TABLE OF CONTENTS

Pages

Title: The Feasibility of Banana peelings (Musa Acuminata) as Shoe polish..............1

Review of Related Literature.................................................................................2

Documentations.....................................................................................................3

Figure 1......................................................................................................4

Figure1.1................................................................................................... 4

Figure1.2....................................................................................................4

Figure 1.3.................................................................................................. 4

Figure 1.4.................................................................................................. 5

Figure 1.5.................................................................................................. 5

Figure 1.6.................................................................................................. 5

Figure 1.7...................................................................................................5

Bibliography..........................................................................................................5

Title: Orange Peelings Extract as Bug Repellent..........................................................6

Review of Related Literature.................................................................................7

Documentations.....................................................................................................8

Figure 1.8...................................................................................................9

Figure 1.9...................................................................................................9

Figure 2.0...................................................................................................9

Figure 2.1...................................................................................................10

Figure 2.2...................................................................................................10

Figure 2.3...................................................................................................10

Figure 2.4...................................................................................................10

Figure 2.5...................................................................................................11

Bibliography..........................................................................................................12

The Feasibility of Banana peelings (Musa Acuminata) as Shoe polish

“Banana” is a general term to a number of hybrid in the genus Musa of the family Musaceae.

Bananas that can be eaten usually grow to tropical or near tropical regions, specifically the area

between latitudes 30°N and 30°S.

The banana plant, often referred to as a "tree", is a large herb, with luscious, very juicy stem

(properly "pseudostem") which is a cylinder of leaf-petiole sheaths, reaching a height of 20 to 25

ft (6-7.5 m) and arising from a fleshy rhizome or corm. (Morton, 1987).

Banana’s flesh is rich vitamins like B-6, B-12, manganese, and potassium, also contains small

amount of protein and fiber. In general, the peels contain more nutrients and fiber that relates the

inside flesh.

Banana peels are also rich in potassium that contain more soluble and insoluble than its flesh.

Dietary fiber improves bowel movements and reduces blood and cholesterol levels. Banana peels

also contain Tryptophan that affects the mood just like drug Prozac does. (Bond, 2015).

According to the study of May (2008), Shoe polishes are usually a waxy paste or a cream

and used to polish, waterproof, and restore the appearance of shoes. Many Substances have been

used to make shoe polish as years gone by. Starting with wax and tallow that are substances that

came from a natural source.

As stated by Hudson (2012):

You do not need to expose your beloved boots, shoes, dress, and bags in toxic

chemicals just to give them a good buff and polish. Conventional shoe polish can

improve but it contains harmful chemicals that are hazardous to your health and

environment.

In addition, the natural oils of a banana peel were the ones responsible for the

shoes’ glossy wonder.

As stated by Hildablue.com: “Bananas contain potassium, an ingredient commonly found in

conventional shoe polish products, and the oil from the banana skin will absorb into the leather,

resulting in shiny shoes that will last longer”.

According to the study of Szalay (2014), Banana peels are not poisonous and it is eaten in

many parts of the world.

As stated by Morris (2013).Most banana peels contain some pesticide residue. Pesticides are

chemicals farmers and growers use to kill insects and other pests. Touching it does not put you in

harm if you don’t like pesticides on it you buy organic. Organic farmers use fewer pesticides

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Morton, J. (1987). Banana: Musa x Paridasiaca. Retrieved from:

https://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/banana.html

May. (2008, April 11). The feasibility of producing shoe polisher out of banana peelings.

Retrieved from: http://may-shoepolish.blogspot.com/search?updated-min=2008-01-

01T00:00:00-08:00&updated-max=2009-01-01T00:00:00-08:00&max-results=1

Bond, O. (2015, April 14). What are the benefits of banana peelings? Retrieved from:

http://www.livestrong.com/article/457082-what-are-the-benefits-of-eating-banana-peels/

