RIVERSIDE SOUTH FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT CEQR No. as-253M Executive Summary Through Section 11.1 CEQR CONTACTS Mr. Joseph W. Ketas Assistant Commissioner Office of Environmental Assessment Department of EnvironmentalProtection 59-17 JunctionBoulevard,11 th Floor Elmhurst,New York11373 (718) 595-4409. Ms. Annette M.Barbaccla Director Environmental Assessment andReview Division Department of City Planning 22 ReadeStreet,Room 4E New York,New York10007 (212) 720-3420 PREPARED BY Allee KingRosen "Fleming, Inc. Philip Habib" Associates, Slve,Paget" Rlesel- Counsel October 1992 IlIVERSIDESOUTH FINALENVIRONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT CEQRNo.85-253M Mr.JosephW.Ketas AssistantCommissioner October11.1992 CEQRCONTACTS OfficeofEnvironmentalAssessment DepartmentofEnvironmentalProtection 59-17JunctionBoulevard,11thFloor Elmhurst,NewYork11373 (718)595-4409 Ms.AnnetteM.Barbaccia Director EnvironmentalAssessmentand ReviewDivision DepartmentofCityPlanning 22ReadeStreet,Room4E NewYork,NewYork10007 (212)720-3420 Preparedfor:.PennYardsAssociates Preparedby:AlleeKingRosen& Fleming,Inc. PhilipHabib& Associates SPOBSOB. DVIB.OJ1llER'lALCOBSULTANTS TIlAn'ICCOBSULTANT DVIB.OBllER'lALCOUBSEL HAZARDOUSKATEBIATS COBSULTAlft SUPPI.EIIERTAIl.YAIll.QUALITY STUDIES SBAD01JDIAGKAJISANDVIEV' COBllIDORS I1D'RASTB.UCTORESTUDIES VERTIlA.TIOBSTUDIES PREPAREllS01'THElIS PENNYARDSASSOCIATES 725FIFTHAVENUE NEWYORK,NY10022 212-832-2000 ALLEEKINGROSEN& FLEMING,INC. 117EAST29thSTREET NEWYORK,NY10016 212-696-0670 PHILIPHABIB& ASSOCIATES 39WEST29thSTREET NEWYORK,NY10001 212-686-0091 SIVE,PAGET& RIESEL,P.C. 460PARKAVENUE NEWYORK,NY 212-421-2150 AKRF,INC. 117EAST29thSTREET NEWYORK,NY10016 212-696-0670 WALTERG.HOYDYSH ESSCO 45-4337thSTREET LONGISLANDCITY,NY11101 718-786-3948 ENVIRONMENTALSIMUIATIONCENTER GRADUATESCHOOLOFMANAGEMENTANDURBANPOLICY NEWSCHOOLFORSOCIALRESEARCH 65FIFTHAVENUE NEWYORK,NY10021 IAWLER,MATUSKY&SKELLY ONEBLUEHILLPIAZA PEARLRIVER,NY10965 914-735-8300 PARSONSBRINCKERHOFFQUADE& DQUGLAS,INC. ONEPENNPLAZA NEWYORK,NY10119 212-465-5251 CEQ"UVIBVAGERCIES DEPARTMENTOFCITYPLANNING ENVIRONMENTALASSESSMENTANDREVIEWDIVISION 22READESTREET NEWYORK,NY10007 ANNETTEM.BARBACCIA,DIRECTOR JEREMIAHH.CANDREVA,DEPUTYDIRECTOR DEPARTMENTOFENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION OFFICEOFENVIRONMENTALASSESSMENT 59-17JUNCTIONBOULEVARD ELMHURST,NY11373-5107 JOSEPHW.KETAS,ASSISTANTCOMMISSIONER ANGELALICATA,PROJECTMANAGER DEPARTMENTOFTRANSPORTATION OFFICEOFPROJECTANALYSIS 40WORTHSTREET NEWYORK,NY10013 HENRYCOLON,DIRECTOR MICHAELGRAHAM,PROJECTMANAGER VOLUMEI FOREWORD FIRAtENVIR.ONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT R.IVER.SIDESOUTH TABLEOFCONTENTS EXECUTIVESUMMARY CIIAPTEB.I.PB.O.JBCTDESClUPTIOll A.PROJECTOVERVIEW B.BACKGROUNDTOTHEPROPOSEDPROJECT C.DESCRIPTIONOFTHEPROPOSEDPROJECT D.RELOCATIONOFTHEMILLERHIGHWAY E.REQUIREDACTIONS CIIAP'.rEIl.II.UISTIlIG.AImJ'tJTORECONDITIONS.AImPBDBABLEDlPACTS OFTIlEPROPOSEDPROJECT A. B. C. INTRODUCTION LANDUSEANDZONING Introduction IssuesandApproach StudyAreaDefinition RecentDevelopmentHistory ProjectSite StudyArea LandUse ExistingConditions TheFutureWithouttheProject ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject Zoning ExistingConditions TheFutureWithouttheProject ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject DEMOGRAPHICSANDTHEPOTENTIALFOR SECONDARYRESIDENTIALDISPLACEMENT Introduction StudyAreaDefinition Methodology PageRumber F-l S-l I-I I-I 1-3 1-9 1-32 1-33 II.A-l II.A-l II.B-l II.B-l II.B-l II.B-l II.B-2 II.B-2 II.B-2 II.B-7 II .B-7 II.B-14 II.B-22 II.B-27 II .B-27 II.B-35 II. B-36 II .C-l II. C-l II.C-l II.C-2 D. E. I'IHALENVIRONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT RIVERSIDESOUTH TABLE01'CONTENTS(Continued) ExistingConditions PopulationandHousingCharacteristicsandTrends DataFromtheCensusof PopulationandHousing HousingMarketActivity CooperativeandCondominiumConversion OtherFactorsAffectingtheVulnerabilityofArea Residents Conclusions TheFutureWithouttheProject ResidentialMarketConditions ProtectionofResidents DemographicCharacteristicsoftheStudyArea PotentiallyVulnerablePopulation ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject Introduction TheProposedProject NeighborhoodContext ProjectImpacts COMMUNITYFACILITIESANDSERVICES Introduction ExistingConditions Police FireProtection Schools DayCareFacilities PublicLibraries HealthCareFacilities TheFutureWithouttheProject Police Fire PublicSchools DayCareFacilities Libraries HealthCareFacilities ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject ProjectCharacteristics Police Fire Schools PublicandPrivateDayCareFacilities PublicLibraries HealthCareFacilities URBANDESIGNANDVISUALCHARACTER Introduction ExistingConditions ProjectSite StudyArea Pa,eBomber II.C-3 II.C-3 II.C-3 II. C-24 II. C-24 II.C-30 II .C-58 II.C-60 II .C-60 II.C-62 II .C-63 II .C-63 ILC-64 ILC-64 II.C-65 II.C-66 II .C-67 II.D-l II.D-l II.D-I II.D-I II.D-2 II.D-2 II .D-6 II.D-8 II.D-9 II.D-9 II.D-ll II.D-l2 II .D-12 II.D-17 II.D-17 II.D-18 II .D-18 II.D-18 II.D-l9 II.D-20 II.D-20 II.D-25 II.D-26 II.D-26 II .E-I II.E-I II.E-l II .E-I ILE-3 F. G. H. FINALENVIRONMENTALIHPACTSTATEMENT RIVERSIDESOUTH TABLE01'CONTENTS(Continued) TheFutureWithouttheProject 1997 2002 ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject ProjectDesign UrbanDesignRelationshipoftheProposedProject totheSurroundingArea1997 UrbanDesignRelationshipoftheProposedProject totheSurroundingArea2002 WATERFRONTREVITALIZATIONPLAN Introduction SummaryofConsistencywiththeNewYorkState CoastalZoneManagementProgram Development PublicAccess RecreationResources ScenicQuality FloodingandErosion AirQuality Noise NewYorkCityWaterfrontRevitalizationProgramPolicies OPENSPACEANDRECREATION Introduction Methodology StudyAreaforResidentialAnalysis StudyAreaforCommercialAnalysis ExistingConditions InventorYofOpenSpaceandRecreationFacilities OpenSpaceUserPopulations AssessmentofAdequacyofExisting OpenSpaceResources TheFutureWithouttheProject ProposedDevelopmentintheStudyAreas InventoryofOpenSpaceandRecreationalFacilities OpenSpaceUserPopulations AssessmentofAdequacyofOpenSpaceResource ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject ProjectOpenSpacePlan Project-GeneratedDemand AssessmentofProjectImpacts ImpactsWithoutCorpsPermits HISTORICANDARCHAEOLOGICALRESOURCES BackgroundHistory HistoricPerioduptotheMid-19thCentury After1850 PageRmaber II.E-12 II.E-12 II.E-14 II. E-l4 II.E-l5 II.E-17 II. E-24 II.F-l II.F-l II.F-l II.F-l II. F-2 II. F-2 II.F-3 II .F-3 II.F-3 II. F-4 II. F-4 II.G-l II.G-l II.G-l II .G-3 II .G-3 II .G-3 II.G-3 II.G-l6 II.G-20 II.G-27 II.G-28 II.G-28 II.G-30 II.G-3l II.G-:35 II.G-35 II.G-39 II.G-39 II.G-43 tI.H-l II.H-l II.H-l II .H-2 I. VOLtJHEII J. K. FINALENVIR.ONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT .RIVERSIDESOUTH TABLEOFCONTENTS(Continued) ExistingConditions HistoricResources ArchaeologicalResources TheFutureWithouttheProject 1997 2002 ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject 1997 2002 ECONOMICCONDITIONS Introduction Issues StudyArea ExistingConditions ProjectSite StudyArea TheFutureWithouttheProject ProjectSite StudyArea ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject ConstructionPeriodImpactsontheProjectSite OperationalImpactsoftheProposedProject RetailStudyArea IndustrialStudyArea TRAFFICANDTRANSPORTATION Introduction ExistingConditions VehicularTraffic Parking TransitServices PedestrianActivity TheFutureWithouttheProject Introduction 1997NoBuildConditions 2002NoBuildConditions ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject Introduction 1997ProjectImpacts 2002ProjectImpacts AIRQUALITY Introduction PollutantsforAnalysis AirQualityStandards PaseBmDber II .H-5 II .H-5 II .H-16 II .H-27 II .H-27 II .H-28 II .H-28 II .H-28 II .H-32 II. I-I II. I-I II.I-l II.I-l II.I-l II.I-l II.I-2 II. 1-15 11.1-15 II.I-15 II.I-17 II.I-l7 II. 1-21 II.I-24 II. 1-28 II.J-l II.J-l II.J-2 II.J-2 II.J-7 II.J-7 II.J -22 II .J-28 II.J-28 II.J-29 II.J-40 II.J-56 II.J-56 II.J-63 II.J-83 II.K-l II .K-l II.K-l II .K-3 L. FINALENVIllONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT IlIVEllSIDESOUTH TABLEOFCONTENTS(Continued) MethodologyforPredictingPollutantConcentrationsfrom MobileSources Introduction DispersionModelsforMicroscaleAnalyses Worst-CaseMeteorologicalConditions AnalysisYears VehicleEmissionsData TrafficData BackgroundConcentrations MobileSourceReceptorLocationsinPrimaryand ExtendedStudyAreas ApplicabilityofModels ParkingGarages AmtrakAnalysis MethodologyforPredictingPollutantConcentrationsfrom StationarySources FluidModelingofImpactsfromConEdisonFacility DispersionModelingofImpactsfromProject'sBoilers CavityRegions BackgroundConcentrations ExistingConditions PrimaryStudyArea:ExistingMonitoredAirQuality Conditions(1990) PredictedCarbonMonoxideConcentrationsinthe ProjectArea TheFutureWithouttheProject Introduction 1997 2002 ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject Introduction 1997 2002 NOISE IntroductionandMethodology EffectsofNoiseonPeople "A"-WeightedSoundLevel(dBA) HumanPerceptionandCommunityResponsetoChanges inNoiseLevels StatisticalNoiseLevels NoiseDescriptorsUsedinImpactAssessment NoiseStandardsandCriteria FutureNoisePredictionMethodology Pagellultber II .K-S II .K-S II.K-6 II .K-7 II .K-8 II.K-8 II .K-12 II .K-12 II .K-13 II .K-IS II.K-1S. II.K-16 II.K-17 II.K-17 II .K-2S II .K-26 II .K-27 II .K-27 II .K-27 II .K-29 II .K-30 II .K-30 II .K-30 II .K-32 II .K-33 II .K-33 II .K-33 II .K-37 II. L-l II. L-I II .L-I II. L-2 II. L-2 II.L-2 II.L-S II.L-S II .L-9 M. N. O. I'IRALENVIRONMENTALIMPACTSTATEHERT lUVEltSIDESOUTH TABLEOPCONTENTS(Continued) ExistingConditions SiteDescription NoiseMonitoring Instrumentation ResultsofBaselineMeasurements TheFutureWithouttheProject 1997 2002 ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject 1997 2002 RelocatedMillerHighwayScenario HAZARDOUSMATERIALS ExistingConditions SubsurfaceConditions LandUseHistory OverviewofSoilandGroundwaterTesting andRemediation SamplingProgramResults PotentialHumanHealthRisksofIdentifiedChemicals TheFutureWithouttheProject ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject ImpactsDuringConstruction ImpactsDuringOperation NATURALRESOURCES Hydrology,Tides,andFloodplainConditions . Introduction ExistingConditions TheFutureWithouttheProject ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject EcologyandWetlands Introduction ExistingConditions TheFutureWithouttheProject ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject NEIGHBORHOODCHARACTER Introduction ExistingConditions Clinton ColumbusCircle/LincolnSquare UpperWestSide TheFutureWithouttheProject 1997 2002 PagelIuIIlber II .L-9 II. L-9 II.L-ll II .L-U II. L-13 II.L-13 II.L-13 II .L-13 II.L-13 II.L-13 II .L-18 II. L-20 II.M-I II.M-l II.M-l II.M-2 II .M-3 II .M-3 II .M-7 II.M-12 II.M-13 II.M-14 II.M-14 II.M-IS II.N-l II.N-I II.N-l II.N-I II .N-3 II .N-3 II .N-7 II .N-7 II .N-7 II.N-lO II.N-lO II .0-1 II.O-I II. 0-1 II. 0-1 II.0-2 II.0-2 11.0-3 11.0-3 11.0-4 P. Q. R. FIHALENVIRONMENTAL"IMPACTSTATEMENT IlIVEItSIDESOUTH TABLEOFCONTENTS(Continued) ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject 1997 2002 INFRASTRUCTUREANDSOLIDWASTE Introduction ExistingConditions WaterSupply SanitarySewageandStormWaterDisposal SolidWaste TelephoneandOtherCommunications TheFutureWithouttheProject WaterSupply SanitarySewageandStormWaterDisposal SolidWaste TelephoneandOtherCommunications ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject WaterSupply SanitarySewageandStormWaterDisposal ENERGY ExistingConditions Electricity" NaturalGas Steam Oil TheFutureWithouttheProject ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject Electricity HeatingandCoolingSystems CONSTRUCTIONIMPACTS ConstructionSequencing ProbableImpactsoftheProposedProject LandUseandNeighborhoodCharacter HistoricResources EconomicConditions Traffic AirQuality Noise HazardousMaterials EnergyConsumption " RelocationoftheMillerHighway Page&umber II.O-4 II.O-4 II.O-S II.P-l II.P-l II.P-l II.P-l II.P-2 II.P-9 II.P-9 II,P-10 II.P-10 II.P-ll II.P-17 II.P-21 II. P-21 II .P-21 II.P-23 II.Q-l II.Q-l II.Q-l II.Q-l II .Q-l II.Q-l II .Q-2 I I ~ Q - 2 II .Q-2 II .Q-3 II .R-l II .R-l II .R-2 II .R-2 II .R-2 II .R-4 II.R-4 II .R-6 II.R-B II.R-1S II .R-1S II.R-16 FINALENVIRONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT llIVEllSIDESOUTH TABLEOFCONTENTS(Continued) CIIAPTEB.III.AL'lBBRA.'lIVES A.INTRODUCTION B.NOBUILDALTERNATIVE C.LESSERDENSITYALTERNATIVE D.STUDIO/OFFICE/SPORTSCOMPLEXALTERNATIVE E.SEWAGETREATMENTALTERNATIVES CIIAP'l'EB.IV.KI'lIGATIOBlIEASUIlES A.COMMUNITYFACILITIESANDSERVICES B.HISTORICANDARCHAEOLOGICALRESOURCES C.TRAFFICANDTRANSPORTATION D.AIRQUALITY E.NOISE F.HAZARDOUSMATERIALS CIIAP'l'EJl.V.mDlITIGATEDADVERSEDlPACTS A.COMMUNITYFACILITIESANDSERVICES B.TRAFFICANDTRANSPORTATION C.AIRQUALITY D.NOISE E.CONSTRUCTIONIMPACTS VOL1JllEIII CIIAP'l'EB.VI.RESPOBSETOCOIlllD'lS A.INTRODUCTION B.LISTOFGROUPSANDINDIVIDUALSWHOCOMMENTEDONTHEDEIS Palelmaber III-I III-I III-I 1II-6 1II-26 III-37 IV-I IV-I IV-3 IV-6 IV-45 IV-52 IV-56 V-I V-I V-I V-2 V-3 V-3 VI-I VI-I VI-2 C. FINALENVIRONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT RIVEllSIDESOUTH TABLEOFCONTENTS(Continued) RESPONSETOCOMMENTS PROJECTDESCRIPTION Certification Long-TermDevelopment/RestrictiveDeclaration ProjectElements Park RelocatedHighway Density Studio OtherProjectDescriptionItems PROBABLEIMPACTSOFTHEPROPOSEDPROJECT CumulativeImpacts LandUseandZoning DemographicsandthePotentialforSecondaryDisplacement CommunityFacilitiesandServices OpenSpaceandRecreation WaterfrontRevitalizationPlan HistoricandArchaeologicalResources UrbanDesignandVisualQuality NeighorhoodCharacter EconomicConditions TrafficandTransportation AirQuality. Noise HazardousMaterials InfrastructureandSolidWaste Energy NaturalResources ConstructionImpacts ALTERNATIVES TOFC/RailFreight PaBeRum.ber VI-9 VI-9 VI-9 VI-9 VI-14 VI-21 VI-40 VI-43 VI-S3 VI-S7 VI-6l VI-6l VI-63 . VI-64 VI-69 VI-79 VI-S2 VI-S4 VI-87 VI-9S VI-97 VI-lOS VI-137 VI-147 VI-ISO VI-lSI VI-174 VI-176 VI-178 VI-lS2 VI-ISS FIRALENVIR.ONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT R.IVER.SIDESOUTH TABLEOFCONTENTS(Continued) APPENDIXVOLUMEI APPENDIXAPedestrianWindsAnalysis APPENDIXBTraffic APPENDIXCAirQuality APPENDIXDNoise APPENDIXVOLUMEII APPENDIXEHazardousMaterials APPENDIXFLetterfromFireDepartment APPENDIXGViewCorridors APPENDIXHShadowStudies PageRuaber S-l I-I 1-2 II.B-l II.B-2 II.B-3 II.B-4 II.B-5 II.B-6 II. C-l FIRALENVIRONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT RIVERSIDESOUTH LISTOFTABLES Parcel-by-ParcelLandUseProgram(AboveGrade) Parcel-by-ParcelLandUseProgram ZoningCalculations StudyAreaDevelopment,1969-1991 1990StudyAreaPopulationandHousingDensity ProposedandPotentialDevelopment intheLandUseStudyArea StudyAreaPopulationandHousingDensity--1997and2002 StudyAreaPopulationandHousingDensity--1997and2002 SummaryofZoningDistrictsintheStudyArea Population II.C-2TotalHousingUnits II.C-3Households II.C-4One- andTwo-PersonHouseholds II.C-5AgeCohorts,1970,1980,1990 II.C-6MedianFamilyIncome,1969,1979,1989 II.C-7MedianHouseholdIncome II.C-8PersonswithIncomeBelowthePovertyLevel II.C-9LevelofEducationalAttainmentAmongPersons25Years andOlder,1970and1980 II.C-IOOccupationalCharacteristics II.C-liOccupiedUnitsandOwner-OccupiedHousingUnits II.C-12NumberofUnitsinStructure II.C-13PersonbyUnitsinStructure,RenterOccupied1990 PageRuDlber S-3 1-15 1-16 II.B-4 II.B-15 II.B-16 II.B-22 II.B-28 II.B-30 II. C-4 II.C-6 II. C-8 II. C-9 II.C-lO II.C-13 II. C-15 II.C-16 II.C-17 II.C-19 II.C-20 II.C-22 II.C-23 FINALENVIRONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT RIVERSIDESOUTH LISTOFTABLES(Continued) II. C-14YearofConstructionofResidentialUnits"1980 II.C-15BuildingswithCo-opandCondominiumOfferingPlans II.C-16ExistingCooperativeandCondominiumBuildings intheStudyArea II.C-17Single-RoomOccupancy(SRO)Unitsinthe RiversideSouthStudyArea II.C-18UnitsintheStudyAreaNotAvailableforSROOccupancy II.C-19PublicandPubliclyAssistedHousing II.D-lPublicSchoolUtilization,Capacity,andEnrollment 1991-1992SchoolYear-- District3,RegionI II.D-2EnrollmentHistory,1981-1992,District3,RegionI, II. D-3 II.D-4 II .D-5 II.D-6 II.D-7 II.G-l II.G-2 II.G-3 II.G-4 II.G-5 ElementaryandIntermediateSchools OtherEducationalFacilities,DayCareCenters,and LibrariesintheStudyArea HealthCareFacilitiesandInstitutIonalResidencesin theStudyArea StudentsGeneratedby1997and2002NoBuildProjectsin District3,RegionI Public -SchoolStudentsGeneratedbytheProposedProject (90-10UnitMix) PublicSchoolStudentsGeneratedbytheProposedProject (80-20UnitMix) OpenSpaceandPublicRecreationResourcesinStudyArea ResidentialPopulationoftheResidentialOpenSpace StudyArea:1980,1990 AgeCharacteristicsoftheResidentialOpenSpace StudyAreaPopulation:1980 1979IncomeCharacteristicsinthe ResidentialOpen ,SpaceStudyArea HouseholdswithAccesstoatLeastOneVehicle:1980 PageHumber II.C-25 II.C-26 II.C-3l II .C-37 II.C-43 II.C-48 II .D-3 II.D-4 II .D-7 'II.D-10 ,II.D-13 II.D-2l II.D-22 II.G-4 II.G-17 II.G-18 II.G-19 II.G-2l II.G-6 FINALENVIR.ONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT R.IVERSIDESOUTH LISTOFTABLES(Continued) NewCommercialDevelopmentintheOpenSpaceStudyArea, 1980-1990 PaBeRum.ber II.G-22 II .G-7DaytimePopulationintheOpenSpaceResidentialStudyAreaII.G-23 II.G-8 II.G-9 II.G-10 II .G-ll II.G-12 II.G-13 II.G-14 DaytimeandResidentialPopulationinthe CommercialOpenSpaceStudyArea GuidelinesforOpenSpaceNeeds:Existing. Conditions .intheResidentialOpenSpaceStudyArea GuidelinesforOpenSpaceNeeds:ExistingConditions intheCommercialOpenSpaceStudyArea AnalysisoftheAdequacyofOpenSpaceResources intheResidentialStudyArea-- NoBuildConditions AnalysisoftheAdequacyofOpenSpaceResources intheCommercialStudyArea-- NoBuildConditions AnalysisofOn-SiteOpenSpaceConditionswith theProposedProject,1997,2002 AnalysisoftheAdequacyofActiveOpenSpaceResources intheResidentialStudyAreawiththe ProposedProject,1997 Il.G-15AnalysisoftheAdequacyofOpenSpaceResourcesinthe ResidentialStudyAreawiththeProposedProject,2002 II.G-16AnalysisoftheAdequacyofPassiveOpenSpaGeResources WithoutCorpsAuthorization,1997 II.H-lHistoricResourcesintheStudyArea 11.1-1InventoryofRetailandServiceEstablishments II. 1-2 II.I-3 II.I-4 11.1-5 II.I-6 intheRetailStudyArea SummaryofUsesinIndustrialStudyArea:1991 IndustrialStudyAreaBusinesses SummaryofUsesintheIndustrialStudyArea:1986 ConstructionValueoftheProposedProject SummaryoftheEconomicEffectsfromConstruction oftheProposedProjectbyPhase II .G-24 II.G-26 II.G-27 II.G-32 II .G-34 II.G-4l II.G-42 II.G-43 II .G-45 II .H-7 II.I-3 II.I-5 II.I-6 II.I-14 II.I-18 II.I-19 II.I-7 II.I-S II. 1-9 11.1-10 II.I-ll II.J-1 II.J -2 II.J-3 II.J-4 II.J -5 II.J-6 II.J -7 II.J-S II.J -9 II.J -10 II.J-ll II.J-12 II.J -13 II.J-14 II.J-1S II.J-16 II.J-17 I'INALENVIRONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT IlIVEIlS IDESOUTH LIST01'TABLES(Continued) PageBuIlber ProjectedPermanentEmploymentonRedevelopedSites11.1-22 WithintheProposedProject ExpenditurePotentialbyPhaseIProjectResidents11.1-25 DemandforConvenienceRetailbyPhaseIResidents11.1-27 ExpenditurePotentialbyProjectResidents11.1-29 DemandforConvenienceRetailbyPhaseIProjectResidents11.1-31 1991ExistingCongestedLocationsII.J-S On-StreetParkingSupplyII.J-S RiversideSouthOff-StreetParkingInventoryII.J:9 WeekdayEnteringTurnstileCountsII.J-10 StairwayLevelofServiceDescriptionsII.J-11 59thStreetColumbusCircleStation,II.J-13 ExistingConditions 66thStreetIRTStation,1991ExistingConditions 72ndStreetIRTStation,1991ExistingConditions RelationshipofLOStoAvailableSpace 72ndStreetIRTStationMezzanineTime/SpaceLevelof ServiceAnalysis,1991ExistingConditions AssessmentofPlatformConditions, 72ndStreetIRTStation-- SouthboundPlatform. 1991ExistingConditions LineHaulAnalysis,1991ExistingConditions BusRoutesServingtheProjectArea 1991ExistingLocalBusConditions II.J-15 II.J-17 II.J-1S II.J-19 II.J -21 II.J-23 II.J-24 II.J-25 PedestrianLevelsofService,ExistingPeakHourConditionsII.J-27 1997NoBuildVICRatiosatCongestedLocationsII.J-30 1997NoBuildOff-StreetParkingII.J -32 FINALENVIR.OHHEHTALIMPACTSTATEMENT RIVERSIDESOUTH LISTOFTABLES(Continued) Pagebber II.J-1866thStreetIRTStation,1997NoBuildConditionsII.J-33 II.J-1972ndStreet-BroadwayIRTStation,1997NoBuildConditionsII.J-35 II.J-2072ndStreetIRTStationMezzanineLevelofServiceII.J-36 Analysis,1997NoBuildConditions II.J-21AssessmentofPlatformConditions,II.J-37 72ndStreetIRTStation-- SouthboundPlatform, 1997NoBuildConditions II.J-22LineHaulAnalysis,1997NoBuildConditionsII.J-38 II.J-231997NoBuildLocalBusConditionsII.J-39 II.J-24PedestrianLevelsofService,1997NoBuildII.J-41 PeakHourConditions II.J-252002NoBuildVICRatiosatCongestedLocationsII.J-43 II.J-262002NoBuildOff-StreetParking II.J-2759thStreet-ColumbusCircleStation, 2002NoBuildConditions II.J-2866thStreetIRTStation,2002NoBuildConditions II.J-2972ndStreetIRTStation,2002NoBuildConditions II.J-3072ndStreetIRTStationMezzanineLevelofService Analysis,2002NoBuildConditions II.J-31AssessmentofPlatformConditions, 72ndStreetIRTStation-- SouthboundPlatform, 2002NoBuildConditions,AMPeakHour II.J-32LineHaulAnalysis,2002NoBuildConditions II.J-332002NoBuildLocalBusConditions II.J-34PedestrianLevelsofService, 2002NoBuildPeakHourConditions II.J-35ElementsoftheProposedProject II.J-36TripGenerationandModalSplitAssumptionsfor RiversideSouth II.J-45 II.J-46 II.J-48 II.J-49 II.J-50 II.J-51 II.J-52 II.J -54 II.J -55 II.J -58 II.J-59 J'IHALEHVIllORHENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT llIVEllSIDESOUTH LISTOJ'TABLES(Continued) II.J-37Project-GeneratedPeakHourTravelDemand II.J-38SubwayStationTripAssignmentforProposedProject II.J-391997Intersection ApproacheswithSignificantImpacts intheProjectStudyArea II.J-40LocationswithSignificantImpactsinthe ExtendedStudyAreain1997 II.J-411997On-SiteGarages II.J-421997ParkingUtilization II.J-43SubwayStationTrips,1997BuildConditions II.J-4466thStreetIRTStation,1997BuildConditions II.J-4572ndStreetIRTStation,1997BuildConditions II.J-46 II.J-47 72ndStreetIRTStationMezzanineLevelofService Analysis,1997BuildConditions 72ndStreetIRTStation 1997BuildConditions SouthboundPlatform, II.J-48LineHaulAnalysis,1997BuildConditions I I ~ J - 4 9LocalBusNetwork,1997BuildConditions II.J-50PedestrianLevelsofService,1997BuildConditions II.J-512002IntersectionApproacheswithSignificantImpacts intheProjectStudyArea II.J-52IntersectionsExceeding30VPHThreshold intheExtendedStudyAreain2002 II.J-53LocationswithSignificantImpacts intheExtendedStudyAreain2002 II.J-54PMPeakHourRampMergeAnalysisat72ndStreet II.J-55On-SiteGarages II.J-562002ParkingUtilization II.J-57SubwayStationTrips PageBumber II.J-61 II.J-62 II.J-65 II.J-69 II.J-70 II.J-71 II.J-73 II.J-74 II.J-76 II.J-77 II.J-79 II.J-SO II.J-S2 II.J-S4 II.J-S6 II.J-S9 II.J-90 II.J -94 II.J-95 II.J-95 II.J-97 II.J-58 II.J-59 II.J-60 II.J-61 II.J-62 II.J-63 II.J -64 II.J-65 II .J-66 II.K-1 II.K-2 II.K-3 II.K-4 II.K-5 II .K-6 II.K-7 II .K-8 II.K-9 J'IRALENVIRONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT IlIVEllSIDESOUTH LISTOJ'TABLES(Continued) PageHumber 59thStreet-ColumbusCircleStation,2002BuildConditionsII.J-99 66thStreetIRTStation,2002BuildConditionsII.J-100 72ndStreetIRTStation,2002BuildConditionsII.J-l02 72ndStreetIRTStationMezzanineLevelofServiceII.J-104 Analysis,2002BuildConditions 72ndStreetIRTStation-- SouthboundPlatform,I I . J ~ 1 0 5 2002BuildConditions LineHaulAnalysis,2002BuildConditionsII.J-106 LocalBusNetwork,2002BuildConditionsI I. J -108 PedestrianLevelsofService,2002BuildCondi ti.onsII. J -109 RelocatedHighwayBuildImpactsII.J-112 NationalandNewYorkStateAmbientAirQualityStandardsII.K-4 ExistingTrafficVehicleOperatingConditionsII.K-10 RegionalValues MobileSourceReceptorLocationsinPrimaryStudyAreaII.K-14 MaximumMonitoredBackgroundDataforPollutantsStudiedII.K-19 intheStationarySourceFluidModelingAnalysis ConEdisonStackandEmissionsData RepresentativeMonitoredAmbientAirQualityData,1990 (ExceptWhereNoted) MaximumPredicted1- and8-HourCarbonMonoxide Concentrationsfor1991(partspermillion) Future(1997)MaximumPredicted1- and8-HourCarbon MonoxideConcentrationsWithouttheProjectinthe ProjectStudyArea(partspermillion) MaximumProjectedConcentrationsforNoBuildConditions DuetoEmissionsFromConEdison'SWest59thStreet GeneratingFacility(ug/m3) II .K-20 II .K-28 II .K-29 II .K-31 II .K-31 FINALENVIllONMENTALIHPACTSTATEMENT IlIVEllSIDESOUTH LISTOFTABLES(Continued) II.K-10Future(2002)MaximumPredicted1- and8-HourCarbon MonoxideConcentrationsWithouttheProjectinthe ProjectStudyArea(partspermillion) II.K-llFuture(1997)MaximumPredicted8-HourCarbonMonoxide ConcentrationsBothWithandWithouttheProjectin thePrimaryStudyArea(partspermillion) II.K-12Future(2002)MaximumPredicted8-HourCarbonMonoxide ConcentrationsBothWithandWithouttheProjectin thePrimaryStudyArea(partspermillion) II.K-13Future(2002)PredictedMaximum8-HourCarbonMonoxide ConcentrationsBothWithandWithouttheProjectand theRelocatedHighwayatOff-SiteLocations inthePrimaryStudyArea II.K-14Future2002MaximumPredicted8-HourCarbonMonoxide ConcentrationsintheExtendedStudyArea II.K-15MaximUmProjectedConcentrationsforBuildConditions DuetoEmissionsFromConEdison'sWest59thStreet GeneratingFacility(ug/m3)SummaryTable PageIfuIlber II .K-32 II .K-34 II.K-38 II.K-40 II .K-4l II.K-43 II.K-16AllReanalysisProbesII.K-44 II.K-17MaximumPredictedConcentrationsfromISCModelingforII.K-45 BuildConditionsintheYear2002DuetoEmissionsFrom HVACEquipmentattheProjectSite(ug/m3) II.K-18MaximumPredictedConcentrationsWithinCavityRegionsII.K-46 FromScreenModelingforBuildConditionsinthe Year2002DuetoEmissionsfromHVACEquipment attheProjectSite(ug/m3) II.L-lCommonNoiseLevelsII.L-3 II.L-2AverageAbilitytoPerceiveChangesinNoiseLevelsII.L-4 II.L-3CommunityResponsetoIncreasesinNoiseLevelsII.L-4 II.L-4CityofNewYorkAmbientNoiseQualityCriteria(dBA)II.L-6 II.L-5CEPO-CEQRNoiseExposureStandardsforNoiseReceptorsII.L-7 II. L-6 forUseinCityEnvironmentalImpactReview AttenuationValuesCalledforbyCEPO-CEQRExteriorNoise Categories II. L-8 II .L-7 II.L-8 II .L-9 II.L-10 II.L-ll II. L-12 II. L-13 II.L-14 II.P-1 II.P-2 II.P-3 II. P-4 II.P-S II.P-6 II.P-7 II .P-8 II.P-9 II.P-lO II.R-1 J'INALENVIR.ONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT RIVERSIDESOUTH LISTOJ'TABLES(Continued) NoiseLevelsIdentifiedasRequisitetoProtectHealth andWelfarewithanAdequateMarginofSafety - NoiseReceptorLocations ExistingNoiseLevels(dBA) MaximumL1O(1)NoiseLevelsWithouttheProjectin1997 MaximumL1O(1)NoiseLevelsWithouttheProjectin2002 MaximumL1O(1)NoiseLevelsWiththeProjectin1997 MaximumL1O(1)NoiseLevelsWiththeProjectin2002 MaximumL10(1)NoiseLevelsintheNewParkwiththe RelocatedHighway PageRuaber II. L-10 II. L-12 II .L-14 II. L-16 II. L-16 II. L-17 II.L-19 II.L-21 NorthRiverWPCPSecondaryTreatmentOperatingII.P-3 Characteristics,1991-1992 1991NewYorkCityDepartmentofEnvironmentalProtectionII.P-S HarborSurvey-- PreliminaryRawData ExistingSewerCapacitiesandFlowsII.P-8 NorthRiverDrainageBasinSubstantialII.P-12 NoBuildDevelopments WaterConsumptionatFuture-Without-the-ProjectII.P-14 DevelopmentSitesintheNorthRiverDrainageBasin SewageFlowstotheNorthRiverWPCPin theFutureWithouttheProject AdditionalSanitarySewageFlowsfromFuture-Without-the-ProjectDevelopmentSitesintheProject's SewerageArea Future-Without-the-ProjectDry-WeatherSewer CapacitiesandFlows EstimatedWaterUsagebyProposedProject SolidWasteGenerationattheProposedProject Vibration-InducedRiskCriteriaforHistoricBuildings II.P-18 II.P-19 II.P-20 II.P-22 II.P-2S II .R-3 II .R-2 II.R-3 II.R-4 II .R-5 II .R-6 III-1 1II-2 III-3 III-4 III-5 III-6 III-7 III-8 III-9 III-10 III-ll III-12 I'IRALERVIltOHHENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT IlIVEltSIDESOUTH LIST01'TABLES(Continued) TrafficConditionsDuringConstructionofthe ProposedProject,1997 LeqSoundLevelsEmittedfromEachPhaseof ConstructionActivityat500Feet SummaryofConstructionContributiontoAmbientSound Levels,dBALeq(l) HighestOff-SiteDaytimeSoundLevelsDuringConstruction Vibration-InducedRiskCriteriaforBuildings Parcel-by-ParcelBreakdown,LesserDensityAlternative ComparisonofOpenSpaceDemandandActiveOpenSpace RatiosBetweentheLesserDensityAlternative andtheProposedProject TransportationForecast,LesserDensityAlternative ComparisonofFutureTrafficConditions, LesserDensityAlternativeandProposedProject PageRuaber II .R-7 II .R-10 II.R-ll II.R-13 II .R-14 III-7 III-ll III-13 III-14 SignificantlyImpactedLocationsintheExtendedStudyArea,111-16 LesserDensityAlternativeandProposedProject 72ndStreetSubwayStationStairwayConditions, 1997and2002,LesserDensityAlternative LocalBusConditionsfor1997and2002, LesserDensityAlternative PedestrianLevelsofService,LesserDensityAlternative 1997and2002 66thStreetSubwayStationConditions,2002Build, LesserDensityAlternative TripGenerationandModalSplitAssumptionsfor Studio/Office/SportsComplexAlternative TransportationForecastforStudio/Office/Sports ComplexAlternative ComparisonofFutureTrafficConditions, Studio/Office/SportsComplexAlternative andProposedProject III-19 III-20 III-21 III-23 III-28 III-29 III-31 III-13 III-14 III-IS IV-l IV-2 IV-3 IV-4 IV-5 IV-6 IV-7 IV-8 IV-9 IV-lO IV-ll IV-12 IV-13 IV-14 IV-IS FINAL IMPACTSTATEMENT R.IVEUIDESOUTH LISTOFTABLES(Continued) PageRuIIlber 59thStreet-- ColumbusCircleStation2002BuildConditions111-33 WithStudio/Office/SportsComplex LocalBusNetwork,Studio/Office/SportsComplexAlternative111-34 PedestrianLevelsofServiceStudio/Office/111-36 SportsComplexAlternative 1997NoBuild,Build,andBuildwithMitigationVICRatiosIV-lO Summaryof1997MitigationMeasuresIV-II 1997ExtendedAreaMitigationVICRatiosIV-16 1997ExtendedAreaMitigationMeasuresIV-17 72ndStreetIRTStation,1997BuildIV-20 withMitigationConditions 72ndStreetIRTStation,SouthboundPlatform1997BuildIV-23 withMitigationConditions,AMPeakHour 2002NoBuild,Build,andBuildwithMitigationVICRatiosIV-27 Summaryof2002MitigationMeasuresIV-28 2002ExtendedAreaNo.Build,Build,andBuildwithIV-33 MitigationVICRatios 2002ExtendedAreaMitigationMeasuresIV-35 MitigationWithRelocatedHighwayIV-38 72ndStreetIRTStation,2002BuildIV-40 withMitigationConditions 72ndStreetIRTStation,SouthboundPlatform2002BuildIV-4l withMitigationConditions,AMPeakHour 66thStreetIRTStation,2002BuildwithIV-43 MitigationConditions Future(1997)MaximumPredicted8-HourCarbonMonoxideIV-46 ConcentrationswithTrafficMitigation intheProjectStudyArea(partspermillion) IV-16 IV-17 IV-18 IV-19 IV-20 IV-21 FINALENVIIlONHENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT IlIVERSIDESOUTH LISTOFTABLES(Continued) PageRumber Future(2002)MaximumPredicted8-HourCarbonMonoxide ConcentrationswithTrafficMitigation intheProjectStudyArea(partspermillion) Future(2002)MaximumPredicted8-HourCarbonMonoxide Concentrati"onswithTrafficMitigation intheExtendedStudyArea MaximumProjectedConcentrationsforBuildConditionswith ProposedMitigation MaximumL10(1)NoiseLevelsatLocationsWhereTrafficWould ChangewithTrafficMitigationfortheProjectin1997 MaximumL10(1)NoiseLevelsatLocationsWhereTrafficWould ChangewithTrafficMitigationfortheProjectin2002 MaximumL10(1)NoiseLevelsintheNewParkwithTraffic MitigationandtheRelocatedHighway IV-47 IV-48 IV-50 IV-52 IV-54 IV-55 FINALENVIRONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT UVEItSIDESOUTH LISTOFFIGURES I-IRegionalLocation 1-2SiteLocation 1-3ImmediateSiteContext 1-4TopographyandDepthtoBedrock 1-5SitePlanShowingExistingHighway 1-6NorthNeighborhood 1-7SouthNeighborhood I-S. AccessandCirculation 1-9ConceptualParkPlan 1-10InterimOpenSpacePlan 1-11SitePlanShowingRelocatedHighway 1-12ProposedZoning II.B-lStudyAreaBoundary II.B-2StudyAreaDevelopment,1969-1991 II.B-3ProjectSiteLandUse II.B-4StudyAreaLandUse II.B-5NotableBuildings-- PrimaryStudyArea II.B-6RetailEstablishmentsintheStudyArea II.B-7NotableBuildings-- SecondaryStudyArea II.B-SProposedDevelopmentintheLandUseStudyArea II.B-9ProjectSiteZoning II.B-lOStudyAreaZoning II.B-llProposedZoning II.C-lDemographicStudyArea PolloriDg PageRuIlber 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-10 1-10 1-11 I-IS 1-21 1-26 1-33 1-35 II.B-l II.B-6 II .B-7 II.B-S II.B-9 II .B-9 II.B-11 II.B-16 II.B-2S II.B-29 II.B-36 II.C-l FINALENVIRONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT IlIVEltSIDESOUTH LISTOFFIGURES(Continued) II.D-1MunicipalServices-- Police,Fire,andSanitation Facilities II.D-2PublicSchoolsinDistrict3-- RegionI II.D-3PrivateSchools,DayCareFacilities,and LibrariesintheStudyArea II.D-4HealthCareFacilities II.E-1ProjectSitePhotographs II.E-2ProjectSitePhotographs II.E-3ProjectSitePhotographs II.E-4ViewsofPiersG,H,andI II .E-5ProjectSitePhotographs II.E-6ViewsfromSiteTowardManhattan II.E-7ViewsfromSiteTowardManhattan II.E-8SouthernEndofProjectSite 11.E-9ViewofProjectSitefromWestEndAvenue II.E-10ViewofProjectSitefromFreedomPlace II.E-11VisualContextintheStudyArea II.E-12PredominantBuildingTypes 11.E-13BuildingHeightsintheStudyArea II.E-14ResidentialandCommercialTowers II.E-15KeytoPhotographsofStudyArea II.E-16PredominantBuildingTypesinClinton II. E-1759th.StreetWesternViewCorridor II.E-1860thStreetWesternViewCorridor II.E-1961stStreetWesternViewCorridor P'ollow:lng PageHumber II.D-1 II .D-2 II.D-7 II .D-9 II.E-1 II. E-1 II .E-1 II.E-1 II .E-1 II.E-2 II.E-2 II. E-2 II.E-2 II.E-3 II. E- 3 II.E-3 II.E-3 II.E-3 II.E-5 II.E-5 .II.E-5 II.E-5 II.E-5 I'IHALENVIRONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT RIVERSIDESOUTH LISTOFFIGURES(Continued) II.E-20VehicularandPedestrianRoutesInterruptedbySuperblocks II. E-2l.Walls,PlatformEdges,andBuildingsWithoutWindows II.E-22LincolnCenter II.E-23AmsterdamHouses II.E-24LincolnTowers II.E-25FreedomPlace II.E-266lstStreetWesternViewCorridor II.E-2762ndStreetWesternView II.E-2863rdStreetWesternViewCorridor II.E-2964thStreetWesternViewCorridor II.E-3065thStreetWesternViewCorridor II.E-3l66thStreetWesternViewCorridor II.E-3267thand68thStreets II.E-3369thStreet II.E-34AmsterdamAvenueNorthfrom70thStreet II.E-357lstStreet II.E-3672ndStreet II.E-37ViewsTowardSiteat72ndStreetandRiversidePark II.E-3870thStreetWesternViewCorridor II.E-39ProjectElevation II.E-40ViewoftheProjectfromtheNorth,2002 II.E-4lViewoftheProjectfromtheWest,2002 II.G-lOpenSpaceStudyArea-- ResidentialandCommercial StudyAreas P'olloriDg PaceRumber II .E-6 II. E-8 II. E-8 II. E-8 II.E-9 II.E-9 II. E-9 II. E-9 II.E-9 II. E.-9 II .E-9 II.E-9 II.E-9 II.E-9 II.E-ll II.E-ll II. E-ll II.E-ll II.E-ll II.E-l6 II.E-l6 II. E-l8 II .G-3 I'INALERVIltONHEHTALIMPACTSTATEHEHT lUVERSIDESOUTH LIST01'I'IGURES(Continued) 11.G-2OpenSpaceandRecreationalFacilities 11.H-lHistoricResources 11.H-2RiversideParkandDrive 11.H-3RowHousesatWest72ndStreetandRiversideDrive 11.H-4ChatsworthApartmentsandAnnex 11.H-5West7lstStreetHistoricDistrict II.H-6FormerIRTPowerHouse II.H-7BridgesorCommissionersMap1807-1811 II.H-8OriginalShorelineofProjectSite II.H-9ProjectSiteBlockBetween59thand60thStreets II.I-lStudyAreaBoundaries 11.1-2RetailEstablishmentsintheStudyArea 11.1-3IndustrialStudyAreaLandUse-- 54thto61stStreet 11.1-4IndustrialStudyAreaBusinesses-- 54thto61stStreet II.J-1TransportationStudyArea I1.J-2LocationsofCountingProgram 1I.J-3ExistingPeakHourTrafficVolumes I1.J-4ExistingVICRatios 11.J-5ExistingOff-StreetParking I1.J-6StudyAreaSubwayStations 11.J-759thStreetSubwayComplex-- 1991ExistingConditions II.J -866thStreet1RTStation1991ExistingConditions 11.J-972ndStreetIRTStation1991ExistingConditions II.J-10StudyAreaBusRoutes :rolloriDg PaBeRuaber II.G-3 II .H-6 II .H-9 II .H-9 II .H-10 II .H-10 II.H-ll II .H-18 II .H-19 II .H-24 II.I-1 II.I-2 II.I-4 II.1-4 II.J-1 II.J-2 II.J-2 II.J-4 II.J -7 II.J-10 II.J-ll II.J -14 II.J -16 II.J-23 FINALEHVIllOHHENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT llIVEllSIDESOUTH LISTOFFIGURES(Continued) II.J-llPedestrianLevel-of-ServiceDefinitions II.J-121997NoBuildTrafficVolumes II.J-131997NoBuildVICRatios II.J-142002NoBuildTrafficVolumes II. J -152002NoBuildVICRatios II.J-1659thStreetSubwayComplex-- 2002NoBuildConditions II.J-17ProposedStreetandGaragePlan II.J-181997TrafficIncrement II.J-191997BuildTrafficVolumes II.J-201997BuildVolume-to-CapacityRatios II.J-2lRedistributionofProjectTrafficOutsideofStudyArea II.J-22TrafficDiversions-- 2002BuildConditions II.J-23Project-GeneratedTraffic-- 2002BuildConditions II.J-242002TrafficIncrement II.J-252002BuildTrafficVolumes II.J-262002BuildVolume-to-CapacityRatios II.J-272002BuildNetworks II.K-lMobileSourcesReceptorLocationsinthePrimary StudyArea II.L-lNoiseReceptorLocations II.L-2NoiseReceptorLocations II.M-l1988SamplingPlan- StudySubareas II.N-lHudsonRiverDepthsattheProjectSite II.N-2AreaFloodedDuring100-YearStorm P'olloriDg PaleBuDlber II.J-26 II.J-29 II.J-29 II.J-42 II.J-42 II.J-45 II.J-56 II.J-63 II.J -63 II.J-63 II.J-67 II.J -85 II.J-85 II.J-85 II.J-85 II.J-85 II.J -l10 II.K-13 II.L-12 II.L-16 II .M-5 tI.N-l II .N-2 II.N-3 II.N-4 II. P-l II.P-2 II .P-3 II .P-4 II.P-5 II.R-l III-l 1II-2 IV-l IV-2 IV.:. 3 IV-4 IV-5 IV-6 VI-l I'IRALENVIR.ONMENTALIMPACTSTATEMENT IlIVER.SIDESOUTH LISTOFFIGURES(Continued) WaterfrontElementsoftheConceptualParkPlan ModificationtoRelievingPlatformWest63rdto West66thStreets ExistingWaterMains ExistingSewers SignificantProposedDevelopmentinthe TrunkSewerDrainageArea ProposedWaterMains ProposedStormandSanitarySewers NoiseReceptorLocations Layoutof1.4mgdSewageTreatmentPlant Layoutof2.0mgdSewageTreatmentPlant TypicalBlock-- WestEndAvenueImprovementPlan 72ndStreet/BroadwayIRTStationMitigation--StreetLevelPlan 72ndStreet/BroadwayIRTStationMitigation PlatformPlan,NewStairways 72ndStreet/BroadwayIRTStationMitigation SectionThroughNewStairwaystoSouthboundPlatform DistributionofWaitingPassengers-- ExistingVersus 73rdStreet Plan 66thStreet/Broadway StationMitigation NewHeadhouseat72ndStreetSubwayStation FolloriDg . PaBeHumber II .N-3 II .N-3 II.P-2 II.P-6 II.P-17 II .P-23 II.P-23 II .R-lO III-38 III-38 IV-7 IV-18 IV-18 IV-18 IV-2l IV-42 VI-123 FOREWORD ThisFinalEnvironmentalImpactStatement(FEIS)reflectschangeswhich haveoccurredsincethepublicationoftheDEISinresponsetopublicreview andongoingplanningefforts.Thepublicreviewincludedpublichearingsheld byCommunityBoard7onJuly21andJuly22,1992,apublichearingheldbythe ManhattanBoroughPresidentonAugust3,1992,andahearingbeforetheNew YorkCityPlanningCommission(CPC)onSeptember9,1992.Thehearingbefore theCPCandtheCityEnvironmentalQualityReview(CEQR)leadagenciesserved astheofficialCEQRhearingontheDEIS.Thepubliccommentperiodwasheld openforanadditional10daysbeyondthehearingtoreceivewrittencomments. TheFEISrespondstoallsubstantivecommentsontheDEISreceivedatthe CPCpublichearingandwrittencommentsreceivedbyCPCthroughSeptember21, 1992.AllcommentsaresummarizedandrespondedtoinChapterVI,"Responseto CommentsontheDraftEnvironmentalImpactStatement,"anewchapterin ,the FEIS. SincetheDEISwaspublished,otherreV1S1onstothedocumenthavebeen made,basedonchangestoprojectcomponentsandfurtherenvironmentalanalysis undertakenduringtheperiodbetweenDraftandFinalEnvironmentalImpact Statements.Thesechangesaresummarizedbelow. ChangesinProjectComponents ThefollowingchangesaredescribedintheFEIS'ProjectDescriptionand inotherapplicablesectionsasnoted: oTheprojectnowincludesanaffordablehousingcomponentranging between10and20percentoftheproject'stotalunits.Theinclu-sionofaffordablehousingraisesthepopulationestimatesincluded intheDEISandrequiredchangesinsectionII.B,"LandUseandZon-ing,"sectionII.C,"DemographicsandthePotentialforSecondary ResidentialDisplacement,sectionII.D,"CommunityFacilitiesand Services,"sectionII.G,"OpenSpaceandRecreationalResources," sectionII.J,"TrafficandTransportation,"andsectionII.P,"Infra-structureandSolidWaste,"andChapterIII,"Alternatives." oTheplanandproposedphasingfortheproposedwaterfrontpark,both withandwithouttherelocationoftheMillerHighway,haschanged. ThesechangesarealsoreflectedinsectionII.F,"WaterfrontRevi-talization"and11.G,"OpenSpaceandRecreationalResources."Ad-ministrativemattersregardingresponsibilityforthepark'sfinal designandconstruction,constructionfunding,andoperationand maintenanceofthecompletedparkarealsoclarified. oAportionoftheprofess,ionalofficespacetobeincludedinthe' proposedprojectwouldbemarketedtopublicornot-for-profitser-viceprovidersinaccordancewithcityfairsharecriteria.The typesofentitieswhichc o ~ l dfillthisspacearealsonotedinsec-tion11.D,"CommunityFacilitiesandServices". F-l oTheprojectwouldincorporateaprogramofsustainabledevelopment forfeasibleenergyconservationenhancement . oTheheightoftheRiversideDrivestreetwallhasbeenlowered.This changeisalsonotedinsectionII.E,"UrbanDesignandVisual Character." AdditionalChangestoEISSections Otherthanthechangespromptedbytherevisionstotheprojectdescrip-tion,asdiscussedabove,otherchangeshavebeenmadeinspecifictechnical areas. DemoiraphicsandthePotentialforSecondaryResidentialDisplacement oTheinclusionofadditionaldatafromthe1990CensusofPopulation. NosubstantivechangeintheconclusionsintheDEISresultedfrom theinclusionofthisdata. UrbanDesignandVisualCharacter oIncrementalshadowshavebeenadded(totheAppendix)anddescribed. TrafficandTransportation oAsaresultofongoingstateplanningstudies,thetrafficanalysis hasbeenrevisedtoreflectchangesinthedesignoftherelocated highwayatWest57thStreet. oThemodalsplitfortheproposedstudi%fficebuildingwaschanged toreflectagreatersharefortransit. oTheFEISincludesaquantified42ndStreetTransitwayanalysis. oBoththetrafficandtransitNoBuildanalyseshavebeenrevisedto reflectareviseddevelopmentprogramfortheAnsoniaPostOffice site. AirQuality(MobileSource) oReanalysisofthe42ndStreet/TwelfthAvenueintersectionreceptor location. oReanalysisofintersectionsalongthe57thStreetcorridorwitha revisedrelocatedhighwaydesign. oExaminationofeffectsoftheproposed42ndStreetLightRail Transitway . F-2 NaturalResources oTheFEISreflectsadditionalanalysisundertakenbetweendraftand finalEISbasedonstudiesofsedimentation,circulation,andrelated HudsonRiverhabitats. InfrastructureandSolidWaste oTheFEISincludesupdatedflowinformationfortheNorthRiverWater PollutionControlPlant(WPCP)andprovidesgreaterdetailonthe city'swaterconservationprograms. ConstructionImpacts oThissectionincludesadescriptionoftheproposedConstruction LiaisonCommitteewhichwouldactasaliaisonbetweentheproject andtheadjacentcommunityduringconstructionoftheproposed project. oTheapplicantwouldmakeaffirmativeeffortsinemployingthebroad-estrangeofpersonsandbusinessesforconstructionofthisproject. Thissectiondescribesthisstrategyingreaterdetail. Alternatives oSinceacommitmenttoaffordablehousingisnowincludedinthepro-posedproject,theAffordableHousingAlternativeincludedinthe DEIShasbeendeletedfromtheFEIS. oAnewalternative,theStudio/Office/SportsComplexAlternative,has beenaddedandanalyzed. Mitigation oTheprojectnowincorporatesasmitigationforyear2002impactson publicschoolsacommitmenttoprovidespaceforsaleorleasetothe BoardofEducationatfairmarketvaluewhichcouldaccommodate600 elementaryschoolseats.TheFEISalsoincludesanenvironmental analysisoftheproposedon-siteschoolfacility. oTheunmitigatedtrafficimpactidentifiedintheDEIS,attheinter-sectionof23rdStreetandEleventhandTwelfth 'Avenues ,hasbeen mitigated. oFundingforashareofthecostofimprovementstothe72ndStreet IRTsubwaystationwouldbeprovidedbythedeveloper.Theproject wouldfullyfundthecostofbuildinganewstairway,whichwould mitigateprojectimpacts. oMitigationforstationarysourceimpactsidentifiedintheDEIShas beenanalyzed.Theproposedmitigationmethodisdescribedinthe FEIS . F-3 Whereappropriate,thetextoftheDEIShasbeenmodifiedtoreflectthe changesdescribedabove.Neworchangedtextisindicatedwithalineinthe rightmargin.Thesymbolthatmaterialhasbeendeleted . F-4 I e e e EXECUTIVESUIIWlY A.PROJECTDESCRIPTIO. ProjectLocationandSitePeatures TheTrumpOrganizationisseekingavarietyofdiscretionaryapprovalsto developRiversideSouth,amajormixed-useandopenspaceprojecttobelocated onthe56.l-acreuplandportionofanapproximately74.6-acreformerrailyard locatedalongtheHudsonRiverontheWestSideofManhattan.Thediscretion-aryapprovalsthatwouldbenecessarytofacilitatetheRiversideSouthproject aredescribedlaterinthissection. TheprojectsiteisboundedonthenorthbyWest72ndStreetandRiverside Park,onthesouthbyWest59thStreet,onthewestbytheHudsonRiver,andon theeastbybuildingsatthewestendofWest72nd,7lst,and70thStreets;and byFreedomPlace,theCapitalCities/ABCstudiocomplexbuilding(between66th and65thStreets),parkinglotsandvacantlandbetween6lstand65thStreets (proposedfordevelopmentbyCapitalCities/ABCandtheapprovedManhattanWest project),andWestEndAvenue.Themostnotablesitefeaturesaretheright-of-wayforAmtrak,whichoperatespassengerservicefromUpstateNewYorkto PennsylvaniaStation,andtheelevatedMillerHighway,currentlybeingreno-vatedbytheNewYorkStateDepartmentofTransportation(NYSDOT),whichruns alonganeasement,generallyabout140feetwide,onthewesternportionofthe property.Thesouthernendofthesitealsocontainsseveralparkinglotsand unoccupiedorpartiallyoccupiedindustrialbuildings.Thecity'sstreetsys-temdoesnottraversethesite. DevelopaentPrograa LandUse TheprogramanddesignforRiversideSouthweredevelopedbytheRiverside SouthPlanningCorporation,consistingofrepresentativesoftheRegionalPlan Association,theMunicipalArtSociety,theNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil, TheParksCouncil,Westpride,theRiversideParkFund,andtheTrumpOrganiza-tion.Theoverallprogramcallsfordeveloping5,700dwellingunitsincluding affordablehousingunits,137,800zoningsquarefeet(zsf)ofretailspace, 163,400zsfofprofessionalofficespace(primarilymedicaloffices,althougha portionofthisspacewouldbemarketedtopublicornot-for-profitentities providingneighborhood/localservicesasdefinedinNewYorkCity'sfairshare