RILIS developments and activities during LS1

Presented to

Standing group for the upgrade of the ISOLDE facility

January 28, 2013

By V. Fedosseev

1 The pump laser upgrade1: Change from copper vapour laser (CVL) to commercial Nd:YAG laser Aim: Maintain or improve the dye laser performance whilst increasing the reliability of the overall system.

2 The dye laser upgrade: 3 New state of the art dye lasers to replace the original dye lasers Aim: Improve the dye laser performance, ease of use and reliability, make full use of the capabilities of the new pump laser.

3 Install an independent and complementary Ti:Sa based RILIS laser setup2,3 : 2 pump lasers and 3 Ti:Sa lasers plus harmonic generation units Aim: Extend the tuning range of the RILIS setup to enable access to the large number of ionization schemes developed for Ti:Sa lasers. Reduce switching time between elements to allow for more condensed scheduling of RILIS runs.

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

1 The ISOLDE RILIS pump laser upgrade and the LARIS Laboratory B. Marsh et al: Hyperfine Interactions, Volume 196, Issue 1-3, pp. 129-

141 (2010)

2 A complementary laser system for ISOLDE RILIS S Rothe et al: Journal of Physics: Conference Series 312 (2011) 052020

3 Upgrade of the RILIS at ISOLDE: New lasers and new ion beams V. Fedosseev et al: Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A903 (2012)

The 3 stages of RILIS Upgrade

Dual RILIS Concept

RILIS Dye Laser System GPS/HRS

Target & Ion Source

l – meter Dye 2 SHG

Narrowband Dye

THG Dye 1

Nd:YAG

10 kHz Master clock

RILIS Dye Laser System GPS/HRS

Target & Ion Source

RILIS Ti:Sa Laser System

pA – meter

Faraday cup…

SHG/THG/FHG

l – meter

Ti:Sa 2

l – meter Dye 2 SHG

Narrowband Dye

THG Dye 1

Ti:Sa 1

Ti:Sa 3

Nd:YAG

Nd:YAG

10 kHz Master clock

Delay generator

LabVIEW based DAQ

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Po

we

r, m

W

Wavelength, nm

TiSa FHGDye THGUV-pumped Dye SHGDye SHGTiSa THGTiSa SHGUV-pumped Dye Fundamental

No-gap tuning in the range 205 – 940 nm

Double RILIS tuning curves

90 W Nd:YAG laser is available for non-resonant ionization in

Ti:Sa only schemes

Mixed schemes dye and Ti:Sa are exchangeable

Highest efficiencies New elements

Backup solution

Reduction in down time

Keep one dye set up for future, use Ti:Sa instead

New modes of operation – The Dual RILIS

Prerequisite for dual operation: Temporal synchronization pulses of the two laser systems

Unique for laser ion sources

Dye laser schemes Ti:Sa schemes

Element

Setting time*

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

Efficiency

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

days l1, nm Dye l2, nm Dye/YAG l3, nm Dye/YAG off-line l1, nm Fundamental l2, nm Fundamental l3, nm TiSa/YAG

