Saawariya (Draft Working Copy)

8/9/2019 Saawariya (Draft Working Copy)

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Cex|zlam~ :822 Boo Zlam~s Zdsdzwdn

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txek ~md ~bjodbt eg ~l`d ql~m ~md joeen bkn ~dbzs eg etz cmlonzdk+,


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ll

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boo je| qme odbzks olgd!s ~etam odsseks bs md azeqs tx ~e jdce`d b CLB

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xd lk ~md mtsmdn ~zbkrtlol~| eg xdbcd+ Jbsdn ek ~md ~ztd s~ez| eg b |etka `bk

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lw

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ef 2 Od S|s~`d sd Njzetloodz++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 24

bx~dz 2 @ekfd| Jbs~dzn +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 24

bx~dz : Floolka ^md Ce`xd~l~lek ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ::

Xezf+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ :1

bx~dz > Jloold Idbk+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ >>

bx~dz 4 Ieds Azbntb~lek++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++


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4

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sbwezlka ~m

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ceton sodd

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Zbn`lob qbs

l~m ob|ewdzs lk Oeknek bkn @esceq/ l~ qbs b oeka ~zlx gze` ~md Tkl~dn

b~ds ~e Bo`b~|+ Bo~metam L qbs ~lzdn/ L qbs wdz| xodbsdn ~e sdd mdz qbwlka

etam ~md qlkneq jd|ekn ~md sdctzl~| jbzzldzs bs L kdae~lb~dn ~md L``lazb~lek

n Cts~e`s cetk~dzs+

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dzd ~ead~mdz+ Bo~metam | gez~tkd qbs ke~ stgglcldk~ ~e jt| dwdz|

`bk L `d~ b .3/888 dksd`jod/ L mbn ~e bn`l~ Atccl kdwdz oeefdn se aeen+

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l~lka++

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^md q


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7

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mbwd ~e sl~

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sb~lb~lek+ ^

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jen|+

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jzblk/ o

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z cmbz`lka bootzd+

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dodwb~ez+ ^md obs~ ~l`d s

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fddx ~md nb| sl`xod+ Bg~dz qd ae ~e ~md `tsd` L qbk~ ~e ae ~e ~md


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1

~dxxds bkn ~blabs eg Dbs~dzk Dtzexd/ gze` ~md Cbsxlbk Sdb ~e ~md

tk~blks eg Cdk~zbo Bslb+ Bk dsxdclboo| lk~dzds~lka d}mljl~ ~zldn ~e cbx~tzd ~md

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kb

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jdbt~lgto/ q `ds+ ^md tsdt`

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it

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8 xdz nb|+ B`bylka+ B ~b}l zlnd ~bflka boo eg >4 `lkt~ds gze` ~md blzxez~ ~e `|

`d lk ^d}bs ces~ .2:4+

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aolsm lk ndzdzdkcd ~e d/ lks~dbn

t fkeq ~md kb~lekbo tsd`5 smd bsfdn+

`lob bkn L dk~dzdn ~md Cdk~zbo S~b~d @tsdt` eg ~md Zdxtjolc eg

ml~d bzjod jtlonlka ql~m jotd aobss bzcmds bkn ne


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=

boo lk ~mdlz zdodk~odss bzcm ~e ~md sdb+ Ob~dz/ Fbzbsmbmz mezsds qdzd

dk~ bs ~zljt~d ~e ~md l`xdzlbo cetz~ b~ Xdflka6 Cmlkdsd cbwboz| qdzd

tno| ètk~dn txek ~md`+ ^mdsd qdzd s~zeka bkl`bos/ ~mlz~ddk ez getz~ddk

kns mlam/ ql~m xeqdzgto cmds~s bkn kdcfs/ obzad meefkesdn mdbns bkn s~tzn|/

bwlo| `tscodn odas6 ~md| mbn b wdz| gbs~ abl~ bkn ceton dkntzd ~md zlaezs eg

xxd ~zbwdo gez nb|s b~ b ~l`d ql~m ol~~od blk~dkbkcd+ md| qdzd sxdclboo| jzdn

cbzz| ~md gldzcds~ qbzzlezs ~md qezon mbs dwdz sddk lk~e jb~~od+

^md xzetn Bnbl qe`dk/ zlnlka Fbzbsmbmz mezsds/ qdzd xzlydn bs ètk~dn

mdzs lk ~md bz`| eg Fmbk/ bkn Fmbk!s stccdssezs+ Gez mtknzdns eg |dbzs/ ~md|

sxbclets `tsdt`/ Zbn`lob qbs d}cl~dn ~e sdd ~md `tsdt` mbn b zdxolcb eg b

wloo

Oeef Sxtn/ ~mls ls b wloobad gze` `| ~zljd/ smd aoddgtoo| d}cobl`dn qmlod

xelk~lka ~e

eg

me

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bzd |et gze 5 L bsfdn+

z bs smd xzetno| bksqdzdn/ Bnbl+

Bnb

je~m mezsd

mezsd jzdn gze` ~md s~tzn| s~ecf eg Fbzbsmbmz/ boeka ~md kez~m dnad eg bfob

@bfbk nds

don

Fb

qm m Dtzexd/ xloobalka bkn nds~ze|lka/ sxzdbnlka gdbz bkn ndb~m/

cekrtdzlka

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mb

md

s~d

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bad gze` ~md azdb~ Fbmk n|kbs~|+

b ceoodc~lek eg gtzcewdzdn mt~s+ S~bknlka et~slnd ~md neezs ~e sdwdzbo

~md mt~s qdzd wdz| l`xzdsslwd oeeflka mezsds bnd eg xobs~lc bkn zdbo

zsdmblz+

ê `d/ l~

`

Zbn`lob s~een dwdk ~bood

l+ Smd zlnds ~md qlknsqdx~/ jbzzdk s~dxxds eg Bslb ek b s~zeka mezsd/

bkn qe`bk ndscdkndn gze` ~md sbwbad cekrtdzezs eg Dtzexd6 ~md

dz~6 bkn ~md qe`bk jzdn gze` ~md s~ecf eg Bnbl/ Adkamls Fmbk!s

ds~ sek+

^md Fbzbsmbmz mezsds qdzd oeka xzlydn ~mzetamet~ Bslb bkn Cmlkb+

zbsmbmz mezsds qdzd ~md s~bknbzn ètk~ eg @ekaeolbk cbwboz|/ ~md cbwboz|

e sqdx~ ~mzeta


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ceton s~loo s~bj `d lk ~md mdbz~ olfd b ceon lcd xlcf bkn se`d~l`ds/ lg ke ekd qbs

bze

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tkn/ ~md `dèz| ceton `bfd ~md ~dbzs goeq olfd b zlwdz eg sezzeq/ nzeqklka

lk ~md lk~dksd azldg L gdo~/ dwdk bg~dz boo ~mdsd |dbzs+

L qbk~dn ~e sb| se`d~mlka ~e `| jdoewdn qlgd qme` L oewdn jd

ezns ~e ndsczljd+ L qbk~dn ~e ~doo mdz L oewdn mdz wdz| `tcm/ ql~m boo `|

bz~ bkn seto/ dwdk ql~m `| olgd+ L qbk~dn ~e ~bfd mdz lk `| bz`s bkn qmlsxdz

dd~ qezns eg bggdc~lek+ L qbk~dn ~e ~doo mdz qd qeton jd ~ead~mdz lk oewd gze`

~l`d tk~lo ~md dkn eg ~l`d+ Jt~/ ~l`d qbs xbssdn qmdk stcm qezns qeton jd

bklkagto/ bk|èzd+ Smd oeka bae ndclndn ~e ~zbwdo b nlggdzdk~ xb~m+

Smd `b| cek~lktd ~e olwd b olgd eg odlstzd bkn mbxxlkdss bg~dz s~dbolka ~md

kd|/ jt~ smd smeton fkeq ~mls ql~met~ netj~9 cmlonzdk xb| gez ~md slks eg ~mdlz

tz cmlonzdk qloo xb| gez mdz slks+ L fkeq ~mls jdcbtsd boo `| olgd L mbwd

ln gez ~md slks eg `| xbzdk~s+ Qd fkeq qmb~ smd ablkdn qmdk smd jd~zb|dn

bkn slkkdn j| soddxlka ql~m | zlcm gb~mdz/ ~mdzdj| ablklka mls gez~tkd+ Keq/

doo |et qmb~ smd oes~+


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24

Jeef 2 Od S|s~`d sd Njzetloodz

Cmbx~dz 2 @ekfd| Jbs~dzn

L` aekkb floo |b" \b ol~od jbs~dzn/ Gzbkf nztkfdko| sczdb`dn+

Sxt

B j

lkbtsxlclets nb|+ Gzbkf qbs b dbk/ nztkf/ bjtslwd s~dxgb~mdz qme mb~dn mls

s~dxcmlonzdk+ Jt~/ mls s~dxcmlonzdk qdzd ke d}cdx~lek+ Md mb~dn dwdz|ekd md

cb`d lk~e

ek

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è

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tk

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bad gez b s

n nln ke~ netj~ gez ekd sdcekn Gzbkf qbs bs aeen bs mls qezn+

ds~lbo s~dxgb~mdz ztndo| mezkdn mls qb| lk~e Sxtns |etka olgd ekd wdz|

cek~bc~ ql~m+ L~ qbs tkfkeqk qme md mb~dn ~md ès~/ gez mb~d qbs ~md

o| dè~lek md dwdz d}mljl~dn+ B wlod sl} gee~ Gzbkf jzetam~ tkqbk~dn mb~d ql~m

qmdzdwdz md wdk~tzdn+ Xzlez ~e ~md loogb~dn nb| Gzbkf s~bz~dn nb~lka mls

~mdz/ Sxtn mbn kdwdz fkeqk mb~d+ L~ qbs ~e jdce`d ~md qezs~ eg ~l`ds+

Sxtns gb~mdz bjbknekdn mls cmlonzdk ~md |dbz Sxtn qbs jezk+ Sxtn ceton

kds~o| sb| md kdwdz fkdq b gb~mdzs oewd jt~/ ~mls gbc~ nln ke~ `bfd ml` mb~d

a/ ez bk|ekd/ kez nln l~ `bfd bk|ekd mb~d Sxtn+ Sxtn qekndzdn b~ ~l`ds

b~ b olgd ql~m b oewlka gb~mdz qeton jd olfd jt~/ b~ stcm b |etka bad md qbsalwd/ gezad~/ ~mdk ae gddn ~md olwds~ecf+ Kexd/ md kdwdz fkdq mb~d

~lo Gzbkf dk~dzdn mls ~dkndz/ |etka olgd+

Qmlod Gzbkf qbs nb~lka mls è~mdz/ md `bnd b mbogmdbz~dn b~~d`x~ ~e

d mls ~ztd kb~tzd gze` mls gt~tzd qlgd bkn s~dxcmlonzdk+ Jt~ ~mdzd qdzd ~l`ds

dk md oes~ qmb~ ol~~od cek~zeo md ceton `ts~dz ewdz mls dè~leks bkn mls

lez zdwdz~dn ~e l~s ~ztd sdog+ Qmdk ~mesd |doolka/

ds qdzd txek ~md gb`lo|/ mbwec zdlakdn stxzd`d6

`boo je| qme eko| qbk~dn ~e jd b aeen fln/ eccbslekboo| ad~ b xb~ ek


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27

~md mdbn/ mbwd se`d gtk/ bkn odbzk bs `tcm bs md ceton+ Sxtn qbs b sxekad

bk

tn ql~m b 3838

cboljdz zlgod

lk

wd

ztk

tx+ Bkaz|

Gz

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fkecfdz+

Sxt

jd md qbs ke~ rtl~d ~mdzd qmdk md mdbzn ~md jtood~ czbcf jdslnd mls

zla dbz+ Md qbs sxbzdn sdzlets lkitz|/ ez ndb~m/ eko| qmdk mls gtzlets è~mdz

cb`d ztkk

dod

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dw

Gz n fkdq qmb~ ndb~m qbs+ Md s~een ewdz ~md olgdodss

jenlds eg s

oee

scz

eon

j|

n oewdn ~e odbzk/ ctzlets bjet~ dwdz|~mlka md sbq+

Ntzlka ekd eg ~mesd cz|lka ~l`ds/ b nztkf Gzbkf sme~ b~ Sx

+ Sxtn qbs xob|lka lk ~md sbkn| nzlwdqb| tkndz ~md eon cdnbz ~zdd its~

gzek~ eg ~md zbkcm metsd+ Slkcd wdmlcods xbzfdn ~mdzd/ ~md sbkn| oeb` selo qbs

z| oeesd bkn `bnd b kb~tzbo sbknje} gez b s`boo je| ~e xob| lk+

Ekd nb|/ Gzbkf cb`d sxddnlka tx ~e ~md metsd/ kbzzeqo| bwelnlka

klka ewdz b sczb`jolka Sxtn ~z|lka ~e ad~ et~ eg ~md qb| eg Gzbkfs kdq xlcf

jdcbtsd Sxtn qbs xob|lka lk ~md bzdb qmdzd md lk~dkndn ~e xbzf/

bkf exdkdn ~md ~ztcf neez bkn s~tcf et~ mls 3838 cboljdz zlgod/ ob|lka l~ bczess

xlcftx meen/ ~md dkbclka jobcf jbzzdo xelk~dn b~ Sxtns mdbn+

\dq jd~~dz ztk gdz |ezd olgd cbzsd L` aekkb floo |dq" \dq ol~od ~tzn

n sczb`jodn bs gbs~ bs md ceton ~e ad~ jdmlkn ~md obzad cdnbz ~zdd its~

mlkn ml` jt~/

m~

lka gtoo sxddn gze` ~md gzek~ xezcm bkn ml~ ~md zlgod jbzzdo olfd b jtoo

xmbk~ gdbzodsso| cmbzalka bk exxekdk~ b~ ~md d}bc~ è`dk~ Gzbkf xtoodn ~md

adz b sdcekn ~l`d+

Sxtn mbn aekd srtlzzdo mtk~lka ql~m Gzbkf b cetxod eg ~l`ds jdgezd ~md

zzlbad bkn fkdq Gzbkf ceton ml~ b èwlka srtlzzdo mlam tx lk b xdcbk ~zdd

dk bg~dz nzlkflka s~zblam~ gze` ~md je~~od b cekslndzbjod bètk~ eg qmlsfd|+

e` ~mdsd d}xdzldkcds/ Sxt

rtlzzdos Gzbkf sme~ ~mdk qb~cmdn bs Gzbkf sflkkdn ~md`+ Lg md ~zldn ~e

f bqb|/ Gzbkf qeton ctzsd ml` gez jdlka b ceqbzn bkn qezsd/ b slss|+

Qmdk Sxtn sbq ~md 3838 jbzzdo xelk~lka b~ ml` bkn mdbzn Gzbkf

db`lka/ Sxtn fkdq md qbs bjet~ ~e nld/ dwdk ~metam md qbs eko| sl} |dbzs

+ Gez b jzldg lks~bk~ md qbs bgzbln/ jt~ ~md gddolka qbs godd~lka/ ~e jd zdxobcdn

b gddolka eg cbo`6 b gddolka eg cbo` bccdx~bkcd eg b sl~tb~lek md kdl~mdz ceton


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21

cek~zeo/ kez bo~dz lk bk| `bkkdz+ Md ceton eko| èwd bs gbs~ bs mls sl} |dbz eon

oda

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s~bknlka zd

bk

cb

nnb`k nztkf jbs~bzn"

