SAHRA – NSF Center for Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas Intro Page Modeling Amazonian Carbon Release with Calibrated Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere

SAHRA – NSF Center for Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian AreasSAHRA – NSF Center for Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas

Intro PageIntro Page

Modeling Amazonian Carbon ReleaseModeling Amazonian Carbon Releasewith Calibratedwith Calibrated

Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Transfer Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Transfer ModelsModels

NSF Center for Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas


Project GoalProject Goal

To investigate temporal and spatial To investigate temporal and spatial variations and model-to-model variations and model-to-model differences in the calculated carbon differences in the calculated carbon exchange of the Amazônian forest exchange of the Amazônian forest ecosystem over the last 40-50 years ecosystem over the last 40-50 years using models of soil-vegetation-using models of soil-vegetation-atmosphere interactions which have atmosphere interactions which have been calibrated against field data from been calibrated against field data from the LBA field sites using modern multi-the LBA field sites using modern multi-parameter estimation techniquesparameter estimation techniques ..


Project ObjectivesProject Objectives

Obtain the available data from the LBA field sites relevant to the calibration of SVAT models and carry out a multi-parameter calibration of SiB2 and MOSES-TRIFFID using these data

Explore the variation in optimized parameters obtained by calibrating SiB2 and MOSES-TRIFFID against LBA data, to determine if and how these parameters are related to site-specific seasonal climate, disturbance regimes, underlying soil, and appropriate remotely sensed geophysical variables

Obtain the time series of near-surface forcing variables available from the re-analysis data sets from ECMWF and/or NCEP and validate these time-series against climate records for Amazônia and data from past and ongoing Amazonian field studies (e.g., LBA, ABRACOS, ARME, etc.)

Investigate the temporal and spatial variations and model-to-model differences in the calculated carbon exchange of the Amazônian forest ecosystem over the last 40-50 years by using the time series of meteorological variables [validated in (3)], to force two-dimensional arrays of calibrated SVAT models [specified from (1) and (2)]


Project Progress: ModelsProject Progress: Models

The models for which multi-parameter optimization is being (or will be) made:

BATS2: our existing “tried and tested” optimization model, currently being used as our “pathfinder” optimization to explore LBA data set availability/reliability

SiB2: optimization procedures are now largely developed, but refinements are still being made: problems include

unstable iteration methods in the original SiB2 pre-processor package; some still poorly understood “timing” issues with modeled CO2 fluxes

(implicit time of day in code?)

MOSES: we have not yet obtained a reliable source code for this model or begun setting up an optimization package

Simple-SiB: we are making exploratory optimization of this model for possible future use in CPTEC Eta model


Project Progress: LBA Data SetsProject Progress: LBA Data Sets

Currently trying to use Currently trying to use data from Beija-flor and data from Beija-flor and trying to analyze for:trying to analyze for:

Tapajos national forest, Tapajos national forest, Santarem, ParaSantarem, Para

Km 67 Km 83 (logged after 1

year)

Reserva Biologica do Reserva Biologica do Cuieiras, Manaus, Cuieiras, Manaus, AmazonasAmazonas

ZF2 km 34 ZF2 km 14 (EC data only)

(km 14 not examined yet)

Reserva Boiologica Jaru Reserva Boiologica Jaru (RBJ), Ji Parana, Rondonia(RBJ), Ji Parana, Rondonia

Floresta Nacional de Floresta Nacional de Caxiuana, near Belem, ParaCaxiuana, near Belem, Para

we know data exists but have not found it in Beja-

flor yet

(Andreae et al, JGR, 2002)(Andreae et al, JGR, 2002)


Data: Tapajos, Santarem, km 67Data: Tapajos, Santarem, km 67

Currently optimizing with:Currently optimizing with:

Measured EC fluxes of Measured EC fluxes of sensible and latent heat, sensible and latent heat, and Net Ecosystem and Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) calculated Exchange (NEE) calculated from storage flux and EC from storage flux and EC COCO2 2 fluxflux

Gaps in model forcing data Gaps in model forcing data were filled using km 83 were filled using km 83 data, where available, or data, where available, or mean data from pervious mean data from pervious and next available time and next available time periodsperiods

Data period shown is that Data period shown is that used for optimizationused for optimization

Eleanor’s comments:Eleanor’s comments:

Well documented data with Well documented data with good quality controlgood quality control

[email protected]@hwr.arizona.edu

Approx. time EC tower

installed



Currently optimizing Currently optimizing with:with:

Measured EC fluxes of Measured EC fluxes of sensible and latent heat, sensible and latent heat, and Net Ecosystem and Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) calculated Exchange (NEE) calculated from storage flux and EC from storage flux and EC COCO2 2 fluxflux

