Safe Systems of Work 2

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SAFE SYSTEMS OF WORK

PRESENTED BY

S. G. ZAMBA


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SAFE SYSTEMS OF WORK

Definition:

-Step by step procedure for carrying out atask safely.

It takes into account the following. risks and control measures

the equipment neededthe environmentemergencies

competence and skills of workers (training)


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Key elements of safe systems of work (SSW)

Plan systems in advance of the work Develop systems for all tasks including

isolated and non routine tasks.

Consider the disability or experience ofindividual workers.

consider behaviours (unsafe acts) ofworker.

Establish instructions and training forworkers.

Enforce all work instructions and

procedures.


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Developing Safe System of Work

Apply the following techniques to develop safesystem of work.

1. Job safety Analysis Conduct Job Safety Analysis (JSA) Apply MEEP concept Identify all possible hazards in each tasks

Analyze the hazards Develop safe procedures for each task Implement and enforce safe procedures

Monitor compliance with safe procedures


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2. Risk Assessment

Conduct Risk Assessment to evaluate allother risks e.g.

Criminal attackArsonViolenceRapeDrunkenness etc.


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3. Permits To Work (PTW)

- Documented control system requiringwritten confirmation.

- Ensures that control measures (activities)have been put in place before carrying outhigh risk jobs/work.


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Examples of High Risk Jobs/Activities Maintenance work on machinery

Work on electrical systems

Entry into confined places

Excavation work in areas where there areburied services (power cables, gas pipe

lines, cranes, etc)


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Hot work involving flames, sparks inareas where there are flammablematerials.

Work on or near overhead power cables,

Examples of High Risk Jobs/Activities Contd


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Operation of a Permit -to-WorkAn effective permit-to-work system will require: issue of the permit by a competentauthorized person.

receipt of the permit by a competentworker.

clearance of the permit by the competentworker and,

cancellation of the permit by the competentauthorized erson.


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Issue

This should: describe the task to be performed, e.g. entryinto a confined space.

indicate the duration and validity, e.g. timelimit.

identify the isolations that need to be made,e.g. disconnection and locking off ofelectrical, mechanical and chemical services

to a confined space.


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Identify additional precautions required,

e.g. testing and monitoring of the confinedspace atmosphere, any restrictions ontypes of activity, equipment, etc.,

emergency and rescue requirements, etc.,and

provide details and signature of theperson authorizing the work.

IssueContd


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Receipt

The individuals who will be carrying out thework should sign to confirm that they fully

understand the work required and will complywith the restrictions and the precautions to betaken.

The permit issuer should then communicatethe hazard and precautions to those involved inthe work activity.


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Clearance/ Return to Service

When the work is completed therecipient/s, should:

sign to that effect confirming thatoperations may be returned to normalservice, and

return their copy of the permit-to-work tothe issuer.


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Cancellation

The permit issuer should: check that the work is complete;

ensure that operations may be returned tonormal service, e.g. all isolations have beenremoved and the equipment is safe to

operate; and

Sign the permit off.


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Confined SpaceAny space of an enclosed nature where there

is a specified risk of various injury fromhazardous substances, conditions within ornearby.

Hazards Associated with Confined Space flammable gases flood water welding fume electricity cellars (underground room)

deep excavations


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Example of Confined Spaceenclosed drains

sewers silos, e.g. a grain store storage tanks (open or closed)

combustion chambers in furnaces, etc ductwork open-topped chambers unventilated or poorly ventilated rooms,

and vats (large containers)


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HAZARDS CONTROL TECHNIQUES INCONFINED SPACE

Avoid EntryAvoiding entry is the most effective way ofreducing risk. It may include the following: modify the confined space itself so that

entry is not necessary, have the work done from outside:- blockages can be cleared in silos by use of

remotely operated rotating flail devices,vibrators or air purges;

- inspection and sampling operations can often

be done from outside.


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Safe Work Procedures in Confined Spaces1. Avoid Entry modify the confined space so that entry is

not required.

Carry out the work outside in open spacee.g. clear blockages in silos by use ofremotely operated rotating flail devices,

vibrators or air purges.

Inspect and collect samples from outside.


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2. Entry into Confined Space

- Appoint experienced and trained worker- consider worker with right physique- Avoid workers with the following defects.

claustrophobia lack of sense of smellLack of fitness to wear P.P.E

Medical problems.

A i S i


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3. Appoint Supervisor

4. Isolate all mechanical, and electrical

equipment

5. Check size of entrance

6. Purge any gas contained inside

7. Clean before entry.

8. Test and monitor the atmosphere


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Other Safe Systems of Work

Emergency Procedures

Provide communications

Provide Rescue and Resuscitationequipment

Provide and train capable Rescuers Provide first aid facilities Establish first aids procedure Establish contact with Local Emergency

Services e.g. Police, Fire Services, NEMA

etc.


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THANK YOU

Documents

Safe Systems of Work 2