Revista Maneras | Literatura rusa

8/6/2019 Revista Maneras | Literatura rusa

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Il 2' Hl( > Khkrl jk 200>

Fkh~ ioeziz flgkf--

Kjezlreig

Dibi {hi sk} kh R{~ei

Nehzei Sihk~i Ji~ , Jerknzlri

NNNirgl~ S' kfpkrijlr' ~lgi jkner y{k nlhsekhkdibgir= kh ni~zkggihl nlh Jel~' kh crihnk~ nlh gl~ ifeol~'kh igkfh nlh gl~ khkfeol~ u kh ezigeihl nlh kg ~ktl

ckfkhehl( Pkrl ~e g d{bekri pl~kjl kg ejelfi r{~l' k~

prlbibgk y{k d{bekri iijejl y{k ~zk k~ nlhskhekhzk piri dibgir nlh zljl~ iy{kggl~' ui y{k d{bekri

khnlhzrijl kh g gi fimk~zij jkg ni~zkggihl' gi sesk}i jkg crihn~' gi c{kr}i jkg igkfh' gi ~{isejij jkg ezigeihl u'

ijkf~' gi rey{k}i u kg ginlhe~fl' seolrl~l kh efokhk~'jkg gizh u jkg orekol( QKh Orifzeni jk F(S(Glflh~ls' 9?;;V

Nlh zifii jkngirineh k~ goenl y{k ~k jk~pekrzkkh hl~lzrl~ kg bendezl jk gi n{rel~ejij' ~eh kfbirol i gidlri jk ~ineirgi hl~ diggifl~ nlh gi jecen{gzij jkg plnl

fizkreig kh k~pilg y{k diu kh gebrkri~ u kh ehzkrhkz(G{kol jk jk~eg{~elhirfk zkrfeh plrnlhskhnkrfk y{k gi kgknneh dibi ~ejl inkrziji' k ehenekg pkrkorehimk ihzkrelr i zljl orih jk~n{brefekhzl' c{k {hnifehl ipi~elhihzk kh kg y{k p{jk pkrneber y{k ~e diu igoly{k iog{zehi i gi gezkriz{ri r{~i ~eh efplrzir pkreljl~ lk~zegl~& k~ kg dkndl jk jk~irrlggir~k kh ifbekhzk~nlhzrirel~ i gi nlfljejij( K~ efprk~elhihzk nlfprlbir

Plkzi~Blre~ Pi~zkrhia

Firb{rol

Q jk= F~ igg jk gi~ birrkri~ 959:&9593V

Ul zkfbgibi( Ul fk khnkji u ipioibi(Fk k~zrkfkni( Dink plnl gk pkj ~{ fihl

Pkrl ui kri zirjk' fk ehzefej' u frifk= kg rkndi}l(Y{ pkhi fk jih ~{~ gorefi~) Ul ~lu f~ ~ihzly{k {h bkizl(

Nlhzehi kh gi pio( ?

^{firel jk gi prk~khzk kjeneh

Kjezlreig= Dibi {hi sk} R{~ei Poehi 9,?

Plkzi~= Blre~ Pi~zkrhia Poehi 9,2

Nihnelhkrl= Plkfi êhclhenl Lp( 29 Poehi >I{zlrk~= Ihzh Ndmls Poehi >

Zklri u prnzeni= Kg N{khzl Poehi :Y{ k~ k~zl< Plkfi êhchenl Poehi 3,4

Se~ezk Fihkri~ jk Bekh ~lir kh=dzzp=,,fihkri~(z{rkfih~l(nlf(ir,

ê jk~ki nlhzinzir i gi kjezlri u khseirgk ~{ nlhzreb{nehu,l nlfkhzirel' plr cislr ski gl~ jkziggk~ kh gi gzefipoehi(

Nlhzehi kh gi pio( 2


2/9

Khkrl jk 200> Fihkri~ jk Bekh ^lir

2

Sekhk jk poehi 9

îg i gi pgi}i( U fk nrkS{kgzl i hinkr( Niji feh{neiSesi u ~eh zlfirfk kh n{khzi^k kreoi kh efiokh jkg ije~(

Kg pisefkhzl ~k c{hji u gi crkhzk jk gi niggk^k brlhnk' {h o{emirrl feribi jk rklmlDinei kg nekgl u kg sekhzl' jk biry{krl'Rkfibi plr gl~ zegl~( U zljl~ kggl~ kri iy{kggi

^kfkmih}i(

Ksiji ~{~ feriji~' nlfl c{kri(Hl ijskrzi fe~ ~ig{jl~(Hl y{kri ~ibkr ui hiji jk zk~lrl~(D{i jk kggl~ piri hl k~ziggir kh ggihzl(

Kg eh~zehzl ehhizl' k~k sekml jijesl~l'Fk kri eh~lplrzibgk( Plr zlji~ pirzk~ fk ~ko{i

Pkh~ihjl= iflr ehcihzeg' nlhzri {hi jk~orineiDiu y{k ihjir jkzr~ jk ze(

Sifl~ nifehi' lrjkhibi fe eh~zehzlu fk o{eibi ~ibel nlfl sekml k~nlg~zenlkhzrk gi seroehejij jk gi k~pk~{ri ehzrih~ezibgkjk gl~ rblgk~ nigjkijl~' jk gi~ gegi~ u jk gi pi~eh(