4Be 3

234.9 Pyridin 1 297.3 Rhod B – >7%

234.9 939.444

12Mg

2

285.2 Rhod 6G 552.8 Fluorescein 27 532.1 YAG

10%

285.2 855.639 552.8 532.1 YAG

13Al

2

309.3 Rhod B 532.1 YAG – 20%

309.3 532.1 –

308.2 Rhod B

308.2

20Ca 2

272.2 ? 532.1 YAG – 0.50%

422.7 845.346 Rhod B DCM

21Sc 2

327.4 Phenox 9 719.8 Pyridin 2 ? 532.1 YAG 15%

327.4 719.8 532.1 YAG

25Mn 3

279.8 Rhod 6G 628.3 DCM 635.8 DCM 19%

279.8 628.3 635.8

27Co

2

304.4 Rhod B 544.5 Fluorescein 27 532.1 YAG

>3.8%

304.4 544.5 532.1 YAG

28Ni 3

305.1 Rhod B 611.1 Rhod B 748.2 Styr 8 >6%

Dye Dye 748.2 TiSA

29Cu 2

327.4 Phenox 9 287.9 Rhod 6G – >7%

327.4 287.9 –

30Zn 3

213.9 DCM 636.2 DCM 532.1 YAG 4.90%

213.9 855.428 636.2 Dye 532.1 YAG

31Ga

2

287.4 Rhod 6G 532.1 YAG – 21%

287.4 532.1 –

294.4 Pyrr 597

294.4

39Y 2

414.3 Styr 9 662.4 Phenox 9 510.6 YAG

414.3 662.4 510.6 YAG

47Ag

2

328.1 Phenox 9 546.6 Fluorescein 27 532.1 YAG

14%

328.1 546.6 532.1 YAG

48Cd 3

228.8 Pyridin 1 643.8 DCM 532.1 YAG 10.40%

228.8 915.208 643.8 Dye 532.1 YAG

49In

2

303.9 Rhod B 532.1 YAG –

303.9 532.1 –

325.6 Phenox 9

325.6

50Sn 4

286.3 Rhod 6G 811.4 Styr 9 823.5 Styr 9 9%

286.3 858.9 811.4 TiSA 823.5 TiSA

51Sb 3

217.6 Phenox 9 560.2 Rhod 6G 532.1 YAG 2.70%

217.6 560.2 532.1 YAG

60Nd

2

588.8 Rhod B or Pyrr

597

596.9 Rhod B 596.9

588.8 596.9 596.9

62Sm 3

600.4 Rhod B 675.2 Phenox 9 676.18 Phenox 9

600.4 675.2 676.18

65Tb

3

579.6 Pyrr 597 551.7 Fluorescein 27 618.3 Rhod B

579.6 551.7 618.3

66Dy 2

625.9 DCM 607.5 Rhod B 532.1 YAG 20%

625.9 607.5 532.1 YAG

70Yb 2

555.6 Pyrr 567 581.0 Rhod 6G 581.0 Rhod 6G 15%

555.6 581.0 581.0

71Lu

573.7 Rhod 6G 642.5 DCM 643.5 DCM

451.9 903.8 460.7 921.4

79Au

5

267.6 Coum 540A 306.5 DCM 673.9 Phenox 9

>3%

267.6 306.5 673.9

80Hg 3

253.7 Styr 8 313.2 DCM 626 DCM

253.7 313.2 626

81Tl 2

276.8 Rhod 110 532.1 YAG – 27%

276.8 532.1 –

82Pb 2

283.3 Rhod 6G 600.2 Rhod B 532.1 YAG >3%

283.3 600.2 532.1 YAG

83Bi

2

306.8 Rhod B 555.2 Fluorescein 27 532.1 YAG

6%

306.8 555.2 532.1 YAG

84Po 4

255.8 Styr 8 843.4 Styr 9 532.1 YAG

255.8 767.403 843.4 TiSA 532.1 YAG

85At 4

216.9 Phenox 9 795.4 Styr 9 532.1 YAG

216.9 867.6 795.4 TiSA 532.1 YAG

224.4 Phenox 9 793.2 ? Styr 9 532.1 YAG

224.4 897.6 793.2 ? TiSA 532.1 YAG

RILIS setup requirements

Ca

Ca

Cd

Cd

Cd Ca

Ca

Be

Be

Mg Mg

Po

Po At

At

Au Zn

Zn

Cu Mn

Mn

Be

Sm

At Au Sm

Sm

Be

Be

Dy

Dy

Mg Mg

Po

Ag

ISOLDE RILIS SCHEDULE 2012

RILIS runs in 2012

Sm

At Au Sm

Sm

Be

Be

Dy

Dy

Mg Mg

Po

Ag

Ca

Ca

Cd

Cd

Cd Ca

Ca

Be

Be

Mg Mg

Po

Po At

At

Au Zn

Zn

Cu Mn

Mn

Be

RILIS highlights 2012

8

Ion beams of 13 elements produced with Dual-RILIS at ISOLDE

Laser Ion Source and Trap: LIST

Suppression of Fr isobars for study Po-217

Sm Ca Cd At Au Be Dy Mg Po Ag Zn Cu Mn

Development of narrow-band Ti:Sa laser - used for high resolution studies of Po, At, Fr, and Au isotopes

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

12452.6 12452.8 12453.0 12453.2 12453.4

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

10 GHz line width

1 GHz line width

197Au

ion s

ignal (a

.u.)

