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Review the 1906 Meishan earthquake and Chiayi Transfer Zone in Central Taiwan
Yuan-Hsi LeeNational Chung-Cheng University
Taiwan earthquake model1906 Meishan earthquake ML:7.1Chiayi area
-Characteristics of the active faultsfault length; dip angle; slip rate….
-Chiayi transfer structure
2001-2012
2
Tectonics and Seismicity of Taiwan
3
1946
1906
1935
1935
1946
1951
1999
1906
Active transverse structure in fold and thrust belt of Taiwan
1935:TuntzuchiaofaultShihtan faultShenchoshan faultML:7.1Death: 3279Injury:12119Totally destroyed
houses:19729
1935:Tuntzchiao fault
1946:Hsinhwa fault
Date March 17, 1906 Meishan earthquakeMagnitude 7.1 MLcasualties 1,258 dead
2,385 injured
At 5:12 a.m. on April 18, 1906Francisco earthquake
1906 Meishan earthquake(Omori, 1907)
Prof. Cheng
Coseismic displacement of the 1906 Meishan earthquake (Omori, 1907)
uplift
uplift
Chiuchiungkeng fault ?
Chungcheng unisersity
Uplift (cm)
Strike slip (cm)
1906: Meishan fault
1906:Meishan fault
1906:Meishan fault
嘉義廳(嘉義市內)前大馬路二側潰倒的民宅與散落一地的殘磚礫瓦。
嘉義廳大莆林街(嘉義縣大林鎮)的慘狀,擔架是當時運送傷患的主要工具。大莆林街民房全倒124戶、半倒12戶、大破10戶,35人死亡、10人重傷、24人輕傷。
Chung-Cheng Unisersity
Yui et al.,2003
Muchiliao active structure
Complex faulting process
Chiayi transfer structure
South ending process of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake
1022 Mw 6.8earthquake
No surface rupture
1999 Chi-Chi earthquake
S N
2.4m
Complex ending process rather than a single tear fault
Kukeng fault
Changhua fault
Chiuhsiungkeng fault
1. Kukeng fault & Changhua fault
2. Kukeng fault & Chiuchiungkeng fault
2. Chiai blind fault & Meishan fault
Chiayi blind thrust
Meishan fault
Chenglongpu faultWhat is the return period of each fault?
Earthquake hazard assessment?
Cut 18540yr terrace(Hsu ,2003)Vertical displacement > 0.72 mm/yrHorizontal displacement > 15 mm/yr
Chiuchiungkeng fault
區域地形
Chiayi blind fault
Meishan fault
Chiayi blind fault
High angle dipping to the south
Meishan Fault
Meishan Fault
Chiuchiungkeng FaultMeishan Fault
(Cheng, 1995)
Yang et al.,2004
Meishan Fault
Meishan Fault
Chiuchiungkeng FaultMeishan Fault
(Cheng, 1995)
(Cheng, 1995)
Structure of Cretaceous TopTaihsi
Touliu
Tounan
Meishan
PeikangMinhsiung
AnticlineSyncline
Meishan Fault
Meishan Fault
Chiuchiungkeng FaultMeishan Fault
(Cheng, 1995)Blind fault beneath the Chiungekeng fault
Meishan Fault
Blind fault beneath the Chiuchiungkeng Fault
ure of Cretaceous Top TouliuTounan
Meishan
eikangMinhsiung
Yang et al.,2004
Kukeng fault →strike slip fault : >20 Km
Meishan fault →strike slip fault: ~25 km
Chiuchiungkeng fault→ thrust fault → >17 Km
Chiayi fault →blind thrust→ > 30 Km
Liuchia fault → blind thrust → > 20 km
Muchiliao fault → blind thrust → 24 Km
Peiho fault→strike slip fault→ >13 Km
Chung Cheng University
1.Thickness of the sedimentary basin
2.Preexisting structures
3.Changing the lithology
Basin is deeper to the south
Lin et a.,2002
South dipping faults are easy to be triggered
Thank you for your attention