Iprkhjk i nifehir prefkrl' g{kol nlrrkr~&icerfibi& u kg h{ksl ~lg jk~jk kg nkhezFer nlfl kh~kibih i nifehirI {h iblreokh pgihkzirel plr ~{ h{ksl jk~zehl(

I {hl~ zljl k~zl khnko{kne' i lzrl~Gl~ zrioirlh gi~ zehekbgi~ nlfl blni jk glbl(K~nirbibih gl~ plgg{kgl~ khzrk gi~ fizi~ jk jigei~Gebg{gi~ u oreggl~ zenziy{kirlh n{ig rkglmk~ jefeh{zl~(

Cglzibih gi~ zkmi~( Kg fkjeji ~eh pk~zikirLb~krsibi gl~ zkmijl~ u kh Firb{rolDibi y{ekhk~ ~egbihjl cibrenibih gi~ biggk~zi~U y{ekhk~ ~k rknloih piri gi ckrei jk gi Zrehejij(

Irkhi ifireggi gi~ h{bk~ jkslribih(Ih{hneihjl zlrfkhzi ~k khirnibih gi~ nkmi~

jk gl~ fizlrrigk~(U kg nekgl ~k n{im ig nikrKh {h zrl}l jk feni nenizre}ihzk(

Iy{kg ji' zlji' jk gi pkehkzi i gl~ pek~Nlfl ggksi {h zroenl jk prlsehnei

[h jrifi ^diaki~pkreihl'Zk ggks nlhfeol u zk ~{pk jk nlrrejlKh~iuhjlzk ig sioir plr gi ne{jij(

N{ihjl ni ihzk ze' ibri}ijlK~zi hekbgi' k~zk dekgl' k~zi nihjkhzk ~{pkrcenekY{k bkggi krk~) c{k kg zlrbkggehl jk blndlrhl

jk y{ dibgi~ Fihkri~ jk Bekh ^lir

>

^gl i gi nlfprkh~eh jk gi~ ibkmi~ innk~ebgkKh k~l~ eh~zihzk~ clrfi&n{ihjl prkhjk ig nlri}h&kg lbmkzl u kg hjenk jkg gebrlu kg piry{k u gi pirzkrrk ~{ khn{ijkrhineh(

Kh kg slg{fehl~l u sekml rblgN{brekhjl gi ni~i plr khnefiIrjkh' fihndiji~ nlh olzi~ jk nkri'Gi~ cglrk~ khnkhjeji~ plr gi gg{sei(

Nihnelhkrl

Gi E~gi jk gl~ F{krzl~'Plkfi êhchenl lp( 25

Jk= ^kroke Si~eguksend Rindfihehls $94?>' 95:>%

Gi E~gi jk gl~ F{krzl~' Plkfi êhchenl lp( 25

KKK~zrkhiji kg 94 jk Ibreg jk 9505 kh Fl~n'{h il jk~p{~ jkg k~zrkhl jk ~{ ^ko{hji êhclhi' gilbri k~z eh~periji kh {h n{ijrl jkg pehzlr ~{e}lIrhlgj Bnageh(

^koh gi fezlgloi ng~eni' zri~ gi f{krzk'Nirlhzk ggksi i gi~ igfi~ kh ~{ birni ig rkehl jkDijk~ $rkprk~khzijl nlfl gi E~gi jk gl~ F{krzl~%' izris~ jk gi gio{hi K~zeoei( K~zk plkfi ~ehchenl

kslni nlh fik~zri k~zi k~nkhi' kh zrk~ pirzk~ f~ lfkhl~ jeckrkhneiji~(Jk~jk gl~ prefkrl~ nlfpi~k~' kg ifbekhzk

okhkrijl k~ go{brk u k~zrkfknkjlr' u kg flsefekhzljk gi~ n{krji~ rkprk~khzi kg rkfir pk~ijl jk Nirlhzk(^lbrk kg ~k sih iijekhjl zefbrk~ u fkglji~khzrknlrziji~' nrkihjl {hi izf~ckri foeni unlhc{~i' ~lbrk gi y{k ~k kgksi kg io{jl u ~lbrknlokjlrnihzl jkg igfi' rkprk~khzijl plr gl~ selgehk~ u gi~cgi{zi~' ggkhl jk jlglr( Gi zkh~eh er i{fkhzihjldi~zi {hi ktpgl~eh lry{k~zig' nlh gi y{k ~k ji pi~l igi ~ko{hji pirzk(((

Nirlhzk u ~{ birni jk~ipirknkh jk gi k~nkhi'u ~k prk~khzi {h h{ksl zkfi' jk~irrlggijl

prehnepigfkhzk plr gi~ n{krji~((( {hi fkgljiiorej{gnk' fkgihngeni' nlfl kslnihjl i gl~rkn{krjl~ jk {hi seji pi~iji jk~zehijl~ ijk~ipirknkr( Zri~ {hi brksk ktpl~eneh' kg rezfl u gizkh~eh sih nrknekhjl' ipirknekhjl {h ~ko{hjl zkfinirinzkre}ijl plr gl~ fkzigk~((( k~ gi f{krzk'efpginibgk' y{k sekhk i zkrfehir nlh kg gzefl ~{~perljk seji( ^{ c{kr}i si plnl i plnl ehnrkfkhzhjl~kdi~zi idloir gl~ ngejl~ zefbrk~ jk gi~ n{krji~' y{kzrizih jk d{er jk ~{ ehksezibgk jk~zehl((( Ifbl~ zkfi~