wavenumber (cm-1)

3060 hours of RILIS operation = 319 on-line shifts

RILIS/LARIS projects for LS1

• Installation of a reference cell at RILIS • Improved motorization of Narrow-band TiSa • Ionization of refractory metals

- Study of laser ionization in VADIS cavity

• New and improved RILIS schemes for the Dual RILIS system - According to requests from ISLODE users: Ba, Te, Cr, Er, …

SPECTROSCOPY and IONIZATION SCHEMES

• Extension of RILIS cabin - Enlarged entrance/storage and work area to maximize the useable laser laboratory space

• A dedicated, high power Nd:YVO laser for non resonant ionization - High beam quality industrial laser could significantly improve efficiency for many schemes.

GENERAL RILIS DEVELOPMENTS

• RILIS machine protection system - Installation of a machine protection and monitoring system to reduce reliance on shift-based operation

• Space stabilization of laser beams - Upgrade of existing commercial system to enable active stabilization of 3 beams and UV beams

• GPS laser beam launch - Replacement of prisms by high-reflectivity dielectric mirrors will reduce the losses of laser power in the

beam transport to GPS mass separator

• HRS laser window - Extension tube for window mounting outside the 90o magnet will enable monitoring of window quality

during operation and simplify its replacement

RILIS room extension

254 cm

32

0 c

m

28 m2

6 m2

REX EBIS platform

IS COOLER

100 cm

Required by safety

Existing laser room + SAS

Extended part (SAS)

+ Air ventilation + Emergency exit (?)

• 40W at 10 kHz • 17ns Pulse • Low Jitter • Gaussian beam • Much better transmission efficiency to ion source

Blaze laser test A multi-stage test of a Blaze 532-40-HE diode pumped Nd:YVO4 laser, supplied as a loan by Lumera Laser GmbH, has been performed on 17-18 December 2012.

B. Marsh et al., Stability test of a high quality Nd:YVO industrial laser for the ISOLDE RILIS installation. CERN-ATS-Note-2013-007 TECH

Lumera Blaze 532-40-HE

Photonics

DM60 EdgeWave CX16III-OE

Power @ 532 nm 40 W 60 W 90 W

Pulse length 17 ns 180 ns 10 ns

Jitter < 3 ns < 10 ns 3 ns

M2 1.1 ~ 30 1.3

Beam shape Circular Circular Elliptical with satellites

Laser Laser Power (on table)

Reference beam power in 3 mm

aperture

Transport efficiency

Edgewave 43 W 370 mW 33 %

Blaze 15 W 350 mW 88%

Blaze 40 W 800 mW 76%

Blaze laser versus RILIS lasers

Due to the higher beam quality, the laser power that can be delivered through the 3 mm aperture at the reference point is 2.2 times higher than can be achieved with the Edgewave laser that is currently installed.

Test of Ga ionization: Blaze versus EdgeWave

For each power level of the Blaze laser, a considerable change in the telescope focusing was required to regain optimal efficiency. A likely cause of this effect is thermal lensing due to absorption of the beam at the quartz window of the mass separator.

Power dependent thermal lensing in the beam transport optics is to be eliminated !

HRS laser window Periodic replacement is needed because of contamination of internal surface

In the 90o magnet the window is mounted inside the magnet, a special tool is used to extract it, - very complicated operation

Proposal: To make an extension tube to the HRS chamber for mounting the window outside magnet, as at GPS Easy to inspect, easy to replace

Machine protection/safety

Dye Leak: Fire hazard; laser damage risk

Up to 6 dye circulators each containing up to 3 L of ethanol flowing at 7 L/min.

Water cooling for Ti:Sa crystals. Water cooling network for each dye circulator.

Up to 40 W pump beam focused on dye cell. Almost immediate dye cell damage if dye flow stops.

Dye flow interruption: Fire hazard; laser damage risk

Water leak: Equipment damage risk; electrical safety hazard

Action required: Stop pump lasers, alert the laser operator.

Action required: Block pump beam to dye laser, alert the laser operator.

Action required: Stop pump laser, alert the laser operator.