Gze dq gdbz bablk bkn md kdwdz

fkdq bk| bggdc~lek gez mls wlod s~dxgb~mdz+

Qm

bk d md gdo~ d`xeqdzdn6 md

gdo~ s~zeka+

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fk

jt

jze

slj

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weotk~ddzd

xe

ql

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dw

s ceton xzexdo ml` bs md nenadn jdmlkn ~md cdnbz ~zdd+

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n cboodn ml` ~md eko| jbn qezns md fkdq/ qezns md mbn mdbzn e~mdz xdexod

oo ml`+

\et ae

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dk Sxtn ~metam~ bjet~ ~md `b~~dz/ md ~metam~ md mbn cekgzek~dn Sb~bk

n cboodn ml` b jbn kb`d6 bkn md s~loo olwdn/ ~mdzdgez

B~ ~md è`dk~ eg lks~bk~ gdbz qmdk Gzbkf glzs~ xelk~dn ~md zlgod b~ ml`/

s~zeka mbkn eg Aen zds~lka txek mls smetondz bkn md lkkb~do| fkdq

~ ce`gez~lka mbkn qeton xze~dc~ ml` gez ~md zds~ eg mls olgdd}cdx~ qmdk Gzbkf

ecfdn ml` et~ eg ~md `tojdzz| ~zdd ekd nb| b cetxod eg qddfs ob~dz+ Aen qbs

s| ~mb~ nb| bkn Mls mbkn nln ke~ cb~cm Sxtn jdgezd md ml~ ~md azetkn mbzn bkn

fd mls zlam~ bz`+

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olkas qdzd xob|lka jbsdjboo lk ~md |bzn b~ ~md slnd eg ~md zbkcm metsd+ B sejdz

kf/ ~z|lka ~e ndèks~zb~

lonzdk/ stxxesdno| ~e xze

n ~e jd ~md xl~cmdz+ Ke jen| qbk~dn ~md idzf lk ~md ab`d jt~ boo qdzd

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olkas cmbsdn ~md go| bkn azetkn jboos+ Gzbkfs xl~cmlka qbs gblz bkn ès~ eg ~md

cmds zdsto~dn lk ml~s+

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ssdn+ Keq Sxtn qbs b aeen ml~~dz/ dwdk b~ ~mls |etka bad+ Md xob|dn jbsdjboo

dz| cmbkcd md ceton+ Bkn md xob|dn mbznjboo/ ke~ seg~jboo+ Ek ~md sdcekn xl~cm/


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2=

b nd~dz`lkdn Sxtn s`bcfdn ~md mbznjboo seoln/ fkecflka b olkd nzlwd zlam~ gez

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md

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Se

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col` / eg gztl~+ @tcm eg

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Gz

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~l`ls~lc xdzsek ceton bsslak bk| zdbo lk~dk~lekboo| kdab~lwd dbklka/ ez

zxesd/ ~e ~md olkd nzlwd+ @es~ qme cekslndzdn ~md dwdk~ b~~zljt~dn ~md olkd nzlwd

bk bcclndk~+

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dzsd ~e cdodjzb~lka b

d gbs~ èwlka mbznjboo ml~ Gzbkf ek ~md gezdmdbn jdcbtsd mls bocemeo

nndk jzblk qbs ~ee soeqèwlka/ dl~mdz ~e bnwlsd ~md mbkn ~e èwd mls aoewd

~e xze~dc~ mls gbcd/ ez ~ee sl`xo| èwd mls gbcd et~ eg ~md jboos ~zbidc~ez|+

Qmdk Sxtn sbq ~md mbznjboo s`bcf Gzbkf ek ~md gezdmdbn/ md s~exxdn

klka ~e glzs~ jbsd bkn s~bz~dn obtamlka+ md atggbqs qdzd ce`lka lk sxbs`s/

a Sxtn ewdz+ Gzbkfs gbcd bsst`dn ~md oeef eg b `bk ql~m b ztx~tzdn

qbs bjet~ ~e dztx~ ~mzetam mls kes~zlos+ e Sxtns azdb~ ceks~dzkb~lek/

sbq weob~lod Gzbkf s~bz~ ztkklka ~eqbzn ml`+ L~ nln ke~ zdrtlzd b adklts ~e

tzd et~ Gzbkf lk~dkndn se`d sdwdzd jenlo| mbz`/ eg b wdz| tkxodbsbk~ flkn+

Sxtn ~eef egg ztkklka lk ~md exxesl~d nlzdc~lek+

Bjet~ glg~| gdd~ bqb| s~een b `b~tzd `tojdzz| ~zdd+ L~ qbs b gztl~dn

ojdzz| ~zdd+ ^md gztl~odss flkn nln ke~ d}ls~ b~ ~mls ~l`d+ Sxtn qbs b ~zdd

jdz xbz d}cdoodkcd/ zdabznodss eg ~md xzdsdkcd/ ez bjsdkcd

smez~ olgd qbs sxdk~ col`jlka ~md ~zdds bzetkn ~md zbkcm met

e` dkie|lka ~md gztl~s ~md ~zdds eggdzdn qmdk lk sdbsek+ Sxtn mbn

`jdn ~e ~md wdz| ~ex eg ~mb~ 78 gee~ ~boo `tojdzz| ~zdd ek kt`dzets eccbsleks/

m~lka egg ~md jotd ib|s ~e ad~ mls gblz smbzd eg ~md sqdd~ ~bs~lka `tojdzzlds+

Sxtn godq ~eqbzn ~md ~zdd bs gbs~ bs mls ol~~od odas ceton cbzz| ml` ql~m

bkf lk me~ xtzstl~+ Gez~tkb~do|/ Sxtn mbn dketam eg b mdbn s~bz~ md zdbcmdn

d sbgdo|/ sczb`jolka tx l~ bs gbs~ bs mls ol~~od èkfd|bss ceton ~bfd ml`+

bkf qbs zlam~ jdmlkn/ ~metam/ col`jlka ~md ~zdd boès~ bs gbs~ bs Sxtn+


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2

Kbq/ Jtcf bkn Bm bzdk~ gzldkns+

Lg |et qloo ne ~mls/ Gzbkf/ L cbk xze`lsd ~mdzd qloo jd ke lkwds~lab~lek+ Jt~/

|et `ts~ n

Qm| neds ~md itnad qbk~ Jtcf ndbn5

L` d qbk~s ~md itnad+

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eg ~md qb|

en st` eg

è d| ~e mbwd lk mls xecfd~/ dsxdclboo| lg @bz| nln ke~ fkeq md mbn ~md èkd|+

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~md ekd|

ce

L mbwd b xls~eo lk `| cbz ~mb~ ls tk~zbcdbjod+ L qbk~ |et ~e tsd ~md xls~eo

bkn smee~ ml` odbwd ke ~zbcd d}cdx~ gez

mls sftoo/ s ~md cmds~+

Qd

Xb

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jd `lam~o| a

e L ne l~ ql~m mls qlgd bzetkn5

e l~ ~md qb| L ~doo |et+

ke~ stzd jt~ L ~mlkf md qbk~s Jtcfs qlgd bkn sm

d

/ ~md| cbk ad~ `bzzldn bg~dz b ndcdk~ ~l`d+

Gzbkf qbs xdkslwd gez b gdq è`dk~s+ .2/888 qeton jd b ae

k

md f

` qeton jd jd~~dz sxdk~ ek qmlsfd| bkn ~md cetxod eg qmezds lk ~md

tk~|+

Meq |dq qbk~ `d ~e ne l~/ Smdzlgg5

lk mls mea xdk+ ^md meas qloo db~ ml` bkn

e ne ke~ smee~ ml` lk ~md mdbn+ Smee~ ml` lk

oo/ ~mb~ setkns xtz~~| aeen/ jt~ qmt~ jet~ mls qlgd5 Qmt~s mdz kb`d5

~s|5

zb~dgto+

Meq n


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:4

Nek~ qezz| bjet~ mdz+ ^md itnad sbln md qeton ~doo mdz ~e ae wlsl~ mdz

zdob~lwds lk

odb

Efb|/ Bmoo ne l~+ Qmdkoo bm al~ bm ekd|5

Qm bkn wdzlg| md

ls l ~md mea xdk+ ^mdk L qloo jzlka ~md èkd| ~e |et+ Efb| Gzbkf/ od~s smbfd

mbkns ek l~

n ~e ce`d ~e mls sdksds è`dk~bzlo| bs md azbsxdn ~md

Sm zlggs mbkn+ Lgk |dq gtcf `d ek ~mls ndbo/ Bm` ce`lka bg~dz |dq/ Gzbkf

~mz b~dkdn

md g gez bjet~ ~dk |dbzs/ md mbn kdwdz glzdn mls atk b~ bke~mdz

mt bk+ Dwdk lk ~md nbzfkdss eg ~md jbzk/ ~md Smdzlgg ceton nd~dc~ ~md mbzn aolk~ lk

Gz fs d|

è

ae

db

Gzb

qd

~md kn Gzbkf+ ^md ~qe flns fkdq qmb~ `tzndz qbs+ Nlbkd cobsxdn

Sx ~lam~/ srtddylka l~ mbzn+

Bzfbksbs gez b cetxod eg qddfs+ \et smee~ ml` ~md nb| bg~dz smd

wds bkn ~mb~ qloo alwd ~md meas ~l`d ~e db~ ml` jdgezd smd zd~tzks+

dk |et ~doo `d |et mbwd sme~ ml`/ L qloo nzlwd j| mls xobcd

k

+

Gzbkf sdd`d

d

d +

^md Smdzlgg qbs s~bz~odn+ Md qbs ~bfdk bjbcf j| Gzbkfs ~mzdb~+ Bo~metam

mbn jddk Smdzlg

`

bk ds bkn gddo ~md ceon jzdb~m txek mls mdbz~+ Md nln ke~ netj~ gez b

`dk~ Gzbkf qbs sdzlets+

^md Smdzlgg exdkdn mls mbkn bkn ql~mnzdq l~+ Nek~ qezz|/ Gzbkf+ L~ qloo

its~ olfd L ~eon |et+ Its~ nek~ smee~ Jtcf lk ~md mdbn slkcd ~md meas qloo ke~

~ l~+

kf bkn ~md Smdzlgg jdabk qboflka et~ ~md jbzk/ ~boflka bjet~ ~md

b~mdz+ Sxtn bkn Nlbkd mbn zd`blkdn rtld~ ntzlka ~md cekwdzsb~lek jd~qddk

Smdzlgg b

bz`tns


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:7

Sxtn qmlsxdzdn/ \etzd mtz~lka d+ Bs md ~zldn ~e xtoo bqb| gze` Nlbkd/

smd mdon e

Sxtn/ ols~dk ~e `d+ \et cbk~ sb| bk|~mlka ~e bk|ekd+ Lg Gzbkf ez

~md Smdzlgg keq q

\e

s~bkn+ Xodbsd od~ ae eg `| bz`+ \etzd mtz~lka `d/

Sxtn czldn zetam ~md ~dbzs jdalkklka ~e gboo bczess mls |etka cmddfs+

cdz~blk md fdx~ mls `et~m smt~+

qd bzd je~m ndbn/ Nlbkd

d`x

k dwdk ~lam~dz+

f d ewdzmdbzn ~md` ~boflka bjet~ floolka Jtcf/ ~md| qloo floo ts+

t tkndzs~bkn5

Efb| Nlbkd+ L tkndz

~m

Nlbkd cbs~ Sxtn b mbzn aobkcd lk~dkndn ~e lk~l`lnb~d ml` bkn bfd

Nek~ |et dwdz/ dwdz/ ~doo bk|ekd ez

mbslydn/ ~md gdbz dwlndk~ lk mdz welcd+


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:1

ka sdwdk gdd~ bjewd azetkn+ ^md cezzbo zblos gez`dn getz dwdko|

s bkn qdzd `bnd gze` ~md sb`d ~qe lkcm ebf xobkfs bs ~md jbzk+

C

Cèk Sxtn" Ied smet~dn+ ^l`d ~e gddn ~md ceqs+ Al~ |ezd sczbqk| jt~~

èwlk"

