Roll No.9 Anuj Kumar Srivastava

8/7/2019 Roll No.9 Anuj Kumar Srivastava

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Earth Summit -1992


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In troductio nConference United Nations Conference on Environment and

Development (UNCED), Rio de Janeiro, 3-14 June1992

I nformal name The Earth Summit

Host Government Brazil

Number of Governments participating 172, 108 at level of heads of State or Government

Conference Secretary-General Maurice F. Strong, Canada

Organizers UNCED secretariat

Principal themes Environment and sustainable development

NGO presence 2,400 representatives of non-governmentalorganizations (NGOs); 17,000 people attended the

parallel NGO Forum

Resulting document Agenda 21, the Rio Declaration on Environment andDevelopment, the Statement of Forest Principles,UNFCC,United Nations Convention on Biological

Diversity

Previous conference UN Conference on the Human Environment,Stockholm (1972)


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The Summits messageNothing less than a transformation of our attitudes and behaviour would bring about the necessary changes

The message reflected the complexity of the problems facing us: that poverty aswell as excessive consumption by affluent

populations place damaging stress on theenvironment.


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M ajor Challe ng es at the EarthSummit


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B ack g rou n d for the EarthSummit

at the UN Conference on the Human Environment, held in Stockholm, the Conference,Governments set up the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), which todaycontinues to act as a global catalyst for action to protect the environment.

By 1983, the UN set up the World Commission on Environment and Development.which had been seen as a side effect of industrial wealth with only a limited impact, was

understood to be a matter of survival for developing nations.

After considering the 1987 Brundtland report, the UN General Assembly called for the UNConference on Environment and Development (UNCED)


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T he Earth Summit A g reeme n ts

(1) A g e n da 21

(2) T he Rio Declaratio n o n Env iro n me n t a n d De velopme n t

(3) T he Stateme n t of Forest Pri n ciples

(4) T he U n ited Natio n s Framework Co nv e n tio n o n ClimateCha ng e

(5) T he Co nv e n tio n o n B iolo g ical Di versity


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Ag e n da21

It addresses todays pressi ng problems a n d aims to prepare theworld for the challe ng es of the n ext ce n tury.

. It co n tai n s detailed proposals for actio n in social a n d eco n omicareas a n d for co n ser ving a n d ma n a g ing the n atural resources thatare the basis for life.

T he pro g ramme of actio n also recomme n ds ways to stre ng the n thepart played by major g roups wome n, trade u n io n s , farmers , childre n a n d you ng people ,


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T he Rio Declaratio n o n Env iro n me n t a n d De velopme n t

T hat human beings are at the centre of concerns for sustainable development.T hey are entitled to a healthy and productive life in harmony with nature.

T hat scientific uncertainty should not delay measures to prevent environmentaldegradation where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage.

T hat States have a sovereign right to exploit their own resources but not tocause damage to the environment of other States.

T hat eradicating poverty and reducing disparities in worldwide standards of living are indispensable for sustainable development.

T hat the full participation of women is essential for achieving sustainable

development.

T hat the developed countries acknowledge the responsibility that they bear inthe international pursuit of sustainable development in view of the pressurestheir societies place on the global environment and of the technologies andfinancial resources they command.


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The Stateme n t of Forest Pri n ciples.

A ll countries, notably developed countries, should make an effort togreen the world through reforestation and forest conservation.

The States have a right to develop forests according to their socio-economic needs, in keeping with national sustainable development

policies.

T hat specific financial resources should be provided to developprogrammes that encourage economic and social substitution policies


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T he U n ited Natio n s FrameworkCo nv e n tio n o n Climate Cha ng e

T he ultimate objective of the Convention is to stabilisegreenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that willprevent dangerous human interference with the climate system.

An important achievement was an agreement on the ClimateChange Convention which in turn led to the Kyoto Protocol .


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T he Co nv e n tio n o n B iolo g ical Di versity

T he treaty defines biodiversity as "the variability among livingorganisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marineand other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, betweenspecies and of ecosystems.

It made a start towards redefinition of money supply measuresthat did not inherently encourage destruction of

natural ecoregions and so-called uneconomic growth .


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Thank You

Anuj K SrivastavaMBA(E-Business)(1 st semester)

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Roll No.9 Anuj Kumar Srivastava