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No. II-Vol. XLIX. 16TlI I> "'{CII, '95" P"'CI:, ~'x PtNC[ ~S ~
S SS S
IS ~ ¥ ~ s'S SS SS CIVil DISOBEDIENCE $S uComplete Civil Disobedience is rebellion without the $S element of violence in it. An out and out civil resister SS simply ignores the authority of the State. He becomes an ~.S outlaw claiming to disregard every unmoral State law. . . S~ Submission to the State law is the price a citizen pays (or S
his personal liberty. Submission therefore to a State law SS wholly or largely unjust is an immoral barter (or liberty. SS A citizen who thus realises the evil nature of a State is S'5 not satisfied to live on its sufferance and therefore.. · . he SI~ invites imprisonment and other uses of force against SIs himself. This he does because and when he finds the $IS bodily freedom he seemingly enjoys to be an intolerable $
I'S burden. · · . Thus considered, Civil Resistance is a most S,$ powerful expression of a soul's anguish and an eloquent $S protest against the continuance of an evil State." $S -Gandhiji S's ~l?t~t~l =t\(d.~~ (H'Jl S$ $S ".!IlQcl':11 ~'~"'l' ~f<\otat Qt'~t iil ~ll1lotl ~'~l{I';{ r1-11':11 "\'.1\'<\1 ,)1~1'{. "t~"t~l lIr~-t·t rot',)1 Hotl'. $
! $ ~lctl{-{\ ~~I..fi ~f<'\~ :lIf.':\~"'1-11 Is~~. (t '\1<11':1 ~1 ..,l{-11 ..,~ ~"(\dI ~~~l wm..(\ ~'PL"'1-11 ;,.-1I~ ~
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~ ~~~ lll::l 't"1 W ..'ll ~ ~.'(/~ \ iJllql((t1 ~.t{l·n ~.4. iJ"" ~14.~I':1 'HI !t~ iJI ~<1~ctl llil ~.£I<fl eS ~~~I ~\~l 1{~~11 ~'111{. ;~ .{\:l\th ~I.-{Qotl ~1·~':1. ~l {H e,1i>\ ~ CI C\.{\ ~l{I'H ~111l ..i ~'f11't '11-111 SS o\t{\. ~':1 (\t{\ ....a l ........1-11.{\ ~...,~ '\ n.{\ 1I1ll ~<fi \1'J 't~ ~!' "'t'1\9'('~~::t ~I'ui~ ~". ~l <l fQi~ •
..~ lsl ii> ..,'til ~"t11.{\ tltrl.fh ~"t,f';{'11 ~ (t 9:lPt't~1 ~l<l. if ~ 0=1 'l.'\~~ V11Tr\)'i ~1:lt11 'll ~ '" ~$ ~, {\(\ i'.'\<1i 1I14.U':11 ~11-1q ~.~ ~ aotltl{l-tt t{~l iih :lIf.\-t )f't'JI ~l.t~1 ~':1 .i)h ~1'1l{'t l.lt'", :>{l:l $S \a",\ ~ll\~1 .t"\'l<1 1\ll~ ~." ,. ~
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IS. $~I mmmmmmro(§}m(9)(Q)(§.}mroIDmmll§l'IDmm~}~)offi"W-0}~l10.{0 .~~
'MDrAM 0'1"10" 16th March, 1911
JUSTcCafest
JAYBEE SILK HOUSE39" MARKET STREET. JOHANNESBURG•
P. O. Box 5'69.
UNPACKED!SILKS
SAREES,
LATLSTsnLCS
INMl:N'SLAoU:.S,
&0'CIIILDREN'SClIAMrALS.
&
Phone 33-6ll9.
CIIILDREN'S GeORGETTE SMOCKI.OrROCKS,I;'\.CCLtF:NT \\ORK 11/· ...~ch·
-0-
Sarte Borden, Jul Trllnmlol." AI...).I" Sloc'"
+I" orAL CrOR(;LITI:In 011 ~hAd" IS (, ,d.
+I" ['\IOQSSeD GLORGEITClk.yllrul nor,,1 & Dad'el Deol!:" 1116 )".
+I" \ LLVET Cllt'lILt:: CLORGr:rn.H/Ii )d
36" U1NG Vf.LV(T UDtfll>h,blc 15 II )d.
36" COLOURED SATINDl:AlnE 6 II )d.
3G" COLOUllW SATIN 3.11 )d.
ALL SHADes IN STOCK.
BULLBRA~D
FERTILIZERS LTD.SARNIA NATAL.
"ml THENew MIRAa.E
DURA·PO\\I:R IIlAl 'SPRING
ADVANCE 1950 MODELS
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.~ltl~i ~hl-t '! ~u/~l5\
~~i~dl &'tcU 1I~
~l4 t~~l
",(t. \9 ~l"\fi~
"ilefi Ul~t ~Et ~~~. !It:fi 'u1ll ill&dl =-u'8~'
~ (qllal "lil ft'iibS:
THE
Kctsturba Gandhi memorlitl HumberOoplel of g...turbllo Glloudhi Memorial Number ~D ~ h'
8\ tbl. oIDoo et h. 3d. Inola.lIoB pORtage.
'JncUan (!Jpfnfon}Ihccnix, ]fatal.
~re YOU a subscriber or·Indian Opinion'
If not, Wily no',?
(6th Mar('h, '95.
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I <0(<1 <>1 c\':l I "t{l«. (loll'" lI'l.Il~'l ,..t[1'I.;;>! ~l.!l>:tl
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" ....1... ' MINDEN PLUMLEY~ .." "«.do" Poue~ Cclloeg••"d CTimlnal In...Ul~i.\.il)n 0 .. p.rlm~nt, Nt:w ~ cotland Y ..:rd. London
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eompenc;ation, Ete Ete.
"11 (t(\ «\"t\1 It"'\.{\"tl.i .!?·~,)nrtl. ~Pl., il,n !l~ 1I1~~
~Ml, itlH "'l~, l~! :"11~l, 1t1"t\t.I~I;j, (,<,>1.11 «\l\1~1.
~\l~l! 1\~~ t.~! ~<\'1.'1.1 1\l\I'-'l.1 §'1"li'l ~Hl'l Y.J.t.,1f\ !.,\.{\:-t §'1<rl'1. ~I'I'{ ;; ~·h t.,ln.{l ~"~I ~.
Telephone 33 4478
Tel Add "RUSTO~IJEE"
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niqona I Slrcct,JOI1I1 tHlrSBUT\G
.................................................i TUIn'lIwl O/),ccI
!
\IL ~~~I~.~.I.~~S~~~~•••••.•_ .
JAlBHOY RUSTOMJEEPrincipal RepTesentative POI The Union Of Sonlb Alrica
, ...."''''_.....~......_ ......_ ......_..."'_.. '''1~ .J.Va,'flJ O{lice: I[ .,NATVAR 1'l\ANSION' ~
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.- ...
t SUNDAY from.. NAIROBI-
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And A Thouund More Set\. I II'
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~,'it ",(14 ../tl'1L ~a ~~,(l a~41 a", ~lrls\ ott••_iih&~, lDta :loti~ ~:l{<1 ...':t~\-
~ &~I~ l",~~ ofi5\ rtII .." "lot~. a~1 ~lll ,il. dC'", \llifo ll.1" ~IUI "'L~Ir(L )lui"" cll~l '1''''L~1 ~';\ ~"II\ "'11"111 ""uh
For QUALITY •••MODERN •••
and ATTRACTIVE PRINTING
B. I. S. N. Co. Ltd.S.S. Amu salling for Bombay on lht Marth, takIng only
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P;nsengcn must conform with the V.1ccination and YellowPever innocu!:lllon requiremen., and obtam certificate" (rom tbeirnurest District Surgeon. InnoculJllon by and certifit,)lcs from
private MedlC31 Practitioners will not be accepted.
-----------------_.....
(L W, Ritch)
MANNERS AND THE MAN
I:
No. II-VOL,-XLIX.
OF aU subJ~ets, llut of Courtesyhas bt~n thrust to the fore·
front of disCUSSIon tbis past week,
Illd from some, at least, of the
V1eW!J advanced, it \liould seem insult and injury to !la\e tom·to baH been made fairly c1e.lr pletely heal~d and Ihm surs to
tbat CourtO}' en hardly be ton- havc elltirely dlSJppeued, it maysldeud ~ South AfriC.1·s lao£, or be safely cl.1imed tbal they ariluse
Itrong suit. j no resen'ment or iII.(ecllDg. but
U tbe test of genllem.1llli. merely s~rve to remind thdr
nesS is, as some b~li~ve, consi. wearers of tbe dangers that mayderation for albers' fedlngs more follow a repetirion of o[d mistakes.
f"pcwUy of wose occupying Indl.1's freedom was won be
,.lut i3 generally accounted a C.1use, it W3S contended, for thelQWer social status, few WIll ven' courteous way, Fought for the
lun to deny that here in Soutb gentlemanly way. BeC.1use through
Mia there exists. very consl' out tbe long, p.inful slruggledrnble field indeed lor improyc· there occurred a minimum of
lIIttlt in wlut IS commonly ,-:ailed violence, hatred and relahalion.
