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Romaine Lettuce Variety Trials, 2009
UH Poamoho Experiment StationWinter 2008 trials grown Dec. 2008 to March 2009
Hector Valenzuela, Ted Goo and Susan MigitaUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa
College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resourcestel. 808-956-7903
Fresh Heart 41-40RZ
Romaine Lettuce Variety TrialUH Poamoho Research StationSpring 2009Plot size= 30 ft double rows, staggered planting 2 ft between plants within the row
Schedule:Direct Seeded Dec. 22, 2008Thin and Transplant to blank spots Jan. 14, Jan. 26thTransplant from trays Feb. 2, 2009First Harvest March 2, 2009Days to first harvest after direct seeding: 70 days
-------------- HWY------------------ HWY --------------
XXX XXX XXXX XXXX 932MagentaJohnnys
933GalacticJohnnys
934WinterDensityJohnnys
925Heavy Heart
Seminis
926ValleyHeart
Seminis
927BambiJohnnys
928JerichoJohnnys
929EruptionJohnnys
930Claremont
Johnnys
931ConceptJohnnys
HEADHOUSE
922Noga
Hazera
923LinoyHazera
924TanirHazera
924ABraveHeart
Seminis
XXX XXX XXX
915ParamountSiegers/Enza
916ValleyFresh
Siegers/Syngene
917Tall
GuzmaineElite
Siegers/Pybas
918Barracuda
Siegers/Syngenta
919Nun-6044Nunhems
920Nun-6047Nuhmems
921Lital
Hazera
9071594 PYB
Siegers
909Coastal
StarSiegers
910HeartsDelightSiegers/
Enza
911MusenaSiegers
912FreshHeart
Siegers/Orsetti
9131184 PYB
Siegers/Pybas
914RubiconSiegers/Paragon
900Pic 454WesternPacific
901GorillaWesternPacific
902King Henry
WesternPacific
903CeasarWesternPacific
90441-40RZ
Rijk Zwaan
90541-64RZ
Rijk Zwaan
906Big Green
CosSiegers
R-1 R-2 R-3 R-4 R-5 R-6 R-7
------------- DRIP- LINE----------------------------------DRIP-LINE ---------------------------
Table 1. Head weight and yield of several Romaine and leafy lettuce varieties grown at the UHPoamoho Station, Winter 2008.
Cultivar Head Weight Length Head Stand Yield actual Yield potential Yield actual(lbs) (inches) (%) (lbs/100 ft row) (lbs/Acre) (lbs/Acre)
Fresh heart 2.58 19.29 100.00 77.5 28023.4 28,023.4Nun6044 2.23 15.59 90.00 60.2 24204.2 21,783.81184PYB 2.16 14.33 100.00 64.9 23488.1 23,488.1Tall Guzmaine 2.09 14.41 80.00 50.2 22676.5 18,141.2Lital 2.06 13.54 100.00 61.8 22342.3 22,342.3Brave Heart 1.98 15.75 60.00 35.6 21483.0 12,889.8Nun6047 1.94 13.07 100.00 58.2 21053.3 21,053.3Big Green 1.93 14.41 100.00 57.9 20957.9 20,957.9Valley Fresh 1.92 15.67 80.00 46.1 20862.4 16,689.94164RZ 1.90 13.39 90.00 51.2 20575.9 18,518.3Musena 1.90 14.17 60.00 34.2 20623.7 12,374.2Barracuda 1.89 14.96 100.00 56.6 20480.5 20,480.5Tanir 1.83 15.35 80.00 43.9 19851.9 15,881.5Concept 1.81 16.69 100.00 54.4 19668.9 19,668.9HeavyHeart 1.62 16.38 100.00 48.7 17616.1 17,616.1King Henry 1.57 14.17 100.00 47.1 17043.2 17,043.21594PYB 1.56 14.72 90.00 42.2 16947.7 15,252.9Gorilla 1.48 15.04 100.00 44.5 16088.4 16,088.4Paramount 1.47 14.88 100.00 44.2 15992.9 15,992.9Rubicon 1.42 14.09 80.00 34.1 15420.0 12,336.0Claremont 1.39 10.79 70.00 29.1 15038.1 10,526.7Winter Density 1.15 11.89 100.00 34.5 12460.1 12,460.1Bambi 0.64 7.32 40.00 7.7 6970.0 2,788.0
Note: This first harvest was conducted on March 2, 2009, 70 days after direct-seeding.Note: Yield assessment based on the average weight of 5 heads per plot. Plant spacing was 2 ft betweenplants within rows, and two rows per bed, spaced 1 feet between rows, and planted in a staggeredarrangement.Note: Per acre yields were calculated based on an estimated 10,850 plants per acre, based on double rowbeds, and 4 ft between beds.Note: “Acutal yields” take into consideration the percent plant stands. For instance if, based on headweight, and total potential no. of plants per acre, if the potential yield was 10,000 lbs, but only 70%plant stand, Actual Yields are listed as 7,000 lbs/Acre (showing that 30% of the plants failed toproduce).
