

rap

e –

en

d 2

01

4

1.

Ass

ess

ma

rke

t re

qu

ire

me

nts

fo

r lo

cal a

nd

e

xpo

rt m

ark

ets

.

2.

Ass

ist

pro

du

cers

to

co

mp

ly w

ith

ma

rke

t re

qu

ire

me

nts

as

req

uir

ed

.

3.

Ass

ist

in p

rod

uct

de

velo

pm

en

t su

ch a

s v

alu

e

ad

din

g a

nd

pro

cess

ing

.

2.2

. A

ssis

t p

rod

uce

rs t

o c

om

ply

wit

h m

arke

t re

qu

ire

me

nts

as

req

uir

ed

.2

.2.

Re

leva

nt

mar

ket

req

uir

em

en

ts m

et

by

pro

du

cers

.

On

go

ing

2.3

. A

ssis

t in

pro

du

ct d

eve

lop

me

nt

such

as

valu

e

add

ing

an

d p

roce

ssin

g.

2.3

. A

ssis

tan

ce p

rovi

de

d fo

r p

rod

uct

de

velo

p-

me

nt.

On

go

ing

3.

To d

ive

rsif

y t

he

nu

mb

er

of

aq

ua

tic

spe

cie

s th

at

can

be

cu

ltu

red

in S

am

oa

3.1

. E

stab

lish

a m

ult

i-sp

eci

es

hat

che

ry.

3.1

. H

atch

ery

est

ablis

he

d.

20

13

1.

Est

ab

lish

a m

ult

i-sp

eci

es

ha

tch

ery

.

2.

Est

ab

lish

a m

icro

-alg

al l

ab

ora

tory

.

3.

Ass

ess

po

ten

tia

l fo

r ca

ptu

red

-ba

sed

a

qu

acu

ltu

re.

3.2

. E

stab

lish

a m

icro

-alg

al la

bo

rato

ry.

3.2

. A

lgal

lab

ora

tory

est

ablis

he

d.

20

13

3.3

. In

itia

te s

ee

d p

rod

uct

ion

for

aqu

acu

ltu

re a

nd

co

asta

l fi s

he

rie

s re

sto

ckin

g.

3.3

. S

ee

d p

rod

uct

ion

init

iate

d.

On

go

ing

fro

m 2

01

3

3.4

. A

sse

ss p

ote

nti

al fo

r ca

ptu

re-b

ase

d

aqu

acu

ltu

re.

3.4

. P

ote

nti

al a

sse

sse

d.

Fre

shw

ate

r p

raw

n –

mid

20

13

Oth

er

spe

cie

s –

en

d 2

01

4

4.

To im

pro

ve

qu

ali

ty a

nd

av

ail

ab

ilit

y o

f lo

we

r-co

st f

ee

ds

for

aq

ua

cult

ure

4.1

. E

stab

lish

a p

rop

er

fee

d s

tora

ge

un

it.

4.1

. S

tora

ge

un

it e

stab

lish

ed

.E

nd

20

13

1.

Est

ab

lish

a p

rop

er

fee

d s

tora

ge

un

it.

2.

Pro

du

ctio

n o

f a

qu

a-f

ee

ds

wit

h a

vaila

ble

raw

m

ate

ria

ls (

be

st f

ee

d id

en

tifi

ed

).

3.

Co

nd

uct

on

-fa

rm t

ria

ls o

f fe

ed

fo

rmu

late

d

fro

m r

esu

lts

of

the

fe

ed

ing

red

ien

t in

ven

tory

su

rve

y.

4.2

. E

xpe

rim

en

tal p

rod

uct

ion

of

aqu

a fe

ed

s w

ith

av

aila

ble

raw

mat

eri

als

(be

st fe

ed

ide

nti

fi e

d).

4.2

. Fe

ed

pro

du

ced

(be

st fe

ed

ide

nti

fi e

d).

On

go

ing

fro

m 2

01

3

4.3

. C

on

du

ct o

n-f

arm

tri

als

of f

ee

d fo

rmu

late

d fr

om

re

sult

s o

f th

e fe

ed

ing

red

ien

t in

ven

tory

su

rve

y.4

.3.

On

-far

m t

rial

s co

nd

uct

ed

.B

y 2

01

4

Sam

oa A

quac

ultu

re M

anag

emen

t and

Dev

elop

men

t Pla

n 20

13–2

018

Strategic objectives

5.

To e

nsu

re a

cce

ss b

y f

arm

ers

to

th

e b

est

po

ssib

le g

en

eti

c q

ua

lity

of

see

d s

tock

s

5.1

. M

ain

tain

th

e b

roo

d-s

tock

in c

ult

ure

.5

.1.

Bro

od

-sto

ck m

ain

tain

ed

in c

ult

ure

.O

ng

oin

g fo

r ti

lap

ia a

nd

gia

nt

clam

1.

Ma

inta

in t

he

bro

od

-sto

ck in

cu

ltu

re.

2.

Pre

pa

re a

nd

imp

lem

en

t th

e b

roo

d-s

tock

m

an

ag

em

en

t p

roto

col t

o m

ain

tain

ge

ne

tic

qu

alit

y.

3.

Ma

ke a

vaila

ble

qu

alit

y b

ree

de

rs f

or

aq

ua

cul-

ture

by

sta

keh

old

ers

.

5.2

. P

rep

are

an

d im

ple

me

nt

the

bro

od

-sto

ck

man

age

me

nt

pro

toco

l to

mai

nta

in g

en

eti

c q

ual

ity.

5.2

. B

roo

d-s

tock

pe

rfo

rman

ce m

ain

tain

ed

On

go

ing

for

tila

pia

fro

m 2

01

3

5.3

. M

ake

ava

ilab

le h

igh

qu

alit

y b

ree

de

rs fo

r

aqu

acu

ltu

re b

y st

ake

ho

lde

rs.

5.3

. H

igh

qu

alit

y b

ree

de

rs a

vaila

ble

as

req

uir

ed

.

Tila

pia

– O

ng

oin

g f

rom

no

w

Gia

nt

clam

– O

ng

oin

g f

rom

hat

che

ry e

stab

lish

ed

6.

To p

rom

ote

pri

va

te s

ect

or

de

ve

lop

me

nt

6.1

. E

stab

lish

pilo

t fa

rms.