Non invasive dye flow sensor (ULTRASONIC)

+ Micro-controller and data logger +

Laser beam shutter Flip mirror/ beam dump assembly with controller

+ Pump laser control by Hyper-terminal commands and access to laser operator alert system (LABVIEW based)

Solution to be tested:

Install water leak sensor cables on laser table and RILIS cabin floor

Include sensor data logger in RILIS monitoring system

Organic solvent detector (breathalyzer)

+ Micro-controller and data logger

Inputs

Signal Processing Electronics

Outputs

High PowerDriver

Electronics

Sensor Data and status logged to Network

Variables

Expert User Interface Variables

Expert User Interface LabVIEW Configuration Program for Machine Protection Interlock System

Thresholds & OverridesOperator Phone / Mail

write

Dye Circulator

Motorx5

Safety Shutter

x8

Laser Interlock

Dye Flow Sensor

Alcohol Leak

Detector

Dye Temp. Sensor

x6

x8x8x10

User Alert:E-Mail & Phone

Temporary Override /

Acknowledge Error Message

Error Reset / Arm MP Sys. / Current State

„OK“

RILIS Machine Protection Interlock System(CompactRIO platform)

System Status

Indicator

errorwarningokop override

SpareAnalog Inputs

Spare Digital Inputs

x8x8

Door Interlock

Spare Switching

Relays

x8

x12

read

call

read

The Ethanol based dye laser medium poses a possible fire hazard and a lack of dye flow can result in damage

to the laser cells. Thus, an independently operable and reliable machine protection system is specified to be

capable of:

Constant surveillance of critical parameters, also published to network

Triggering of safety shutters as well as initiating controlled shutdown

Sending alerts and status reports for operators via GSM text messages

Schematic RILIS Machine Protection System overview and operator phone.

RILIS Machine Protection

Under construction in STI-ECE

Piezo-actuators for fast beam displacement

Currently capable of stabilizing up to two visible or IR beams

Laser beam stabilization

Stabilization of high and low frequency beam fluctuations

Commercial system adapted to RILIS conditions

Laser installation at new off-line separator

Implementation plan for building 275

Testing of new ionization schemes

Development of new approaches to laser ion sources

Study of laser – ion interaction in the RF-cooler

RILIS ion beams

•Ion beams of 31 elements are produced at ISOLDE with RILIS

31 elements ionized with RILIS 1 2

H 27 ionization scheme tested (dye or Ti:Sa) He

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Li Be 25 RILIS ionization feasible B C N O F Ne

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe

55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn

87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112

Fr Ra Ac Rf Ha Sg Ns Hs Mt

58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71

Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu

90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr

Recent new beams: Sm, Pr, At, Ca

Requested beam development

RILIS status monitoring

20

Essential RILIS parameters are published to a Labview DSM. All values are accessible from the CERN technical network RILIS monitor display is published to a website for remote monitoring

• Power • Wavelength • Proton current • Reference beam images

https://riliselements.web.cern.ch/riliselements/LASERS/

• Goals – Modular and flexible remote

device monitoring and control

– Operator support in complex “Dual RILIS” supervision

– Self-reliant machine protection

– Future prospect: On-call operation

• Collaborative Data Acquisition ISOLDE Faraday Cups, ISOLTRAP MR-ToF data, Windmill alpha detector, …

• Technology National Instruments LabVIEW and Shared Variable Engine, CERN technical network infrastructure

Remote Monitoring and Control System

Position

Timing

Wavelength

Power

Device Communi- cation and Readout

USB

Power over Ethernet

Device Communi- cation

RS-232

Readout

Ethernet

Data Processing

Software Control

Data Acquisition and Storage

PoE Injector

Ethernet

RS-232

Monitoring Auxiliary Sensor Data

USB

NI Shared Variable Engine

Position

Timing

Power

Wavelength

RS-232

RS-232

Monitoring Control

Auxiliary Software

ISOLDE Ion Beam Current (FESA readout)

PSB Proton Beam Current (FESA readout)

PSB Telegram Synchronization (JAPC readout)

Data Logging

General Status Info & Control RILIS, VISTARS…

Cooling Units Status & Control

USB

By Ralf Rossel

LIST device: LIST assembly:

Ion repeller

LIST was successfully tested with UCx-target -> No loss of performance over 5 days

Suppression of Na-, Al-, K-, Fr-, U-isotopes studied -> Suppression factors varied from 100 to 1000

