Resolute plane crash result of complex series of events: transportation board

7/22/2019 Resolute plane crash result of complex series of events: transportation board

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MV@M^@DE @EVJQ^@OM^@DE YJSDY^

M==G3339

ADE^YDKKJN FK@OG^ @E^D ^JYYM@E

IYMNKJP M@Y QJYV@AJQ K@H@^JN (F@YQ^ M@Y)

IDJ@EO ?1?-9=3A, A-OE_EYJQDKZ^J IMP, EZEMVZ^

93 MZOZQ^ 93==



^gj rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn df Amemnm (^QI) evjstòmtjn tg`s daaurrjeaj fdr tgj purpdsjdf mnvmeaèo trmespdrtmt`de smfjty. @t s edt tgj fueat`de df tgj Idmrn td mssòe fmukt drnjtjrhèj a`v`k dr ar`hèmk k`mi`k`ty.

Mv`mt`de @evjstòmt`de Yjpdrt M==G3339

Adetrdkkjn fkògt ètd tjrrmè

Irmnkjy M`r Qjrvàjs K`h`tjn (F`rst M`r)Idjèo ?1?-9=3A, A-OE_EYjsdkutj Imy, Euemvut93 Muoust 93==

Quhhmry

De 93 Muoust 93==, tgj Idjèo ?1?-9=3A adhi` m`rarmft (rjo`strmt`de A-OE_E, sjr`mk euhijr9=36?), dpjrmtjn iy Irmnkjy M`r Qjrvàjs K`h`tjn uenjr ts iusèjss emhj F`rst M`r, wms ijèofkdwe ms F`rst M`r agmrtjr fkògt 6:63 frdh Pjkkdwbe`fj, Edrtgwjst jrr`tdr`js, td Yjsdkutj Imy,Euemvut. Mt =6>9 Addrnèmtjn Ze`vjrsmk ^`hj (==>9 Ajetrmk Nmykògt ^`hj), nurèo tgjmpprdmag td Yuewmy 1:^, F`rst M`r fkògt 6:63 struab m g`kk midut = emutàmk h`kj jmst df tgjruewmy. gj m`rarmft wms njstrdyjn iy `hpmat fdrajs men me jesuèo pdst-armsg f`rj. Jògtpmssjeojrs men mkk > arjw hjhijrs sustmèjn fmtmk elur`js. gj rjhmèèo 1 pmssjeojrssustmèjn sjr`dus elur`js men wjrj rjsaujn iy Amemn`me h`k`tmry pjrsdeejk, wgd wjrj èYjsdkutj Imy ms pmrt df m h`k`tmry jxjra`sj. gj maa`njet daaurrjn nurèo nmykògt gdurs. Edjhjrojeay kdamtdr trmesh`ttjr sòemk wms jh`ttjn iy tgj m`rarmft.

Aj rmppdrt jst àomkjhjet n`spdeìkj je frmeïm`s.



^mikj df adetjets

=.3 Fmatumk èfdrhmt`de ................................................................................... = =.= G`stdry df tgj fkògt .............................................................................................................= =.9 @elur`js td pjrsdes ................................................................................................................6 =.1 Nmhmoj td m`rarmft ...............................................................................................................6 =.> Dtgjr nmhmoj .......................................................................................................................6 =.: Sjrsdeejk efdrhmt`de .........................................................................................................?

=.:.= Fkògt arjw ............................................................................................................................................. ? =.:.9 Fkògt mttjenmets ................................................................................................................................... 7 =.:.1 APYI m`r trmffà adetrdkkjrs .................................................................................................................. 7

=.6 M`rarmft èfdrhmt`de ............................................................................................................0 =.6.= M`rarmft hmètjemeaj ............................................................................................................................ 0 =.6.9 M`rarmft pjrfdrhmeaj .......................................................................................................................... == =.6.1 ^jrrmè mwmrjejss njvàjs ................................................................................................................. == =.6.> A-OE_E emvòmt`de systjhs ........................................................................................................... =9 =.6.: A-OE_E adhpmss systjhs .............................................................................................................. =1 =.6.6 Mutdp`kdt systjh ................................................................................................................................. =: =.6.? FN-=37 fkògt n`rjatdr systjh ............................................................................................................ =? =.6.7

Mtt`tunj n`rjatdr ènàmtdr ................................................................................................................. =7

=.6.0 Mpprdmag prdorjss n`spkmy meeuea`mtdrs ........................................................................................ =0 =.6.=3 Okdimk pds`t`deèo systjh ................................................................................................................. =0 =.6.== Jhjrojeay kdamtdr trmesh`ttjr .......................................................................................................... 93

=.? Hjtjdrdkdoàmk efdrhmt`de ..............................................................................................9= =.?.= Akdun aj`kèo gjògt ........................................................................................................................... 9= =.?.9 Pjkkdwbe`fj wjmtgjr mt njpmrturj .................................................................................................... 9= =.?.1 Yjsdkutj Imy wjmtgjr `ssujn ijfdrj njpmrturj ............................................................................... 9= =.?.> Yjsdkutj Imy wjmtgjr ssujn wg`kj FMI6:63 wms je rdutj .......................................................... 99 =.?.: Yjsdkutj Imy wjmtgjr `ssujn mftjr tgj maa`njet .............................................................................. 99 =.?.6 Zppjr wèns ........................................................................................................................................ 91 =.?.? _jmtgjr rjaj`vjn iy tgj arjw ........................................................................................................... 91

=.7 M`ns td emvòmt`de..............................................................................................................91 =.7.= Emvòmt`demk m`ns ................................................................................................................................ 91 =.7.9 Sdssìkj etjrfjrjeaj w`tg Yjsdkutj Imy estruhjet kmenèo systjh fueat`demk`ty .................. 9>

=.0 Adhhueàmt`des ................................................................................................................9> =.0.= Ojejrmk ................................................................................................................................................. 9>



=.0.9 Mrr`vmk men mpprdmag df BIM030 ..................................................................................................... 9> =.0.1 Adhhueàmt`de sjmrag fdr FMI6:63 ................................................................................................ 9:

=.=3 Mjrdnrdhj efdrhmt`de ....................................................................................................96 =.=3.= Yjsdkutj Imy m`rpdrt ........................................................................................................................... 96 =.=3.9 Dpjrmt`de EMEDDB mnn`t`demk rjsdurajs ..................................................................................... 9? =.=3.1 Adhhue`ty mjrdnrdhj rmn`d stmt`des ............................................................................................. 9?

=.== Fkògt rjadrnjrs ..................................................................................................................97 =.==.= Ojejrmk ................................................................................................................................................. 97 =.==.9 Fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr ............................................................................................................................ 97 =.==.1 Adabp`t vdàj rjadrnjr ....................................................................................................................... 1=

=.=9 _rjabmoj men `hpmat efdrhmt`de ..................................................................................19 =.=9.= @hpmat ................................................................................................................................................... 19 =.=9.9 _rjabmoj .............................................................................................................................................. 11

=.=1 Hjnàmk men pmtgdkdoàmk èfdrhmt`de ...........................................................................1: =.=> F`rj........................................................................................................................................1: =.=: Qurv`vmk mspjats ..................................................................................................................16

=.=:.= Yjsauj rjspdesj .................................................................................................................................. 16 =.=:.9 Jhjrojeay kdamtdr trmesh`ttjr .......................................................................................................... 16 =.=:.1 M`rarmft daaupmet sjmts / struaturmk nmhmoj .................................................................................. 1?

=.=6 ^jsts men rjsjmrag ..............................................................................................................17 =.=? Drome`zmt`demk men hmemojhjet efdrhmt`de ..............................................................17

=.=?.= F`rst M`r................................................................................................................................................. 17 =.=?.9 Mnmptmt`des df stmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjs .............................................................................. >1 =.=?.1 F`rst M`r smfjty hmemojhjet systjh smfjty dvjrsògt prdajssjs ................................................. 63 =.=?.> F`rst M`r hjtgdns df hde`tdrèo fkògt dpjrmt`des ......................................................................... 6: =.=?.: Dtgjr hjtgdns df hde`tdrèo fkògt dpjrmt`des ............................................................................. 6: =.=?.6 M`r trmffà sjrvàjs ............................................................................................................................... 6? =.=?.? Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet .............................................................................................................. ?: =.=?.7 Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet ijst prmatàjs ..................................................................................... 7= =.=?.0 Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo mt F`rst M`r ........................................................................... 7? =.=?.=3 Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo fma`k`tmt`de .................................................................. 03 =.=?.== Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet èstruatdr maarjn`tmt`de ........................................................... 0=

=.=7 Mnn`t`demk efdrhmt`de .....................................................................................................0= =.=7.= Ijgmv`durmk i`msjs .............................................................................................................................. 0= =.=7.9 ^jrrmè mwmrjejss njvàjs ................................................................................................................. 09 =.=7.1 ^rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn _mtagk`st ............................................................................................ 0> =.=7.> Qmfjty hmemojhjet systjhs .............................................................................................................. 0>

9.3 Memkys`s ................................................................................................... 06



9.= @etrdnuat`de ........................................................................................................................06 9.9 FMI6:63 mpprdmag pkmeeèo ............................................................................................06 9.1 Njsajet è`t`mt`de men hmemojhjet ...............................................................................0? 9.> Adhpmss dpjrmt`des ..........................................................................................................07

9.>.= Gjmnèo adhpmrmtdr ........................................................................................................................... 07 9.>.9 Adhpmss adetrdkkjrs hmoejtà/n`rjat`demk-oyrd sjkjat`de ........................................................... 07 9.>.1 Adhpmss adetrdkkjrs gjh`spgjrj sjkjat`de ..................................................................................... 00 9.>.> Adhpmss adetrdkkjr kmt`tunj adhpjesmtdrs ..................................................................................... 00 9.>.: Yjmk prjajss`de .................................................................................................................................... 00 9.>.6 Jmrtg rmtj prjajss`de ........................................................................................................................ =33 9.>.? Jmrtg trmespdrt rmtj prjajss`de ....................................................................................................... =33 9.>.7 Srjajss`de suhhmry ......................................................................................................................... =33 9.>.0 Ed. = men ed. 9 adhpmss systjhs ijgmv`dur ................................................................................. =33 9.>.=3 Adhpmss jrrdr ................................................................................................................................... =3=

9.: @e-rmeoj agjab ..................................................................................................................=31 9.6 Emvòmt`demk hdnjs nurèo ture detd fèmk mpprdmag ...............................................=3>

9.6.= Ojejrmk ............................................................................................................................................... =3> 9.6.9 VDY/KDA hdnj sjkjat`de mftjr ture (sajemr`d =) ........................................................................ =3> 9.6.1 VDY/KDA hdnj sjkjat`de ijfdrj ture (sajemr`d 9) ..................................................................... =3: 9.6.> Quhhmry df ture memkys`s ................................................................................................................ ==3

9.? Arjw wdrbkdmn men ètjrmat`de nurèo ture detd fèmk mpprdmag ...........................==9 9.7

Adhpkjt`de df ture men adetèumt`de df mpprdmag .....................................................==1

9.7.= M`rarmft stmtj mt adhpkjt`de df ture ................................................................................................ ==1 9.7.9 @e`t`mk n`vjrojeaj frdh kdamk`zjr ..................................................................................................... ==1 9.7.1 Fukk kdamk`zjr njfkjat`de .................................................................................................................... ==: 9.7.> Od-mrduen suoojst`de ...................................................................................................................... ==6 9.7.: Mpprdmag adetèumt`de fdkkdwèo fukk njfkjat`de ......................................................................... ==7 9.7.6 Zestmikj mpprdmag men adetèumt`de df mpprdmag ....................................................................... ==0 9.7.? Fèmk adefòurmt`de fdr kmenèo ....................................................................................................... =99 9.7.7 Fèmk pdrt`de df mpprdmag ................................................................................................................ =9:

9.0 Misjeaj df adetrdk trmesfjr nurèo fèmk mpprdmag .....................................................=9? 9.=3 Mnmptmt`des men F`rst M`r I?1? stmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjs ..............................=97

9.=3.= Mnmptmt`des ....................................................................................................................................... =97 9.=3.9 ^rmes`t`de td èstruhjet kmenèo systjh mpprdmag ..................................................................... =90

9.== FMI6:63 arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet ...........................................................................=13 9.==.= Ojejrmk ............................................................................................................................................... =13 9.==.9 Qgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss .......................................................................................................... =13 9.==.1 Adhhueàmt`des ............................................................................................................................... =19



9.==.> _drbkdmn hmemojhjet .................................................................................................................... =11 9.==.: Srdikjh sdkvèo men nja`s`de hmbèo ........................................................................................... =11 9.==.6 Quhhmry df FMI6:63 arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet...................................................................... =1>

9.=9 Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo mt F`rst M`r .......................................................=1: 9.=9.= @e`t`mk arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo................................................................................... =1: 9.=9.9 Yjaurrjet arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo ............................................................................ =1:

9.=1 Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet rjoukmt`des è Amemnm...................................................=16 9.=> Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet èstruatdr maarjn`tmt`de ................................................=1? 9.=: F`rst M`r smfjty hmemojhjet systjh ètjremk rjpdrtèo prdajssjs ..........................=1? 9.=6 APYI èstruhjet kmenèo systjh fueat`demk ty .........................................................=17 9.=? VDY sajemr`d ....................................................................................................................=17 9.=7 Ou`nmeaj fdr fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr hmètjemeaj ..........................................................=17 9.=0 ^jrrmè mwmrjejss njvàjs ..............................................................................................=10 9.93 Qurv`vmi`k`ty .....................................................................................................................=10 9.9= ED^MH systjh ...............................................................................................................=10 9.99 APYI m`r trmffà adetrdk ...................................................................................................=>3 9.91 M`rarmft hmètjemeaj .......................................................................................................=>=

9.91.= M`rwdrtgèjss n`rjat`vjs .................................................................................................................. =>= 9.91.9 Jhjrojeay kdamtdr trmesh`ttjr ........................................................................................................ =>=

9.9>

Fkògt nmtm hde`tdrèo ....................................................................................................=>9

9.9: _jmtgjr .............................................................................................................................=>9 9.96 Y`sb mssda`mtjn w`tg uestmikj mpprdmagjs ...................................................................=>1 1.3 Fènèos ................................................................................................. =>> 1.= Fènèos ms td amusjs men adetrìutèo fmatdrs............................................................=>> 1.9 Fènèos ms td r`sb ............................................................................................................=>6 1.1 Dtgjr fènèos ..................................................................................................................=>? >.3 Qmfjty Mat`de .......................................................................................... =>7 >.= Qmfjty mat`de tmbje ...........................................................................................................=>7

>.=.= ^rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn df Amemnm ......................................................................................... =>7 >.=.9 F`rst M`r............................................................................................................................................... =:3 >.=.1 Ydymk Amemn`me M`r Fdraj ................................................................................................................ =:> >.=.> ^rmespdrt Amemnm ............................................................................................................................. =::



>.=.: EMV AMEMNM ................................................................................................................................. =:: >.9 Qmfjty mat`de rjqu`rjn......................................................................................................=:6

>.9.= Zestmikj mpprdmagjs......................................................................................................................... =:6 >.1

Qmfjty adeajre ...................................................................................................................=:7

>.1.= Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo stmenmrns .......................................................................... =:7

Mppjenàjs .................................................................................................... =6= Mppjen`x M ‑ FMI6:63 sjqujeaj df jvjets ..........................................................................=6= Mppjen`x I ‑ Mpprdmag prdajnurj agmrt fdr èstruhjet mpprdmag imsjn de mrjm

emvòmt`de usèo okdimk emvòmt`de smtjkk`tj mt Yuewmy 1: ^YZJ ...........................=6? Mppjen`x A ‑ Mpprdmag prdajnurj agmrt fdr èstruhjet kmenèo systjh w`tg n`stmeaj

hjmsurèo jqu`phjet mt Yuewmy 1: ^YZJ ................................................................=67 Mppjen`x N ‑ Mpprdmag pmtg df FMI6:63 ...........................................................................=60 Mppjen`x J ‑ A-OE_E adhpmss systjhs< mnn`t`demk èfdrhmt`de .................................=?3

Adhpmss trmesfjr sw`tag ............................................................................................................................. =?3 A-OE_E adhpmss systjh gjmnèo n`strìut`de .................................................................................... =?3 Fkux vmkvj men adhpmss adetrdkkjr ............................................................................................................ =?3 @estruhjet adhpmrmtdr ............................................................................................................................... =?= Ymn`d-hmoejt a ènàmtdr ........................................................................................................................... =?= Gdr`zdetmk s`tumt`de ènàmtdr .................................................................................................................... =?9

Mppjen`x F ‑ A-OE_E mutdp`kdt systjh< mnn`t`demk efdrhmt`de ..................................=?>

Mutdp`kdt hdnj adetrdk pmejk .................................................................................................................... =?> Mutdp`kdt jeomoj sw`tagjs ......................................................................................................................... =?> Mutdp`kdt p`tag hdnj sjkjatdr .................................................................................................................... =?> Mutdp`kdt hdnj sjkjatdr .............................................................................................................................. =?> Mutdp`kdt gjmnèo sw`tag ........................................................................................................................... =?: Adetrdk wgjjk stjjrèo ................................................................................................................................ =?6

Mppjen`x O ‑ Adabp`t kmydut df A-OE_E ..........................................................................=?? Mppjen`x G ‑ FN-=37 fkògt n`rjatdr systjh< mnn`t`demk èfdrhmt`de ..............................=?7

Fkògt n`rjatdr hdnj adetrdk pmejk ............................................................................................................ =?7 Fkògt n`rjatdr hdnj adetrdk ∙ rdkk ............................................................................................................ =?7 Fkògt n`rjatdr hdnj adetrdk ∙ p`tag ......................................................................................................... =?0 Mpprdmag prdorjss n`spkmy meeuea`mtdrs ................................................................................................ =?0

Mppjen`x @ ∙ Qjqujeaj df jvjets< =691 td =611 ....................................................................=7= Mppjen`x L ‑ Qjqujeaj df jvjets< =616 td =617 ....................................................................=79 Mppjen`x B ‑ Qjqujeaj df jvjets< =617 td =6>3 ...................................................................=71



