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Safety & Health Consultation
Electrical in General IndustryElectrical in General Industry
NUMBER OF SERIOUS VIOLATIONS – FY 2014
29CF
R 19
10 S
UBP
ARTS
305(b)(2)(i)
305(g)(1)(iv)(A)
305(g)(2)(iii)
305(b)(1)(ii)
303(b)(2)
387
423
487
496
698
ELECTRICAL [1910.301 – 399]
2
PROPER INSTALLATION & USE OF EQUIPMENT
GROUNDING PERMANENT AND EFFECTIVE
FLEXIBLE CORD STRAIN RELIEF
SUBPART S
FLEXIBLE CORDS USED AS FIXED WIRING
PULL/JUNCTION BOX COVERS
Safety & Health Consultation
Electrical TerminologyElectrical Terminology
• Current – the movement of electrical charge• Resistance – opposition to current flow• Voltage – a measure of electrical force• Conductors – substances, such as metals, that have
little resistance to electricity• Insulators – substances, such as wood, rubber,
glass, and bakelite, that have high resistance to electricity
• Grounding – a conductive connection to the earth which acts as a protective measure
Electrical Utilization SystemsElectrical Utilization Systems• Electrical installations and utilization equipment
installed or used within or on buildings, structures and other premises: – Yards– Carnivals– Parking and other lots– Mobile homes – Recreational vehicles– Industrial substations– Conductors that connect the installations to a supply of electricity– Other outside conductors on the premises
Safety & Health Consultation 1910.302(a)
Safety & Health Consultation
Electrical HazardsWhat’s the first thing that comes to mind?
Electrical HazardsWhat’s the first thing that comes to mind?
Shock
Burns
Fire
Explosions
Direct: Electrocution
Reaction: Falls
Arc Blast / Arc Flash
Safety & Health Consultation
Shock & Electrocution LevelsShock & Electrocution Levels
• 1/1000 ampere – Perception level• 1/100 ampere – Muscular contraction• 1/10 ampere – Electrocution
Overcurrent devices
Does NOT trip until at least
15 amperes
Safety & Health Consultation
Question???Question???Are over current devices used to protect people?
No, they protect equipment and property
Safety & Health Consultation
Electrical Protective DevicesElectrical Protective Devices
• These devices shut off electricity flow in the event of an overload or ground-fault in the circuit
• Include fuses, circuit breakers, and ground-fault circuit-interrupters (GFCI’s)
• Fuses and circuit breakers are overcurrent devices – When there is too much current:
• Fuses melt• Circuit breakers trip open
Safety & Health Consultation
Electrical ShockElectrical Shock• Received when current passes
through the body• Severity of the shock depends on:
– Path of current through the body– Amount of current flowing through
the body– Length of time the body is in the
circuit
• LOW VOLTAGE DOES NOT MEAN LOW HAZARD
Safety & Health Consultation
Dangers of Electrical ShockDangers of Electrical Shock
• Currents greater than 75 mA* can cause ventricular fibrillation (rapid, ineffective heartbeat)
• Will cause death in a few minutes unless a defibrillator is used
• 75 mA is not much current – a small power drill uses 30 times as much
* mA = milliampere = 1/1,000 of an ampere
Defibrillator in use
Safety & Health Consultation
How is an electrical shock received?How is an electrical shock received?
• When two wires have different potential differences (voltages), current will flow if they are connected together– In most household wiring, the black wires are at
110 volts relative to ground– The white wires are at zero volts because they are
connected to ground• If you come into contact with an energized (live)
black wire, and you are also in contact with the white grounded wire, current will pass through your body and YOU WILL RECEIVE A SHOCK
Safety & Health Consultation
How is an electrical shock received?How is an electrical shock received?
• If you are in contact with an energized wire or any energized electrical component, and also with any grounded object, YOU WILL RECEIVE A SHOCK
• You can even receive a shock when you are not in contact with a ground– If you contact both wires of a 240-volt cable, YOU
WILL RECEIVE A SHOCK and possibly be electrocuted
Safety & Health Consultation
Electrical HazardsElectrical Hazards
Remember, if it’s an electrocution, it’s a
FATALITY!
