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HVDC light technology

BYRINKESH GONAWALA

04/08/2023

H V D C L I G H T T E C H N O L O G Y 1

C O E , S H A H A D A

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C O E , S H A H A D A

• Transmitting power at high voltage and in DC form instead of AC is a new technology proven to be economic and simple in operation which is HVDC transmission.

• HVDC light is a fundamentally new power transmission technology developed recently.

• It suitable for medium to small-scale power transmission applications.

• There is little incentive for putting high voltage lines underground particularly when the network service provider is predominantly driven by cost to provide performance-based transmission services at a competitive price.

INTRODUCTION

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• HVDC light is a high voltage, direct current transmission technology i.E., Transmission up to 330MW and for dc voltage in the ± 150kv range.

• It consists of two ac to dc converter stations and a pair of underground cables interconnecting each converter station.

HVDC LIGHT TECHNOLOGY

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• The converter stations are designed to be unmanned and virtually maintenance-free.

• This technology provides the hvdc light converter with a switching speed 27 times faster than a traditional hvdc, thyristor controlled converter.

• HVDC light® is HVDC technology based on voltage source converters (vscs). With extruded DC cables, power ratings from a few tens of megawatts up to several hundreds of megawatts are available.

LAYOUT OF A 330MW HVDC LIGHT CONVERTER

STATION

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TECHNICAL FEATURES

• Ad v a n t a g e o u s f o r l o n g d i s t a n c e c a b l e t r a n s m i s s i o n .

• Po w e r re v e r s a l w i t h o u t i n t e r r u p t i o n .• C a n s t a r t u p d e a d a c n e t w o r k .• N o i n c re a s e o f s h o r t c i r c u i t c u r re n t .• E q u a l o r l o n g e r s e r v i c e l i f e t h a n

x l p e a c c a b l e s .

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TRANSMISSION TECHNIQUE

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1. Classic HVDC2. HVDC light

HVDC Light main circuit Classical HVDC main circuit

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HVDC light:• HVDC light is a state-of-the-art power system designed

to transmit power underground and under water, also over long distances.

• It offers numerous environmental benefits , including “invisible” power lines, neutral electromagnetic fields, oil-free cables and compact converter stations.

• The converter stations are designed to be unmanned and virtually maintenance-freeThe Classic HVDC Transmission:

• The HVDC technology (High Voltage Direct Current) is used to transmit electricity over long distances by overhead transmission lines or submarine cables. It is also used to interconnect separate power systems, where traditional alternating current (AC) connections can not be used. ABB pioneered the HVDC technology and is the undisputed world leader in the HVDC field.

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Function Classical HVDC HVDC Light

Converter valves Thyristor IGBTConnection valve - AC grid

Converter transformer

Series reactor (+ transformer)

Filtering and reactive compensation

50% in filters and shuntcapacitors

Only small filter

DC current smoothing

Smoothing reactor + DC filter

DC capacitor

Telecom between converter station controls

Needed Not needed

Differences between HVDC Light and classic HVDC

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• DC underground cables provided significant advantages ,compared with over head power lines.

• The cables are operated in bipolar mode. One cable with positive polarity and one cable with negative polarity

• The strength and flexibility make the HVDC light cables perfect for severe installation

• The submarine cables can be laid in deeper waters and on rough bottoms.

• The rough cables can be install less costly with ploughing technique .

• HVDC cables can now also go also with aerial cables .

HVDC light cables

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LAND cables: SUBMARINE cables:

ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY

M a g n e t i c fi e l d s a re e l i m i n a t e d s i n c e H V D C l i g h t c a b l e s a re l a i d i n p a i r s w i t h a n t i - p a r a l l e l d c c u r re n t s .

R i s k o f o i l s p i l l , a s i n p a p e r- o i l -i n s u l a t e d c a b l e s , i s e l i m i n a t e d .

ADVANTAGES: Re d u c e d e n v i r o n m e n t a l i m p a c t .Fa s t e r a n d e a s i e r i s s u e o f p e r m i t s

u s i n g d c u n d e r g ro u n d c a b l e s . O p e r a t i o n a n d m a i n t e n a n c e c o s t s o f

t h e t r a n s m i s s i o n e a s e m e n t a re v i r t u a l l y e l i m i n a t e d .

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COMPARED WITH AC UNDERGROUND CABLES THE HVDC LIGHT CABLE ALSO HAS SOME SIGNIFICANT

ADVANTAGES TO BE CONSIDERED• D C c a b l e s re q u i re o n l y t w o c a b l e s

b e t w e e n e a c h c o n v e r t e r s t a t i o n .• U n l i ke a c c a b l e s , w h i c h g e n e r a l l y

h a v e a t e c h n i c a l l i m i t o f a ro u n d 1 0 0 k m d u e t o re a c t i v e p o w e r a n d l o s s e s , d c - c a b l e s h a v e n o t e c h n i c a l l i m i t t o d i s t a n c e .

• D c c a b l e s c a n c a r r y u p t o 5 0 % m o re p o w e r t h a n t h e e q u i v a l e n t a c c a b l e .

