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Propagation calibration, clutter calibration,
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Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page1 ACS/OD
Field MeasurementCalibration
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page2 ACS/OD
Calibration Measurement
Why Calibration of propagation model Replacement of default values Comparison morpho structure DB with reality
Where Characteristical propagation environment
What Field strength level => propagation loss SC Rxlev at BCCH frequency NC Rxlev
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page3 ACS/OD
Calibration Process
Planning of calibration measurement
Calibration measurement
Preparation of mesurement results for calibration
Propagation model calibration Comparison between measured and predicted median
field strength
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page4 ACS/OD
Planning of Calibration Measurements
Area selection Select areas with representative morpho classes Define country specific morpho classe adaptions Select measurement sites with different antenna heights Select suitable measurement routes In regions with seasonal shedding of leaves, only take
measurements if vegetation is in leaf (worst case)
Data Base Check Quality check of used maps for DB creation Check orientation of DB Check, if the selected morpho class area represented in the
DB
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page5 ACS/OD
Calibration Measurement Equipment
Transmitter Receiver GPS
Neccessary Data Transmitter site data HW data
EIRP, Antennas, Cable losses, Main beam
Continuesly required data Position Received field strenght Markers set by the user
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page6 ACS/OD
Transmitter Installation
Analogue test Transmitter Plane area on top for mast setup Avoid any obstacles near to the antenna Install antenna in right direction with correct tilt
(vertical position , fixed by ropes) Wether proof location for the transmitter Warm up time for the test transmitter Output power adjustment by using power meter Power check after measurement again
BTS Single cell measurement Dedicated / Idle mode Disable power control and HO to other sites
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page7 ACS/OD
Receiver Installation
Antenna on top of the CarDynamic range receiver Filter bandwithPower supply incarCable lossesWell calibrated A/D interface in case of receiver with
analogue output
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page8 ACS/OD
Practical Rules
Avoid incorrect header dataYour transmitter is the only one on airDon't saturate the receiver If you use sector antennas, perform measurement in
area covered by half power beam widthWatch the morpho class during drivingUse marker to select section that shall be discardedStable and accurate positioning systemUse of different sites with differant antenna heights
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page9 ACS/OD
Measurement selection
Check position of transmitter and measurement routeDiscard all points where the measurement stuff has
reported special situations such as bridges, tunnels ...Discard all points close to the site (<200m)Discard all points measured on TCH if PC was enabledDiscard all points where the route was outside of the
morpho classApply a suitable averaging window Combine different routes with different sites in a
measurement splice
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page10 ACS/OD
Prediction model calibration process 1. Selection of intervals of measurement 2. Measurement of field strength F(x) 3. Averaging over 40 wave length F'(x)
smooth out Rayleigh fading 4. Averaging over sliding window F"(x)
smooth out non predictable lognormal fading
5. Prediction of field strength Fpred(x) 6. Calculation of standard deviation between F" and Fpred
7. Modify model parameter by increment in a certain range
8. If not in range goto step 5
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page11 ACS/OD
MorphoclassesCode Morpho-
structureDescription
0 not classified e.g. edge of a database
1 skyscrapers very high buildings ( >40m), very high density of buildings,no vegetation on ground levele.g. cities like NewYork, Tokio etc.
2 dense urban 4 or more storeys, areas within urban perimeters, inner city, verylittle vegetation, high density of buildings, most buildings arestanding close together, small pedestrian zones and streets incl.
3 medium urban 3 or 4 storeys, areas within urban perimeters, most buildingsare standing close together, less vegetation, middle density ofbuildings, small pedestrian zones and streets included
4 lower urban 2 or 3 storeys, middle density of buildings,some vegetation, terraced houses with gardens
5 residential 1-2 storeys, low density of buildings with gardense.g. farmhouses, detached houses
6 industrial zone factory, warehouse, garage, shipyards
Code Morpho-structure
Description
7 forest all kinds of forest, parks, with high tree density
8 agriculture high vegetation, plants: 1... 3 m,high density of plants, e.g. crop fields, fruit plantation
9 low tree density low vegetation, low height of plants,low density of plants, some kinds of parks, botanical garden
10 water sea, rivers, all kind of fresh- and saltwater
11 open area no buildings, no vegetatione.g. desert, beach, part of an airport, big streets etc.huge parking areas, large
12 (optional) defined by networkplanner if necessary
13 (optional) defined by networkplanner if necessary
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page12 ACS/OD
Measurement Selection
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page13 ACS/OD
Field Strength vs driven Distance
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page14 ACS/OD
Signal Variation
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page15 ACS/OD
Path loss vs. driven distance
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page16 ACS/OD
Linear fit of path loss
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page17 ACS/OD
Stand.dev. vs. Medium City
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page18 ACS/OD
Measured Path Loss Asuncion
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page19 ACS/OD
Path loss fit
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page20 ACS/OD
Measurement protocol
Field Measurement
Mobile Communication Division RNP Advanced 09a_06E01.ppt/Edition01/Page21 ACS/OD
Calibration protocol