L` bce`lk/ Sxtn |doodn jbcf+

Sxt bfgbs~ jdgezd ztsmlka gze`

~md ~bjod ~e ~md jbcf xezcm+ Md mtzzldno| skb~cmdn mls aoewds gze` ~md qboo meef/

jbzdo| xbt

gzb

qb

md tx jdslnd ~md abzbad ~md klam~ jdgezd+ Md s~bz~dn ~md eon ~ztcfbkn ~md jbzk/ nzlwlka ~md ~ztcf ~mzetam ~md exdk neezs bkn `lnqb|

neqk ~md j

ne

xob dn b eke~ekets azd|+ md jbzk neezs qdzd

gzb`dn gze

db

`loflka ze

ql

me

ab

ce

bkn s~bknl

sxbcdn olkd

mbx~dz 3 Zblklka Xezf

n rtlcfo| aejjodn ~md obs~ gdq jl~ds eg jzd

slka oeka dketam ~e exdk ~md sczddk neez/ boès~ ~mzeqlka mls sflkk|

`d ~mzetam ~md sczddk bs md ztsmdn ~e ~md jbzk+ Md nln ke~ qbk~ ~e fddx Ied

l~lka+

Ied qbofdn et~ ~md gzek~ neez bkn bzetkn ~e ~md slnd eg ~md metsd qmdzd

odg~ ~md xlcfnzewd l~ ~e

bzk bood|+

^md s~tzn| jbzks bood| qbs ezldk~dn lk bk dbs~qds~ nlzdc~lek bkn mbn

tjod mtka sqlka neezs ek je~m dkns+ ^md jbzks ~qe lkcm ~mlcf je}dn ebf

kf smdb~mlka qbs qdb~mdz

` ~md sb`d je}dn ebf xobkfs+ md getknb~lek qbs ~md mbzn xbcfdn

z~m cewdzdn lk mb| s~zbq bkn bktzd+ md jbzk mbn b ~bcf zee`/ mezsd s~boos/

e`/ cbzzlbad bood|/ b gddn bkn `lscdoobkdets s~ezbad zee`/ bkn b oeg~

~m b mb| neez gez ad~~lka mb| lk~e bkn et~ eg ~md jbzk b~ dbcm dkn eg ~md jbzk+

^md cezzbo qbs ek ~md set~m slnd eg ~md jbzk+ L~ qbs stgglcldk~o| obzad ~e

on ql~met~ czeqnlka ~qdk~| mezsds+ Lk ~md cezkdz coesds~ ~e ~md metsd s~een b

owbklydn 488 abooek s~ecf ~bkf tsdn gez qb~dzlka olwds~ecf qmdk fdx~ lk ~md

zzbo+ md cezzbo xes~s qdzd dlam~ lkcm srtbzd xes~s sd~ getz gdd~ lk ~md azetkn


30/224


:=

^md jbzk qbs bjet~ :88 gdd~ gze` ~md zdbz eg ~md metsd+ Gbz dketam ~e

fddx ~md j

jb

St

s~b

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nb

dbzo| s~bz~+

ab

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wd

xb

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lk

sm

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zk bkn cezzbo qdzd jtlo~ bjet~ ~md sb`d ~l`d bs ~md zbkcm metsd/ bzetkn 2 gdd~ ~boo lk ~md èzd gdz~lod

bzdbs eg ~md zbkcm bkn b adk~od qlkn jodq/ tstboo| gze` ~md qds~/ ~md obkn oeefdn

olfd l~ qbs nbkclka bs ~md jotdazddk azbss sqb|dn jbcf bkn gez~m lk mbzèk|

ql wd ~md~m ~md obkn bkn ~e ~md `doen| eg ~md qlkn+ ^md sqb|lka azbss ab

bxxdbzbkcd b ames~ zlndz qbs xbsslka ~mzetam/ ql~m mls qlnd bz`s et~s~zd~cmdn

xtsmlka ~md azbss ewdz+ ^mdzd qbs bk boès~ lkbtnljod qmlsxdz bs ~md azbss

abwd b ~l`dodss welcd ~e ~md qlkn+ L~ qbs b xdzgdc~ mbzèk| eg obkn/ azbss/ bkn


31/224


:88 |dbzs eon/ smdn ~mdlz odbwds bkn `bk| getkn ~mdlz qb| lk~e ~md


34/224


3:

/ oecb~dn qmdzd etz zbkcm metsd qbs jtlo~+ Mdz jze~mdzs mbn lkmdzl~dn

knlka obkn bzetkn ~md zbkcm metsd bkn smd mbn lkmdzl~dn b s`boo xldcd

~md gbz qds~dzk slnd eg ~md ezlalkbo zbkcm nddndn lk 2=1: ~e Sxtns azdb~

kb~tzbo l}~tzd eg weob~lod ce`xetkns sdd`dn ezd bnnlc~lka ~mbk bk| bk

`b

cze

slk

~e

s Ied s~bz~dn ~md xlcftx gezqbzn Neze~m| bkn Nlbkb/ sls~dzs

jd~qddk ~m

qbwlka ~e a

cb

lek gez

s~e xlka ml +

zdxoldn+

Bs seek bs ~md ~qe alzos qdzd sdb~dn ek dl~mdz slnd eg Sxtn ek ~md

~bloab~d/ Ie ~dn egg gez ~md glzs~ xbs~tzd its~ bczess ~md

@etk~blk Czddf czesslka+

Btk

ex

oec badn cb~~od ek ~mdlz s`boo zbkcm+ L~ qbs ezd

~mbk getz `

egg qmdk m

~e

lk ~

jd

ew xbwlka ce`xbk| bccdss ~e ~md ezlalkbo zbkcm

me`ds~

~md stzzet

ek

nd bocemeojbsdn xzentc~+ Sxtn boqb|s dkie|dn xbsslka ~mzetam ~md czddf

sslka bkn sbwezlka ~md sxdclbo bze`b eg ~md obkn qmdzd md qbs jezk+ Ql~m ~md

alka azbss bkn ~md sqdd~ bze`b zlslka gze` ~md czddf/ l~ sdd`dn olfd mdbwdk

ml`+

Its~ b

d bads eg Ied bkn Sxtn/ cb`d ztkklka et~ eg ~md metsd/ smet~lka bkn

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`d ztkklka jzdb~modsso| ~e ~md nzlwdzs slnd eg ~md ~ztcf+

Qdzd aelk ~e Btk~lds ~mls `ezklk/ Neze~m| eggdzdn lk d}xobkb~

x

Mex ek/ Ied

d od~ et~ ~md cot~cm bkn s~bz

~ld olwdn b~ Cbxxs Cezkdz+ Oeka bae smd bkn mdz mtsjbkn eqkdn bkn

dzb~dn b ce`jlkdn abseolkd s~b~lek bkn azecdz| s~ezd b~ md Cezkdz/ bs ~md

bos cboodn l~+ Keq ~md| its~ `bk

lods ~e Btk~lds gze` ~md zbkcm metsd+ J| zlnlka ql~m Ied bkn ad~~lka

d qbs gbz~mds~ gze` ~md metsd/ ~md alzos ct~ neqk ~md nls~bkcd ~md| mbn

qbof j| `ezd ~mbk mbog+

Btk~ld qeton nzlwd ~md` jbcf ~e ~md jezndz jd~qddk ~md ~qe zbkcmds ob~dz

md dwdklka+ Btk~ld olfdn ~e ~mlkf eg mdzsdog bs b aeen Cmzls~lbk qe`bk+ Smd

cb`d d`jzelodn lk b mdb~dn nlsxt~d ql~m mdz jze~mdzs sdwdzbo |dbzs xzdwletso|

dz ~md ~dz`s eg b cek~zbc~ alwlka b

dbn


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33

azdb~azbkngb~mdz+ Ewdz ~md |dbzs/ smd bkn mdz mtsjbkn bnndn obkn ~e ~mdlz

ezl

~e

dr

wdo zlam~s ~e ~md

xbwlka ce`

sx

smd qe

jt

bk

Sm

me

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gezqbz

è a ~e ~md ats~s eg qlkn/ alwlka ~md

bxxdbzbkc

è

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bk dkdss eg mls jze~mdz/ dsxdclboo| ~md coesdkdss eg mls jze~mdz qme md

~metam~ qb

dk

jze

xe

ab~d q

qb

alkbo meonlkas se ~mdlz zbkcm/ keq mtknzdns eg bczds lk slyd/ qbs ce`xbzbjod

~md tknlwlndn obkn mdz jze~mdzs lkmdzl~dn+ Jt~/ boo mdz sljolkas lkmdzl~dn bk

tbo zlam~ ~e ~md `lkdzbos eg ~md ezlalkbo bczdbad+

Mdz bkadz b~ mdz jze~mdzs gez sdoolka ~md me`ds~dbn azb

xbk| ql~met~ mdz fkeqodnad/ ez xdz`lsslek/ xzdwdk~dn mdz gze`

dbflka ql~m mdz jze~mdzs/ ez nzlwlka ek ~mdlz obkn/ ewdz ~md kd}~ :4 |dbzs+ Se/

ton nzlwd Neze~m| bkn Nlbkb ~e ~md gbz~mds~ dbs~dzk xelk~ ek mdz xzexdz~|/

~ ~mdk ~md` mbn ~e qbof ~md zds~ eg ~md qb| me`d+ \dx/ ~mdzd qbs ke netj~ lk

|ekds `lkn smd qbs b aeen Cmzls~lbk qe`bk/ ekd eg ~md jds~ lk ~md cetk~|+

d eko| mbn ekd cmlon bkn ~md eondz geofs iefdn l~ qbs eko| j| bcclndk~ ek mdz

kd|èek+ Smd qbs boqb|s xbz~lbo ~e gd`bods eg bk| bad bkn ceton ke~ bjlnd

od ce`xbkleksmlx eg bk| flkn+

Bg~dz ~md alzos it`xdn ek ~md ~bloab~d/ Ied s~bz~dn ~md eon ~ztcf èwlka

n bablk+ Md oeefdn et~ ~md czbcfdn qlknsmldon b~ ~md sqb|lka azbss+ ^mls

zklka ~md azbss qbs zm|~m`lcboo| sqb|lk

d eg qbwds zlxxolka ewdz ~md obkn/ bqbsm ke~ lk qb~dz/ jt~ lk ~md

wd`dk~ eg ~md qds~dzo| qlkn+ ^md xeqdzgto l`bad qbs ke~ oes~ ek Ied/ ez

tn+

Ied oeefdn txek ~md ln|oolc scdkd bkn tkndzs~een md bkn Sxtn qdzd its~

xezbz| gl}~tzds txek ~md obkn/ jt~ ~md azbss bkn ~md qlkn qdzd gezdwdz+ Sxtn

dodn lk

n ~md coes

ofdn ek qb~dz+ Sxtn qbs ~ee |etka ~e tkndzs~bkn gezdwdz jt~/ eon

etam ~e bxxzdclb~d bqdse`d l`bads eg dbz~m bkn sf| bkn ~md oewd mls eondz

~mdz mbn gez ml`+

Bs Ied bxxzebcmdn ~md glzs~ ab~d/ `bnd gze` jbzjdn qlzd bkn getz cdnbz

s~s/ Sxtn it`xdn gze` ~md jbcf eg ~md ~ztcf bkn sxzlk~dn gezqbzn ~e exdk ~md

mlod ~md ~ztcf qbs s~loo èwlka gezqbzn+ Ied sdone` mbn ~e s~ex qmdk Sxtn

s ~dknlka ~md ab~ds+ Ied olfdn mbwlka Sxtn zlnd boeka ~e exdk ~md ab~ds bs ~md


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qbzn bs Sxtn/ Neze~m|/ bkn Nlbkb flcfdn mb| bkn gddn cbfd/ ~mt`j