6.1

. P

ilot

farm

s e

stab

lish

ed

Mid

20

13

1.

Est

ab

lish

pilo

t fa

rms.

2.

Pro

mo

te h

an

ds-

on

tra

inin

g o

pp

ort

un

itie

s fo

r to

p p

rio

rity

co

mm

od

itie

s.

3.

Re

vie

w p

ote

nti

al i

nce

nti

ves

to e

nco

ura

ge

in

vest

me

nt

in a

qu

acu

ltu

re.

6.2

. P

rom

ote

han

ds-

on

tra

inin

g o

pp

ort

un

itie

s fo

r

top

pri

ori

ty c

om

mo

dit

ies.

6.2

. H

and

s-o

n t

rain

ing

pro

mo

ted

.M

id 2

01

3

6.3

. R

evi

ew

po

ten

tial

ince

nti

ves

to e

nco

ura

ge

inve

stm

en

t in

aq

uac

ult

ure

.

6.3

. In

cen

tive

str

ate

gie

s id

en

tifi

ed

as

re-

qu

ire

d.

On

go

ing

7.

To im

pro

ve

hu

ma

n r

eso

urc

e c

ap

aci

tie

s to

ma

na

ge

an

d d

ev

elo

p a

qu

acu

ltu

re

7.1

. C

on

du

ct t

rain

ing

ne

ed

s an

alys

is fo

r aq

uac

ul-

ture

sta

ff .

7.1

. Tr

ain

ing

ne

ed

s id

en

tifi

ed

.2

01

31

. C

on

du

ct t

rain

ing

ne

ed

s a

na

lysi

s fo

r a

qu

acu

l-tu

re s

taff

.

2.

Co

nd

uct

tra

inin

g f

or

aq

ua

cult

ure

sta

ff b

ase

d

on

th

e n

ee

ds

an

aly

sis.

3.

Su

bm

it p

rop

osa

l fo

r P

rin

cip

al F

ish

eri

es

Offi

ce

r re

cru

itm

en

t.

4.

Faci

lita

te t

rain

ing

op

po

rtu

nit

ies

for

pri

va

te

sect

or,

ba

sed

on

de

ma

nd

.

7.2

. C

on

du

ct t

rain

ing

for

aqu

acu

ltu

re s

taff

bas

ed

on

th

e n

ee

ds

anal

ysis

.

7.2

. Tr

ain

ing

co

nd

uct

ed

.O

ng

oin

g

7.3

. S

ub

mit

pro

po

sal f

or

Pri

nci

pal

Fis

he

rie

s O

ffi c

er

Aq

uac

ult

ure

re

cru

itm

en

t.

7.3

. P

rin

cip

al F

ish

eri

es

Offi

ce

r A

qu

acu

ltu

re

recr

uit

ed

.

On

go

ing

7.4

. Fa

cilit

ate

tra

inin

g o

pp

ort

un

itie

s fo

r p

riva

te

sect

or,

bas

ed

on

de

man

d.

7.4

. Tr

ain

ing

for

pri

vate

se

cto

r p

rom

ote

d a

nd

con

du

cte

d.

On

go

ing

8.

To im

pro

ve

aq

ua

cult

ure

ne

two

rkin

g

8.1

. Fa

cilit

ate

nat

ion

al le

vel n

etw

ork

s su

ch a

s S

a-

mo

a A

qu

acu

ltu

re F

arm

ers

Ass

oci

atio

n (S

AFA

).

8.1

F

arm

ers

str

en

gth

en

ed

th

rou

gh

exc

han

ge

and

co

llab

ora

tio

n.

On

go

ing

1.

Faci

lita

te n

ati

on

al-

lev

el n

etw

ork

s su

ch a

s S

am

oa

Aq

ua

cult

ure

Fa

rme

rs A

sso

cia

tio

n (

SA

FA).

2.

Ma

inta

in r

eg

ion

al a

nd

inte

rna

tio

na

l ne

two

rks

to p

rov

ide

re

sea

rch

, tra

inin

g a

nd

te

chn

ica

l a

dv

ice

, fo

r e

xam

ple

wit

h S

PC

, US

P, S

PR

EP,

FA

O

an

d A

CIA

R.

8.2

. M

ain

tain

re

gio

nal

an

d in

tern

atio

nal

ne

two

rks

to p

rovi

de

re

sear

ch, t

rain

ing

an

d t

ech

nic

al a

dvi

ce,

wit

h, e

.g. t

he

Se

cre

tari

at o

f th

e P

acifi

c C

om

mu

nit

y

(SP

C),

th

e U

niv

ers

ity

of

the

So

uth

Pac

ifi c

(U

SP

), t

he

Se

cre

tari

at o

f th

e P

acifi

c R

eg

ion

al E

nvi

ron

me

nt

Pro

gra

mm

e (

SP

RE

P),

th

e U

nit

ed

Nat

ion

s Fo

od

an

d

Ag

ricu

ltu

re O

rgan

izat

ion

(FA

O)

and

th

e A

ust

ralia

n

Ce

ntr

e f

or

Inte

rnat

ion

al A

gri

cult

ura

l Re

sear

ch

(AC

IAR

), a

mo

ng

oth

ers

.

8.2

. Tr

ain

ing

op

po

rtu

nit

ies

and

te

chn

ical

advi

ce a

vaila

ble

to

th

e M

inis

try

of

Ag

ricu

ltu

re

and

Fis

he

rie

s b

y va

rio

us

stak

eh

old

ers

.

On

go

ing

64

.2.

In S

am

oa

n (

Fua

fua

ga

o G

alu

eg

a F

a’a

tin

o)

Fua

fua

ga

Alu

alu

Ma

ma

oFa

’am

ao

nig

aG

alu

eg

a F

a’a

tin

oM

ata

’itu

ina

o G

alu

eg

a

Fa’a

tin

o

Taim

i Fa

atu

lag

ain

a m

o

Ga

lue

ga

Fa’

ati

no

Po

lok

eti

1.

la u

na

ia le

pu

lea

ta

tau

ina

o le

fa

afa

ato

ag

ain

a o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

E t

atau

on

a m

anin

o le

lei a

iaig

a o

le f

a’af

a’at

oag

ain

a o

i’a m

a fi

go

ta i

toto

nu

o le

Tu

lafo

no

Au

tu m

a Tu

lafo

no

Faat

on

uto

nu

a le

Vae

ga

o F

aig

afai

va. I

a fa

’ati

no

lele

i gal

-

ue

ga

o f

a’at

oag

a i’a

ma

fi g

ota

i al

a ta

tau

ma

le p

uip

uig

a

o le

si’o

si’o

mag

a e

am

ata

mai

i le

Vae

ga

o F

aig

afai

va

ma

fa’a

lau

iloa

i an

a p

aag

a fa

i fa’

ato

aga.