Table 2. Field growth index observations of several Romaine lettuce varieties grown at the UHPoamoho Station on Winter 2008, taken 23 days after direct seeding Jan. 14, 2009.
Cultivar Plant Stand Vigor Size(%) (1-10) (1-10)
(10 is best) (10 is tallest)Pic-454 30 2 3Gorilla 90 6 4King Henry 100 8 6Ceasar 95 4 441-40RZ 95 7 741-64RZ 100 6 6Big Green Cos 100 5 41594 PYB 95 5 4Coastal Star 10 2 2Hearts Delight 5 2 2Musena 100 4 3Fresh Heart 100 5 5*1184 PYB 100 5 5Rubicon 90 3 2Paramount 95 5 4Valley Fresh 70 4 3Tall Guzmaine 40 2 2Barracuda 95 3 3Nun-6044 80 3 3Nun-6047 94 4 5Lital 95 3 2Noga 90 3 2Linoy 70 2 2Tanir 80 5 4Brave Heart 65 2 2*Heavy Heart 95 4 3Valley Heart 10 2 1Bambi 10 2 1Jericho 95 3 3Eruption 5 2 1Claremont 95 3 3Concept 95 4 3Magenta 30 2 1Galactic 10 1 1*Winter Density 95 3 3
Note: Varieties in bold were rated best, based on visual observations, those in bold with anasterix (*) were the top rated, this early in the growth cycle.Note: Plant stand is the percent number of plants that survived after direct seeding.
Tabl
e 3.
Fie
ld O
bser
vatio
ns, a
nd g
row
th in
dex,
on
cano
py a
nd le
af c
hara
cter
istic
s, ta
ken
56 d
ays a
fter s
eedi
ng o
n Fe
b. 1
7, 2
009.
Cul
tivar
heig
htst
and
vigo
rU
nifo
rmity
App
eara
nce
Ove
rall
com
men
tsvi
sual
(inch
es)
(10=
best
)(1
0=be
st)
(10=
best
)(1
0=be
st)
(10=
best
)
Gor
illa
1410
86
87
savo
yK
ing
Hen
ry13
.510
98
99
savo
yC
easa
r11
.510
87
88
savo
y41
-40R
Z15
.510
89
89
head
ing
41-6
4RZ
149
89
89
nice
slen
der h
ead
and
leav
esB
ig G
reen
Cos
1310
79
88
savo
y, n
ice
head
1594
PY
B12
97
68
7sa
voy,
smal
lC
oast
al S
tar
64
56
66
trans
plan
ted
late
, stil
l sm
all
Mus
ena
126
66
76
savo
y, n
ice
head
Fres
h H
eart
18.5
109
69
9sa
voy,
nice
hea
d*1
184
PYB
1310
88
1010
best
ratin
g, n
ice
smal
l hea
dsR
ubic
on11
87
68
8x-
savo
y, sm
all h
eads
Para
mou
nt16
.510
86
98
nice
hea
ds, s
emi-s
avoy
Val
ley
Fres
h14
87
68
7ni
ce h
eads
Tall
Guz
mai
ne14
.58
76
77
sem
i-sav
oy, h
eadi
ng a
lread
yB
arra
cuda
12.5
108
89
8ni
ce h
eads
Nun
-604
415
.59
78
87
som
e tra
nspl
ante
d, n
ice
head
s, la
rge
Nun
-604
712
107
79
8ea
rly, n
ice
smal
l hea
dsLi
tal
13.5
107
78
8lig
ht g
reen
, ope
n he
ad, l
eafy
Nog
a13
97
79
8ni
ce sm
all s
avoy
, ope
n he
ad, n
ice
leav
esLi
noy
177
76
87
nice
tall
head
s, up
right
, lar
ge sm
ooth
leav
esTa
nir
15.5
87
88
8ta
ll he
ads,
uprig
ht, l
arge
savo
y le
aves
Bra
ve H
eart
15.5
67
69
8ni
ce u
prig
ht ta
ll he
ads,
sem
i-sav
oy/s
moo
th lv
s*H
eavy
Hea
rt15
108
810
10be
st ra
ting,
nic
e sm
all h
eads
, sem
i sav
oy/s
moo
th lv
sV
alle
y H
eart
112
43
44
blan
k pl
otB
ambi
74
45
77
wea
k, p
oor g
erm
inat
ion,
nic
e sm
all l
vs, d
ark
gree
nJe
richo
1310
89
109
nice
ligh
t gre
en le
aves
, ope
n he
adC
lare
mon
t10
77
88
9ni
ce b
aby
head
, nic
e up
right
Con
cept
910
99
1010
nice
ope
n, le
afy,
larg
e sa
voy
leav
esM
agen
ta8.