Safety & Health Consultation
FallsFalls
• Electric shock can also cause indirect or secondary injuries
• Workers in elevated locations who experience a shock can fall, resulting in serious injury or death
Safety & Health Consultation
Electrical Burns Electrical Burns
• Most common shock-related, nonfatal injury
• Occurs when you touch electrical wiring or equipment that is improperly used or maintained
• Typically occurs on the hands• Very serious injury that needs
immediate attention
Safety & Health Consultation
FiresFires
Safety & Health Consultation
• A hazard exists when a conductor is too small to safely carry the current
• Example: using a portable tool with an extension cord that has a wire too small for the tool– The tool will draw more current than the cord can handle,
causing overheating and a possible fire without tripping the circuit breaker
– The circuit breaker could be the right size for the circuit but not for the smaller-wire extension cord
Inadequate Wiring HazardsInadequate Wiring Hazards
Inadequate Wiring HazardsInadequate Wiring Hazards
Safety & Health Consultation
Note: The larger the gauge number, the smaller the wire.
Safety & Health Consultation
Overload HazardsOverload Hazards
• If too many devices are plugged into a circuit, the current will heat the wires to a very high temperature, which may cause a fire
• If the wire insulation melts, arcing may occur and cause a fire in the area where the overload exists, even inside a wall
Safety & Health Consultation
ExplosionsArc Blast/Arc Flash
ExplosionsArc Blast/Arc Flash
Safety & Health Consultation
“I can work it live because I’m Qualified!”
Safety & Health Consultation
“The standards require that all work shall be done
de-energized!”
“The standards require that all work shall be done
de-energized!”
1910.331-335
NFPA 70E
Safety & Health Consultation
ExplosionsExplosions
80% of electrically related accidents, incidents, and fatalities
among Qualified Workers
Caused by
Arc Blast/Arc Flash
Safety & Health Consultation
Ground-Fault Circuit InterrupterGround-Fault Circuit Interrupter
• This device protects you from dangerous shock
• The GFCI detects a difference in current between the black and white circuit wires (This could happen when electrical equipment is not working correctly, causing current “leakage” – known as a ground fault.)
• If a ground fault is detected, the GFCI can shut off electricity flow in as little as 1/40 of a second, protecting you from a dangerous shock
Safety & Health Consultation
Grounding HazardsGrounding Hazards
• Some of the most frequently violated OSHA standards
• Metal parts of an electrical wiring system that we touch
(switch plates, ceiling light fixtures, conduit, etc.) should
be at zero volts relative to ground
• Housings of motors, appliances or tools that are plugged
into improperly grounded circuits may become energized
• If you come into contact with an improperly grounded
electrical device, YOU WILL BE SHOCKED
Safety & Health Consultation
Overhead Powerline HazardsOverhead Powerline Hazards
• Most people don’t realize that overhead powerlines are usually not insulated
• Powerline workers need special training and personal protective equipment (PPE) to work safely
• Do not use metal ladders – instead, use fiberglass ladders
• Beware of powerlines when you work with ladders and scaffolding
Safety & Health Consultation
Some Examples of OSHA Electrical Requirements . . . .Some Examples of OSHA Electrical Requirements . . . .
ApprovalApproval• Approval. The conductors and equipment
required or permitted by this subpart shall be acceptable only if approved
Safety & Health Consultation 1910.303(a)
Examination, Installation, and UseExamination, Installation, and Use• Employer Obligation
– Electrical equipment must be free from recognized hazards that are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to employees:• Cables exposed to sharp
edges • Splices• Bare conductors
Safety & Health Consultation 1910.303(b)(1)
Safety & Health Consultation
• Examination. Safety of equipment shall
determined using the following considerations:– Suitability of equipment for an identified purpose may be
evidenced by listing or labeling for that identified purpose
Examination, Installation, and UseExamination, Installation, and Use
1910.303(b)(2)
Mechanical Execution of WorkMechanical Execution of Work
• Equipment shall be installed in a neat workmanlike manner
Safety & Health Consultation1910.303(b)(7)
• Unused openings shall be effectively closed to afford protection substantially equivalent to the wall of the equipment.