Ia m

anin

o fo

i le

ta’ia

la m

o le

pu

ipu

iga

lele

i o le

si’o

si’o

mag

a m

ai f

a’at

oag

a

i’a m

a fi

go

ta i

toto

nu

o t

usi

ta’

iala

mo

le a

tia’

e o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

ina

ia u

sita

ia e

fai

fa’a

toag

a u

ma.

1.1

. Fa

usi

a ta

’iala

mo

le f

a’at

ino

ina

o f

a’at

oag

a i’a

m

a fi

go

ta f

a’ap

isin

isi.

Aia

iga

mo

fa’

ato

aga

fa’a

pis

inis

i.O

gat

oto

nu

o le

20

13

1.

Tap

en

a ai

aig

a m

o le

tai

ala

o

fa’a

toag

a fa

’ap

isin

isi.

2.

Tap

en

a ai

aig

a m

o le

tai

ala

o f

ale

fa

’afo

foa

o i’

a m

a fi

go

ta

3.

Tap

en

ape

na

mo

su

esu

eg

a o

a’

afi a

ga

o i’

a m

a fi

go

ta e

on

o f

a’au

lu

mai

i to

ton

u o

Sam

oa

mo

fa’

ato

aga.

4.

Fau

sia

ta’ia

la m

o i’

a m

a fi

go

ta u

a fi

lifi l

ia m

o le

ati

na’

ein

a.

1.2

. Fa

usi

a ta

’iala

mo

le f

a’at

ino

ina

o f

ale

fa

’afo

foa

i’a m

a fi

go

ta.

Aia

iga

mo

fal

e f

a’af

ofo

a i’a

ma

fi g

ota

.2

01

3

1.3

. Fa

’ati

no

su

esu

eg

a m

o a

’afi

aga

o le

si

’osi

’om

aga

i i’a

ma

fi g

ota

e f

a’au

lufa

le m

ai i

toto

nu

o S

amo

a m

o le

fa’

afaa

toag

ain

a.

Mau

tu s

ue

sue

ga

o a

’afi

aga

o

le s

i’osi

’om

aga

i i’a

ma

fi g

ota

e

fa’a

ulu

mai

i to

ton

u o

Sam

oa.

Fa’a

auau

1.4

. Fa

usi

a le

tu

si t

a’ia

la m

o le

ati

na’

e o

me

aola

m

o le

fa’

afa’

ato

agai

na.

Tusi

ta’

iala

mo

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

fi

lifi l

ia.

20

15

1.5

. Fa

’ati

no

ina

le il

oilo

ina

o le

Tu

si T

aial

a m

o

le P

ule

ain

a ta

tau

ma

le A

tin

a’e

ina

o F

a’a-

fa’a

toag

ain

a o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

.

Iloilo

ga

o le

Tu

si T

aial

a.R

ipo

ti o

le il

oilo

ga-

pe

a m

aea

le 2

ta

usa

ga.

To

e il

oilo

ina

len

ei F

uaf

uag

a fa

’ata

’ati

a p

e a

mae

a le

5 t

ausa

ga.

2.

la f

a’a

lele

ia f

efa

’ata

ua

iga

o i’

a m

a fi

go

ta f

a’a

faa

toa

ga

ina

i S

am

oa

ma

atu

nu

u i

fafo

E m

oo

mia

le s

ue

sue

ina

o m

ake

ti i

Sam

oa

ma

atu

nu

u i

fafo

ina

ia m

alam

alam

a i t

aim

i o f

em

alag

aig

a o

vaa

lele

ma

va’a

i le

sam

i, ta

u o

uta

ma

avan

oa

o u

ta fe

ave

a’i i

vaa

l-

ele

ma

vaa,

man

aog

a o

loo

iai m

o o

loa

fa’a

fa’a

toag

a m

a

aiai

ga

o m

ake

ti i

atu

nu

u i

fafo

. A f

a’am

autu

mai

se

mak

eti

mai

faf

o m

o i’

a, e

tat

au fo

’i o

na

iloilo

fa’

ato

aga

i Sam

oa

po

’o la

va le

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

mau

a au

a lo

na

fa’a

tau

ina

atu

.

2.1

. Fa

’ati

no

su

esu

eg

a m

o m

ake

ti i

Sam

oa

ma

atu

nu

’u i

fafo

.Ta

’iala

mo

mak

eti

i S

amo

a m

a fa

fo m

o le

au

fai

fa’a

toag

a.T

ilap

ia –

fa’

aiu

ga

20

13

Lim

u f

uaf

ua

– f

a’ai

ug

a 2

01

41

. S

ue

sue

aia

iga

o m

ake

ti m

o le

fe

fa’a

tau

aig

a o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

.

2.

Fa’a

mal

osi

a le

gal

ulu

e a

fai

faat

o-

aga

ia a

usi

a ai

aig

a a

mak

eti

.

3.

Au

iliili

le t

alaf

eau

ga

o o

loa

gao

sia

mai

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

mo

fe

fa’a

tau

aig

a.

2.2

. Fe

soas

oan

i i le

au

fai

fa’a

toag

a i l

e a

usi

ain

a o

ai

aig

a o

mak

eti

i fa

fo.

Ta’ia

la ia

maf

ai o

na

ausi

a e

le a

u

faif

aato

aga.

Fa’a

auau

2.3

. Fe

soas

oan

i i le

ati

na’

ein

a o

olo

a g

aosi

a m

ai

i’a m

a fi

go

ta.

Feso

aso

ani m

o le

ati

na’

e o

olo

a fa

osi

a m

ai i’

a m

a fi

go

ta.

Fa’a

auau

3.

la f

aa

tele

ina

le a

ofa

iga

ma

itu

aig

a o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

mo

le f

a’a

-fa’

ato

ag

ain

a

Talu

ai o

na

ole

leai

o s

e f

ale

e f

a’af

ofo

a ai

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

o le

sam

i i S

amo

a, u

a al

agat

atau

ai o

na

fau

sia

se f

ale

mo

len

ei

fa’a

mo

em

oe.

