The development of farming was so AWESOME its considered a
REVOLUTION! The Neolithic Revolution ?
Slide 5
1st Farming Domestication of animals soooo Sturdier shelters /
homes Steady food supply then Larger population Special skills
different jobs trade!
Slide 6
ivilizations! Cities Central government Religion Social &
economic classes Arts & architecture Writing omplex
culture!
Slide 7
?????
Slide 8
Farming and domestication of animals led to what?
Slide 9
Shelters, steady food supply, larger population &
specialized skills
Slide 10
What happened during the Neolithic Revolution?
Slide 11
Agriculture was developed.
Slide 12
List 5 traits of civilizations?
Slide 13
Surplus of food leads to trade Cities Division of labor
different types of jobs Organized institutions govt, religion
System of written communication cuneiform, hieroglyphics,
Sanskrit
Slide 14
The Epic of Gilgamesh
Slide 15
what it is epic what its not So what? context
Slide 16
Slide 17
Why would anyone wish to build a civilization in the middle of
the desert in what is now lower Iraq ?
Slide 18
Slide 19
Slide 20
Rocky deserts cover 40% of the land 30% is mountainous with
bitter cold winters The South is marshy and damp Why would anyone
want to live there?
Slide 21
Because... Most people in ancient Mesopotamia and in modern day
Iraq live near the Tigris & Euphrates rivers in the Fertile
Crescent!
Slide 22
Civilization began in an area known as the Fertile Crescent.
Located near the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea to the
Persian Gulf Rich soil shaped like crescent Eastern section between
Tigris & Euphrates = Mesopotamia land between two rivers
Western section = Mediterranean Sumerian, Babylonia, Phoenician
& Egyptian cultures evolved here
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
Slide 26
Slide 27
BUT... the Tigris & Euphrates rivers FLOODED! Even though
floods were good for soil they could be
Slide 28
Soooo... what did people do?
Slide 29
Why did they need teamwork?
Slide 30
Did you know... There are carp in the rivers of Iraq (ancient
Mesopotamia) that get to be 300 pounds Shark swim in from the
Persian Gulf
Slide 31
all early civilizations developed along major rivers river
valleys were ideal locations for civilizations to arise since they
provided important resources (such was water, food, and fertile
soil), natural trade/transportation routes, and, in some cases a
natural defense against attacks
Slide 32
rivers could be dangerous in times of flooding and that
civilizations had to take measures to control flooding and/or
lessen the severity of the impact in spite of these attempts to
control flooding, early civilizations often suffered devastating
losses
Slide 33
?????
Slide 34
Why did ancient peoples settle along rivers?
Slide 35
They provided important resources (such was water, food, and
fertile soil), natural trade/transportation routes, and, in some
cases a natural defense against attacks.
Slide 36
What is ancient Mesopotamia called now?
Slide 37
IRAQ
Slide 38
The Fertile Crescent is between what 2 rivers?
Slide 39
Tigris and Euphrates
Slide 40
Why were rivers often dangerous during ancient times?
Slide 41
Unpredictable flooding
Slide 42
Whats the name for land between 2 rivers?
Slide 43
Mesopotamia
Slide 44
What civilizations began in Mesopotamia?
Slide 45
Sumerian, Babylonia, Phoenician & Egyptian
Slide 46
Where was Mesopotamia?
Slide 47
near the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian
Gulf
Slide 48
Slide 49
Slide 50
societies were divided into hierarchies of labor development of
government - particularly law codes (Hammurabis Code) ziggurats,
pyramids, temples were examples of architecture
Slide 51
Slide 52
writing systems included pictographs and symbols (hieroglyphics
& cuneiform) the religious systems were often connected to
nature architecture was related to religion and defense (ziggurats
& pyramids)
Slide 53
Slide 54
The SUMERIANS
Slide 55
The umerians had the first civilization in ancient Mesopotamia
about 3000 B.C. Sumer was a series of city-states? WHAT did you
think a CITY-STATE was? The first type of writing CUNIEFORM began
in umer
Slide 56
Slide 57
Sumerians 1 st people in Fertile Crescent 3500 2000 BC(BCE =
before common era) Farmed & raised cattle Traders & artists
Built temples & monuments called ziggurats Cuneiform =
wedge-shaped Studied science & math & developed calendar
Army used complex weapons made of metal
Slide 58
what it is scribe what its not So what? context
Slide 59
What did you learn about Sumer in your reading?
Slide 60
Sumerians 1)Cities were walled out of mud bricks 2)Most
Sumerians were peasants or farmers 3)They built large temples
(ziggurats) to worships their gods & goddesses (deities) 4)They
had social classes The rulerPriests & soldiers Scribes,
merchants & craftsworkers
Slide 61
The Ziggurat of UR
Slide 62
About 1000 years later...
Slide 63
The BABYLONIANS came into the picture!
Slide 64
Slide 65
Babylon became an empire under Nebuchadnezzar II.
Slide 66
Babylonians Babylon located on Euphrates River capital &
impt center for trade & religion Hammurabis Code (1792 1750 BC)
Believed in astrology led to astronomy = study of universe
Slide 67
Babylonian king - Hammurabi
Slide 68
Hammurabi 1)Hammurabi came up with the first set of laws 2)He
believed in an eye for an eye 3)He was the first to CODIFY a set of
laws 4)Hammurabi put the 282 laws he collected from across his
empire on stone pillars and placed them everywhere! HEY! If you
dont know about a law and you break it can you still get in
trouble?
Slide 69
what it is codify what its not So what? context
Slide 70
Then what happened?
Slide 71
The Persians came to town!
Slide 72
What did you learn about the Persians in your reading?
Slide 73
What you should have learned 1)Power in the city-states changed
alot 2)Weak kings bit the dust!! 3)Cyrus the Great of Persia
created a humungous empire when Iran is now 4)Cyrus was a JUST
ruler!
Slide 74
Some more stuff you should have learned 1)Darius took command
after Cyrus 2)He enlarged the empire to reach from Europe to India!
Holla! 3)Darius set up a centralized government & organized
into satrapies how is that like the United States? 4)The ROYAL
ARMY, paid for with taxes, protected the empire