Hudson, K. (2012, February 18). 2 natural shoe shines for DIY fashionistas. Retrieved from:

http://www.organicauthority.com/sanctuary/naturally-shine-shoes-polish.html

Morris I. (2013, Dec 18) Are banana peels toxic? Retrieved from:

http://www.livestrong.com/article/462010-are-banana-peels-toxic/

Szalay J. (2014, Sept 29). Bananas: health benefits risks & nutrition facts. Retrieved from:

http://www.livescience.com/45005-banana-nutrition-facts.html

Hildablue (2015). Banana peel shoe shine. Retrieved from:

http://hildablue.com/2013/02/06/banana-peel-shoe-shine/

Orange Peelings Extract as Bug repellent

As stated by National Pesticide Information Center (2015), Insecticides are pesticides that are

formulated to kill, harm, repel or mitigate one or more species of insect. Insecticides work in

different ways. Some insecticides disrupt the nervous system, whereas others may damage their

exoskeletons, repel them or control them by some other means. They can also be packaged

in various forms including sprays, dusts, gels, and baits. Because of these factors, each

insecticide can pose a different level of risk to non-target insects, people, pets and

the environment.

According to Weili Liu et al. (2003), Mosquito coil can control mosquitoes effectively but

has harmful effects to human health. The emission of formaldehyde from one burning coil cas be

as high as the one released by 51 cigarettes.

Williamson (2015) stated the following:

There are several reasons to prove that an insecticide is considered less toxic. They

should have less risk to human and environmental health. Some insecticides are very

specifics that the other organisms are not affected or just slightly affected. Organic

Pesticides are less damaging pesticides to the environment in comparison to conventional

pesticides. All pesticides should be examined because some organic pesticides can be as

toxic or even more toxic, than some synthetic pesticides.

According to Morton (1987).One of the most widely favored of the world's fruits, the

orange, sweet orange, or round orange, was for many years known as Citrus

aurantium var. sinensis L. and considered to be a form of the sour orange (q.v.). In addition,

Botanically; orange is the citrus fruit belonging in the Rutaceae family, of the genus; Citrus. The

genus citrus also includes other related species of oranges such as pomelo, tangerine (mandarin

orange), yuzu, lemon, andgrapefruit. Scientific name: Citrus sinensis. (Rudrappa, 2015)

According to Adams & Media (2015).The orange (Citrus sinensus), often known as sweet

orange it is an amazing fruit not only for its edibility, but for the high quantities of the substance

limonene, sometimes called d-limonene, found in its peel and zest. Limonene is a pesticide and is

found in many commercial insect repellents.

Oil derived from sweet orange peel has a 90 to 95 percent content of limonene, which is

good for killing fleas, fire ants and flies. Limonene affects insects on contact, effectively

suffocating them by damaging their respiratory systems. Many insects such as cockroaches, ants

and silverfish do not care for the scent of orange oil and will avoid it. Placing bits of orange peel

or zest around the garden repels flies and mosquitoes. Rubbing orange peel on the skin is a home

remedy for preventing mosquito bites. (Green Living Tips, 2011).

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Environmental Health Perspect (2003). Retrieved from:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1241646/

Power Your Diet (2015).Orange Fruit nutrition Facts. Retrieved from:

http://www.nutrition-and-you.com/orange-fruit.html

Morton, J. (1987). Orange: Citrus sinensis. Retrieved from:

https://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/orange.html

Adams K., & Media D. Sweet orange as a natural bug repellent. Retrieved from:

http://homeguides.sfgate.com/sweet-orange-natural-bug-repellent-86116.html

National Pesticide Information Center (2015). Insecticides. Retrieved from:

http://npic.orst.edu/ingred/ptype/insecticide.html

Green Living Tips (2015). Uses around the home for orange peel. Retrieved from:

http://www.greenlivingtips.com/articles/Orange-peel-tips.html

Williamson J. (2015). Less toxic insecticides rev ed. Retrieved from:

http://www.clemson.edu/extension/hgic/pests/pesticide/hgic2770.html

Department of EducationNational Capital RegionDivision of City Schools

BATASAN HILLS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLIBP Road, Batasan Hills Quezon City

Science Technology Engineering (STE)

Major Final Outputin

RESEARCH II(2nd Grading Period)

Apraem Cayle F. MabagaResearcher

Mr. Gerald D. SorianoResearch Teacher

The Feasibility

of Banana

peelings (Musa

Acuminata) as

Shoe polish

Orange

Peelings

Extract as Bug

repellent

DOCUMENTATIONS

DOCUMENTATIONS