Ua

tata

u fo

’i o

na

toe

fa’

ale

leia

no

foag

a o

lo’o

fa’

afo

foa

ai m

eao

la v

ai o

lo’o

iai n

ei.

Ua

man

a’o

mia

fo’i

le f

ausi

a o

se

fal

e m

o le

fa’

aola

ina

ma

tau

sia

ai le

lim

u

aua

me

aai a

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

o le

a f

a’af

ofo

ain

a. Ia

fa’

atin

oin

a

saili

ilig

a m

o m

eao

la e

tal

afe

agai

e t

apu

’e m

ai i

o la

tou

si’o

si’o

mag

a m

o le

fa’

afa’

ato

agai

na.

3.1

. Fa

usi

ain

a o

le f

ale

fa’

afo

foa

mo

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

m

ai le

sam

i ma

vaim

agal

o.

Fa’a

tuin

a le

fal

e f

a’af

ofo

a i’a

ma

fi g

ota

.2

01

31

. Fa

usi

a fa

le f

a’af

ofo

a m

o i’

a m

a fi

go

ta m

a le

fal

e f

a’af

ofo

a m

o le

lim

u.

2.

Fa’a

tin

o g

alu

eg

a fa

’afo

foa

o i’

a m

a fi

go

ta.

3.

Su

esu

eg

a m

o i’

a m

a fi

go

ta t

alaf

ea-

gai

ia f

a’at

ino

ina.

3.2

. Fa

usi

ain

a o

le f

ale

e f

a’ao

la m

a ta

usi

a ai

lim

u

mo

le f

afag

ain

a o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

fa’

afo

foa.

Fa’a

tuin

a le

fal

e e

fa’

afo

foa

ma

tau

sia

ai li

mu

.2

01

3

3.3

. Fa

’ati

no

ina

le f

a’af

ofo

ain

a o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

mo

le

to

e f

a’at

ele

ina

o n

ei m

eao

la i

gat

aifa

le.

Fa’a

tin

o g

alu

eg

a fa

’afo

foa

o i’

a m

a fi

go

ta.

Fa’a

auau

mai

le 2

01

3

3.4

. Fa

’ati

no

su

esu

eg

a i l

e t

alaf

eag

ai o

le

fa’a

fa’a

toag

ain

a o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

mai

i’a

tap

u’e

.S

ue

sue

ga

mo

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

ta

lafe

agai

ia f

a’at

ino

ina.

Ula

vai –

20

13

Isi m

eao

la –

fa’

aiu

ga

20

14

4.

la f

aa

lele

ia le

ga

osi

ain

a o

me

aa

i mo

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

fa

’a-f

a’a

toa

ga

ina

O le

tas

i o v

aeg

a ta

ua

tele

mo

le f

a’af

a’at

oag

ain

a o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

, o m

eaa

i au

a le

faf

agai

na

i fa’

ato

aga.

O f

a’at

oag

a

ne

i e a

ofi

a ai

tila

pia

, ula

vai m

a is

i. O

me

aai l

ele

i mo

me

aola

o s

e t

asi o

vae

ga

o lo

o m

o’o

mia

te

le le

fa’

ale

leia

e le

Vae

ga

o F

aig

afai

va. O

lea

e m

o’o

mia

ai l

e le

lei m

a

mau

tu o

se

fal

e, m

asin

i ma

me

afai

gal

ue

ga

mo

le g

aosi

a

ma

le t

eu

ina

mal

u o

me

aai.

4.1

. Fa

usi

ain

a o

le f

ale

e t

eu

ina

ai m

eaa

i mo

i’a.

Fau

sia

le f

ale

mo

le t

eu

mal

uin

a o

me

aai a

i’a.

Fa’a

iug

a o

le 2

01

31

. Fa

usi

a se

no

foag

a e

te

u m

alu

ai

me

aai a

i’a.

2.

Su

esu

eg

a o

le o

la o

i’a

mai

me

aai

gao

si i

toto

nu

o S

amo

a.

3.

Fa’a

tin

o f

a’at

a’it

a’ig

a o

me

aai g

ao-

sia

mo

fa’

ato

aga.

4.2

. Fa

’ata

’ita’

i le

gao

sia

o m

eaa

i a i’

a m

ai i

me

a o

lo

’o m

aua

io t

ato

u la

ufa

nu

a.G

aosi

a m

eaa

i a i’

a.Fa

’aau

au i

le 2

01

3

4.3

. Fa

’ati

no

se

fa’

ata’

ita’

iga

e s

ue

sue

ai l

e o

la o

i’a

mai

i m

eaa

i o lo

’o g

aosi

a i m

ea

o lo

’o m

aua

io

tato

u la

ufa

nu

a.

Fa’a

tin

o F

a’at

a’it

a’ig

a m

o

fa’a

toag

a.

I le

20

14

Sam

oa A

quac

ultu

re M

anag

emen

t and

Dev

elop

men

t Pla

n 20

13–2

018

5.

la f

a’a

tum

au

ina

le t

ula

ga

lele

i o le

i’a

mo

fa

ifa

’ato

ag

a

O le

lele

i o le

itu

aig

a i’a

(ge

ne

tic)

o s

e t

asi o

vae

ga

tau

a e

ao o

na

fa’a

tum

auin

a. O

le V

aeg

a o

Fai

gaf

aiva

o lo

’o ia

i le

tila

pia

lele

i (b

est

ge

ne

tic)

o lo

’o t

eu

ina

ai m

a fa

’aso

loso

lo

le f

a’af

ofo

ain

a au

a le

i’a

lele

i lo

na

itu

aig

a m

o f

aifa

’ato

aga.

5.1

. La

fa’

atu

mau

ina

le le

lei o

me

aola

e

fa’a

aog

ain

a i f

a’af

ofo

aga.

Ia m

alu

pu

ipu

ia m

eao

la e

fa

aao

gai

na

i faa

fofo

aga.

Fa’a

auau

mo

tila

pia

ma

fais

ua

1.

Mal

u p

uip

uia

me

aola

e f

aaao

gai

na

i f

a’af

ofo

aga.

2.

La f

a’at

ino

ina

ta’ia

la m

anin

o m

o le

va

aia

lele

i o n

ei m

eao

la.