Mppjen`x K ‑ Qjqujeaj df jvjets< =6>3 td =6>= ...................................................................=7> Mppjen`x H ‑ Qjqujeaj df jvjets< =6>= td =6>=<>: .............................................................=7: Mppjen`x E ‑ Qjqujeaj df jvjets< =6>=<>: td =6>=<:9 ........................................................=76 Mppjen`x D ‑ Mkt`tunj men ok`nj pmtg ..................................................................................=7? Mppjen`x S ‑ Fkògt pmtg men kdamk`zjr .................................................................................=77 Mppjen`x ] ‑ F`rst M`r prdajnurjs fdr mutdp`kdt dpjrmt`de è HME hdnj ....................=70 Mppjen`x Y ‑ @estruhjet kmenèo systjh etjrajpt fdr mutdp`kdt VDY/KDA hdnj .....=03 Mppjen`x Q ‑ @estruhjet kmenèo systjh ètjrajpt fdr fkògt n`rjatdr è MZ^D MSS ..=0= Mppjen`x ^ ‑ F`rst M`r adhpmss dpjrmtèo pdkày men prdajnurjs fdr Edrtgjre

Ndhjstà M`rspmaj ...........................................................................................................=09 Sdkày fdr dpjrmt`des e Edrtgjre Ndhjstà M`rspmaj ............................................................................ =09 Srdajnurjs fdr ditmèèo truj gjmnèo usèo OSQ men ede-n`rjat`demk ijmade ................................. =09

Mppjen`x Z ‑ F`rst M`r mhpk`f`jn agjabk`st prdajnurjs .....................................................=0> Mhpk`f`jn prj-njsajet agjabk`st ................................................................................................................ =0> Mhpk`f`jn e-rmeoj agjabk`st ...................................................................................................................... =0> Mhpk`f`jn kmenèo agjabk`st ....................................................................................................................... =0:

Mppjen`x V ‑ Mnn`t`demk stmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjs men mnmptmt`des iy F`rst M`rarjws ..................................................................................................................................=0? ^rmesfjr df adetrdk ....................................................................................................................................... =0? Kmenèo nmtm amrn men m`rspjjn iuo sjttèos .......................................................................................... =0? Mkt`tunj amkkduts ........................................................................................................................................... =07 Njsajet trmes`t`de ........................................................................................................................................ =00 Adhhueàmt`des rmn`ds .............................................................................................................................. =00 =: 333-fddt men =3 333-fddt same/fkdw ...................................................................................................... =00 Mkt`tunj mkjrtjr ............................................................................................................................................. 933

Mppjen`x _ ∙ ED^MHQ ........................................................................................................939 Mppjen`x W ‑ K`st df mardeyhs men miirjv`mt`des ..............................................................93>



- = -

=.3 Fmatumk èfdrhmt`de

=.= G`stdry df tgj fkògt

^gj @etjremt`demk A`v`k Mv`mt`de Drome`zmt`de (@AMD) Adevjet`de de @etjremt`demkA`v`k Mv`mt`de, Meejx =1, = rjqu`rjs Qtmtjs adenuatèo maa`njet evjstòmt`des tdprdtjat adabp`t vdàj rjadrnèos. Amemnm adhpk`js w`tg tg`s rjqu`rjhjet iyhmbèo adabp`t vdàj rjadrnèos pr`v`kjojn e tgj Amemn`me ^rmespdrtmt`de Maa`njet@evjstòmt`de men Qmfjty Idmrn Mat. _g`kj tgj rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn df Amemnm(^QI) hmy hmbj usj df mey de-idmrn rjadrnèo e tgj ètjrjsts df trmespdrtmt`desmfjty, `t `s edt pjrh`ttjn td bedwèoky adhhueàmtj mey pdrt`de df me de-idmrnrjadrnèo tgmt s uerjkmtjn td tgj amusjs dr adetrìutèo fmatdrs df me maa`njet dr tdtgj njet`fàmt`de df smfjty njfà`jea`js.

^gj rjmsde fdr prdtjatèo adabp`t vdàj rjadrnjr (AVY) hmtjr`mk k`js è tgj prjh`sj

tgmt tgjsj prdtjat`des gjkp jesurj tgmt tg`s jssjet`mk hmtjr`mk s mvm`kmikj fdr tgjijejf`t df smfjty evjstòmt`des. gj QI gms mkwmys hjt `ts dikòmt`des e tg`s mrjmmen gms rjstràtjn tgj usj df AVY nmtm è `ts rjpdrts. Zekjss tgj AVY hmtjr`mk `srjqu`rjn td idtg suppdrt m fènèo men `njet`fy m suistmet`vj smfjty njfà`jeay, `tw`kk edt ij èakunjn è tgj ^QI‐s rjpdrt.

@e tg`s rjpdrt, tgj ^QI gms hmnj jxtjes`vj usj df tgj AVY rjadrnèo. @e jmagèstmeaj, tgj hmtjr`mk gms ijje amrjfukky jxmhèjn td jesurj tgmt tgj jxtrmats usjnmrj rjkmtjn td tgj amusjs dr adetrìutèo fmatdrs df tg`s maa`njet dr td tgj`njet`fàmt`de df smfjty njfà`jea`js.

^gj F`rst M`r Idjèo ?1?-9=3A adhi` 9 m`rarmft njpmrtjn Pjkkdwbe`fj (AP\F), Edrtgwjst^jrr`tdr`js, mt =>>3 1 ms F`rst M`r fkògt 6:63 (FMI6:63) de m agmrtjr fkògt td Yjsdkutj Imy(APYI), Euemvut, w`tg == pmssjeojrs, > arjw hjhijrs, men frjògt de idmrn.

^gj estruhjet fkògt rukjs (@FY) fkògt frdh AP\F wms fkògt-pkmeejn td tmbj 9 gdurs men 3:hèutjs mt >96 bedts truj m`rspjjn men m aru`sj mkt`tunj df fkògt kjvjk (FK) 1=3. > M`r trmffàadetrdk (MÂ) akjmrjn FMI6:63 td njstèmt`de v`m tgj fkògt-pkmeejn rdutj< AP\F n`rjat td tgjID^JY etjrsjat`de, tgje n`rjat td tgj Amhir`noj Imy (AI) ede-n`rjat`demk ijmade (ENI), tgjen`rjat td ?9³ E, =33³>:' _, men tgje n`rjat td APYI (Fòurj =). ^gj pkmeejn mktjremtj m`rpdrtwms Gmkk Ijmag (APZW), Euemvut. gj jst`hmtjn t`hj df mrr`vmk (J^M) mt APYI wms =6>:.

= @etjremt`demk A`v`k Mv`mt`de Drome`zmt`de, Meejx =1 td tgj Adevjet`de de @etjremt`demk A`v`kMv`mt`de, M`rarmft Maa`njet men @ea`njet @evjstòmt`de, =3tg jn`t`de (93=3), Mhjenhjet => (:.=9)

9 M adhi` m`rarmft gms m pmrt`mkky pmssjeojr men pmrt`mkky frjògt amiè kmydut.

1 Mkk t`hjs mrj Addrnèmtjn Ze`vjrsmk ^`hj (ZÂ) (Ajetrmk Nmyk ogt ^`hj pkus : gdurs). ZÂ s usjnnuj td hukt`pkj t`hj zdejs men usmoj è hukt`pkj nmtm sdurajs.

> Fkògt kjvjk (FK) 1=3 `s mpprdx`hmtjky 1= 333 fjjt midvj sjm kjvjk (msk).



- 9 -

^gj amptmè daaup`jn tgj kjft sjmt men wms njsòemtjn ms tgj p`kdt fkyèo (SF). ^gj f`rst dffàjr(FD) daaup`jn tgj rògt sjmt men wms njsòemtjn ms tgj p`kdt edt fkyèo (SEF).

Ijfdrj njpmrturj, F`rst M`r n`spmtag prdv`njn tgj arjw w`tg me dpjrmt`demk fkògt pkme (DFS)tgmt eakunjn fdrjamst men disjrvjn wjmtgjr efdrhmt`de fdr AP\F, APYI, men APZW, ms wjkkms ED^MH (edtàj td m`rhje) efdrhmt`de.

Ymnmr nmtm sgdw tgmt FMI6:63 jetjrjn tgj Edrtgjre Ndhjstà M`rspmaj (ENM) :3 emutàmkh`kjs (eh) edrtgjmst df AP\F, mpprdx`hmtjky mt Y@IZE wmypdèt (61³==.>' E, ==1³19.0' _) mt=>:3.

Nurèo tgj ak`hi men mftjr kjvjkèo mt FK1=3, tgj arjw rjaj`vjn APYI wjmtgjr upnmtjs frdh madhpmey n`spmtagjr (Mppjen`x M). gj arjw men n`spmtagjr n`saussjn njtjr`drmt eo wjmtgjraden`t`des mt APYI men wgjtgjr tgj fkògt sgdukn rjture td AP\F, prdajjn td tgj mktjremtjAPZW, dr adetèuj td APYI. gj arjw men n`spmtagjr ldètky morjjn tgmt tgj fkògt wduknadetèuj td APYI.

