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Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
System Analysis and Design Page 1
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
1.1 INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE SYSTEM THAT NEED TO
DEVELOP
AIRLINE RESERVATION SYSTEM
Integrated Departure Control System with a very easy to use interface for rapid passenger
check-in and real time access to the reservations system. Inventory, schedule, fares and agent control,
provides a complete solution for airlines to manage their bookings and ticket reservations.
System Analysis and Design Page 2
AIRLINE RESERVATION
SYSTEM
CANCELLATIONRESERVATION
UPDATION
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
1) When you use the traditional system must take a more time.
2) The system is very time consuming and lazy. The system is more prone to errors and something
the approach to various problems is unstructured.
3) Ticket finish at the counter because you late.
4) Ticket cannot book with called and must go to the counter to fill up form.
5) Must fill up more form for any own when you want by for many ticket (family group).
6) When to check back for the customer booking ticket very complicated because mush check for
each fill.
7) Every from which customer fill up mush file, so need more file to documentation.
8) The old system very slowly because mush waits for quest and takes time for fills up from.
9) No have any counter open at other place because only have at airport only.
10) When customer wants check time for ticket they are mush go to the counter and check directly
from counter information.
System Analysis and Design Page 3
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
1.2.1 FISHBONE / ISHIKAWA DIAGRAM
System Analysis and Design Page 4
PROBLEM WITH MANUAL SYSTEM
MUST FILL UP MORE FORM
DOCUMENTATION PROBLEM
TICKET FINISH
TAKE TIME
ANY OWN MUST FILL UP FORM ALTHOUGH THE GROUP FOR ONE
FAMILY ONLY
COMPILATED TO CHECK BACK THE REGISTRATION BACK
NEED MORE FILE FOR DOCUMENTATION
NEED MORE COST TO PREPARED THING SUCH AS PAPER AND FILE.
COMPLICATED TO CREAT THE SLOW PROCESS TO
BOOKING TICKET
CAN’T BOOKING FIRSTS
CAN’T CHECK FIRST
LATE COME
MUST DIRECT TO THE COUNTER ONLY
SYSTEM TRADITIONAL MUST FILL FORM
WAIT FOR QUEUE
NOT HAVE ANOTHER COUNTER AT OTHER PLACE
SYSTEM SLOW BECAUSE MUSH FILL UP FROM
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
1.3 PROJECT OBJECTIVE
The objectives for Airline Reservation System are:
a) Easy procedure to use for any customer.
b) Make it easy for travelers to check the ticket status or make changes to their trip.
c) The user invokes “buy tickets” feature from the ARS user interface.
d) Provide flexible access modes to users from internet or telephone directly.
e) Do the transactions for related easy to making ticket reservations, which includes blocking,
reserving, canceling and rescheduling tickets.
1.4 SCOPE
The scope Airline Reservation System focus on the online only, because with the system can
make easy to customer used, get the discount when use the credit card and make a customer
interesting with this system.
Actually, Airline Reservation System is the best choice when you use this system because the
scope focuses to the online reservation only. So the process for booking the ticket can make easy and
fast.
At the same time, Airline Reservation System invited the other’s people to used the online
system and make it everyone can fly and happy with the system. In the system also providing the
flight details in the system and show the flight bookings for a particular, date and time and also
providing with a pin code.
System Analysis and Design Page 5
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
1.5 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHOD
Structure analysis uses a concept called the systems development life cycle (SDLC) to plan
and manage the system development process. The SDLC model includes the following steps:
1. System Planning.
2. System Analysis.
3. System Design.
4. System Implementation.
5. System Operation, Support, and Security.
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
System Analysis and Design Page 6
Requirements
Analysis
Testing
Design
Acceptance
Cording
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
SYSTEM PLANNING
The system planning phase usually begins with formal request to the IT department, called a
system request, which describes problems or desired changes in an information system or a business
process.
The purpose of this phase is to perform a preliminary investigation to identify the nature and
scope of the business opportunity or problem. The preliminary investigation is a critical step because
the outcome will affect the entire development process.
A key part of the preliminary investigation is a feasibility study that reviews anticipated costs
and benefit and recommends a course of action based on operational, technical, economic, and time
factors.