·'MJ.nners." Beause In short, It W.1!l conduCI'
Sir Habert Stanley look the cd tbe berolC ~y, The way theopportunity, in a [tcenl addlCss Hindu Master, tbe Buddhist
to tbe Capetown Rotary Club to l'obster. tbe Christian Masterremind his audience, indeed the M~rers of every
"Tlut people will forgive important re1igioU$ disPtl1S.1l1aninjuty atId even illlUSbCl: but taught such. Sltuggle should be
they will DC\'et forget insult:' waged,Truly, this achievement of
"Never" is, of cour:;e, a long IlId~'shbtratloo,through suffer-time, and Sit Herbe[ Stanley's ing and self sacri6ct should servelencrWation is, perh.Jps, some- [0 furnisb mankUld wllh ;m In
...bat too wide, ForU1II.ltrly man· dehble example of tbe one and
kind dClC.!! include lOme wbo are oo1y correct way to right "'raogs,asnble of riSlDg superior to 111- Unforrun.21c!y, however, GandhiIUIt and even of feelIng puy for lis arc of rare grOWth and thethe ignount, iJI'll1a1lJlered offend- nce IS slaw-agolllSin~ly slower. lu tbe rruin, however, Sit to prollt by its lessonl.Herbert iJ correct.
The aggressIve self.•sserhve.It IS rebled of the Japancse, ness tlJat callously dISregards tbc
during the RUS!Io-]apancse War, fetllDgs of another, howevertUt every tu:oe a Japmese soldier humble and lowly w[ other may
b4yonclted • RUS!Iian, he accorn- be, is indlcabve of sometblDg brplOied tbe thrust wllh a "T!Ut's&om. the Yc.lJow 'Monkeyl" ([he more serious llun merelv bad
manners,Itflll of COntempt wed by [heRIwW1s towards the Jap.1ll~e). Bad manners may he but the
result of lack of pollsb) a deliUp to compautivcly rcanlly, ClWcy that is onI)' superficul.
Ibe Bast, parucularly India and Tbe woundmg of anolh~r, theChina, werc over a very IOllg humIliating of .DOlhcr, sell.period compelled [0 "bow down magnification at Ibe expense ,)fbefore the blas[" of Western con- loother, arc far worse than mrrdytempt aad u.ndlSguisedly claimed lIegal1ve defectl. ibey eVlder;ce
, (upcnotlty sueb as is popularly the prevalencc of a bruti,hnes,ascnbed to the relalionsblp be- thar dlSeDtItles the offender [0 betwecn God A.lmlgbly and a black reg;uded as CiVIlIsed.beetle.
In many iostances they arc thelbpplly, Ihosc dark days arc nusk of cow..rdlCC, " presuQul'Ig
past; certainly as b. as India is upon the weakJIess and hdplus.conccrned. If It 15 stili some- ness of the uohappy VICUIlI; ofwhat soon for the wOllndl of h1s lnlbihty to retalme.
The bte Rev. ehas. Andrew'Swas beard 10 ttll how he posillvcly
dreaded w..lklOg Ihe slreces of
]oh.lnnesburc in compJny "ithan IndIan, because he was in
roD.Uact feu of tbe latter bemginsulted.
The Incredibly huge volume of
sWutory insult and indignityenacted wllh the sale object ofdegrading South AfricJ.'s non.Europeans bas, of course, been
itlflucnced by botb political :lnd
economic motives. Not tbat ;his
rrukes the conducl any rhe morecreduable. Rather tbe reve~e,
Insult added to injury is 1I0t ClI.culated 10 make the miury :lnytbe e~cr to bur.
Nor WIll OWly be found withtbe effrontery to dwy that thewhole tone and almosphere per.
V3dJng the deprivation of the
non·European people's naturalrlghu bas been dehbentc\y and
calculatedly offensive. Designedwnh a view to hurndl.ung themand crullng ill thelt own COQ.
sClousness a feeling of mferiorllyand UIlworthlllcss.
II Ius, of course, completelyfailed in thu respect. Tbe n :ltuf,Jand legitimate aspirations of tbeBantu Native arc h:lrdly hkely to
submit to frustration mdefinllely
because he I' ube1led "Kalir"and In some quarters even re.
Barded as a sub-human. TheIndun barrister, doctor, traderor tiller ol tbe sad IS brdly hkely
10 remun COntent With tbe Slatusof "Coolie" because the powers
llut be bave so desigo.teu him
and aire to rD,ke bis life 10 the
Union unendurable. The Eura.
ftican is very obviously oat going
C.1lrnly to submit to a reduction
oE his meagre tbough hard-won
s13Cu.·, because the Apostles of
Apartheid find it nece~s.:lry he
should rebecome • "Botnot:'
The piry of pItIes, of cOllrse IS,
that in their fafl;ltlcal bhndness, It
15 not usv 10 UnderSl.1Dd, the
N..........
offenders arc !O comp'clely
obltviou, of the posltlvdy ioevi·
uble con~rquences oE theIr own
obstinate folly.
From lime iwmemofl:ll we have
been uUj;ht that ODC of the most
certJIO of N.1ture's !JWS is.
"Like produces LIke," Love
quiches :lnd geDerales Lovej
H3te O1rouses HJte. Injury to
aDotber's self-esteem almost in.
eVll:lbly arouses resentment of
the bitterest klDd.
Nothing, 00 the other hand, istruer Ihan that 'Nobless. Oblige:
KIJldhnes3 IS the HJIl·Mark of
the Gentle Mm. "The example
the leadlOS men of • people St',
IS what the ord nary peop'e
follow," leaches J. well-known
scripture. Allowances can be and
should be made for popular
ignorallce due, n:l doubt, in some
measure, tv :I nJtlOIV p3fochial
OUllook and .l hOfl~on tbat i~
limited to the plJllel.llld of the
Af"bller's immet.lute environ
m.m.
WhJt, however, it IS difficult to
credIt, IS th.t the people's leaders,
the most faoJtlcJI :lpostles of
Apartheid, whose pemnnnel posi.
tlvely SCmtlllaleS with Doctou,
DIVIDes, Professors :lod eminent
Lalvyers, should, in Ihe face oE
tbe ovcrwhclallng eVIdence 10 tbe
cootrary In thlJl twentieth century
shrunken watld of ours, stili be.
lIeve that the merits of • man
depend upon his colour, That
they seriously expect to be :ablr
to put bJck the clock to Ibe day~
of tbe trek·wagon and enEorced
labour, seems equally IDc[ed,blt:.
Wb...1 iheo is Ihe explaoation?Perhaps only the Gods know,CCrl.11D It IS, in the wordJ oE thapoet:-
"or thiS be: sure. III tanh, or Air(,00 and. Goo II 1llU., Ille htllwbC'.....
Ani'! N('me.tn COO\('\ \\Hh .a foot
SlJ flCH
00 tbe 1~'''1 1'1111, a, In Rc£'C'nlStfc:cl."
PO IHtlAN OPINION 16th March, 1951
NOTES
The Fate or Step-ChildrenTill:: DUIP.ln cuy CounCIl hJ1
lon~ hcen [JCCU 'with 'herlue~llon oflhe nmov.,1 of slumconditions Cr,JleU by Ih, Arric.,n,~t CJIO MJnor, nCJr Ih, City ofDurbJn, anJ of provldmr, properhOllSIO~ (,cllluc; for ,helll. Whilethe City CounCil 11 'lIllIe JlwJnu mosl enlhu3lJ.llC In 11l1kln~
Ihe Clly Ihe maS! atlrJC!lVC In
Ihe whole 01 the Unlon, by provu.ltn[.: ~II klUd, of comfore- JnuIUKurIL> for Ihe Curc>peJIl public,I! IS, 1\ must regrelfully be slJled,ClImrnJllyapJtlieclc In fnovld,ngeven Ihc bare neeeSJIIlCS of lifefor lbe non·EuropC1ns. LikeStep.c!uldren lhe (JUer must cry
Jnd cry Jnd cry bdore they CJnsuccecd In drall'lllC Ihe JllentlOnof the puenLS Jnd then lhe un'kind parenls Will ~Ive them afrown Jnd thlUSI Ihem JSlde.Then when Ihm cry sllll conlinue> ;lnd allrJCts people ~rouud
and the poSItion of the pJrentsbecomes;l bll ernb:lltJssJnC Ibepueals begm ImlSt grudgillcly 10
pJY J lmlc aHenCion. But Iheallenllon Ibey Will pJy IS to secwhJt ;III rhe children IlJVC Jnd If30me JppeJt 10 luve IU,I ;I lYee
bit more they wJlI be deproved ofIt Joll It 'JII be relllstnbutel! 10
SJtlsfy rhe nOIsy ODes. ThJt IS theklod of trouule Ihe oon· EuropeJnsarc hJvlng with lhe DUrOJll .::'ItyFJlher~. IndlJllS h3 VC e~tJbh,hed
themselws in Cator M3tlOr nowfor mlny long ye,rs Jnd nolY itI~ proIJO.ed to uproot them Inorder 10 provide housmg hClhllcsfor the AfflCJns.
