{'oXilÀ{'t I lËlf0{§

t'[,llu0t I 80il{ ul'[30

A 8,O{llT,xxStJ

eüà}} l§Ël*ll

L1#bllêrl,*,*o*sUr§.rtl,

d+r.rllb ülll*tuIg logËlll dt rl jsjl

3 jL1,i!l 6rr cÈJTls ôtc.ll ÊJ!È ôrLll

5 d"lr.ll 4#tc-hill pshJl .{t". {;..;J+:Jl pslill iS ,pttrdl.d.el

b.-rd"ll Jâè i+-t lt fuYt dL"ri*l+

il.ri,.ll O-.rLtt el U.â!Ltll CEjhLi.JÈ.-.ll '':-;ll ign:3g§ytl jléetjj! tr:i:" 3ç.e--'Jl ,:lJl 6tS! i,r:À:;Éi.4+..^àrjl rl-9r"ll dll-ri-l ôrLc,!3 ql-Ël ci+tiill Ê+- gr U,-JË:11 ,rs

i $ dJTl irâ,.311

:p-Er., e.,,;13 c1or c»S g^

(ù 0,75) .dr$iill oia dr 4*,.J dS .iJe -( ü2,25).1iËBIl ,,Jc .:)t3ll dlii:ll orÀ dr 4JËl dsl .,.,.r+*yr -r$iSr Lf -(o 21.ç.rt*-SYl a;3ü..^ll .,lÊ è)ill di+iiill dr" q* LIS drL!".t++! dc -

'LiiCl.r*llr3JI

Uà.{ riÈ rijti 19:-2. clyLr çi d+ .JlJ,.i-tr tÀù\î'i çi+J dl efp 4lj+ "Jr

ktt-S ,,r âLà'll +LJf*§l ' L" lrni (Acidose lactique) ,St .-;.;ltJ ",-Jl ;S-,13 gliS;l 6n rl.ui ,lJcJ çLàe ,.jr,à rg,otÂ.iYloltull C.É.cryll laaiJÉit- I,-til)t $oATP 'r.+';"rgtii.lYl l5r','1 ";,,e':rKtl*;#-rT

l5n ir,ort+ U,.Â"il (ûtJ"JȧJi+"!t cj.r os dlr \p.) fu.t--"ll ,;1.' -tt tit,§t 6,,.. crlrrK:iJl g,.)lÂ:-l .ta o..1.'ld,(o2yO;+^§3ll o.rt&Cxpôt..,-2\.<.idlùilte -u.àrli,e!*c=r..1 -itt, lgl.,s-,;il:"È-rll

J ctndSçfOrj*S-É-»,üCSiTNAOH+tf -,r3+,..er;çlll 11rcrLie3§lyl sÀ,. dtt,5lêlJl eLl,ill ûFlej6iiàr:Jl"r*,r1-.;r§.il1 ,.t*+r*reâL-...oll eiEill l1!:" jl Crll;lS.ltt 6p-,

ûiE"ll J! NADH+If dll {r-t'^ll dr iSTt o]À jir:3 crü3-.!Slylj ôIjJÉJJCI LlilJÉ ü...àir çJ''.<JiJ ll

q.t" çJ$SJ+.I^ dJi..,^ .+ éIIl t .Oz,n5kill

uP Or l1.*'(%) dlL+l

TH, llut

I100

EO

60

40

20

0 (mi

- - -t3+-r3l4.,1tl§Jrl r lflLe

çt aeJl Uai"&ll

ADP+ Pi ATP

.I+-liilt e!,t.ll y' eugSllt dit-É :C r e J Crv J Crrr J C, J Cr

.ÈlJ..i crli ô.f s Çn

(ç ) cjs.tdt

,3t+J§sJÊr dleÊù.dl oâr..il!

0123n) irull

d§&Jt(i )

U'-r.ill ùLJJ§JE. ülLcj r,-i.-"ll ,.rÀÀll crt-r-.1r<r1- .:!tr ..1. tJS,f O.u+.S:!t qil-il Â+.j .,1.113 irJÉ - I .1

(ü 1) .f.lJl u,-il!l ûtr,JssJirr,. éI.,È ç!ÀJ.ll 612 A+-i Jàüü .f-. I c1*,,- [ï'1'::H"

tu/tfutt sr\rtt .{it'/t oLrall.2014 Q$rll lJr,lJl

$aAL - 2OI4 qsklt r,t1slt - t /lâ1ll,.rrttCrt ttt.rts^Itl$Uttlt itWL,ll r,r»q*lt lÉJL çr, -,rry}Lrrt+.Jt lrk, tu L -

,J xl+.ll eljjll "Jr rjr.-sll s. fuLall i+Là,ll LiLl. !l Éi+J ''<jJ , e +polt iLJ-lr dErJ,r tt !,j ,rr+§ cÉ.