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
The purpose of the system analysis phase is to build a logical model of the new system. The
first step is requirement modeling, where you investigate business processes and document what the
new system must do.
Requirement modeling continues the investigation that began during the system planning
phase. To understand the system, you perform fact-finding using techniques such as interview,
surveys, document review, data and process models, and object models.
System Analysis and Design Page 7
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
SYSTEM DESIGN
The purpose of the system design phase is to create a blueprint that will satisfy all documented
requirement for the system. At this stage, you design the user interface and identify all necessary
output, input, and processes.
During the systems design phase, you also determine the application architecture, which
shows programmers how to transform the logical design into program modules and code.
The result of this is documented in the system design specification and presented to
management and users for review and approval. Management and user involvement is critical to avoid
any misunderstanding about what the new system will do, how it will do it, and what it will cost.
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTAION
During the system implementation phase, the new system is constructed-programs are written,
tested, and documented, and the system is installed. The objective of the system implementation phase
is to deliver a completely functioning and documented information system.
At the conclusion of this phase, the system is ready for use. The system implementation phase
also includes an assessment, called a system evaluation, to determine whether the system operates
properly and if costs and benefits are within expectations.
SYSTEM OPERATION, SUPPORT, AND SECURITY
During the system operation, support, and security phase, the IT staff maintains, enhances, and
protects the system. The objective during this phase is to maximize return on the IT investment.
A well-designed system will be secure, reliable, maintainable, and scalable. Information
system need to be updated significantly or replaced after several years of operation.
System Analysis and Design Page 8
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
System Analysis and Design Page 9
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
SYSTEM PLANNING
2.1 INTRODUCTION
During the system planning phase, the IT team reviews a proposal to determine if it presents a
strong business case. The term business case refers to the reasons, or justification, for a proposal.
A strong business case suggests that the company should pursue the alternatives, above other
options, because it would be in the firm’s best interest to do so. To analyze the business case for
specific proposal, the analyst must consider the company’s overall mission, objective, and IT needs.
2.2 EXAMPLE OF SYSTEM REQUEST FORM
SYSTEM REQUEST FORM
Date: Department:
Submitted by: Position:
Title: Email:
REQUEST FOR: URGENCY:
( ) New system ( ) Depend when the system develop
( ) System need improvement ( ) Handle normally
( ) Correction of service error ( ) Immediate to repair the system
DISCREPTION OF REQUESTED SERVICES (Attach additional document, if necessary):
(To be completed by the information technology department)
( ) Approved Assigned to IT contact person:
( ) Modified (see attached notes) User:
( ) Rejected (see attached notes) Action:
Date:
System Analysis and Design Page 10
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
2.3 EVALUATING FEASIBILITY
2.3.1 OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY
a. Can change the content every time in the system.
For the flight name to fly the manager can change in the information for each time.
Manager changes the price for each time or when the our company do the promotion
for special prices at certain time.
b. When other’s people used this system, they can reduce the time for booking the ticket.
We can help customer to reduces time because there are can book at home.
Airline Reservation System can make customer user so faster because the system easy
to use.
They are cannot come to the counter for booking the ticket and cannot wait for the
quest.
c. Check the validity of input data and give a feedback to the user in case of errors or inconsisten
cy.
d. Reduce redundancy in the information required from the customers in order for them to buy tic
kets, create user accounts.
e. Reduce effort and frustration for travelers in scheduling a trip, especially by reducing the searc
h effort for the flight they need to take.
f. Can reduce the arrow for book the ticket.
Can reduce arrow with the Airline Reservation System because system check first what
the problem when you are want send your form.
Can avoid the double book ticket when use the system online.
System Analysis and Design Page 11
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
2.3.2 TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY
a. The Computer unit to use for Reservation to customers.
We need the computer unit for my company because we want user the computer for
book ticket online for the customer.
We also need for check total ticket which already to book and balance ticket which not
finishes to sale.
User for calculate totals ticket and price for the customers.
Need to changes the schedule and time for fight schedule every time.
b. Staff works to check the Airline Reservation tickets.
Need more staff for open more counter for book ticket
Staff for control the time flight fly and the number of flight every time and change in
the system.
c. Special software to create the new System for Airline Reservation System.
Develop system for process Reservation Ticket System for each computer.