Safety & Health Consultation
Mechanical Execution of WorkMechanical Execution of Work
1910.303(b)(7)(i)
Safety & Health Consultation
• Electrical equipment may not be used unless the
manufacturer's name, trademark, or other
descriptive marking by which the organization
responsible for the product may be identified is
placed on the equipment
Equipment MarkingEquipment Marking
1910.303(e)(1)
1910.302(e)(1)(i)
Safety & Health Consultation
• Other markings shall be provided giving
voltage, current, wattage, or other ratings
as necessary. The marking shall be of
sufficient durability to withstand the
environment involved
Equipment MarkingEquipment Marking
480 V
1910.303(e)(1)(ii)
Safety & Health Consultation
Identification of DisconnectingMeans and Circuits
Identification of DisconnectingMeans and Circuits
• Each disconnecting means (dm) legibly marked to indicate its purpose– (Unless so arranged so the purpose is evident)
• A dm is a switch used to disconnect the conductors of a circuit from the source of current
Disconnect switch formotor number 3
1910.303(f)(1)
Identification of DisconnectingMeans and Circuits
Identification of DisconnectingMeans and Circuits
• Each service, feeder, and branch circuit, at its dm or overcurrent device, legibly and durably marked to indicate its purpose
• Switches and circuit breakers must be clearly labeled to indicate its circuit’s function
Circuit breaker for motors1,2,3, and 4
1910.303(f)(2)
Safety & Health Consultation
Example of properly labeledelectric service: motors, disconnects and breakers
• Disconnecting means shall be capable of being locked in the open position.
Safety & Health Consultation
Identification of DisconnectingMeans and Circuits
Identification of DisconnectingMeans and Circuits
1910.303(f)(4)
Safety & Health Consultation
Working Space about Electric Equipment
Working Space about Electric Equipment
• Sufficient access and working space around all electrical equipment, provided & maintained to provide ready and safe operation and maintenance
• Not used for storage• If located in aisle or general
open area, working space shall be suitably guarded
1910.303(g)
Safety & Health Consultation
TABLE S-1 - WORKING CLEARANCES ____________________________________________ Nominal voltage Minimum clear distance to ground for condition (2)(ft.)__________________________________________ (a) (b) (c)________________________________________
0-150 .........… (1)3 (1)3 3151-600 .......… (1)3 3 1/2 4________________________________________Footnote(1) Minimum clear distances may be 2 feet 6 inches for installations built prior to April 16, 1981.
Safety & Health Consultation
Working Space about Electric Equipment
Working Space about Electric Equipment
If the nominal voltage to ground is from 151 - 600 V:
1910.303(g)(1)(i)
Safety & Health Consultation
Equipment Illumination Equipment Illumination
• Illumination provided for
all working spaces about
service equipment,
switchboards, panel-
boards, and motor control
centers installed indoors.
1910.303(g)(1)(v)
Safety & Health Consultation
Headroom Headroom
• The minimum headroom
of working spaces about
service equipment,
switchboards, panel-
boards, or motor control
centers shall be 6 feet 3
inches
6'3"
1910.303(g)(1)(vi)
Guarding of Live PartsGuarding of Live Parts
• Live parts of electric equipment operating at 50 volts or more must be guarded.
Safety & Health Consultation 1910.303(g)(2)(i)
Safety & Health Consultation
Identification of ConductorsIdentification of Conductors
• A conductor used as a grounded
conductor shall be identifiable and
distinguishable from all other
conductors.
• A conductor used as an equipment
grounding conductor shall be
identifiable and distinguishable
from all other conductors
1910.304(a)(1)
Safety & Health Consultation
Identification of ConductorsIdentification of Conductors• Grounded conductor and equipment grounding
conductors marked or color coated so that employees can i.d. and tell apart
• Grounded conductor is an energized circuit (conductor that is connected to earth through the system ground) Commonly referred to as the neutral
Safety & Health Consultation
Grounding ConductorsGrounding Conductors
• Equipment grounding conductor acts as a safeguard against insulation failure or faults in the other circuit conductors
• Not an energized conductor under normal conditions.
• Energized if a leak or fault in the normal current path• Directs current back to the source • Enabling fuses or circuit breakers to operate
Safety & Health Consultation
Identification of ConductorsIdentification of Conductors• Grounded conductor i.d. and distinguished from other
conductors w/ white or gray
• Equipment grounding conductor i.d. and distinguished
w/green, green w/ yellow stripes, or bare
Safety & Health Consultation
Use and Identification of Grounded and Grounding Conductors
Use and Identification of Grounded and Grounding Conductors
• No grounded conductor may be attached to any
terminal or lead so as to reverse polarity
Correct polarity between the
ungrounded (hot) conductor, the
grounded (neutral) conductor,
and the grounding conductor
must be maintained
1910.304(a)(2)
Safety & Health Consultation
• Safety factor of 20%
Safety & Health Consultation
Branch CircuitsBranch Circuits
Circuit rating (amperes)
Receptacle rating (amperes)
Maximum load (amperes)
15 or 20 15 12
20 20 16
30 30 24
TABLE S–4. — Maximum Cord- and Plug- Connected Load to Receptacle
1910.304(b)(4)(ii)(B)
Safety & Health Consultation
Disconnecting MeansDisconnecting Means
1000kV
• General. Means provided to disconnect all conductors in a building from the service-entrance conductors.