3.

La f

a’at

um

auin

a le

mau

a o

me

aola

le

lei m

a ta

lafe

agai

mo

fa’

afo

foag

a p

e a

m

ana’

om

ia e

fai

fa’a

toag

a.

5.2

. La

fa’

atin

oin

a ta

’iala

man

ino

ma

lele

i mo

le

vaai

a o

ne

i me

aola

.Fa

’atu

mau

ina

lele

i tal

afe

agai

o

ne

i me

aola

mo

gal

ue

ga

fa

’afo

foa.

Fa’a

auau

mo

tila

pia

mai

le 2

01

3

5.3

. L

a fa

’atu

mau

ina

le m

aua

o m

ea

ola

lele

i mo

fa

’afo

foa

ga

pe

a m

ana

om

ia e

fai

fa’a

toa

ga

.M

auti

no

a le

iai o

me

aola

lele

i m

o f

a’af

ofo

aga

pe

a m

ana’

om

ia.

Fa’a

auau

mo

tila

pia

– F

a’aa

uau

mo

fa

isu

a p

e a

mae

a fa

usi

a le

fale

faaf

ofo

a

6.

la f

a’a

ma

losi

a le

au

faif

a’a

toa

ga

ma

pis

isi t

um

ao

ti e

fa’

a-f

a’a

toa

ga

ina

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

Ia a

tia’

e n

i fa’

ato

aga

fa’a

luai

loa

e f

a’ai

lo a

i e m

afai

on

a

fa’a

tin

o le

fa’

afa’

ato

agai

na

o i’

a m

a fi

go

ta i

Sam

oa.

.

O le

tas

i le

ne

i o v

aeg

a e

tat

au o

na

aga’

i iai

le V

aeg

a o

Faig

afai

va in

a ia

fa’

atu

ina

itu

aig

a o

fa’

ato

aga

fa’a

pe

ne

i,

e f

a’at

ino

ai a

’oao

ga

a le

au

faif

a’at

oag

a, a

og

a m

a is

i e fi

a

mal

amal

ama

i le

fa’

atin

og

a o

len

ei a

tin

a’e.

6.1

. Fa

usi

a fa

’ato

aga

fa’a

lau

iloa

mo

le t

ilap

ia.

Fa’a

tuin

a fa

’ato

aga

fa’a

lau

iloa.

Og

ato

ton

u 2

01

31

. Fa

usi

a fa

’ato

aga

fa’a

lau

iloa.

2.

Fa’a

lau

iloa

avan

oa

mo

a’o

aog

a au

a

le f

a’at

ino

ga

o g

alu

eg

a m

o m

eao

la u

a

ave

iai l

e f

a’am

uam

ua

3.

Iloilo

fa’

aman

uia

ga

tala

feag

ai a

ua

le

un

aia

o le

fa’

apis

inis

iina

o n

ei a

tin

a’e

6.2

. Fa

’ati

no

a’o

aog

a i f

a’at

oag

a fa

’ala

uilo

a e

fa

’aso

ain

a ai

le t

om

ai il

e f

a’af

a’at

oag

ain

a o

tila

pia

.Fa

’aso

a le

to

mai

ile

au

faif

’aat

oag

a.O

gat

oto

nu

20

13

6.3

. Ilo

ilo v

aeg

a ta

lafe

agai

mo

le a

tin

a’e

ina

o le

fa

’afa

ato

agai

na

o i’

a m

a fi

go

ta.

Fa’a

iloa

aual

a o

fa’

aman

uia

ga

o

man

aom

ia.

Fa’a

auau

7.

la f

a’a

lele

ia le

au

au

na

ga

a le

Va

eg

a o

Fa

iga

faiv

a i

le u

na

ia o

ga

lue

ga

ati

a’e

mo

le f

a’a

-fa’

ato

ag

ain

a o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

Ia il

oilo

ina

le f

a’at

ula

gan

a m

o le

au

fai

gal

eu

ga

ina

ia m

a-

fai o

na

fa’a

faig

alu

eg

a se

Ofi

sa T

a’it

a’i S

inia

mo

le V

aeg

a

e f

a’aF

a’at

oag

ain

a i’a

ma

fi g

ota

. O le

to

mai

fa’

apit

oa

i le

fa’a

tin

og

a o

gal

ue

ga

e p

atin

o il

e f

a’af

a’at

oag

ain

a o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

i to

ton

u o

Sam

oa

aem

aise

le O

fi sa

o F

aig

ava

e m

atu

a u

tiu

ti la

va. O

lo’o

man

a’o

mia

se

ua

iai l

e t

om

ai

e s

ailii

lia a

i itu

aig

a o

a’o

aog

a fa

’ap

ito

a e

tal

afe

agai

mo

ne

i to

mai

ma

agav

a’a

ese

ese

, ia

fa’a

mu

amu

a i n

ei

a’o

aog

a au

a lo

na

fa’a

lau

tele

ina.

O a

’oao

ga

fa’a

vait

aim

i

ma

a’o

aog

a m

o t

aim

i um

i ua

tata

u o

na

un

aia.

O le

fa’a

tup

ein

a o

ne

i itu

aig

a o

a’o

aog

a e

tat

au o

na

mai

oio

pe

mai

i le

mal

o p

o’o

se

feso

aso

ani m

ai f

afo

.

7.1

. Fa

’ati

no

a’o

aog

a m

o le

fa’

ale

leia

o le

au

faig

a-lu

eg

a al

e V

aeg

a e

Fa’

afa’

ato

agai

na

i’a m

a fi

go

ta.

Fa’a

iloa

itu

aig

a a’

oao

ga

o lo

o

man

a’o

mia

.2

01

31

. Fa

’ati

no

a’o

aog

a m

ana’

om

ia m

o le

au

faig

alu

eg

a.

2.

Fa’a

tin

o a

’oao

ga

man

a’o

mia

mo

le

aufa

igal

ue

ga

e f

ua

i man

a’o

ga.

3.

Fa’a

ulu

le t

alo

sag

a m

o le

fa

’afa

igal

ue

ga

o le

Ofi

sa T

a’it

a’i S

inia

.

4.

Feso

aso

ani i

a’o

aog

a m

o p

isin

isi

tum

aoti

pe

a m

ana’

om

ia.

