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OptiX RTN 950 Radio Transmission System
V100R002C00
Product Description
Issue 05
Date 2010-07-30
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2010. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written
consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions
and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the
customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the
purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations
of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Address: Huawei Industrial Base
Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: [email protected]
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About This Document
Related Versions
The following table lists the product versions related to this document.
Product Name Version
OptiX RTN 950 V100R002C00
iManager U2000 V100R001C00
Intended Audience
This document is intended for network planning engineers.
Before you read this document, ensure that you have acquired the basic knowledge of digital
microwave communication.
Symbol Conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Symbol Description
Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk,
which if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury.
Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level
of risk, which if not avoided, could result in
minor or moderate injury.
OptiX RTN 950
Product Description About This Document
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Symbol Description
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation,
which if not avoided, could result in
equipment damage, data loss, performance
degradation, or unexpected results.
Indicates a tip that may help you solve a
problem or save time.
Provides additional information to emphasize
or supplement important points of the main
text.
Update History
Updates between document issues are cumulative. Therefore, the latest document issue contains
all updates made in previous issues.
Updates in Issue 05 (2010-07-30) Based on Product Version V100R002C00
This document is the fifth release for the V100R002C00 version.
The updated contents are as follows:
Update Description
2.16 Energy Saving New sections are added.
2.17 Environmental Protection
Updates in Issue 04 (2010-04-20) Based on Product Version V100R002C00
This document is the fourth release for the V100R002C00 version.
The updated contents are as follows:
Update Description
1.2 Components The specifications of the ODU are updated.
6.1 RF Performance
Updates in Issue 03 (2010-01-30) Based on Product Version V100R002C00
This document is the third release for the V100R002C00 version.
The updated contents are as follows:
About This Document
OptiX RTN 950
Product Description
iv Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
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Update Description
1.2 Components The specifications of the product are updated.
6 Technical Specifications
Updates in Issue 02 (2009-10-30) Based on Product Version V100R002C00
This document is the second release for the V100R002C00 version.
The updated contents are as follows:
Update Description
6 Technical Specifications The specifications of the product are updated.
Updates in Issue 01 (2009-06-30) Based on Product Version V100R002C00
This document is the first release of the V100R002C00 version.
OptiX RTN 950
Product Description About This Document
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Contents
About This Document...................................................................................................................iii
1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Network Application.......................................................................................................................................1-2
1.2 Components.....................................................................................................................................................1-31.3 Radio Link Forms............................................................................................................................................1-6
2 Functions and Features..............................................................................................................2-1
2.1 Frequency Band...............................................................................................................................................2-3
2.2 Microwave Types............................................................................................................................................2-3
2.2.1 PDH Microwave.....................................................................................................................................2-3
2.2.2 SDH Microwave.....................................................................................................................................2-4
2.2.3 Hybrid Microwave.................................................................................................................................2-4
2.3 Modulation Strategy........................................................................................................................................2-5
2.3.1 Fixed Modulation...................................................................................................................................2-52.3.2 Adaptive Modulation..............................................................................................................................2-5
2.4 RF Configuration Modes.................................................................................................................................2-7
2.5 Capacity...........................................................................................................................................................2-7
2.5.1 Air Inter face Capacity............................................................................................................................2-8
2.5.2 Cross-Connect Capacity.........................................................................................................................2-8
2.5.3 Switching Capacity................................................................................................................................2-8
2.6 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................2-8
2.6.1 Micr owave Interfaces.............................................................................................................................2-8
2.6.2 Service Interfaces...................................................................................................................................2-9
2.6.3 Management and Auxiliary Interfaces.................................................................................................2-10
2.7 Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation................................................................................................2-11
2.8 Automatic Transmit Power Control..............................................................................................................2-11
2.9 Ethernet Service Processing Capability........................................................................................................2-11
2.10 QoS..............................................................................................................................................................2-13
2.11 Clock Features.............................................................................................................................................2-13
2.12 Protection Capability...................................................................................................................................2-14
2.13 Network Management.................................................................................................................................2-15
2.14 Easy Installation..........................................................................................................................................2-16
2.15 Easy Maintenance.......................................................................................................................................2-16
OptiX RTN 950
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2.16 Energy Saving.............................................................................................................................................2-17
2.17 Environmental Protection............................................................................................................................2-17
3 Product Structure........................................................................................................................3-1
3.1 System Architecture........................................................................................................................................3-23.1.1 SDH/PDH Microwave............................................................................................................................3-2
3.1.2 Hybrid Microwave.................................................................................................................................3-3
3.2 Hardware Structure.........................................................................................................................................3-5
3.2.1 IDU.........................................................................................................................................................3-5
3.2.2 ODU.......................................................................................................................................................3-7
3.3 Software Structure...........................................................................................................................................3-9
3.3.1 NMS Software........................................................................................................................................3-9
3.3.2 IDU Sof tware.........................................................................................................................................3-9
3.3.3 ODU Software......................................................................................................................................3-10
3.4 Service Signal Processing Flow....................................................................................................................3-10
3.4.1 SDH/PDH Microwave..........................................................................................................................3-10
3.4.2 Hybrid Microwave...............................................................................................................................3-12
4 Networking..................................................................................................................................4-1
4.1 SDH/PDH Microwave.....................................................................................................................................4-2
4.1.1 Chain Networking..................................................................................................................................4-2
4.1.2 Ring Networking....................................................................................................................................4-2
4.2 Hybrid Microwave..........................................................................................................................................4-4
4.2.1 Chain Networking..................................................................................................................................4-4
4.2.2 Ring Networking....................................................................................................................................4-5
5 Network Manag ement System................................................................................................5-1
5.1 Network Management Solution......................................................................................................................5-2
5.2 Web LCT.........................................................................................................................................................5-2
5.3 U2000..............................................................................................................................................................5-3
6 Technical Specifications...........................................................................................................6-1
6.1 RF Performance...............................................................................................................................................6-2
6.1.1 Microwave Work Modes........................................................................................................................6-2
6.1.2 Frequency Band......................................................................................................................................6-56.1.3 Receiver Sensitivity................................................................................................................................6-7
6.1.4 Distortion Sensitivity............................................................................................................................6-12
6.1.5 Transceiver Performance......................................................................................................................6-13
6.1.6 IF Performance.....................................................................................................................................6-18
6.1.7 Baseband Signal Processing Performance of the Modem....................................................................6-18