In November last year Lhe CityCouncil ;l1kcd for po\\'US toacqUire 661 Jcres of bnd at GJloMaROr ;lnd ;In Jsslsted 103n of£550,000 to develop the areJ,purch3se bod Jnd provide AfllcJUhousiag, The E~ecullve ComulIlIce of thc NJral ProvJncl31Admmimatlon 00 WcdncsdJyagreed La the DurbJn City COlincIl's scheme With CUI;llll re,erVJlion" The rc>ccvJlions, accord·ing to Press reports, Jre dut e\'prop[lJtion would only be ;lgrccdto 1£ Ihe owner of thc bnd con·eeenel! IS nOI III OeCUpJlIOll 1ndthe Coullcol 113. llllJe a rCJ.onJble orror to jlUrLlll>oC thJt hnd.The offer I11mr rlkc due rel:utlof re"erJlllllr~d \.lllte~JnJ muslhave cllha beLll refu>cJ or!luored by Ihe DWllcr,
WhIle the Ind\.1n commuoityWIll deeply appreciate Ihe,e reservallons made by Ihe ProvinClalEKecu!lVe Cornmltlee, with tbeAdminIStrator, Mr. D. G. Sbep.slone Silting on ir, 'It Clonot butdeplore the 'lIltude of Ihe CityCouncil III duregardlnc Ihe Indun sundpoillt, tlut 1here >eevasl tracts of unp~pu1Jted bndwhere houses for the Afric~n,
coul~ be erecled Wllhout tbe oeed
Ropresentatlon Of NonEuropeans Bill
AMOTION [or luvetolntroduce~he Represcnl;lllOI1 of NOD
Europeans BIU, WilS moved 10 theUnion House of Assembly 00
Tbursd.y. MJrcb 8, by theMloisler o[ [he Interior, Dr. T. E.D~ngC5. Mr. StrJuss, the Leaderof the Opposition, fal3Cd a pointof order, the terms of which wereas follows: "Whether Ihe B.IIdocs oot, In lerms Qf SectiQ!l.S 35;lod/Qr IS2 of the South AftlaAct, require LO be p:l3Sed by aloint silllog d. botb HoU3cs ofPJrlument, convened by theGovernor·General by coCSSJge tobOlh Houscs under Section .58Jnd 152 of the South Afrie.1 Act,io thaI il embodies, J.S it principletherof, provisions which: (I) Seckto dIsqualify peuoll!l in Ihe Cape,wbo, under the UW3 U1Sting inthe CJpe al the establishment ofUnIon, ;lre Qr mJy become C2pableof belDg registered J.S vOlen frombeing so registered in tbe Province by reasoD of their race orcolour only, (2) Seek to removefrom Ihe regisler penoll.S regislered ;IS vOlers in Ihe Cape by re.1sononly of disquJlilienioD based onrJce or colour, thereby iofriagingthe provisions of Subsection :2 ofScellOU 3S of tllc South AlrlaAct which said serooo CJIlnot beamended or repealed save in theIIUIl!lcr !Jid dOWD in Section 1~2of Ibe ,$Qulh AfriC.l Act. Aod,whether, therefore, the motionfor !cavc 10 icuodllee tbe BIllshould not be d"allowed," Afler;l lengthy debare the Spuker Uldhe would give bis rulmg at Jlater d.tle.
10 ddJlO'i~C5' prople of lindowned by them [or rUIdenl131purpose!, W; can quite under·slJnd Jnd Jppredale such a stepon Ihe p.n nf Ibe City CouncilhJd lhere been a dearth of !Jod.But the City CounCil Iwbl'ed [0 prove Ihal tbere j,
such a deHlh where.1s proof.10 Ihe conuuy are not wJnling,We therefore fall tn see anyre.1son for the City Counctlnot 10 uke into considerationlbe very reasollJble suggutioo putforward by Ihe le.dm of theIndlJo communilY 10 C21J togelber all tbe lDIClcstcd partlU10 a rouad uble Confer"lce tosolve Ihis questlOo witbout call"
ing bUllburn on aoy Side.
8,000 Ma.rch TIlrough City
While the legalny o[ inlloducin~
tbe Coloured Funchise Bdl Wa:!
beIng debJted io tbe House ofAs,ernbly, a procession esrun:tedby tbe pnhce 10 Dumber 8,000mJrched tbrough tbe .uee~ ofCapetOWn c.3rryioll banoen andchaDliog Plotul ag~inst the io·troduCllon IIf Ihe BIll and eveatwlly galhered at Ibe puadewbere spcechu were made. Beit saId to the crroll of the or·gaouel'5-lhe Nauonal Co ordlllJ'tmg Coaventlon md tbe" Fno·eblse Action Coll1J]]lllee-thereWJS not a single untoward in·eident.
Tribute By Police Chief
Lt.·CoI. G. P. Brio. DeputyCommissioner of Police, 10 astarement to Ihe 'Cape TImes'said: "I Jm Yery satisfied witbIhe behaviour of the people inthe proc=ioo. Their conducttame up 10 all my CJ(p~clatioDS'"
Colonel Bril: paid spcCl3I tribute10 lhe work of tbe F~ochise Action Committee "ewuds. "Theydid a splendid job io k~eping
order and controlling the crowd,"he SJid. LaIc at nigbi. the pobcereported Ihalno ~rrC3ts had bccom~de for drunkenoess or otbadlSturbJnces of Ib03e who hadukcn pm in Ihe dcmooSllalion.
MC3S;lses
The grealest udtemenl 'InS
caused at the Parade meetiogwhen a. reciptOClI meS5.lge ofgood.will was announced to have orenreceived from Dr. KWlme Nkrumah, leader of the Gold COJStConveDtion People'. Pmy. whicb
forms Afrlu.'s lim Nalive Pu.Iram~nt. Dr.]. S. Moroka, PteS1delll·General of the AlriCJ~
Nallon.1 Cocgress scnt the (of.lowmg telegum 10 the FunchlJeAwon Cornmiuee: "00 beh~[ ofArrlC.1n people aod my3C1f I wisb10 assure you IhJt we arc solidlyWllh you. We must SUCCCtd
ag.1I1s1 oppre:13ion and nploiulion Wb3t ..e ...nt U freedom[or ~11 Sourb AFricns." B.,jdcsthese there were olba mesugestoo.
Resolution
The foUowing reso[uliou 1nlI
p.used by tbe meetmg al IheI Gr3t:1d Paude. C,pelowrt: "We,
Ibe people of tbe CJ~, assembledin IlUS3 concou",e on tbe GraodP.lr:lde, condClllll completelY tbeReprt3en~tion of NIll:I-EuropcJllJBdl as :LO iDiquitol13 and III1ligiuotmwure which will rob lbe Col.oured ~ople of long'mndia,poltlical rigb II and redua: thClll
to &\I inferior ~ili:enship ,Utili,
"We are convinced th.t thisBill III it pUI of rbe Go?erntllCllt"nnnoeuvre to abolub .01 (lQlitICIIreprcs<Ilution for the noa-BlllOpnn peoples preparatory to tileclllllUutiQn of 3U forms of democntic government in Soutb AIri=.
"We tberelore dClllalld tIximmedlate wilhdrawal of the Bill.ad caJ.I OQ tbe Govcrnmmt todesist from uki.og mca.nues to
tamper with the existing limiredrighu of the people."
South Mrican ProtectIonHov.ment
The Soutb African ProtectionMovClllent which st:lrled in tbeWestern TramvuI .bout fiveycm ago to further ElUOpwI
trade by diacounging EuropeaIIJfrom dealing with Itrdim traden~!:lim.s to haY( 120 branche:athroughout the TransvW, IIgives J.S its aim Ihe "endiD, of I
Indian penetra1ion into Etrnl· 1
1
,1••
pUll and Native arw." TIle12·mec eucutive C'DrDlllittee o( I,the movement Iud dean up. I!plan under which .ill Itrclilll.!l ill Ithe TrJllSvaJI were to be bowedin aD art.) nf aboul 50,000 Imorgen in the KOlllati portioa ofthe Balberton dtsllicr, bordrring I.on Portuguese ~I AfrieJ. rt ,I
utimated the t0131 cost of the 'llscheme to hOlUe about 35,000Indi.ltls in Ibe Ue.1 .:It about I[20,000,000. The introductioD10 the piau st.:lted Ihlt tbe Kamltiara bJd been rrcnmmeoded be·awe there were possibllitia Ih.ltthe Ue.1 could be trtiptcd and
S.A. TURNS DOWN U.N. RESOLUTION
01
OBITUARY
IlINDIAN AFFAIRS"(Monthly JournAl of tbe
Indian National Congre.. )News about ol.lr countrymenhom n\l pam of tbe world.