56
66
107
v ni
ce re
d/gr
een,
leaf
y, p
oor s
tand
Gal
actic
7.5
86
710
10v
nice
dar
k re
d, le
afy,
wea
k pl
ants
*Win
ter
Den
sity
1210
89
1010
best
ratin
g, v
nic
e sm
all h
eads
, sm
all u
prig
ht
Not
e: V
arie
ties i
n bo
ld w
ere
rate
d be
st, b
ased
on
visu
al o
bser
vatio
ns, t
hose
in b
old
with
an
aste
rix (*
) wer
e th
e to
p ra
ted,
this
ear
ly in
the
grow
thcy
cle.
Tabl
e 4.
Fie
ld O
bser
vatio
ns, i
ndex
val
ues (
1-10
), on
can
opy
and
leaf
cha
ract
eris
tics,
63 d
ays a
fter s
eedi
ng, t
aken
Feb
. 24,
200
9.
Cul
tivar
Col
or le
afA
ppea
ranc
e le
afTe
xtur
e le
afC
anop
yH
eigh
tA
ppea
ranc
eC
omm
ents
Ove
rall
(10=
dark
,(1
0=sa
voy
(10=
smoo
th(U
=upr
ight
(inch
es)
(10=
bes
t)1=
ligh
t gre
en)
1= sm
ooth
)1=
roug
h)o=
open
)
Gor
illa
67
8U
t17
7K
ing
Hen
ry7
88
Ut
177
Cea
sar
67
6U
147
mor
e op
en c
anop
y41
-40R
Z6
77
Ut
17.5
9ea
rly, l
ooks
goo
d, n
ice
41-6
4RZ
56
7U
s15
8ea
rly, s
mal
l hea
d, n
ice
Big
Gre
en C
os6
76
U14
.59
early
, sm
all,
nice
1594
PY
B5
67w
Uo
167
wax
y le
af, o
pen
cano
pyC
oast
al S
tar
46
6o
96
early
, lat
e pl
antin
gM
usen
a6
86w
U13
.57
early
, wax
y le
afFr
esh
Hea
rt6
78w
Ut
209
look
s goo
d, e
arly
, wax
y, p
roce
ssin
g (f
resh
cut
)11
84 P
YB
56
7wU
129
early
, nic
e, sm
alle
r hea
d, w
axy
leaf
Rub
icon
69
6U
o15
.58
mor
e op
en c
anop
y, O
KPa
ram
ount
66
8U
16.5
8ea
rly, f
resh
mkt
, sm
alle
r hea
d, n
ice
Val
ley
Fres
h5
68w
U15
.58
wax
y, u
prig
ht sl
ende
r, ni
ceTa
ll G
uzm
aine
67
7wU
t16
7w
axy,
still
hea
ding
Bar
racu
da6
68w
U15
.56
wax
y, m
id-e
arly
, alre
ady
head
ing
Nun
-604
46
49w
U16
8w
axy,
soft
text
ure,
pro
cess
ing
Nun
-604
77
67w
Us
159
wax
y, n
ice
smal
ler h
eads
, fre
sh m
ktL
ital
37
6wO
14.5
9w
axy,
nic
e op
en h
ead,
ligh
t gre
en, f
resh
mkt
Nog
a4
108w
O17
.58
wax
y, n
ice
open
hea
d, sa
lad
mix
, fre
sh m
ktLi
noy
65
6U
t16
.58
early
, som
e pl
ante
d la
teTa
nir
67
7U
167
early
, nic
e m
ediu
m-s
ized
hea
dsB
rave
Hea
rt7
46
U13
.58
early
, nic
e he
ads
Hea
vy H
eart
66
7U
t16
8m
id-e
arly
, pro
cess
ing,
nic
e ta
ll he
ads
Val
ley
Hea
rt6
65
O11
.54
roug
h le