6.2 Equipment Reliability...................................................................................................................................6-19
6.2.1 Component Reliability.........................................................................................................................6-19
6.2.2 Link Reliability....................................................................................................................................6-19
6.3 Interface Performance...................................................................................................................................6-20
6.3.1 SDH Optical Interface Performance.....................................................................................................6-20
Contents
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Figures
Figure 1-1 TDM microwave transmission solution provided by the OptiX RTN 950........................................ 1-2
Figure 1-2 Hybrid microwave transmission solution provided by the OptiX RTN 950......................................1-3
Figure 1-3 IDU 950..............................................................................................................................................1-4
Figure 1-4 Direct mounting..................................................................................................................................1-6
Figure 1-5 Separate mounting..............................................................................................................................1-6
Figure 2-1 PDH microwave................................................................................................................................. 2-3
Figure 2-2 SDH microwave................................................................................................................................. 2-4
Figure 2-3 Hybrid microwave..............................................................................................................................2-4
Figure 2-4 AM......................................................................................................................................................2-6
Figure 3-1 Block diagram (SDH/PDH microwave).............................................................................................3-2
Figure 3-2 Block diagram (Hybrid microwave)...................................................................................................3-4
Figure 3-3 IDU slot layout................................................................................................................................... 3-5
Figure 3-4 Block diagram of the ODU.................................................................................................................3-8
Figure 3-5 Software structure...............................................................................................................................3-9Figure 3-6 Service signal processing flow of the SDH/PDH microwave..........................................................3-10
Figure 3-7 Service signal processing flow of the Hybrid microwave................................................................3-12
Figure 4-1 TDM microwave transmission solution (chain networking)..............................................................4-2
Figure 4-2 TDM microwave transmission solution (ring networking)................................................................4-3
Figure 4-3 TDM microwave transmission solution (hybrid networking formed with the optical transmission
equipment).............................................................................................................................................................4-3
Figure 4-4 Hybrid microwave transmission solution (chain networking)............................................................4-4
Figure 4-5 Hybrid microwave transmission solution (ring networking)..............................................................4-5
Figure 5-1 Network management solution to the transmission network..............................................................5-2
Figure 6-1 W-curve............................................................................................................................................6-12
OptiX RTN 950
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Tables
Table 1-1 Intr oduction of the IDU 950.................................................................................................................1-3
Table 1-2 RT N 600 ODUs supported by the OptiX RTN 950.............................................................................1-4
Table 1-3 RT N XMC ODUs supported by the OptiX RTN 950..........................................................................1-5
Table 1-4 Radio link forms of the OptiX RTN 950.............................................................................................1-7
Table 2-1 RF configuration modes.......................................................................................................................2-7
Table 2-2 Auxiliary services or paths provided by each microwave interface.....................................................2-9
Table 2-3 Ty pe and number of the service interfaces supported by adding service interface boards .................2-9
Table 2-4 Ty pe and number of management and auxiliary interfaces ............................... ...............................2-10
Table 2-5 Ethernet service processing capability...............................................................................................2-12
Table 2-6 QoS features.......................................................................................................................................2-13
Table 2-7 Protection schemes.............................................................................................................................2-14
Table 3-1 Functional unit (SDH/PDH microwave)..............................................................................................3-2
Table 3-2 Functional unit (Hybrid microwave)....................................................................................................3-4
Table 3-3 List of IDUs..........................................................................................................................................3-6Table 3-4 Ser vice signal processing flow of the SDH/PDH microwave in the transmit direction....................3-10
Table 3-5 Ser vice signal processing flow of the SDH/PDH microwave in the receive direction......................3-11
Table 3-6 Ser vice signal processing flow of the Hybrid microwave in the transmit direction..........................3-13
Table 3-7 Ser vice signal processing flow of the Hybrid microwave in the receive direction............................3-14
Table 6-1 SDH/PDH microwave work modes (IF1 board)..................................................................................6-2
Table 6-2 Hy brid microwave work modes (IFU2 board).....................................................................................6-3
Table 6-3 Hy brid microwave work modes (IFX2 board).....................................................................................6-4
Table 6-4 Frequency Band (SP ODU)..................................................................................................................6-5
Table 6-5 Frequency band (SPA ODU)...............................................................................................................6-5
Table 6-6 Frequency band (HP ODU)..................................................................................................................6-6
Table 6-7 Frequency band (XMC-2 ODU)..........................................................................................................6-6
Table 6-8 Frequency band (LP ODU)..................................................................................................................6-7
Table 6-9 Frequency band (XMC-1 ODU)..........................................................................................................6-7
Table 6-10 Typical receiver sensitivity values (i) of the SDH/PDH microwave.................................................6-8
Table 6-11 Typical receiver sensitivity values (ii) of the SDH/PDH microwave................................................6-8
Table 6-12 Typical values of the receiver sensitivity (i) of the Hybrid microwave.............................................6-9
Table 6-13 Typical values of the receiver sensitivity (ii) of the Hybrid microwave..........................................6-10
Table 6-14 Typical values of the receiver sensitivity (iii) of the Hybrid microwave.........................................6-10
Table 6-15 Typical values of the receiver sensitivity (iv) of the Hybrid microwave.........................................6-11
OptiX RTN 950
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Table 6-16 Anti-multipath fading capability......................................................................................................6-12
Table 6-17 Transceiver Performance (SP ODU)................................................................................................6-13
Table 6-18 Transceiver performance (SPA ODU).............................................................................................6-13
Table 6-19 Transceiver performance (HP ODU)............................................................................................... 6-14
Table 6-20 Transceiver performance (XMC-2 ODU)........................................................................................6-16
Table 6-21 Transceiver performance (LP ODU)................................................................................................6-17
Table 6-22 Transceiver performance (XMC-1 ODU)........................................................................................6-17
Table 6-23 IF performance.................................................................................................................................6-18
Table 6-24 Baseband signal processing performance of the modem.................................................................6-19
Table 6-25 Component reliability ......................................................................................................................6-19
Table 6-26 Link reliability per hop.....................................................................................................................6-20
Table 6-27 STM-1 optical interface performance..............................................................................................6-20
Table 6-28 E1 interface performance.................................................................................................................6-21
Table 6-29 Performance of the GE optical interface .........................................................................................6-22
Table 6-30 GE electric interface performance....................................................................................................6-22
Table 6-31 FE electric interface performance....................................................................................................6-23
Table 6-32 Orderwire interface performance.....................................................................................................6-23
Table 6-33 Synchronous data interface performance.........................................................................................6-23
Table 6-34 Asynchronous data interface performance.......................................................................................6-24
Table 6-35 Wayside service interface performance........................................................................................... 6-24
Table 6-36 Clock timing and synchronization performance.............................................................................. 6-24
Table 6-37 Dimensions.......................................................................................................................................6-25
Table 6-38 Typical weight..................................................................................................................................6-25Table 6-39 Typical power consumption.............................................................................................................6-26
Table 6-40 Power Supply...................................................................................................................................6-26
Table 6-41 Environment performance................................................................................................................6-27
Table A-1 ITU-R standard...................................................................................................................................A-2
Table A-2 ETSI standard.....................................................................................................................................A-3
Table A-3 Relevant IEC standards......................................................................................................................A-4
Table A-4 ITU-T standard...................................................................................................................................A-4
Table A-5 IETF standard.....................................................................................................................................A-6
Table A-6 IEEE standard.....................................................................................................................................A-7
Table A-7 environmental standard......................................................................................................................A-7
Tables
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1 IntroductionAbout This Chapter
The OptiX RTN 950 is one of the series products of the OptiX RTN 900 radio transmission
system.