• The disconnecting means shall plainly indicate whether it is in the open or closed position
• Installed at a readily accessible location
1910.304(e)(1)
Safety & Health Consultation
Services over 600 volts, nominalServices over 600 volts, nominal
1000kV
Danger
• Guarded to make them accessible only to qualified
persons
• Signs warning of high voltage shall be posted where
other than qualified employees might come in
contact with live parts
1910.304(e)(2)
Safety & Health Consultation
Overcurrent ProtectionOvercurrent Protection
1000kVDanger
• 600 volts or less:– Overcurrent devices readily accessible to each employee – May not be located where they will be exposed to physical
damage nor in the vicinity of easily ignitable material– Fuses and circuit breakers located or shielded that
employees will not be burned or otherwise injured by their operation
1910.304(f)
Safety & Health Consultation
Circuit BreakersCircuit Breakers
1000kVDanger
• Circuit breakers shall clearly indicate whether
they are in the open (off) or closed (on)
position
1910.304(f)(1)(vi)
Safety & Health Consultation
GroundingGrounding
• The path to ground from circuits, equipment, and enclosures must be permanent and continuous
• Violation shown here is an extension cord with a missing grounding prong
1910.304(g)(5)
Safety & Health Consultation
GroundingGrounding
• Required to protect employees against:
– Shock
– Safeguard against fire
– Protect equipment from damage
Safety & Health Consultation
GroundingGrounding
• There are two kinds of grounding:
–Electrical circuit or system grounding
–Electrical equipment grounding
Safety & Health Consultation
Electrical System GroundingElectrical System Grounding
• One conductor of the circuit is
intentionally grounded to earth
• Protects circuit from lightning, or other high
voltage contact
• Stabilizes the voltage in the system so “expected
voltage levels” are not exceeded under normal
conditions
Safety & Health Consultation
Equipment GroundingEquipment Grounding• All metal frames & enclosures of equipment are
grounded by a permanent connection or bond
• The equipment grounding conductor provides a path for dangerous fault current to return to the system ground at the supply source should a fault occur
Safety & Health Consultation
Hand-Held Electric ToolsHand-Held Electric Tools• Hand-held electric tools pose a
potential danger because they make continuous good contact with the hand
• To protect you from shock, burns, and electrocution, tools must:– Have a three-wire cord with ground
and be plugged into a grounded receptacle, or
– Be double insulated, or– Be powered by a low-voltage isolation
transformer1910.304(g)(6)(vi)(C)(3)
Safety & Health Consultation
Safety & Health Consultation
Note: Properly bonded conduit and associated metal enclosures can also serve as a grounding conductor.
Safety & Health Consultation
Guarding of Live PartsGuarding of Live Parts• Must guard live parts of electric
equipment operating at 50 volts or more against accidental contact by: – Approved cabinets/enclosures, or– Location or permanent partitions
making them accessible only to qualified persons, or
– Elevation of 8 ft. or more above the floor or working surface
• Mark entrances to guarded locations with conspicuous warning signs
1910.303(g)(2)(i)
Safety & Health Consultation
• Other forms of approved enclosures, or by any of the following means by:– Location in a room, vault, accessible only to qualified persons– Permanent, substantial partitions or screens– By location on a suitable balcony or platform as to exclude
unqualified persons– Elevation of 8 feet or more above the floor or other
working surface
Guarding of Live PartsGuarding of Live Parts
1910.303(g)(2)
Safety & Health Consultation
Guarding of Live PartsGuarding of Live Parts
• Must enclose or guard electric equipment in locations where it would be exposed to physical damage
Violation shown here is physical damage to conduit
1910.303(g)(2)(ii)
Safety & Health Consultation
Wiring in Ducts Wiring in Ducts
• No wiring systems of any type installed in ducts
used to transport dust, loose stock or flammable
vapors
1910.305(a)(1)(ii)
Safety & Health Consultation
Temporary Wiring Temporary Wiring
• All lamps for general illumination shall be protected from accidental contact or breakage by a suitable fixture or lampholder with a guard. Brass shell, paper-lined sockets, or other metal-cased sockets may not be used unless the shell is grounded.
