Rocks

What is a rock’s favorite cereal?

Coco pebbles!

What’s a rock’s favorite golf course?

Pebble Beach!

Types of Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphic RocksIgneous Rocks

Melted & cooled

together

Squeezed &

heated together

Cemented together

Sedimentary RocksHow are they made?

Wind and water break down the earth Bits of earth settle in lakes and rivers Layers are formed and build up Pressure and time turn the layers to rock

Sedimentary Rock

clastic

broken pieces of rock

non-clastic

organic(created from

remains of plants & animals)

chemical(created when

water evaporates)

eg. limestone

Classification of Sedimentary Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

Where do you think sedimentary rocks would be formed/found near?

streams beachesrivers desertsoceans glaciers

coral reefs

Types of Sedimentary RocksSandstone

Shale

Limestone

Conglomerate

Metamorphic RocksHow are they made?

morphic means “change” so these are rocks that have changed.

They were once igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks.

Pressure and heat cause the change.

Metamorphic Rock

foliated nonfoliated“leafy”

flattened & layered minerals

no banding

These rocks are physically deformed and chemically changed due to temperature and pressure changes but the rock does not melt!

Classification

slate quartzite

Where are metamorphic rocks likely formed/found near? In fault zones Mountain belts Mid-ocean ridges

Types of Metamorphic Rocks

Schist Gneiss

Igneous RocksWhat are They?

Ignis is Latin for “fire”-igneous rocks are fire rocksIgnis is Latin for “fire”-igneous rocks are fire rocks Formed underground by trapped, cooled magmaFormed underground by trapped, cooled magma Formed above ground when volcanoes erupt and Formed above ground when volcanoes erupt and

magma coolsmagma cools

Igneous Rock

intrusive(plutonic)

extrusive(volcanic)

large crystals & coarse texture

Glassy/smooth & small crystals usually not even

visible

felsic mafic

light colored eg. quartz

dark coloredeg. Iron & magnesium containing

Where are igneous rocks likely formed/found near? Mid-ocean ridges Subduction zones volcanoes

Types of Igneous RocksGranite Scoria

Pumice Obsidian

Idioms and Expressions to Ponder

Heart of stone

Head full of rocks

Stuck between a rock and a hard placein a situation where you have to make a decision that has no good options or solution

unaffectionate, unforgiving, cold

acted without thinking intelligently

Every rock tells a story about: •how it formed•the environment where it has been•what it has experienced

Each of these stories is an adventure. We need to learn how to read a rock like we read a book.

Roundness and Sorting

Roundness – presence or absence of corners and sharp edges

Particles get rounder as they are transported.

Sorting - is a texture that indicates how long the sediments have been in the water system.

Poorly sorted sediments show a wide range ofgrain sizes; well-sorted ones have similar sized grains. Sorting increases with transportation.

HighEnergy

lowenergy