1.1 Network Application
The OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation split microwave transmission system developed by
Huawei. It can provide a seamless microwave transmission solution for a mobile communication
network or pr ivate network.
1.2 Components
The OptiX RTN 950 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU 950 and the ODU.
An ODU is connected to an IDU through an IF cable.
1.3 Radio Link Forms
The OptiX RTN 950 provides the radio links of different forms by flexibly configuring different
IF boards and ODUs to meet the requirements of different microwave application scenarios.
OptiX RTN 950
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1.1 Network Application
The OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation split microwave transmission system developed by
Huawei. It can provide a seamless microwave transmission solution for a mobile communication
network or private network.
The OptiX RTN 900 products are available in two types: OptiX RTN 910 and OptiX RTN 950.
The users can choose an appropriate type based on the actual requirements.
l The IDU of the OptiX RTN 910 is 1U high and supports one or two IF boards.
l The IDU of the OptiX RTN 950 is 2U high and supports one to six IF boards.
NOTE
The OptiX RTN 910 and OptiX RTN 950 support the same IF boards and service interface boards.
The OptiX RTN 950 provides several types of service interfaces and facilitates installation and
flexible configuration. It can provide a solution that is integrated with the TDM microwave,
Hybrid microwave, and Packet microwave based on the network requirements. It supports the
smooth upgrade from the TDM microwave to the Hybrid microwave, and from the Hybrid
microwave to the Packet microwave. The solution can evolve based on the service changes that
occur due to radio mobile network evolution. Thus, this solution can meet the transmission
requirements of not only 2G and 3G networks, but also future LTE and 4G networks.
Figure 1-1 and Figure 1-2 show the TDM microwave transmission solution and the Hybrid
microwave transmission solution respectively that are provided by the OptiX RTN 950 for the
mobile communication network.
Figure 1-1 TDM microwave transmission solution provided by the OptiX RTN 950
OptiX RTN 950 BTS BSC
E1
E1
E1
STM-1/E1 E1Regional Backhaul
Network
E1E1
E1
E1
E1
E1
1 Introduction
OptiX RTN 950
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Figure 1-2 Hybrid microwave transmission solution provided by the OptiX RTN 950
Regional Backhaul
Network
OptiX RTN 950 BTSNodeB BSCRNC
FE
E1
FE
E1
E1
E1
FE
FE/GE
STM-1/
E1
GE
E1
E1
STM-1/
E1
FE
NOTE
l In the solutions, the local backhaul network is optional. The OptiX RTN 950 can be connected to the RNC
or the BSC directly.
1.2 Components
The OptiX RTN 950 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU 950 and the ODU.
An ODU is connected to an IDU through an IF cable.
IDU 950
The IDU 950 is the indoor unit of an OptiX RTN 950 system. It accesses services, performs
multiplexing/demultiplexing and IF processing of the services, and provides system control and
communication function.
Table 1-1 lists the basic features of the IDU 950.
Table 1-1 Introduction of the IDU 950
Item Performance
Chassis height 2U
Pluggable Supported
Number of microwave
directions
1-6
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Item Performance
RF configuration mode 1+0 non-protection configuration
N+0 non-protection configuration (N≤ 5)
1+1 protection configuration
N+1 protection configuration (N≤ 4)
XPIC configuration
Figure 1-3 IDU 950
ODU
The ODU is the outdoor unit of the OptiX RTN 900. It performs frequency conversion and
amplification of signals.
The OptiX RTN 900 series products can uses the RTN 600 ODU and RTN XMC ODU, covering
6 GHz to 38 GHz entire frequency band.
NOTE
Unlike the other frequency bands that use 14 MHz, 28 MHz, or 56 MHz channel spacing, the 18 GHz
frequency band uses 13.75 MHz, 27.5 MHz, or 55 MHz channel spacing correspondingly.
Table 1-2 RTN 600 ODUs supported by the OptiX RTN 950
Item Description
Standard PowerODU
High Power ODU Low Capacity forPDH ODU
ODU type SP, SPA HP LP
1 Introduction
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Item Description
Standard PowerODU
High Power ODU Low Capacity forPDH ODU
Frequency band 7/8/11/13/15/18/23/26/38 GHz (SP
ODU)
6/7/8/11/13/15/18/2
3 GHz (SPA ODU)
7/8/10/10.5/11/13/15/18/23/26/28/32/38
GHz
7/8/11/13/15/18/23GHz
Microwave
modulation mode
QPSK/16QAM/
32QAM/64QAM/
128QAM/256QAM
(SP)
QPSK/16QAM/
32QAM/64QAM/128QAM (SPA)
QPSK/16QAM/
32QAM/64QAM/
128QAM/256QAM
QPSK/16QAM
Channel spacing 3.5/7/14/28 MHz 7/14/28/56 MHz 3.5/7/14/28 MHz
Table 1-3 RTN XMC ODUs supported by the OptiX RTN 950
Item Description
High Power ODU Low Capacity for PDHODU
ODU type XMC-2 XMC-1
Frequency band 7/8/13/15/18/23 GHz 7/8/13/15/18/23 GHz
Microwave modulation
mode
QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/
64QAM/128QAM/256QAM
QPSK/16QAM
Channel spacing 7/14/28/56 MHz 3.5/7/14/28 MHz
The OptiX RTN 950 provides an entire frequency band antenna solution, and supports the single-
polarized antenna and dual-polarized antenna with a diameter of 0.3 m to 3.7 m and the
corresponding feeder system.
There are two methods of mounting the ODU and the antenna: direct mounting and separate
mounting.
l The direct mounting method is normally adopted when a small-diameter and single-
polarized antenna is used. In this situation, if one ODU is configured for one antenna, the
ODU is directly mounted at the back of the antenna. If two ODUs are configured for one
antenna, an RF signal combiner/splitter (hereinafter referred to as a hybrid coupler) must
be mounted to connect the ODUs to the antenna. Figure 1-4 shows the direct mounting
method.
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Figure 1-4 Direct mounting
l The separate mounting method is adopted when a double-polarized antenna or big-diameter
and single-polarized antenna is used. Figure 1-5 shows the separate method. In this
situation, a hybrid coupler can be mounted. That is, two ODUs share one feed boom.
Figure 1-5 Separate mounting
1.3 Radio Link Forms
The OptiX RTN 950 provides the radio links of different forms by flexibly configuring different
IF boards and ODUs to meet the requirements of different microwave application scenarios.
