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Rush for Rush for California California GoldGold
Mexican gov’t feared American Mexican gov’t feared American immigration due to Texasimmigration due to Texas John Sutter John Sutter
Persuaded the govt. to grant him 50,000 Persuaded the govt. to grant him 50,000 acres inacres in the unsettled Sacramento Valley the unsettled Sacramento Valley CaliforniaCalifornia
In 1848, In 1848, James MarshallJames Marshall, a , a carpenter, was building a carpenter, was building a sawmill near for Sutter & sawmill near for Sutter & found found gold gold in the American river
Thousands of gold seekers Thousands of gold seekers rushed to California to get richrushed to California to get rich The The forty-ninersforty-niners set out to make set out to make
fortunes in goldfortunes in gold
RoutesRoutes to Fortuneto Fortune SailSail 18,000 miles around around
South AmericaSouth America Suffer from storms,
seasickness, & spoiled food
Sail to Panama, cross overland (risk catching deadly disease), & then sail sail to CAto CA
Travel across North across North AmericaAmerica Brave rivers, mountains, &
other hardships on trail
100,000 people 100,000 people came came in 1849in 1849 From U.S., Europe, From U.S., Europe,
Asia, Mexico, Asia, Mexico, CanadaCanada, etc.
Most Americans were white Some Native Native
Americans, free Americans, free blacks, Chinese blacks, Chinese immigrants, & immigrants, & slaves slaves came as well
Conflict & ChangeConflict & Change Native Americans Native Americans
& foreigners & foreigners forced outforced out Poor treatment ToTo reduce reduce
competitioncompetition
Rush ended by 1852 About 250,000 About 250,000
people flooded people flooded into Californiainto California
IMPACTIMPACT OF THE GOLD RUSH The economy boomed Population numbers soared Chinese miners left gold fields & started Chinese miners left gold fields & started
business business Californios were ruined financially & socially
In many cases, Americans seized their property Native American population plummetedNative American population plummeted
From 150,000 to nearly 58,000 by 1870 CaliforniaCalifornia applied for statehood
1850 – admitted as a free state Unbalanced the power in Congress
U.S. Expansion: 1846 - 18531846 - 1853
CAUSECAUSE EFFECTEFFECTWestward trailsWestward trails move thousands of people to new territories
Oregon Territory Oregon Territory acquired by the United States
Austin and others colonize Texascolonize TexasTexas RevolutionTexas Revolution
United States annexes Texasannexes TexasU.S. – Mexican WarU.S. – Mexican War
Mexican CessionMexican Cession acquired by the United States
United States expands from expands from “sea to seasea to sea”
Thousands of gold seekersgold seekers rush to California
CaliforniaCalifornia becomes aa free free statestate
Transcontinental railroadTranscontinental railroad route needed Gadsden PurchaseGadsden Purchase
Territorial Growth to 1853Territorial Growth to 1853