SAFETY IN ORIGINATION & DESIGNDisrupt or be Disrupted

Andrew Council, Lendlease

ECRI, June 2017

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200,000 years of humanity:

ECRI JUNE 2017

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150,000 hunter-gatherer

45,000 farming, agriculture

4,800 trade, commerce

150 industrialisation

50 computerisation

next digitalisation &

augmentation

3What is digital disruption?

Gerd Leonhard- Futurist Speaker -TFA Studios with Accenture

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A Provocation

How do we respond to the following disruption challenges posed by the

proliferation of new digital technologies:

i. Development and application of a consistent and efficient digital

design strategy (beyond BIM?);

ii. Adoption (and trust) of machine learning and advanced analytics;

iii. The introduction of new

“construction” techniques.

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“We always overestimate the

change that will occur in the

next two years and

underestimate the change that

will occur in the next ten…

…don’t let yourself be lulled

into inaction.”

Bill Gates

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Data= Collaboration

Pro

curem

ent

Des

ign

Supply ChainSafety

The key is to harness the data

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Four potential Digital disrupters

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1. Digital surveying and data capture

• Drones / aerial imaging and

analysis

• Laser scanning

• Handheld scanning devices

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2. Machine learning and advanced analytics

Harnessing the knowledge from every piece of

data & information that’s ever been

produced

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3. Industrialisation of construction

• Prefabrication and modular

construction

• Additive manufacturing

• Robotics

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4. Digital collaboration, design and modelling

• Augmented reality

• Enhanced modelling and gamification

• Field technology and sensing devices

• Generative design

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Is the Digital Threat Real?

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Whatever happened to BIM?

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• Practical application from mid 1980s

• Today, still largely reliant on Government sponsorship

• Why are we still not working wholly in a BIM world?

• Education / misunderstanding – software versus collaboration

• Benefits propaganda - versus sensible investment discussions

• Intellectual Property – outdated views on value

“We’ll be succeeding when we stop

talking about BIM”

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Case Study: Modular Construction in

Singapore

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PPVC - Singapore

Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction (PPVC) is a key enabler

of the Building & Construction Authority (BCA)’s strategic priority to

transform the industry.

Aim is to double construction productivity increases from

1.5-2% annually (2011-15) to 2.5-4% annually (2016-20)

21 PPVC projects across various sectors. Includes the

first 2 public housing PPVC projects by the

Housing and Development Board (HDB), which

is responsible for over 80% of Singapore’s

residential dwellings.

PPVC encompasses a triumvirate of strategies

involving a whole of government approach to

modernise the property industry:

i. enhance Quality of Workforce

ii. adoption of Productive Technologies

iii. facilitate Supply Chain Integration

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Potential Suppliers will need to secure an in-principle acceptance (IPA) of their product

through a 9-stage approval process from the multi-agency Building Innovation Panel

comprising 9 Government regulatory agencies which scrutinize all aspects, including:

i. design,

ii. material

selection,

iii. manufacturing

iv. transportation

v. safe installation

vi. maintainability.

PPVC developments will need to undergo statutory structural inspections every 10-years.

PPVC – approval process

Step 1

submit PPVC

system for

evaluation

Step 1

submit PPVC

system for

evaluation

Step 2

Agency - will it

improve

productivity

Step 2

Agency - will it

improve

productivity

Step 3

present system

to agencies

Step 3

present system

to agencies

Step 4

Authority seeks

feedback from

agencies

Step 4

Authority seeks

feedback from

agencies

Step 5

Applicant

addresses

feedback

Step 5

Applicant

addresses

feedback

Step 6

Applicant final

presentation to

Authority

Step 6

Applicant final

presentation to

Authority

Step 7

Applicant

addresses final

comments

Step 7

Applicant

addresses final

comments

Step 8

Authority issues

in-principle

acceptance

Step 8

Authority issues

in-principle

acceptance

Step 9

Authority

publishes on

website

Step 9

Authority

publishes on

website

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The PPVC strategy establishes KPIs to ensure

that the quantum of off-site manufacturing is

maximised:

PPVC – Manufacturing Elements

Element Minimum level of off-site completion

Floor finishes 80%

Wall finishes 100%

Painting 100% base coat (final coat is allowed on-site)

Windows – frame & glazing 100%

Doors 100% (door leaf installation allowed on-site)

Wardrobes & cabinets 100% (door installation allowed on-site)

M&E (incl water & sanitary pipes,

electrical conduits & ducting)

100% (end-user equipment and fixture installation

allowed on-site)

Electrical sockets & switches 100% (light fitting installation allowed on-site)

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PPVC – four key assessment criterion:

Product• System Type (Concrete, Steel

Frame, Hybrid)

• Status of BCA IPA and MAS

approvals

• Some Technical Considerations:

• Concrete Walls preferred over

Drywall – based on homeowner

feedback

• Concrete PBUs are generally more

cost effective, particularly for

buildings over 10-storeys

• Length of Loadbearing Walls

/Columns – inhibits future renovation

• Water-tightness – Prevention of

water ingress and drainage details

Corporate

Profile

• Shareholders

(Parent Company)

• Financial Standing

• ISO Qualification

• Safety Record

Commercials

• Competitiveness

• Advance payments

• Warranty

obligations

• Willingness to take

on a Supply &

Install contract

Capability• In-house design and

external PE competency

• Standing with BCA

(influence on project

permitting approval)

• Location of manufacturing –

increased risk during

transportation and

verification of compliance

with Singapore code if

manufactured overseas,

particularly in China

• Location of trade fit-out and

finishing – ideally this would

be carried out at the

manufacturing facility to

avoid double-handling

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PPVC – Opportunities and Threats:

Potential Opportunities

Levels playing field: superstructure structural

system & costs .

Time savings: reduced cost, less time exposure

to safety risks in delivery & weather delays.

Greatly reduced on-site manpower – reduced

exposure to safety risks, reduction in site

amenity requirements.

Overall productivity improvements of 20% +

Reduced exposure to subcontractor poor

performance, insolvency and administration.

Increased quality and consistency .. Greatly reduced onsite waste.

Less materials storage and multiple materials handling logistics.

Ability to incorporate more energy efficient and sustainably

sourced materials.

Greatly reduced noise, dust and disruption to neighbours

(particularly on Canvas given newly completed surrounding

residential/HDB’s).

Focuses effort on confirming layouts earlier as PPVC design

needs to be finalized early due to lead time for fabrication.

Potential to deconstruct for re-location and re-use.

Potential Threats

More costly with generally accepted view that

the Direct Costs are between 10% - 20%

higher than conventional construction.

New to the Singapore market and the wider

construction supply chain.

Residential market acceptance of lightweight

drywall PPVCs is still in its infancy.

Reliance on a large Supplier / Super-

subcontractor (potentially 30% - 40% of D&C

cost) will necessitate a degree of construction

oversight and supervision off-site.

Delivery and site logistics planning are critical

Additional design considerations and detailing

not customary in conventional design.

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PPVC – summary:

Targeted reduction of foreign workers from 300,000

to 200,000 by 2020

Annual increase in productivity doubled by 2020

Increase in high-skilled workers from 40% to

60% by 2020

Focus on increasing cost of construction site

labour to force adoption of technology and Design

for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) methods

Emphasis on Green-collar talent development –

people skilled in digital processes

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New ‘Land sale’ Project

Complex Site adjacent to MRT

station

Land Area = 25,000 m2

Development GFA max = 90,000 m2

Residential = 700 units.

Retail max = 15,000 m2

Commercial max = 12,000 m2

Community = 6000 m2

Police Station = 2000 m2

Minimum use of PPVC shall be 65%

of residential building

BCA Chief Dr John Keung

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What else will disrupt us?

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The Future in Summary

• It’s about the data

• Design will become faster

• Manufacturing will become pre-eminent

• Construction sites will focus on assembly

• Traditional construction companies will be threatened

• The project team in 5 years will contain roles not yet thought of

• We are seeing the convergence of efficiency and technology

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Two things to consider:

1. If you can think of it, somebody, somewhere, is already

doing it

2. We are on the cusp of a new revolution

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