1 Introduction
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Table 1-4 Radio link forms of the OptiX RTN 950
Radio Link Form Type of theControl,Switching, and
Timing Board
Type of the IFBoard
Type of the ODU
PDH radio link of the
low capacity
CST/CSH IF1 Low capacity for
PDH ODU
SDH/PDH radio link CST/CSH IF1 Standard power
ODU or high power
ODU
Hybrid radio link CSH IFU2 Standard power
ODU or high power
ODU
Hybrid radio link thatsupports the XPIC
CSH IFX2 Standard power ODU or high power
ODU
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2 Functions and FeaturesAbout This Chapter
The OptiX R TN 950 provides plentiful functions and features to ensure the quality and efficiency
of service transmission.
2.1 Frequency Band
The OptiX R TN 950 provides the products of full frequency bands.
2.2 Microwave Types
Different radio link forms of OptiX RTN 950 support different types of microwaves. The radio
link form of the SDH/PDH microwave supports the PDH microwave and the SDH microwave.
2.3 Modulation Strategy
The SDH/PDH microwave supports fixed modulation, whereas the Hybrid microwave supports
fixed modulation and adaptive modulation.
2.4 RF Configuration Modes
The OptiX R TN 950 supports the 1+0 non-protection configuration, the N+0 non-protection
configuration, 1+1 protection configuration, N+1 protection configuration, and XPIC
configuration.
2.5 Capacity
The OptiX RTN 950 has a high capacity.
2.6 InterfacesThe OptiX RTN 950 features multiple interface types.
2.7 Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation
Cross-polarization interference cancellation (XPIC) is a technology used together with co-
channel dual-polarization (CCDP). The application of the two technologies doubles the wireless
link capacity over the same channel.
2.8 Automatic Transmit Power Control
Automatic transmit power control (ATPC) enables the output power of the transmitter to
automatically trace the level fluctuation at the receive end within the ATPC control range. This
reduces the interference with neighboring systems and residual BER.
2.9 Ethernet Service Processing CapabilityThe OptiX RTN 950 provides the powerful Ethernet service processing capability.
OptiX RTN 950
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2.10 QoS
The OptiX RTN 950 provides improved quality of service (QoS) capabilities. Thus, the OptiX
RTN 950 can offer various QoS levels of service guarantees and build an integrated network to
carry data, voice, and video services.
2.11 Clock FeaturesThe clock features of the OptiX RTN 950 meet the requirements for transporting the clock of
the mobile communication network and provide the complete clock protection mechanism.
2.12 Protection Capability
The OptiX RTN 950 provides complete protection schemes.
2.13 Network Management
The OptiX RTN 950 supports multiple network management (NM) modes, and provides
complete NM information exchange schemes.
2.14 Easy Installation
The OptiX RTN 950 supports several installation modes. Thus, the installation of the equipment
is flexible and convenient.
2.15 Easy Maintenance
The OptiX RTN 950 provides several maintenance features. Thus, the cost of equipment
maintenance is effectively reduced.
2.16 Energy Saving
The OptiX RTN 950 adopts various technologies to reduce equipment energy.
2.17 Environmental Protection
The OptiX RTN 950 is designed according to the requirements of environmental protection. The
product complies with RoHS directive.
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2.1 Frequency BandThe OptiX RTN 950 provides the products of full frequency bands.
l When the OptiX RTN 950 uses the standard power ODU, the 6, 7, 8, 11, 13, 15, 18, 23,
26, and 38 GHz frequency bands are supported.
l When the OptiX RTN 950 uses the high power ODU, the 7, 8, 10, 10.5, 11, 13, 15, 18, 23,
26, 28, 32, and 38 GHz frequency bands are supported.
2.2 Microwave TypesDifferent radio link forms of OptiX RTN 950 support different types of microwaves. The radio
link form of the SDH/PDH microwave supports the PDH microwave and the SDH microwave.
2.2.1 PDH Microwave
The PDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits only the PDH services (mainly, the
E1 services).
2.2.2 SDH Microwave
The SDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits SDH services.
2.2.3 Hybrid Microwave
The Hybrid microwave refers to the microwave that transmits native E1 services and native
Ethernet services in hybrid mode. The Hybrid microwave supports the AM function.
2.2.1 PDH Microwave
The PDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits only the PDH services (mainly, the
E1 services).
Unlike the conventional PDH microwave equipment, the OptiX RTN 950 has a built-in MADM.
The MADM grooms the E1 services to the microwave port for further transmission. Thus, the
services can be groomed flexibly and seamless convergence between the optical network and
the microwave network is achieved.
Figure 2-1 PDH microwave
ODU
E1
IDU
OH MADM
PDH radioSDH
……
OptiX RTN 950
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2.2.2 SDH Microwave
The SDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits SDH services.
Unlike the conventional SDH microwave equipment, the OptiX RTN 950 has a built-in MADM.
The MADM grooms services to the microwave port through cross-connections, maps theservices into the STM-1-based microwave frames, and then transmits the STM-1-based
microwave frames. Thus, the services can be groomed flexibly and seamless convergence
between the optical network and the microwave network is achieved.
Figure 2-2 SDH microwave
ODU
E1
IDU
MADM
SDH radioSDH
OH
……
OH
……
2.2.3 Hybrid MicrowaveThe Hybrid microwave refers to the microwave that transmits native E1 services and native
Ethernet services in hybrid mode. The Hybrid microwave supports the AM function.
The OptiX RTN 950 has a built-in MADM and a packet processing platform. The MADM
transmits E1 services that are accessed locally or extracted from the SDH to the microwave port.
After processing the accessed Ethernet services in the unified manner, the packet processing
platform transmits the Ethernet services to the microwave port. The microwave port maps the
E1 services and the Ethernet services into Hybrid microwave frames and then transmits the
Hybrid microwave frames.
Figure 2-3 Hybrid microwave
ODU
Ethernet
E1
IDU
TDM
cross-connect
matrix
Packetswitching
Hybrid radio
Native E1 and native Ethernet
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The characteristics of Hybrid microwave frames are as follows:
l The frames with a fixed period are used for transmission.
l In the specific modulation mode or channel spacing, the length of Hybrid microwave frames
remains unchanged.
l The E1 services in Hybrid microwave frames occupy a fixed bandwidth (when N E1
services are transmitted, the bandwidth of N E1 services is occupied).
l In Hybrid microwave frames, the Ethernet services occupy the remaining bandwidth after
the E1 services occupy part of the bandwidth.
2.3 Modulation Strategy
The SDH/PDH microwave supports fixed modulation, whereas the Hybrid microwave supports
fixed modulation and adaptive modulation.
2.3.1 Fixed Modulation
Fixed modulation refers to a modulation strategy wherein a modulation mode is adopted
invariably on a running radio link.