7.2

. Fa

’ati

no

a’o

aog

a e

fu

a i l

e m

anao

ga

ua

fa’a

iloa

mai

i le

vae

ga

o lo

o i

lug

a.Fa

’ati

no

a’o

aog

aFa

’au

auin

a

7.3

. A

ve s

e t

alo

sag

a m

o le

fa’

afai

gal

ue

gai

na

o s

e

Ofi

sa T

a’it

a’i S

inia

o le

vae

ga

e f

a’af

a’at

oag

ain

a i’a

m

a fi

go

ta.

Fa’a

faig

alu

eg

a le

Ofi

sa T

a’

ita’

i S

inia

o le

vae

ga

ole

fa

’afa

’ato

agai

na

o i’

a m

a fi

go

ta.

Fa’a

uau

ina

7.4

. Fa

i a’o

aog

a m

o f

a’al

apo

top

oto

ga

tum

aoti

.Fa

’ala

uilo

a m

a fa

’ati

no

ao

aog

a m

o f

a’al

apo

top

oto

ga

tum

aoti

.Fa

’au

auin

a

8.

la f

a’a

lele

ia f

eso

’ota

iga

mo

le f

a’a

fa’a

toa

ga

ina

o i’

a m

a fi

go

ta

Ia f

a’al

auilo

a m

a fa

’atu

mau

ina

ala

o fe

so’o

taig

a

fa’a

loto

ifal

e, f

a’ai

tula

gi a

em

aise

le f

a’av

a-o

-mal

o, i

ala

o s

ailii

liga,

a’o

aog

a m

a fa

utu

aga

fa’a

pit

oa

mo

le

fa’a

toag

ain

a o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

.

8.1

. Fa

’afa

igo

fi e

fe

so’o

taig

a m

a p

aag

a e

ao

fi a

ai le

So

saie

te a

le A

ufa

ifa’

ato

aga

mo

le

fa’a

fa’a

toag

ain

a o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

(S

AFA

).

Ia f

a’am

alo

sia

le a

ufa

ifa’

ato

aga

e a

la i

le f

efa

’aso

aa’i

ma

gal

ulu

e

fa’a

tasi

.

Fa’a

uau

ina

1.

Fa’a

faig

ofi

e fe

so’o

taig

a fa

’alo

toif

ale

(F

T) f

a’at

oag

ain

a o

i’a

ma

fi g

ota

(SA

FA).

2.

Fa’a

tum

auin

a fe

so’o

taig

a fa

’ait

ula

gi

fa’a

va-o

-mal

o a

ua

saili

ilig

a, a

’oao

ga

ma

fau

tuag

a fa

’ap

ito

a m

ai i

le S

PC

, U

SP,

SP

RE

P, F

AO

an

d A

CIA

R.

8.2

. Fa

’atu

mau

ina

le fe

so’o

taig

a fa

’alo

toif

ale

ma

le

Fa’

a-va

–o

-mal

o i

tula

ga

o s

ailii

liga,

a’o

aog

a m

a

fau

tuag

a fa

’ap

ito

a e

tau

ala

ma

i le

Se

cre

tari

at

of

the

Pac

ifi c

Co

mm

un

ity

(SP

C),

Un

ive

rsit

y o

f th

e S

ou

th P

acifi

c (U

SP

), S

ecr

eta

riat

of

the

Pac

ifi c

R

eg

ion

al E

nvr

ion

me

nt

Pro

gra

mm

e (S

PR

EP

),

Foo

d a

nd

Ag

ricu

ltu

re O

rgan

izat

ion

(FA

O),

ma

le

Au

stra

lian

Ce

ntr

e fo

r In

tern

atio

nal

Ag

ricu

ltu

ral

Re

sear

ch (A

CIA

R).

Ia a

van

oa

le m

atag

alu

eg

a m

o n

i a’o

aog

a m

a fa

utu

aga

fa’a

pit

oa

mo

an

a p

aag

a.

Fa’a

uau

ina


5. Species prioritisation

5.1. Priority commodities for aquaculture in Samoa

Many species have already been the subject of experimental aquaculture trials or pilot projects in Samoa, and

more species are being added to the list. With limited staff resources and a limited operating budget, one ben-

efi t of this Aquaculture Management and Development Plan is to set priorities and focus development eff orts

on top priorities. To condense the long list of potential aquaculture commodities down to a short list of man-

ageable size, and to rank these, the feasibility of each potential commodity was assessed, including availability

of seeds, feeds, technical knowledge, required infrastructure, marketability, local versus exotic species, and use

in restocking/stock enhancement programmes. The potential economic, social, and environmental benefi ts of

each commodity were also assessed.

The Priority Matrix is presented in the table below:

BE

NE

FIT

S

HIG

H

Exo c seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii)

Marine ornamental fi sh + PCC

Mud crab

Local fresh water prawn

Giant Clams

Sea grapes (Caulerpa racemosa)

Tilapia

Mullet

Trochus

Malaysian fresh water prawn

ME

DIU

M

Lobster

Barramundi

Green snail

Milkfi sh

Seaweeds (local spp.)

Reef fi sh (grouper, red snapper...)

Sea urchins (local spp.)

Rabbi ish

Sea cucumber

LOW Fresh water eel

LOW MEDIUM HIGH

FEASIBILITY

The top six commodities that emerged from the national consultation were: giant clam, sea grapes (Caulerpa

racemosa), tilapia, mullet, trochus and Malaysian freshwater prawn, followed by local sea cucumber and lo-

cal freshwater prawns. Taking into account the limited human and fi nancial resources in Samoa to work on

all top priorities at once, the highest ranked commodities were further regrouped in order to identify the top

four commodities to be focused on during the next fi ve years, namely: 1) giant clam; 2) mullet; 3) tilapia and

4) Caulerpa.

9

5.2. High priority commodities

1. Giant clam (Hippopus spp. and Tridacna spp.)

These are fl agged as species that should continue being a priority for the Fisheries Division, both for aquacul-

ture and restocking activities. At present, spawning and larvae rearing techniques are known, and grow-out

husbandry practices have been developed. Restocking and stock enhancement programmes through com-

munity involvement have been relatively successful in several locations. Giant clams are a high value species,

prized on the marine aquarium market and considered a delicacy in Samoa. A new hatchery facility will be

established soon near Apia, in order to ensure a reliable supply of spat for culture and restocking. The establish-

ment of this clam hatchery will support the re-introduction of clams to villages with reserves established under

the Fisheries Division extension programme.