1910.305(a)(2)(ix)
Safety & Health Consultation
Temporary Wiring Temporary Wiring • Flexible cords and cables shall be protected from
accidental damage • Sharp corners and projections shall be avoided. • Where passing through doorways or other pinch
points, flexible cords and cables shall be provided with protection to avoid damage
1910.305(a)(2)(x)
Safety & Health Consultation
• Conductors can be damaged if they rub against the sharp edges of cabinets, boxes, or fittings
• Where they enter they must be protected by some type of clamp or rubber grommet
• The device used must close the hole through which the conductor passes as well as provide protection from abrasion
Conductors Entering Boxes, Cabinets or Fittings
Conductors Entering Boxes, Cabinets or Fittings
1910.305(b)(1)
Safety & Health Consultation
Conductors Entering Boxes, Cabinets or Fittings
Conductors Entering Boxes, Cabinets or Fittings
• All pull boxes, junction boxes and fittings must be provided with covers identified for the purpose
• If covers are metal they must be grounded.• Each outlet box must have a cover, faceplate or fixture
canopy
1910.305(b)(2)(i)
Safety & Health Consultation
Use of Flexible CordsUse of Flexible Cords
• Where passing through doorways or other pinch points, flexible cords and cables shall be provided with protection to avoid damage
1910.305(a)(2)(x)
Safety & Health Consultation
Use of Flexible CordsUse of Flexible Cords• More vulnerable than fixed wiring• Do not use if one of the recognized
wiring methods can be used instead• Flexible cords can be damaged by:
– Aging– Door or window edges– Staples or fastenings– Abrasion from adjacent materials– Activities in the area
• Improper use of flexible cords can cause shocks, burns or fire
1910.305(g)
Safety & Health Consultation
Permissible Uses of Flexible CordsExamples
Permissible Uses of Flexible CordsExamples
Pendant, orFixture Wiring
Portable lamps,tools or appliances
Stationary equipment-to facilitate interchange
1910.305(g)(1)(ii)
Safety & Health Consultation
Prohibited Uses of Flexible CordsExamples
Prohibited Uses of Flexible CordsExamples
Substitute for fixed wiring
Run through walls, ceilings, floors, doors, or windows
Concealed behind or attached to building surfaces
1910.305(g)(1)
Flexible CordsFlexible Cords
• Flexible cords must be connected to devices and fittings.– Strain relief must be provided to prevent pull from
being directly transmitted to joints or terminal screws.
Safety & Health Consultation 1910.305(g)(2)(iii)
Safety & Health Consultation
Electrical Safety Related Work Practices
1910.331 - 335
Electrical Safety Related Work Practices
1910.331 - 335
Safety & Health Consultation
80% of electrically related accidents, incidents, and fatalities
among Qualified Workers
Caused by
Arc Blast /Arc Flash
Safety & Health Consultation
What electrical hazard is responsible for nearly 80% of the accidents, incidents, and fatalities among Unqualified Workers?
Electrocution
Usually associated with a lack of
Equipment Grounding!
Safety & Health Consultation
Electrical SafetyRelated Work Practices
Electrical SafetyRelated Work Practices
• 1910.331(a)(1) Premise Wiring. Installations of electric conductors and equipment within or on buildings or other structures, and on other premises such as yards, carnival parking, and other lots, and industrial substations;
• 1910.399 Equipment. A general term including material, fittings, devices, appliances, fixtures, apparatus, and the like, used as part of, or in connection with an electrical
installation.
Safety & Health Consultation
Does this standard apply to a technician working at a repair center, diagnosing / troubleshooting and repairing:
Microwave ovens? Yes
TV’s and VCR’s? Yes
Computers? Yes
Lamps? Yes
Anything electrical? Yes
Safety & Health Consultation
Protection by Electrical Installation Standards
Protection by Electrical Installation Standards
1 – Avoid contact
a – Guard
b – Insulate
c – Elevate
2 – Grounding
(Equipment Ground)
3 - GFCI
Safety & Health Consultation
Safety Related Work PracticesSafety Related Work Practices• Covers:
• Qualified persons (those who have training in avoiding the electrical hazards)
• Unqualified persons (those with little or no such training)
1910.331 - 335
Safety & Health Consultation
Safety Related Work PracticesSafety Related Work Practices• Qualified persons: (i.e. those permitted to work on or near
exposed energized parts) shall, at a minimum, be trained in
and familiar with the following:– The skills and techniques necessary to distinguish exposed live
parts from other parts of electric equipment
– The skills and techniques necessary to determine the nominal
voltage of exposed live parts
1910.331 - 335
Safety & Health Consultation
Unqualified PersonsUnqualified Persons
• .332(a) Training requirements apply to employees who face the risk of shock not reduced to a safe level by installation requirements of .301 - .308 Subpart S
• (b)(2) also trained in electrical safe work practices not addressed here but which is necessary for their safety
• .334 Use of portable equipment
Safety & Health Consultation
Unqualified PersonsUnqualified Persons• Another way to say this is, unqualified workers:
• Are normally protected by the installation requirements by Subpart S
However
• If their work exposes them to electrical hazards which would otherwise be protected according to Subpart S, they must be trained.
