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RNA polymerase
σ
α2ββ’ Core enzyme
σ promoter
DNA
α2ββ’ α2ββ’
σ factor : rpoD
rpoH
rpoN…等
Regulation
What do we mean by the 5´ end of a gene?
• Since DNA has two antiparallel strands it has no actual polarity.
• mRNA does have polarity since it is single stranded. The 5´ end refers to the mRNA molecule and since it is copied from the DNA by standard base pairing the 5´ end of a gene is the 3´ end of the template strand.