FEASIBILITY = 8 / BENEFITS = 9

Advantages Disadvantages

î high value;

î positive impact in rural communities;

î farming technology is available;

î high local and export demand;

î relevant for restocking and stock enhancement programmes;

î cultural and social importance; and

î indigenous species.

î lack of facilities; and

î lack of expertise in artifi cial breeding and spawning.


2. Flat grey mullet (Mugil cephalus)

Mullet is considered a high value species in the Samoan local market, although it is seen as low value marine

fi nfi sh in the rest of the world. It has good potential as a euryhaline fi nfi sh species, and wild seed-stock can eas-

ily be found in certain locations. Fingerlings could also be produced by artifi cial breeding in the planned marine

hatchery. Breeding protocols are undemanding. Larvae rearing techniques and grow-out strategies have been

developed in other regions of the world, such as Southeast Asia and North Africa, with great success. These

technologies could easily be transferred to Samoa.



î high value in Samoa;

î indigenous species;

î low in food chain;

î broodstock are locally available; and

î grow-out strategies are well known.

î lack of technical knowledge for breeding in Samoa;

î lack of hatchery facilities; and

î no export market.

11

3. Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is viewed as the key freshwater species for developing a family or commu-

nity-based aquaculture industry in Samoa. It plays a relevant role in ensuring food and nutritional security in

rural and isolated communities, generates income from market sales, and is aff ordable and available locally

throughout the year. It needs no complicated techniques or skills and feeds low in the food chain. Several farm-

er networks already in place can ensure the long-term sustainability of the activity. Furthermore, the Fisheries

Division is currently maintaining and producing two lines of high quality GIFT and chitrilada tilapia fi ngerlings,

which are being distributed to farmers. To conclude, Nile tilapia has excellent potential, since propagation and

distribution are being carried out under several Samoan Fisheries Projects.



î easy to culture;

î easy to breed;

î moderate local demand;

î broodstock, facilities and capacities are available in Samoa; and

î strong, positive impact in rural communities.

î lack of feeds;

î lack of inbreeding control strategies at farm level;

î lack of marketability (demand/supply) knowledge; and

î lack of business plans at farm level.


4. Sea grapes (Caulerpa racemosa); local name: limu fuafua

Caulerpa racemosa is a bright green alga that forms carpets in coral reef lagoons. C. racemosa is the species com-

monly harvested and sold fresh in Samoa. Its distinctive feature is its ‘bunch of grapes’ appearance. There is a

strong local market for fresh seaweed. Attempts to transport fresh C. racemosa have been unsuccessful due to rap-

id reduction in turgor once picked and hence lack of quality in transported product, although it can be exported

as a lower-value salted product. While there are plenty of sites ostensibly suitable for growth of C. racemosa, most

sea grapes species exhibit substantial temporal and spatial variability in growth rates. This inherent variability in

growth limits the use of this species in aquaculture and further research is needed. The best option with C. rac-

emosa seems to be to promote additional transplantation to support the local demand for edible seaweed. In the

past two years, several trials focused on sea grape culture have been implemented in various locations of Samoa,

with varying degrees of success. The aim of the Fisheries Division is to continue with these trials, improving and

adapting existing techniques in order to overcome most of the challenges presented by the species.



î local market;

î high value;

î easy to culture;

î no need for a hatchery;


î expertise is available in the country (trials ongoing);

î environmentally friendly;

î indigenous species;

î culturally important locally, and to Pacifi c Islanders in Australia and New Zealand;

î high potential for restocking; and

î staff already trained in farming techniques.

î highly vulnerable to predators (fi sh grazing); and

î extremely perishable with short shelf-life (unless salted).

13

5. Trochus (Trochus niloticus)

Breeding and larvae rearing techniques are well developed technically and are not technically demanding; tro-

chus larvae are lecithotrophic and do not need to be fed during the short larval phase. Hatchery procedures are

relatively simple and the future giant clam hatchery could also be used to rear trochus. Although the value of

the trochus fi sheries is not large, compared with the industrial fi sheries of the region, the impact of this species,

through either culture or restocking programmes, on rural communities, is quite substantial. Because it is one

of the few resources from which cash income in rural locations may be derived, it is worthy of special attention

by the Fisheries Division.



î high value for both shell and meat;

î very relevant for restocking programmes;

î local expertise/knowledge is available (project ongo-ing);

î low mortality during translocation; and

î easy to breed.

î motile shellfi sh;

î slow-growing; and

î cannot be grown intensively in enclosed spaces.


6. Fresh water prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)

There is strong local demand, and potential for import substitution, which can be met by farming prawns lo-

cally. The most effi cient freshwater prawn species for aquaculture is the giant river prawn Macrobrachium rosen-

bergii, which is not a local prawn, so would need to be introduced. This species was previously introduced to Sa-

moa from Tahiti during the late 1970s and early 1980s, but is not now present in Samoa. Local markets include

restaurants, hotels and supermarkets.



î local and export market;

î high value;


î hatchery and grow-out technology is available within the region; and

î very similar product to indigenous freshwater prawn ula vai.

î lack of expertise;

î lack of specifi c facilities;

î lack of aqua-feeds; and

î limited social and cultural relevance.

15

5.3. Low priority commodities

1. Local fresh water prawn (Machrobrachium lar); local name: ula vai



î local markets available;

î high value;

î traditional knowledge on spawning and fi shing grounds;

î small-scale capture-based culture is possible in some loca-tions; and

î low in food chain.

î lack of technical knowledge (cannot be reared in hatchery);

î needs special ponds with plastic-sheet fences (they climb out); and

î size of industry limited by availability of captured juveniles.

2. Sea cucumber (Local species): black teatfi sh (Holothuria whitmaei), white teatfi sh (Holothuria fuscogilva), curry

fi sh (Stichopus hermanni), pink fi sh (Holothuria edulis) and lollyfi sh (Holothuria atra)



î broodstock is locally available;

î quite signifi cant local market;

î positive impact in local communities;

î high export value (only some species); and

î breeding and grow-out technologies are know within the region.


î lack of experienced staff .

3. Green snail (Turbo marmoratus)



î easy to culture;

î overseas markets available for shell;

î technical knowledge available in the region (Tonga, SPC); and

î positive impact in local communities.