dn ce`xzdssdn azblk bkn std~/ egg ~md dkn eg ~md oeqdzdn ~bloab~d+ Sxtn olfdn

m ~md ceqs/ b xtzdjzdn s~zblk eg Jobcf Bkats/ ce`d ztkklka ~e ~md gddn

d bkn bzzbkad ~md`sdowds lk bk ezndzo| gbsmlek boeka ~md olkd6 dwdz| ceq s~een

zxdknlctobz ~e ~md olkd qmlcm fdx~ ~md ceqs gze` s~bknlka ek ~ex eg ~md geen

cmezd qbs glklsmdn `tcm seekdz ~mbk lg md mbn ~e s~ex ~md ~ztcf/ ad~ et~ bkn

ex

ka egg ~md jbcf eg ~md ~ztcf bkn

zbclka gezq

kd

lk~

jd

~md ~

lk~

zbk

ce et~ gze` b |zlbn et~egslam~

xobcds boe

~md

bkn

\dx/ qbs ~md tkbkl`ets zdxo|+

Efb|/ od~s jts~ ~mdsd jbods bxbz~ bkn ad~ ~md gddn sbcfs exdkdn+

d qlzd ct~~dzs gez ct~~lka ~md

ql eonlka ~md mb| jbods ~ead~mdz bkn md mbn ~md sfloo ~e exdk ~md gddn sbcfs

ql et~ ~md

Ie lkcotndn ml lk bk|~mlka Ied nln+ Seek Ied qbs jbcf lk ~md ~ztcf bkn soeqo|

`ewlka gez

sly

~e qb~c

olk

xd

dk bkn coesd ~md ab~ds ml`sdog+

Sxtn mbn ndwdoexdn ~mls sfloo eg it`xl

bzn lk ~md lk~dzds~ eg ce`xod~lka ~mls cmezd bs seek bs xessljod/ b

cdssl~| lk ~md qlk~dz qmdk ~md scmeeo jts qbs mtz~olka ~eqbzn ~md cezzbo b~ ~md

dzsdc~lek eg ~md zbkcm zebn bkn ~md zebn lk~e ~eqk+ ^mesd nb|s cmezds mbn ~e

ce`xod~dn rtlcfo| gez ~l`d qbs zdrtlzdn ~e dl~mdz sbnnod mezsds bkn zlnd ~e

eqk zebn/ ez meef tx b Gezn ~zbc~ez ~e b mb| ~zblodz bkn nzlwd ~e ~md

dzsdc~lek6 ~md jts jdlka tkbjod ~e kdae~lb~d ~md s~ddx/ kbzzeq xez~leks eg ~md

cm zebn ntzlka zblk/ ez skeq/ nb|s+

Bs seek bs Ied xbssdn ~md ab~d/ md s~bz~dn joeqlka ~md xlcftx mezk+ ^md

qs/ zdceaklylka ~md mezk bs b nlkkdz jdoo/ cb`d

ka ~md czddf bkn gze` jdmlkn s`boo mloos+ md| cb`d ztkklka bczess

xbs~tzd ~eqbzn ~md ~ztcf+ Jdgezd ~md ceqs zdbcmdn ~md ~ztcf/ Ied s~exxdn

cb`d ~e ~md jbcf+

\boo zlnlk efb| jbcf mdzd5 md bsfdn+

Od~s ceksls~dn xzl`bzlo| eg Ied+ Md mbn ~m

zd m

~m tsd eg b fklgd+ Jt~/ l~ boqb|s bnd Sxtn gddo tsdgto bkn qbk~dn qmdk

d


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34

~md| qdzd db~lka+ Dwdk ~md cbowds gdoo lk~e olkd lk ~md cezzdc~ xesl~lek+ Meas/

cm

et

ad

z jdoo bkn ~md|

cb`d bzt

qm

~bf

bk

sd

~md

ex tn mexxdn jbcf ek ~md ~bloab~d/ sl~~lka jd~qddk mls ~qe

sls~dzs+ ^m

nls~bkcd ~e

nze

e~m

sm

bk

jb

scl Mezsdkd~~od -Seobkt` cbzeolkdksd,+ Bs md oeefdn

bg~ xlcftx/ md ceton sdd ~md ~qe eondz alzos zeoolka bzetkn

lkslnd ~md

sd

zbk

it`

è

~e

~md

lcfdks/ bkn dwdk nddz qdzd ke~ ~mls ezabklydn qmdk l~ cb`d ~e db~lka gddn xt~

~ j| mt`bks+ ^mesd czl~~dzs ~dkndn ~e s~e`x boo ewdz ~md geen lk ~mdlz mbs~d ~e

~ bs `tcm neqk bs xessljod jdgezd l~ qbs boo aekd+

Ied ~metam~ mt`bks bc~dn its~ olfd ~md ceqs+ Zlka ~md nlkkd

kklk/ its~ olfd ~md ceqs+ Md ejsdzwdn ~md mt`bk jdmbwlez dwdz| nb|

dk lk scmeeo bkn ~md otkcm jdoo zbka+ Qmdk l~ qbs ~l`d ~e zetkntx ceqs ~e

d ~e ~md `bzfd~/ boo ~mb~ qbs zdrtlzdn qbs ~e xt~ et~ b xez~bjod cezzbo/ xt~ mb|

n gddn cbfd lk ~md cezzbo/ mekf ~md mezk bkn qb~cm ~md` ce`d ztkklka+ L~

d`dn ~e Ied/ bs |etka bs md qbs/ ~md B`dzlcbk aewdzk`dk~ ~zdb~dn xdexod

sb`d qb|+

Ied cek~lktdn gze` xbs~tzd ~e xbs~tzd tk~lo md cb`d ~e ~md obs~ ekd+ Bg~dz

dklka ~md ab~d/ Sx

ls xbz~lctobz xbs~tzd qbs ~md obzads~ bkn Ied mbn ~e nzlwd se`d

ad~ ~e ~md bxxze}l`b~d cdk~dz qmdzd ~md gddn qbs nls~zljt~dn se md

wd gbs~dz ~mbk lk ~md e~mdz xbs~tzds+ Sxtn sbq Neze~m| bkn Nlbkb alwd dbcm

dz b so| oeef jdgezd ~md| dbcm azbjjdn bk bz` bjewd ~md dojeq/ kdbz ~md

etondz+ md| cetk~dn ekd/ ~qe/ ~mzdd/ ~mdk ~md| olg~dn Sxtn tx gze` ~md ~bloab~d

n ~mzdq ml` egg+

Ke~ eko| qbs ~md sbkn| oeb` selo mbzn bkn tkce`gez~bjod gze` ~md

cfslnd obknlka/ jt~ md obkndn ek ~ex eg b glwd gee~ ~boo jtoo kd~~od/ fkeqk èzd

dk~lglcboo| bs b Cbzeolkb

dz ~md zbxlno| zd~zdb~lka

jetkclka ~ztcf jdn/ obtamlka txzebzletso|+ e bnn azdb~dz lksto~ ~e ~md

wdzd lkitz| md stggdzdn qmdk md obkndn lk ~md jtoo kd~~od/ ~md qbof jbcf ~e ~md

cm metsd qbs b aeen ~qe `lods bkn qmdk ~md alzos ob~dz oldn bkn sbln md

xdn et~ eg ~md jbcf eg ~md xlcftx/ md zdcdlwdn b ~mezetam qmlxxlka gze` mls

~mdz+

^mzeqlka mls sczbqk| bss egg ~md ~bloab~d qbs its~ ekd èzd lksto~ bnndn

~md `bk| e~mdz lksto~s ~md| nlsmdn et~ ek b zdatobz jbsls+ ^mdzd qbs ~md ~l`d

| cbtam~ ml` ce`lka et~ eg ~md scmeeo metsd ekd qbz`/ sxzlka bg~dzkeek+


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37

^md| azbjjdn ml` bkn gezcdn ml` bzetkn b cezkdz eg ~md jtlonlka+ Nlbkb sb~ ek

ml`

~l`

^m

ml`

jd

qb

sdon

dw

kd od ~bsf gez bk|ekd/ md

ndclndn ~m

~md

md

jen

Ie

xze

^m

ml~ tkcdn tx zdbo mlam

bkn Sxtn qdk~ bgo|lk bkn qd ceton ke~ cb~cm ml`+

Qm

+

Ke/

mlfd qeton jd

bjb~dn+ Jt~/ md mexdn l~ qetonk~ jd/ jdcbtsd md qbk~dn ~e cmefd ~md` tk~lo

~md| ~tzkd

qmlod Neze~m| zdèwdn mls coe~mlka/ dwdk mls tkndzqdbz+ mdk ~mdzd qbs ~md

d ~md| nln xzbc~lcboo| ~md sb`d ~mlka ekd Sb~tznb| klam~ et~slnd ~md zeoodz zlkf+

dk ekd Mbooeqddk klam~/ bs ~md| qdzd ~zlcf ez ~zdb~lka lk ~eqk/ Nlbkb xtsmdn

egg b xezcm lk~e b cbc~ts+ L~ qbs b azdb~ tkndzs~b~d`dk~ ~e sb| md qbs

alkklka ~e nlsolfd mls ~qe sls~dzs+ Md qbs bs bkaz| bs md mbn dwdz jddk+ Md

s ke~ stzd meq bkaz| ~mb~ qbs/ gez md qbs eko| sdwdk |dbzs eon bkn md qbs

e` bkaz|+ Jt~ md qbs bkaz| dketam ~e tkndzs~bkn ekd nb| md qeton ad~

dk/ zdabznodss eg meq oeka md mbn ~e qbl~+

Qmlod s~bknlka jdslnd ~md jtoo kd~~od ~z|lka ~e xtoo bs `bk| eg ~md glkd

dnods et~ eg mls sflk bs xessljod/ bc~tboo| bk l`xesslj

dzd qbs ke xelk~ lk qbl~lka gez Ied ~e ce`d jbcf+ Ieds zd~tzk xb~m ~e

zbkcm metsd qbs clzctobz se md qeton ke~ jd zd~tzklka ~mls qb| bkn dwdk lg

ceton ztk lk mls xblkgto ceknl~lek ql~m ~md glkd kddnods s~lcflka ml` boo ewdz mls

|/ md ceton ke~ zdbcm ~md cdk~dz eg ~md xbs~tzd jdgezd Ied ewdn ek+ @b|jd

d qeton ce`d jbcf ~mls qb| bkn xlcf ml` tx jt~/ Sxtn netj~dn l~+ ^md alzos

jbjo| ~eon Ied md jdcb`d `bn bkn it`xdn egg ~md ~bloab~d bkn qbofdn me`d+

d| qeton kdwdz ~doo Ied ~md| ~mzdq ml` egg+

Sxtn ceton l`balkd ~mdlz obtamlka d}xobkb~lek9 Em" Md gdoo et~ qmdk |et

~mb~ bz`bnlooe meod jbcf ~mdzd bqb|s bkn ~md ~bloab~d je

| nlnk~ |et |doo gez `d ~e s~ex5 Ied xzejbjo| bsfdn+

Qd qdzd obtamlka ~ee mbzn" qbs ~mdlz xzejbjod zdsxeksd

ke~mlka odg~ ~e ne jt~ aotò| qbof jbcf ~e ~md metsd+ Xdzmbxs/ ~md oeka

èndzb~d mls bkadz bkn j| ~md ~l`d md zdbcmdn ~md metsd l~ qeton

n jotd gez qmb~ ~md| nln+ ^mdk md jdabk ~mlkflka bjet~ Gzbkf bkn


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zdbolydn eko| b jbs~bzn olfd ml` qeton cmefd se`dekd+ Se/ md od~ l~ ae bkn

s~b

fkdq l~ qe

`b

czd

nd

|etka

coe

bk

metsd+ Sm

qm

~md

s~ezd

lkc

me

qb

kd

UU

Md

bo`

xze eze~m|+ Md ceton ~bfd ^md Gtcflka Jbs~bzns sd}tbo bjtsd bs oeka bs

md mbn ~ee

sd

~mb~ qe

~md

Gz

z~dn ~md oeka qbof me`d+ Md qeton glatzd et~ ekd nb| meq ~e ad~ dwdk+

^md nb| qbs s~loo |etka jt~/ ~md stk qbs keq smlkklka jzlam~o| bkn Sxtn

ton seek zdbcm 288 ndazdds Gbmzdkmdl~/ lk ~md smbnd tkndz ~md

~tzd xdcbk ~zdds sxzdbn boeka ~md czddf+ Ql~met~ qb~dz tk~lo md zdbcmdn ~md

df/ stcm b oeka mlfd lk ~md stggecb~lka mdb~ qeton ~b} mls s~zdka~m se md

clndn ~e s~bz~ èwlka ~eqbzn ~md metsd bs gbs~ bs md ceton èwd/ alwdk mls

/ sdksl~lwd mlnd qbs gtoo eg s~lkalka kddnods+ Jt~ glzs~/ md mbn ~e zdèwd mls

~mds qmlcm qdzd cmecf gtoo eg kddnods oeeflka gez ~dkndz sflk ~e l`xbod+

Bs md s~bz~dn jbcf gez ~md metsd qdbzlka ke~mlka jt~ mls secfs/ jee~s/

n S~d~sek/ md stnndko| mdbzn b mtad d}xoeslek gze` ~md nlzdc~lek eg ~md

ez~o| ~mdzdbg~dz md sbq b xot`d eg sèfd/ ez nts~ md ceton ke~ ~doo

lcm l~ qbs zlslka lk ~md keq s~loo blz/ bxxdbzlka ~e zlsd gze` se`dqmdzd jdmlkn

metsd tx ek ~md gbz mloo+ ^md gb`lo| s~ewd bkn zdgzladzb~ez tsdn xzexbkd/

n lk b obzad ~bkf jdslnd ~md metsd+ Gdbzlka b abs d}xoeslek/ md ~zldn ~e

zdbsd mls abl~/ bgzbln mls è~mdz lam~ jd lkitzdn lk ~md d}xoeslek+ Xblkgtoo|

jjolka boeka/ b qezzldn Sxtn ndclndn ~e s~ex geooeqlka ~md zebn bkn s~bz~

oflka bczess cetk~z| ~e smez~dk ~md ~l`d kddndn ~e ad~ me`d+ Lg eko| ~md jtoo

~~od s~lkas qeton s~ex ~mdlz xblkgto s~lkalka bkn lkcdssbk~ l~cmlka+

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

Zlcmbzn qefd tx Stknb| ezklka gddolka qekndzgto+ enb| qbs ~md nb|+

qbs aelka ~e ne l~ gez cdz~blk+ Md mbn jddk ~mlkflka bjet~ floolka Gzbkf gez

es~ b |dbz keq+ Dwdz slkcd md getkn et~ Gzbkf mbn zbxdn Nlbkb/ bkn

jbjo| N

/ jt~ md qbs nb`kdn lg md qeton s~bkn gez ^md Gtcflka Jbs~bzn

}tboo| eods~lka bkn zbxlka mls sls~dzs+

Gez bqmlod Zlcmbzn ceton ke~ glatzd et~ b aeen `d~men gez floolka Gzbkf

ton lkstzd Gzbkf nd`lsd qmlod fddxlka ml`sdog se`d sbgd nls~bkcd gze`

`dbk jbs~bzn bkn et~ eg mls cot~cmds+ Ke~ ~mb~ Zlcmbzn qbs bgzbln ~e floo

bkf tx coesd+ Md its~ qbk~dn ~e jd cdz~blk lg Gzbkf stzwlwdn ~md lkl~lbo b~~bcf/ md


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3=

d qbs s~loo smeqlka b~ ~md ~mdb~dz+ Md mbn ke~ sddk ~md èwld bkn

dk~ cekslndzdn jt|lka b ~lcfd~+ Md ndclndn bablks~ qb~cmlka ~md ewld

cd md qbs aelka ~e qbof me`d bkn md nln ke~ qbk~ ~e ad~ me`d lk ~md qdd

nln ke~ xzdsdk~ md Gtcflka Jbs~bzn bk exxez~tkl~| ~e zd~bolb~d+ mdzd qbs ke

ne

~md

tam~ bjet~ smee~lka Gzbkf/ jt~ ke~ tx coesd+ Tx coesd

qeton alwd

sm

ke

azbc

sr

ez

me

qb

bze `l~d sl~~lka egg

lk b zdè ~md et~metsd

dwdz| Stk

Bk

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gdq

Jb

kdq s~ztc

ql

sd

it`

sr

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@b

gez b è`

slk

tj~ lk mls sl}~ddk |dbz eon `lkn Gzbkf qeton floo ml` lk zd~tzk/ lg Gzbkf stzwlwdn

lkl~lbo b~~bcf+

Eg cetzsd/ md ~me

~md `tcm s~zekadz `bk ~md exxez~tkl~| ~e qzds~ ~md atk bqb| bkn

ee~ ml`+ Md ~metam~ md ceton smee~ Gzbkf gze` b nls~bkcd/ jt~ lg ~md jtood~ nln

~ cbtsd b èz~bo qetkn/ Zlcmbzn nln ke~ ~mlkf md ceton xdzgez` b cetx nd

d+ Bo~metam md sbq `tcm joeen qezflka ek ~md gbz` bkn qbs ke~

tdb`lsm/ md gdo~ qboflka tx ~e b qetkndn `bk bkn smee~lka ml` lk ~md mdbn/

mdbz~/ qeton zdrtlzd b nlggdzdk~ ceks~l~t~lek ~mbk ~mb~ zdrtlzdn gez jt~cmdzlka

as/ ez cmlcfdks+ Se/ md fdx~ ~mlkflka ek l~+ Md qbk~dn b stzdglzd `d~men ~mb~

s atbzbk~ddn ~e floo ql~m ke cmbkcd gez zd~bolb~lek+

^md xzdwlets Sb~tznb| qmlod lk ~eqk sdoolka wdad~bjods/ md qbs qbkndzlka

tkn lkslnd ~md mbznqbzd s~ezd qmdk md sbq ~md je}ds eg n|kb

~d cezkdz+ ^mb~ s~bz~dn ml` ~mlkflka+ Gzbkf boqb|s qdk~ ~e

nb| èzklka b~


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bzflka eg ce|e~ds cboooecb~lka ~mdlz gb`lolds qmlod ek ~md mtk~6 ~md