rules),300,000zsfofgeneralpurposeofficespace,anda1.8million-zsf studiocomplexforeitherasingletenantormultipletenantsinvolvedinfilm ortelevisionproduction.Theprojectwouldalsoincludeapproximately25 acresofpubliclyaccessibleopenspace,includingawaterfrontparkof21.5 acres.Thetotalwaterfrontparkwouldconsistof71.1acresofmappedpark-land,ofwhich49.6acreswouldbeunderwaterland(18.5acresownedbythe S-l I e" developerand31.1acresownedbythecity)and21.5acreswouldbeupland.In addition,therewouldbe3.5acresofunmapped,publiclyaccessibleopenspace. Belowgrade,theprojectwouldincludea37,000-square-foot,six-screen,1,800-seatcineplex;anadditional45,000squarefeetofretailspace;and3,500 parkingspacesdistributedamongtheparcelsintheproject.Theprojectwould bebuiltonaplatformabovetheformerPennCentralrailyardsandabovethe existingAmtrakright-of-way. Theproject'sresidentialunitswouldhaveanapproximateunitdistribu-tionasfollows:4.4percentstudios(250dwellingunits),45.6percentone-bedroomunits(2,600dwellingunits),44.4percenttwo-bedroomunits(2,530 units),and5.6percentthree-bedroomunits(320dwellingunits).Theunits wouldbeamixofmarket-rateandlow-,moderate-,andmiddle-incomeaffordable housing.Ataminimum,assumingnoappropriategovernmentsubsidyprogramis available,10percentoftheproject'stotaldwelling. unitswouldbesubsidized internallyasaffordablehousing.Theavailabilityandutilizationofcity, state,andfederalprogramswouldraisetheproportionofaffordableunitsto atleast20percentofthetotalhousingunits.Thebreakdownbetweenlow-, moderate-,andmiddle-incomeaffordableunitshasnotbeenestablished.The projectwouldincludestricttransitionprovisionsfortheaffordablehousing unitstoprotecttenantsinplacefromdisplacement.Thesemayincluderesale restrictionsandprotectionsforthelifetimeoccupancyofin-placerental tenantsandtheirfamiliesafterexpirationoftheprogramrestrictions. TheprojectwouldextendRiversideDrivesouthfrom72ndStreetthrough theprojectsiteto59thStreetandTwelfthAvenueand,inmostcases,,would extendtheexistingManhattanstreetgridfromtheeasttoconnectwiththenew RiversideDrive.Theprojectwouldprovidespaceunderandbesidetheexten-~ i o nofRiversideDrivethatwouldenabletheNewYorkStateDepartmentof TransportationtomovetheMillerHighwayinboardofitscurrentlocation.Any decisiontomovethehighwaywouldbemadeindependentlyoftheapprovals neededtoconstructRiversideSouthandisnotpartof,theproposedproject. ProjectDesign Thecreationofthelargewaterfrontpark,theextensionofRiverside Drivesouththroughthesite,andtheextensionoftheexistingcitystreet gridontothesitefromtheeasthaveresultedinthecreationof15separate developmentparcels.The15developmentparcelsmakeup8separatezoning lots. Theprojecteddevelopmentoneachparcelwasstronglyinfluencedbya sensitivitytosurroundingusesandpatternsofdevelopmentandwouldbecon-trolledbyLargeScaleSpecialPermitControlsandDesignGuidelinesthatwould createanenvelopeforeachblockandestablishcriteriaforuse,access,bulk, height,setbacks,access,andlandscaping. TheLargeScalePermitControlsarepartoftheULURP'applicationthatis subjecttoreviewbytheCityPlanningCommissionandtheCityCouncil.The DesignGuidelinesarenotpartofthecity'sdiscretionaryreview.Theappli-cantwouldusetheseguidelinesinthefuturedevelopmentofthesite.They wouldaffectthelikelydevelopmentscenar1o;however,thereisnothinginthe ULURPapplicationorreviewprocessthatwouldbindfuturedevelopmentwith respecttotheseguidelines. S-2 LargeScaleSpecialPermitControlsandDesignGuidelines TheproposedcontrolsintheLargeScalePermitwouldensuretheprOV1Slon ofbulk,massing,andscalethatwouldbeconsistentwiththebuiltformalong theWestSide.TheDesignGuidelinesthatwouldbeself-imposedbytheappli-cantwouldaffectelementsofdevelopmentnotcontrolledbytheproposedregu-latorycontrols. TheLargeScaleSpecialPermitControlsaredirectedatissuesofland use,groundplane,andbuildingmassandform,andwouldbeincludedaspartof thesite'sspecialpermitundertheNewYorkCityZoningResolution(discussed below).Morespecificthanthecity'szoning,theLargeScaleSpecialPermit Controlswouldestablishindividualcriteriaforeachdevelopmentparcel.They establishcriteriaforallowableuses;bulk,includingstreetwall,building envelope,andtowercontrols;designelements;andlandscaping;andspecify mandatorystreetwall,height,andsetbacklocationsforthebuildings'bases, middleareas,andtowers;themaximumbuildingenvelopeoneachparcel;and totalsquarefootageforeachparcelandforeachtower.Thebuildingenvelope woulddefinetheouterperimeterwithinwhichallpotential'buildingmassmust beplaced;thestreetwallandtowercontrolsdefinethecharacteristics,compo-sition,andbulkofthebuildingmasswithintheenvelope. TheDesignGuidelinesspecifycertaindesigndetailspatternedafterthose elementsthatgivetheUpperWestSideitsuniquecharacter-- includingbuild-ingmaterials(primarilymasonry),windowproportionsandsubdivision,color, exteriorlighting,andprivateopenspaces.TheDesignGuidelinesarenotpart oftheproject'sULURPapplication;eachbuilding'sconsistencywiththese requirementswouldbeconsideredbyaprivatelydesignatedreviewbodybefore construction. Forparcelsclosetohistoricresources,morespecificLargeScaleSpecial PermitControlswouldbemandatedtoensurecompatibilitybetweenproject buildingsandthoseresources. DevelopmentPlan Aparcel-by-parcelsummaryofprojecteddevelopmentispresentedinTable S-l.ExceptforParcelN,allparcelswouldbedevelopedwithsomecombination ofresidentialandground-floorprofessionaloffice,communityfacility,and/or retailspace.ParcelNwouldcontainamixofstudiospace,generaloffice space,retailuse,andthecineplex.Developmentabove-gradeisexpectedto totalabout8.3millionzsf,morethan70percentofwhichwouldbeinresi-dentialuse. ReflectingtheproximitytoRiversidePark,landmarkbuildings,andthe neighborhoodtotheimmediatenorthandeast,thedevelopmentplancallsfora mid-rise(IS-story)residentialbuildingatWest72ndStreetgentlycurving ontoRiversideDriveattheheightoftheadjacentChatsworthApartments.The permittedheightoftheresidentialbuildingsvariestothesouth,withthe tallestbuildingat70thStreet(49stories),awidestreetalreadyinfluenced bytheheightsofthebuildingsatLincolnTowers.From70thto6SthStreet, buildingheightswouldstepdowntothesouthinresponsetothewideningof thewaterfrontpark. S-3 Table5-1 PAIlCBL-BY-PAl.CELLODUSBPIOGUII (AINrreGrade) Pt:ofeicmal. Reddea.tialOffic_l RetaUl OfficeStudioTotalScraareFeet IhIelllDcPadda& Parcel1JD:1t.zrAGl'A4 zrAGl'A4 zrAGl'A4 zrAGl'A5 zrAGl'ASDAceazrAGl'A en I ~ A288304,100319,30512,80013,440316,900332,745 B586604,600634,83022,20023,310626,800658,140 C491509,300534,76510,40010,92014,40015,120534,100560,805 D421437,500459,37513,00013,65019,40020,370469,900493,395 E410416,100436,90510,20010,71014,80015,540441,100463,155 F311338,000354,9007,7008,0859,0009,450354,700372,435 G286279,400293,3706,1006,405285,500299,775 H346370,800389,3408,2008,610379,000397,950 I498518,200544,11025,20026,460543,400570,570 J675692,900727,54514,70015,435. 13,60014,280721,200757,260 K603650,400682,92013,50014,17513,40014,070677,300711,165 L281278,700292,6358,9009,345287,600301,980 K296291,100305,65510,50011,025301,600316,680 N35,3002 37,065300,000330,0001,764,7001,962,5542,100,0002,329,619 0 ~ 243.000255.15017.90018.795260.900273.945 5,7001 5,934,1007 6,230,805.163,4007 171,570137,8007 144,6903 300,000330,0001,764,7001,962,5543,5006 8,300,0008,839,619 IIote.: 2 3 4 5 6 7 Communityfacilityspacecouldbeprovidedoneachzoninglotinlieuofsomeprofessionalofficeandsomeretailspace;however,a certain minimumofretailspacewouldbeprovided.Themaximumcommunityfacilityspaceonazoninglot wouldbeequalto .thetotalof themaxtmumprofessionalspaceplusthemaximumretailspaceminustheminimumretailspacerequired.Therefore,thesquarefootages listedhererepresentthemaximumtotalsquarefootagesallowed. Doesnotincludeabelow-grade,six-screen,37,000-square-foot,1,800-seatcineplex. Doesnotincludecineplexandabout45,000squarefeetofbelow-graderetailspace. Thegros8squarefootfigureswerederivedbyadding5percenttothezoningfloorareafigures.Allfiguresareapproximate. Thegros8squarefootfiguresforofficeusewerederivedbyadding10percenttothezoningfloorarea. Totalnumberofpublicparkinsspacestobedistributedamongparcelsintheproject. Thesumtotaloffloorareaoftheresidential,professionaloffice,andretailusesontheresidentialparcelsis6.2millionsquare feet.Thefloorareafortheprofessionalofficeandretailusesrepresentsamaximumforthoseuses.Theresidentialfloorarea couldincrease,butthenumberofresidentialunitswouldnotchange. Amainorganizingelementinthenorthernportionoftheprojectsite wouldbeFreedomPlace,nowasparselyused,four-lane,two-waystreetseparat-ingtheprojectsitefromLincolnTowersbetween66thand70thStreets.A majorgoalofthedesignplanistoenlivenFreedomPlace,andtothatend, FreedomPlacewouldbenarrowedand .convertedtoaone-waystreet,withretail usesincorporatedalongitswesternfrontage. Thedesignforthesouthernportionoftheprojectsiteacknowledgesthe proximityoftheapprovedManhattanWestproject,theexistingandproposed Capital.Cities/ABCStudios,andtheincreaseddepthofthebuildingsites. Southof65thStreet,thebuildingswouldagainrisetoaheightof41stories (between63rdand64thStreets),thenstepdownsouthof63rdStreettoavoid potentialairqualityconflictsrelatedtotheemissionsoftheConEdison plantat59thStreet.Thebaseofthestudiocomplex,boundedby59thStreet, WestEndAvenue,6lstStreet,.andparcelsLandM tothewest,wouldcontain floorsofapproximately250,000squarefeetandwouldrisetoaheightofeight stories(approximately150feet).Risingatopthe8-storybasewouldbetwo 22-storyofficebuildings.Thebuildingsinthesouthwouldbeorganized aroundtwointerrelatedparksandasystemofopenspacesbetween6lstand64th Streetsandalonganewstreet,FreedomPlaceSouth.Retailuseswouldfurther enliventhesouthernneighborhood.. AccessandCirculation Thevehicularcirculationplanfortheprojectcallsfortheextensionof theexistingRiversideDrivesouthconnectingtoTwelfthAvenueat59thStreet, and,inmostcases,theextensionoftheeXistingManhattanstreetgridtothe newRiversideDrive.ToconnectthenewroadtotheexistingRiversideDrive at72ndStreet,thenorthboundexitoftheMillerHighwayat72ndStreetwould beclosed.TheconnectionofRiversideDrivetoTwelfthAvenueand59thStreet wouldbeatgrade. Theeast-weststreetswouldvaryinfunctionandwidth.Seventieth,66th, 64th,and6lstStreetswouldbetwo-waythroughstreets.Sixty-eighthStreet wouldbetwo-wayduringPhaseIandone-wayeastboundattheendofPhaseII. Theexisting66thStreet,connectingFreedomPlacewithWestEndAvenue,would beredesignedandraisedby6or7feetstartingjusttothewestoftheexist-ingABCtruckdocktocleartheAmtrakright-of-way.Accesstotheexisting ABCentranceon66thStreetwouldbemaintained.Sixty-thirdStreetwouldbe one-way(westbound).Severalstreets-- 7lst,69th,67th,65th,and62nd Streets-- wouldbemappedaspublicaccesseasementsbutwouldbeprimarily pedestrianinnature.Onthesestreets,pedestrianusewouldbeencouragedand vehicularusediscouragedthroughtheuseofwidersidewalks,landscaping, droppedcurbs,andotherarchitecturaltreatments.Neither7lstStreetnor 65thStreetwouldbethroughstreets.Thegarageswouldbeaccessedfromeast-westpublicandprivatestreets.Noaccesstothegarageswouldbeprovided fromRiversideDrive,FreedomPlace(northandsouth),or72ndStreet. TheroadbedofFreedomPlace,currentlyalightlyusedtwo-waystreet runningbetween66thand70thStreets,wouldbenarrowedandconvertedintoa one-waystreetnorthbound.Inthesouth,anewtwo-waystreet,FreedomPlace South,wouldbecreatedtoconnect6lstand63rdStreetsontheprojectsite and64thStreettothewestofWestEndAvenueontheadjacentManhattanWest S-5 property.Theconstructionofthestreets,includingtheextensionofRiver-sideDrive,wouldbephasedwithandlinkedtothedevelopmentofindividual blocks. Theprojecthasbeendesignedtofosterthemaximumpedestrianuse,in-cludingpedestrianaccesstothewaterfrontpark.Thiswouldbeaccomplished throughlandscapingtreatment;thecreationofpedestrian-orientedstreets,as describedabove;thewideningofcertainsidewalks;andthecreationofa variedopenspaceplan. OpenSpaceandLandscapingPlan Theproject'sopenspaceandlandscapingplan,consistingofapproximately 25acresofpubliclyaccessibleopenspaceandrecreationalfacilities,con-tainstwomajorelements:alarge-scalewaterfrontparkandasystemofland-scapedpedestrianstreetsandopenspaces,focusedonFreedomPlaceandFreedom PlaceSouth,linkingtheparkstothecity.Ofthis25acres,approximately 21.5acreswouldbemappedparkland. MajorfeaturesofthesespaceswouldbedesignedbytheRiversideSouth ArtsProgram,anongoingprogramtoberunbyanindependentartscommittee linkedtotheparkdesignandconstructionentitytheapplicanthasproposedto beresponsiblefordesign,construction,andoperationofthepark(discussed below).TheArtsProgramwouldcommissionartists,workingindependentlyorin collaborationwithotherprofessionals,tocreatepermanentworksandstruc-turesforRiversideSouth,rangingfromfunctionalelementspaving,seating, lighting,etc.-- tosite-specificartworkandexhibitions . WaterfrontPark Theprojectwoulddevelopa2l.5-acrewaterfrontpark.Withavarietyof activeandpassiverecreationalfacilities,theparkwouldopenupaccessto morethanahalf-mileofwaterfront. TheCityofNewYorkwouldownthenewwaterfrontpark.Theparkwouldbe constructedandgiventothecityatnocosttothecity.Theapplicanthas proposedthatanot-for-profitparkdesignandconstructionentitywouldbe createdtosupervisethedesignandconstructionofthepark.Althoughnot partofthediscretionaryaction,thedeveloperhasproposedanopencollabo-rativeprocesswithRSPC,theManhattanBoroughPresident,CommunityBoards4 and7,andappropriatecivicandneighborhoodgroupstoallowforfullpublic commentandparticipationinthefinalparkdesign.Constructionofthepark wouldbefinancedbytheproject'sbuildings,pursuanttothetermsofaRe-strictiveDeclaration,andwouldbesubjecttoasystemofconstructionperfor-manceguarantees.Apublic-privatepartnershipcomposedofappropriatecommu-nity,civic,business,andpublicmembersaswellasthedevelopermaybere-sponsiblefortheoperationandmaintenanceofthewaterfrontpark.Thedevel-operwouldcontributeannuallyaminimumof50percenttowardthereasonable costofmaintainingthepark.Atthistime,thereisnoformalcommitmentby theParksDepartmentoranyotherentitytocontributefundingtowardthe50 percentmaintenancecostnotcommittedtobythedeveloper . S-6 Theproposedprojectwasdesignedwithtwoalternativeparkdesignsfor twodifferentconditions-- oneinwhichtheelevatedMillerHighway,which currentlycrossesthesiteonaviaduct,isrelocatedtoasitebeneathand nexttothenewRiversideDriveextension;andoneinwhichtheelevatedhigh-wayremainsinplace.BothscenariosareanalyzedthroughoutthisEIS. ProposedParkwithRelocationoftheMillerHighwAY.Relocationofthe MillerHighwayinboardwouldopenupbroaderviewsoftheHudsonRiverandpro-videforamorecohesiveparkdesign.Thewaterfrontparkwouldbeaccessible fromRiversideParkatthenorth,awalkwayproposedaspartoftheRoute9A projectatthesouth,andmostoftheeast-westcrossstreetsbetween72ndand 59thStreets.Pedestrianbridgesandwalkwayswouldcreateinvitingentrances totheparkfromthenewRiversideDriveextension,linkingtheparktothe citystreets.Anelevatorwouldprovideaccessfrom70thStreet.Allofthe park'sentrancesandpathswouldbeaccessibletothedisabled.Majorfeatures ofthisparkinclude: oInthenorthernpartofthepark,between70thand72ndStreets, activeopenspaceofcourtspaceforhandball,basketball,andvol-leyballandalevelfieldofapproximately63,000squarefeetfor informalactiverecreationalactivities,suchassoccerandfootball, wouldbeprovided.Additionalcourtspaceforbasketballwouldbe providedinthesouthernpartofthepark .. oTwochildren'splayareas,oneinthenorthandoneinthesouth, withfacilitiesfortoddlers,preschoolchildren,andpre-teens. oAlargelawnofabout11acres,slopingdownfromtheRiversideDrive extensiontotheHudsonRiver.Closesttotheriver,it wouldbea naturalareaofnativegrasses,shrubs,andperennials. oAnamphitheaterandciviclawn,tobeusedforspecialeventssuchas concerts,aswellasforeverydayrecreationaluses.Theciviclawn couldaccommodateinformalactiveuses,suchassoftballand volleyball. oAwaterfrontesplanaderunningtheentirelengthofthepark. oArehabilitatedpieratWest70thStreet(PierI)andthreenewpe-destrianpiersat67th,60th,and59thStreets,allofwhichcouldbe usedforstrollingandfishing.Inaddition,theWest69thStreet transferbridgewouldberetainedandstabilized. oAhard-edgedboatpondthatwouldaccommodatemodelboatingactivi-tiesandiceskatinginthewinter. oAcommunitygardenandnursery. oAfacilityforDPRthatwouldprovidespaceforstorageofmaterials andequipment,vehicles,andofficespace. Certainofthepark'swaterfrontelements-- mostnotably,thepedestrian piers-- requireauthorizationsfromtheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers.If theseauthorizationsarenotgranted,theparkwouldbeconstructedwithout thesewaterfrontelements,reducingtheparksizebyabout1.7acres. S-7 Thedevelopmentoftheparkwouldoccurinfourphases:thecreationofa temporarypark,theconstructionofthewaterfrontparkelementswestofthe currenthighway,thedevelopmentofthebalanceofthewaterfrontpark,and enhancementsinopenspaceareasuplandofthepublicpark. PriortoPhaseIoftheproposedproject,atemporaryopenspacewouldbe createdforpublicuse.It wouldlikelyconsistofsometemporarypavedarea containingcourtsandsomelawnarea.Itisanticipatedthattheareawould initiallybeatthenorthendofthesitetoprovideaccessfromRiverside Park.Thedevelopmentofthetemporaryopenspacewouldbesubjecttosafety considerationspertainingtotheongoingreconstructionoftheMillerHighway andwouldbedevelopedinconsultationwithrepresentativesoftheDepartment ofParksandRecreation,theManhattanBoroughPresident,cityagencies,and communityrepresentatives,includingrepresentativesfromCommunityBoards4 and7. DuringPhaseI,alloftheelementsofthewaterfrontparkthatwouldnot bedisturbedbysubsequentrelocationoftheMillerHighwaywouldbecompleted intheirpermanentform.Thisincludesallofthepark'swaterfrontelements, includingtheball fields ,thewaterfrontesplanade,allworkrelatingtoexist-ingandproposedpiers,theboatpond,andthenaturalareasandpathways.In total,about8.5acresofparkspacewouldbedevelopedduringPhaseI.This spacewouldbethesameifthehighwayisrelocatedorifit remainsinplace. DuringPhaseII,itisanticipatedthattheremainderofthewaterfront parkwouldbecompleted . PhaseIIIrepresentsenhancementstootheropenspaceareasthroughoutthe project,includingFreedomPlace,FreedomPlaceSouth,RiversideDrive,private streets,publicaccesseasements,andotherworkrelatedtotheArtsProgram. ProposedParkWithoutRelocationofMillerHighway(InterimPark).As notedabove,thewaterfrontelementswestoftheexistingMillerHighwaywould becompletedby1997andwouldbethesameifthehighwayisrelocatedorif it remainsinplace.ForPhaseII,theparkplandescribedaboveenvisionsrelo-cationoftheMillerHighwayinboard.However,relocationoftheMillerHigh-wayrequiresdiscretionaryapprovalsseparatefromtheactionsrequiredto developRiversideSouth.Iftherequiredapprovalsfortherelocationofthe highwayarenotgrantedand/oriffundingisnotallocated,theentityrespon-siblefordesignandconstructionoftheparkwouldconstructtheInterimPark forPhaseII.AlthoughitisexpectedthattheInterimParkwouldbeprovided bytheyear2000,constructionoftheInterimParkmayoccuraslateas2002. AdecisiontoconstructtheInterimParkwouldbemadeonlyif,afterthebest effortsofthecityandstate,it becomesclearthatthehighwaywouldnotbe relocated.ThisparkwouldbecomepermanentiftheMillerHighwayisnotre-located. ThebalanceoftheInterimParkwouldcontainmostofthesameelementsas theparkwitharelocatedhighway,includingpavedcourts,bal1fie1dsforsoc-cerandfootball,playgrounds,theslopinglawnbetween70thand62ndStreets, etc.It wouldnotcontainanamphitheaterorthecommunitygardens,andbe-causeit wouldnotutilizethepublicspacereservedfortherelocatedhighway, it wouldbeapproximately4.0acressmallerthantheparkproposedwiththe relocatedhighway. S-8 TheparkwouldbeaccessedviapedestrianentrancesfromRiversideDrive at68th,66th,and63rdStreets.TheparkwouldalsobeaccessedfromRiver-sidePark,tothenorth,andfromtheproposedRoute9Awalkway,tothesouth. Noaccesswouldbeavailablebetween68thand72ndStreetsandbetween59thand 63rdStreets. BecauseofthecontinuingpresenceoftheelevatedMillerHighwaystruc-ture,whichwouldobstructvisualaccesstothewaterfront,theInterimPark woulddiffermarkedlyfromtheparkwiththerelocatedhighwayinseveral respects. First,manyofthepark'sfeatureswouldbecrossedbytheelevatedhigh-waystructure,includingaboutathirdofthelawnarea.Thisareabeneaththe highwaywouldbedividedbycolumns,unliketheopengrassyareainthepark~ withtherelocatedhighway.Second,thisparkwouldalsohavelesssunlightI thantheparkwiththerelocatedhighway,becauseoftheshadowcastbythe elevatedhighwaythroughouttheday.Third,exceptwhenstandingonthewater-frontandfacingwest,thehighwaystructurewouldalwaysdominateviews.Park userswouldbeawareofbeingclosetoahighwayandwouldbeabletoseeand hearthetraffic.Incontrast,if thehighwayisrelocated,theparkwould provideanescapefromthecitythatwouldbedominatedbysweepingviewsof theriverfront.Finally,if thehighwayisnotrelocated,certainlocationsin theparkwouldbenoisieraswell.Mostlocationswouldb ~closetothehigh-way,andtherewouldbenobarrierstoblocknoisefromreachingthepark. OtherOpenSpaceElements Thewaterfrontparkwouldbelinkedtothecitythroughtheproject's otheropenspaceelements-- specialtreatmentsalongprojectstreets,particu-larlyFreedomPlaceandFreedomPlaceSouthbutalsoincludingRiversideDrive andthesidestreets.Thesetreatmentswouldbeimplementedbytheproject's ArtsProgram. Theapplicantisproposingtoprovidetrees,benches,andseatingareasI alongbothsidesofRiversideDrive.FreedomPlace,asparselyusedtwo-wayrj streetrunningfrom66thto70thStreet,wouldbespeciallytreatedaspartof asite-specificandpermanentartwork,possiblydesignedtohonortheCivil RightsmovementintheUnitedStates.Theroadbedwouldbenarrowedtoaone-waystreetandthesidewalksexpandedwithintheright-of-way.Treeswouldbe plantedonbothsidesofthestreetandthesidewalkswouldbegivenspecial treatmentcreatedaspartoftheArtsProgram.OntheeastsideofFreedom Place,theplancallsforafreestandingdecorativewallinfrontoftheexist-ingLincolnTowerswallwithopeningsforLincolnTowers,asrequired.Between 63rdand6lstStreets,FreedomPlaceSouthwouldcontinuethesite-specific artworkfromFreedomPlace.Between64thand63rdStreets,alandscapedarea onthewestsideofthestreetwouldcontinuetheparkproposedaspartofthe ManhattanWestproject.Theproject'scross,streetswouldalsobegivenspe-cialtreatmenttovisuallytiethewaterfrontparktothecityandthecity's streetgrid.Thepublicstreetswouldhavetreesandspecialpaving,andthe privatestreetswouldbepedestrian-oriented,withdecorativepaving,trees, benches,andartwork . Inaddition,theprojectwouldalsoincludeprivatecourtyardswithinmany ofitsbuildingsthatwouldbeavailableforresidentsorworkersinthose buildings. S-9 InfrastructureImprovements Todeveloptheprojectsite,connectionswouldbemadetoexistingwater andsewerlinesandpossiblytoexistingelectric,gas,orsteamlines.Storm waterwouldbeseparatedfromsanitarysewage.Thenewlineswouldbeplaced inthestreetsinaconventionalurbanpatternandwouldbephasedinwiththe progressionofthebuildingparcels.Autilityareawouldrununderthevia-ductofthenewRiversideDrive.PursuanttothetermsofaRestrictiveDecla-ration,theprojectwouldalsoprovideaneasementbeneathprojectbuildings forasingle-tracklightraillineandoneormorestationsalongthisline. TreatmentofWaterfrontStructures Sevendilapidatedwaterfrontstructuresrunalongtheproject'sHudson Riverwaterfront.Aspartoftheproposedproject,PierIattheendof70th Streetwouldberehabilitatedasanelementofthewaterfrontpark,provided thattherehabilitationwouldbecoveredunderanationwidepermitissuedby theu.