2.3.2 Adaptive Modulation
Adaptive modulation (AM) is a technology wherein the modulation mode can be adjusted
automatically based on channel quality.
2.3.1 Fixed Modulation
Fixed modulation refers to a modulation strategy wherein a modulation mode is adopted
invariably on a running radio link.
When the OptiX RTN 950 uses the fixed modulation strategy, you can set the modulation mode
and the channel spacing through the software.
2.3.2 Adaptive Modulation
Adaptive modulation (AM) is a technology wherein the modulation mode can be adjusted
automatically based on channel quality.
In the case of the same channel spacing, the microwave service capacity varies with the
modulation mode. The higher the modulation efficiency, the higher the capacity of the
transmitted services is. When the channel quality is favorable (such as on days when the weather
is favorable), the equipment adopts a higher modulation mode to transmit more user services.In this manner, the transmission efficiency and the spectrum utilization of the system are
improved. When the channel quality is degraded (such as on days when the weather is stormy
and foggy), the equipment adopts a lower modulation mode to transmit only the services with
a higher priority within the available bandwidth and to discard the services with a lower priority.
In this manner, the anti-interference capability of the radio link is improved and the link
availability of the services with a higher priority is ensured.
When the Hybrid microwave equipment adopts the AM technology, it controls service
transmission based on the service bandwidth and QoS policy corresponding to the current
modulation mode. The E1 services have the highest priority. By adopting the QoS technology,
the equipment schedules Ethernet services of different types to the queues with different
priorities. The services in the queues with different priorities are transmitted to the microwave port through the SP or WRR algorithm. When the queues with certain priorities are congested
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due to insufficient microwave bandwidth, the queues with these priorities discard certain or all
services. When the Hybrid microwave works in the lowest modulation mode, the equipment
transmits only the E1 services and the Ethernet services with a high priority within the available
bandwidth. When the Hybrid microwave works in any other modulation mode, all the additional
bandwidth is used to transmit the Ethernet services. In this manner, the availability of the links
that carry the E1 services and the Ethernet services with the high priority is ensured and the
Ethernet service capacity is increased, thus providing the dynamic bandwidth.
Figure 2-4 shows the service change caused by the AM. The orange part indicates the E1
services, and the blue part indicates the Ethernet services. The closer to the edge of the blue part,
the lower the priority of the Ethernet service is. Under all channel conditions, the E1 services
occupy the specific bandwidth that is permanently available. Thus, the availability of the E1
services is ensured. The capacity for the Ethernet services varies with the channel conditions.
When the channel is in bad conditions, the Ethernet services with a low priority are discarded.
Figure 2-4 AM
Channel
capability
E1 services
256QAM32QAM
QPSK
256QAM
128QAM
32QAM
128QAM
64QAM
64QAM
16QAM
16QAM
Ethernet
services
The AM technology adopted by the OptiX RTN 950 has the following features:
l The AM technology can use the QPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, and
256QAM modulation mode.
l The lowest modulation mode (also called "reference mode") and the highest modulation
mode (also called "nominal mode") actually used by the AM can be configured.
l When the modulation modes of AM are switched, the transmit frequency, receive
frequency, and channel spacing do not change.
l When the modulation modes of AM are switched, the step-by-step switching mode is
adopted.
l AM switching is a hitless switch. When the AM scheme is downshifted, high-priority
services will not be affected due to the mode switching when the low-priority services are
discarded. The switching rate meets the requirement of the 100dB/s fast channel fading.
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2.4 RF Configuration Modes
The OptiX RTN 950 supports the 1+0 non-protection configuration, the N+0 non-protection
configuration, 1+1 protection configuration, N+1 protection configuration, and XPIC
configuration.
Table 2-1 lists the RF link configuration modes that are supported.
Table 2-1 RF configuration modes
Configuration Mode Maximum Number of Configurations
1+0 non-protection configuration 6
1+1 protection configuration (1+1 HSB/FD/
SD)
3
N+0 non-protection configuration (N≤ 5) 3 (N = 2)
2 (N = 3)
1 (N≥ 4)
N+1 protection configuration (N≤ 4) 3 (N = 1)
2 (N = 2)
1 (N≥ 3)
XPIC configuration 3
NOTE
l When two 1+0 non-protection configurations form a microwave ring network, the special RF configuration
(namely, east and west configuration) is formed. In the case of the east and west configuration, the SNCP
and the ERPS can be configured to protect the ring network of SDH/PDH services and Ethernet services.
l When the OptiX RTN 950 adds or drops services locally, it supports five 1+0 non-protection configurations
in the case of the TDM microwave, four 1+0 non-protection configurations in the case of the Hybrid
microwave, two 1+1 protection configurations, one 2+1 protection configuration, or two XPIC
configurations.
l Only the STM-1 microwave and Hybrid microwave support N+1 protection.
l Only the Hybrid microwave supports the XPIC configuration.
l Two XPIC configurations can form one 1+1 protection configuration of the XPIC.
2.5 Capacity
The OptiX RTN 950 has a high capacity.
2.5.1 Air Interface Capacity
The microwave air inter face capacity is related to the specific microwave working mode.
2.5.2 Cross-Connect Capacity
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The OptiX RTN 950 has a built-in MADM and provides full timeslot cross-connections for
VC-12/VC-3/VC-4 services equivalent to 32x32 VC-4s.
2.5.3 Switching Capacity
The OptiX RTN 950 has a built-in packet processing platform with the switching capacity of
10 Gbit/s.
2.5.1 Air Interface Capacity
The microwave air interface capacity is related to the specific microwave working mode.
l If the radio link form is the SDH/PDH microwave, the maximum capacity of each channel
of microwave is STM-1.
l If the radio link form is the Hybrid microwave, the maximum capacity of each channel of
microwave is 363 Mbit/s when the high power ODU is used or 183 Mbit/s when the standard
power ODU is used. If the XPIC technology is used, the service capacity of the microwave
channel can be doubled with same the spectrum bandwidth.
2.5.2 Cross-Connect Capacity
The OptiX R TN 950 has a built-in MADM and provides full timeslot cross-connections for
VC-12/VC-3/VC-4 services equivalent to 32x32 VC-4s.
2.5.3 Switching Capacity
The OptiX R TN 950 has a built-in packet processing platform with the switching capacity of
10 Gbit/s.
2.6 InterfacesThe OptiX RTN 950 features multiple interface types.
2.6.1 Microwave Interfaces
The OptiX RTN 950 provides microwave interfaces on the IF board and the ODU that is
connected to the IF board. Each microwave interface transmits one channel of microwave
service. In addition, it transmits various auxiliary services or paths through the microwave
overheads.
2.6.2 Service Interfaces
The service interfaces of different types can be provided by configuring different service
interface boards.