`x/ ~mt`x/ ~mt`x eg b ce~~ek~blo ez ibcfzbjjl~ bs l~ mtzzldn bqb| gze` ls xb~m6

ekd qeog/ zbzd lk ~mls xbz~ eg ~md cetk~z| jt~ s~loo lkmbjl~lka ~md zlwdz

ood| lk s`boo kt`jdzs6 ~md cz| eg b cetabz6 ~md ~mzbsmlka eg nddz ztkklka tkndz

oeq mbkalka ol`js eg ~zdds6 ~md gezoezk cboo eg ~md qmlxxeezqloo bs l~ gezbadn lk

klam~ blz6 ~md xtzzlka eg b zbcceek6 gze` b nls~bkcd ~md s`doo eg b ~mzdb~dkdn

tkf6 eccbslekboo| b sotaabzn xesst` sczb`jodn ~e ad~ et~ eg mls qb|/ lsstlka

~~tzbo setkns eg xze~ds~ bs l~ cot`slo| zbk bqb|6 ~md eccbslekboo| oeq èe eg b

q6 bkn ~md setkns eg b `to~l~tnd eg lksdc~s bkn gzeas+ ^bfdk ~ead~mdz/ l~ qbs b

kbo s|`xmek|/ bk d}~dkndn tslcbo ce`xesl~lek eg qlnd zbkalka

~zt`dk~s scezdn gez b xzl`l~lwd ezcmds~zb+ L~ qbs tslc ~e Zlcmbzns dbzs bkn

oxdn ml` gezad~ ~md ceks~bk~ xblk md stggdzdn gze` md Gtcflka Jbs~bzn zlxxlka

mezlyek ~e mezlyek+ Md bn`lzdn ~md kt`dzets gboolka `d~dezs+ ^md| sdd`dn ~e

sla

sd

dn ~e

~zbwdolka b

j|

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jd~qdd

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dl~

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qboflka ~md ~zblo ~

cb

czl

~md mee~ eg

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wb

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at

ce

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md

kbo b sxdclbo sdksd eg bxxzewbo gze` mdbwdk+ L~ sdd`dn ~e ml` Aen qbs

knlka b dssbad sb|lka Md bxxzewdn eg mls bc~leks+

Md mbn qbofdn ~e bkn gze` ~eqk `bk| ~l`ds bkn qbs bccts~e`

oeka mls gbwezl~d ~zblo6 jdalkklka kdbz Jeaadss Cd`d~dz| bkn xbsslka

Fb~| Obfd/ ~md ~zblo ~mdk xbssdn ~mzetam Aeznek Abx jdgezd xotkalka neqk

s~ddx Aeznek @etk~blk qmdzd l~ jdabk qlknlka ~mzetam ~md wbood|/ xbsslka

k Ndwlos Jbcfjekd ek ~md dbs~ bkn @etk~blk Czddf ek ~md qds~+ ^mls

oo bzfdn ~zblo mbn jddk tsdn gez boès~ 288 |dbzs j| wbood| zdslndk~s qme

mdz zend b mezsd/ `tod/ ez qbofdn ~e bkn gze` ~eqk gez wbzlets zdbseks jt~/

s~o| ~e jt| stxxolds bkn wlsl~ ql~m gzldkns lk ~eqk+

Bs seek bs Zlcmbzn odg~ ~md ~eqk jdmlkn/ md jdabk ~e codbzo| mdbz ~md

m~ setkns+ Md qbs gb`lolbz ql~m ~mdsd setkns bkn nln ke~ gddo

metam~ ~md| qdzd ce`gez~lka bs ~md| slaklgldn md qbs ~md eko| xdzsek

eklam~ bkn md qbs ke~ fddk ~e ztk lk~e bk|ekd qmlod md qbs

zz|lka n|kb`l~d+ Rtds~leks qdzd cdz~blk ~e jd bsfdn+

Md oewdn ~e qbof ~md cetk~z| b~ klam~ bkn ols~dk ~e ~md setkns eg ~md

~~dzs+ ^mdzd qbs ~md sczb~cmlka eg `lcd bkn zb~s èwlka rtlcfo| et~ eg mls qb|6

sczbxd eg b skbfd czbqolka bczess b zecf| bzdb bg~dz l~s xzd|6 ~md


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>2

eez+ Md qdk~ bzetkn ~md slnd eg ~md metsd ~e ~md zdbz bkn gtz~lwdo|

dxdn bzetkn ~md cezkdz+ Md qb~cmdn Gzbkfs xzeazdss ~eqbzn ~md et~metsd+

qbl~dn tk~lo md sbq Gzbkf ae lk~e ~md et~metsd+ Bs seek bs ~md et~metsd

z qbs smt~/ Zlcmbzn zbk ~e ~md jbzk bkn nta ~md n|kb`l~d bkn gtsd cezn et~

~md gddn jbzzdo+

mls bkts bxbz~ ql~m b mbzn xdkls ekd ~dzzljod Gzlnb| klam~+ Md sd~ egg b~ b

ce

d lnklam~/ md nta b meod tkndz

~md zdbz eg

n|

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qd

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nzlwlka bze

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bs

ne bo/ Zlcmbzn bnd bk d}ctsd bkn odg~ ~md fl~cmdk/ aelka et~

~md gzek~ n

xd

Md

nee

eg

`gez~bjod > `lods xdz metz xbcd+

Qmdk md zd~tzkdn me`d ob~d/ its~ jdgez

~md et~metsd/ jdlka cbzdgto ~e bweln ~md sml~meod+ Md s~ezdn ~md

kb`l~d lk ~md jbzk lk b 48 abooek nzt` eg mezsd gddn/ `bflka cdz~blk ~md

kb`l~d qbs nddx neqk lk ~md xtkadk~ sezamt` èobssds cewdzdn azblk+

Qmdk èzklka cb`d/ Zlcmbzn exdkdn mls d|ds bkn l``dnlb~do|

d`jdzdn qmb~ md mbn ~e ne ~enb|+ ênb| qbs aelka ~e jd b aeen nb|/

jds~ nb| eg mls sl}~ddk |dbz eon olgd+ Zlcmbzn mexxdn et~ eg jdn bkn

k~ ~e ~md fl~cmdk qmdzd mls e~mdz qbs xzdxbzlka jzdbfgbs~+ Md xt~~dzdn

tkn ~md fl~cmdk mdoxlka tk~lo jzdbfgbs~ qbs zdbn|+

Ied bkn Sxtn qdzd ntd jbcf b~ ~md metsd6 ~md| qdzd ztkklka ob~d+

fkeqk ~e ~md e~mdzs/ Sxtn qbs jtsmqmbcflka czesscetk~z| ~e

f me`d bg~dz jdlka ~mzeqk et~ eg ~md xlcftx qmlod Ied qbs gzbk~lcboo|

tkn boo ~md zbkcm zebns ~z|lka ~e glkn ml`+ Lg ~md| nln ke~ bzzlwd seek/

geen qbs aelka ~e jd ceon+ ^md zds~ eg ~md gb`lo| sb~ neqk b~ ~md nlkklka ~bjod

n jdabk ~e db~ b mdbz~| jzdbfgbs~ eg jlsctl~s/ mb`/ jbcek/ gzldn xe~b~eds/ daas/

w|/ bkn ib`/ cekst`dn ql~m ceon/ gzdsm/ qmeod lof+ ^md eko| s~ezd jetam~

` lk ~md jzdbfgbs~ qbs ~md goetz bkn jbflka senb tsdn ~e `bfd ~md jlsctl~s

n ~md ceggdd gez ~md eondz geofs+ Dwdz|~mlka dosd qbs xzentcdn ek ~md zbkcm+ L~

s =938 b`+

Bg~dz jzdbfgbs~/ Zlcmbzn mdoxdn mls e~mdz codbk ~md fl~cmdk ~bjod boo ~md

lod so|o| qb~cmlka md Gtcflka Jbs~bzn+ Md qbs aelka ~e joeq Gzbkfs sezz|

s ~e flkane` ce`d+ Bs seek bs Gzbkf qbs et~ ~md jbcf neez/ s~zblam~ tx bkn

qk


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>:

Md zbk et~ eg ~md jbzk bkn ~eqbzn ~md et~metsd/ cbzz|lka ~md n|kb`l~d lk

ekd mbkn

xe

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cfd~+ Md cmdcfdn l~ jdgezd md odg~ mls jdnzee` dbzoldz/ lkstzlka l~ qbs gtoo eg

ksek gotln bkn ~mdzd qbs b kdq golk~+ Md nln ke~ qbk~ ~e ad~ ~mls gbz lk mls xobk

nlscewdz mls olam~dz nln ke~ qezf+

Qmdk md qbs bjet~ 48 gdd~ bqb|/ md

jdabk ~e qbof wdz| s~dbo~mlo|+ Md ds~l`b~dn md Gtcflka Jbs~bzn mbn

et~metsd gez glwd ~e dlam~ `lkt~ds+ L~ qbs b sl`xod `b~~dz ~e xobcd ~md

s~lcfs eg n|kb`l~d tkndzkdb~m ~md et~metsd/ olam~ ~md glwd gee~ gtsd/ bkn s~dbo

b| ql~met~ zblslka bk| bobz`+ Md rtld~o| ewdn bqb| gze` ~md et~metsd bkn

tzkdn ~e ~md jbzk+ Md qbk~dn ~e sdd Gzbkf ad~ qmb~ md ndsdzwdn+ ^qe

kt~ds mbn bozdbn| aekd j| ~mdk bke~mdz ~qe `lkt~ds xbssdn bkn ~mdzd qbs ke

xoeslek+

Lk ~md `lnnod eg ~md xzdwlets qddf/ Zlcmbzn bsfdn mls eondz cetslk/ qme

n|kb`l~d ~e codbz ~l`jdz ek ~mdlz xobcd/ meq oeka b gtsd md kddndn gez b

d `lkt~d jtzk+

ke~ ~doo ml` ~mls qbs eko| bk bxxze}l`b~lek bkn ceton wbz| gze` >4

cekns xdz gee~ ~e


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>>

sqdd~ cmdzz| olxs l`xzdssdn bczess xdbzo| qml~d ~dd~m/ smd ablo| bkn

bkcdn bczess ~md ceeo/ qeendk jdnzee` goeez ~mzetam ~md neez bkn

Cmbx~dz > Jloold Idbk

Jloold Idbk qefd dbzo| Sb~tznb| ezklka+ Smd ob| lk jdn e`dk~bzlo|

gezad~~lka

nzd

jdgezd s

jd

sm ~eklam~ b~ ~md sfb~lka zlkf+ Stnndko|/ smd gotka ~md jdn cewdzs

egg mdz bkn

odl

dw

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b k

è

mdz ~e `bz

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azbcdgtoo| xz

qm| smd qbk~dn ~e zlsd dbzo|+ S~zd~cmlka/ smd qbk~dn ~e zd~tzk ~e ~md

bòbkn smd qbs se ztndo| s~bz~odn gze` j| ~md lkcdssbk~ bobz` coecf+ Its~

md gdoo jbcf ~e soddx/ smd ~metam~ smd qbs bs ztnd ~e ~md coecf bs l~ mbn

dk ~e mdz+

Soeqo| ~md soddx odg~ mdz+ Smd glkboo| zdbolydn l~ qbs ke~ b scmeeo nb| bkn

d qeton sdd Ied

odbx~ et~ eg jdn+ ^mdzd qbs ke ~l`d ~enb| ~e ob| bzetkn bkn dkie| b

stzdo| èzklka+ ^mdzd qdzd `bk| ~bsfs qbl~lka ~e jd bcce`xolsmdn jdgezd ~md

dklka+ Smd `dk~boo| zbk ~mzetam ~md ols~ eg ~mlkas smd kddndn ~e ne+ B~ ~md ~ex

d ols~ qbs b nzlwd ~e Ablkdswlood ~e smex gez b kdq joetsd/ sflz~ bkn

cdssezlds bkn/ eg cetzsd/ b ~zlx ~e ~md jdbt~| xbzoez/ ekd eg mdz gbwezl~d ~mlkas

ne+ Glzs~ smd kddndn ~e db~ jzdbfgbs~/ ~mdk jb~m bkn nzdss gez ~md :4 `lod ~zlx+

Smd mbn sbwdn jbj|sl~~lka ekd| gez boès~ sl} èk~ms se smd ceton jt|

dq sflz~ bkn joetsd/ ql~m `b~cmlka smeds bkn b mbknjba/ fkeqlka b sxdclbo

`dk~ qbs ce`lka lk ~md kdbz gt~tzd+ Smd qbs cdz~blk Ied qbs aelka ~e bsf

z| ml` ~eklam~ bkn smd qbk~dn ~e oeef mdz jds~+ Bg~dz smexxlka gez

mds/ smd qbs aelka ~e ~md mblznzdssdz bkn ~md `bklctzls~+ L~ qbs aelka ~e jd b

a nb| lk Ablkdswlood bkn smd qbs aelka ~e zd~tzk me`d ql~m ~md bxxzexzlb~d~mds bkn mblzne se smd ceton oeef jdbt~lgto ~eklam~+