Laser ionization of radioactive Mg and Po in LIST

Laser ionized 30Mg

Suppressed 26Na, 46K

LIST mode RILIS mode

Fr suppression and laser ionization of Po in LIST First ever LIST on-line physics result: hyperfine structure of 217Po

Ionization and suppression of contaminants by LIST:

Laser Ion Source and Trap (LIST) On-Line at ISOLDE

RF terminals

The Dual Etalon Narrow Linewidth TiSa

Reduction of line-width from >5 GHz <1GHz

Addition of a thick etalon to the TiSa cavity

Remote dual etalon control, automatic optimization routine and feedback based frequency stabilization

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Po

we

r, m

W

Wavelength, nm

Ni 305 nm Dye SHG

611 nm Dye fund

748 nm TiSa fund

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Example of RILIS setup Ni: Dye-Dye-TiSa

Higher power from TiSa for AIS transition

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Po

we

r, m

W

Wavelength, nm

Higher power from TiSa for Step 1

Example of RILIS setup Ca: TiSa-Dye-Dye

Ca 423 nm TiSa SHG

586 nm Dye fund

654 nm Dye fund

Step 1

Step 2 Step 3

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Po

we

r, m

W

Wavelength, nm

Step 3

Example of RILIS setup Mg: Dye-Dye-YAG

Mg 285 nm Dye SHG

553 nm Dye fund

532 nm Nd:YAG SHG

Step 2 Step 1

Only Dye scheme, TiSa is setting up for

next run (Po)

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Po

we

r, m

W

Wavelength, nm

Step 1

Step 3

Step 2

Higher power from TiSa for Step 2

Example of RILIS setup Po: Dye-TiSa-YAG

Po 256 nm Dye THG

843 nm TiSa fund

532 nm Nd:YAG SHG

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Po

we

r, m

W

Wavelength, nm

Example of RILIS setup At: Dye-TiSa-YAG

At 216 nm Dye THG

795 nm TiSa fund

532 nm Nd:YAG SHG

Step 1

Step 2 Step 3

Higher power from TiSa for Step 2

Dye and TiSa exchangeable for Step 1

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Po

we

r, m

W

Wavelength, nm

Example of RILIS setup Au: TiSa-Dye-Dye

Au 268 nm TiSa THG

306 nm Dye SHG

674 nm Dye fund

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Higher power from TiSa for Step 1

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Ho

urs

1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

Year

Beam Sm 2 runs

Ca 2 runs

Cd At 2 runs

Au 2 runs

Be 3 runs

Dy Mg 4 runs

Po 2 runs

Ag 2 runs

Zn Cu Mn

Planned 208 272 192 300 172 446 88 296 206 96 198 112 148

Real 212 359 253 345 262 278 111 378 206 113 124 69 208

Ion beams of 13 elements were produced with RILIS in 2012

Availability of two complementary laser systems (Dye and Ti:Sapphire) has ensured the increase of RILIS beam time in 2011-2012

RILIS operation in 1994-2012

3060 h lasers ON

319 on-line shifts

RILIS operators:

2 CERN stuff members: Bruce Marsh, Valentin Fedosseev 2 CERN fellow: Sebastian Rothe, Tom Day Goodacre (contracts started 1.10.2012) 1 PhD student: Daniel Fink ISOLDE Users (2 in average): Maxim Seliverstov, Dmitry Fedorov, Nobuaki Imai, Pavel Molkanov, ...

At present RILIS operation is organized in 8-hours shifts: 4 persons on shifts + 1 person on-call Regular breaks in laser operation are needed for rest: Not more than 3 weeks of work without free days.

Gold Isotopes

Windmill Faraday Cup MR-TOF

CO

UN

TS

Alpha energy, keV

1st transition is difficult with dye laser (UV pump beam required)

NB-TiSa was therefore advantageous: scanning stability with 3rd harmonic was demonstrated

MR-TOF, windmill and FC were used

Beam time was extremely limited !

Astatine Isotopes: scans on both steps

NB - Dye laser

ISOLDE Faraday cup

Annular Si Si

197At beam

C-foils 20 mg/cm2

Windmill Faraday Cup MR-TOF

NB - TiSa

Extensive Ionization scheme development was required