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers(Corps).SouthofPierI,theWest69th Streettransferbridgewouldberetainedandstabilized.Thedeteriorated pierssouthofthetransferbridgewouldberetained.Toensurepedestrian safety,thetwopiersat64thand63rdStreetswouldbeseveredfromtheshore-linetopreventpublicaccess.Aspartoftheproject'sArtsProgram,existing pilingsandremnantsofthethreepiersat67th,66th,and65thStreetswould beselectivelycuttoformapatterninthewater,dependingonthetides .. SustainableDevelopment Theprojectwouldincorporateareasonableprogramofsustainabledevelop-mentfortheprojectforfeasibleenergyconservationenhancement.Theprogram wouldbeadministeredbyareviewboardappointedbyRSPC.(Thisprogramis notpartofthediscretionaryactionsthatareunderreviewbytheCityPlan-ningCommission.). ProjectPhasingandConstruction Theprojectwouldbeconstructedovera10-yearperiod.ForCEQRanaly-sis,itisexaminedintwophasesinthisEIS.PhaseI,projectedtobecom-pletedin1997,wouldincludethedevelopmentofallparcelsnorthof64th Street(ParcelsAthroughH)andadjacentportionsoftheproject'sstreet network.PhaseIwouldincludeapproximately55percentoftheproject'sresi-dentialunits(3,129units),90,000zsfofprofessionalofficespace,57,600 zsfofretailspace,parkingforapproximately2,000vehicles,andthewater-frontportionoftheproject'slargepark,asdescribedabove. PhaseII,projectedtobecompletedby2002,woulddeveloptheparcels between64thand59thStreets-- ParcelsIthrougho.PhaseIIwouldinclude thebalanceoftheresidential,retail,andprofessionalofficespace,the cinep1ex,andtheproject'sstudiocomplexandofficespace,aswellasthe balanceoftheparkingspaces,theproject'sstreetnetwork,andinfrastruc-ture.ThewaterfrontparkwouldbecompletedduringPhaseII,aswouldother elementsoftheproject'sopenspaceplan. Theaffordablehousingunitswouldbeconstructedona"middle-loading" basis,ensuringthatasetpercentageofsuchunitsarecompletedwhenafixed percentageofmarket-rateunitsarecompleted. S-10. Asnowcontemplated,theconstructionoftheproject,whichisexpectedto begininearly1993andbecompletedin2002,wouldproceedfromthenorthto thesouth.Accesstothesiteforconstructionworkersandvehicleswouldbe providedfrom59thStreet,usingtheexistingpavedareaundertheMillerHigh-wayand/orapathwaylocatedtotheimmediatewestoftheAmtrakeasement.Ad-ditionalaccesstothebuildingsiteswouldbeprovidedasnewstreetsarecon-structed.Parkingforconstructionworkerswouldbeavailableindesignated areasthroughoutthesite.Toconstructtheproject,theexistingAmtrak trackswouldhavetobecoveredinsegmentsastheconstructionproceedsfrom northtosouth. Totalconstructiontimeforthetypicalbuilding,includingexcavationand preparationoffoundations,wouldbeapproximatelytwoyearsonaverage.Con-structionofthestudiocomplexwouldtakeanestimated3 ~years.Itisex-pectedthatanewparcelwouldbeginconstructionabouteverysevenmonths.At thepeakconstructionperiod,amaximumoffourbuildingscouldbeundercon-structionsimultaneously,withabout1,000workersemployedon-site. PublicFundingandIncentives Theprojectwouldactivelybeseekinggovernmentsubsidiesforthecon-structionofaffordablehousingon-site.Nopublicfundingiscurrentlycon-templatedfortheconstructionofotherelementsoftheproposedproject. Althoughnodecisionhasbeenmaderegardinganyotherpublicfundingforthe balanceoftheproject,includingtaxabatements,itispossiblethattheproj-ectwouldseeksuchassistancethatmaybeavailable . RelocationoftheHillerHighway Theprojectsitecurrentlycontainsal40-footaerialeasementforthe elevatedMillerHighway,generally140feetwide,runningthroughtheproject site.TheMillerHighwayiscurrentlybeingrenovatedbyNYSDOT,andthat renovationisscheduledforcompletioninlate1994orearly1995. Theproposedprojectwasdesignedwithtwoalternativeparkdesignsfor twodifferentconditions-- oneinwhichtheelevatedMillerHighwayisrelo-catedinboardtoasitebeneathandbesidethenewRiversideDriveextension andoneinwhichtheelevatedhighwayremainsinplace.ShouldtheNYSDOT,in conjunctionwiththeFederalHighwayAdministration(FHWA),approverelocation ofthehighwaytoanin-boardlocationbeneaththeextensionofRiverside Drive,theexistinghighwaywouldbedemolished.Therelocation,whichissup-portedbytheprojectsponsors,wouldopenupbroaderviewsoftheHudsonRiver andthePalisadesandprovideforamorecohesiveparkdesign.Toaccommodate therelocationofthehighway,RiversideSouthhasprovidedspacebeneathand adjacenttotheextensionofRiversideDrivethatcouldaccommodatearelocated highway.Therelocationofthehighwayisaseparateandindependentaction fromtheapprovalsandplansoftheRiversideSouthproject.Partialfunding forthisrelocationhasbeenauthorizedbytheu.S.CongressandNewYork State . S-ll BecauseitisexpectedthattherelocationoftheMillerHighway,if it occurs,couldnotbecompletedby1997,PhaseIoftheproposedprojectunder thisscenariowouldbesimilartothatdescribedforconditionswiththehigh-wayremaininginplace.Althoughit cannotbespecificallydeterminedwhat yearthehighwaymayberelocated,areasonableassumptionofa2002Buildyear hasbeenmade.Therelocationofthehighwaywouldprimarilyaffectthedesign ofthewaterfrontpark,asdescribedabove,andwouldrequirecoordinationof constructionactivitieswiththeproposedproject. RequiredActions Theproposedprojectwouldbesubjecttothecity'sUniformLandUseRe-viewProceduremandatedbytheCityCharter,aswellasStateandCityEnviron-mentalQualityReview.Inaddition,theproposedprojectwouldrequireapprov-alsandotherdiscretionaryactionsbycityandstateagencies.Thediscre-tionaryactionsthathavebeenidentifiedareoutlinedbelow. CityActionsandApprovals CityMapChanges UnderSections198and199oftheCityCharter,theproposedRiverside SouthprojectwouldrequireCityMapchangesfornewstreetsandtheMiller Highway.Specifically,the"followingstreets,parkland,andpublicaccess easementswouldbemapped: oTheextensionofRiversideDrivefrom72ndStreetto59thStreet wouldbemappedasapublicstreet; oSeventieth,68th,66th,64th,63rd,and6lstStreetswouldbemapped aspublicstreetsbetweenRiversideDriveandtheproject'sproperty line; oAnII-footportionof64thStreetbetweentheproject'spropertyline andWestEndAvenue(ontheManhattanWestsite)wouldbedemapped; oThatportionofFreedomPlaceSouthbetween63rdand64thStreets(on theManhattanWestsite)wouldbedemappedasapublicaccessease-mentandthenmappedalongwiththeportionofFreedomPlaceSouth between6lstand63rdStreetsasapublicstreet; oThespacesetasideforapossiblerelocationoftheMillerHighway wouldbemappedasapublicplaceandparkwaycorridor; oToconformwithNYSDOTplanstowidentheMillerHighwaytothewest, aneweasementofapproximately22feetwouldbemappedonthewest sideofthehighway,onlandtobeprovidedbythedeveloper; oThewaterfrontparkwouldbemappedaspublicparkland-- thisin-cludesa2l.S-acreuplandareaeastoftheRiversideDriveextension aswellas49.6acresofunderwaterland(18.5acresownedbythe developerand31.1acresownedbythecity); S-12 oSeventy-first,69th,67th,65th,and62ndStreetswouldbemappedas publicaccesseasements;.and oAnareaeastofFreedomPlacebetween63rdand6lstStreetswouldbe mappedasapublicaccesseasement. Inaddition,themapapprovedfortheLincolnWestproject,butnever filed,wouldhavetoberescinded. ZoningMapChanges UnderSections200and201oftheCityCharter,mostofthesiteispro-posedtoberezonedasRIO(infill).ThestudioblockwouldbezonedC4-7.A portionofParcelIwouldbezonedC4-2F.ExceptfortheRiversideDrivefron-tagesextending75feettotheeastonParcelsC-D,E-F,I,andJ-K,aC2-5 overlaywouldcovermostofParcelsAthroughK. Thewaterfrontpark(includingapproximately21.5uplandacresaswellas anadditional49.6acresoflandunderwater)wouldbemappedasparklandandan areaeastofFreedomPlaceSouthatabout62ndStreetwouldbemappedasa publicaccesseasement.Inaddition,thenorthernhalfofthemarinetransfer stationat59thStreet,currentlyanonconforminguseinaC-3zone,wouldbe zonedM2-3,togivetheentiremarinetransferstationasingleconforming designation. SpecialPermits TheproposedprojectwouldrequirespecialpermitsfromtheCityPlanning CommissionfordevelopmentsinrailroadortransitairspaceunderSection 74-681oftheNewYorkCityZoningResolution(ZR),forgenerallarge-scale developments(Sectiori74-74ZR),fortheprovisionofpublicparking,andto allowextensionoftimeforcompletionofsubstantialconstruction. RestrictiveDeclaration Anewrestrictivedeclarationwouldberecordedagainstthesitetore-placetheonerecordedfortheformerLincolnWestproject. PermitforUseofCity-OwnedLand UnderSection704(h)oftheCityCharter,thedeveloperwouldobtaina permitforpropertyontheprojectsiteownedbytheDepartmentofBusiness Services(DBS)fromthecitytodevelopit asapublicpark. Certification Certificationwouldbesoughttopermitcurbcutsonwidestreets,specif-icallyforZoningLotCIDalongWest70thStreetandforZoningLotsElF,G/H, andJ/KalongRiversideDrive. StateApprovals Theproject'sproposedshorelinestabilizationandwaterfrontimprovement planswouldrequireaTidalWetlandspermitforactivitiesinthe"adjacent S-13 area"asdefinedinthestate'sPart661regulations.Suchpermitswouldbeof the"generallycompatible'- permitrequired"(GCp)category,andundertheNew YorkStateDepartmentofEnvironmentalConservation'sUniformProcedures(Part 621)aredenominatedas"minor"permits. Under6NYCRR60S,theprojectmayrequireapermitfortherehabilitation ofPierI(at70thStreet)inconnectionwiththewaterfrontopenspaceareas. TheprojectwouldalsorequireaConsistencyDeterminationfromtheNewYork StateDepartmentofStateDivisionofCoastalResources. ApprovalwouldberequiredfromNYSDOTfortheclosingofthenorthbound exitrampfromtheMillerHighwayat72ndStreet.Itshouldalsobenotedthat theanalysespresented'inthissectionareallbasedontheassumptionthatthe cityand/orstateapprovalsnecessarytoclosetheMillerHighwayNorthbound exitrampat72ndStreetwillbeclosed.Theclosureofthisrampisnotcer-tainbecauseit mustundergoadiscretionaryapprovalactionofitsown. Shouldthisactionnotbeapprovedbyrelevantagenciesandtheclosureofthis rampnotbepossible,theprojectwouldhavetoberedesigned,andundergoa newreviewprocess. AnyworkrequiringaU.S.ArmyCorpspermitwouldrequirewaterqualityI AStatePollutantDischargeEliminationSystemPermitwouldbe requiredforanyon-sitesewageplantdischarge,if proposed. FederalApprovals AuthorizationwouldberequiredfromtheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers (Corps)fortheconstructionoftheproject'spedestrianpiers.PierIwould rehabilitatedunderanationwidepermitfromtheCorps.Inaddition,the approvaloftheAdvisoryCouncilonHistoricPreservationmayberequiredin connectionwiththestabilizationoftheWest69thStreettransferbridge. B.PROBABLEIMPACTSOFTHEPROPOSEDPROJECT LandUseandZoning LandUse ProjectSite PhaseIoftheproposedprojectwouldcompletelyalterlanduseonthe portionoftheprojectsitenorthof64thStreet,replacingcurrentlyvacant landwithaprojected3,100oftheproject's5,700units,90,600zsfofprofes-sionalofficespace,57,600zsfofretailspace,andparkingforapproximately 2,000vehicles.AllthebuildingswouldbeconstructedovertheexistingAm-trakrailright-of-way.Everyresidentialbuildingwouldcontainprofessional officespace,withretailspaceincludedonthegroundfloorofthosebuildings alongFreedomPlace.AnS.5-acreportionofthewaterfrontparkwestofthe MillerHighwaywouldbedevelopedduringPhaseI,includingtherehabilitation oftheexisting0.S6-acrePierI,subjecttoapprovalbytheU.S.ArmyCorpsof S-14 Engineers.Inadditiontothepermanentwaterfrontelementsofthepark,sub- I jecttopublicsafetyconsiderations,atemporaryopenspacewouldbecreated on-siteforpublicuse;Thelocationofthattemporaryspacehasnotyetbeen