@dk~boo| cboctob~lka ~md ~l`d zdrtlzdn ~e xzdxbzd gez mdz `dd~lka ql~m Ied

lam~/ smd zdbolydn smd mbn ~e jd jbcf me`d j| >988 x+`+ ~e jd cdz~blk smd mbn

d ~e jb~m bablk/ xt~ ek mdz `bfdtx/ cmbkad coe~mds bkn s~loo bzzlwd b~ ~md

b~lka zlkf smez~o| bg~dz l~ exdkdn b~ 7938 x+`+ Ql~m bk dwdk s`lod s


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>4

neqk ~md mboo/ mdz klam~aeqk sqlzolka bzetkn mdz sol`/ xdbzsmbxdn ~ezse/ bkn

lk~

~mls ~l`d dbcm èzklka lk ~md

qbz` jb~m

eg

boz

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dodc

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gez ~b~ts l~ dkadkndzdn bkn mdz azb~l~tnd gez jdlka

jezk ql~m b

dwdz|ekd d

mt

jd

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gez

sm smd qbs ~enb|/ smd ~metam~ eg ~md |etka

`bk qme q

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mb

stg

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ce

Gz bs b bk keq bkn dk nln ke~ od~ e~mdz

e ~md tkecctxldn jb~mzee`+

Jloold Idbk boqb|s dbadzo| oeefdn gezqbzn ~e

zee`+ L~ qbs ~md ~l`d smd tsdn ~e dkdzalyd mdz sxlzl~+ ^md ceon stzgbcd

~md `lzzez kdwdz oldn ~e mdz+ Smd nln ke~ mbwd ~e bsf qme qbs ~md gblzds~+ Smd

dbn| fkdq qme qbs ~md gblzds~+ Slkcd ~md sdwdk~m azbnd/ smd boqb|s abzkdzdn

ès~ we~ds gez cmddzodbndz6 ~md ~mzdd |dbzs smd qbs lk mlam scmeeo smd qbs

~dn dbcm |dbz bs ~md @es~ Jdbt~lgto -bkn smd qbs wdz| xodbsdn Ied qbs

b|s we~dn @es~ Mbknse`d,+ Ke/ smd qbs ke~ wblk6 smd fkdq qme ~md gblzds~

s se ~mdzd qbs ke kddn ~e jd wblk+ Smd ceton bggezn ~e jd `bakbklèts

bzn mdz ce`xd~l~lek+

^md ~l`d sxdk~ lk gzek~ eg ~md lzzez qbs tsdn ~e zdlkgezcd mdz bxxzdclb~lek

mdz jdbt~| bkn ~md sxdclbo s

jewd bwdzbad jdbt~|+ Jt~/ smd nln ke~ sdd ~md sb`d jdbt~| wlsljod ~e

osd+ Smd sbq b xoblk alzo s~bzzlka jbcf b~ mdz lk ~md `lzzez6 smd gdo~

`jodn ~e jd cekslndzdn b jdbt~lgto qe`bk+ Se smd s~een gez 38 `lkt~ds

gezd ~md `lzzez bkn d}b`lkdn dwdz| xezd/ dwdz| mblz smd ceton sdd/ bkn abwd

kfs ewdz bkn ewdz bablk+

Bs smd oeefdn lk~e ~md lzzez/ cbzdgtoo| d}b`lklka mdz gezdmdbn bkn kesd

bk| slak eg ~mesd xdsf| xl`xods ~mb~ ceton jzdbf et~ stnndko|/ dsxdclboo| lg

d qbs kdbz mdz `dks~ztbo c|cod bs

bs ~md oewd eg mdz olgd+ Smd oeefdn lk~e ~md `lzzez bkn bcfkeqodnadn

~ l`bad s~bzzlka jbcf b~ mdz ~mb~ Ied qbs ~md ès~ mbknse`d je| smd

n dwdz sddk+ ^mb~ ls/ md qbs ~md ès~ mbknse`d bs oeka bs md qbs ke~

gdzlka gze` ~md dggdc~s eg mls jzt~lsm Kdbkndz~mboolfd s~dxgb~mdzs wleodk~

qs ~e ~md mdbn bkn gbcd+

Smd qekndzdn meq oeka Ied qbs aelka ~e s~bkn gez ~mb~ flkn eg ~zdb~`dk~+

lkflka bjet~ l~/ bkadz jdabk ~e qdoo tx olfd b me~ sxzlka lk mdz qdoodkneqdn

bs~+ Lg Ied qeton ke~/ ez ceton ke~/ `bfd Gzbkf s~ex jdb~lka ml`/ `b|jd smd

ton glatzd et~ b qb| ~e `bfd ml` s~ex+ Lk bk| cbsd/ Ied kddndn ~e s~bkn tx ~e

bkf+ Ied qbs ke oekadz b je|/ jt~ md q


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>7

`dk jdb~ mdoo et~ eg ~md` ek b zdatobz jbsls olfd ~mb~+ Smd ndclndn smd qeton ~bof

~e

se

mdbn/ bkaz| smd od~ mdz ~metam~s ~bfd b stnndk jobcf ~tzk+

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se

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`d~mlka et~+

Smd smeef mdz

~ qbk~ ~e ~mlkf bjet~ ~md dwlo Gzbkf ~enb|+ ê gezcd mdz `lkn jbcf ~e

`d~mlka èzd xodbsbk~/ smd s~bz~dn ~mlkflka eg ~md glzs~ ~l`d smd od~ Ied ~etcm

z jzdbs~s+ mls ~metam~ boqb|s jzetam~ xodbstzd ~e mdz bs mdz jen| zdbc~dn

~do| ~e mdz olcdk~lets/ sd}tbo ~metam~s+ Bs seek bs smd ~metam~ eg ml`

cmlka mdz/ mdz klxxods ~tzkdn mbzn bkn se`d~mlka s`boo/ olfd b ~lk| jtoj ek b

boo xobk~ jd~qddk mdz odas ~tzkdn mbzn bkn s~bz~dn ~lkaolka bkn els~tzd

xdbzdn b~ ~md dk~zbkcd ~e mdz olxs

Smd fkdq smd mbn b col~ezls jt~ smd nln ke~ fkeq ~mb~ ls qmb~ l~ qbs cboodn+

d ceton gddo l~ azeq mbzn gze` ~l`d ~e ~l`d gez s

tam~s+ Qmdk l~ nln azeq mbzn/ smd gdo~ b s~zbkad ~lkaolka sdksb~lek lk

/ lk mdz oeqdz bjne`dk bkn jd~qddk mdz odas+ Smd ceton bose gddo mdz

osd ae tx b~ ~md sb`d ~l`d+ L~ gdo~ bs lg mdz sflk qdzd bolwd eg l~s eqk bccezn/ se

ksl~lwd ~e ~md ~etcm smd ceton mbzno| s~bkn ~e dwdk ~etcm mdzsdog bk|qmdzd+ Jt~

zd qbs b czbwlka ~e ~etcm mdzsdog jd~qddk mdz odas/ b czbwlka ~mb~ jezndzdn ek

bkl~| lg smd nln ke~ ~etcm mdzsdog ~mdzd+ Meqdwdz/ smd boqb|s `bkbadn ~e fddx

z s~loo mbkns b~ mdz slnd bo~metam l~ zdrtlzdn boo ~md sdogcek~zeo smd ceton

s~dz+

Smd coesdn mdz d|ds qmlod xzdsslka mdz odas ~ead~mdz bs mbzn bs smd

ton bkn its~ od~ ~md gddolka qbsm ewdz mdz tk~lo l~ nlsslxb~dn lk b cetxod eg

kt~ds+ Qmdk smd qbs jzbwd dketam ~e oeef lk ~md jb~mzee` `lzzez bg~dzqbzns/

d ceton sd

d zdn gze` ~md xzdsstzd smd d}dz~dn ~e fddx mdz odas coesdn+

d ke oekadz fkdq d}bc~o| qmdk mdz è~mdz ~eef mdz bslnd bkn ~bofdn ~e mdz

et~ ~etcmlka mdzsdog/ jt~ smd ~metam~ smd qbs bjet~ glwd/ ez sl}+ Mdz è~mdz

qdn mdz meq ~e qbsm jd~qddk mdz odas ql~m b qbsm coe~m b~ bk dbzoldz bad/

t~leklka mdz ~mdk ~e eko| ~etcm mdzsdog ql~m b qbsm coe~m+ Mdz è~mdz sbln ke

dz ~etcmlka qbs booeqdn+ ^md qb| smd sbln l~/ lk ~mb~ s~dzk/ xbzdk~bo welcd/


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>1

~e ~md sb`d bad/ Jzbn jdlka bk bcclndk~/ jt~ ~mdzd qbs zdboo| ke

k jd~qddk ~md ~qe je|s+

Jloold Idbk tkndzs~een jbn ~mlkas qeton mbxxdk ~e mdz lg smd dwdz nln ~etcm

md

kb

ce

bs

bk

klk

xd ketam kbfdn bod jbjlds bkn s`boo je|s qmdk

jbj|sl~~lka

qd

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wbalk

d} dzd se`dqmdzd+, E~mdzqlsd/ smd qbs b~ ~md dzc| eg

lakezbkcd

xzd

ne

~mdzs+ D}bsxdzb~dn/ Jloold Idbk smet~dn/ L` jts|+ \et cbk qbl~+

Mdz

ekd eg ~md getz `d`jdz gb`lo|/ smd ~metam~ md zdcdlwdn gbz ~ee `tcm b~~dk~lek

gze` mdz `

qbk~dn+ ^ee jbn md qbs ke~ olfd Ieds |etkads~ jze~mdz/ Sxtn+ Sxtn bkn Jzbn

qdzd coesd

ce`xbzlse

zsdog gez bk| zdbsek e~mdz ~mbk ~e qbsm6 bkn ob~dz ~e xt~ ek%~bfd egg b sbkl~bz|

xflk+ Se/ smd qbs wdz| lakezbk~ eg ~md s~ztc~tzd bkn tsds eg ~md wbzlets xbz~s

`xzlslka mdz xzlwb~ds+ Smd fkdq smd mbn jzdbs~s bkn b wba~lkb ql~m

seclb~dn xbz~s bkn ~mb~ qbs bjet~ ~md d}~dk~ eg mdz fkeqodnad eg mdz gd`bod

b~e`| dwdk ~metam smd mbn b~~dkndn ~md mdbo~m cobss ~md scmeeo xzewlndn gez

~m azbnd s~tndk~s+

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kls bkn ~ds~lcods+ Smd sbq d

se smd fkdq qmb~ ~md| oeefdn olfd ek ~md et~slnd+ Lk ~mls zdabzn/ alzos

zd `tcm `ezd gez~tkb~d ~mbk je|s+ L~ sdd`dn secld~| sbln l~ qbs efb| gez

tka gd`bods ~e sdd kbfdn je|s/ jt~ l~ qbs ke~ efb| gez |etka je|s ~e sdd

fdn gd`bods+

Bkn smd fkdq ~e ad~ xzdakbk~ b `bk `ts~ xt~ mls mbzn xdkls lkslnd mdz

b bkn dibctob~d+ -Jt~/ smd zdboo| nln ke~ dwdk fkeq qmdzd mdz wbalkb qbs/

cdx~ l~ qbs neqk ~m

qmdk l~ cb`d ~e tkndzs~bknlka ~md xm|slcbo dcmbklcs eg ad~~lka

akbk~+ Mdz zdwdzld qbs ztndo| lk~dzztx~dn j| oetn jbkalka ek ~md jb~mzee`

ez+

Ce`d ek" \etwd jddk lk ~mdzd b oeka ~l`d bkn L kddn ~e ae"

Jze

|etkadz jze~mdz qbs b jzb~6 b sxelodn/ ejke}lets jzb~+ ^md |etkads~

e~mdz bkn gb~mdz qme ne~dn ek ml` bkn abwd ml` dwdz|~mlka md


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>=

Sxtn qbs sqdd~/ ct~d/ dbzkds~ ~e xodbsd boès~ ~e ~md xelk~ eg

d`jbzzbss

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eon zbkcm m

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~+ Qdoo/ xzejbjo| l~ qbs b ~ld bs ~md ols~ eg ès~ qdoo`bkkdzdn je|s lkcotndn

d/ bose+ mesd ~qe je|s kdwdz exdkdn ~mdlz et~m ql~met~ Slz ez @bb` jdlka

d eg ~md glzs~ qezns ~md| sbln bkn ~md| boqb|s dkndn b sdk~dkcd ql~m ekd/ ez

e~mdz/ bs bxxzexzlb~d+ Lk ce`xbzlsek/ mdz jze~mdz qbs its~ b s`boo ~|zbk~

flka ~e cbtsd mdz azldg b~ dwdz| exxez~tkl~| md ceton glkn+ Ekd eg mls gbwezl~d

xt~~lka fdzesdkd ek mdz ~ee~mxbs~d/ `bflka mdz aba qmdk smd bjsdk~

kndno| xt~ ~md ~ee~mjztsm cewdzdn ql~m ~md ~blk~dn ~ee~mxbs~d lk~e mdz et~m+ Lg

o| Sxtn qdzd mdz jze~mdz" Smd mexdn mdz glzs~ cmlon lkmdzl~dn Ieds ~zbl~s bkn

s b je| lndk~lcbo lk dwdz| zdsxdc~ ~e Sxtn+

Smd fkdq Sxtn qezsmlxxdn mdz bs lg smd qdzd b aenndss ndscdkndn gze`

tk~ Eo|`xts+ Sxtn xzejbjo| nln ke~ fkeq bk|~mlka bj

b~ ls xzejbjo| qmb~ md qeton ~mlkf+ Smd qbs ke~ b`tsdn j| Sxtns

s~dbn/ smd qbs gob~~dzdn stcm b |etka je| qbs se lkgb~tb~dn ql~m mdz+

tsd`dk~ qeton cekwd| b nls~lkc~ sdksd eg nlszdsxdc~ bkn lg bk|~mlka/ smd

xdc~dn Ied bkn mls gb`lo|+ ^mb~ ls/ dwdz|ekd lk mls gb`lo|/ jt~ Gzbkf+ Jt~ smd

wdz ~metam~ eg Gzbkf bs xbz~ eg ~mb~ gb`lo|+ Smd ~metam~ eg Gzbkf bs b nlsdbsd

md gb`lo| ~mb~ ceton ke~ jd ctzdn bkn l~ qbs soeqo| floolka ~md jen| l~ lkmbjl~dn/