Wrile for advertisement [[ltc, tal
The Manager "INDIAN AFFAIRS,"1 Jalltn 71lantar ROld,
NEW DELHI,
We relUet to discover thedCBtb niter a Illness 0' IJIlJeeSLail<h !lUDell which took placeat his residence in :. Mitch/elRoad 00 Marcb -I. 'rho hteHaiee Shllikh Hlfflad wboWIlS over 80 years of 11$:0 wasODe of tbe oldest rtsidcnl' 0'llulban. He took D promioeotpalt 1[\ lhe polilica1• iOClllledut.itional ood religiou, activities 0/ «be commuoity during Ihe days wben lfahalmaGlIodbi "-81 Bt the belm 0/allnirs in ~oulb Aldell. JIllleaves ~ehl0d hil widow lodtwo !oas lIfr. Shaikb Abmedlod Sbnlkb lIassen who baveJoo~ beeo ~bly conducting thebusioess eSlablhbo j ly tbeir'ather in Pine Street known 88
Sh"kb Himed and Soos ladand also the ,uboaglDcy of tbeBrilish [ndiB Do.....
mao."In view of the fact that,
according to the ,tntementmllde by (be pJrly JeuJer~, lbeIcbelDe is in conOict' witb thogeoeral principle' o[ tho GroupAre3s Act, the CODJ:less DOW
decides to set D,ide the scheme."0,. S. J. dll Plessis, of Heidel·
ber~, 'O\'bo iostrucled tbc motioD,whicb wa, adopted, eaid thatthere were many other 1I'ay.wilhio the framework of theGIOUp AtellS Act aDd ia Oilierfields, iDcludiD~ the hoycotliol{01 ladlao ,bops, in wbich themllvemenl coulJ he of gleatuse.
Ihe movement ahould meke tbaGovernmenl's tll5lo difficult, thar ~solulion IDid.
"The step, tokeD by tbe orsnnication to prollllllote tbe ideaof 000 J:roup 8Jtn lor tbe Ir.dions in tile TransvllQl wcaetB1ten Itdclly io lIccOrdanclIwith no !I~cetmeot renchtd williDr. VerlVoerd and Mr. Schat'.
Obeys OrdersThe CODllren 01 the South
Alrian I'rotection MovcmeDt,at its fourth 8noual lenioo inPretoria last Satuld.y, decidednot to go further "ilb ils pro.posal to settle III Jndians in tbeTra.D,vaal in ODe group Drea,
Tbe Coo~ren adopted 8 tOO
tion e.lpre"iog frllret tbM ami~under.!tllodiog hld ariseobet",ceo tbe GorernlDent plr\ irsand tbe orgllni'atioo.
lilt waf never intended that
OPINION
NATIONALIST PARTY LEADERS CURBANTI-INDIAN PROPAGANDA
INDIAN
WEDDING
similar circumstaocu to two 111dian srudents from Natal. The
Students' Representative Councilbu, by 22 YOto 10 one, decided
to protest, and so has tbe
Student' LIberal Association.
Capelowll, Tbursday, March 8.
A WARNING to the Suld.Afrikannse Des1:elmiDgs.
bewel!iot (Soulb Africno Pro.teclion Moumellt) not to indulge io politics i. given in 0
.tatemeot by tbe Prime t-tinister,'The mmi~se of Mr. bauil C. Dr. Molao, a. leader 01 tbe
Meer. an active member of the NatioDoli't Palty. tbe MinialerNalal Indian Congrus to MiS3 of Fioanre, lIr. HageOl:8, osFal.inu Meer, daughler of Mr. I~der 01 Ibe Aftikaoer Porly,
tbe Uinister 01 Land,. Mr. StryM. L Meer of tbe 'Indiao Views' dom IS leader of the Nationalisttook place at the bride's residence Part~ io the Transvaal, Dnd theOCtan View, 68 Bamboo Lane, Minister of Justice, Mr, Swart,PlDelOWD, 00 Sunday, Much II. 113 leader of the NationlllistThe ccremollY was atteDded by;J Party io the Free State.btge Dumber or promineot mem' The OlgBnisation \Val atnb-
lilhed to dis~ourBl(e Europeansbers of the Indiao commuoily from buying from Indian tradeJ~.
and many EuropC.1n guuu wbo lhe statement S"}S tbat reowere ~U enCCrtaiaed with mwial cently the movement. by me.lnsitems ~ppr:priate to tbe occ:asion of public meetiD/l1 Bod ol~er
and (j ht refreshments aflcr the. wis~, bas pr~pag~ted th~ Ideag tbat 1111 [ndlilns ID tbe rrao!-
ceremony. vaal should bf- conlined tn onearell in terms of the Group AreasAct.
"Such a scheme is o~viou.ly
10 much in coo Diet with the!leneral idea 01 the Group ArenAct tbat the movement is run.nint Kleat danger, if it con·tinues on thrse line., of findingitself 00 political territory andtbu, C'lu,lng frictioo, COO!llctaod disiotegration in the ra nksof tbe Afnltaoer natioo, tb~
Itatement says.
'[n their difficult talk of bring.iog about racial peace (or racebatred l-Ed.) among tbe v.uious IrctioDS, tbe two paeti~
cannot allow the propagation 01uopraetica! meaOI and plao. tobe placed in ill way, the 5tatement continuH.
"The idea of COnfiD iog allIodianl in tbe Transvaal tn onearea i. totally impracticableaDd tbe two partie, warD thatno lupport sbould be given tolucb a plln."Sapa
16th March, 1961
Witt Indian Rdustd Permit
Athird Indi.m Itudelll at theUnivmity of the Witwatersrandtw bccn refused a permit by theGcvtfllllltllt to enable bim torontiDue lw studles in the Transul1. He is Mr. F. Nai 00, ofwt Londllll, wbo wt yeu completed hU first yur of study forthe B.A. de~n. Tbe rci30npvtn by the autborities w~ thaIbc1ltics for Indian students,.-m a\'1ihble in the Cape. Mr.Naiduo wu thus unable to returnto the Witwatersrand this yur.Un yur permits were refused in
devtlapcd 10 CJrty a concrnlraledropu!Jtion. "Tbe s~e of 'beBubcr'OD district is 1,745 sqlUre1lI1!C3. Fifty IhoU53nd rDorgm isonly one 63l1tb pul of the surfJccaru of Ihe Tnnsvul. TheAJiatic populJtion of Ibe Tunsual is len tbm a IOOth p:lrt of,be 'out popuhtioo of 'be pro-YUlCt," it is ugucd.-Sa~,
TIlE Unl~Natlollt Seoretariat lw announoed Soutb Afrloa',.reJeoUon ot the United Nallon. OrpDlJstloo', ruolnl!on
ealllllK lor a ronnd table oonlerenoe On tbe lIueallon at tbelreatment or IndIAn' In tbe UnioD. I
Tbe Be~retary-gentral', Office releated I leiter, datedl1arcb 1, from Mr. J. R. Jordun, Bouth Africa', deputy pertDaIIent repretenlaU,e 10 the Ualled NIUon•••8,iDg that thetet1llll of \be rellOlutloo COlltmnted IntenentloD In tbe Union',domttUo 11I81n.
The Uolon were, theretor•• aoable to accept the rnolullonII prondlDIl I bul, tor an, rQond table conferenoe, the leiterDId.
"The UnIon Gournmellt are tartber Dnable to Icctpt tbatI. P3lt of the r~latlon relatlol to the ntabllahmeot Qf I threeI I melllber commtnlooto ....lJt the partlea 10 Clrrllng tbroullh, I Ippropriate negotlaUoDs 1n the ereot ot the tallore et the• ao,ernmenlll conoeroed lo hQld .. round table oonleron04l berore
April 1. 1951," It oootlnned, reporlt Renter."Altbough the Uolon Oortrnment oonlldel'll that relOlutlon
t1u.~pt&ble Ind oooUtlues to hold tllat tbe DUtter Qonoerned I.onblde the oompeunOCl of the United Nationl, It whhes tomake it aleer tbat It adhern to tbe pOlloy agreed apen at tbooonelUlllon of tbe tala with the Indue aDd Paldatan repre.llIolatlYll. at OIlPtlo'il'n In Febrn8tJ Qf I..t ,ear, In Iplte of theatUlude lakeo up e!nee that dAte by the Oo,ernmeot of Iodla.
''The formQIa lcotPted b, the three Oonrnmeola on thatoooWon 'il'1I1lI followl:-
"'It '1111 agreed ••• thlt. rOllnd table eenhrenoe be eoc'nned to uplol'1l all pOlllble 11'111 and mea,tlJ tl) little theIndian ljlleeUOn 10 tho Uolon of Booth Africa.
"II waaa~ that neltber dlaoulSloD noder this formulanor~. boldlnll ola rollnd table oonfereooeillelf Would loyo!nIll)' depsrtllJl frOlD or preJadloe to the Ilandpolot of tbe rrlploU,e Goyernment'a 10 reRarcI to the qlleetloD of dOlDutioIlUlJIlleUou,,' •
"The Uolon Government'. luttotle bill nodullone 00
ehlDge whitner elnoo tbe formull 'IIU Igreed opoo all" tbe,ba,. It the United Natlonl lIod ellllwbere reller:aUd tbelrwU11nRDUI to proe&ed with negotlatLone co the balla of IheOepetorrtl talh. Obllaoltol t'J tbe Ill.lDlDOD!nll 01 I rOllnd tableooAfel1lnOCl lie therefore nOI wltla the UDloo."