af, m
ost p
lant
s mis
sing
, poo
rB
ambi
88
5O
86
leaf
y, ro
ugh
leaf
, Fre
sh m
kt, O
KJe
richo
37
8O
168
fres
h m
kt, l
ight
gre
en, l
eafy
sala
d m
ix m
ktC
lare
mon
t6
45
Us
11.5
8ni
ce sh
ort h
eads
, fre
sh m
kt, s
till h
eadi
ngC
once
pt6
87
O15
.510
leaf
y, fr
esh
mkt
, nic
e le
afy
head
Mag
enta
45
6O
10.5
10le
afy,
ver
y so
ft le
af, s
alad
mix
, red
/gre
enG
alac
ticre
d8
9O
910
leaf
y, so
ft le
af, l
eafy
sala
d m
ixW
inte
r Den
sity
88
7U
12.5
9ea
rly, n
ice
smal
l hea
ds, f
resh
mkt
Not
e: V
arie
ties i
n bo
ld w
ere
rate
d be
st, b
ased
on
visu
al o
bser
vatio
ns.
Yie
lds o
f sev
eral
lettu
ce v
arie
ties g
row
n at
the
UH
Poa
moh
o Ex
perim
ent S
tatio
n, Ja
n-M
arch
199
9
Cul
tivar
Typ
eA
vera
ge w
t.A
vera
ge w
eigh
tY
ield
Yiel
d(lb
/pla
nt)
(oz/
plan
t)(lb
/100
ft)
(lb/A
cre)
Paris
Isla
nd*
Rom
aine
1.77
28.3
176.
619
,160
Shor
t Guz
mai
ne*
Rom
aine
1.75
28.1
175.
519
,040
Flor
icos
* Ro
mai
ne1.
6125
.816
0.9
17,4
61Fl
orid
ade
Rom
aine
1.55
24.8
154.
916
,815
Val
mai
ne*
Rom
aine
1.36
21.7
135.
614
,710
7009
6Ro
mai
ne1.
2419
.812
3.7
13,4
1870
180
Rom
aine
1.18
19.0
118.
412
,845
Ever
glad
esB
utte
rhea
d0.
7912
.678
.98,
563
B-1
239-
3B
utte
rhea
d0.
507.
949
.65,
382
Dar
k G
reen
Btn
*B
osto
n0.
9314
.993
.210
,118
B11
92B
osto
n0.
7311
.772
.77,
893
Flor
ibib
Bos
ton
0.60
9.6
60.2
6,53
0M
anoa
*se
mi-h
ead
0.52
8.2
51.6
5,59
7
* St
anda
rd v
arie
ties (
old
or n
ew).
Paris
Isla
nd (C
alifo
rnia
, Haw
aii,
othe
r pla
ces)
; Dar
k G
reen
Bos
ton
(Cal
iforn
ia, N
Y, o
ther
pla
ces)
;Sh
ort G
uzm
aine
(hyd
ropo
nics
, Big
Isla
nd):
Man
oa (H
awai
i); F
loric
os (F
lorid
a); V
alm
aine
(old
std.
, Haw
aii,
Flor
ida,
Cal
iforn
ia,
NY
, etc
.)N
ote:
Let
tuce
was
sow
n on
Janu
ary
13, 1
999
on 5
0 ft
plot
s. Pl
ants
wer
e th
inne
d ab
out 2
wee
ks a
fter p
lant
ing
to o
btai
n a
dist
ance
of 1
ft be
twee
n pl
ants
. The
fiel
d w
as sp
rinkl
er ir
rigat
ed a
s nee
ded,
nor
mal
ly 2
x pe
r wee
k. O
n M
arch
10,
a fi
ve fo
ot se
ctio
n w
asha
rves
ted
from
eac
h pl
ot a
nd th
e w
eigh
t of 5
pla
nts w
as re
cord
ed in
divi
dual
ly.