olka l~ j| s~zbkatob~lek+

Jloold Idbk odbkdn gezqbzn ~e ad~ b jd~~dz wldq gze` ~md `lzzez eg bk

zds~lka sxe~ ek mdz cmddf kdbz mdz zlam~ dbz ~mb~ sdd`dn ~e jd ~md s~bz~ eg b

k~mo| jod`lsm+ Smd ~metam~ meq mbznqezflka Ieds gb`lo| qbs+ Bkn meq ~md|

ie|dn olwlka dwdk ~metam ~md| m

etsd jtlo~ j| ~mdlz azdb~azdb~azbkngb~mdz+ Smd fkdq ~mdlz e~mdz

dzl~dn ~md zbkcm metsd bkn b gdq bczds jt~ l~ sdd`dn ~mb~ qbs lkbndrtb~d gez

` ~e mbwd `tcm lk czdb~tzd ce`gez~s+

Ekd me~ st``dz klam~ qmlod Ied ob| lk mdz swdo~d bz`s jbzd ~e ~md

ondz/ mls mdbn zds~lka txek mdz gtoo jt~ ke~ ~eeobzad jese`/ md ~eon mdz ~md

eod s~ez| jdmlkn ~mdlz xzdnlcb`dk~+ Meq mls ~boo/ mbknse`d gb~mdz qbs b

`bklydz bkn qeton ke~ fddx mls mbkns egg bk| qe`bk qme qbs kdbz6 ès~


51/224


>+ M

Bz

Ob

qm

ml`

xb

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mb

n|

dz Qezon Qbz LL gez glwd |dbzs/ ke~ dwdk ce`lka me`d ekcd/ se md ceton mbwd

tkol`l~dn stxxo| eg |etka/ mtkaz| qe`dk qloolka ~e ~zbnd sd}tbo gbwezs gez b

d se`d~mlka ~e db~+ Bg~dz mls gb~mdz nln zd~tzk me`d/ md obtamdn qmdk md ~eon

d s~ezlds eg |etka qe`dk qme seon ~mdlz wlzalkl~| gez b jbz eg cmeceob~d+

Gze` 22 Ieds gb~mdz odg~ mls lknladk~ e~mdz boekd/ ce`lka bzetkn

ez se/ its~ eg~dk dketam ~e fddx mdz xzdakbk~/ l~ sdd`dn+ E~mdzqlsd/

~ mls `e~mdz boekd ql~m mtkaz| cmlonzdk ~e zblsd ek b zbkcm xzentclka

dbadz d}ls~dkcd gze` zblslka b gdq wdad~bjods lk b ~ztcf abzndk bkn b cetxod

ceqs+ @es~ eg ~md olwds~ecf ek ~md zbkcm jdoekadn ~e mdz jze~mdzs qme

dzl~dn ~md jtof eg ~md obkn bkn ~md e~mdz zbkcm bssd~s+ Mdz jze~mdzs xbln Ied

n ~md e~mdz cmlonzdk gez ~bflka cbzd eg ~md ceqs bkn mezsds/ xoeqlka bkn

k~lka ~md gldons/ bkn mdoxlka ~e ab~mdz ~md mb|/ jt~ ~md xb| qbs jbzdo|

glcldk~ ~e fddx ~md cmlonzdk lk smeds bkn Stknb| coe~mds+

Ied mbn ~eon mdz meq mls gb~mdz/ dwdz|ekd cboodn ml` Q+C+/ qbs s~b~lekdn

B`bzlooe b~ ~md blz jbsd/ zdsxeksljod gez ~zblklka golam~ dkalkddzs+ L~ sdd`s Q+C+

tsdn se`d ezndz se mls ce``bknlka egglcdz ~zbksgdzzdn ml` ~e b tkl~ lk

d qbs qetkndn b~ ~md Jb~~od eg ~md Jtoad bkn cekwbodscdn b~ ~md

`|s Od~~dz`bk Adkdzbo Mesxl~bo+ Bg~dzqbzns/ ~md Bz`| sdk~ ml` ~e ~md Bz`d

katbad Scmeeo lk @ek~dzzd|/ Cbolgezklb jdgezd sdknlka ml` jbcf ~e Adz`bk|

dzd md s~b|dn gez ~md kd}~ glwd |dbzs+ L~ sdd`s Q+C+ nlscewdzdn geen ceton jt|

bk| qe`bk md qbk~dn lk Adz`bk|/ bkn l~ sdd`s md qbk~dn ~md` boo+

Lk dbzo| 2


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tao| nd~blos zdabznlka Gzbkfs bjtslwd zdob~leksmlx ql~m mls s~dxcmlonzdk+

Bc

s~e

ql

zbkcmdzs tsdn n|kb`l~d gez codbzlka obkn

bkn gez xzd

s`

gze`

qm

dw

se

qb

n|

get

bqb|

mls

jd zdcdlwdn ke ekd nbzdn `dk~lekdn ~md sd}tbo bjtsd/ b wdz| ~bjee

stjidc~ n

s~d

jze

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bj ~met~ b atlo~|

wdznlc~+ Jt

Zl

gb`

Zlcmb

Se

zd~

ceznlka ~e ~md ~zlbo ~ds~lèk|/ Zlcmbzn jzefd lk~e ~md ~eqk mbznqbzd s~ezd bkn

od b cetxod eg s~lcfs eg n|kb`l~d bc~tboo| b qmeod je} bs smd zdcboodn boeka

~m b odka~m eg gtsd cezn+

Jloold Idbk fkdq gbz`dzs bkn

xbzlka qb~dzcetzsds gez nb``lka se ~md mbznqbzd s~ezd boqb|s fdx~ b

boo stxxo| eg n|kb`l~d ek mbkn+ Smd fkdq Zlcmbzn/ bg~dz s~dbolka ~md n|kb`l~d

~md mbznqbzd s~ezd/ qdk~ me`d bkn xzecddndn ~e joeqtx ~md et~metsd

lod md ~metam~ Gzbkf qbs lkslnd+ Tkgez~tkb~do|/ smd ~metam~/ bs nln es~

dz|ekd dosd lk ~eqk/ md tsdn b gtsd ~ee oeka+ Gzbkf d}l~dn ~md et~metsd

ekdz ~mbk d}xdc~dn qmlod b seq xla bkn mdz 24 xlaod~s mbn tkd}xdc~dno|

kndzdn ~ee coesd ~e ~md jtlonlka+ L~ qbs sbln lk cetz~ bg~dz ~md ~dk s~lcfs eg

kb`l~d d}xoendn/ xezf zblkdn neqk gez `lods bzetkn+ ^mdlz Btk~ld sbln smd

kn qmb~ qbs odg~ eg ~md seqs mdbn lk ekd eg mdz xbs~tzds/ boès~ ~qe `lods

+

^md itnad/ d}xzdsslka mls `lsalwlkas zdabznlka Gzbkfs jdmbwlez ~eqbzn

s~dxcmlonzdk bkn |ldonlka bs Zlcmbzn mbn xzejbjod cbtsd ~e zd~bolb~d gez ~md

b~lkas md

dclndn ~e od~ Zlcmbzn ae ql~m b sl} èk~m stsxdkndn sdk~dkcd bkn b

zk qbzklka ke~ ~e tsd ~ee `tcm n|kb`l~d kd}~ ~l`d+

^md s~la`b eg sd}tbo bjtsd qbs se azdb~/ ~mls lsstd qbs kdwdz dwdk

tam~ tx b~ Zlcmbzns ~zlbo/ jt~ Jloold Idbk fkdq ~md bjtsd d}ls~dn jdcbtsd Ied

n mdz bjet~ l~ `bk| èk~ms bg~dz ~md| s~bz~dn nb~lka+ Lg ~md itnad bkn itz| fkdq

et~ ~mb~ bsxdc~ eg ~md bjtsd/ Zlcmbzn qeton mbwd qbofdn bqb| ql

~ Ied qbs bnb`bk~ ~mb~ ke ekd smeton `dk~lek bk|~mlka bjet~

cmbzns sd}tbo bjtsd+ ^mb~ qbs b gb`lo| sdczd~ bkn l~ qbs aelka ~e s~b| b

lo| sdczd~+

Slkcd Gzbkf ~mzdb~dkdn ~e floo Zlcmbzn bs seek bs md qbs jbcf me`d/

zn ceton ke~ zd~tzk ~e ~md zbkcm bg~dz Gzbkf qbs zdodbsdn gze` ~md mesxl~bo+

/ Zlcmbzn odg~ gez Cbolgezklb ~e olwd ql~m b zdotc~bk~ gb~mdz qme mbn zdcdk~o|

lzdn gze` ~md Bz`| bkn nln ke~ qbk~ b ~ddkbad sek ~e jd zdsxeksljod gez+ Ke


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ekd qbs cdz~blk qm| Q+C+ bazddn ~e od~ Zlcmbzn ce`d ~e Cbolgezklb bkn s~b| ql~m

ml`

ce

dw

zds~ eg ~md

~mb

sdk~d

qm

~md

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nd

bk

~md

qbk

gbc

cm ds

tstboo| get

zds

jt~ ~

~me

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cetk~z| ~mb

qe

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|dbz+ Glk

b j

/ jt~ Ied stsxdc~dn l~ qbs jdcbtsd mls è~mdz mbn se`d dwlndkcd eg Q+C+s

``l~~lka se`d czl`d qmlod md qbs lk ~md Bz`| bkn ~mzdb~dkdn ~e nlscoesd ~md

lndkcd ~e ~md xzexdz bt~mezl~lds/ lg md nln ke~ ~bfd Zlcmbzn lk+

Jloold Idbk qbs lk ~md sb`d ce`xbk| bs ~md ~zlbo itnad bkn ès~ eg ~md

ce``tkl~| qme sdd`dn ~e jd ezd nls~zdssdn j| Zlcmbzns gblotzd

k mls bc~tbo b~~d`x~ ~e `tzndz Gzbkf+ Smd ~metam~ Zlcmbzns stsxdkndn

kcd eg sl} èk~ms iblo ~l`d gez nds~ze|lka xzexdz~| ke ekd qbs cdz~blk

dzd ~mls cmbzad cb`d gze` jt~ slkcd ~md cmbzad qbs ke~ b~~d`x~dn `tzndz/

zd qbs ke `tz`tz eg xze~ds~ lk ~md ce``tkl~| qbs bjet~ bs odkldk~ bs ~md

ad ceton sdk~dkcd ml` bkn s~loo `blk~blk se`d sdksd eg itnlclbo ndcezt` j|

èks~zb~lka its~lcd eg b sez~ mbn xzdwblodn/ ~mdzdj| booeqlka d}bs itnads

n xzesdct~lka b~~ezkd|s ~e soddx qdoo b~ klam~ fkeqlka ~md| nto| nlscmbzadn

lz nt~|+ ^md zds~ eg ~md ce``tkl~| sodx~ qdoo bk|qb| ès~ eg ~md ~l`d jt~

~dn ~e sdd Gzbkf/ ke~ Zlcmbzn/ lk xzlsek gez mls bjtsds+

Ke~mlka fdx~ ~md ~eqksxdexod gze` sddlka ~md jztlsds txek ~md cmlonzdks

ds qmdk ~md| cb`d ~e scmeeo+ Gze` ~l`d ~e ~l`d/ ~md scmeeo ktzsd bsfdn b

lon ~e nlszejd ~e mls/ ez mdz tkndzqdbz/ se smd ceton nect`dk~ ~md jztls

kn gze` mdbn ~e ~ed/ gzek~ bkn jbcf+ Dwdz| ~l`d/ l~ qbs Gzbkf qme qbs

xeksljod gez ~md jztlsds+

Jloold Idbk e`dk~bzlo| qekndzdn lg Gzbkf sd}tboo| bjtsdn ~md ~mzdd alzos/

md ~metam~ qbs se mdlkets ~e mdz/ smd l``dnlb~do| xtsmdn bslnd stcm bqgto

tam~s+ L~ qbs mezzljod dketam ~e fkeq md sd}tboo| bjtsdn Zlcmbzn+ Lg eko|

cmbzn mbn stccddndn lk floolka ml`

~ qeton sdk~dkcd ml` ~e xzlsek lg ~md| fkdq ~md ~zt~m+ @ezd olfdo|/ ~md|

ton alwd ml` b `dnbo/ `b|jd dwdk b cetxod+

Jloold Idbk slamdn+ Smd gezcdn mdz ~metam~s lk~e ~md zdbo` eg mbxx|

tam~s6 ~metam~s bjet~ ~eklam~ bkn gez ~md è`dk~ smd mbn qbl~dn b~ odbs~ b

boo| cekwlkcdn ~md s`boo zdn sxe~ ek mdz cmddf qbs ke~ ~md jdalkklka eg

zlam~ jobyd `bzflka mdz ietzkd| boeka ~md `dks~ztbo c|cod/ mdz b~~dk~lek qbs


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stnndko| gectsdn ek ~md azeqo ce`lka gze` mdz s~e`bcm zd`lknlka mdz jzdbfgbs~

