Results of the French and Indian War

British gained control of Canada

Western frontier was opened for settlement (though the British didn’t want colonists there)

Great Britain obtained Florida from Spain (who had been an ally to the French)

France looses claims in North America

Georgia’s western boundary is moved to the Mississippi River.

Led to the American Revolution by way of taxes

Issued by King George III Forbade colonist from

moving west of the Appalachian Mountains

Issued to calm relations between the British and the Native Americans

Colonist upset – wanted new land

Georgia gained land – new southern border at St. Mary’s river, gained additional coast line.

Proclamation of 1763

Stamp Act 1765 Passed in 1765 by British Parliament to

raise money for the French and Indian War

Placed a tax on newspapers, legal documents, and licenses

Sons of Liberty: a group whose daring acts came to represent the spirit of the Revolution Liberty Boys: Georgia group

(part of the larger SofL group)

Repealed in 1766, but replaced by the Declaratory Act, which stated that Britain had complete control over the colonies.

Sugar Act 1764 Taxed sugar and molasses imported

from the West Indies.

http://hoover.nara.gov/exhibits/RevAmerica/2-What/4c.TaxStamp.jpg

Colonial Response “No taxation without

representation!” Stamp Act Congress:

Colonial Representatives met in Boston to voice their disapproval Georgia sent no one

Sons of Liberty: a group of radical colonists who actively opposed Britain Georgia’s SofL group: Liberty

Boys Tories/Loyalists: loyal to Great

Britain Whigs/Patriots: Patriots seeking

freedom Committees of Correspondence:

group of colonists who exchanged letters on colonial affairs (form of communicating issues from colony to colony)

Nine stripe Sons of Liberty flag

Georgia’s Actions Georgia was the newest

colony and still greatly relied on Britain

A group of Georgians who opposed the Stamp Act met at Tondee’s Tavern in Savannah and formed the Liberty Boys to protest the tax.

Georgia’s only newspaper, The Georgia Gazette, had to stop printing until the Stamp Act was repealed a year later.

Georgia was the only colony where the Stamp was sold.

By courtesy of the Florida Center for

Instructional Technology (FCIT) at USF.

Protest against the Townshend Act – an act that placed a tax on paint, lead, paper, glass, tea.

March 1770 colonist protesting threw snow balls at British soldiers.

Soldiers fired into the crowd, killing 5 civillians

Event used as propaganda to the colonist to revolt against the king.

Boston Massacre 1770

Took place in

Massachusetts as a protest of the Tea Act

A group of Patriots dressed as Mohawk Indians, boarded three British ships and dumped 342 chests of tea into the Boston Bay.

Boston Tea Party 1773

Intolerable Acts 1774 Series of acts passed to bring

colonies under control (British name: Coercive Acts) Closed Boston Harbor until all

tea was paid for Outlawed groups such as

Sons of Liberty and committees of correspondence

Quartering Act: required colonists to feed and shelter British troops in their homes

Committees of correspondence spread the word of what was happening and called for a meeting of colonial representatives—First Continental Congress

Courts moved to England No public meetings in

Massachusetts www.history.org/History/teaching/tchcrpc2.cfm

Held secretly in Philadelphia Discussed response to Intolerable Acts

i.e. independence, changes, boycotts Defense of Natural Rights: Come from God or nature…life, liberty,

property Outcomes

Stop all trade with Great Britain Set up “Committees of Safety” to enforce the boycott

Members from all colonies EXCEPT Georgia Small group from GA met in Savannah in 1774 to discuss colonial issues Main interest: to keep good relations with the British troops protecting

their frontier from Native American attack and to keep importing goods for trade with Cherokee and Creek

Met again to officially object to the Intolerable Acts – Provincial Congress Though Gov. Wright objected and begged members to consider the

consequences of adopting measures that would anger Great Britain, the Assembly convened and discussed their rights as Americans

Wright adjourned the Assembly before any delegates could attend the Continental Congress in Philadelphia

First Continental Congress: September 1774

Conflict in Georgia: Loyalists vs. Patriots

Loyalists Britain had been very

generous to Georgia—buying huge tracts of land and opening it for settlement

Colony was doing well, despite constant threat of attack from the Creek Indians Colonists knew if an attack

occurred they would need help from British troops

Quakers: group that didn’t believe in war due to religious beliefs

Older Georgians and recent immigrants remained loyal

Germans in Ebenezer were largely Loyalists

Patriots Georgians hated the British

taxes Younger Georgians wanted

a larger and more representative legislature to run the colony

Scots around Darien strongly opposed the British

Jews in Savannah were also Patriots

Those who had been born in America were more likely to want independence

Declaration of Independence

January 1776: Common Sense: Pamphlet by Thomas Paine (propaganda)

Paine had a great influence on 2nd CC Georgia split from Great Britain

The Georgia Provincial Congress was created to fill the power void

Created “Rules and Regulations” until a more Created “Rules and Regulations” until a more permanent document (Constitution) could be created.permanent document (Constitution) could be created.

July 4, 1776: Declaration of Independence approved by 2nd Continental Congress Officially signed on August 2, 1776

Georgia Signers: Lyman Hall, George Walton, Button Georgia Signers: Lyman Hall, George Walton, Button GwinnettGwinnett

PreamblePreamble: introduction-told how the colonists felt about democracy

BodyBody: listed the 27 grievances against Great Britain ConclusionConclusion: Declared the colonies to be an independent

nation

“Shots heard around the World!”

Battles of Lexington and Concord Marked the beginning of the Revolutionary

War April 19, 1775

ConcordConcordLexingtonLexington

2nd Continental Congress

Met in Philadelphia three weeks after the battles at Lexington and Condord.

Petitioned King George III, asking him not to Petitioned King George III, asking him not to take unfriendly steps toward the Coloniestake unfriendly steps toward the Colonies King George III did not listen

Called for the creation of the Continental Called for the creation of the Continental Army under the control of George Army under the control of George WashingtonWashington

Georgia was absent until Lyman HallLyman Hall arrived midway through…Georgia eventually had 5 reps:

Lyman HallLyman Hall Archibald BullochArchibald Bulloch

John HoustonJohn Houston Nobel Wimberly JonesNobel Wimberly Jones Reverend John ZublyReverend John Zubly

February 1779: Victorious battle for Georgia

Colonel Elijah Clarke defeated more than 800 British troops at the Battle of Kettle Creek

Important to Georgia: militia was able to take weapons and horses from the British soldiers Lifted the spirits of Georgia militia

Elijah Clarke and the Battle of Kettle Creek

Austin Dabney Child of mixed parentage

and arrived in Georgia just before the war and took the place of another man in the Georgia militia

Despite much discussion as to whether Dabney was freeborn or a slave, he was accepted into the militia and injured at Kettle Creek

Given a plot of land in Madison County for payment for his services in the Revolutionary War. From The Black Presence in the Era

of the American Revolution, by S.

Kaplan and E. N. Kaplan

Nancy Hart was a Georgia Patriot who tricked British soldiers and took away their guns.

Hart County and its county seat, Hartwell, located in northeast Georgia are name for her.

Hart county is the only county in Georgia named for a woman.

Nancy Hart

Button Gwinnett

One of the most sought after autographs in the world

Lyman Hall George Walton

Youngest signer of the Declaration of Independence

Georgia Signers of the Declaration of Independence

December 1778: British forces took control

of Savannah In early September 1779, under Benjamin

Lincoln, 15,000 Americans with 4,000 French soldiers laid siege to Savannah (siege: occurs when forces try to capture a fortified fort or town by surrounding it and preventing any supplies from reaching it)

Failure for American forces Americans and the French attacked on October 9

More than 1000 men from American forces lay dead Count Casimir Pulaski (Polish) died in battle Savannah stayed in British forces for 3 ½ more

years.

Siege of Savannah

British surrender

October 18, 1781

George Washington, with the help of the French, defeat British General Lord Cornwallis

Cornwallis did not know that British ships were only 6 days away.

Battle of Yorktown

Great Britain recognizes the

colonies as the United States of America

Securing of rights to waters off the coast of Newfoundland and Canadian waters

Great Britain's ceding to the United States all territory between the Allegheny Mountains on the east and the Mississippi River on the west, thereby doubling the size of the new nation.

Treaty of Paris 1783