~k khcrkhzih di~zi ggkoir i {h ngfit lry{k~zig nlh {hic{kr}i ktd{bkrihzk u pljkrl~i((( gi f{krzk di oihijl{hi sk} f~ ~{ biziggi( I~e ggkoifl~ i gi zkrnkri pirzk ugzefi pirzk(

Zri~ {h brksk ~egkhnel' gi~ n{krji~ kslnih kg

zkfi jkg Jek~ Erik' zih y{krejl plr Rindfihehls'fekhzri~ ~lbrk g slgskfl~ i k~n{ndir kg gkhzl rkfir jkgi birni( ^k okhkri {h ifbekhzk ~efegir ig jkg prehnepeljk gi lbri' pkrl k~zi sk} f{ndl f~ ehzefe~zi' f~go{brk u ~lbrknlokjlr ~e nibk( Kh gi izf~ckri ~eo{khsesl~ gl~ gifkhzl~ jkg igfi' fekhzri~ Nirlhzk rkfiefpi~ebgk izijl i ~{ kzkrhl jk~zehl' igkmhjl~k kh kgdlre}lhzk' u jihjl ceh i {hi jk gi~ poehi~ f~ bkggi~ jkgi de~zlrei jk gi f~eni(

ê y{kr~ k~n{ndir {h criofkhzl jk k~zk plkfi

~ehchenl din ngen iy{

I{zlrk~Ihzlh Ndmls

Gi f~niri

KKKh kg ng{b ~lneig jk gi ne{jij jk T ~knkgkbribi' nlh cehk~ bkhcenl~' {h biegk jk f~niri~ l'nlfl gk ggifibih gi~ ~klrezi~ jk gi glnigejij' "{h biegkjk pirkmi~"(

Kri ui fkjeihlndk( [hl~ n{ihzl~ ehzkgknz{igk~~eh ihzeci}' y{k hl biegibih &kh zlzig krih nehnl&' k~zibih

~khzijl~ kh gi ~igi jk gknz{ri' igrkjkjlr jk {hi orihfk~i' u ln{gzi~ ~{~ hirenk~ u birbi~ jkzr~ jkg pkrejenl'gkih' jlrfezibih l' ~koh gi ktprk~eh jkg nrlhe~zi glnigjk gl~ pkrejenl~ jk gi nipezig' fkjezibih(Jk~jk kg ~igh jkg biegk ggkoibih gl~ ~lhk~ jk {hinlhzrijih}i( Plr jkgihzk jk gi p{krzi nlrrih kh {h er uskher ehnk~ihzk gl~ nifirkrl~' pe~ihjl nlh c{kr}i1 fi~kh gi ~igi jk gknz{ri rkehibi {h prlc{hjl ~egkhnel(&Nrkl y{k iy{ k~zirkfl~ f~ nfljl~ &~k lu jk

prlhzl {hi sl} jk biml' y{k pirkni ~iger jk {hi niskrhi(Plr in' f{ndindi~' skhoih in)

Gi p{krzi ~k ibre u ig ~igh jk gknz{ri pkhkzr{h dlfbrk ihndl u rlb{~zl' je~cri}ijl jk nlndkrl' nlhkg ~lfbrkrl ijlrhijl jk pg{fi~ jk pisl rkig u nlhihzeci} p{k~zl( Gk ~ko{ih jl~ jifi~' zifbeh nlhihzeci}' u {h nifirkrl' y{k ggksibi {hi bihjkmi nlh {hi~

blzkggi~ jk sehl zehzl' lzri jk genlr u sirel~ si~l~(&Iy{ k~zirkfl~ f{u crk~nl~) &jeml kg

ehjesej{l rlb{~zl&( Plh gi bihjkmi ~lbrk gi fk~i(((êhzkh~k' jife~kgi~( Uk s{ pre i gi zreflhzrih) U{~zkjk~' ~klrk~' dioih ~ezel( Hl zekhkh plr y{ ln{pirgi fk~i(

Kg ehjesej{l ~k zifbigk u nlh {hi fihl zer ig~{kgl sirei~ rkse~zi~(


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:

&Plh gi bihjkmi in) Sifl~' ~klrk~ gknzlrk~'iprzkh~k( Bi~zi jk pkrejenl~ u jk plgzeni(&Gk iorijknkri i {~zkj y{k hl irfi~k zihzl igblrlzl &jeml {hl jk gl~ ehzkgknz{igk~' ferihjl ig je~cri}ijl plrkhnefi jk ~{~ oici~&( K~zifl~ kh gi ~igi jk gknz{ri u hl

kh {h b{cckz((( Hl k~ {h g{oir piri bkbkr(&Plr y{ hl k~ {h g{oir piri bkbkr< Ini~l gi fk~i ~kzifbigki' l kg zkndl ifkhi}i jkrr{fbir~k< K~ ktzril(Pkrl hl zkhol zekfpl piri ndirgi~((( Jkmkh gl~

pkrejenl~( Ui dih gkjl bi~zihzk' jkfi~eijlehzkgeokhzk~ ~k dih p{k~zl1 ijkf~' k~ pkrm{jeneig piri gise~zi u gl prehnepig k~ y{k ul hl gl y{ekrl u nlh k~zl

bi~zi(Kg nifirkrl nlgln gi bihjkmi ~lbrk gi fk~i u'

nlh gi ~krseggkzi khnefi jkg bri}l' ~k y{kj jk pek m{hzli gi p{krzi( Gi~ jifi~ gi kfprkhjekrlh ehfkjeizifkhzknlh kg sehl zehzl(&Nfl k~ pl~ebgk y{k diui okhzk zih ehzkgeokhzk y{k

prkcekri gl~ pkrejenl~ i k~zi~ bkbeji~< &nlfkh} i jknerkg ehjesej{l jk gi~ pg{fi~ jk pisl rkig' ~ersehjl~kgenlr&( ^koh fe lpeheh' rk~pkzibgk~ ~klrk~' prkcekrkh{~zkjk~ gi gknz{ri plry{k hl zekhkh jehkrl piri bkbkr(Zkhol ri}h< Mi' mi((() Pi~ih {~zkjk~ zljl kg zekfplgkukhjl( U y{ k~ gl y{k k~z id k~nrezl< ^klr jk gi~oici~' y{ inlhzknefekhzl~ di gkjl {~zkj< B{khl' jkmijk jirzk efplrzihnei( Fkmlr bkbk(

Kg ehjesej{l jk gi~ pg{fi~ jk pisl rkig ~kgksihz u irrihn kg pkrejenl jk gi~ fihl~ jkg ~klr jkgi~ oici~( ~zk pigejkne prefkrl'~k ~lhrlm jk~p{~ ufer nlh i~lfbrl i gl~ jkf~ ehzkgknz{igk~'y{k i ~{sk} gk ferirlh(&[~zkj ~k ktzrigefezi' ~klr) &k~zigg kg lckhjejl&( [~zkj

nlhsekrzk {h ~igh jk gknz{ri kh {hi zibkrhi1 ~k pkrfezkzlji ngi~k jk ktnk~l~' fk irrihni kg pkrejenl jk gi~fihl~( Hl p{kjl zlgkrirgl) [~zkj hl ~ibk nlh y{ehzrizi' ~klr fl) ^lu kg jerknzlr jkg Bihnl' Uk~zeials(&Fk efplrzi {h nlfehl y{k ~ki~ Uk~zeials( U kh gl y{k~k rkcekrk i z{ pkrejenl feri((( Kg ehjesej{l gksihz kg

pkrejenl u gl de}l pkji}l~(&^klrk~' pkrl y{ k~ k~zl< &bigb{nk Uk~zeialsk~z{pkcinzl&( K~zl k~ ktzril' k~zl ~lbrkpi~i ui glhlrfig(((&^k di khcijijl) &knd~k i rkr kg je~cri}ijl&( [c)Y{ ~{~zl fk jel) Di~zi zekfbgl jk fekjl)K~nndkhfk' rk~pkzibgk~ ~klrk~( Brlfi~ ipirzk' hl

zkhol jk~kl~ jk khzrir kh nlhskr~ineh nlh {~zkjk~((( Unlfl y{ekrl y{kjirfk iy{ i ~lgi~ nlh gi~ jife~kgi~ ujk~kl pi~ir {h b{kh rizl' gk~ r{kol y{k hl fknlhzrijeoih u ~k siuih((( Sifl~) ^klr Bkgkb{meh'frndizk i zljl~ gl~ jeibgl~) Plr y{ k~zh cr{hnekhjlkg nkl< ^e zk gl jeol' jkbk~ erzk( U jk pre~ezi' hl siui i~kr y{k kh dlri figi zk giro{k igoh pk~nl}h(&Pkrl nfl k~ k~l< &jeml Bkgkb{meh' kg zk~lrkrl jk giM{hzi jk gl~ D{rcihl~' khnloehjl~k jk dlfbrl~&( He~ey{ekri p{kjl nlfprkhjkrgl((( [h eh~lgkhzk err{fpkiy{ u((( jk prlhzl ln{rrkh ~kfkmihzk~ nl~i~)

&Y{ pigibri k~ ~i jk eh~lgkhzk< &orez khcijijl kgehjesej{l jk gi~ pg{fi~ jk pisl rkig' u olgpk nlh kg

p{l gi fk~i nlh zihzi c{kr}i y{k gl~ si~l~ ~igzirlh khgi bihjkmi&( I y{eh dibgi~< Zk nrkk~ y{k nlfl k~zluje~cri}ijl p{kjk~ jknerfk zlji ngi~k jk efpkrzehkhnei~& ^k nekrri nlh gi rk~lg{neh jk k~k nlhcgenzl y{k

pkrfezk kh k~zijl cehig& gi rkn{pkrineh jkgky{egebrel pkrjejl(

Zljl n{khzl zekhk innelhk~ nkhzrigk~ ukgkfkhzl~ jk rkggkhl $l ~kn{hjirel~% n{ui c{hneh k~fihzkhkr kg ~{~pkh~l