Forest logged after this Forest logged after this period therefore not period therefore not comparable with other comparable with other primary forestsprimary forests

Data period shown is that Data period shown is that used for optimizationused for optimization

Eleanor’s comments:Eleanor’s comments:

Well documented data Well documented data with good quality controlwith good quality control

[email protected]@hwr.arizona.edu

Approx. time EC tower

installed



BATS2 Optimization: all data (including nighttime) includedBATS2 Optimization: all data (including nighttime) included



BATS2 Optimization: no nighttime data includedBATS2 Optimization: no nighttime data included



BATS2 Optimization: all data (including nighttime) includedBATS2 Optimization: all data (including nighttime) included





Data: Data: Cuieiras, ManausCuieiras, Manaus, km 34, 14, km 34, 14

Currently working with:Currently working with:

km 34: measured EC fluxes km 34: measured EC fluxes and forcing and storage and forcing and storage data accessible 1999-2003data accessible 1999-2003

km 14: measured EC fluxes km 14: measured EC fluxes accessible 1999-2003 accessible 1999-2003 (close (close enough to use same forcing enough to use same forcing and COand CO22 storage data?) storage data?)

Significant forcing data Significant forcing data missing in 2001 and 2002 missing in 2001 and 2002 (is this correct?) (is this correct?) Interpolated forcing data in Interpolated forcing data in red.red.

Currently optimizing using Currently optimizing using DOY 165-700DOY 165-700


Data: Cuieiras, Manaus km 34Data: Cuieiras, Manaus km 34

BATS2 Optimization: all data included (small spread in Pareto set?)BATS2 Optimization: all data included (small spread in Pareto set?)


Data: Cuieiras, Manaus km 34Data: Cuieiras, Manaus km 34



Data: Jaru, RondoniaData: Jaru, Rondonia

BATS2 Optimization: all data includedBATS2 Optimization: all data included


Data: Some CommentsData: Some Comments

Eleanor’s (Eleanor’s ([email protected]@hwr.arizona.edu) comments:) comments: Data in Beja-flor from:Data in Beja-flor from:

Reserva Biologica do Cuieiras, Manaus, AmazonasReserva Biologica do Cuieiras, Manaus, Amazonas

Reserva Boiologica Jaru (RBJ), Ji Parana, RondoniaReserva Boiologica Jaru (RBJ), Ji Parana, Rondonia

Would be easier to use if:Would be easier to use if:

Documentation specifying data were of same standard as that Documentation specifying data were of same standard as that for Tapajos, Santaremfor Tapajos, Santarem

Link given in Beja-flor delivered data for Link given in Beja-flor delivered data for Cuieiras and Jaru (?)

Time steps were included in data series for periods when no Time steps were included in data series for periods when no data were taken, but flagged as missing data (for continuity in data were taken, but flagged as missing data (for continuity in models) models)

Net ecosystem were calculated and included (as at Santarem Net ecosystem were calculated and included (as at Santarem 67 km)67 km)

Can’t find (in Beja-flor) the data from:Can’t find (in Beja-flor) the data from: Floresta Nacional de Caxiuana, near Belem, ParaFloresta Nacional de Caxiuana, near Belem, Para


Data: Some More CommentsData: Some More Comments

Jim’s comments Jim’s comments (on the basis of discussion this (on the basis of discussion this week)week)::

It will It will not be possible to complete this projectnot be possible to complete this project in a timely in a timely and effective way and effective way using data obtained from Beja-florusing data obtained from Beja-flor..

Hence, we Hence, we will have to go one-on-one with individual groupswill have to go one-on-one with individual groups to to obtain dataobtain data

I believe I believe this will be a common problem for all “synthesis” projectsthis will be a common problem for all “synthesis” projects that active over the next 18-24 monthsthat active over the next 18-24 months

We We need to define a list of primary (and secondary) data interface need to define a list of primary (and secondary) data interface contacts for each flux tower groupcontacts for each flux tower group to service this intermediate to service this intermediate need to distribute data rapidly to “synthesis teams” need to distribute data rapidly to “synthesis teams”

Recent improvements in the understanding of the origin Recent improvements in the understanding of the origin of flux loss in eddy correlation measurementsof flux loss in eddy correlation measurements mean mean it is it is possible that all LBA flux data will require reanalysispossible that all LBA flux data will require reanalysis..

This has the potential to substantially delay progressThis has the potential to substantially delay progress in this and in this and other “synthesis” projectsother “synthesis” projects

angle of attack dependent calibration of anemometer and longer angle of attack dependent calibration of anemometer and longer time periods for rotation analysistime periods for rotation analysis

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SAHRA – NSF Center for Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas Intro Page Modeling Amazonian Carbon Release with Calibrated Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere