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RNA. Transcription, Translation and Protein Synthesis. Phosphate Group. O O=P-O O. Nitrogenous base (A, U , G, C ). 5. CH2. O. N. Sugar (ribose). C 1. C 4. C 3. C 2. RNA. RNA. Function: obtain information from DNA & synthesizes proteins. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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RNA
Transcription, Translation and Protein Synthesis
RNA
OO=P-O O
Phosphate Group
N
Nitrogenous base (A, U , G, C )CH2
O
C1C4
C3 C2
5
Sugar (ribose)
RNA
• Function: obtain information from DNA & synthesizes proteins
3 differences from DNA
1. Single strand instead of double strand
2. Ribose instead of deoxyribose
3. Uracil instead of thymine
3 types of RNA
1. Messenger RNA (mRNA)- copies information from DNA for protein synthesis
Codon- 3 base pairs thatcode for a single aminoacid.
codon
3 types of RNA
2. Transfer RNA (tRNA)- collects amino acids for protein synthesis
Anticodon-a sequence of 3 bases that are complementary base pairs to a codon in the mRNA
3 types of RNA
3. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)- combines with proteins to form ribosomes
Amino Acids
• Amino acids- the building blocks of protein
• At least one kind of tRNA is present for each of the 20 amino acids used in protein synthesis.
Transcription - mRNA is made from DNA & goes to the ribosomeTranslation - Proteins are made from the message on the mRNA
Transcription
• In order for cells to make proteins, the DNA code must be transcribed (copied) to mRNA.
• The mRNA carries the code from the nucleus to the ribosomes.
Translation
• At the ribosome, amino acids (AA) are linked together to form specific proteins.
• The amino acid sequence is directed by the mRNA molecule.
ribosome
Amino acids
Make A Protein
• DNA sequenceATG AAA AAC AAG GTA TAG
• mRNA sequence
UAC UUU UUG UUC CAU AUC
Make mRNA
• mRNA sequenceUAC UUU UUG UUC CAU AUC
• tRNA sequenceAUG AAA AAC AAG GUA UAG
Make mRNA
• tRNA sequenceAUG AAA AAC AAG GUA UAG
• Amino Acid sequence
met lys asn lys val stop