Kg zkfi zkfplrig= kg i{zlr p{kjk fihzkhkr gighki zkfplrig l p{kjk rkige}ir {hi r{pz{rijkg zekfpl kh gi prk~khzineh jk gl~ dkndl~$~igzl~ dinei kg pi~ijl1 isihnk~ dinei kg

c{z{rl% Kg zkfi jkg hirrijlr= kg hirrijlr k~ {hi

ceo{ri nrkiji plr kg i{zlr piri rkprk~khzir gl~dkndl~ y{k nlh~zez{ukh kg rkgizl' k~zi sl}

p{kjk ~kr gi jk {h pkr~lhimk l gi jk {hzk~zeol $n{khzi gl~ dkndl~ kh prefkri

pkr~lhi%( P{kjk ~kr gi sl} jk {hi zkrnkripkr~lhi y{k hl ehzkrsekhk kh gl~ dkndl~( Kgzepl jk hirrijlr y{k p{kjk ~ibkr zljl~' jk~jkgi~ innelhk~ di~zi gl~ pkh~ifekhzl~ jk gizlzigejij jk gl~ pkr~lhimk~ ~k jkhlfehi


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3

hirrijlr lfhenekhzk(

$Jkg gebrl Gi k~n{kgi u gl~ zktzl~ jk Ihi FiriAi{cfih u Firi Kgkhi Rljro{k}( 955>%

Plr kmkfpgl

Kg rlfihnkPlr= ^lGNeZl-

IIId k~zibi' pkhjekhjl jk {h degl' nlh {hbrlndk y{k i~ceteibi ~{~ ih~ei~ jk slgir( Dibi sesejlzlji ~{ seji khnkrriji' ~eh f~ nlfpii y{k ~{

prlpel nde~plrrlzkl ehslg{hzirel([h ji nlh~eo{e ktpkrefkhzir gi gebkrzij' u

rk~perir kg ierk jk ic{kri( Pkrl kg pginkr j{r {heh~zihzk plry{k sehl jlh M{ih jk gl~ Piglzk~ i

k~zr{mirgi' jk~irfirgi u lb~krsirgi jk clrfijk~niriji( ^eh ~{ nlh~khzefekhzl z{sl y{k ~lplrzirskminelhk~' khrkjiji kh kg n{irzl nlh lzrl~ y{k gifihl~kibih nlh igksl~i' idloiji' firkiji igg~gl ~k rk~peribi {hi d{fkjij eh~l~zkhebgk' dkjlr jk

plgsl~ u lzrl~ fkhk~zkrk~(Zljl nlhng{u kh kh {h ripzl jk ~k{jl

gebkrineh' gi d{fkjij ~lgifkhzk y{kj kh ~{ n{krpl'u gi dibezineh jk~ipirkne( Kh {h ~ko{hjl ~kkhnlhzr iziji' kh nlfpii jk lzrl~ nlfl kggi y{kih~eibih ~kr gebkrijl~ plr igo{hi c{kr}i ~{pkrelr(

^gl kg sekhzl gi inireneibi u gk f{rf{ribi~knrkzl~ jk pi~k~ gkmihl~' zrizihjl jk nlh~lgir gi

gorefi y{k ~k jk~prkhji jk ~{ n{krpl kh zekfpl~errko{girk~(g y{kri gebkrirgi jk iy{kggi pre~eh

lbgeoiji( ^{ bgihn{ri lpinibi ig rk~zl u g gi nrkup{ri( Prkzkhji ksezirgk {h ~{crefekhzl fiulr plr k~l'kh {h m{kol jk c{kr}i u k~zrizkoei' je~zriml ig brlndky{k iprkzibi ~{ nibk}i u gi jkm nikr(

Kggi kri gebrk' nlh k~i gebkrzij y{k ~glnlfprkhjkh gl~ y{k dih ~ejl k~ngisl~( ^lhrkifekhzri~ nii' igol jkhzrl ~{ul gk dini nlhceirnekoifkhzk kh g(

Gi zlf' khzrk ~{~ bri}l~ jk ltokhl ujetejl jk nirblhl' u ihdkg ggksirgi i rknlrrkriy{kggl~ g{oirk~ jk gl~ y{k zihzl gk dibi dibgijl(

Gi fkjei slgse i ~lhrker' nlh k~i bgihn{riy{k ~gl gl~ p{rl~ p{kjkh nlfprkhjkr' u ktpkrefkhzgi gebkrzij jkg sekhzl nlfl ~e c{kri gi ~{ui prlpei(

CEH

- ^lGNeZl k~ kg ~k{jhefl jk Nehzei Sihk~i Ji~

Y{ k~ k~zl Fihkri~ jk Bekh ^lir

?

nfl' kh nekrzl fljl' gi nkh~{ri iu{j i nrkir kg k~zegl ugi lrekhzineh gezkrirei r{~i( Gi~ de~zlrei~ ~k khzrkzkmkh

igrkjkjlr jk ehzkgknz{igk~ y{k nlhlnekrlh jk pkr~kn{nelhk~' jk~zekrrl~' prldebenelhk~' j{kgl~ u zirji~rkjkhnelhk~(

Piri nlfprkhjkr i {h pkh~ijlr' i {h k~nrezlr l i{h irze~zi' k~ hknk~irel nlfprkhjkr gi ejel~ehnrinei jkg

p{kbgl y{k gl inloe' u nlhlnkr gl~ dkndl~ y{k denekrlh jk~{ seji {h ~{nk~l lreoehig(

Kg jk~irrlggl jk gi gezkriz{ri r{~i k~z ~eohiji plrgi de~zlrei' inlrrigiji l ehng{~l clfkhziji plr gi nkh~{ri ugi~ rk~zrennelhk~( ^e icerfifl~ y{k gi de~zlrei jk gigezkriz{ri k~ gi de~zlrei jkg zkfpkrifkhzl' niji p{kbglzekhk gi gezkriz{ri y{k di ~ibejl nlh~ko{er i pirzer jk gihiz{rig ehngehineh jk ~{ pkh~ifekhzl' u gi r{~i hl k~ giktnkpneh i gi rkogi(

N{ihjl dibgifl~ jk k~nrezlrk~ r{~l~' ~igkh irkg{ner hlfbrk~ jk gi ziggi jk Zlg~zle u Jl~zlekw~ae' ~ehkfbirol gi gezkriz{ri r{~i' plr hl jkner prnzenifkhzk gigkho{i r{~i hink nlh kg orih Igktihjr ^kro{eksendP{~daeh(

P{~daeh pkrzkhknk ig or{pl y{k' m{hzl i Oolg' kg mlskh Grflhzls' Olndirs u Z{ro{heks ~eoh kg ~eogljk lrl jk gi gezkriz{ri r{~i( K~zl~ k~nrezlrk~ hinekrlh kh{hi plni kh gi y{k gi eh~zr{nneh kri prnzenifkhzk {h

presegkoel jk hinefekhzl u kh gi y{k ipirknekrlh gl~ prefkrl~ g{ndijlrk~ plr gi gebkrzij' {hi plni kh gi y{kgl~ k~nrezlrk~ ~k ~ehzekrlh kh gi pl~eneh jk zkhkr y{kn{fpger {hi kgksiji fe~eh ~lneig kh fkjel jk {hi

nkh~{ri y{k' kh ~{ prlnk~l' zkrfeh plr jkslrirgl~(Khnlhzrifl~ {h plkfi ~lbrk gi f{krzk jk

P{~daeh k~nrezl plr gi pg{fi flrji} jk Gkrflhzls y{kjenk= F{re kg plkzi) kg ~ekrsl jk gi jeohejij&

Nlh ~kj jk skhoih}i u pglfl kh kg pkndlniu jecifijl jkg r{flr'ehngeh gi lro{ggl~i nibk}i)$%Niggirlh gl~ foenl~ ~lhejl~Gi~ nihnelhk~ ui hl ~lhirh=U K~zrkndl u zre~zk k~z ~{ dloir^kggijl~ gl~ gibel~ jkg nihzihzk(

U {~zkjk~ ~{nk~lrk~ irrloihzk~jk gi ngkbrk deplnrk~i jk ~{~ oglrel~l~ pijrk~rkpirih crihofkhzl~ nlh kg zigh khnijkhijl

m{oihjl nlh gi ckgenejij jk k~zerpk~ lckhjeji~)[~zkjk~' kogizri fi~i' m{hzl ig zrlhl ipeijiSkrj{ol~ jk gi Oglrei' gi Gebkrzij u kg Okhel)Biml gi ~lfbri jk gi gku ~k k~nlhjkhU kg m{enel u gi skrjij &k~zh niggijl~)Fi~' ifi~el~ jk gi pkrskr~ejij'Kte~zk kg nrezkrel jesehlK~pkri kg m{enel zkrrebgk

Sekhk jk gi poehi 9 Ig ~lhejl jkg lrl ehignih}ibgk=Inzl~ u pkh~ifekhzl~ ~ibk plr ijkgihzijl(U khzlhnk~ ~kr ehzeg inkrnir~k i gi

figkjenkhneiK~zi sk} hl gl~ prlzkokr

Nlh ~{ l~n{ri ~ihork hl pljrh gisirgi ~ihork nre~zigehi jkg plkzi)

QCriofkhzl jk Gi f{krzk jkg plkzi jk=Femieg GkrflhzlsV

K~zk plkfi gk sige ig mlskh Gkrflhzls' jkzih ~gl 2? il~' gi jkplrzineh ig N{ni~l u g{kol~{ i~k~ehizl kh {h j{kgl pgihkijl(