Fòurj =. Ydutj hmp (`hmoj< Oddokj Jmrtg, w`tg meedtmt`des iy ^QI)



- 1 -

Mt =6=6, tgj arjw prdormhhjn tgj okdimk pds`t`deèo systjhs (OSQ) td prdajjn frdh tgj`raurrjet je-rdutj pds`t`de n`rjat td tgj HZQM^ etjrhjn`mtj wmypdèt de tgj YEMV (OEQQ) : Yuewmy (Y_P) 1: ^YZJ mpprdmag mt APYI (Mppjen`x I), wgàg gmn prjv`dusky ijje kdmnjnètd tgj OSQ ue`ts iy tgj arjw. ^gj arjw wjrj pkmeeèo td trmes`t`de td me @KQ/NHJ 6 Y_P 1:^YZJ mpprdmag (Mppjen`x A) v`m tgj HZQM^ wmypdèt.

M tjhpdrmry h`k`tmry tjrhèmk adetrdk mrjm (HÂM) gmn ijje pkmeejn, e drnjr td suppdrt meèarjmsj e m`r trmffà mt APYI rjsuktèo frdh m h`k`tmry jxjra`sj, Dpjrmt`de EMEDDB. ? Mh`k`tmry tjrhèmk adetrdk ue t mt APYI wms td gmenkj m`rspmaj frdh ?33 fjjt midvj orduen kjvjk(mok) up td FK933 w`tgè 73 eh df APYI.

Adhhjeaèo mt =699<=6, tgj FD hmnj 1 trmesh`ss`des ijfdrj jstmik`sgèo adetmat w`tg tgj EMVAMEMNM Jnhdetde Mrjm Adetrdk Ajetrj (MAA) adetrdkkjr. Mt =691<90, tgj EMV AMEMNMJnhdetde MAA adetrdkkjr akjmrjn FMI6:63 td njsajen dut df adetrdkkjn m`rspmaj men td mnv`sjwgje kjmvèo FK9?3. gj arjw wjrj mksd mnv`sjn td metà`pmtj amkkèo tgj APYI tjrhèmk adetrdkue`t mftjr kjmvèo FK9?3, men tgmt tgjrj wdukn ij m kmyjr df ueadetrdkkjn m`rspmaj ijtwjjeFK9?3 men FK933. ^gj FD mabedwkjnojn tgj èfdrhmt`de. FMI6:63 adhhjeajn njsajet frdh

FK1=3 mt =691<>3 mt =3= eh frdh APYI.

^gj arjw è`t`mtjn tgj prj-njsajet agjabk`st mt =69> men adhpkjtjn `t mt =69:.

Mt =696, tgj arjw mnv`sjn tgj EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA adetrdkkjr tgmt tgjy wjrj kjmvèoFK963. Mt =69?<30, tgj FD suisjqujetky amkkjn tgj APYI tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr men prdv`njn meJ^M df =6>1 men adhhueàmtjn etjet`des td adenuat m Yuewmy 1: mpprdmag. Ymn`d rjmnmi`k`tyijtwjje FMI6:63 men tgj APYI tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr wms pddr, men tgj APYI tjrhèmkadetrdkkjr mnv`sjn tgj arjw td try momè wgje m fjw h`kjs akdsjr.

Mt =690, tgj arjw adetmatjn tgj F`rst M`r mojet mt APYI de tgj adhpmey frjqujeay. ^gj arjw

mnv`sjn tgj mojet df tgj`r jst`hmtjn mrr`vmk t`hj men fujk rjqujst. ^gj arjw tgje adetmatjn tgjAPYI tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr momè, men wjrj mnv`sjn tgmt adhhueàmt`des wjrj edw ijttjr. ^gjAPYI tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr mnv`sjn tgmt tgj HÂM wms edt yjt dpjrmt`demk, men prdv`njn tgjmkt`hjtjr sjttèo men trmffà èfdrhmt`de fdr medtgjr eiduen fkògt. 7 ^gj APYI tjrhèmkadetrdkkjr tgje estruatjn tgj arjw td adetmat tgj APYI tdwjr adetrdkkjr 0 mt tgj`r n`sarjt`de.^gj FD mabedwkjnojn tgj trmffà men tgj èstruat`de td adetmat APYI tdwjr.

: @estruhjet mpprdmag imsjn de mrjm emvòmt`de (YEMV) usèo m okdimk emvòmt`de smtjkk`tj systjh

(OEQQ)6 @estruhjet kmenèo systjh (@KQ) w`tg n`stmeaj hjmsurèo jqu`phjet (NHJ)

? Mkk rjfjrjeajs td m r trmffà sjrvàjs mt APYI rjfjr td h`k`tmry jqu`phjet men pjrsdeejk, uekjssdtgjrw`sj stmtjn.

7 Ijjagarmft Adrpdrmt`de Hdnjk 00 m`rarmft, dpjrmtèo ms BIM030

0 APYI ndjs edt edrhmkky gmvj m tdwjr adetrdkkjr2 tg`s adetrdk sjrvàj wms m tjhpdrmry h k`tmryfma`k`ty è dpjrmt`de mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet.



- > -

Mt =61=, tgj arjw adetmatjn tgj APYI tdwjr adetrdkkjr, wgd mnv`sjn tgjh df tgj mkt`hjtjrsjttèo (90.7= eagjs df hjraury Rè. GoX) men wèns (jst`hmtjn =3 =63³ truj R^X mt =3 bedts), menèstruatjn tgjh td rjpdrt =3 eh fèmk fdr Yuewmy 1:^. ^gj arjw msbjn tgj tdwjr adetrdkkjr fdr mruewmy aden`t`de rjpdrt, men wms mnv`sjn tgmt tgj ruewmy wms m k`ttkj wjt men tgmt ed m`rarmftgmn usjn `t nurèo tgj hdreèo. ^gj FD mabedwkjnojn tg`s èfdrhmt`de.

^gj arjw è`t`mtjn tgj è-rmeoj agjabk`st mt =619 men adhpkjtjn `t mt =61?. Mt =61?, tgjy ijomeadefòurèo tgj m`rarmft fdr mpprdmag men kmenèo, men e`t`mtjn tgj kmenèo agjabk`st.

Mt =617<9=, FMI6:63 adhhjeajn m kjft ture lust ijfdrj rjmagèo HZQM^ wmypdèt. Mt tgj t`hjdf tgj ture, tgj m`rarmft wms midut 633 fjjt midvj tgj @KQ ok`njskdpj mt =7> bedts ènàmtjnm`rspjjn (B@MQ). ^gj trmab frdh HZQM^ wmypdèt td tgj tgrjsgdkn df Yuewmy 1:^ `s 1>?³^,wgàg adèa`njs w`tg tgj kdamk`zjr trmab fdr tgj @KQ/NHJ Y_P 1: YZJ mpprdmag. Mftjr rdkkèodut df tgj kjft ture, FMI6:63 prdajjnjn de m trmab df mpprdx`hmtjky 1:3³^ (Mppjen`x N).

Mt =617<19, tgj arjw rjpdrtjn =3 eh fèmk fdr Yuewmy 1:^. ^gj amptmè amkkjn fdr tgj ojmr td ijkdwjrjn mt =617<17 men fdr fkmps =: mt =617<>9. M`rspjjn mt tgj t`hj df idtg df tgjsj amkks wms =??

B@MQ. Mt =617<10, tgj APYI tdwjr adetrdkkjr mabedwkjnojn tgj arjw‐s rjpdrt men estruatjntgjh td rjpdrt 1 eh fèmk. Mt =617<>6, tgj FD rjqujstjn tgmt tgj tdwjr rjpjmt tgj kmsttrmesh`ss`de. Mt =617<>0, tgj tdwjr rjpjmtjn tgj rjqujst td amkk 1 eh fèmk2 tgj FDmabedwkjnojn tgj amkk. Mt tg`s pdèt e tgj mpprdmag, tgj arjw gmn m kjeotgy n`sauss`de midutm`rarmft emvòmt`de (^mikj =).

^mikj =. S`kdt n`sauss`de rjomrnèo m`rarmft emvòmt`de

=610<=1 td=610<13

FD hmbjs : stmtjhjets rjomrnèo m`rarmft kmtjrmk n`spkmajhjet frdh njs`rjntrmab.

=610<11 td

=610<1?

Amptmè hmbjs 9 stmtjhjets ènàmtèo smt`sfmat`de tgmt tgj mutdp`kdt `s

trmabèo prdpjrky.=610<>6 FD hmbjs stmtjhjet midut trmab njv`mt`de n`spkmyjn de OSQ.

=610<:? FD stmtjs tgjy mrj edt de mutd mpprdmag, lust de tgj fkògt n`rjatdr.

=6>3<3? FD qujr`js amptmè td adef`rh fukk njfkjat`de.

=6>3<37 Amptmè adeaurs, men qujst`des wgy fukk njfkjat`de wgje tgjy mrj de tgjkdamk`zjr.

=6>3<== FD stmtjs tgjy mrj edt de tgj kdamk`zjr.

=6>3<=> Amptmè stmtjs ‛@t‐s ampturjn2 tje tgrjj `s tgj kdamk`zjr4‘

=6>3<=? FD n`smorjjs de kdamk`zjr ampturj men rjhèns tgj amptmè midut tgj g`kk td tgjrògt df tgj ruewmy.

=6>3<91 FD stmtjs OSQ `s mksd sgdwèo td tgj rògt.

=6>3<9: FD qujst`des amptmè ms td wgjtgjr tgjy n`n sdhjtgèo wrdeo.