IHDIAH OI'IHIOH 16th M2rch, 1951
By AYLMER ROSE
PROGRAMME FOR DEMOCRACY
il S. A. NATIVE ~VIEW OF GOLD COASTElECTION~
'INKUNDLA VA BANTU' dated Marcb 10, wriles: "EveryMrlC.1O III IhL'l country Will have rejoiced at !.he promulp
tion of the new COmlltullon of the Gold Coast as well as IhedeCIIDos hrld In the Gold Cout recrntly•.• There 3re lDIporuntlessons which mUSI be drawn from tbe evenlS..• The lint••• isIbal .1hhougb the Gold Coast is only 10 per cent. litente, bolbIh~ Blilish Government and the Bntish people weft convincedthat Ihe people of Ihe Gold C02st could be trusted With maoagingIb:ir own affaIrs. TiwI is hardly SUlprUIDg. Indu wu giyen bermdependence when she was only 18 per ceot. Iilerale.
"••• This i:l of parllcuLJr ialerest foc us ia \.be Union ",bert,lDstead c.f making headway 10WArds democny and security everyeffoft IS bejng nudt CD make our slavery as a people C'OlI1plete.EXpell! on AfriC.1n .1ffm~-Wbite expem we must cmpbJ..Siuhave said pubhcly that Ihe UnIon Afti't:ID :IS a group is the mcntadvanced 10 all Africa. And Ibe facts confitm this, for, IhDUKhevery obmele l.l placed 00 our 'II~y towards a better W'e. we Ifenow belween 20 Ollld 25 per cent. literate. In olhet words We areahead of India when she got her Indepeodence and abead o/tbeGold Com whlcb is now consciously sh3pmg her own destiny.
"Bul we IDlUt remember, we .lce not de.iliog with peoplewho arc prepared to face facts nor to be rWQD.1blt. We aledealing wtrh people who, like HItler, want thiog3 to go their owoway to Ihe end of time. Par this leason, while we arc vtrYcmeful to Ibe people of Ibe Gold Co.tst for Iuvlllg struck 2nimportao( blow for democracy in AfriC.1, tbeir owu victory 13 achallenge fO us. Wt Jle being called upon to Of1:JDise Otln(!vuas a p<ople tbal we sbould be strOll!: enough 10 ensUtt COlD
pll.10ce wllh our delUJllds. Our opprCS3ors ••• WldersUnd oolyIhe language of organised stfCogth.
"The Ct.",t Ihiog we must note is m~cious =paign iawhich seCllons of Ihe White PCCS3 here have ilieady begun inbelinliag \.be people of \.be Gold Coast a.nd s:>yicg tbat they WJ1Jmake. mess o( lbdr albJrs. WlSdDm, by the ~y, n not themouopoly of Ihe White race. U it was, EUlOpe today would beI be lDost peace!ul COntIDent in tbe world. On !.hc contrary ir isnot. Ugly messes efupt flO!D time 10 time io EUlOpe. Tbll3, ifIht people of tbe Gold Co:lSt CfIcoun'tr dtfiiculties those will bethe dIfficulties wbich arc incideotal to growth.
"The Whllt plOp!!e" lold Ihe world when India got betindependencc Ih~t lhe would make a mess of it. She did nor insplle of utrcmely bloody gnllvios plins. Today Illdia is :alcd.iDgpower ill Ihe ,",orld :JQd a stabilising influence in inlenuticCJ!illlirs. The While plOpbet.s bave been proved mong. Theywill be wroog again ill tbe =e of the Gold Clnst.
[The new constitution of Ihe Gold Coast !trs up a legiSJative3.l.!<mbly, composed as follows: 75' membess elected) by .theAfdcaDs,6 members eleerrd by ('speci>.!" Ellrop.3Il ialtreS"; 3ex-offiCIO members, the huds of three imporUtlf dtpUImCflIJ inlbe civil service. There Will be 3Il u:ecutiv~ CIllDlDittft wbich\VIII function as lhe DbinCl and mil Iuve ;111 Afncan lD:IjOriry.Cemll1 powelS will be reselved (or Ihe Governor as :a saftglWdagainst a etlSls.]
achievemeot of raising the IbII.d~rtb of hving to approlimaleequality all over the world.
It will invDlve the applJl:atioll,not only of IlIlelligence, as Trotsky !aid, but of conscience aha.to every aspect of huaun afUin.
In such a soaety there wouldbe no room in mea', miodl forthnughts of war, aod the alme.tlOOS of Violent revolution wouldhave been removed. All we nndis the leadenhlp to poInt tbe 'nJIn the realwlion of tbe vi!iOll.-'Puce Ncws' dated Febnury 9.
other thmgs as well, If we, andthe !ociely ~nd civuwllon towhich we belong, are 10 survive,Iheie is no lemr price that ~n
be accep:ed.To bnng aboul a g~nerJI ~c.
ceplJnee of such values there willneed to be a great edu~lIve effortuerled simull.aneously Itl manybnds on our Side of Ihe IsnedlYJdlng u~ from the Commuol:tworld. Tbat will call for lhedevoled service of lens Df Ihousands of worke IS.
Succ.~ will imply tbe UDmeosc
But in spite of all tbis, whIchwe shall glo55 over al our penl,lbe West slill bu IDlny prtCIOusand iadJ.spcIlSJble elrments tocoatobule to w\lrld reconSlruCtion.
The daoger is Imt, wab thewroog leadersblp, lbe opporlunityof malung thel contllbullOO may'be (ost (or eyer. Our reJectloo ofthe tOl3htariaD clements in Communism may come t~ be conC~ed
With downright polttiC.11 rUCllOD.We may end by drlVlog Ihe peoplewe refuse to emanCIpate ID lhevery dHeClioc. in which we do notwaDt lhem to go. If so, we sballbe doio!: all in our power to makewar in the East aDd In AfricalI1evitabl...
There are SlJll tbree grut CODtribulJOOS t!m lbe West can maketo tbe slock of human IIlea1s: lbesuprrrnc v.1lue of the iodivldlUlpersonalHy, the democr::lCY andtbat active pursuit of humanwelfare which goes by lhe namesof philanthropy hum~nil3lianlsm,
ChrJSliall cbatlty, and wbich Iuds10 the rdorm of abuses Ihrougblove rather tlun bale.
Those are lhe lhings We PIIcfTer 10 Ihe world which ColD'munism ~nnot offer. BUllf Iheyare 10 ~ acceptable Ibey mustbe pursued WIth au energy com·parable 10 Ibat of Ihe CommuOlsl5,and combJDed wllh ,he economicaDd leehnologlcal advances tlutmake the slrensth o( Cnmmuoism.We must offer Ivhat Ihe CommllDl5lS cao give, and lhese acd
favour of war as a means of defendmg its values.Ha~ Ibe Wrst, thrn, a remedy
for thc wnrld'sllIs that is btuerIban Commuilism; that c>n fulfilbOlh its mJlC'l.al alld spirilu3)~pirallons; tho' C.1n fill Ihevacuum chat will be lefl when wecease to prepue for wu ?
Our answer to such ~ qucsllonmust not be dICtated by com·platency. It is nOI so tlut it WIll
be answered by the peoples ofAsia and Africa. They have notforgo ten our record, If we havt.There L'l tbt shameful story ofNegro s~vcry; Ihe oplum wars In
Cbina; tbe atom·bomblng ofJapan; centuries of Imperial",·exploltJ tlon and Ihe colour ballhal stdl exists in 10 maoy lands.
No wonder tbat wilb such 3
record tbe East regJrds our pro'fessions with distrusl, a dIstrustderpcned Sll1ce, under AmCflC.1nleadefllbip, tbe polley of the WestseelllS t... bave hardened everywhere inlO\e.lisuoce to le!:lt,mafecatiooaltst demand!.
The West, togelher wuh all ItsUDds for, IS, ItI fact, On lIS tmltoda}.
It can no longer cblm;l mono·poly c£ power Or of poliucal andtcchnlC.11 ability. It must lusillyitself by Ihe bene(i" ic J~ 10 aposition to confer, IC 11 IS to malll·tilil ilS position In Ihe van ofbUmJn progress, It c>n onlydecree its own destruction, ~nd
condemn lt~elf for ever In Iheeyes of 11Islory, If il decldcl In
IF we desire a pe~ctful world we(~n no longer hold brge popu·
btlons In ~ st;)te of colonj~1 dependence. ThaI is one of tbepoh1IC.1I ;lXloms DC lite present3&C, and It undullnes the WJrn·inr, conY~ycd by Ihe rapJd sprcJdof COlnmumslIl In Ihe Easc. WeC1nnOI JClOld to ICJye feSlertng~T1e vallces on ou r sIde of thebouotbry.
To Ibe explOIted masscs inbackward (OuDtms Communismpreser,ts J VCly ~Jiffcrenl face fromthat wllh winch we ;Ire (aIDllilr.For them lite mes!.1ge of COlD'munism IS one of Itberalionliberation from the cxaetlons ofIbe landlord and lhe mDDeylender and dellvcrance fromcolonlalstahlS 1010 Ihe dignity offlJlI O3llonhood.
For sucb peoples Commuoismbungs Wilh it all lhe overflowingenergy, Ihe enlhuslJsm, lhe rudiness for sacrifice, of J millennialcreed. It in~plres them wnh ahope, a VISion ~nd a pUlpOSC that;lrc truly religIOUS.
History proves that we C3nnDthope to put down J reh!:lon, leaslof all one that h~ bcen espcusedby mdhons an many lands, byforce of arms. Its conlaglon8weeps across froollen, defies allIhe measur<s of the poLce a.ndends by undumJnlog the moraleof thost ,who \Yould suppress it.
