Results from ANTARES environmental sciences C. Tamburini Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Géochimie et Ecologie Marines (LMGEM, UMR6117), INSU, Centre d’Océanologie

Results from ANTARES Results from ANTARES environmental sciencesenvironmental sciences

C. TamburiniLaboratoire de Microbiologie, Géochimie et Ecologie Marines (LMGEM, UMR6117), INSU, Centre

d’Océanologie de Marseille – Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France

On behalf of : ANTARES Sea and Earth Sciencesand S. Escoffier, D. Lefèvre, A. Robert, C. Curtil, S. Martini, M. Canals, J. Brunner , X. Durrieu de Madron, P. Testor, F. D’Ortenzio, M. Billault, A. Kevin, P. Payre, S. Beurthey, A. Deschamps, M.

André, P. Cuny, B. Al Ali

SV

O2

100

SV

O2

SV

O2

100

IL07

Neutrino detector reveals deep ocean life (New scientists)

ANTARES telescope

Neutrino detector reveals deep ocean life (New scientists)

2400 m

Biogeochemistry

Oceanography

Sismology

Biology

Sea & Earth sciences around ANTARES

Microbialecology

Environmentalresearch

Ifremer®

2000 m

Bioluminescence

M. André’s talk

P. Charvis’ talkJ. Brunner’s talk

CéphalopodesPoissons abyssauxCnidaires

Crustacés

RadiolairesDinoflagellés MollusquesBactéries

Sources of bioluminescence in the deep

PM ANTARES

Fecal pellets

Particles flux

Luminescentbiofilm?

Attached-to-particles bacteria Free-living

bacteria

DownwellingCascading

Potential sources: 1) Particles flux constitutes the main

source of bioluminescence2) Biofouling3) Free-living bacteria

Potential sources of bioluminescent bacteria

Free-living bacteria

Symbiotic bacteria expulsed

Al Ali et al. (2010)

Study of bioluminescent bacteria

Identification of ANTARES strain

Attached-to-OM bioluminescent bacteria ?

Isolation from free-living bacteria:

Piloted Pressure Generator (PPG)

Study of growth and bioluminescence under pressure

Sub-sample

Plexiglass cone

Culture chamberHyperbaric tank

Optic fiber

Floating piston

Outlet valve

Piloted pressure generator

Photomultiplicator

Sterilizeddistilled water

Culture

Bronze screw top

End-cap

Sub-sample

Plexiglass cone

Culture chamberHyperbaric tank

Optic fiber

Floating piston

Outlet valve

Piloted pressure generator

Photomultiplicator

Sterilizeddistilled water

Culture

Bronze screw top

End-cap

At 0.1 MPa At 22 MPa

Al Ali et al. (2010)

Microscopic photographs of P. p. ANT-2200:

Tamburini et al. (in prep.)

Temps (h)

P. phoshoreum ANT-2200 growth

(A)

22 MPa

0.1 MPa

Temps (h)

P. phoshoreum ANT-2200 bioluminescence

(B)

P. phosphoreum ANT-2200: growth and bioluminescence

Environmental research…

Ifremer®

Cuny et al. (in prep.)

Evidence for Prestige fuel oil (bio)degradation at 2400 m water depth after 2 years of incubation.

Changes in the bacterial community structure likely reflect an adaptation of bacterial communities to the contamination in association with a probable selection of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria. This point is supported by the isolation of various hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria from the ANTARES station.

macrobenthic recolonisation and sediment reworking activity do not seem to have been affected by the contamination.