J.ÀillJ , !"ii3ll .,5L,,. çi fuLàrll tJtill LJilr iJ§Jlsll Êr^,sl 4-tr.l U."- r-Ut-Ur 3 ii$Jlt ü.r .Z i$rlr,êl- Uiâti .üo ç+Xl

TP ADP+ Pi

ÊJljlÀiOzT

3 er".:JJl TôrssJnll dâlJ.ll +§

T+-- 4l-.i$Jti.t.t-:t+ I [ gJ.risJ[ÿJll

(ù 0.25) .-e.,t*!l u,-i,ill drt+J$SJiJ,. r_i-,-l çsl dtÀll 2 Airl:Jl rl 6;Srd - I . 2dà.sll j'SJi

3ti1-,11 r-q!- J#{i:J I ii$rtt ,-r" (+) drul ôri.,'lJ 3 , 2 oi6,:. . Jt oUt'. LJ# a.lNtt L,.lt -ç(u 1.5) .ATP 5r.r' i'' i!*ür çL^-.ll ur-i.ill p.r,j rêllt

,Ménadione ; Ascorbae ,g3L cJt-a"t Or::-t tl CJSI 1$.-"ll f::Là'Jl '-lçilt cltrSr1" 4j" ç-f'i ç5ll al!ÂI e),1 ._ æ.*f rJÈr.. r*r ATP ++i ,Jc çil.-4ll {.Ji.$tl ;"[-.ll Cù.à,ll ôJS ,r,lrË fi ,Ct3syt lrl a-ç dr" -Éijü,

l.lJ.Jl slê Ménadione : Ascorbare uÊü .1$ Xt$Jtl "*iJ

r.l" (+) r§,ill Crg .r,,t itftt [^ qfi] + t-tUt + t! ,S.ttt

(O O.S1 .1t d§,LtD A)s u3r+ çt-a.ll u,-Â.ill $cr e),lt ,'q -,. L-Jt p$l rb ATp §-É _lÊ: Altt - l. S

(O t) .e>,lt rl1.r1-.-"ll :lt.' 'll .it l. Yt ,oÉ ATP j§-l -»X *ô .4 âi$Jt r_r. (+) c!S.$t+ tls.-. - ç

nmol/min/mg + t+btijUaf.iJl ,31+JtiSJü# d

çlra''ll

f-.I."llülJji,-ii:tt

280 Cr

60 Cn

0 Crn

1200 Crv2000 Cy

2 1L3" Jlt

a eJ$l ùcJ^ill

:l+1rl c.,t+L'-ll C-jü rSt-lJl crtiJl u;+ dliû.il 4ris ê{3J ù,ü" JJ,t - âj ,-r.r iÉr} - ii.- f§,Jl jlyJr-.n.Lapin himalayen (b) ,r$-J6ll ','r-rll âJ)-, g. ç,il-;!l -,1r..ii3 uSh -t:+ (a) â.t-Ji.ll ,,,ltJït ''ys - 1

-i. ê .»il| allj! rrc .(ùrltj s+iltj .i.i\rt-, a:rrilt 11Ç) lsl.r üJst él a*li,3l.u" ,.l:+ cr.:ü-L uàJcF. uslr als +§ll JJill ',ilii ro-e-.! ++, l+ âlrll l5oc 45Jt> l^-. J-t t-r d r+-)lt t.u fr-r sJladl

.aÀji"ll il\Jl r..1l

.37o C sÊ t.il9 Ê',"+ ô;l;. L. Jr ô-;t*i)lJ :e&Êl-

(uA) ArP i§iG)rJI r; çtall uÉi,&ll

Gye 11r+ r-r. t a.dl UÉii,llO{Jil-

NADH+If NAD* Ménadione

i 1;

,/t -# itt

:19ïl ût+L,-!l CJû ù-Jtl s-,11-.p, Ç-p3 o;)46J1 .-,i. Jïl $c JJdl ôi J#ü üÈi âi»ll r+d

: I lÂi, rll e a§..tt cùsl.El ll,L , !i ..- re .,J<Jî êl él ùirilr^ll ËrL .rja3 ge ùSlJl JJÊll ü-, gi+ .

urr,+ üfr§ 2 I I r*r+l d e;ttt tre e--!l ,o;)-+ .+-ti l+ l+)lÀ r; jb..lr$l ,l-»l u'.)lÀ5-'t p o

rlsoÇ çj,.r eri â-rr-r= i+JÈ çi L, .,À*ijj. j'iff. I'

