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Have you or your family member or assistant

ever experienced needle prick injury ?

What did you do?

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S

afe Injection Practices

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Objectives

page 3

At the end of this session, the participants will be

able to :

State four prevention measures of unsafe

injection(hand washing, disposal syringes, proper

disposal and decontamination)

Demonstrate proper usage of AD syringes

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Damage

Disease

Death

What are consequences of unsafe injection?

NOTE : Unsafe injection is harmful.

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How can be harmed by unsafe injection?

Patient to provider

Provider to patients

Provider to family

Health facility to community

?

?

?

?

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How can we prevent transmission of

diseases from patient to provider?

Take Precautions

Before

During

After

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Recapping

If recap, use one-hand method

page 7

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How can we prevent transmission of diseases

from providers to patients?

Hand washing

Use Disposable syringes and needles

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AD syringes

Auto destruct or disable

Solo shot

Advantages

Prevent reuse

Ensure sterility

Less pollution when

burned

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AD syringes

10

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Lets Practice with AD syringes!

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How can we prevent transmission of diseases

from health facility to community?

Safe Disposal of medical wastes especially sharps

How do you dispose medical waste?

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Do you use these materials for sharp

disposal?

page 13

Needle container for

decontamination

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Using Safety box

page 14

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Decontamination with Chemical

Reduce transmission of

infections by disposed

sharps

Can be done by using0.5% chlorine

Can use any puncture

resistant container such

as cans and water bottle

page 15

Needle container for

decontamination

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How can we make 0.5% chlorine?

From concentrated CL liquid

Parts of water to dilute =

Concentrated % - 1

0.5

From bleaching powder

Gram of powder in 1 L of water

0.5 * 1000

Concentrated %

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If an exposure occurs;

Wash needle stick site with soap and water

Irrigate with clean water or saline

Test for HIV as baseline

PEP?

Type of exposure Risk

SexNeedle stick

Mucous membrane

Intact skin

0.3%0.3%

0.09%

Not precisely quantified

Ippolito G et al. Arch Intern Med 1993; 153:1451-8

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Post-exposure Prophylaxis

page 19

When to initiate?

Hong long to be taken?

How many PEP regimen?

72 2 28

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Type of exposure

Mucous membrane Intact skin Skin penetration

Volume Severity

Small

1 minutes

Less severe

Solid needle

Superficial

More severe

Bore needle

Deep

Low risk Intermediate risk High riskIntermediate risk

No PEP

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How to recommend?

Low risk

Intermediate risk

High risk

Recommended for PEP

No

Yes

Yes

Not recommended

Basic regimen

Expanded regimen

Basic regimen: 2 ART drugs

Expanded regimen: 3 ART drugs

AZT + 3TC

AZT + 3TC + EFV

d4T + 3TCor

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Take Home Message

AD syringes are internationally recommended

Recapping can injure you.

Use safety box if possible

Decontamination can help to prevent infection spread

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Thank You!

page 23