• D c c a b l e s h a v e a l o n g e r l i f e ex p e c t a n c y t h a n a c c a b l e s d u e t o i t s l o w e r o p e r a t i o n a l s t re s s l e v e l o f a ro u n d 2 0 k v / m m .04/08/2023


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APPLICATIONS• H V D C l i g h t t e c h n o l o g y h a s b e e n

w e l l p ro v e n s i n c e t h e fi r s t s u c c e s s f u l p i l o t i n s t a l l a t i o n i n m a rc h 1 9 7 7 w i t h a n u m b e r o f c o m m e rc i a l p ro j e c t s u n d e r t a ke n a n d i n o p e r a t i o n .

• A p p l i c a t i o n s t o d a t e i n c l u d e c o n n e c t i n g w i n d p o w e r g e n e r a t i o n t o t h e g r i d . T h i s i n c l u d e s g o t l a n d , o ff t h e s w e d i s h m a i n l a n d , t r a n s m i t t i n g 5 0 M W b a c k o n t o t h e g r i d .

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SOME HVDC LIGHT APPLICATION• Underground power links• Connecting wind farms• Powering island and remote load• Interconnecting network• City center in feed• Oil and gas offshore platforms• Multiterminal HVDC light grid

Truck transport of HVDC light

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HVDC light converter technology

• The key part of the HVDC Light converter consists of an IGBT valve bridge. No special converter transformers are necessary between the valve bridge and the AC-grid. A converter reactor can separate the fundamental frequency from the raw PWM waveform. If the desired DC voltage does not match the AC system voltage, a normal AC transformer may be used in addition to the reactor. A small shunt AC-filter is placed on the AC-side of the reactor. On the DC-side there is a DC capacitor that serves as a DC filter too.

TYPICAL LAYOUT OF HVDC SUBSTATION

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HVDC light project Europe

Hällsjön, Sweden,1997 -Hallsjon-Grängesberg(1st testing project)

Gotland HVDC Light, Sweden,1999

-Nas-backs (1st HVDC commercial project)

Estlink, Estonia - Finland - Harku, Estonia

Tjaereborg HVDC Light, DenmarTjaereborg substation

-Tjaereborg Enge-Tjaereborg substation

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Reference project Oceania :

Murraylink HVDC Light, Australia

-Berri-Red Cliffs, Vic

Terranora interconnector, Australia

-Bungalora- Mullumbimby

Reference project north America :

Cross Sound Cable, USA -Shoreham, NY-New Haven, NH

SOME LATEST HVDC LIGHT PROJECT

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(IN PROGRESS)

Year Project MW Remarks

2013 Dolwin1 HVDC light, Germany 800 ±320 kv HVDClight cable

2012 East west interconnector, Ierland-UK 500 ± 200kv HVDC light cable

2010 Valhal ofshore ,Norway 78 ---

2010 Caprivi link interconnector, Namibia 300 HVDC light overhead line

2010 BorWin1 Germany 3000 offshore wind power

GOTLAND: THE FIRST COMMERCIAL HVDC LIGHT PROJECT

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The Näs HVDC Light Converter station. BACKS HVDC station

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Google earth image of Gotland commercial project

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Main dataCommissioning year: 1999Power rating: 50 MWNo of circuits 1AC Voltage: 80 kV (both ends)DC Voltage: ±80 kV Length of DC submarine cables:

2 x 70 km

Main reason for choosing HVDC Light:

Wind power (voltage support).

Easy to get permission for underground cables.

Gotland HVDC light , Sweden

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DolWin1 HVDC Light, Germany

(will complete in 2013)

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Main dataCommissioning year: 2013Power rating: 800 MW No of circuits: 1AC Voltage: 155 kV (Platform DolWin Alpha),

380 kV (Dörpen/West)DC Voltage: ±320 kVLength of DC submarine cable: 2 x 75 kmLength of DC underground cable: 2 x 90 kmMain reason for choosing HVDC Light:

Length of land and sea cables.

DolWin1 HVDC light , Germany

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Rihand-Delhi, INDIA-1500 MW,1990

Chandrapur – Padghe,INDIA,1500MW,1998

Xiangjiaba-Shanghai,Chaina,6400MW,2010

Hulunbeir-Liaoning,Chaina,3000 MW,2010

ABB HVDC Reference Projects in Asia

CONCLUSIONS• H V D C l i g h t i s a n e w t e c h n o l o g y t h a t

h a s b e e n s p e c i fi c a l l y d e v e l o p e d t o m a t c h t h e r e q u i re m e n t s o f t h e n e w c o m p e t i t i v e e l e c t r i c i t y m a r ke t s .

• I t p ro v i d e s t h e a b i l i t y t o c o n n e c t r e n e w a b l e g e n e r a t i o n t o t h e a c g r i d .

• I t p ro v i d e s a c c u r a t e c o n t ro l o f t h e t r a n s m i t t e d a c t i v e p o w e r a n d i n d e p e n d e n t c o n t r o l o f t h e r e a c t i v e p o w e r i n t h e c o n n e c t e d a c n e t w o r k s .

• A p a i r o f l i g h t w e i g h t d c c a b l e s c a n b e l a i d d i r e c t i n t h e g ro u n d i n a c o s t -e ff e c t i v e w a y w h i c h i s c o m p a r a b l e t o o r l e s s t h a n a c o r re s p o n d i n g t o t a l l i f e c y c l e c o s t o f a c o v e r h e a d l i n e .

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QUESTION TIM

E????

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