=3 ^gj tdwjr adetrdkkjr wms rjqu`rjn td usj tgj wdrn ‛jst`hmtjn‘ wgje prdv`nèo wèn èfdrhmt`de tdp`kdts, ijamusj tgj hdi`kj mejhdhjtjr usjn iy APYI m`r trmffà adetrdk (MÂ) n`n edt hjjt tgjgjògt-midvj-orduen stmenmrn fdr mejhdhjtjrs.



- : -

=6>3<13 FD stmtjs dpè`de tgmt tgjy sgdukn mimende tgj mpprdmag men tgje sdkvj tgjemvòmt`demk prdikjh.

=6>3<11 Amptmè ènàmtjs tgmt gj pkmes td adetèuj tgj mpprdmag.

=6>3<1: FD mabedwkjnojs amptmè‐s pkme td adetèuj tgj mpprdmag.

Mt =6>3<16, FMI6:63 njsajenjn tgrduog =333 fjjt midvj f`jkn jkjvmt`de. Ijtwjje =6>3<>= men=6>=<==, tgj amptmè `ssujn èstruat`des td adhpkjtj tgj adefòurmt`de fdr kmenèo, men tgj FDhmnj sjvjrmk stmtjhjets rjomrnèo m`rarmft emvòmt`de men adrrjat`vj mat`de. Mt =6>=<13, tgjarjw rjpdrtjn 1 eh fèmk fdr Yuewmy 1:^. ^gj APYI tdwjr adetrdkkjr mnv`sjn tgmt tgj wènwms edw jst`hmtjn td ij =:3³^ mt ? bedts, akjmrjn FMI6:63 td kmen Yuewmy 1:^, men mnnjn tgjtjrh ‛agjab ojmr ndwe‘ ms rjqu`rjn iy tgj EMV AMEMNM M`r ^rmffà Adetrdk Hmeumk dfDpjrmt`des (MÂ HMEDSQ) Amemn`me Fdrajs Quppkjhjet (AF MÂ Qup) Mrtàkj 1>>.1. ==

FMI6:63‐s rjspdesj td tgj tdwjr (=6>=<10) wms aut dff, men tgj tdwjr rjqujstjn tgj arjw td smymomè. gjrj wms ed furtgjr adhhueàmt de w`tg tgj fkògt. gj tdwjr adetrdkkjr n`n edt gmvjv`sumk adetmat w`tg FMI6:63 mt mey t`hj. ^mikj 9 ènàmtjs tgj jvjets de fèmk mpprdmag.

^mikj 9. Jvjets de fèmk mpprdmag

=6>=<>=.= FD stmtjs ‛Lust dvjr tgj sgdrjkèj.‘

=6>=<>6 S`tag ijoès td èarjmsj frdh ∙:³

=6>=<>6.6 FD amkks amptmè iy f`rst emhj2 stmtjs ‛@ nde‐t k`bj tg`s.‘

=6>=<>?.? OS_Q< ‛Qèb rmtj‘

=6>=<>0.3 FD stmtjs ‛Od fdr `t.‘

=6>=<>0.9 OS_Q< ‛Hè`huhs‘

=6>=<:3.= FD stmtjs ‛Od mrduen.‘

=6>=<:3.? OS_Q< ‛Hè`huhs‘=6>=<:=.9 Amptmè amkks ‛Od-mrduen tgrust.‘

OS_Q< orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo systjh

Mt =6>=<:=.7, ms tgj arjw wjrj e`t`mtèo m od-mrduen, FMI6:63 adkk`njn w`tg tjrrmè midut = ehjmst df tgj h`npdèt df tgj APYI ruewmy. ^gj maa`njet daaurrjn nurèo nmykògt gdurs men wmskdamtjn mt ?>³>9':?.1" E, 0>³::'>.3" _, mt 106 fjjt midvj hjme sjm kjvjk.

^gj > arjw hjhijrs men 7 pmssjeojrs wjrj fmtmkky elurjn. grjj pmssjeojrs surv`vjn tgjmaa`njet men wjrj rjsaujn frdh tgj s`tj iy Amemn`me h`k`tmry pjrsdeejk, wgd wjrj e APYI

pmrtà`pmtèo è Dpjrmt`de EMEDDB. ^gj surv`vdrs wjrj suisjqujetky jvmaumtjn frdh APYIde m Amemn`me Fdrajs AA-=?? m`rarmft.

== ^gj Amemn`me Fdrajs usj tgj EMV AMEMNM M`r ^rmffà Adetrdk Hmeumk df Dpjrmt`des (MÂHMEDSQ) fdr tgj adenuat df m`r trmffà sjrvàjs. Mnn`t`demkky, tgjy jhpkdy tgj Amemn`me FdrajsQuppkjhjet td MÂ HMEDSQ (AF MÂ Qup) fdr mey n`ffjrjeajs tgmt pjrtmè td spja`fà h`k`tmryprdajnurjs.



- 6 -

=.9 @elur`js td pjrsdes

^mikj 1. @elur`js td pjrsdes

Arjw Smssjeojrs Dtgjrs ^dtmk

Fmtmk > 7 ∙ =9

Qjr`dus ∙ 1 ∙ 1

Hèdr/edej ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

^dtmk > == ∙ =:

=.1 Nmhmoj td m`rarmft

^gj orduen samrs mt tgj e`t`mk hpmat kdamt`de wjrj ades`stjet w`tg adetmat df tgj VGF (vjrygòg frjqujeay) ed. 9 metjeem, =9 edsj-ojmr ormvjk njfkjatdr, kjft men rògt hmè kmenèo ojmr,

men kjft men rògt jeoèjs. gjrj wms ed njir`s dròèmtèo frdh tgj fusjkmoj, sd tgj fusjkmojk`bjky n`n edt adetmat tgj orduen mt tgj è`t`mk `hpmat. ^gj fdraj df tgj è`t`mk `hpmat wmssuffà`jet td amusj tgj sjpmrmt`de df tgj jeoèjs men hmè kmenèo ojmr.

Mftjr tgj e`t`mk hpmat, tgj m`rarmft adetèujn de m imkk`stà trmljatdry =1 è akdsj prdx`h`ty td tgjorduen, ijfdrj adetmatèo tgj orduen m sjaden t`hj midut 633 fjjt frdh tgj e`t`mk hpmat. Mftjrtg`s sjaden hpmat, tgj m`rarmft struaturj wms jxtjes`vjky irdbje up, men sjpmrmtjn etd 1 hmèsjat`des men euhjrdus shmkkjr njir`s p`jajs.

^gj deky f`rj nmhmoj disjrvjn wms td tgj ajetrj fusjkmoj men wèos, wgjrj tgjrj wms m sjvjrjpdst-armsg f`rj. gj m`rarmft wms njstrdyjn iy tgj hpmat fdrajs men tgj jesuèo pdst-armsg f`rj.

=.> Dtgjr nmhmoj

Mpprdx`hmtjky 906 k`trjs df fujk wjrj rjadvjrjn frdh tgj kjft wèo tmeb nurèo tgj de-s`tjèvjstòmt`de. Ed fujk rjhmèjn e tgj rògt wèo tmeb nuj td tgj pdst-armsg f`rj. gj fujkrjhmèèo mt hpmat wms amkaukmtjn imsjn de tgj edhèmk tmeb ampma`t`js, rjfujkkèo rjadrns,men fkògt pkme rjadrns. Imsjn de tgjsj amkaukmt`des, tgj tdtmk mhduet df fujk sp`kkjn men/driurejn ms m rjsukt df tgj daaurrjeaj wms jst`hmtjn td ij 7==7 k`trjs.

=9 ^gj VGF (vjry gòg frjqujeay) ed. 9 metjeem `s kdamtjn mt idny stmt`de ???, de tgj idttdh ajetjrkèjdf tgj fusjkmoj.

=1 M imkk stà trmljatdry s tgj trmljatdry trmajn mftjr tgj prdpuks`vj fdraj s tjrhèmtjn men tgj idny `smatjn upde deky iy ormv`ty men mjrdnyemhà nrmo (Nàt`demry df H`k`tmry men Mssda`mtjn ^jrhs,Suikàmt`de LS =-39, Ze`tjn Qtmtjs (ZQ) Njpmrthjet df Njfjeaj R933:X).



- ? -

=.: Sjrsdeejk èfdrhmt`de

=.:.= Fkògt arjw

Imsjn de mvm`kmikj rjadrns, tgj p`kdts wjrj ajrt`f`jn men qumk`f`jn fdr tgj fkògt è maadrnmeajw`tg jx`stèo rjoukmt`des.

