Where Can We Get with Advanced Commercial Codes ? - A Look from the Inside

Where Can We Get with Advanced Commercial Where Can We Get with Advanced Commercial Codes ? Codes ? -- A Look from the InsideA Look from the Inside

Ronald E. JarnaginStaff Scientist

Pacific Northwest National Lab

Presentation to the ACEEE Market Transformation ConferenceMarch 31, 2008

OverviewOverviewOverview

IntroductionGetting There With StandardsWhat To Look For In Advanced Codes and StandardsASHRAE’s Advanced Energy Design GuidesCreate Value In The MarketplaceHow Can Advocacy Community Help?

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Today’s building designsmortgage the energy

futureof the United States.

TodayToday’’ss buildingbuilding designsdesignsmortgagemortgage thethe energy energy

futurefutureof the United States.of the United States.

So, Here Is the Problem

So, What is the Solution?So, What is the Solution?So, What is the Solution?

Make minimum codes and standards more stringentAdd additional covered equipment in standards to address greater savings (i.e. refrigeration)Get the unregulated loads in the equationAdd in considerations for commissioning and O&MFix the fee problem that drives designers to off-the-shelf designsTrain code officials to do a better job of inspection

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Getting There With StandardsGetting There With StandardsGetting There With Standards

Standards form the basis for most code documents and become the baseline in our quest for advanced savings

Standards Guiding PrinciplesStandards Guiding PrinciplesStandards Guiding Principles

• With new buildings adding only 2% to the stock each year, we must emphasize improvements to existing buildings

• Standard 90.1 provides the code minimum baseline, which must meet widespread consensus in the marketplace as the requirement for all new buildings

• Above-code documents can lead the market by providing means to voluntarily exceed code minimum requirements

ASHRAE’s Key StandardsASHRAEASHRAE’’ss Key StandardsKey Standards

• ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010 – goal is 30 percent improvement over 90.1-2004

• ASHRARE Standard 189.1P – Design of High Performance Green Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings

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Energy Use Targets

3630 25 20

15 105 00

10203040

2010 2013 2016 2019 2022 2025 2028 2031

For ASHRAE Code-Intended StandardsCombination of Standard 90.1 and Standard 189

Targets in kbtu/square foot/year

What To Look For In Advanced Codes

What To Look For In Advanced What To Look For In Advanced CodesCodes

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Envelope SystemsEnvelope SystemsEnvelope Systems

Generally the next level of insulation will get you to 30% in most climatesControl window-to-wall ratio to make the problem easierUse high performance glazing almost everywhereExternal shading makes the job easierAddress widow orientation where appropriateAllow for visible light transmission if day lighting is being considered

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Lighting SystemsLighting SystemsLighting Systems

The lighting power densities are getting pretty low for most building typesMore aggressive occupancy controls for lighting are quite effectiveWatch the off-hours lighting use as it can be larger than you thinkProvide for day lighting controls in appropriate spaces, but careful with the commissioningMake sure to address exterior lighting (façade, parking lots)

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Heating And Cooling SystemsHeating And Cooling SystemsHeating And Cooling Systems

Systems need to be appropriately sizedFor most applications part load performance is key (sorry full load performance advocates….)Use of dedicated outdoor air systems, particularly in hot humid climates can achieve savings and maintain comfortYou really have to consider climate variable equipment efficienciesSome systems probably shouldn’t be allowed in some applications

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800 Pound Gorillas800 Pound Gorillas800 Pound Gorillas

Plug loads – they can eat you alive, especially when you ratchet down the other systemsRefrigeration equipment needs to be in the scope of the standardsVertical transportation must also be considered for multiple story buildingsWatch the ventilation system designs to avoid excess energy waste

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ASHRAE’s Advanced Energy Design Guides

ASHRAEASHRAE’’ss Advanced Energy Advanced Energy Design GuidesDesign Guides

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Advanced Energy Design GuidesAdvanced Energy Design GuidesEach 30% Guide addresses a specific building type.

Small Office (published in 2004)Small Retail (published in 2006)K-12 Schools (published in 2007)Warehouses and Self-Storage (in publication, the spring of 2008)Highway Lodging (under development)Health Care Facilities (Under development) Existing Building – Business Case (under contract)Existing Building – Technical Guide (planned)Over 40,000 downloaded free!

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ASHRAE’s Key Partners in AEDGs and NZEB

ASHRAEASHRAE’’ss Key Partners in Key Partners in AEDGsAEDGs and and NZEBNZEB

Key Features of AEDG DocumentsKey Features of AEDG DocumentsKey Features of AEDG Documents

Prescriptive requirements that provide “a way, but not the only way” to achieve 30% energy savingsAll recommendations contained on a single page in the documentTechnologies employed are “off the shelf” and readily availableLiberal use of “how-to” guidanceTargeted to reach energy savings target in all climate locations

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AEDG Energy Savings

38% 37%40%

42%

31% 30%

35%33%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

Small Office Small Retail K-12 School Warehouse

Savings over 90.1-1999 Savings over 90.1-2004

Advanced Energy Design GuidesAdvanced Energy Design Guides

Create Value in the MarketplaceCreate Value in the MarketplaceCreate Value in the Marketplace

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Building Energy

Labeling

Labels can help to create

value in the real estate market

Estimated Energy PerformanceEstimated Energy PerformanceEstimated Energy Performance

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ASHRAE HQ Building - Monthly Electrical Use (kWh)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

J F M A M J J A S O N D

Thou

sand

s

Actual

Baseline

Advanced

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How Can Advocacy Community Help?How Can Advocacy Community Help?How Can Advocacy Community Help?What We Need From You:

-Participation in the codes and standards development process

-Support for legitimate efforts to “advance the ball” in codes and standards

-Push to provide incentives, affect fee reforms, and help condition the market

-Try to achieve your objectives in concert with others

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Now, Surely You Must Have a Question or Two…..

Now, Surely You Must Have a Question or Now, Surely You Must Have a Question or TwoTwo……....

Ron Jarnagin:Ron.jarnagin@pnl.gov(509) 375-3813