Yie
ld d
ata:
Ove
rall
all v
arie
ties s
how
ed a
uni
form
gro
wth
and
mar
keta
bilit
y of
har
vest
ed p
lots
was
nea
rly 1
00%
. Yie
lds p
er a
cre
wer
eca
lcul
ated
bas
ed o
n a
cons
erva
tive
estim
ated
pop
ulat
ion
of 1
0,85
0 pl
ants
per
acr
e (a
ssum
ing
a sp
acin
g of
4 ft
bet
wee
n ro
ws a
nd1
ft be
twee
n pl
ants
in th
e ro
w).
Variety Description Romaine Lettuce Trials 20091184 PYB (Siegers/Pybas)- head green;
1594 PYB (Siegers)- green romaine
41-40RZ (Rijk Zwaan)- a medium green color with an open habit that is more resistant to internal burnthan nirvanus rz
41-64RZ (Rijk Zwaan)- has proven excellent for an emphasis on hearts. medium green color, very erectwith a strong resistance to internal burn
Bambi (Johnny’s), baby green romaine
Barracuda (Siegers/Syngenta), green.
Big Green Cos (Siegers)
Brave Heart (Seminis) Brave Heart is a tall, sure-heading romaine with medium green, smooth leaves. It isresistant to corky root rot and has intermediate resistance to downey mildew (CA V) and is well-suited forhearts, fresh market and processor use. CRR, DM [I, IIA, IIB, III, IV, VI] (R); DM [V] (IR)
Ceasar (Western Pacific Seed)- corky root resistant, large frame variety, dense heart produces excellentheight and weight
Claremont (Johnny’s) Elegant mini romaine. The upright heads of this specialty lettuce average 9" tall.Deep green leaves with delicious, crispy ribs are open at the top, tapering elegantly to form a dense heart.Its size, habit, and color are ideal for specialty markets as a stand-alone or an attractive twin-pack lettuce.Also nice in boxes of mixed types and colors. Can be spaced 6" apart. Resistant to DM races 1-5, 7, 10, 11,and 17. Mini: 400 seeds. Packet: 800 seeds. Days to Maturity or Bloom: 46
Coastal Star (Siegers) 65 D, leaf: Dark Green, Smooth; Taller plants with the ideal dark green color tomeet current market demands. Suitable for "Hearts" or 24-count box pack
Concept (Johnny’s) New last year! Conventional seed with organically-approved pelleting. Romaine-like,greenleaf/summer crisp. The leaves have characteristics of both a romaine and a greenleaf, and are arrangedin a whorl, giving the plant a unique vase-like shape. Leaves are thick, juicy, and flavorful. Avg. 15,000seeds/lb. Packet: 250 seeds. Days to Maturity or Bloom: 51
Eruption (Johnny’s) Dark red, bibb-romaine cross. Eruption forms unique, 8" tall heads with dark red,glossy leaves and a bright green, blanched interior. The habit is similar to Winter Density, and the twovarieties make a great red and green pair for marketing together. Also good for salad mix, the young leavesare deep red and slightly ruffled. Resistant to DM races 1-16, 19, and 21, as well as LMV. Days to Maturityor Bloom: 28 days baby, 50 days full size.
Fresh Heart (Siegers/Orsetti) head, green
Galactic (Johnny’s) Darkest red for salad mix. Intense red, even under low-light conditions. Resistant toDM races 1-16. NOTE: Full-sized heads are relatively small and lightweight. Packet: 250 seeds. Days toMaturity or Bloom: 30 days baby, 58 days full size.
Gorilla- (Western Pacific Seed)- a large romaine with good bolt tolerance. upright with savoyedappearance and a dense head
Hearts Delight (Siegers) 56-57 D; leaf: Dark, Grey-Green, Slightly Savoyed; Tall, erect romaine suitablefor hearts, processing or standard 24 pack
Heavy Heart (Seminis) summer romaine is tall yet compact in diameter; slightly dark green in color;
slightly closed (producing a heart); has a slightly blistered and large leaf, very little tip burn and boltingtolerant; can be used by processor, fresh market and hearts segments; targeted for the south county inSalinas area; sow dates in Salinas and Santa Maria, California are March 1 to September 1. Similar: HeartsDelight, Bullet.