^mikj >. Fkògt arjw èfdrhmt`de

Amptmè F`rst dffàjr

S`kdt kàjeajM`rkèj trmespdrtp`kdt kàjeaj

M`rkèj trmespdrtp`kdt kàjeaj

Hjnàmk jxp`ry nmtj 3= Edvjhijr 93== 3= Hmy 93=9

^dtmk fkyèo gdurs =9 0=3 >7>7

Gdurs de typj :933 =31

Gdurs kmst ? nmys 93 =3Gdurs kmst 13 nmys >: :7

Gdurs kmst 03 nmys =3: =31

Gdurs de typj kmst 03 nmys =3: =31

Gdurs de nuty ijfdrj daaurrjeaj 1 1

Gdurs dff nuty ijfdrj wdrb pjr`dn == 7:

=.:.=.= Amptmè

^gj amptmè wms g`rjn iy F`rst M`r è Hmrag =006 ms me FD de tgj nj Gmv`kkmen Amemnm K`h`tjn

NGA-6 ^wè Dttjr. @e Fjirumry =007, tgj amptmè wms mwmrnjn me FD pds`t`de de tgj GmwbjrQ`nnjkjy GQ-?>7, men è Datdijr =000, wms hdvjn up td me FD pds`t`de de tgj Idjèo ?1?(I?1?). ^gj amptmè fkjw ms me FD de tgj I?1? uet`k Hmy 9337, wgje prdhdtjn td m amptmèpds`t`de.

Nurèo tgj =: yjmrs df jhpkdyhjet mt F`rst M`r, tgj amptmè omèjn jxpjr`jeaj fkyèo è tgjMratà men wms fmh`k`mr w`tg ueadetrdkkjn m`rspmaj dpjrmt`des mt Yjsdkutj Imy (APYI). gjamptmè rjaj`vjn e`t`mk arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet (AYH) trmèèo e Fjirumry =00?2 tgjamptmè‐s kmst rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo wms adhpkjtjn e Edvjhijr 93=3.

Nurèo tgj ?9 gdurs ijfdrj tgj maa`njet, tgj amptmè wms de fkògt stmtus. Gj gmn m nuty pjr`dn

df ? gdurs de =? Muoust, fdkkdwjn iy =6.: gdurs df rjst. De =7 Muoust, gj gmn m nuty pjr`dn dfejmrky =9 gdurs fdkkdwjn iy =? gdurs df rjst, men de =0 Muoust, gj gmn m nuty pjr`dn df :.:gdurs fdkkdwjn iy == gdurs df rjst ijfdrj rjpdrtèo fdr nuty de 93 Muoust. Fmtòuj wms edtades`njrjn m adetrìutèo fmatdr.



- 7 -

=.:.=.9 F`rst dffàjr

^gj FD wms g`rjn iy F`rst M`r è Qjptjhijr 933? ms me FD de tgj Mv`des nj trmespdrt rào`demkM^Y->9. @e Muoust 9330, tgj FD wms mwmrnjn m amptmè pds`t`de de tgj M^Y->9. @e Luej 93==,tgj FD wms hdvjn up td me FD pds`t`de de tgj I?1?. Nurèo tgj > yjmrs df jhpkdyhjet mt F`rstM`r, tgj FD omèjn jxpjr`jeaj fkyèo kmroj m`rarmft è tgj Mratà. Ijfdrj ijèo g`rjn iy F`rst M`r,

tgj FD wms jhpkdyjn iy medtgjr adhhjra`mk dpjrmtdr è AP\F fkyèo vmr`dus shmkk m`rarmft.^gj FD rjaj`vjn e`t`mk AYH trmèèo e Qjptjhijr 933?2 tgj FD‐s kmst rjaurrjet AYH trmèèowms adhpkjtjn è Hmrag 93==.

^gj FD wms dff nuty nurèo tgj ?9 gdurs ijfdrj 93 Muoust2 fmtòuj wms edt ades`njrjn madetrìutèo fmatdr.

=.:.9 Fkògt mttjenmets

Maadrnèo td tgj rjadrns prdv`njn iy tgj dpjrmtdr, idtg fkògt mttjenmets wjrj mpprdpr`mtjkytrmèjn, men mkk qumk`fàmt`des wjrj aurrjet e maadrnmeaj w`tg tgj mpprdvjn adhpmey trmèèo

prdormh. ^gj rjst sagjnukjs df idtg fkògt mttjenmets hjt adhpmey men rjoukmtdryrjqu`rjhjets.

=.:.1 APYI m`r trmffà adetrdkkjrs

=.:.1.= ^jrhèmk adetrdkkjr

^gj h`k`tmry tjrhèmk adetrdk mrjm (HÂM) adetrdkkjr gmn ijje jhpkdyjn ms m adetrdkkjr e tgjh`k`tmry fdr 1 yjmrs. ^gj adetrdkkjr hjt mkk trmèèo men qumk`fàmt`de rjqu`rjhjets e maadrnmeajw`tg Amemn`me Fdrajs Mnhè`strmt`vj Drnjr 0-=7 (m`r trmffà adetrdk RMÂX kàjesèo).@estruhjet fkògt rukjs (@FY) ajrt`fàmt`de wms mttmèjn e 9337. gj adetrdkkjr gmn ijje de nutysèaj =933. ^gj adetrdkkjr gmn edt ijje de nuty nurèo tgj prjv`dus ?9 gdurs. Fmtòuj wms edt

ades`njrjn me `ssuj.

=.:.1.9 ^dwjr adetrdkkjr

^gj tdwjr adetrdkkjr gmn ijje jhpkdyjn ms m adetrdkkjr è tgj h`k`tmry fdr =3 hdetgs. ^gjadetrdkkjr hjt mkk trmèèo men qumk`fàmt`de rjqu`rjhjets e maadrnmeaj w`tg Amemn`me FdrajsMnhè`strmt`vj Drnjr 0-=7 (MÂ kàjesèo). V`sumk fkògt rukjs (VFY) ajrt`fàmt`de wms mttmèjnè Njajhijr 93=3. gj adetrdkkjr rjaj`vjn ir`jfèo men tjstèo de tgj APYI kdamk prdajnurjsijfdrj adhhjeaèo dpjrmt`des. gj adetrdkkjr n`n edt gmvj, men wms edt rjqu`rjn td gmvj, me@FY adetrdk ajrt`fàmt`de. gj adetrdkkjr gmn ijje de nuty sèaj =933. @e tgj prjv`dus ?9 gdurs,tgj adetrdkkjr gmn ijje de nuty fdr m tdtmk df =7 gdurs. Fmtòuj wms edt ades`njrjn me ssuj.



- 0 -

=.6 M`rarmft èfdrhmt`de

^mikj :. M`rarmft èfdrhmt`de

Hmeufmaturjr ^gj Idjèo Adhpmey

^ypj men hdnjk ?1?-9=3A

Pjmr df hmeufmaturj =0?:

Qjr`mk ed. 9=36?

Ajrt`fàmtj df m`rwdrtgèjss `ssuj nmtj 36 Hmrag 9331

Ajrt`fàmtj df rjo`strmt`de `ssuj nmtj 97 Mpr`k 9336

Yjo`stjrjn td Irmnkjy M`r Qjrvàjs K`h`tjn

^rmnj emhj usjn (ndèo iusèjss ms) F`rst M`r

^dtmk m`rfrmhj t`hj 76 =03 gdurs (mpprdx`hmtj)

Jeoèj typj (ed.) Srmtt & _g`tejy L^7N-=? (9)

Hmx`huh mkkdwmikj tmbj-dff wjògt ==0 :33 pduens

=.6.= M`rarmft hmètjemeaj

=.6.=.= Ojejrmk

F`rst M`r Hmètjemeaj Qjrvàjs s tgj dpjrmtdr‐s pr`hmry prdv`njr df m`rarmft hmètjemeajsjrvàjs. @t `s dwejn men dpjrmtjn iy F`rst M`r uenjr m sjpmrmtj mpprdvjn hmètjemeajdrome`zmt`de ajrt`fàmtj. gj daaurrjeaj m`rarmft (A-OE_E) wms td ij hmètmèjn e maadrnmeajw`tg tgj hmètjemeaj prdormh mpprdvjn iy rmespdrt Amemnm (Â). ^gj dpjrmtdr‐shmètjemeaj adetrdk hmeumk s tgj ndauhjet usjn td hpkjhjet tgj prdormh. Dtgjr tgme tgj 9m`rwdrtgèjss n`rjat`vjs (MNs) hjet`dejn ijkdw, tgjrj wjrj ed dtgjr n`sarjpmea`js w`tg tgj

hmètjemeaj prdormh.

MNs mrj èstruat`des tgmt spja`fy spja`mk espjat`des, adhpdejet rjpkmajhjets, dr hdn`fàmt`destgmt mrj rjqu`rjn td jesurj tgj adetèuèo m`rwdrtgèjss df m`rarmft. MNs mrj ssujn wgjejxpjr`jeaj rjvjmks m fueat`demk dr struaturmk gmzmrn mffjatèo fkògt smfjty tgmt rjqu`rjs`hhjn`mtj mttjet`de. MNs mrj ssujn iy tgj a`v`k mv`mt`de mutgdr`ty. @e Amemnm, tgjy mrj `ssujniy Â, wgàg stmtjs tgj fdkkdwèo< =>

Adhpk`meaj w`tg MNs `s jssjet`mk td m`rwdrtgèjss. Sursumet td Amemn`me Mv`mt`deYjoukmt`des (AMY) 63:.7>, m`rarmft dwejrs mrj rjspdesìkj fdr jesurèo tgmt tgj`rm`rarmft mrj edt fkdwe w`tg mey MNs dutstmenèo momèst tgmt m`rarmft, ts jeoèjs,prdpjkkjrs dr dtgjr tjhs df jqu`phjet. …_gje adhpk`meaj w`tg me MN `s edt

hjt, tgj fkògt mutgdr`ty `s edt è jffjat men tgj m`rarmft `s edt ades`njrjn td ijm`rwdrtgy.