Kh gi prk~khzk kjeneh' zlfirkfl~ ~gl izrk~ ktplhkhzk~ jk gi n{gz{ri r{~i' pkrl k~pkrl pljkrrkzlfir kh lzri lni~eh k~zk zkfi' piri dinkrgk

m{~zenei(Kg orih n{khze~zi u jrifiz{rol Ihzh

Ndmls kg k~nrezlr jk gi prkrrkslg{neh& jk grk~nizifl~ {h n{khzl fiohecenl y{k plhk khksejkhnei gi deplnrknei u gl~ prkm{enel~ jk {h or{pljk ehzkgknz{igk~ hl zih je~zehzl~ i gl~ prkm{enel~ kdeplnrk~i~ y{k hl~ iy{kmih dlu ji( Jkg k~zegl u giseji jk Ndmls hl~ ln{pirkfl~ kh kg ~{pgkfkhzly{k inlfpii gi prk~khzk kjeneh' jlhjk pljrhje~cr{zir jk ~{ nlfkjei kh n{izrl inzl~ Kg mirjh jkgl~ nkrk}l~(

^kro{ke Rindfihehls' kg orihnlfpl~ezlr' peihe~zi u jerknzlr r{~l' c{k ~eh j{ji{hl jk gl~ ehzrprkzk~ f~ breggihzk~ jkg ~eogl TT(^{~ nlfpl~enelhk~ k~zh nlh~ejkriji~ nlfl gi

gzefi ktprk~eh f{~enig jkg rlfihzene~fl( ^{ sejizifbeh k~ jeohi jk ~kr hlskgiji= kh 959?ibihjlhi R{~ei u ~k k~zibgknk kh K~zijl~ [hejl~'kh 95>9 ~{ f~eni k~ prldebeji plr gi~ i{zlrejijk~k~zigehe~zi~' biml gi ktn{~i jk y{k rkprk~khzibi i gi

b{ro{k~i jknijkhzk u kri pkgeorl~i( F{krk kh kgktegel kh 95:>(

Blre~ Pirhia' {hl jk gl~ plkzi~ f~efplrzihzk~ jk gi okhkrineh jk pgizi' fkrknkjlrjkg prkfel Hlbkg kh 95;4 plr ~{ hlskgi Jr(]desiol' ig y{k jkbe rkh{hneir lbgeoijl plr kgrkoefkh( Eh~nrezl kh ~{~ lrokhk~ kh gi siho{irjeic{z{re~zi' ~k p{kjk jesejer gi nirrkri jk Pi~zkrhia kh

sirel~ pkreljl~( Kg prefkrl' jk~jk ~{~ nlfekh}l~di~zi 95>2' nlfprkhjk lbri~ y{k &plr ~{~ehhlsinelhk~ geho~zeni~& kmkrnekrlh {hi c{krzkehcg{khnei kh zlji {hi okhkrineh jk plkzi~ r{~l~(K~nrezi~ kh gl~ rkslg{nelhirel~ il~ 20' kh pgkhi

b~y{kji jk {h h{ksl k~zegl' Pi~zkrhia ~k kreoe khgjkr jk gi siho{irjei plzeni u cem ~{ pl~eneh khgi plk~i pl~zkrelr i gi rkslg{neh( Kh gi jniji jkgl~ >0 u kh gl~ il~ jk gi o{krri ~{ lbri ~k zlrhf~ ~khneggi( ^{ zkrnkri kzipi ~k {beni khzrk 95:; u95;;' iy{ ~k s{kgsk dinei gi prl~i u gi nrkineh jk


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p{kbgl ~khneggl jkjenijl i gi ioren{gz{ri(

hinelhigejij' di~zi kg cehig1 y{k ih{hnei giktp{g~eh jkg kmrnezl ehsi~lr jkg ~{kgl r{~l( Gln{ig ~k sk nlrlhijl nlh gi khzlhineh jkg defhl

r{~l' nlh clhjl jk nifpihiji~ u nilhi}l~

Gknz{ri~ rknlfkhjiji~=

P{~daeh= Gi jifi jk Pey{k $94>:%Oolg= gi hire} 'Ziri~ B{gbi $94>:%

Gkrflhzls= [h drlk jk h{k~zrlzekfpl

Olhndirs= Kg ~{kl jk Lbgfls jk~{ hlskgi Lbgfls

Alrlgkhal= Kg f~enl nekol $9445%

Ndmls= D e~zlrei jk fe seji' gioiselzi' Kg zl Sihei' kg mirjh jkgl~ nkrk}l~

Bheh= Kg pi~zlrIhjreks= Gl~ ~ekzk idlrnijl~

Olrau= Fe nlfpikrlJl~zleks~ae= Fkflrei~ jkg ~{b~{kgl

Hlndk~ bgihni~Zlg~zle= Gi f{krzk jk Esh Eggend' Gi

o{krri u gi pi}' Ihi AirkhehiPi~zkrhia= f~ igg jk gi~ birrkri~

Zkfi~ u sireinelhk~' N{ihjl ~kpi~ki jk f~' Jr( ]desiol

Jlnzlr ]desiol( Kh k~l~ il~' u di~zi 9530 &il jk~{ f{krzk& ~{ plk~i k~ f~ nlhnrkzi u jerknzi( K~zkoerl k~ prlslnijl plr {hi nre~e~ ehzkrelr y{k gk ggks inlhjkhir kg serz{l~e~fl gezkrirel jk ~{ m{skhz{j( ^ehkfbirol ~{ nifehl fihzekhk gi fe~fi jerknneh kh