• Trained to recognize and avoid hazards encountered or likely to encounter while working.
Safety & Health Consultation
Safety Related Work PracticesSafety Related Work Practices• Unqualified person working near overhead lines, the
person and the longest conductive object they may contact cannot come closer to any energized overhead line than the following distances:– For voltages to ground 50kV or below - 10 feet– For voltages to ground over 50kV - 10 feet plus 4 inches
for every 10kV over 50kV
1910.331 - 335
Safety & Health Consultation
Safety Related Work PracticesSafety Related Work Practices
• While any employee is exposed to contact with
parts of fixed electric equipment or circuits
which have been deenergized, the circuits
energizing the parts shall be locked out or
tagged or both*
1910.331 - 335
Safety & Health Consultation
Use of Portable EquipmentUse of Portable Equipment
• 1910.334(a) covers:– Cordsets (extension cords)– Cord and plug connected equipment– For unqualified as well as qualified workers
Safety & Health Consultation
Use of Portable EquipmentUse of Portable Equipment
• 1910.334(a)– Don’t abuse, damage, or use for a rope (a)(1)
In other words don’t use the cord to
raise or lower equipment
Safety & Health Consultation
This standard addresses the root cause factors of these recurring hazards….
As a result, we will have a positive and lasting effect on safety and ultimately eradicate recurring hazards.
Safety & Health Consultation
Use of Portable EquipmentUse of Portable Equipment
• 1910.334– (a)(1) Don’t abuse damage, or use as a rope.
– (a)(2) Visually inspect before use.
– (a)(2) Loose parts, deformed/bent pins or
blades, missing pins or blades, (GROUND
PIN).
Safety & Health Consultation
Use of Portable EquipmentUse of Portable Equipment
• 1910.334– (a)(2) Damage to outer jacket, evidence of
damage, pinched /crushed.
– (a)(2)(ii) Shall be removed from service and not
used until repaired
Safety & Health Consultation
Use of Portable EquipmentUse of Portable Equipment
The purpose of the equipment grounding conductor is to …
Prevent Electrocution
In the event of a fault or short circuit in the tool or equipment
Safety & Health Consultation
Safety Related Work PracticesSafety Related Work Practices
• Portable electric equipment and
flexible cords used in highly
conductive work locations, or in job
locations where employees are likely
to contact water or conductive liquids,
shall be approved for those locations
1910.331 - 335
Safety & Health Consultation
Safety Related Work PracticesSafety Related Work Practices
• Conductive articles of jewelry and clothing (such a
watch bands, bracelets, rings, key chains,
necklaces, etc...) may not be worn if they might
contact exposed energized parts
1910.331 - 335
Safety & Health Consultation
Clues that Electrical Hazards Exist Clues that Electrical Hazards Exist
• Tripped circuit breakers or blown fuses• Warm tools, wires, cords, connections, or
junction boxes• GFCI that shuts off a circuit• Worn or frayed insulation around wire or
connection
Safety & Health Consultation
TrainingTraining
• Deenergizing electric equipment before inspecting or making repairs
• Using electric tools that are in good repair• Using good judgment when working near
energized lines• Using appropriate protective equipment
Train employees working with electric equipment in safe work practices, including:
Safety & Health Consultation
SummarySummaryHazards• Inadequate wiring• Exposed electrical parts• Wires with bad insulation• Ungrounded electrical
systems and tools• Overloaded circuits• Damaged power tools and
equipment• Using the wrong PPE and
tools• Overhead powerlines• All hazards are made worse
in wet conditions
Protective Measures• Proper grounding• Using GFCI’s• Using fuses and circuit
breakers• Guarding live parts• Proper use of flexible
cords• Training
Safety & Health Consultation
Your Questions?Your Questions?