=> ^rmespdrt Amemnm, ^S =>1?= ∙ ^rmespdrt Amemnm Mjrdemutàmk @efdrhmt`de Hmeumk (Â M@H), KYM ∙Kàjesèo, Yjo`strmt`de men M`rwdrtgèjss (=? Datdijr 93=1), sjat`de :.?, mvm`kmikj mtgttp<//www.ta.oa.am/hjn`m/ndauhjets/am-puikàmt`des/KYM-M@H-93=1-9TJEO-0.pnf (kmstmaajssjn de 30 Njajhijr 93=1)



- =3 -

^gj fkògt mutgdr`ty pjrtmèèo td tgj daaurrjeaj m`rarmft wms tgj ajrt`fàmtj df m`rwdrtgèjss.

@t s tgj rjspdesì`k`ty df tgj dpjrmtdr td rjv`jw men jvmkumtj MNs. Mkk m`rarmft-/adhpdejet-rjkmtjn MNs, wgjtgjr n`rjatèo dej-t`hj deky, rjpjt`t`vj dr tjrhèmtèo mat`de, mrj jetjrjn etgj adhpmeys hmètjemeaj prdormh sdftwmrj. gj dpjrmtdr tgje njvjkdps sjrvàj hmètjemeaj

prdajnurjs men sjrvàj hmètjemeaj mat`des, men adhpkjtjs tgj wdrb de tgj m`rarmft.

^gj ^QI rjv`jwjn tgj daaurrjeaj m`rarmft rjadrns fdr tgj pjr`dn df 37 Njajhijr 9337 td 93Muoust 93==. M k`st df tgj MNs mppkàmikj td tgj daaurrjeaj m`rarmft wms rjtr`jvjn frdh tgj Â_ji s`tj. ^g`s k`st wms adhpmrjn td tgj MNs rjadrnjn è tgj m`rarmft kdoiddbs, men mkk mppkàmikjMNs wjrj rjadrnjn ms adhpkjtjn.

Quisjqujet evjstòmt`de rjvjmkjn tgmt edt mkk rjqu`rjn mat`des wjrj adhpkjtjn fdr 9 MNs.

=.6.=.9 M`rwdrtgèjss N`rjat`vj 933>-=0-=3

M`rwdrtgèjss N`rjat`vj (MN) 933>-=0-=3 rjqu`rjn espjat`de df tgj gdr`zdetmk stmi`k`zjr dutjrmen eejr p`vdt gèoj pès fdr adrrds`de dr armabèo. Fm`kurj df tgj dutjr men eejr gèoj pèsadukn mkkdw tgj pès td hòrmtj dut df tgj ldèt men rjsukt e etjrh`ttjet hdvjhjet df tgjgdr`zdetmk stmi`k`zjr struaturj men adesjqujet kdss df adetrdkkmi`k ty df tgj m`rarmft.

Ms m rjsukt df m rjadrns mun`t adenuatjn iy tgj dpjrmtdr è Qjptjhijr 93=9, `t wms njtjrhèjntgmt edt mkk df tgj espjat`de rjqu`rjhjets df MN 933>-=0-=3 gmn ijje adhpkjtjn. gj sjrvàjhmètjemeaj prdajnurj arjmtjn td adhpky w`tg tgj MN n`n edt adetmè suffà`jet efdrhmt`de tdmaadhpk`sg mkk df tgj MN rjqu`rjhjets.

^gjrj wjrj ed medhmk`js jetjrjn etd tgj m`rarmft kdoiddbs tgmt wdukn enàmtj n`ffàukt`js w`tgtgj adetrdkkmi`k`ty df tgj m`rarmft. Q`h`kmrky, tgjrj wjrj ed enàmt`des df p`tag adetrdk prdikjhs`njet`f`jn e tgj fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr (FNY) fdr tgj daaurrjeaj fkògt.

=.6.=.1 M`rwdrtgèjss N`rjat`vj 9336-=9-91

MN 9336-=9-91 rjqu`rjn espjat`de df tgj jkjvmtdr tmi trm`kèo-jnoj frjj pkmy. gj MN mkkdwjnfdr m ajrtmè mhduet df frjj pkmy, iut `f tgj èspjat`de rjvjmkjn frjj pkmy è jxajss df tgj mkkdwjntdkjrmeaj, tgj rjpm`r hust ij adhpkjtjn ijfdrj furtgjr fkògt.

M njfjrrjn hmètjemeaj `tjh (NH@) `s me m`rarmft njfjat tgmt `s edt df me m`rwdrtgy emturj men `sedt adetmèjn e tgj hè`huh jqu`phjet k`st dr tgj adefòurmt`de njv`mt`de k`st. Quag m njfjathmy ij njfjrrjn è maadrnmeaj w`tg tgj NH@ prdajnurj adetmèjn e tgj hmètjemeaj adetrdk

hmeumk. =: ^gj NH@s mrj adetrdkkjn usèo sjr`mk`zjn NH@ amrns men trmabjn è tgj hmètjemeajprdormh sdftwmrj. gj m`rarmft gmn > NH@s dutstmenèo de tgj nmy df tgj daaurrjeaj.

=: F`rst M`r Hmètjemeaj Adetrdk Hmeumk, Mhjenhjet ed. 9 (97 Fjirumry 93==), Agmptjr 6.1 ∙Zesagjnukjn Hmètjemeaj men Njfjat Adetrdk



- == -

^gj ^QI n`sadvjrjn tgmt 9 df tgj NH@s rjkmtjn td tgj rjpjt`t`vj jkjvmtdr tmi trm`kèo-jnoj frjj-pkmy agjab rjqu`rjn iy MN 9336-=9-91. Idtg NH@s njsarìjn frjj pkmy e jxajss df tgj tdkjrmeajsmkkdwjn iy tgj MN, men tgjrjfdrj sgdukn edt gmvj ijje njfjrrjn. Idtg NH@s wjrj arjmtjn de 9?

Luky 93==, w`tg mssòejn rjat`fàmt`de k`h`ts df =93 nmys. gj nuj nmtj df 9? Edvjhijr 93== gmnedt yjt ijje rjmagjn. gjrjfdrj, tgj NH@s wjrj st`kk dpje.

^gjrj wjrj ed medhmk`js jetjrjn etd tgj m`rarmft kdoiddbs tgmt wdukn enàmtj n`ffàukt`js w`tgtgj adetrdkkmi`k`ty df tgj m`rarmft. Q`h`kmrky, tgjrj wjrj ed enàmt`des df p`tag adetrdk prdikjhs`njet`f`jn e tgj FNY nmtm fdr tgj daaurrjeaj fkògt.

=.6.9 M`rarmft pjrfdrhmeaj

=.6.9.= _jògt men ajetrj df ormv`ty

^gj m`rarmft wjògt men ajetrj df ormv`ty wjrj w`tgè tgj prjsarìjn k`h`ts. ^gj m`rarmft wmsijèo dpjrmtjn w`tgè pjrfdrhmeaj k`h`tmt`des de njpmrturj frdh AP\F men fdr tgj pkmeejnkmenèo e Yjsdkutj Imy (APYI).

=.6.9.9 M`rspjjn k`h`tmt`des

^gj hmx`huh m`rspjjn k`h`t fdr jxtjes`de df tgj kmenèo ojmr (ormvjk-jqu`ppjn) s =73 bedtsènàmtjn m`rspjjn (B@MQ). M`rspjjn k`h`ts fdr tgj fkmps mrj ms fdkkdws<

• Fkmps = ‑ 913 B@MQ

• Fkmps : ‑ 99: B@MQ

• Fkmps =: ‑ =0: B@MQ

• Fkmps 9: ‑ =03 B@MQ

• Fkmps 13 ‑ =7: B@MQ

• Fkmps >3 ‑ =?3 B@MQ

=.6.1 ^jrrmè mwmrjejss njvàjs

^gj m`rarmft wms jqu`ppjn w`tg m Quenstrmen Nmtm Adetrdk @eadrpdrmtjn Hmrb @@ =6 orduenprdx`h`ty wmreèo systjh (OS_Q). ^g`s `s me dknjr-ojejrmt`de OS_Q tgmt `s imsjn de =0?3stjagedkdoy. g`s systjh prdv`njs murmk men v`sumk wmreèos men/dr mkjrts f spja`f`jnaden`t`des rjkmtèo td tgj fdkkdwèo pmrmhjtjrs jx`st<

• imrdhjtrà njsajet rmtj2

• tjrrmè akdsurj rmtj2• mkt`tunj kdss mftjr tmbj-dff dr od-mrduen2

• tjrrmè akjmrmeaj (wgje edt e tgj kmenèo adefòurmt`de)2

=6 ^g`s orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo systjh (OS_Q) wms è`t`mkky hmeufmaturjn iy Ze`tjn Nmtm Adetrdks2tgj njsòe dwejrsg`p edw rjs`njs w`tg Gdejywjkk Mjrdspmaj.



- =9 -

• njv`mt`de ijkdw ok`njskdpj.

