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Safety Challenges in Operating Drones Beyond the Visual Line of Sight
Key Market Barriers
Key Market BarriersWide range of market barriers hinder growth of drones market
Lack of harmonized standards or regulations is considered to be the main barrier to the drone market further development
Misuse assuranceuse of drones by both individuals or companies that have the risk of being subject to liability or privacy claims resulting to unpredictable cost
Technical barriersfor new entrants to utilize the existing know-how and expertize already developed by established vendors
IHS Markit has been researching Drone Markets and Regulations since its infancy
– IHS Markit has been researching drone legislation across the World since its infancy and has a track record of delivering this information with in depth analyses to drone manufacturers, governments and other interested parties
– By interacting with aviation authorities we have mapped the current picture of UAV regulation in the top countries who are paving the way for commercial use of UAV’s in the future
– The following topics are the main issues which have yet to be answered by any aviation authority:
– Beyond Line of Sight operations
– Collision avoidance (DAA – detect and avoid) and its types
– UAV air space classification - altitude
– Wireless connectivity – spectrum bands, e.g. radar, video stream
COUNTRY* LEGISLATION IN PLACE
COMPLEXITY PRECONDITIONS
Argentina Yes Average HighAustralia Yes Average HighBrazil Yes Low LowCanada Yes Average AverageChina Yes High HighFrance Yes Low AverageIndia Yes - -Indonesia Yes High HighItaly Yes Average HighJapan Temporary Low AverageMexico Yes High AveragePoland Yes Average HighRussia Yes Average HighSouth Africa Yes High HighUnited States Yes High HighUnited Kingdom Yes Average High
Drone Usage – Industry Analysis (2017)Remaining Industries Covered
– Energy and Mining
– Finance
– Government, defence
– Retail
– Maritime
– Media
– Science + Research
– Space and Aeronautical
– Telecoms
– Transportation and logistics
Our industry research is reinforced by IHS Markit’s other areas of focus, outside of Technology. This knowledge has allowed us to assess the potential usefulness of UAV’s and likelihood that these vehicles becoming prominent in each of the listed industries
AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRYFeature IHS Markit ValuationTechnology strength HighApplications availability HighNumber of service providers High to LowPrice of models (flex) High to LowFuture potential Promising
AUTOMOTIVE AND AUTONOMOUS TRANSPORTATIONFeature IHS Markit ValuationTechnology strength Average to HighApplications availability AverageNumber of service providers LowPrice of models LowFuture potential Average to High
CONSTRUCTION, MAINTENANCE AND DEMOLITIONFeature IHS Markit ValuationTechnology strength HighApplications availability HighNumber of service providers HighPrice of models HighFuture potential Average (widely in place)
Safety has been the key topic for opening up new opportunities with DronesSafety is the key topic for regulators and vendors and comes up in every discussion with various industries looking at specific utilization of all features and advantages developed and developing technologies associated with drones
Most of organizations globally are trying to answer to these specific questions:
How to enhance flight autonomy?
How to provide automatic collision and accident avoidance?
When will the ability (and legislation supporting it) to operate in BVLOS operations emerge?
Is there a possibility for the UAVs to be embedded into the national airspace of countries without causing trouble or disrupting any ongoing operations?
Ensuring safety of beyond the line of sight flights is key factor to opening up new opportunitiesIHS Markit’s capabilities can be applied to various scenarios and research agendas:
– Highlighting the most influential research projects, and their industry applications, that have been concluded or are still ongoing across the globe aimed at ensuring implementation of UAVs into a wider airborne ecosystem with maximum efficiency and safety to all participants, e.g. MIDCAS, TCAS, LATAS and other research projects sponsored by DARPA, FAA or NASA amongst others
– Furthermore our deep roots within the drone industry enable us to understand the complexities of line of flight and what steps are still needed to verify that all participants can securely guarantee the safety of a large number of drone flights that would be conducted simultaneously in wide ranges and with no actual real time observation by human factor in field.
– IHS Markit consulted several Governments and decision makers on the state of drone BVLOS flying as well as their connectivity options either via terrestrial or satellite networks.
Top companies working on CA technologies
IHS Markit can offer details for these companies and their technologies such as:
– Sensors used for the DAA system (radar, camera, etc.)
– Detection distance of the DAA system
– Main detected objects of the DAA system (Manned aircraft, unmanned aircraft, obstruction(buildings, trees, etc.)). If main detected objects of the DAA system are manned aircraft or unmanned aircraft, what kind of features do they have? (size, weight, class, etc.)
– System dimensions
– Weight or class of the aircraft and feature of object targeted by the DAA system
– The detail of the airspace class or altitude targeted by the DAA system based on ICAO, International Civil Aviation Organization standards
– Type of system and its relationship with air traffic control or UTM
COMPANY CA SYSTEM
Echodyne MESA-DAAArbe Robotics Imaging radar systemDJI Flight AutonomyIntel RealSenseIris Automation Iris systemAerotenna SharpParrot SLAMdunk
European Detect & Avoid Project Case Study - MIDCASTechnology: The Detect and Avoid system tested, performs collision avoidance and traffic avoidance using data fusion for various combinations of the included detection technologies, i.e. the cooperative identification, friend or foe (IFF) interrogator and automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) equipment and the non-cooperative electro-optical, infrared and radar sensors, elements that collect the signals emitted by other aircraft with data on positioning, height, speed, etc. All of this information is processed, in turn, by the part of MIDCAS that is responsible for “avoidance”, estimating the paths followed by aircraft and deciding on whether the risk of collision exists and if an avoidance maneuver is required.