ThereIn lies Ihc chIef danger 10
be applehended flom Commun·esm. The armed watch aodWJfd of prepJredness IS powrdessagolost Ihe spread of an Idee.
Preparedness, mdeed, by stralDiog the economic structure ofsociely and lowerlOl; Ibe standardof hving, provides a SOil favourable 10 Ibe !'rowlh of IlJbVerSlVcdOClrlllC5.
But if such tendencies Jr<: to besuccessfully Icslmd it must beby the substltullOn of an Idtalthai IS not only beuer ,ban CommUnism, but IS mom'ftIlly sa,Such an Ideal wDuld have 10 out·bid CommunISm III open compcllllon for the sufftJge of Ibev.orld.
r6th March, '951 99
INDO-PAK TRADE PACT
(FROM Oan OIYN Co RRI::ir<JN 011: NT )
DlUoda, March 3
OUR INDIA LETTER
THE Indo Pakistan Trade1 All'Kemeot just si!:oed
coyen a peTio':! of ;6 monlhsaDd i. based on IndIa's recoRDi.tioo of tbe p:tr value of thePakistan rupe- as declarccJ bythe Pdistan Go'>ernment TbeAgreement. whicb is consideredby Governroeot as "satisfacloryalld io tbe be~t interests of bothcouotries.," provides for so allo.cation 01 Clne millioo baln ofraw jute io the first f('ur montbsand two aod ball million b31es inthe lobseqaeot year. J0 rt spect01 raw cet'on the Indian millswill be free to buy wbateverqOIQtities, lbey like but Ihey areDot upected to e:u:eed ICO coobales duriog tbe 61$t four monlh-.Bot for the ned ynr PakistanwiU'all=ate 400.000 bales. Asrtiards lood, Pakislan has 'dfaed :15°,000 toes, mainly rice, forIhe current year sod 15°,000toos of rice and 275.000 toos ofwheal nut yur. India willI\lPpI1 600,000 toos of conIbefore Ibe eod of June 1952 aodooe and a ball m.llton toos iothe subsequent year. A number
I of commodllies has been placedon Open General LiceDce Ly~oth alnntries
Effect Of Korean WarSbri C. D. Desbmukb, lodie"s
FiDGCC Minister, u:plainiolt tbeceed for the Pact, said illJar·liamrnt: "The demand for rawmalrIids has been Rreatly
" slimulated by tbe hostihlies in! Korea, and this bas pusbed upI the plices of all oommodities 10
8. nry hi"h level. Tbe GoveroOlent oflpd,a ba'>e therefort', in
, Ibe _lIered circumstaoce. a~IHdtbat nebar>ge tramactlon bet ....~o India and Peklstan !bou'dbe permilled 00 the basis or thepu nlue 01 the P.. kislan rupeeas declared by Ib\l hklstaoGOVtfDm-nt.1t
"CUlling Tbe GordianKnot"
The • lodustall T,me,' ofNev. n.lbl, Il<ekotlllr g the Pact,
, lay" "Ooce the deci Ion w••taho 10 Hiume tr..<!e ADd Il,ef. t "co~ol!o<'d tbal. ""halevutbe menlS 01 devaluation aodnOL-dev"lu ..tion ,n Septembu"H9, tbe ecooomic. Iiiluahonlad chan~.d so mueh with theouthreak 01 KOlean hos\llillUaod tbe large seille steel· PlttO!:ot coa:modilies for purposes ofrearmemeot by Ibe Big Pov.ers,
there was n great deal to besaid in favour of a &Irail:btdecisioo like lbe Goveroment orIndia's, to cut lhe Oordieo ~oot
and rccol:Di%e tbe eXCbaDl:"evalue of the Pakislan rupe., io.stead 01 resotlin!: to dubiousdevices like barter deals aodaccouDtiol: ill sterlinl:" wbkhwere sU~l:est~d for purpose~ ofrace.saviol'!' ......When world de.mand for jUle lind coltoo !:oodsis ~o bii:b, it is suicidal for botbcouotries to dissipate energy ininternecine strife inslead of coocentrating their maximum rIToltin tryiol:" to meet tbe demandsof the export marl.els. Jodia'~
rood dIfficulties also made itDecessary for her to purcbasefood wherever it ...as a~ailable
and DOW tb:lt tbe presfllt al:reement provides for Ind,a buyio~
whalever food Pakistan is in apOlition to ofIer, Ihe lattn isdeprived of tbe prop3~noda
poiDt Ibat IndIa "bIle sr:arcbitJl;for food in tbe far cornels ofthe world was not purcbasing itflom ber next door neigbbour."
.Mutual AdvanhgeEoumerBting thl" advanla~es
to botb the countries, tbe papersays: "Today most of our difficulties ceotre rouod scarcity offood due to re':ent unfotseenca1amities and tbe Irouhles ofour jute ol.d calion industriesdue to sbOrlel;e of row materials.Witb the promised ~r"nt of 1.... 0",ill Ion t(\OS of i:ralO by theU.S.A., of ... blcb oee milliontOllS wilt be sent almost 'mm'dHl.lely, and Ihe n)W 01 jute anll,to some t xteot, coltoo fromPakislan, tbis counhy can hopeIully loolll forward to f: beltermeDt of cond:lions ill tbe imm{diate fulure. Raw jute arrivalsfrom Pakistan will help to iecrease our expo.t of hessian andsackinl: wbile wbalever cottODbecomes available in Pak:uaoror export 10 India must go torelieve bolb ioternsl sbortllgeIlnd ezporl bllDdiCllpS in thiscountry. Pakislan 100 willbene&l ill that she Will have anassured ma-tket fer ber producenext door to her. instead cfhaving to look for scarce .hippin~ 10 ~erve overseas rosrkelswbile al the same lime I~;IIR,eemeol eOSures fat ber cer.tain sllppltes of cod aod Olb,r1:000ds which ~be nreds badly.The elimioation of the e char.geo:onl,overly hom Ihe hu 01
IDdo-ra~istllo disputes Rnd therelief it will brin\: to severel)·.'tsted sector 01 economy in hothcountriel "ill nlso 1:0 a J::ICl\tway towards impro\'in~ Iherelalloos J:,etween Ihe two countries ..
India's Neutt'Dlity
In tbe event 01 Q world wnr,the possibilities flf \' Ioilh were.cloudID~ lI,e ioteroAtional fir.m:unenl, India ~ould cettaiolytry to remain neutrAl, declaredSardi1r D..hlev S.nj;h, DefroceMinister al Ambala He calledupon the people to close uptheIr lUDks, ioculcale A ,puil01 patriotism aod thus servelodia. He ndvised tbe }ounJ::!:ro.duales not 10 toltrale tbosewho "'Bnted to crente n splitamoD!:st lhem. Sardnr DaldevSiORh ndded: "l11dia aims atpeace pod UDder tbe leadershipof Prime Minisler Neh,u, sbewould use ber eotile lorce tothis eod. Militaty lodia counlsfor Iiltle in the comity 01 03tions. Iodin b3S been tryiog 10
prevent tbe outbreak of v.ar andwill continue to do so Dut ilio spite of all her altempls thewar hloke out, lodia should bept~pated lor il." It dl~, le said.did not leck io r~ources !'heneeded proper ulllication anddevel"pmenl 01 ber I esoulces.With flO o!.>vious hiot at IhnduS,kh ut>ity he url:ed rhe p"(ll'leto (or$tet their dllT~re('lCe5 andbe imbued Wllh n "oalion~l
feelio",." lie made a passin/:rel..lerce to Pakistan aDd said:":.taybe our dlfIereoces \\ III benmicabl)· seflled," but I.e \VlHl
ed Ihe Puojabis Dot to forl:ettbat partilion h3d mad.. th~m afrontier province.
Somnath Temple{',eparatloD. are afoot for
ful61110g the late Sardar Patel'spledjte oE reviving the ~Iory ofof Somnalb by ioslalliol;' thediety early in ApIII. The sbrineof Somoalh is situaled in PIC,bbas l'attafl, a smd vllbge livemiles aWllY Irom Vcra",,,,1in Kalbea\\ar, The :empleowes ilS origin 10 tbomythological slury in which Ihotbe ~fCOD God "as $uLj'Clrd 10a Cu's~ by hi!l I.ltbel-le-lawDak.ba, for f)ayins:: I:realunUet tion to RoblDi, his" If1'. 10Ihe rlc1usion of bis Oller '27\VIVes. ror a ledempllOo fromIhis cu"" hI' prayed 10 Sh,,'aat d "'as blr's .t'. Heconslr'.Jeleja terople 01 Ln,d Shlv.l. The[lBme £on,oalh thu~ C3ffie 10mC30 LOld of <;()mA Ihe ~'oon.
Successive Inv:lSions"The mOSI curious p.. rt of Ihe
"ulory of Somn"lb IS tb:>.t 1tWD!l ,ul,jecl~d 10 several In.vasiolli. I he filst Icvasi(ln was
made by Mobd. l",LOl1VI 111 %0'25
A.D. The tcmpl!' "liS neon.slruceeJ b)' nhimadtv, lI,e fi.slnod Inter by I':ullialpal Thef crond invaslOo ,,(Is ",,,dc byAlaI Khan, hrolh.. r of SUllllDAlbello KhilJl, in 12()7 A.D.Belween 13°/1.25 A.D. tht'!lemple was reCClDslruct..d h"S'lud'anmn Kio$:' MBhipRldev~.
