RITICAL HINKING KILLS Relying on Reason355f5fff485fd0bd834f-ee8d35f23e0ceb27c81bace1301421dd.r93.cf… · 3. You can buy good bugs for your garden. 4. Butterflies are the prettiest

A TEACHING RESOURCE FROM...

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Relying onReason

REM 202E

©1983, 2000, 2001

AUTHOR / ILLUSTRATOR

Ellie Weiler

C R I T I C A L T H I N K I N G S K I L L S

Relying On Reason 30 ©Remedia Publications

THE CRITICAL THINKING SERIESF R O M R E M E D I A P U B L I C A T I O N S

201A .......................................................... Analogies201B ................................................... Classification201C .......................................................Absurdities201D ............................ Similarities & Differences201E .......................................................... Sequence

202A.......................................... Drawing Solutions202B ....................................................... Using Logic202C ................................................... Finding Facts202D ...................................... Following Directions202E .......................................... Relying on Reason

203A....................................................... Knowledge203B .............................................. Comprehension203C .......................................................Application203D ............................................................. Analysis203E .......................................................... Synthesis203F ........................................................ Evaluation

This collection of activities covers five major areas of reasoning skills-analyzingreal and make-believe, inferring, distinguishing between fact and opinion, makingassumptions, and determining cause and effect.

Since these activities involve an abstract level of thinking, after introducing theconcept it might be necessary to go through one or two activities with the entiregroup. This would make it possible to reinforce the concepts and to be sure a goodunderstanding exists before they continue independently.

You will find this book to be an effective teaching tool for many ages andreadability levels. Based on Bloom’s Taxonomy of thinking skills, it is suitable for grades3-6. Readability is approximately at the 3rd-4th grade level. (Keep in mind thatreadability scales, though useful, are guidelines only. They cannot measure everyfactor affecting readability, such as sentence structure or appeal to the reader. Also,scales can differ from each other in the results they yield).

Although an answer key is provided, it is entirely possible that students may havevery valid reasons for choosing a different answer than what is in the key. Any answerthey can explain in a logical manner should be accepted.

All activities are reproducible for use in a variety of teaching, practice, andreinforcement situations. They are appropriate for whole class, small group, orindividual use. Oral discussion of the work as it is completed will increase the level ofstudent understanding.

INTRODUCTION

©Remedia Publications 1 Relying On Reason

Name ________________________________________REAL/MAKE-BELIEVE








Name ________________________________________INFERENCE


Name ________________________________________INFERENCE

Read each short story. Look at the pictures below each one.

Which DO NOT fit with the story? Cross them out.

Susie and Hoozie were in Brown’s Pet Store. They needed to get some food forSusie’s fish and a new wheel for Hoozie’s hamster. They enjoyed talking to Ms.Brown about the animals in the store.

Teddy and Betty were playing in the snow. They made a little house using blocksof snow. They threw snowballs at an old tin can. After awhile they went inside toget warm.

The swimming pool was full of laughing children. They played tag in the water.They had races from one end to the other. It felt great on such a hot day.

Tim was making a poster for the book sale at school. His class had brought lotsof books. They wanted everyone to know about the sale.


Name ________________________________________INFERENCE


Name ________________________________________INFERENCE

Draw a face to show each feeling.


Name ________________________________________FACT/OPINION




Name ________________________________________

Good Bugs, Bad Bugs

Decide if each sentence is a fact (true statement) or anopinion (statement that tells what someone thinks). Circlethe letter under the correct category.

1. Some insects are helpful to us.

2. Ladybugs eat harmful insects.

3. You can buy good bugs for your garden.

4. Butterflies are the prettiest bugs.

5. Grasshoppers can ruin a vegetable crop.

6. Worms improve garden soil.

7. Insects are scary.

8. Termites can eat wood houses.

9. Praying mantises look intelligent.

10. People shouldn’t step on ants.

11. Boll weevils destroy cotton crops.

Fact

T

H

J

F

S

N

M

U

Y

R

S

Opinion

V

P

C

D

I

K

G

W

E

O

A

___ ___ ___ ___ 3 8 5 1 1 2 9 7 10 10 4 10 6 9 5

___ ___ ___ ______ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

To find out, write the letters you circled above on the matching numbered lines below.