Tapilatu et al. (2010)Ifremer®

Isolation of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria from the water-sediment interface of ANTARES station. Sampling : POTES MER I

Station ANTARES 2400 m

slide 22/29Tapilatu et al. (2010)

O2 optode sensor (Aanderaa 3975) [O2]

MicroCAT CTD T, S

videomonitoring camera+ Optical Module bioluminescence


IODA6000 on the L12

[O2]

Oceanographic & biogeochemistry studies

100

SV

O2

SV

O2

100

Hydrophones

Deep-sea temperature, salinity & currents survey

Hydro-Changes program (CIESM)Hydro-Changes program (CIESM)

Circulation studies in the Mediterranean SeaCirculation studies in the Mediterranean Sea(contact person: I. Taupier-Letage; P. Raimbault)(contact person: I. Taupier-Letage; P. Raimbault)

(Commission Internationale pour l’Exploration Scientifique de la mer Méditerranée)

ANTARESANTARES


MicroCAT CTD T, S



IODA6000 on the L12

[O2]


100

SV

O2

SV

O2

100

Hydrophones

See D. Lefèvre’s talk

IODA6000 for ANTARES Line 12

2 O2 optode sensors: 1 external and 1 internal 435m from the bottom

IODA6000 : In situ Oxygen Dynamics Auto-sampler

25th level @ Z= 1935 m

EuroSITES project (EC FP7)

EuroSITES is a FP7 Collaborative Project (EC) which aims to form an integrated European network of 11 deep-ocean (>1000m) observatories.


MicroCAT CTD T, S



IODA6000 on the L12

[O2]


100

SV

O2

SV

O2

100

Hydrophones


MicroCAT CTD T, S

videomonitoring camera+ Optical Module


IODA6000 on the L12

[O2]


100

SV

O2

SV

O2

100

Hydrophones

bioluminescence

MERMeX

“MISTRALS” (Mediterranean Integrated STudies at

Regional And Local Scales)

For ~ 2010-2020

MOOSE STRATEGY

• CTD• IODA6000

• Camera• ADCP• Transmissometer• …

Depth(meter)

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Data

Tra

nsfe

rD

ata

Tra

nsfe

r

Dead weight

Buoy

• Hydrodynamics• Water column

biogeochemistry• Marine Ecology

• Geosciences

Autonomous Line with a Broad Acoustic Transmission for Research in Oceanography and Sea Sciences

(ALBATROSS)


(ALBATROSS)

ALBATROSS

• Develop a tool for real time multi disciplinary science• Flexibility to welcome any generic sensor• Adjust time scale of maintenance according to sensors

characteristics• Export the concept to other cabled site. This proposal intends

to demonstrate the necessity of well defined calibration procedures. The final goal of the methodology is to be able to compare measurements on different existing ESONET sites.


(ALBATROSS)


(ALBATROSS)

A Broad Acoustic Transmission for Research in Oceanography and Sea Sciences (ALBATROSS)

A Broad Acoustic Transmission for Research in Oceanography and Sea Sciences (ALBATROSS)

acoustic modem 100 Base T 400 VDC

BJS

Depth (meter)

500

1500

1000

2000

2500

Ind

ucti

ve D

ata

Tra

nsfe

r

Acoustic release

transponder

Dead weight

Buoy

Acoustic transponder (ANTARES acoustic field

for positioning during sea operation)

Acoustic Data

Transfer

1000 BaseT Fx

500 VAC From

ANTARES BJ

MII

Ind

ucti

ve D

ata

Tra

nsfe

r

BJ 400 m BJS 50 m Acoustic Modem 2000 m Line

2350 m

I have a dream…MEUST du MEUST

Deep-ESPWALLY

Thank you for your attention…

Oceanography and biogeochemistry around Antares

POTES OPERA AAMIS DARK VADOR ALBATROSS ALBATROSS NETWORK

2007 2009 2009-2010 2010 2010-2011 2011 - 2020

1 Line1 Depth1 IODA1 Microcat1 Aquadopp…0 D, delayed mode

1 Line4 Depth4 IODA4 Microcat4 Aquadopp…. 1 D delayed mode

1 Line 4 Depth4 IODA4 Microcat4 Aquadopp…1 D real time Mode

3 or more Lines 4 Depth4 IODA4 Microcat4 Aquadopp…3 D real time Mode

IL 07

ADCPCamera

OM

hydrophones CT

ADCP

Camera

OM

hydrophones

hydrophones C-Star

O2

C-Star

CTSV

hydrophone

RxTx

14.5m

80m

14.5m

14.5m

80m

98m

• CSTAR light transmission @ 660nm• CT = Conductivity-Temperature• SV = Sound Speed• ADCP = Currentmeter• GURALP seismometer• 2 optical modules • 1 Laser + 2 optical beacon• Acoustic positionning RxTx & Rx • In situ Dissolved oxygen • 2 video cameras

+• 3 floors equipped with acoustic detection

Eric KAJFASZ – CPPM 26

Instrumented mooring line (IL07)

“MISTRALS” (Mediterranean Integrated STudies at Regional And Local Scales)

“MISTRALS” is a decadal project of systematic Observation. It aims at understanding at the global change impact at a basin scale on the the ecosystem functioning.

Using a multidisciplinary approach from 2010 till 2020.

It aims at simulating the mediterranean basin evolution for the next century in term of human habitat, sustainability, and propose scenario for a better adaptation and/or mitigation. « MISTRALS » is a French initiative; to initiate a Euro-mediterranean project involving all the Mediterranean countries.

MERMEX: Marine Ecosystems Responsein the Mediterranean Experiment (2010-2020),

(https://mermex.com.univ-mrs.fr/)Response of the Med. Ecosystems to global change including temperature increase and anthropogenic pressure (contaminants). This project is a component of ‘Chantier Mediterranée Programme’ which comprises atmospheric chemistry (Charmex),

hydrometeorology (HYMEX), Biodiversity (Biodivmex), Paleomex…

PI : X. Durrieu de Madron, C. Guieu, R. Sempéré

MERMEX: Marine Ecosystems Responsein the Mediterranean Experiment (2010-2020)

• Scientific objectives

– 1. Circulation and basin scale nutrients budget– 2. Biogeochemical and ecological processes– 3. Intense natural and anthropogenic land-sea interactions– 4. Natural and anthropogenic atmosphere-sea interactions– 5. Societal and economical impacts sanitary, recreation,

resources)

Mediterranean Ocean Observing System on Environment (MOOSE)

Objectives:

Long term observatory network in the North Western Mediterranean Sea

A tool for MISTRALS (Chantier Méditerranée) and operational oceanography (SNOCO, Mercator-Coriolis)

Multidisciplinary network of fixe station & mobile plateform

Synergy between actors and mean of investigation

Life time >10 years

Objectives:

Long term observatory network in the North Western Mediterranean Sea

A tool for MISTRALS (Chantier Méditerranée) and operational oceanography (SNOCO, Mercator-Coriolis)

Multidisciplinary network of fixe station & mobile plateform

Synergy between actors and mean of investigation

Life time >10 years

MOOSE Network


MicroCAT CTD T, S



IODA6000 on the L12

[O2]

Sismology

100

SV

O2

SV

O2

100

Hydrophones

A videosurveillance camera to see macro-organisms close to the ANTARES detectors

AXIS221 videosurveillanceGood night view qualityLimit better than 0.1 lux (scene illumination)Field of view up to 90 degreeInfrared capability

Data outputEthernet

Power 9V, 5WControl of external device

Web server integrated for real time imagingSoftware for triggering and storing video sequences

Videomonitoring camera bioluminescence

J. Brunner

SV

O2

100

SV

O2

SV

O2

100

IL07

Towards an identification of deep-sea bioluminescent macro-organisms close to the ANTARES detectors

In collaboration with S. Escoffier, J.J. Aubert (CPPM)A.S. Cussat-Legras, A.F. Yao (COM)

From literature data

From PM of ANTARES

The idea was to combine literature and PM of ANTARES data to assess the incidence of events and the identification of the organism (at the group level).

Documents

Results from ANTARES environmental sciences C. Tamburini Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Géochimie et Ecologie Marines (LMGEM, UMR6117), INSU, Centre d’Océanologie