Til" third ieva.ion of f'nttpnwas by ~'uubrshall I in I '7~Rn,f lhe Il'mple v::>s re(OD~ Juct.hy locnl Dral:min<. The I:rnn('SOO Dod 'uccessor 01 Muzafar.sh.h led Ii four J, invasion .n%413 A.D. bUI Ibl' I~mple "lISIIl:nlO reconstrucled TillS wAS
followe<l by a filII. invnsion byMohnmmt'd Shnl. I SutD,med fe!:orain H59A D wbeo tb- 'empIe was de ecrnted by buildiogj\ mo~que 00 itt sile. MentioDis mode of tbe Gth invnsion inAkbarno"':l io Ihe 37lh year o[Akbars rl"i!:" "nti ,IS reconshu<lion hy "'hal)lIhai In T7SJ A.D.Tire !;lst Dod the 7 It recoostruclion "as roode by Aurangzebwho converled it iolo :l mosque.No attempls bave heeo madefor the last rever:!1 buodredyears lor tbe rrconstruclion ofthe templl' be~use tbe territoryin "hieh it was situaled wasundt'r Ihl' regime of the MuslimHulers of Jue:ll:adh, The Hinduh~art wnnled to se.. Ihe ~loJY
revived but Ibroul:h this 10Dltpa$SQj!e 01 liroe the chancesappeared to be remole
C. R. ReddySbri t:. Rajll:op~la~h3ri. in 0
roesss!:'e 00 the dealh of Dr. C.R. Reddy, Pta·Chancellor ofP.Iysore University, sa}'s: "Tbeloll of grier is mouotiog Anotberof our stalwarts io public lit.., abrilliant SOil of rndia. of "b('mAodhra was prouo, is goot'. TheSouth is much poorer by Ih.sloss. h is hardly neceHary toreler to Ibe person::tl aspect ofit. 113mel)'. that I ha\c l(lst otlemore o[ my importaot frieed.,".........................
WANTEDGood anJ expelJeoced :Ill roundl.hlson, pre£erred ASl1tic, onpermanent slaff. requtred Co.Cape ProVInce. State wag,s,qU.lI.!ic:ltlons ;nd when able 10
commence. Apply 10:
Glob~ (Rcgistered) Plumbers, Builders & Gener;]1Contractors.
Laingsburg, Capc.•••.....•..•.. ~ ~
, .R. VITHAL
DooHeeper, WnltD~ up Set. 01lboks, Balance Sbeels. fncemeTex RetuulS. Apply:
306 Commiaaioner St..Jeppe-, Johnnneiburg.......................•••
INDIAN OPINIO~102
SHORT STORY
THE DAY BUT ONEBy HORTENSE POWNER
THE chicken turning golden here. Maybe sbe stopped inbrown io the iron skillet on Martintowo for tb~ night. That
tbe wood raOl;e was not getting terrible lire with all those people!drs. Burton's undivided allen. getting trapped." .tioo. She turned over a wish. John raised his head (rom tbeboDe ahsentmindedly, watcbing table.1b~ s!ouching shoulders of her "TOots could'nt ever get her.Ion Joho. self Qut of a fin:. She'S so little
"Seems' like you lost your aod Lelpless like. Somehow sheappetite since you come back reminded me of tbat lamb Ihome." She prr fiered the com· brought up when I was a kid.ment hopefully, but the brown- TI-e sputtering sound of chick.haired young man io denim frying came again as Mrs- Burovuatls did Dot stir. ton Dulled the skillet back to
Two minutrs later he asked, the hot part or tbe !tlve."What did you say, Mom?" Jobn picked up tbe telegram
"Nothiog muc~.l just wonder- and read it once more. Suddenlyed if you were huogry. 1 got the lines on his forehead disfried cbicken a[ d angel 'o,d cake appeared aod a oear.smilefor supper tooil'tht." flicked across his mouth.
John reachfd into bis pocket "I believe I'd better go outaod banded his motber a much there aDd see her father. This iscreased telegram. Mr~. Burton 11 busy time to be leaviog tbepushed the chicken to the back farm but I got enough of myof the stove. She took ber separation pay left,"glasses from tbe dinin~ room His mother stllred witb dis.buffet. Haltio,ly ~he read: btlief us he banged out of tbe
"Toots lost in Martintown kitcheD, headed towards the co IV
Hotel fire. Sincere sympatby. barn. ~be went upstairs lIodCharles Zabs!." started looking over Jobo's
She patted her SOil'S hand, shirlS for missing buttons.st.retched 00 the table beyond Elea wheo John waved ~ood·
hIS bowed bead. "Was'nt Tools bye as be left on the long crossyOUl pet name for the Rid you couolry bUi there still was~et when you took basic traia. no out\Vard sign of mourniog.Jog? Lets see. Zabst WBS ber "Do you reckon ht'~ alllast name, too, Rnd her froRt righl?" Mrs. Burtoo askednBme 'fas Mary Ruth." worriedly ns the bus left the
Jobn's voice was clouded. stalion. "First be was like n"We ~ere going to get married. Jnhnny Jump-up the cowsOoly I never heard from her tramped on Rod all of a sud.olter J got home. I wrote ber den be wns as perky as a butter.fatber Charles but I did'nt ~et cup."aoy answ( r. He's an od~ guy The much creased telegramlloyway: all wrapped up In hIS wns begioniog to tear aloog~hemical husi~ess nnd oot p,~y. the folds befere Jobo's rou;.jay109 any Illtrohoo to anyone. cross couotry trip came to a
Mrs. BurIan slowly trdced her linal stop. The bus pulledfio~er arross th~ map of the aWllY and lefl the tall, broozedUOlted Slotes pInned to the man staodio!: outside a re\' ~~~ lJesi<.le the kitchen radIO. slauraot tbat also served a~
:>he coni.! ha~e t>ecn comirg bus depot.
NEW MYSTERY COMIC SERIAL
LESLEY
The broad shaded streets ofthe little town were still,When John last was here,shoutiog, laugbing men io uni.form wandered up 'and downtbem.
John walked more slowly-ashe approacbed tbe end 'ofCatalpba street, The Zat.Ihouse was·a squat box shapewith a long shed behind itwhich housed tbe father'schemical products business.
A girl in blue jeans and nwhite blouse was down on herknees beside a circular flowerbed. A Germao shepherd dOhlay near ber, Tbe girl tumedher head when the (roDt gateclicked behiod Jobn, bUl shedid not 100111 directly at bim.Tbe dog watched intently butdid Dot bar~ or move awayftom tbe girl's side:
" footsl"Jobn stood several (eet away
and waited. There was noimpulsive rusb into his arms.The girl groped for tbe dog'sleash and got to ber feet slowly,
"Johony, you shouldn't havecome." Sbe was crying, Thedog moved protectively betweenber and tbe man.
"Why did you mate me tbiokiyou were dead?"
"ro you I am dead. There'sa new, lonely way, but I havedifficulty eoough fiodiog itwithout giviog you up 1\11 overag Lio. Seodiog that telegramwai not easy."
The mao took ooe long deter·mire I slep toward tbe smallyellow-haired ~irl, but thebristliog dog slopped him.
The man'~ hands droppedhelplessly to his sides. "You'rebliodl'
"rhat was why I wanted to1e dead to you."
"Yeu shoulot have let ,meknow ahout it. How long hasit beeo?" -
"l happened the same dnyyO!! were returniog to theUOlted States. The little boyne~t door slipped ioto Father'slaboratory aod jarred over a
16th March, '1951
• bottle of sulphuric acid. Some.hb~W" it got on me instead 01 on
1m.The girl twisted the leBle ill
ber bands. "I heard over theradio that a woman'. body fouodio the MartintowD hotel firecould not bel identified. Ithougbt if you believed thisunknown girl were me, youcould forget our plaos andmarry a Dormal, healthy girl."
"You areo't blind,io,tbe wlythat matters most to me "Joho said gently. ''You bo;"how to make me happy wbeuI got down io the dumps alldbo~ to hold me in when I gotbogwitd mad. You doo't haveto see witb your eyes· you jusIfeel things like that." '
The mao looked down'at thedog. "How long will it taleGretchen to get used to me?"
"Not very long if you don'tmake anv abrupt moVeL Butwhat difference does it make;"
"Pleoty, How can 11Ilin mywife.to-be if that animal standsbetweeo us? '
"Johooy, you can't marry me. I
I'll not let you burden younelfwitha blind wift~"
The man's sure, uowaveoagvoice beat against the girl'. pro'tests altaiD and altain, uotil bestumbled into the decidingwords; /
"Toots, I need you more thanyou need me. I have just like Imillion otber hardworkiog twolegged animals until you be.came part of me. Theo I wasa being dIfferent from all othenKnowing you loved me I foooda streogth tbat isn't in meby my seH. When I thoughtyou were dead that strengtble~ked away ~nd I was juat ImJlerable ordInary guy again."