zlji ~{ nirrkri' u ~{~ lbri~ k~z{sekrlh ~ekfprkjlziji~ jk {hi {hejij ehzkrhi kh ~{ kslg{neh(Kg jk Pi~zkrhia k~ {h rknlrrejl jk~jk kg

f{hjl jk gi f~eni dinei kg jk gi cegl~lci u g{koljk~jk gi cegl~lci dinei gi plk~i( ^{ lbri plzeni pirzkjk gi zk~e~ jkg irzk u ~k jereok i gi ihzzk~e~ jk ginlhnekhnei' piri nlhng{er kh gi ~hzk~e~ jk {hi irflhijk gi skrjij( Piri igo{hl~ khzkhjejl~ gi plk~i jkPi~zkrhia k~ {hi nlhm{hneh pkrcknzi khzrk zrijenehng~eni' {heskr~l f{~enig ~efblge~zi u gkho{imkc{z{re~zi' nlfbehiji nlh gi efioehkri prlpei jkg~{rrkige~fl(

Nlfl p{kjkh skr' kh k~zi kjeneh sih ikhnlhzrir rkige~fl' ~efblge~fl u c{z{re~flnlhjefkhzijl~ nlh igol jk rlfihzene~fl( [hinlfbehineh reni kh fizenk~ y{k prkzkhjk ~kr gi

prefkri ehok~zi jkg ihzejlzl y{k hl~ y{ezk kg skhkhljk gi eohlrihnei(

Kg rk~zl jkg nifehl jk gi l~n{rejij i gi g{}'jk gi eohlrihnei ig ~ibkr' jk gi ehjeckrkhnei ignlfprlfe~l ehzkgknz{ig& jkpkhjk ktng{~esifkhzk jk[j~(

Bekhskhejl~ i gi zekrri jk gi~ k~zkpi~ u gl~nl~inl~' jk gi~ rkslg{nelhk~ u gi~ nlhzrirrkslg{nelhk~'jk gl~ j{kgl~ u gl~ ktegel~ bekhskhejl~ i gi orihhlskgi r{~i( S~kol hieg{nd~dkol)-

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&-Gk~ jk~kl gl fkmlr(

^eo{k Plkfi ~ehchenl

Ehzkfpk~zesifkhzk' i gl gkml~' ~k je~zeho{kh gi~ hlzi~jkg defhl crihn~( Gkhzifkhzk kg ifbekhzk ~k zlrhizkh~l' fekhzri~ gi~ hlzi~ jk gi Fir~kggk~i ~k k~n{ndihniji sk} f~ ngirifkhzk(Inlfpiiji~ jk kggi dink ~{ ipireneh kg kmrnezlhiplgkhenl' fekhzri~ kh gi igjki rkehi gi nlhc{~ehy{k prknkjk i zlji biziggi(

Khzlhnk~' ~k igzkrhih sireinelhk~ i gi Fir~kggk~i u igzkfi r{~l jkg ehenel( Nlhclrfk zrih~n{rrk kg zekfpl'

prkjlfehi f~ u f~ kg zkfi r{~l u je~feh{uk giehcg{khnei jk gi~ hlzi~ jk gi Fir~kggk~i1 gl y{k efpgenigi jkrrlzi jk gl~ crihnk~k~(Gl y{k ~eo{k k~ kg prkjlfehel jkg zkfi r{~l y{k ~kigzkrhi idlri nlh hlzi~ jk jih}i~ zpeni~ jk gi fe~fi

(Nigkhjirel 200>

Prtefi~ kjenelhk~ jk Fihkri~ jk Bekh ^lir

Ckbrkrl= gezkriz{ri k~pilgiFir}l = gezkriz{ri nlglfbeihiIbreg= gezkriz{ri crihnk~iFiul= gezkriz{ri pkr{ihiM{hel= gezkriz{ri igkfihiM{gel= gezkriz{ri k~zijl{hejkh~kIol~zl= gezkriz{ri irokhzehi^kpzekfbrk= gezkriz{ri hrjeniLnz{brk1 gezkriz{ri ehogk~iHlsekfbrk= gezkriz{ri heokreihiJenekfbrk= gezkriz{ri bri~egki


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' Fihkri~ jk Bekh ^lir QC{hjiji kg 9; jk ~kpzekfbrk jk 2002VRkse~zi jk gezkriz{ri u n{gz{ri jk gi pigibri

^^zzziiiccccccKjezlri,rkjinzlri= Nehzei Sihk~i Ji~ $^lGNeZl% , Je~kl jk glol= Jkfeih Ijrlt P,]kh(~lg{nelhk~

Nlgiblrinelhk~ u ~{okrkhnei~== rkjinnelh@z{rkfih~l(nlf(ir Kh _kb dzzp=,,fihkri~(z{rkfih~l(nlf(ir

Piri ~{~nreber~k l nihnkgir gi ~{~nrepneh nlhznzk~k i fihkri~@z{rkfih~l(nlf(ir

-Nlfl dlfkhimk i Ckrhihjl Pk~~li $kh ~{ dkzkrhefl Bkrhirjl ^lirk~%-- Kg k~perez{ k~ y{ekh f{ksk gi fizkrei

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