Software also to use for does the calculation the totals among ticket and for the ticket
time and flight number.
d. Web site to booking ticket with Airline Reservation System.
Web site for to create email to book ticket online for the customer and other.
Web site for our company to user for saves the information about system. This web site
is private.
Web site for information our company which the other people can open to take the
information about company such as background.
Web site for our company to back up the information and development system.
System Analysis and Design Page 12
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
e. The few unit printers use for print the ticket.
To use for print the ticket which already to book for the customer.
To print the information the lattes about Airline Reservation System.
f. Provide training for our staff to use a new system.
Train the staff first before start to work because want avoid a problem in the system
when the staff it handle the system.
For give information to staff for uses effectively the system.
g. Pay the outside worker to create new system for Airline Reservation.
Need are outside worker to create a new system for Airline Reservation System and
create a new web site.
2.3.3 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
NO. ITEM QUANTITY TOTAL
1. Special software for the System
Reservation.
1 Unit RM 200,000.00
2. New web site for Airline Reservation
System.
1 Unit RM 20,000.00
3. A few computer units. 21 unit x RM 2500.00 RM 52,500.00
4. Printer for ticket. 21 unit x RM 500.00 RM 10,500.00
5. Thumb print to staff does reservation
online.
21 unit x RM 1,200.00 RM 25,200.00
TOTAL AMOUNT RM 308,200.00
System Analysis and Design Page 13
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
DESCRIPTION OF ECONOMIC FEASIBILITIES
a) Special software
We need new software to develop new system for the Airline Reservation System
because we want change the traditional system to use new IS (information system).
a) New Web Site
We need new web site to produces our product or services to the customer.
We also can promote the services or product for the worldwide. At the same time, we
can produce the procedure to use the system.
We can make the customer use our system very easy and can save the time.
This system can help any people use them every time you like.
b) Computers
Our company needs the computer unit because the computer use to running the system
airline.
We need computer to check the system run and check the total seat for the flight every
day.
Computer use for changes the schedule for fly and time to fly for every time and every
trip flight fly.
c) Printers
Printer to use for print out the receipt payment for customer which pays the payment
ticket.
Printer also use for print the ticket reservation for customer when their book the ticket.
d) Thumb print
We need the thumb print for security the system, and only manager and staff duty only
can log in the system for running.
We also needed for staff log in the system for changes the schedule and time flights fly
for every time and trip.
We use thumb print for security the system from other people to log in the system.
Actually schedule the system is very private and any people cannot open it.
System Analysis and Design Page 14
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
2.3.4 SCHEDULE FEASIBILITY
TASK DURATION
Week
1
Wee
k 2
Week
3
Week
4
Week
5
Week
6
Week
7
Week
8
Week
9
Week
10
Week
11
Week
12
1.0 Initiating
1.1 kick off meeting
2.0 Planning
2.1 Suggest what
system to
develop.
3.0 Analysis
3.1 Analysis Design
4.0 Design
4.1 Develop system
4.2 Determine
Application
5.0 Implementation
5.1 Implementation
the new system
System Analysis and Design Page 15
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
2.4 PROJECT ROLES
a) Organization chart for System Reservation Airline:
System Analysis and Design Page 16
DIRECTORINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
MANAGER SYSTEM SUPPORT & SECURITY
SYSTEM ANALYSIS MANAGER WEB SUPPORT
DATABASEADMINISTRATOR
NETWORK ADMINISTRATOR
WEB SUPPORT SPECIALIST
PROGRAMMER
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION CHART
1. Director information system
Manage information about Airline Reservation System and describe what the process to
do for develop this system.
Plan how to do this system successful running.
2. Manager system support & security
For support the Airline Reservation System and create security for safety the system
from other people.
Do security which only opening by manager only not all of the staff.
a) Database administrator
To save the system to develop for Airline Reservation System.
Support data Airline Reservation System because cannot give data missing and
brooked.
3. System analysis
Analysis the system for Airline Reservation System is the good or not for long time and
what the benefit for system when to use it.
a) Programmer
Cording the software for Airline Reservation System.
Develop their system to be running successful for their Airline Reservation System.
4. Manager web support
To support web site for system because to protect when have a problem.
Backup Airline Reservation System because same time forget something so have
documentation to see back.