Gretcheo also was convioudThe dog lay relaxed at thei;feet as tbe mao aDd womeohel~ t~gether by each otber'~eoenc1lng arm" planned theirreturn trip. .
The girl ioterrupted suddenly,"Johnoy darliog, how did youkoow I was not dead?"
Jobn grinoiDIr. "At first I didbelieve that telegram. Thto 1remembered somethio" NoDoe but me least or all yourfather, ever called you Tootl'"-INPRA.
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OPINION
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16th 'March 'J~I
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N DIAN STATESMEN (DsV>Rns Aod Prime Mioielen ROLLAND AND TAG ORE, Letters of two eminent writen S' 0
With Portrnil.ll) LIFE AND GOSPEL OF VIVEKANANDA. :
INDIAN JUDGES (Biograpbicnl and critical eketcbee -Rombin Rolland IS 6with rorlraite) 7 6 WOMEN AND SOCIAL INJUSTIOE-,M. K. Gandhi 10 0
EMNIENT AMBRICANS WHOM INDIA GANDHlJI'S CORRESPONDENCE WITH THESHOULD KNOW-Jabez T. Sunderland GOn'RNMENT (1922·U)-M. K. Gandhi 6
THE BHAGAVAD GlTA-Tbe Lord'e Soog- THE STORY OF MY EXPERIMENTS WITH TRUTH(AD English Trnoslatioo)-Aunie Beaaot 0
WHAT IS WRONG WITH INDIAN ECONOMIC LIFE?-M. K. Gandhi Hi
-Dr. V. K. R. V. Rllo 8 0 OHRISTIAN MISSIONS IN INDIA
TIlE U.K.C.C. AND INDIA-A. N. Agarl'l"ala 5 6 (Their pleoo in Indill)_M. K. Sandhi I 0
OUR INDIA (Ohildren's stories by various writers, illustrated) STORY OF 8ATARA-Major B, D. Baen, (UI.S.) U 0
-Miuco Ma!llni 2 INDIAN OHRIST[ANS IBiographiCIII and critical
COTTAGE INDUSTRIES AND THEIR·ROLE IN eket.chea of poets, pnblicial.s 'or" the Ohnrah) 7INDIAN ECONOMY-Prof. Rao 2 THE STORY OF BARDOLI-Mahadev Desai If • O.
SHAW--WBL~KEY~ESON NON.VIOLENOE IN PEACE AND WARSTALIN-WELLS TALK (Verblltim Record) S -M. K. Gandhi 17 I
GOLDEN NUMBER OF "INDIAN OPINION", 1914 TALES FROM SANSKRIT DRAMATISTS
I,(Sonvenir of the P8~ive Resistance Movement (The famons plays of Bhasa, Sudraka, KalidB88, Sri HUlha,in S.A., 1906,1914) 0 Bhavabhuti and Viaakbadatta) Ii 0
THE DELIVERANCE (A pictore of tbe palpitating lire FAMOUS PARSIS 7 • Iof the joint f:lmily) PILGRIMAGE FOR PEACE-Pyare]al 12 6SEVEN MONTHS WITH MAHATMA GANDHI STRAY GLIMPSES OF BAPU-Kaka Kalelkar 5 0 IBeing lin inside view of the Non co.operlllion RAMANAMA-M. K. Gandhi 2 0
Movement (1921.22}--Krisnadas 8 0SELEOTED LETTERS-M. K. Gandbi (1st Serietl) IGANDHlJI AS WE KNOW HIM-Intimato and
1 9
delightful incideuts by variooa w!itera 0 FROM YERVADA MANDIR-M. K. Gandhi 1 6 ISELEC'l'IONS FROM GANDHI-Nimar Komar Bose 10 0 I
PUBLIC FINANOE AND OUR POVERTY i-J. C. Komarapptl 3 FOR PAC[FJST:3-'I. K. Gaurlbi 3 0
HISTORY OF THE REIGN OF SIIAll ALUM DIET A..'{D DIEl' REFOItM-M. K. Gandhi 5 0 I
"-W. Frnnklin GANDllIANA-D. G Deehpaude-(A Bibliograpby of
TI:1E LIFE uF RAMAKRISHNA-An exhaustive Giludhilln Literature) . II..
0account of the Mastcr's wonderful life-RomailJ Rollaud l!i 0 GLEANINGS-Mira 1 ·8
INDIAN STATES' PROBLEM (Gandhiji's WrilingB lind HINDU DIURMA-M. K. Gandhi 10 0UttemnCEs)-M. K. Gandbi " 10 0 THE IDIOTS WIFE-Dr. Seu Gnptll 1 ~.:S:: ,
FOUNDATIONS OF PEACE (Oriticnl atudy of the GANDHIAN ETHICS-Benoy Gopal Ray 2 0conditions wbich precipil.llted two world ware-K. T, Sh9h III 0 DELHI D1ARY-Gllndhiji 10 0L ~DIA. SPEAKING (Various contributions 00 economic, BAPU-Marry F. Barr 4 01
political. cullDrollln~ BOCilll problems of modern India) Hi 0 TO THE STUDENTS-Y. K. Gandbi 9 0MAHATMA GANDHI (Tbe Man lind hie Misaion, aD SATYAGR\HA IN CHAMPARAN-Rajendrllprasad • 0
enlarged nnd np to date edition oC Qaodhiji'B lire,) . MY LIFE AND MISBlON-Vivekanund 1 - •-By VllriOUS writers 0SHAKESPEARE'S TRAGEDIES (King Mllr, MlIcbctb,
COMMUNAL UNITY-M. K. Gandhi 25 0
Hllmlct Ilud Othello-Willillm Miller 2 0 TnE GlTA ACOORDING-TO GANDHI
SOVIET ATTITUOE TOWilRDS OTIlNA -Mahadev De.ai 12 0
Pacts And Fncta-Stnnley Powell I) 0 FREEDOM AND CULTURE-So Radhakrishoau 8 II
AMONG THE UIt8AT (Couversntion with Hornnin Rolland, TlIE EPIC FAST-Pyarelnl 2 IIMahatrna Gandhi, Bertraod Russell, Rllbindranath THE HEART OF HINDUSTHAN-RadhakriabnIlD 2 tiTagore and 81 i Anrobindo}--Dilip Kumar noy 15 0 TALES OF BENGAL-Sauta rand Bitll Ghal~erji . 8 8
TWO mSTORICAL TRIALS IN RED FORT CHAITANYA TO VIVEKANANDA 8 1I-AD acconot (If the trial.of the Officers oC the I.N. \. 14 0 FOOD SHORTAGE-Gandhi
WHY CRIPPS FaIr,ED (Docnmented Rccount from the-I 0
Indian Niltionalist puictor view)-M. SnbrahrnanynnGANI>Hl'S CHALI,ENGE TO CHRISTIANITY
o \NDIII.J1NNAIl l'AJ,KS (TC1t of Com~pondencc-5. K. George I) 0
and other relevllnl matter) 2INDIA. AND HEH PEOPI,E-SWllmi AbIJedandaDllu 8 II
INDIAN SOmNTISTS (mo~rliphiclIl SkdcIJCB Ko\RMA YOQA-Vivekanllodll 2 II
AD account oC their rel!C'8rcIJcB, discoveries nnll inventions G POEMS-RumrlDs J 7
I"nACTICE AND rnECEPTS OF .1P.RUS A'I' 'rilE FEE'r OF GOD-RBmdas 2 I-.T. C, Knronmppa 'filE SCEP rRED pr,UTEl-Sllrojini Naidn 8 0
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6t~ March, 1951 IN_IAN OPINION
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An account or Mahatma Gandhi's Fast In
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,Indian 0pirvion'1). 'J3ag, ']}h.oQni:;c"
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GbtClz'nClolo fr~m:
Tagore's Literature,Essays, Novels, Poems an~ Playa
SACRIFICE (Novel)
GORA (Novel)MASHI (Novel)
LOVER'8 GIFT (Poems)CHITRA ( Play)
STORIES FROM TAGORE (Short Storie.!)BTRAY BIRDS (Short POllm. )RED OLENDERS (Play)HUNGRY 51'ONES AND OTHER BTORIE3THE HOME AND THE WORLD (EsaaYII)
GLIMPSES OF 13ENGAL (Essey.)
REmNISCENCES
rOE~SOF KABIRPOST OFFIO'E (Play)TEE KING 01<' THE. DARK OHAMBER (Play)
GbtojnClolo from.:
~.:Jndian Opinion'p.jJag, Phoenix,
..IVafal.
LIGHTS ON YOGA aKAUDAS 3
ISHA UPANISHAD 5
'THE RENAISSANCE IN INDIA 3
HERACLITUS 3
IDEAL AND PROGRESS I 3
THE NATIONAL VALUE OF.lART 3
THg MOTHER 3
DANKlM-TILAK-DAYANANDA 3
AUROBlNDO MANDlR ANNUAl. l!H3·U-45 10
COLLECTED POEMS AND PLAYd (Part 1 &: 2 27
THE RIDDLE OF 'fEE WORLD a
THE BRAIN OF INDIA 1
contain n6
FrlDl<ld &ad publloh.d I"y N&.llllil M Clad"l It Phocn":, NRtal.