2.6.3 Management and Auxiliary Interfaces
The OptiX RTN 950 provides the management and auxiliary interfaces through the system
control, switching, and timing board and the auxiliary board.
2.6.1 Microwave Interfaces
The OptiX RTN 950 provides microwave interfaces on the IF board and the ODU that is
connected to the IF board. Each microwave interface transmits one channel of microwave
service. In addition, it transmits various auxiliary services or paths through the microwave
overheads.
Table 2-2 lists the auxiliary services or paths provided by each microwave interface.
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Table 2-2 Auxiliary services or paths provided by each microwave interface
Service/Path Type Quantity Rate
Synchronous data service 1 64 kbit/s
Asynchronous data service 1 19.2 kbit/s
Orderwire phone service 1 64 kbit/s
Wayside E1 servicea 1 2048 kbit/s
DCC path 1 64 kbit/s (The capacity is
lower than 16xE1 PDH
microwaves.)
192 kbit/s (The capacity is
not lower than 16xE1 SDH/
PDH microwaves.)
192 kbit/s (Hybrid
microwave)
NOTE
l The wayside E1 service is supported only when the radio link works in STM-1 mode.
2.6.2 Service Interfaces
The service interfaces of different types can be provided by configuring different service
interface boards.
Table 2-3 lists the type and number of the service interfaces supported by adding service
interface boards to the OptiX RTN 950.
Table 2-3 Type and number of the service interfaces supported by adding service interface
boards
Type of ServiceInterface Board
MaximumNumber of Boards
Provided ServiceInterface
Number ofInterfacesProvided by OneBoard
SP3S 5 75-ohm or 120-ohm
E1 interface
16
SP3D 5 75-ohm or 120-ohm
E1 interface
32
SL1D 5 STM-1 optical
interface (SFP): Ie-1,
S-1.1, L-1.1, and
L-1.2
2
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Type of ServiceInterface Board
MaximumNumber of Boards
Provided ServiceInterface
Number ofInterfacesProvided by OneBoard
EM6T 5 FE electrical
interface (RJ-45):
10/100BASE-T(X)
4
GE electrical
interface (RJ-45):
10/100/1000BASE-
T(X)
2
EM6F 5 FE electrical
interface (RJ-45):
10/100BASE-T(X)
4
GE electrical
interface (SFP):
10/100/1000BASE-
T(X) or
GE optical interface
(SFP): 1000Base-
SX, 1000Base-LX
2
NOTE
"Maximum Number of Boards" in the Table 2-3 is the maximum number calculated when at least one IF
board is configured.
2.6.3 Management and Auxiliary Interfaces
The OptiX RTN 950 provides the management and auxiliary interfaces through the system
control, switching, and timing board and the auxiliary board.
Table 2-4 Type and number of management and auxiliary interfaces
Interface Specifications Quantity
External clock
interface
Combined 120-ohm 2,048 kbit/s or 2,048 kHz clock
input/output interface
1
Management
interface
10/100BASE-T(X) NM interface 1
NM serial interface 1
10/100BASE-T(X) NE cascading interface 1
Auxiliary
interface
Orderwire interface 1
RS-232 asynchronous data interface 1
64 kbit/s synchronous data interface 1
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Interface Specifications Quantity
Wayside E1 interface 1
Alarm interface Alarm input/output interface Four inputs and
two outputs
NOTE
l The external clock interface and wayside E1 interface are combined into one interface. This interface can
transparently transmit the DCC byte, orderwire overhead byte, and synchronous/asynchronous data service
overhead byte. One interface, however, can implement only one of the three functions: external clock
interface, wayside E1 service, and transparent transmission of the overhead byte.
l The 64 kbit/s synchronous data interface can transparently transmit the orderwire byte. One interface,
however, can implement only one of the two functions: 64 kbit/s synchronous data interface and transparent
transmission of the orderwire byte.
l The external clock interface and the management interface are provided by the system control, switching,
and timing board (CST/CSH). The auxiliary interface and the alarm interface are provided by the AUX
board.
l The number of external clock interfaces or the number of management interfaces listed in the table is the
number of interfaces provided by one system control, switching, and timing board.
2.7 Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation
Cross-polarization interference cancellation (XPIC) is a technology used together with co-
channel dual-polarization (CCDP). The application of the two technologies doubles the wireless
link capacity over the same channel.
CCDP transmission adopts both the horizontally polarized wave and the vertically polarized
wave on one channel to transmit two channels of signals. The ideal situation of CCDP
transmission is that no interference is present between the two orthogonal signals although they
are with the same frequency. In this manner, the receiver can easily recover the two signals. In
actual engineering conditions, despite the orthogonality of the two signals, interference between
the signals inevitably occurs due to cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) of the antenna and
channel degradation. To cancel the interference, the XPIC technology is adopted. In XPIC
technology, the signals are received in the horizontal and vertical directions. The signals in the
two directions are then processed and the original signals are recovered from interfered signals.
2.8 Automatic Transmit Power Control
Automatic transmit power control (ATPC) enables the output power of the transmitter to
automatically trace the level fluctuation at the receive end within the ATPC control range. This
reduces the interference with neighboring systems and residual BER.
2.9 Ethernet Service Processing Capability
The OptiX RTN 950 provides the powerful Ethernet service processing capability.
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Table 2-5 Ethernet service processing capability
Item Performance
Ethernet service
type
E-LINE and E-LAN
Maximum frame
length
1518 bytes to 9600 bytes
VLAN l Adds, deletes, and switches VALN tags that comply with IEEE
802.1q/p, and forwards packets based on VLAN tags.
l Processes packets based on the port tag attribute (Tag/Hybrid/
Access).
MAC address l The E-LAN service supports the MAC address learning capability in
two learning modes: SVL and IVL.
l
MAC addresses can be filtered. That is, the blacklist entry of MACaddresses is supported.
l Setting static MAC address entries is supported.
l The capacity of the MAC address table is 16 k (including static
entities).
l The MAC address aging time can be configured. The value ranges
from 1 to 65535 minutes.
MSTP Supports the MSTP protocol, and generates only the Common and
Internal Spanning Tree (CIST).
IGMP Snooping Supported.
Link aggregation Supported for the FE/GE port and microwave port. Supports manual
aggregation and static aggregation, and load sharing and non-load
sharing. The load sharing algorithm is implemented based on the hash
of the MAC address or IP address.
ERPS Supports the G.8032 compliant ring network protection of Ethernet
services.
LPT Disables the Ethernet port that is connected to the user equipment when
the transmission network fails.
QoS Supported. For details, see 2.10 QoS.
Traffic control
function
Supports the IEEE 802.3x complaint traffic control function.
ETH-OAM Supports IEEE 802.1ag and IEEE 802.3ah compliant ETH-OAM
function.
Ethernet
performance
monitoring
Supports IETF RFC2819 compliant RMON performance monitoring.