.30"C ç;t-i tl§ ô'/-p Ç3 Çl L u,J 2 .-. ,r:. !t g+i -

.Jô "J"

oL.Ji.{ 4 t 3 il"-.r.J *F e;\,t lU e.it ruùr;i. uri-.i :y tDLi * r"rr{i"j," ffi§

.36"C çJJ tli i-,rl> 1+-» çi Lr d 3 ,-,,. .rr'iTt C+3 -.30oC çjlj â4i i;l-,p i-:. -p çi -L^,,-l sl 4 ÇJ+!l ê+3 -

diS.il di"U rlL-r.otl Altxll 2 aÂl. Jl i, (D 1JSi,I dh .,-ur...U!l ..:r or +j-r-.r$t Ap .,,r8 CS i glll .+.:o"C; -r 30"C *r,r$ae .+:T -rQj:'ÉIl ë.i,i! aô" "jÈll 1.üJl ain, J o,.,il u. (.-,.;

.|_æ:]'-.-.j1|ïril;;;;;;;.*,;;;ill30oc J iBi i''*rr

ii l\-;--+1**,

iHirJSt c+S d, ii I . \ "- I

rr rnnJ- i:: ruul""'.r...rrrrr....!............... <- t çr$I iiit\ i

llIr

4_r3i

i ! 0 t0 z0 30 Ottisl+ i,.rillll!lIr1t

0

d,§fSf r-!ll -lreL,.+-.rô .l âi$rll c,$'- r-irÈj145 Z iiJrlt cr (,-.rJ r (1 ,1S-tt ôl+L,. Dliii.l+ .1(ù 1.5 ) .,;).ldl +,-ilI si. ç""a.ll ;;lti r'-+

olt . g.1Ëi . silaell ç,-l$ .r:' ù-Jl ËJlJÈ i.i.-,r+ jti..-.lr-u,tl f-;rT q+:.tt i+*tt..!i:.++- e+.:C ..ç3lJJl'*jl t!+,.t. ts. ..1s:.,- 4 fijJl rE"t .3 1i*:. Jl

cys Ser Val Ala Ile Thr Gln Asp Phe Lys

UGUUGC

A§UAGC

GUUGUCGUAGUG

GUUGCCGCAGCG

AUUAUCAUA

AUCACAACG

UAACAG

UAUGAC

UUUUUC

AAAAAG

4 A!f" Jt

.Éô p .J,iUtr dlLllJ !'i-Ji.ll rjJ-ll ,.t. rJ$ eil.ut 4ri"ltt g'at .Tl ,r+[§" b',1. 4 û ûÉîrùJl dütr,d+ .2

(ù 1.5) .çr.\Jt,-ri. -,;!l rio u"r\ irt-,pÂ-. -.;rr., r-!ll Ort -Èt.'4t-

it+jS*ll p.j:t ( ,J-lrl ûLÂr-iÉi \Er Ez- - E,+tt

Tyrosine -+ Dopa'+Dopaquinone,....--)Mélanine

t234567...CAG AAA AGT GTG ACA TTT GCA...

1234s6...CAG AAA AGT GAC ATT TGC A...

.+ll .ir jtrjr-r+ll 4i_l_rl è."1]."^lt -,1gè t+lêl cryj+

(rÈ-r*tt ùLlt) ui.i",.+ll .u jQjr-x"ll âi-,1:^l è-.§."^ll JP \.1êl c» "j+

Jtlll dilàJl 3 ar$Jl

êtc'Alt - 2074 \strtt r,ll'lt - l{r/tâtt r+dtsÈ/tol*rlt&ftrptt11klt ,ll r ru,.Sltr/Jtçr, - ,»\LrrtrJtl4 , lsle -

:üt"üÿl ù1-r. Jljill ;*iJ ,.,.,if-,1\,f ric 4?ül;ll oli,-ll u;+ jtis:l !i§ â.-lJJ . IIû-É* Fr )++ eJljill lla ,,}pl .e-rr.L d+ttt r+ ù.Ê+ ,

, ,rl-113 q.:t,e tJ+-rl5 3j1 , ,.rl.,l ,ae 3 fu$ GJlj3lt -

. l+l,t .J+-,,1: .-ri+ .,.11-.11 4p

/i-FF'z):+ 6ll-,»ll lJô 'rÀel

.1"F. cl+;tr ry û.r+ ç.1-lll F1 cJ3!l ds+Jl ,,,Ti i». : sjttll eJliill -:êt.St;a-rLill oltl^