System Analysis and Design Page 17
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
System Analysis and Design Page 18
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
The goal of systems analysis is to determine where the problem is in an attempt to fix the
system. This step involves breaking down the system in different pieces and drawing diagrams to
analyse the situation.
Analyse project goals, break down functions that need to be created, and attempt to engage
users so that definite requirements can be defined. Requirement Gathering sometimes require
individual/team from client as well as service provider side to get a detailed and accurate
requirements.
3.2 SYSTEM REQUIREMENT CHECKLIST
I. OUTPUT
Produces form of reservation ticket in online.
The system shall now display the price of the ticket for the trip.
The system shall require a user to register, in order to carry out any transactions with it ex
cept for checking the availability of tickets.
Ask the user to enter the following details - class, one-way or round trip, departure date a
nd the number of adult passengers, children and senior citizens.
II. INPUT
Detail list about the booking ticket, date and number of person.
Insert the user information such as id, a password, first name, last name, address, phone n
umber, email address, sex, age, preferred credit card number.
Logging in a userrigin city and destination city.
System Analysis and Design Page 19
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
III. PROCESSES
Do the calculation the total for the passenger.
Calculation for the number of the ticket already to book.
Calculation the total among the ticket already to buy for the customer.
IV. PERFORMANCE
How much the data can keep in the system airline.
The program can handles multiple users, if more than one person attempts to same date to
the files stored in the data base
Response time of the Airline Reservation System should be less than 2 second most of th
e time.
Airline Reservation System shall be able to handle at least 1000 transactions/inquiries per
second.
At any instant, a maximum of four nodes or users will be given access simultaneously.
V. CONTROLS
Do the password for the account reservation and password to control the time for fly in
online.
If the user has been a guest, he will have to first register and become a registered user and
then log onto the system.
If the user is already a registered user, and if he has logged on already, he can block or bu
y the ticket, but if he has been acting as a guest, he will have to log on.
In case the user buys the ticket, the system accesses his profile and charges the price of th
e ticket to his credit card number. So they have a security number for take care their
information.
For the schedule flight and time fly all of the control by manager only, so all the system
like this have another password for caring out.
System Analysis and Design Page 20
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
3.3 FACT-FINDING
3.3.1 INTERVIEW
Interview Person:
Dato’ Idris bin Jalal (Chef Executive Offices (C.E.O) of Airline
1. What your advice when we need develop new system for Airline Reservation for our
company?
2. When we develop this system, it is this system can support for long term?
3. Who the people we must focus it for system Airline Reservation?
4. Where we can get other information to create the Airline Reservation System?
5. How we can produce this system to the worldwide?
6. What you fill about this system and it is this system we produce is easy to use?
7. When you use the system, it is you fill can make you use faster book the ticket?
8. Where you can use the Airline Reservation System to book ticket?
9. When the time this system can to use for booking the ticket?
10. How to use this system and it is the expert IT only can use this system?
System Analysis and Design Page 21
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
3.3.2 QUESTIONNAIRES
Questionnaires person:
Focus on customers.
Very Poor Poor Good Very Good Excellence
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
Evaluation of Airline Reservation System
1. It is the system very clear to use? 1 2 3 4 5
2. It is the system running so faster? 1 2 3 4 5
3. The services for this system are very good? 1 2 3 4 5
4. How about the prices this system promotes to customer? 1 2 3 4 5
5. It is this system can save the time to use? 1 2 3 4 5
6. Are you like for the free side we promote for the certain time? 1 2 3 4 5
7. It is the system is very interesting or user friendly? 1 2 3 4 5
8. The system Airline Reservation can help you to do very easy? 1 2 3 4 5
9. It is the system is stable for the future? 1 2 3 4 5
10. The system can give you advantages when you use it? 1 2 3 4 5