Bonus: Write about what you might find if you dug into dirt where you live.

If you had a garden, what kind of bugs would you like to have in it?










Name ________________________________________ASSUMPTIONS








Name ________________________________________CAUSE AND EFFECT









In each space below are two pictures. One would cause an effect on the other.

Circle the box showing the cause.

On the lines, write what EFFECT it would have on the other object.


Name ________________________________________RELYING ON REASON

The riddles below will get you thinking in different directions.Use the word box at the bottom.

1. What has a neck but no head __________________________________________

2. What has a shoulder but no arms? _____________________________________

3. What has 3 feet but no legs? __________________________________________

4. What has ears but can’t hear? _________________________________________

5. What has a tongue but can’t speak? ____________________________________

6. What has eyes but cannot see? ________________________________________

7. What has hands but no fingers? _______________________________________

8. What has a back and arms but no shoulders? ____________________________

9. What has four legs but only one foot? __________________________________

10. What has fingers but no toes? _________________________________________

11. What has teeth but cannot chew? _____________________________________

12. What has a nose but cannot smell? _____________________________________

shoe bottle glove clock yardstick chair

bed potato corn road airplane comb


Name ________________________________________

Following a plan often helps you solve a problem.

Here’s the problem:• Sammy has a collection of trading cards.• He has more than 60 cards but less than 80.• The two digits in the number of cards he has are 1 apart.• The sum of the two digits is less than 12.• How many cards does Sammy have?

Here’s the plan to solve this problem:

Step 1: List the possibilities (numbers between 60 and 80)

61 ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 70

71 ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 80

Step 2: Circle all the numbers with digits that are 1 number apart.

Step 3: Which circled numbers above, have digits that add up to less than

12? _______ How many trading cards does Sammy have?___________

Use the same kind of plan to solve this problem.

• The number of students in Room 11 is less than 35, but more than 20.• It is an even number.• The ones digit is 4 more than the tens digit.• How many students are in Room 11?

Step 1: (List possibilities) ____, ____, ____, ____, ____, ____, ____, ____,

____, ____, ____, ____, ____, ____, ____, ____, ____, ____, ____,

Step 2: (Circle choices)

Step 3: (Check digits in ones and tens)

How many students are in Room 11? _____________________________

RELYING ON REASON


Name ________________________________________RELYING ON REASON

Which words will do the job?

Read the sentence in each box. Circle the words that work.

Words that could tell how a car looks.

long tires dirty shiny drive

dark brown honk expensive large

Words that tell things you can hear.

dog paint bell horn frog

dark bird letter smile noise

Words that tell how you could feel.

silly pleased after frightened away

brave bumpy cold thanks sorry

Words that tell about time.

day early washed worried now

forever seat past hand coming

Words that tell ways you could move.

under slowly thinking beside messy

into large above around small


Name ________________________________________

Use your good sense and the sense of the sentence to find the meaningsof the underlined phrases. There may be more than one that makessense. Put an X in front of those that DO NOT make sense.

1. Sally looked at her math test. “I’ll sail right through this,” she said.

_____ find this test very easy

_____ write the answers on a boat

_____ finish this quickly

2. Blake said, “If I can line up nine players, we could play baseball.”

_____ draw a straight line

_____ get together

_____ try to find

3. If we put our heads together, we can solve this mystery.

_____ share our ideas

_____ sit very close together

_____ sit down and think together

4. Jeff jumped at the chance to earn some extra money.

_____ was quick to say yes

_____ jumped up and down

_____ was glad to do it

5. The game was very exciting to watch because the teams were all tied up.

_____ the players can’t move

_____ the score is the same

_____ neither team is ahead

RELYING ON REASON


Name ________________________________________

Words give us information. What do the underlined words in thefollowing sentences tell you? Read each sentence carefully. Circle yourchoice from the words following the sentences.