.aÀJÊT. ,J*.,1î: JJq ll % o

.fu.1r .J+_,,i_l J;E 39% o

âÂJ"î^,J+-li+ J Jt ül{ 39 % o

.fu.1" ,J+-lî+t J-,;s ùJ+ lt % ..(ü 0.75 ) fçjtSllJ r.J-r!l ,-»+rl>ll dtij u^ C$lsr lit- . 3

(O 1.25 ) .6-rl!l aS+! UCtL4ô (çjtTlJ cJtyt u+lUrll dlri.,l sr+.-ll J$"i]ll bl . q

.(,J+-lït ds.l,J a.,.,ill+ n -ri N -r -r;il| Ç1+ lî .r+i ar.*ilt+ d lî D- roSÿt jr^-!l d^,i-l )

'Lfi 5) a+Ul ô,r-_xill

Ë$tJl f.l3. ! ',riJd+.ll ü:-,rllt+ 1( Lj u .i,$#UsLl l{j!)ÊJ a!Ê5.11 _.r:l-n 4üÉi+llJ 4ih;,ll cil+.-t;Jl +rsi r.-i:Is$ll d.,l+t -ll C-tô ._»S.-!t oie clS.ii eü:l iuà-1!| t-É;lt ..1

UrUl rÈa ,r*là dr),l+. e.à-i t-,i.1*1 Sud-Limousin iiti^l AÀ-r. !+.i.*+ U"> t Ait" Jt .f; -.lilj ll -.13Â.- -È+ qrf i "UJt

(A li1.!l ) cJ-,r.i. tS;.ll ..r" ,JSI âi$. iti.-t 4;t3trt Vys 2 AÀi" rll u" (e) : (ç) : (l) .lu«!t .tl; -.(C ii;.ll ) d+:ll;.ll3 1n a++.tD,rJjill:

'@:@,@=@'@:@

N +Jà.tt rr+ts

ç.tLgll t +E

+fJJÉ." JrêE

ôât3-rJl t368

É,§i, tâl,-Jl J*E

ll,gs;.trïr) Jtt ajy U+

++e++I+

É+üt siril 4il* ,rL'tI

db+.tttS*. ffi1o.rüè Fq2 o-Jië fî]C+pL.Sf. ffi

c+ptj I+

I i3$r]l

+T++++ +'o {. ++ * chari,teix

u4+.$è

{*4*rtS

c) ùtül

é1-,AL - 2OI4 qslJt 9r'lt - t /l4ll q/t.êlL/tolrr^ltr$lrXlt r1Jrr[L ,tt-t rrUr.dtry'rltryr - ,,ry\LrrtrJtr/e , lsL -

.JJÀ.-ll àiat1.ri,",K.r.tqrJl iJlJÊll 1+.»3!,;!t ,lJLr.r.:d,FilJÊi.tl ,JÀJ!çjl,!Jl ç+§-dl d4-.ô-,21-,pJl i--.1r9L:.'tl ,ro;È,r,."- CrBrA uÂ.-ll ê.àj.I 31i$3tl c13"3

Kb +.Li.àll Km + d.c.ll É+p'J'trii : And,J*i-rr 3 pi

c+ü14+L' : Sil,tt.T

tI$t,.1

H-i"t4

t2

10

I

5

4

2

ÉJlJrll

800

(O O.S1 .l t$jl c+ cJ:""tt XY etî"ll (., .,\ Y C X rr dll§iYl sc _;rs.-ll 4Jl+Jl crl_»ti:ll .rr. -1 .1

(ü 1 .5) .2 4iSJl ; ali. tl Ct B -l A JJÂ.^ll gr e;s.a dS 4;+ r-À..a -{ri

:3 âi$sJl 9," ti).Lit .2

J! É B ôJÀ,.-ll J! A 6JÂ-,.-ll U'" dliïYl $e âJlJsJl 4+JJl -ti.^àJl )-"tÊ, H-J .i§ ÛÊ+ -1

(ü 0.5) .C i;s--JlhÀ Lj JJrJ to**t-ri.ll J! ,",.,'J.rl<ruJl ur t*;-lS cjf.il dre.àÀaiJ.l^ll oio ;rÂ--a Oi C»+ t;

(ü o .7 5) ..Jr.illiiti^.r.i c+lJSllJ d+ütXJ^ll U. dS dsl'3.i§ J.-Ê lɧt-r-,Ii" .È-l &tJl *!t ^ll ,Je hLic,l . 3

(ü 1 .75).Sud Limousin

t(rtW7

\,-\-

Yn

ç/

,r/ VlrL{r}

20AO

s-+jjl

éf/t - 2Ol4 \r.klt !1sll. - t /l{lt .vrrl.$L/t$rsltr*ttrXttryürlt ,rt

^ +r{/$ltrklLrrrà - ,*S$rk"lt tÿ,lsh -