Port mirror Supported.
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NOTE
l a: When the SDH/PDH radio link forms the ring network protection, the SNCP is used to protect SDH/PDH
services.
l b: When the Hybrid radio link forms the ring network protection, the SNCP is used to protect E1 services
and the ERPS is used to protect Ethernet services.
l c: When the SDH radio link and the optical STM-1 path form a hybrid ring network, the SNCP is used to
protect services on the ring network.
2.13 Network Management
The OptiX RTN 950 supports multiple network management (NM) modes, and provides
complete NM information exchange schemes.
NM Mode
The OptiX RTN 950 supports the following functions:
l Accessing the iManager LCT directly at the near end of the NE to perform the single-point
management for the NE
l Using the OptiX iManager U2000 to manage all OptiX RTN NEs on the transmission
network and the NEs of Huawei optical transmission products in the concentrated manner
and to manage the transmission networks in the unified manner
NM Information Exchange Schemes
At the physical layer, the OptiX RTN 950 supports the following NM information exchangeschemes:
l Using one or three Huawei-defined DCC bytes in the PDH microwave frame to transmit
NM information
l Using the D1-D3, D4-D12, or D1-D12 bytes in the SDH microwave frame and the SDH
frame to transmit NM information
l Using three Huawei-defined bytes in the Hybrid microwave frame to transmit NM
information
l Using the Ethernet NM interface to transmit NM information
l Using the DCC bytes that are transmitted through the external clock interface to transmit
NM information on an SDH/PDH network
l Supporting the inband DCN function, and using the Ethernet service bandwidth to transmit
NM information at the Hybrid microwave port or FE/GE port
At the network layer, the OptiX RTN 950 supports the following NM information exchange
schemes:
l Using HWECC to transmit NM information
l Using IP over DCC to transmit NM information
l Using OSI over DCC to transmit NM information
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2.14 Easy Installation
The OptiX RTN 950 supports several installation modes. Thus, the installation of the equipment
is flexible and convenient.
The IDU can be installed in the following modes:
l In a 300 mm ETSI cabinet
l In a 600 mm ETSI cabinet
l In a 450 mm 19-inch cabinet
l In a 600 mm 19-inch cabinet
l In an open cabinet
l On a wall
l On a table
The ODU supports two installation modes: direct mounting and separate mounting.
2.15 Easy Maintenance
The OptiX RTN 950 provides several maintenance features. Thus, the cost of equipment
maintenance is effectively reduced.
l The OptiX RTN 950 supports the unified management of the microwave transmission
network and the optical transmission network at the network layer by using the iManger
U2000.
l All the indicators and cable interfaces of the IDU are available on the front panel.
l Each board of the IDU has the running and alarm status indicators.
l The OptiX RTN 950 provides plentiful alarms and performance events.
l The OptiX RTN 950 supports RMON performance events.
l The OptiX RTN 950 supports the ETH OAM function.
l The OptiX RTN 950 supports the monitoring and the graphic display of key radio
transmission performance specifications such as the microwave transmit power and the
RSSI.
l The OptiX RTN 950 supports various loopback functions of service ports and IF ports.
l The OptiX RTN 950 has a built-in test system. You can perform the PRBS test of an IF
port even when no special test tools are available.
l The OptiX RTN 950 supports the port mirror function so that it can test and diagnose
services without affecting Ethernet services.
l The CF card that stores the data configuration file and the software can be replaced on site.
Thus, you can load the data or upgrade the software by replacing the CF card.
l Two sets of software and data are stored in the flash memory of the control, switching, and
timing board to facilitate the smooth upgrade.
l
The OptiX RTN 950 supports the regular backup and restoration of the NE databaseremotely by using the U2000.
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l The OptiX RTN 950 supports the remote loading of the NE software and data by using the
U2000 to provide a complete NE upgrade solution. Thus, the entire network can be
upgraded rapidly.
l The OptiX RTN 950 supports the NSF function. When the soft reset is performed for the
NE software, SDH/PDH services and E-Line services are not interrupted, thusimplementing the smooth software upgrade.
l The OptiX RTN 950 supports the hot patch loading function. You can upgrade the software
that is running without interrupting services.
l The OptiX RTN 950 supports the software version rollback function. When a software
upgrade fails, the original software can be recovered, and therefore the original services of
the system can be restored.
2.16 Energy Saving
The OptiX RTN 950 adopts various technologies to reduce equipment energy.l Uses an easy scheme for board design.
l Replaces the ordinary chips with ASIC chips that require a lower power consumption.
l Uses the power module with high efficiency.
l Intelligent adjustment of the fan speed: With intelligent adjustment of the fan speed, heat
of the system can be dissipated in a timely manner, electrical energy can be reduced, and
noise can be minimized.
l Shutting down of the unused FE/GE port and SFP optical module.
2.17 Environmental ProtectionThe OptiX RTN 950 is designed according to the requirements of environmental protection. The
product complies with RoHS directive.
l With regard to the packing design, the OptiX RTN 950 undergoes a necessary packing
process, and the size of the package containing the equipment and accessories is at most
three times that of the net equipment.
l The product is also designed for easy unpacking. In addition, all hazardous substances
contained in packaging decompose easily.
l Plugs and connectors are easy to find, and the associated operations can be performed by
using simple tools.
l All the attached materials, such as labels, are easy to remove. Certain identification
information, such as silkscreens, is printed on the front panel or chassis.
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3 Product StructureAbout This Chapter
This topic describes the system architecture, hardware architecture, and software architecture
of the product, and the process of processing service signals.
3.1 System Architecture
The SDH/PDH microwave system architecture is different from the Hybrid microwave
architecture.
3.2 Hardware Structure
The OptiX R TN 950 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU and the ODU. An
ODU is connected to an IDU through an IF cable. The IF cable transmits IF service signals and
the O&M signals of the ODU, and supplies -48 V DC power to the ODU.
3.3 Software Structure
The OptiX R TN 950 software consists of the NMS software, IDU software, and ODU software.
3.4 Service Signal Processing Flow
The flow for transmitting the SDH/PDH microwave signals is different from the flow for
transmitting the Hybrid microwave signals.
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3.1 System Architecture
The SDH/PDH microwave system architecture is different from the Hybrid microwavearchitecture.
3.1.1 SDH/PDH Microwave
The SDH/PDH microwave equipment consists of a series of functional units, including the
service interface unit, timeslot cross-connect unit, IF unit, control unit, clock unit, auxiliary
interface unit, fan unit, power unit, and ODU.
3.1.2 Hybrid Microwave
The Hybrid microwave equipment consists of a series of functional units, including the service
interface unit, timeslot cross-connect unit, packet switching unit, IF unit, control unit, clock unit,
auxiliary interface unit, fan unit, power unit, and ODU.