1. I’ll be ready in half an hour. when where how

2. We’ll talk about this after dinner. when where how

3. The children walked quietly in the hall. when where how

4. Every morning we meet on the playground. when where how

5. The squirrel ran up the tree. when where how

6. She answered the question carefully. when where how

7. We are expecting rain today. when where how

8. Hang your jacket on the hook. when where how

Finish these sentences. Use whenwhenwhenwhenwhen, wherwherwherwherwhereeeee, and hohohohohow w w w w words or phrases.

when The girls went into the store ______________________________________.

where The girls went into the store ______________________________________.

how The girls went into the store ______________________________________.

RELYING ON REASON

Answer Key


PG 1: 1) M 2) M 3) R 4) M 5) R 6) R 7) M 8) R 9) M10) R 11) R 12)M

PG 2: 1) M 2) R 3) R 4) M 5) R 6) M 7) M 8) R 9) R10) M

PG 3: Answers will vary.

PG 4: Drawings will vary.


PG 6: 1) flower 2) sled 3) horn 4) apple

PG 7: 1) It looked like a storm was coming. 2) He didn’thave enough money saved yet. 3) rake leaves/He didn’t like raking leaves. or He wanted towatch TV.

PG 8: Happy:1, 4, 5 Afraid: 2, 6 Sad: 3, 6 Excited:

3, 5

PG 9: 1) quack 2) fudge 3) split 4) book 5) broom6) quick

PG 10: 1) F 2) O 3) O 4) F 5) F 6) O 7) O 8) F 9) O10) O 11) F 12) O

PG 11: 1) T 2) H 3) J 4) D 5) S 6) N 7) G 8) U 9) E10) O 11) S “Just the good ones”

PG 12~13: Answers will vary.

PG 14: 6 orange, 9 green.

PG 15: A) O B) F C) O D) F E) O F) O G) F

PG 16: 1) cold 2) a good time/fun 3) grow 4) awful/sick5) angry/mad 6) they will read it/answer it 7) behappy/cheer 8) inflate/get big 9) break 10) waterwill come out

PG 17: 1) for lunch 2) tomorrow 3) red uniform 4) 18,first day of Spring 5) pretty 6) she has read 12books 7) got a T-shirt 8) has $13.00 more thanshe needs 9) lost the game


PG 19: 4, 2, 7,1, 6, 3, 9, 5, 8

PG 20: 1) Cause: dropped his ice creamEffect: little boy started crying

2) Cause: wings got wetEffect: bee could not fly

3) Cause: squirrel was hungryEffect: was looking for food

4) Cause: clowns did tricksEffect: everyone laughed

5) Cause: wanted to pick berriesEffect: took a basket with her

PG 21: 1) B 2) A 3) A 4) B 5) B

PG 22: Questions will vary.

PG 23: 1) d 2) g 3) a 4) h 5) b 6) c 7) f 8) aAnswers will vary in second part of activity.

PG 24: ball — A ball can cause a window to break.sun — The sun can cause a popsicle to melt.thermometer — Cold temperatures can

cause snow.pin — A pin can cause a balloon to pop.scissors — Scissors can cause hair to be cut.

PG 25: 1) bottle 2) road 3) yardstick 4) corn 5) shoe6) potato 7) clock 8) chair 9) bed 10) glove11) comb 12) airplane

PG 26: Problem 1: 65,65 Problem 2: 26

PG 27: Box 1: long, dirty, shiny, dark, brown,expensive, largeBox 2: dog, bell, horn, frog, bird, noiseBox 3: silly, pleased, frightened, brave, cold,sorryBox 4: day, early, now, forever, past, comingBox 5: under, slowly, beside, into, above,around

PG 28: 1) 2 2) 1 3) 2 4) 2 5) 1

PG 29: 1) when 2) when 3) how 4) where 5) where6) how 7) when 8) where Answers will vary.

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RITICAL HINKING KILLS Relying on Reason355f5fff485fd0bd834f-ee8d35f23e0ceb27c81bace1301421dd.r93.cf… · 3. You can buy good bugs for your garden. 4. Butterflies are the prettiest