Year of implementation and Project’s duration: – 2009 – 2015
– Test flights conducted in 2015
– Currently those results are used to develop related technical standards
We monitor drone service providers across several industries (Energy inspection examples)DRONE OPERATOR PAST PROJECTS OUTCOME
Cyberhawk Live gas flare inspection using a UAS at a height of 100m for a major Scottish gas refinery
Fly a UAS within a few meters of the live flare providing highly detailed images of the condition of the flare tip and associated structure using HD video, still imagery and thermal imaging equipment
Cyberhawk Live offshore flare inspection using a UAS in the North Sea
UAS flied very close to the flare catching Live images; the results were discussed with the client’s engineers in real time
Sky-Futures A pre-shutdown UAS inspection to establish the integrity and condition of two of flare tips
Still video imagery taken were reviewed and assessed resulting to a detailed report; This has saved the company an estimated amount of more than US$4.5m
Landpoint 45 mile pipeline survey including quality control, preliminary routing survey & topographic survey, construction staking, pipeline-as-built survey
Reporting included incorporation of client’s data with own collection of all pipe attribution
Further examples of industries and applicationsTypes of infrastructure-based projects that already benefit from drone inspection and maintenance include:
– Distribution facilities – electrical lines and distribution centers, pipes and others
– Infrastructure projects – bridges and dams
– Power generation plants – indoor (boilers and chimney stacks) and outdoor (pipework, cooling towers, dams, wind turbines and grid equipment)
– Pipes and other aerial components in thermal plants and solar plants
– Inspection and maintenance of wind energy generators, and others
– Industrial plants with aerial facilities, including those in the oil, gas and chemical industries
– Offshore plants – offshore oil and gas facilities, oil-drilling platforms, offshore wind plants and wave generation
– Indoor aerial inspection and maintenance of big parts in manufacturing, for example, aeronautical manufacturing.
Type of applications and industries that may benefit from drones in the future include:
– Medical applications by offering a rapid response via drones in various emergency scenarios or regarding the delivery of first aid equipment and materials in isolated areas and scarce population
– First responses on disaster situations such as floods, hurricanes, earthquakes and others
– Taxi drones are a big bet for the future with large companies being keen on the project like Airbus
– Networking and connectivity issues could also be assisted with drones acting as receivers and transmitters in the sky
Data represents various buyer types
Global UAV Deployment CAGR 2015 – 2020
Consumer drone market is more established than professional services and thus the growth rate of deployment is lower than the professional use rate
Companies like DJI, Parrot and 3D Robotics have a significant market share as pioneers in the industry but low end Chinese manufacturers that offer highly competitive pricing terms are gaining ground
Connectivity of drones with other smart devices like watches, smartphones and tablets will open up new opportunities
Professional drone market will enjoy a much higher growth rate for the next years as it has already begun being adopted by various industries on a large scale. Agriculture, energy and construction industries will be the main catalysts behind that growth with other industries following
As for manufacturers, IHS Markit expects to see a lot of interest from various companies taking advantage of new technologies and having expertise in underserved segments and thus the current landscape will be altered significantly
Consumer drone market Professional drone market2015 CAGR 22.1% 2020 2015 CAGR 77.1% 2020
Consumer UAV Global Unit Shipments 2015–2020
Americas 2015: 866k 2020: 2.3M
Asia Pacific 2015: 717k 2020: 2.5M
Middle East North Africa 2015: 124k 2020: 201k
Europe 2015: 767 k 2020: 1.7 M
Professional UAV Global Unit Shipments 2015–2020
Americas 2015: 68k 2020: 1.1M
Asia Pacific 2015: 56k 2020: 1.2M
Middle East North Africa 2015: 14k 2020: 101k
Europe 2015: 60k 2020: 875k
IHS Markit’s Drone Research Coverage
TYPES OF DRONES
REGIONS COVERED
AMERICAS EUROPE MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA APAC
INDUSTRY SECTORS (16)
MAIN SEGMENTS
– Airships
– Balloons
– Fixed wing
– Multi Rotor
– Consumer
– Professional
– Agriculture & forestry
– Automotive & autonomous transportation
– Construction, maintenance & demolition
– Domestic uses
– Education
– Energy
– Finance
– Government, humanitarian, civic defense and rescue
– Hospitality, retail, hotel & restaurant
– Maritime, shipping, ports & docks
– Media & entertainment
– Medical & care
– Science, research & environment
– Space & aeronautical
– Telecommunications
– Transport & logistics system
– Others
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Learn morePrzemek Bozek
Associate Director – Research and Analysis, Service Provider Technology
Stelios Kotakis
Senior Research Analyst Service Provider Technology
@IHSMarkitTech technology.ihs.com