determined.ThetransferbridgeatWest69thStreetwouldberetainedandsta-bilized,andtheotherdilapidatedpiersalongthesite'sshorewouldbere-tainedbutseveredfromtheshoreline.AnetworkofroadsextendingRiverside Drivesouthandcrossstreetswestontotheprojectsitewouldbecompletedas well. DevelopmentduringPhaseIIwouldcompletetheprojectsouthof64th Streetand,withtheexceptionofastudi%fficecomplexproposedforthe southernendoftheprojectsite,wouldbesimilartoPhaseI-- primarily residentialbuildingswithground-floorandsecond-floorprofessionaloffice andretailspace.TheextensionofRiversideDrivewouldcontinuesouthfrom 64thStreetand,atcompletion,connectwithTwelfthAvenuesouthof59th Street;crossstreetswouldbeextendedwestacrossthesitesouthof64th Streetaswell.PhaseIIdevelopmentwoulddisplacetheexistingusesonthe southernportionofthesite-- JayGeeMotorhomes,thenowvacantLifschultz FastFreightfacility,andtheConEdison,U.S.PostalService,andpublic parkinglots.Inkeepingwiththeoverallplanfortheprojectsite,allbut oneoftheprojectparcelswouldbedevelopedwithacombinationofresiden-tial,professionaloffice,and/orretailuseinbuildingsrangingfrom4to-41 stories.Thelargestbuildingsite,ParcelNatthesouthernendoftheproj-ectsite,wouldcontainacommercialofficebuildingcontainingapproximately 300,000zsfofgeneralofficespace,anearly1.Bmillion-zsfstudiocomplex, andabelow-grade,six-screen,1,BOO-seatcineplex.BuildingsfacingFreedom PlaceSouth(onParcelsJ,K,N,and0)wouldcontainground-floorretailuse, extendingsouththeretailstripdevelopedonthatplockfrontduringPhaseI. DuringPhaseII,thebalanceoftheproposedwaterfrontparkandotherelementsI oftheproject'sopenspaceplanwouldbecompleted,asdescribedabove. StudyArea DevelopmentofPhaseIoftheproposedprojectwouldbeconsistentwith landusepatternsintheprimarystudyareanorthof72ndStreet,andwith existingandevolvinglanduseintheareaeastoftheprojectsite.Although PhaseIoftheprojectwouldbemarkedlydifferentincharacterfromthepre-dominantlyindustrial/commercialareasouthof59thStreet,becauseofthedis-tancebetweenthenorthernhalfoftheprojectsiteandthisarea,therewould nolanduseimpact.PhaseIoftheproposedprojectwouldl i k e w ~ s ebeconsis-tentwithlanduseinthe ,northernandcentralportionsofthesecondarystudy area,anddistantenoughfromClintoninthesouthernpartofthesecondary studyareatosubstantiallyreduceanypotentiallanduseimpacts. LikePhaseI,theresidentialandopenspacecomponentsofPhaseIIofthe proposedprojectwouldbeconsistentwiththeresidentialneighborhoodnorthof 72ndStreetandwiththeexistingandproposeddevelopmenteastoftheproject siteintheprimarystudyarea.Thestudiocomplexwouldbeinkeepingwith theestablishedfilm/video/televisionusesthatarelocatedthroughoutthesub-areasouthof59thStreet.Theproposedprojectisnotexpectedtoaffectland usetrendsinthesecondarystudyarea,whichisgenerallyfullybuilt-upand relativelydistantfromtheprojectsite. S-15 Theextensionofthecitystreetgridtotheprojectsiteandthecreation ofthewaterfrontparkwouldprovidelinkagestothesurroundingneighborhoods thatdonotnowexistandwouldendtheisolationoftheprojectsitefrom thoseneighborhoods. Therewouldbenosignificantadverselanduseimpacts. PopulationandHousingDensity WiththecompletionofPhaseIoftheproposedproject,theprojectsite wouldhave110personsperacrecomparedwith167personsperacreinthestudy area.Housingdensitywouldbe55unitsperacreontheprojectsiteand113 unitsperacreinthestudyarea. In2002,withcompletionofPhaseIIoftheproposedproject,therewould be182personsand122unitsperacreinthestudyareaand202personsand102\ dwellingunitsperacreontheprojectsite. Zoning TheprojectsitewouldberezonedasRIOInfillaspartoftheproposed project,exceptforthestudiocomplexsitewhereanexistingC4-7district wouldbeexpandedtocovertheentireparcel.AportionofParcelIwouldbe zonedC4-2F.ExceptfortheRiversideDrivefrontageextending75feettothe eastonParcelsC-D,E-F,I,andJ-K,aC2-5overlaywouldcovermostofP a r ~ celsA-K . Thewaterfrontparkwouldbemappedaspublicparkland(includingthe uplandareaandatotalof49.6acresofunderwaterlandalongtheproject site'sshoreline-- 18.5acresbelongingtothedeveloperand31.1acresowned bythecity).TheareaeastofFreedomPlaceSouthatabout62ndStreetwould bemappedasapublicaccesseasement.Inaddition,thenorthernhalfofthe marinetransferstationat59thStreet,currentlyanonconforminguseinaC-3 zone,wouldbezonedM2-3,togivetheentiremarinetransferstationasingle conformingdesignation. Theproposedresidentialzoningwouldbeconsistentwiththemedium- to high-densityresidentialzoninginthenorthernportionofthestudyarea, partsofLincolnSquare,andClinton.Thecommercialzoningonthestudiopar-celatthesouthernendoftheprojectsite wouldechozoningfoundinpartsof Clinton,alongBroadwayinLincolnSquare,intheColumbusCirclearea,andon theEighthAvenueblockfrontinClinton.Thecurrentand-proposedzoningwould beinconsistentwiththelow-densitymanufacturingzonesmappedsouthof59th ~ t r e e t ,westofTenthAvenue. DeaographicsandthePotentialforSecondaryResidentialDisplace.ent Theprojectwouldcontainamixofmarket-rateandaffordableunits.At least10percentandasmuchas20percentofthetotalnumberofhousingunits wouldbedevelopedasaffordablehousing . S-16 Theprecisebreakdownofaffordablehousingunitsbetweenlow-,moderate-,and middle-incomeunitshasnotyetbeenestablished.Sincehouseholdsizetends tobeinverselyproportionalwithincome,tomaximizeprojectpopulationand thereforepotentialimpacts,theEISanalysisassumesanSO-20mix,withallof theaffordableunitsbeinglow-income.Forschoolanalysispurposes(seesec-tionon"CommunityFacilitiesandServices"),alternativemixesareanalyzed. Basedonahouseholdsizeof1.S5personspermarket-rateunit(consistent withfiguresfromBatteryParkCity)and2.56personsperaffordableunit(con-sistentwithCensusTractlSI,whichcontainstheAmsterdamHouses),theesti-mated3,100unitstobedevelopedinPhaseIoftheproposedprojectwould generateapproximately6,200newresidents,a6.6percentincreaseover1997 conditionswithouttheproject.PhaseIIdevelopmentofanadditional2,600 unitswouldyieldanestimated5,150newresidents,foraproject-generated totalofapproximately11,350residents.Overall,conservativelyassumingthat allofthesenewprojectresidentswouldbenewresidentsforthestudyarea, thiswouldrepresentanincreaseof11.6percentoverthepopulationthatwould existin2002withouttheproject.Residentsofthesemarket-rateunitswould beexpectedtoberelativelyaffluent,predominantlybetween24and64years old,employedinmanagerialandprofessionalpositions,andconsistentwiththe area'sexistingcharacteranddemographictrendsevolvingintheareaoverthe past20y e ~ r s .Residentsoftheaffordableunitswouldbeofalowerincome andlikelytocontainahigherproportionofchildrenthantheresidentsof the market-rateunits.Theprovisionofaffordableunitswoulddiversitytheproj-ect'spopulation,makingit moreconsistentwiththeoverallpopulationcompo-sitionofthestudyarea . Theprojectwouldacceleratedisplacementpressuresforresidentsofnon-rent-regulatedapartmentsandresidentsofsingle-room-occupancy(SRO)dwell-ingsintheportionofthestudyareabetween59thand72ndStreets,westof AmsterdamAvenue.Thispopulation,estimatedat960residents,isconcentrated intheblocksbetween70thand72ndStreetswestofAmsterdamAvenue.Dis-placementimpactsbeyondthisimmediateareathatcouldbeattributedtothe proposedprojectwouldbelimitedbypre-existingneighborhoodtrends,which have,overtime,reducedthestudyareapopulationmostvulnerabletodisplace-ment,andbyongoingmarketpressuresthatwillcontinuetoaffecttenantsin theareainthefuturewithouttheproject. Theinclusionofaffordablehousingon-sitewouldprovideameasureof\ relieftotheincreaseddisplacementpressureandmayprovidehousingoppor-tunitiesforthosepersonswhowouldexperienceaccelerateddisplacementpres-suresasaresultoftheproposedproject. CommunityFacilitiesandServices Theproposedproj ectwouldaddapproximately11,350newresidentsandmoreI than6,SOOnewworkerstotheprojectsiteand,consequently,wouldgenerate additionaldemandonlocalcommunityfacilitiesandservices. Theprojectwouldalsoprovideabout163,400squarefeetofprofessional officespace,muchofwhichwouldlikelybeusedformedicaloffices.Basedon agreementsreachedwiththeManhattanBoroughPresident'soffice,theproject S-17 \ iscommittedtoacommunityservicesmarketinggoal,underwhichtheproject wouldseektoleasespacetopublicornot-for-profitentitiesprovidinglocal/ neighborhoodfacilitiesasdefinedinNewYorkCity'sfairsharecriteriafor thelocationofcommunityfacilities.Amongthetypesoffacilitieseligible forthisspacewouldbedaycarecenters,seniorcenters,firestations,police precincts,localhealthcenters,etc. PoliceandFire Accordingtothepolicedepartment,newdevelopmentdoesnotalwaystrans-lateintoautomaticincreasesindemand-forpoliceservices,sinceincreased developmentandthelevelofattendantactivityinanareaoftenleadstode-creasinglevelsofcriminalactivity.Thedevelopmentoftheproposedproject wouldbringpedestrianactivityatalltimesoftheday,whichwouldenhance thesenseofsecurityonandnearthecurrentlyisolatedprojectsite.Any decisiontoallocateadditionalpersonneltothe20thPrecinctasaresultof theproposedprojectwouldonlybedeterminedaftertheactualeffectofthe projectonservicedemandsisdeterminedandwouldrequireashiftofpersonnel withinthepolicedepartmentratherthanthehiringofnewofficers. TheFireDepartmenthasindicatedthatit hassufficientresourcesto servetheproposeddevelopmentandsurroundingareas. PublicSchools Forpurposesofestimatingdemandforpublicschoolspace,twoscenarios havebeenanalyzed.Thefirstscenarioassumesaunitmixof90percentmar-ket-rateunitsand10percentlow-incomeunits.Underthisscenario,atfull development,theproposedprojectwouldgenerateatotalof726publicschool studentsby2002.Ofthese,400studentswouldbegeneratedinPhaseI(210 elementary,124intermediate,and66highschoolstudents)and326inPhaseII (171elementary,100intermediate,and55highschoolstudents).Thesecond scenarioassumesaunitmixwith80percentmarket-rate,10percentlow-income, 5percentmoderate-income,and5percentmiddle-incomeunits.Underthissce-nario,atfullbuildtheprojectwouldgenerateatotalof844publicschool studentsby2002.Ofthese,463studentswouldbegeneratedinPhaseI(236 elementary,140intermediate,and87highschool)and381studentsinPhaseII (194elementary,116intermediate,and71highschool). PhaseI-- 1997 WhiletherewouldbeoverallcapacityatelementaryschoolswithinSchool District3in1997,undereitherschoolscenario,elementaryschoolstudents generatedbyPhaseIdevelopmentwouldexacerbateovercrowdedconditionsat catchmentareaschools(P.S.191andP.S.199)whereutilization wouldalready bepushedtomorethan100percentofcapacitybystudentsgeneratedby1997No Buildprojectsandgeneralbackgroundgrowth.Thiswouldbeasignificantimp-actonpublicelementaryschoolresources.Theprojectedovercrowdingatthe twoelementaryschoolsservingtheprojectareacouldbepotentiallymitigated byimplementingacombinationofadministrativemeasures,includingmovingthe magnetintermediateschoolprogramsfromoneoftheelementaryschoolstoan-otherunderutilizedelementaryormiddleschoolinthedistrict;consolidating S-18 orrelocatingadministrativeusesfromschools,freeingspaceforeithermagnet programsorsomeofthenewstudents;shiftinggradesfromP.S.191andP.S. 199tounderutilizedschoolswithinthedistrict;andrentingschoolspaceto beconstructedwithinthedevelopment,eitherwithinaproposedstructureorin asmall,free-standingmini-school.Asyet,noneofthesemeasureshasbeen approvedbytheBoardofEducation.If noneoftheseinitiativesistaken,the proposedprojectwouldresultinasignificantunmitigatedelementaryschool seatimpact. TheprospectivereopeningofJ.H.S.88onWest114thStreetandadminis-trativeactionsonthepartofschoolboard3,includingconvertingallmiddle schoolsinthedistricttofreechoiceschools,wouldcreatesufficientcapaci-tyatdistrictintermediateschoolstoaccommodatestudentsgeneratedby1997 NoBuil