3.1.1 SDH/PDH Microwave
The SDH/PDH microwave equipment consists of a series of functional units, including the
service interface unit, timeslot cross-connect unit, IF unit, control unit, clock unit, auxiliary
interface unit, fan unit, power unit, and ODU.
Figure 3-1 Block diagram (SDH/PDH microwave)
Sync/Async data
External alarm data
IF unit
ODU
E1/STM-1
-48V/-60V DC
IDU
Timeslot
cross-
connect
unit
VC-4
signal
Orderwire data
Service
interface
unit
Control and
overhead bus
Fan
unit
Clock
unit
Control
unit
Auxiliary
interface
unit
Power
unit
Clock interface NM data
VC-4
signal
IF signal
RF
signal
Antenna
Table 3-1 Functional unit (SDH/PDH microwave)
Functional Unit Function
Service interface
unit
l Accesses E1 signals.
l Accesses STM-1 signals.
3 Product Structure
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Functional Unit Function
Timeslot cross-
connect unit
Provides the cross-connect function and grooms TDM services.
IF unit l Maps service signals to microwave frame signals and demapsmicrowave frame signals to service signals.
l Performs conversion between microwave frame signals and IF
analog signals.
l Provides the O&M channel between the IDU and the ODU.
l Supports FEC.
Control unit l Provides the system communications and control.
l Provides the system configuration and management.
l Collects alarms and monitors performance.
l Processes overheads.
Clock unit l Traces the clock source signals and provides various clock signals
for the system.
l Provides the input/output interface for external clock signals.
Auxiliary interface
unit
l Provides the orderwire interface.
l Provides the synchronous/asynchronous data interface.
l Provides the external alarm input/output interface.
Power unit l Accesses -48 V/-60 V DC power.
l Provides DC power for the IDU.
l Provides -48 V DC power for the ODU.
Fan unit Provides the wind cooling function for the IDU.
3.1.2 Hybrid Microwave
The Hybrid microwave equipment consists of a series of functional units, including the service
interface unit, timeslot cross-connect unit, packet switching unit, IF unit, control unit, clock unit,
auxiliary interface unit, fan unit, power unit, and ODU.
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Figure 3-2 Block diagram (Hybrid microwave)
Sync/Async data
External alarm data
Packet
switching
unit
IF unit
ODU
E1/STM-1
-48V/-60V DC
IDU
Ethernet
Ethernet
signal
Timeslot
cross-
connect
unit
VC-4
signal
Orderwire data
Service
interface
unit
Control and
overhead bus
Fan
unit
Clock
unit
Control
unit
Auxiliaryinterface
unit
Power
unit
Clock interface NM data
Ethernet
signal
VC-4
signal
IF signal
RF
signal
Antenna
Table 3-2 Functional unit (Hybrid microwave)
Functional Unit Function
Service interface
unit
l Accesses E1 signals.
l Accesses STM-1 signals.
l Accesses Ethernet signals.
Timeslot cross-
connect unit
Provides the cross-connect function and grooms TDM services.
Packet switching
unit
Processes Ethernet services and forwards packets.
IF unit l Maps service signals to microwave frame signals and demapsmicrowave frame signals to service signals.
l Performs conversion between microwave frame signals and IF
analog signals.
l Provides the O&M channel between the IDU and the ODU.
l Supports FEC.
Control unit l Provides the system communications and control.
l Provides the system configuration and management.
l Collects alarms and monitors performance.
l Processes overheads.
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Functional Unit Function
Clock unit l Traces the clock source signal and provides various clock signals
for the system.
l Supports input and output of one external clock signal.
Auxiliary interface
unit
l Provides the orderwire interface.
l Provides the synchronous/asynchronous data interface.
l Provides the external alarm input/output interface.
Power unit l Accesses -48 V/-60 V DC power.
l Provides DC power for the IDU.
l Provides -48 V DC power for the ODU.
Fan unit Provides the wind cooling function for the IDU
3.2 Hardware Structure
The OptiX RTN 950 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU and the ODU. An
ODU is connected to an IDU through an IF cable. The IF cable transmits IF service signals and
the O&M signals of the ODU, and supplies -48 V DC power to the ODU.
3.2.1 IDU
The IDU 950 is the indoor unit of the OptiX RTN 950.
3.2.2 ODU
The ODU is an integrated system and has various types. The architectures and working principles
of various types of ODUs are almost the same.
3.2.1 IDU
The IDU 950 is the indoor unit of the OptiX RTN 950.
The IDU 950 adopts the card plug-in design. It can implement different functions by configuring
different types of boards. All the service boards support hot-swapping.
Figure 3-3 IDU slot layout
Slot
9
(PIU)
Slot 7 (CST/CSH)
Slot 1 (EXT)
Slot 5 (EXT)
Slot 3 (EXT)
Slot 2 (EXT)
Slot 4 (EXT)
Slot 6 (EXT)
Slot 8 (CST/CSH)Slot
10
(PIU) Slot
11
(FAN)
NOTE
The EXT represents an extended slot, which can be inserted with various IF boards and interface boards.
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Table 3-3 List of IDUs
BoardName
FullSpelling Valid Slot Description
CST TDMcontrol,
switching,
and timing
board
Slot 7 or slot8
l Provides full timeslot cross-connectionsfor VC-12/VC-3/VC-4 services equivalent
to 32x32 VC-4s.
l Performs system communication and
control.
l Provides the clock processing function and
supports one external clock input/output
function.
l Provides one Ethernet NM interface, one
NM serial interface, and one NE cascading
interface.
CSH Hybrid
control,
switching,
and timing
board
Slot 7 or slot
8
l Provides full timeslot cross-connections
for VC-12/VC-3/VC-4 services equivalent
to 32x32 VC-4s.
l Provides the 10 Gbit/s packet switching
capability.
l Performs system communication and
control.
l Provides the clock processing function and
supports one external clock input/output
function.
l Provides one Ethernet NM interface, one NM serial interface, and one NE cascading
interface.
IF1 SDH IF
board
Slot 1 to slot
6
l Provides one IF interface.
l Supports the TU-based PDH microwave
solution and the STM-1-based SDH
microwave solution.
IFU2 Universal IF
board
Slot 1 to slot
6
l Provides one IF interface.
l Supports the Hybrid microwave solution.
l Supports AM.
IFX2 Universal
XPIC IF
board
Slot 1 to slot
6
l Provides one IF interface.
l Supports the XPIC function of the Hybrid
microwave.
l Supports the AM of the Hybrid
microwave.
SL1D 2xSTM-1
interface
board
Slot 1 to slot
6
Uses the SFP module to provide two STM-1
optical interfaces.
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BoardName
FullSpelling Valid Slot Description
EM6T 6 Port RJ45
Ethernet/
Gigabit
Ethernet
Interface
Board
Slot 1 to slot
6
l