Jericho (Johnny’s). 28 days baby, 57 days full size; excellent taste, Tall, heavy heads are bright light greenwith excellent eating quality. Our best-tasting romaine. Heads somewhat more closed than Kalura, which itreplaced. Organically grown. Heat and tipburn tolerance
King Henry (Western Pacific Seed)- corky root resistant with good bolt tolerance and excellent toleranceto tip burn. a medium sized dark romaine.
Linoy (Hazera) Dark Romaine lettuce suitable for hot climates but grown well also during winter; headupright, firm, dense; rib, smooth; dark green; planting season, summer; 60-75 d; tip burn tolerance,moderate; bolting slow;
Lital (Hazera) head upright, firm,dense; rib, fair; green, 90-110 d; minor blisters;
Magenta (Johnny’s) Improved Sierra. Shiny, slightly puckered, red-tinged leaves form a whorled, conicalhead with a crispy, green heart. Ideal for spring and summer plantings with good taste and tolerance tobolting, tipburn, and bottom rot. Resistant to DM races 1-16, 19, and 21 as well as LMV. Packet: 250seeds.
Musena (Siegers) green
Noga (Hazera) A leading romaine variety for hot climates. Moderate blisters; head, open upright; rib, fair;color glossy green; planting season summer; 60-75 d; tip burn tolerance, moderate; bolting, slow;
Nun-6044 (Nunhems)
Nun-6047 (Nunhems)
Paramount (Siegers/Enza)- 60 d; leaf: Medium Green; Corky Root resistant romaine that is taller andheavier than Darkland Cos. Suitable for fresh pack or processing. MTO
Pic-454 (Western Pacific Seed)- a large parris island with excellent uniformity.
Rubicon (Siegers/Paragon)- 67 d; leaf: Dark Green, Thick, Heavily Savoyed; Large framed. Excellentinterior fill. Heavy weight. CAUTION: Not for high-heat harvest periods.
Tall Guzmaine Elite (Siegers/Pybas) 65 d; leaf: Deep, Dark Green, Blistered, Open; Medium Tall;Blistered leaf. Widely adapted. Best for summer harvest. Heat(T), LMV(IR), Ss(IR)
Tanir (Hazera)
Valley Fresh (Siegers/Syngene)
Valley Heart (Seminis) Romaine type; medium green color, slightly blistered and large leaf, semi closed,narrow bottom, tall growth habit; non-glossy leaves, smooth leaf margin; very good cold tolerancecombined with good bolting and tip burn tolerance; can be used by processor for fresh and hearts segments.Similar: King Henry, Green
Winter Density (Johnny’s). Unique, specialty bibb-romaine type.Compact, extra-dark green heads, about 8" tall. Very tightly folded. Even the outer leaves take part in thehead formation. Can be best described as a tall Buttercrunch. Good salad quality. Can be grown spring,summer, or fall, and is tolerant of frost. A unique, long-popular English lettuce, known in France as"Craquerelle du Midi" or "Craquante D'Avignon." Mini: 400 seeds. Packet: 800 seeds.Days to Maturity or Bloom: 28 days baby, 54 days full size.
Seed SourcesHazera (Israel),tel. 954 429 9445www.hazerainc.com
Johnny’s Seed.t. 1-877-564-6697;www.johnnyseeds.com
Nunhems (Netherlands)t. 208-674-4100, [email protected]
Rijk Zwaan (Netherlands)Salinas, California. RE: Chris Miller. Tel. 831 455 3000www.rijkzwaanusa.com
Seminis,RE: Jeff Sais tel. 805-934-8436.email: [email protected]://www.seminis.com
Siegers Seed Co., tel. 800-962-4999www.siegers.com
Western Pacific Seed.RE: Jason Cooksey. Tel. 951-735-7289email: [email protected]://www.westernpacificseed.com/
AcknowledgementsThank-you to the seed companies for supplying seed samples. Thank-you to the staff ofthe Poamoho Experiment Station for excellent field maintenance. Thank-you to Dr.Wayne Nishijima, CTAHR Extension Director for assistance with funding for thepublication of the field day handouts.