î exotic species (no broodstock available);

î limited technical knowledge locally;

î no hatchery; and

î low value.

4. Spiny lobster (Panulirus spp.)



î local market available;

î high value;

î wild stock are in danger;

î demand is higher than supply; and

î export market exists.

î lack of technical knowledge;

î low impact in rural communities;

î no aqua-feeds available; and

î no hatchery.


5. Reef fi sh: groupers (Family Serranidae, Sub-family Epinephelinae, e.g. Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, Cromileptes

altivelis), red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus), etc



î high value for export (Asian market);

î can create income and employment;

î popular in local market; and

î local species.

î limited staff capacity;

î limited facilities and resources; and

î lack of feeds.

6. Sea urchin (Class Echinoidea)



î consumed locally;

î indigenous species; and

î local knowledge is available.

î low value;


î lack of staff experience.

7. Local seaweeds (Corynocystis spp., Halymenia spp.)



î indigenous species. î lack of awareness; and

î lack of technical knowledge.

8. Rabbitfi sh (Siganus spp.)



î well-known fi sh that is locally consumed. î moderate value only;

î hard to breed;

î lack of expert knowledge; and

î can be fed with vegetables, but good feed conversion ratio (FCR) is found when fed on formulated pellet feeds.

9. Mud crab (Scylla serrata)



î high value;

î high market demand;

î broodstock is locally available; and

î can be fed on tuna waste.

î hard to breed and rear; and

î no artifi cial feed is available.

17

10. Sea cucumber (Holothuria scabra)



î export market;

î high value;

î knowledge available within the region; and

î positive impact in local communities.


î lack of facilities;

î sandfi sh are not present in Samoa; and

î only a few species have hatchery technology available.

11. Barramundi (Lates calcarifer)



î overseas market;

î fi ngerlings available within the region (Australia);

î high value; and

î knowledge available within the region (Australia, Papua New Guinea).


î lack of facilities (hatchery);

î lack of feeds;

î introduced species;

î unknown in Samoa; and

î low impact in rural communities.

12. Milkfi sh (Chanos chanos)



î local market (human consumption and bait);

î moderate value;

î easy to culture (no need for a hatchery);

î fry can be captured from the wild; and

î positive impact in rural communities.



î lack of feeds; and

î fry collection sites and seasonality are unknown.

13. Marine ornamental fi nfi sh (Chaetodon spp., Chelmon spp., Amphiprion spp.), cultured and capture-based farming



î export market;

î high value;

î local species (assessment of species of high value/interest already done);

î juveniles can be collected from the wild and cultured (to decrease fi sheries pressure) = Post-larvae capture and culture (PCC); and




î lack of feeds;

î fry collection sites and seasonality is unknown; and

î no market structure or exporter.


14. Seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii)



î export market;

î low value, but world price has increased recently;

î easy to culture/no need for a hatchery; and



î exotic species;

î highly aff ected by fi sh grazing (rabbitfi sh) and ice-ice disease; and

î no market structure.

15. Fresh water eel (Anguila spp.)



î high value; and



î lack of facilities;

î lack of feeds;

î has no social/cultural relevance;

î no local demand; and

î no local interest in this species.

19

Bibliography

Anon. 2001. Fisheries Division Annual Report 2000/2001. Fisheries Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Forests, Fisheries and Meteorology. Apia, Samoa.

Bell, L.A.J. 1984. Aquaculture: A potential development for Western Samoa. Fisheries Division, Department of Agriculture, Forests and Fisheries. Apia, Samoa.

Bell, L.A.J. and Ropeti, E. 1995. Western Samoa aquaculture profi le. FFA Report No. 95/18(b).

Bell, L.A.J., Ward, J. and Lakopo, M. 2003. Samoa marine biodiversity. Division of Environment. Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. Apia, Samoa.

Johnston, B. 2004. Economic evaluation of aquaculture opportunities in Samoa. A joint Samoa Fisheries and AusAID Project.

Lober, M. 2002. Samoa aquaculture profi le – draft. Report prepared for the Food and Agriculture Organization Sub-Regional Offi ce for the Pacifi c Region (SAPA). Apia, Samoa.

Matsunaga, Y. c1995. Report on the visit to follow up tilapia farming in Solaua. Fisheries Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Forests, Fisheries and Meteorology. Apia, Western Samoa.

Mulipola, A. 2002. Marine resources of Samoa. Report prepared for Samoa’s National Report for the World Summit on Sustainable Development. Johannesburg, South Africa.

Popper, D.M. 1980. Baitfi sh culture project in Western Samoa. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.

Rimmer, M., Bell, L., Lober, M. and Trevor, A. 2001. Evaluation of the potential for Aquaculture in Samoa. Project Milestone 40, September 2001. Samoa Fisheries Project Report.

TIPU 2000. Project profi le: Farming of milkfi sh. Trade, Commerce and Industry, Government of Samoa.

Uwate, K.R., Kunatuba, P., Raobati, B. and Tenakanai, C. 1984. et al, 1984. A review of aquaculture activities in the Pacifi c Islands region. PIDP, East-West Centre. Honolulu, Hawaii.

Winterstein, H. 1991b. Growth trials of Pacifi c oysters (Crassostrea gigas) in Western Samoa. Research Section, Fisheries Division. Department of Agriculture, Forests and Fisheries. Apia, Western Samoa.

Zann, L. 1991a. The inshore resources of Upolu, Western Samoa: Coastal inventory and fi sheries database. Field Report No. 5. FAO/UNDP project SAM/89/002.

Zann, L. 1991b. A review of aquaculture in Western Samoa. FAO/UNDP SAM/89/002. Field Report No. 4.

http://www.spc.int/aquaculture/site/home/index.asp

Notes

SECRETARIAT OF THE PACIFIC COMMUNITY

BP D5 • 98848 NOUMEA CEDEX • NEW CALEDONIA

Telephone: +687 26 20 00

Facsimile: +687 26 38 18

Email: [email protected]

http://www.spc.int/fame

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES

PO BOX 1874 • APIA • SAMOA

Telephone: +685 20 369

Facsimile: +685 24 292

Email: fi sh@fi sheries.gov.ws

http://www.maf.gov.ws

Documents

Samoa Aquaculture Management and Development Plan 2013-2018 · 2 Samoa Aquaculture Management and Development Plan 2013–2018 • Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Sector Plan