qb

Aeen ezklka" Jloold Idbk d}cobl`dn bs smd dk~dzdn ~md nlkklka zee`+

T````+

Mdz `e` bkn nbn oeefdn b~ mdz bsfbkcd/ \etzd tx dbzo|+

Zd

se`d kdq coe~mds bkn ad~ `| mblz xdz`dn+

d fkdq smd ~metam~ md

sx odn mls sek bkn nln ke~ sxelo mdz+ ^md lsstd ql~m ~mb~ olkd eg zdbseklka qbs/

md ~metam

~e gezalwd m

ief

ek

Md

qb

d}xd

Jloold Idbk xetzdn lof ewdz mdz Cmddzles+ Smd `dk~boo| cboctob~dn bablk

~md ~bsfs b

Ab

Loo

ls a

s xzejbjo| zdbn|+ Smd ~tzkdn gze` ~md cbx~lwb~lka `lzzez bkn qdk~ neqks~blzs+

Jzdbfgbs~ s`doos qekndzgto+

`d`jdz |et sbln L ceton nzlwd ~e Ablkdswlood ~enb|5 L kddn ~e jt|

Mdz nbn s`lodn+ Jloold Idbk qbs mls xzlkcdssds+ M

el

~/ Jloold Idbk qbs se qdoo jdmbwdn eg mdz eqk bccezn/ md mbn ke zdbsek

dz gez ~zbksazdssleks olfd md nln mls sek+ Eg cetzsd/ md mbn mdbzn ~md

d bjet~ seks bkn nbtam~dzs+ Lg |et mbwd b sek/ |et kddn eko| qezz| bjet~

d xdkls lk ~eqk+ Lg |et mbwd b alzo/ |et `ts~ qezz| bjet~ dwdz| xdkls lk ~eqk+

fkdq md nln ke~ mbwd ~e qezz| b~ boo qmdk l~ cb`d ~e mls nbtam~dz/ jt~ mls sek

s bke~mdz b~~dz+

Efb|/ nbzolk+ Its~ jd cbzdgto ql~m ~md cbz/ xodbsd+ Qmb~ ~l`d cbk qd

c~ |et me`d5

kn ~l`d ~e xdzgez` ~md`/ lk bnnl~lek ~e ~md nzlwd ~e bkn gze`

lkdswlood+

jd me`d jd~qddk >988 bkn 4988 x+`+ Ls ~mb~ efb|/ Nbnn|5 L ~mlkf Ied

elka ~e xzexesd ~e `d ~eklam~ se L qbk~ ~e oeef `| jds~+


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lb/ dssdk~lboo| s~dbolka ~md sxdclbo qlk~dz qmdb~ gze` ~md Ce``tkls~

|/ gze` zlam~ tkndz ~md Ce``tkls~s kesds+ Jdgezd ~mdk/ B`dzlcb nln ke~

eq qlk~dz qmdb~ d}ls~dn/ lks~dbn xobk~lka bkn mbzwds~lka b mbzn zdn sxzlka

Jloold Idbks gb~mdz zd`ewdn ~md Cbnn| fd|s gze` mls xecfd~ bkn soln ~md`

bczess ~md

Efb| nbzolk+ Its~ nzlwd cbzdgto bkn zd~tzk me`d sbgdo|+ \et bzd ke~ aelka

boekd/ bzd

Lk 2


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4>

qmdk mls nbtam~dz bkn è~mdz abka tx ek ml`+ Bo~metam md qbs b

ezon Qbz LL ce`jb~ wd~dzbk/ md its~ nln ke~ sdd` ~e jd bjod ~e ql~ms~bkn ~md

sobtam~ eg se `tcm gd`bod jdbt~|+ Jloold Idbks e~mdz xzdsstzdn mdz gb~mdz

e od~~lka Jloold Idbk nzlwd ~md gb`lo|s xzlydn xessdsslek ~e Ablkdswlood+ md

df/ oeka cbz qbs d|dcb~cmlka ql~m ~md et~zbadets ~bloglks bkn ~md id~ xen

am~s qdzd bk lks~bk~ cekwdzsb~lek l~d` qmdkdwdz smd s~exxdn gez bk|

sek+ S~zbkadzs cb`d gze` dwdz|qmdzd bzetkn qbk~lka ~e d}b`lkd ~md

~lkc~lwd cbz bkn nlsctss l~s b~~zljt~ds+ L~ qbs sbln s~zlflkao| jdbt~lgto Jloold Idbk

nd ~md cbz oeef dwdk èzd jdbt~lgto bkn ~mb~ qbs ~md zdbo zdbsek `dk bkn

`dk eg boo bads ab~mdzdn bzetkn ~md zdn bkn cmze`d Cbnn| qmdk l~ s~exxdn+

dz sxdbflka ql~m ~md ab~mdzlka czeqn b gdq `lkt~ds/ Jloold Idbk ae~ lk~e ~md

z+ ^l`d ~e nzlwd ek ewdz ~e ~md kdbzj| jdbt~| sboek+

Jloold Idbk bzzlwdn b~ ~md jdbt~| xbzoez its~ lk ~l`d gez mdz bxxelk~`dk~ b~

8x`+ md ~bof lk ~md jts| jdbt~| xbzoez es~o| cekcdzkdn ~md zdcdk~ Bcbnd`|

bzns smeq+ ^md 32s~ Bcbnd`| Bqbzns qbs smeqk ~md xzdwlets @eknb|+ md

qmdb~ ~mb~ mbn ~e jd mbzwds~dn jdgezd ~md glzs~ gzes~ lk ~md gboo/ ~mdzdj| ol`l~lka

qm

s~ kdq obkns gez azeqlka ~md tjlrtl~ets czex

slkcd l~ ce

bk

st

qe

qmd

bk

bk

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~ztkf

md è~mdz ~md l`xez~bkcd eg ~md nb|+ Smd azlkkdn bkn ~metam~ eg xeez Nbn qme

kdwdz qlks

Q

ek

lk~

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nls

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cb

298

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dzd l~ ceton jd azeqk+

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ton jd xobk~dn lk ~md gboo/ stzwlwd lk wdz| ceon col`b~ds ntzlka ~md qlk~dz/

n jd mbzwds~dn ~md geooeqlka sxzlka bkn st``dz+ Lg B`dzlcb ceton ~bfd bqb|

cm bk l`xez~bk~ geen setzcd gze` ~md Ce``tkls~s/ ~mdk ~mdzd qbs ke~mlka ~e

zz| bjet~+ Smd qbs ke~ cdz~blk smd sbq ~md cekkdc~lek jd~qddk s~dbolka

b~ sdczd~s bkn stzwlwlka b ktcodbz qbz/ jt~ smd ~zts~dn mdz nbnn| bkn

|qb| l~ qbs mls cbo` welcd d}tnlka bsstzbkcd ~mb~ lks~loodn cekglndkcd lk mdz

n ke~ ~md s~ez| ~mb~ zdbsstzdn mdz+

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

Smd s~exxdn b~ mdz cbz bkn cbzdgtoo| xobcdn ~md xbcfbads lk ~md zee`|

eg mdz xbzdk~s 2


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smeq qbs jzebncbs~ gze` ~md Xbk~bads mdb~zd lk Meoo|qeen/ Cbolgezklb+

Dw

zdc

lkc

Nb

bq

Ke

`l ~ds+

keq se`d~mlka qdk~ qzeka jdcbtsd ~md obs~ 28 `lkt~ds ~md

kd ezf ct~ gze` ~md bqbzns ~e se`d eon sxez~s smeq+ Xzejbjo| its~ bs qdoo

jdcbtsd l~ sdd`dn olfd Idzz| Odqls qbs ztkklka et~ eg ~mlkas ~e ~bof bjet~+

xd

kt jdzs gze` ~md smeq l~ zbk :8 lkt~ds ~ee smez~+

bkn ~ s~ ~z|lka ~e

fd

Zd

sm

Jloold Idbk qbs o|lka jbcf lk ~md ~l~odn sboeek cmblz ql~m mdz mdbn tkndz ~md

qb kk

olfdn ~md gd

`b

dz|ekd qbs s~loo ~boflka bjet~ Alalqlkklka klkd Escbzs/ jdb~lka ~md xzdwlets

ezn eg dlam~ Escbzs qek j| ~md dkntzlka Aekd Ql~m ^md Qlkn+ AlalsEscbzs

otndn Jds~ Xlc~tzd bkn Jds~ Nlzdc~ez -Wlkcdk~d @lkkdool,+ Jds~ Bc~ez qdk~ ~e

wln Klwdk gez mls xdzgez`bkcd lk Sdxbzb~d ^bjodsbkn Jds~ Bc~zdss qbs

bzndn ~e Stsbk Mb|qbzn gez mdz xdzgez`bkcd lk L Qbk~ ^e Olwd"

Nln |et sdd qmb~ mbxxdkdn b~ ~md dkn eg ~md bqbzns5

/ L mbn ~e gddn ~md jbj| bkn xt~ ml` ~e soddx+ L `lssdn ~md obs~ 38

kt

Qdoo/ L f

~q

L zdbn lk ~md xbxdz |ds~dznb| ~md bqbzns xzentcdz/ Idzz| Qbon/ jdlka

zmbxs b ol~~od ~ee xbzbkeln ~md bqbzns qeton jd ~ee odka~m|/ ct~ se `bk|

`

Qdoo/ |et b| zd`d`jdz ~md smeq zbk ewdz l~s scmdntodn ~l`d obs~ |dbz

md xzentcdz zdcdlwdn b azdb~ b`etk~ eg czl~lcls`+ Qbon qbs it

dx ~mb~ gze` mbxxdklka bablk+

abznodss eg ~md scmdntolka lsstds ntzlka ~md smeq/ L gddo Set~m Xbclglc

eton mbwd qek Jds~ Xlc~tzd bqbzn lk bnnl~lek ~e ~md Jds~ Setkn Escbz+

z`/ zt lka qb~dz+ L~ gdo~ aeen qmdk ~md jdbt~| exdzb~ez qbsmdn mdz mblz+ Smd

dolka eg ~md qe`bks mbkns ztkklka ~mzetam mdz oeka/ ~mlcf mblz bkn

ssbalka mdz scbox+ Smd oewdn qb~cmlka ~md Bcbnd`| Bqbzns+ L~ qbs xzejbjo|


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Set~m Nbfe~b/ bkn Kez~m Nbfe~b+ Md qbs aelka ~e nzlwd b qmdb~

ds~dz/ ez ce`jlkd/ mbzwds~lka ~tzfd| mbzn zdn qlk~dz qmdb~ tk~lo kd}~

x~d`jdz+ ^mb~ qbs efb| ql~m mdz+ Smd s~loo mbn ekd èzd |dbz eg mlam scmeeo

gezd smd azbntb~dn+ Smd qbk~dn ~e ad~ `bzzldn jt~ ke~ jdgezd smd azbntb~dn

mdz gbwezl~d smeq eg ~md |dbz+ Smd dkie|dn qb~cmlka ~md bqbzns smeq jdcbtsd

sm

bc

bc

ba

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qeton jd s~

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qb

cm e Olwd" Smd ~metam~ ~md bc~tbo qe`bk qme` Stsbk

Mb|qbzn x

d}dct~dn ge

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qb

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mls

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ek

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mbzw

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d olfdn ~e l`balkd mdzsdog nzdssdn lk dwdklka aeqk/ qboflka ek s~bad bkn

cdx~lka mdz bqbzn gez Jds~ Bc~zdss qmlod Stsbk Mb|qbzn bkn ~md e~mdz

~zdssds sb~ aotò| lk ~md btnldkcd/ idboets eg mdz bcmldwd`dk~+ Bk|qb|/ smd

zddn ql~m ~md qe`bk qme qbk~dn Set~m Xbclglc~e qlk Jds~ Xlc~tzd+

^md s~l`tob~lka l`bad eg mdz bkn Ied o|lka ek ~md qbz` jdbcm lk b stkk|

bkn qbs wdz| d}cl~lka+ @b|jd lk b gt~tzd Blz Gezcd bsslak`dk~ md

b~lekdn ek bk lsobkn/ b|jd dwdk Mbqbll+ Jloold Idbk mbn kdwdz

wdodn gtz~mdz gze` me`d ~mbk Nboobs+ Smd ceton mbzno| l`balkd dwdz ad~~lka

cmbkcd ~e sdd Mbqbll jt~/ smd qbs |etka bkn nzdb`s qdzd ~md s~tgg |et~m

s `bnd eg+

Qmlod Jloold Idbks mblz qbs nz|lka smd ~metam~ bjet~ Stsbk Mb|qbzns

bzbc~dz lk L Qbk~ ^

ez~zb|dn lk ~md èwld/ Jbzjbzb Azbmb`/ xzejbjo| ndsdzwdn ~e jd

z ~md mezzljod czl`ds smd ce``l~~dn+ Jt~/ Jloold Idbk mbn ke~

``l~~dn bk| czl`ds bkn smd cdz~blko| qbk~dn ~e olwd/ dsxdclboo| gez ~eklam~+ Smd

s cekwlkcdn smd qbs lk oewd ql~m Ied/ ~mdzdgezd smd qbs zdbn| ~e bccdx~ mls

xesbo gez bzzlbad+ Smd qbs bose cdz~blk md qbs aelka ~e `bfd mls xzexesbo

lam~+ Ieds jds~ gzldkn Mekd| mbn dk~lekdn ~e Iemkk| Jdoo/ qme dk~lekdn ~e

gzldkn Nbkk| Ndkkls/ qme dk~lekdn ~e mls alzogzldkn Obtzb Lcd/ qme

k~lekdn ~e mdz jds~ gzldkn Jloold Idbk/ Ieds lk~dk~ ~e xzexesd ~eklam~+ Gez ~md

~qe |dbzs smd bkn Ied mbn aekd s~dbn|+ êklam~ qbs ~md klam~ smd mbn

l~dn gez slkcd smd ceton oeka zd`d`jdz+ Smd qbs aelka ~e oeef mdz jds~+

Ied qbs aelka ~e azbntb~d mlam scmeeo lk bke~mdz èk~m+ Jloold Idbk fkdq

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~zbwdolka gze` qmdb~ gldon ~e qmdb~ gldon bczess d}bs/ Efobme`b/ Fbksbs/


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~ md qbs ke~ cdz~blk l~ qbs b slk+

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n ke~ ~eon Sxtn md qbs odbwlka+ Md its~ nln


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Documents

Saawariya (Draft Working Copy)