Commend: ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
System Analysis and Design Page 22
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
3.4 DATA AND PROCESS MODELING
3.4.1 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM
1. CONTEXT DIAGRAM LEVEL
Maintenance Receive customer Request
Flight, booking Passenger list Cancellation confirmed list
Data store Data access
System Analysis and Design Page 23
0
AIRLINE RESERVATION
SYSTEM
BOOKING DEPARMENT
DATABASE
PASSENGER REPORT
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
2. DIAGRAM O LEVEL
Booking enquiry
Request for information flight / discount
Reservation request
Ticket confirmation & status
Cancellation request
Information Acknowledgment
System Analysis and Design Page 24
2.0
PASSENGER ENQUIRY
1.0
GENERAL EQUIRY
3.0
BOOKING COUNTER
4.0
CANCELLATION
DATABASE
REPORTPASSENGER
BOOKING DEPARTMENT
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
LOWER-LEVEL DIAGRAM
STEP 1:
Request for Required Info information
Request Information Request Information Information Request
Request Information Request Information Request Information
D1 FLIGHT D2 FARE D3 DISCOUNT
System Analysis and Design Page 25
PASSENGER
1.1
GENERAL
1.1.2
FARE ENQUIRY
1.1.1
FLIGHT ENQUIRY
1.1.3
DISCOUNT
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
STEP 2:
Entry of Required New record info
Request UniquePNR Info Request
Request Unique PNR Request Information
D4 PASSENGER D5 PASSENGER
System Analysis and Design Page 26
2.2.1
NEW PASSANGER
2.2.2
PASSENGER REQUIRY
2.1
PASSENGER REQUIRY
PASSENGER
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
STEP 3:
Passenger Ticket (on the spot), Request acknowledgment (stand by)
Update D6 PASSANGER
Booking Acknowledgment Now Booking later update
Cash payment status set status/ Acknowledgement Entry stand date to confirm waiting
Choose made Status
Of payment (fair / not)
Devit number
status
Credit numbers
status
pay cash status
status CNO
System Analysis and Design Page 27
PASSANGER
CREDIT
DEVIT
CHEQUECASH
BOOKINGBOOKING
3.1.1
ON THE SPOT
3.1.3
MADE OF PAYMENT
3.1.2
STAND BY BOOKING
3.1
BOOKING COUNTER
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
STEP 4:
request for Acknowledgment
cancellation
update
D7 CANCELLATION
Acknowledgment
Validity cheque
Request Acknowledgment new Acknowledgment Cheque Status
For cancel date validity
System Analysis and Design Page 28
PASSANGERPASSANGERPASSANGER
PASSANGER
4.1.3
VALIDITY CHEQUE
4.1.1
CANCEL TICKET
4.1.2
RESHEDULE
4.1
CANCELLATION
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
3.4.2 Data Dictionary
System : Airline Reservation Date : October
Label : Social Security Number Order : Online Booking
Type and Length : 9N Default Value : None
Source : Employee Acceptable Value : Any Positive Number
Security : IT Department User Responsibility : IT Department
SYSTEM DESIGN
4.1 OUTPUT AND USER INTERFACE DESIGN
Return One Way
System Analysis and Design Page 29
Flight Hotel
Flight + Hotel
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
4.2 DATA DESIGN
System Analysis and Design Page 30
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
4.2.1 ERD DIAGRAM
1 M 1 1
1 M
N
1
1 M
CONCLUSION
System Analysis and Design Page 31
Flight System
Passenger Check
Ticket
Online
Seat
Online
Ticket Receipt
Travel
Diploma in IT Management COLLEGE MCS
10.1 ADVANTAGES OF THE NEW SYSTEM
1. The work can be easy to use when a new system has.
2. The customer can book the ticket vary faster and can reduce the time, cost and energy.
3. Less staff needed for working, when use the system online because all the work can do
with system only.
4. Can give advantages for our company such as reduce bills for rent of office, reduce staff,
and reduce budget to buy paper for documentation.
5. Less personal touch and harder to sell for company.
6. Less risk of double booking ticket for one customer or delay payment because system
automatically checks before you send your book ticket.
7. Customer don't neet to leave home and they can book ticket find it easier in the system
online.
8. You can get discount when you use credit card to pay the payment for booking ticket.
9. You work to book ticket can be easy with have a Airline Reservation System.
10.2 DISADVANTAGES OF THE NEW SYSTEM
1. Any staff must have inters access and computer skills to use Airline system.
2. Our company must pay the payment so many and expensive.
3. When the system have are problem maybe system must stop or system run slowly.
4. When the electric blackout system problem automatically all running program stop.
5. The customer doesn’t know how to use this system to book ticket.
10.3 SUMMARY
System Analysis and Design Page 32
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10.4 REFERENCES
System Analysis and Design Page 33