^gj systjh usjs efdrhmt`de frdh tgj amptmè‐s rmn`d mkt`hjtjr td njtjrhèj tgj m`rarmft‐s gjògtmidvj tjrrmè. g`s fueat`de deky prdv`njs m wmreèo fdr tjrrmè n`rjatky ijkdw tgj m`rarmft menedt fdr tjrrmè e frdet df tgj m`rarmft. _gje tgj amptmè‐s rmn`d mkt`hjtjr s edpjrmt`vj, mkkhdnjs df tgj OS_Q mrj edpjrmt`vj. _gje tgj m`rarmft s adefòurjn fdr kmenèo, tgj tdkjrmeaj

k`h`t fdr tgj smfjty wmreèos s njsjes`t`zjn td prjvjet eu`smeaj wmreèos ms tgj m`rarmftmpprdmagjs tgj orduen fdr kmenèo.

A-OE_E wms adefòurjn fdr kmenèo wgje tgj f`rst OS_Q murmk mkjrt, ‛sèb rmtj‘, wms ssujnmt >.= sjadens ijfdrj `hpmat. Mt 9.6 sjadens ijfdrj hpmat, tgj murmk mkjrt ‛hè`huhs…hè`huhs‘ wms `ssujn.

Gmn A-OE_E rjhmèjn e sjrvàj, m ejwjr-ojejrmt`de OS_Q wdukn gmvj ijje estmkkjnnurèo tgj ejxt A agjab. =? g`s agjab wms edt nuj fdr mpprdx`hmtjky =703 fkògt gdurs. Qjat`de=.=7.9.9 njsarìjs tgj jegmeajn OS_Q stmenmrn.

=.6.> A-OE_E emvòmt`de systjhs

=.6.>.= VGF emvòmt`de systjh

_gje tgj rjaj`vjrs mrj dpjrmtèo, tgj VGF emvòmt`de systjh prdv`njs efdrhmt`de midutm`rarmft pds`t`de w`tg rjspjat td, men njv`mt`de frdh, m sjkjatjn VGF dhe`n`rjat`demk rmeoj(VDY) adursj, dr kdamk`zjr men ok`njskdpj mpprdmag ijmhs.

^gj VGF emvòmt`de (EMV) sjkjatdr sw`tag =7 wms m kdabèo tdookj typj sw`tag w`tg 1 pds`t`des<AMS^ DE MZW, EDYHMK, men F/D DE MZW. _gje tgj VGF EMV sjkjatdr sw`tag `s sjt tdEDYHMK, VGF EMV rjaj`vjr ed. = `s adetrdkkjn iy adetrdk pmejk ed. =, men prdv`njs sòemks tdtgj mutdp`kdt systjh2 td tgj amptmè‐s fkògt n`rjatdr, gdr`zdetmk s`tumt`de enàmtdr (GQ@),mtt`tunj n`rjatdr enàmtdr (MN@), men rmn`d-hmoejtà enàmtdr (YH@)2 men td tgj FD‐s [email protected] EMV rjaj`vjr ed. 9 `s adetrdkkjn iy adetrdk pmejk ed. 9, men prdv`njs sòemks td tgj FD‐sfkògt n`rjatdr, GQ@, MN@ men YH@, men td tgj amptmè‐s YH@. VGF EMV rjaj`vjr ed. 1 `s èstmeniy men edt adetrdkkjn.

=.6.>.9 Mutdhmtà n`rjat`de fènjrs

^gj m`rarmft wms jqu`ppjn w`tg 9 mutdhmtà n`rjat`de fènèo (MNF) systjhs. Me MNF systjhjemikjs mutdhmtà njtjrhèmt`de df hmoejtà men rjkmt`vj ijmrèos td tgj sjkjatjnede-n`rjat`demk ijmade (ENI). gj ed. = rjaj`vjr usjs tgj emrrdw pdètjr de tgj YH@s, men tgjed. 9 rjaj`vjr usjs tgj w`nj pdètjr. ^gj mun`d `s gjmrn iy usèo tgj MNF rjaj`vjr adetrdk de

tgj mun`d sjkjatdr pmejk. MNF ijmrèo pdètjrs w`kk edt n`spkmy adrrjat hmoejtà ijmrèo wgjetgj adhpmss efdrhmt`de s kdst dr èvmk`n. Yjkmt`vj ijmrèos mrj enàmtjn iy tgj pdètjrs f tgjrjaj`vjr s dpjrmtèo.

=? A agjab rjfjrs td m hmldr hmètjemeaj èspjat`de sagjnukjn jvjry >333 fkògt gdurs.

=7 ^g`s sw tag `s kdamtjn de tgj amptmè‐s s`nj df tgj dvjrgjmn pmejk.



- =1 -

=.6.>.1 Mstrd adhpmss

M`rarmft rjadrns sgdw tgmt A-OE_E wms jqu`ppjn w`tg me mstrd adhpmss, wgàg wms stdwjnè tgj adabp`t.

=.6.: A-OE_E adhpmss systjhs

=.6.:.= Ojejrmk

^gj adhpmss systjhs mrj pr`hmr`ky njsòejn td fure`sg tgj amptmè men FD w`tg efdrhmt`deadeajreèo tgj m`rarmft‐s hmoejtà dr truj gjmnèo nurèo tgj fkògt. Gjmnèo efdrhmt`de sn`spkmyjn de tgj m`rarmft‐s YH@ men GQ@ adhpmss amrns.

A-OE_E wms hmeufmaturjn men njk`vjrjn iy Idjèo td tgj dròèmk austdhjr w`tg 9 QpjrryA-0 adhpmssjs tgmt dpjrmtjn deky e hmoejtà skmvjn hdnj. ^gj m`rarmft wms suisjqujetkymaqu`rjn iy m Amemn`me dpjrmtdr è =077, men tgj adhpmss systjhs wjrj upormnjn td m QpjrryA-==I iy _jstjre Mv`deàs. gj A-==I adhpmss systjh s m oyrdsadpàmkky stmi`k`zjn systjh

tgmt dpjrmtjs j`tgjr ms m frjj n`rjat`demk oyrd (NO), dr ms m skmvjn oyrd è hmoejtà hdnj,njpjenèo de tgj NO/HMO (hmoejtà) sw`tag pds`t`de sjkjatjn iy tgj p`kdts de tgj adhpmssadetrdkkjr. gj adhpmss systjhs mrj adhpr`sjn df NOs (sjat`de =.6.:.9), fkux vmkvjs, adhpmssadetrdkkjrs, m adhpmss trmesfjr sw`tag, estruhjet adhpmrmtdrs, YH@s, men GQ@s (Mppjen`x J).

^gj upormnj jemikjn tgj adhpmssjs td dpjrmtj è frjj oyrd, dr NO hdnj, wgàg `s ejajssmry èAmemn`me Edrtgjre Ndhjstà M`rspmaj (ENM) ijamusj tgj prdx`h`ty df tgj edrtg hmoejtà pdkjrjsukts e hmoejtà adhpmss uerjk`mi`k`ty. gjrj `s ed suppkjhjetmk typj ajrt`fàmtj mssda`mtjnw`tg tg`s hdn`fàmt`de2 adesjqujetky, ed m`rarmft fkògt hmeumk suppkjhjet wms prdnuajn. gjhdn`fàmt`de wms ndauhjetjn w`tg m Ze`tjn Qtmtjs (ZQ) Fjnjrmk Mv`mt`de Mnhè`strmt`de(FMM) Fdrh 11?. =0

^gj m`rarmft wms suisjqujetky maqu`rjn iy F`rst M`r. gj adhpmss hmètjemeaj prdormh amrr`jndut iy F`rst M`r wms ms njtm`kjn è tgj Idjèo hmètjemeaj pkmeeèo ndauhjet N6-=?:0>-=,pmoj 6.

Yjv`jw df A-OE_E hmètjemeaj rjadrns frdh 3: Njajhijr 93=3 td tgj daaurrjeaj nmtjrjvjmkjn tgmt tgjrj wms deky = njfà`jeay rjkmtjn td tgj adhpmss systjhs, èakunèo tgj NOs. De30 Fjirumry 93==, tgj ed. 9 adhpmss enàmtdr wms njet`f`jn ms edpjrmt`vj, men tgj enàmtdrwms rjpkmajn.

=.6.:.9 N`rjat`demk oyrds

^gj A-==I adhpmss systjh eakunjs NO pmrt ed. 9:77139-=, wgàg s spja`f`jn td gmvj kmt`tunj-adrrjatjn oyrd nr`ft maaurmay df ½=³ pjr gdur. 93

=0 Fjnjrmk Mv`mt`de Mnhè`strmt`de (FMM) Fdrh 11? (Hmldr Yjpm`r men Mktjrmt`de) `s usjn td ndauhjetwdrb maadhpk`sgjn, rjoukmtdry adefdrh`ty, men mpprdvmk fdr rjture td sjrvàj.

93 Gdejywjkk Mjrdspmaj, Adhpdejet Hmètjemeaj Hmeumk, N`spkmajhjet Oyrd, Suikàmt`de ed. A=:-1==9-330, Yjv`s`de =9 (3= Luej 93=3)



- => -

Jxmhèmt`de df hmètjemeaj rjadrns rjvjmkjn tgmt tgj NOs estmkkjn e A-OE_E wjrj`njet`f`jn w`tg pmrt ed. 9:77139-= men sjr`mk eds. 737>110 men ?=913>0. Qjr`mk ed. ?=913>0 wmsdvjrgmukjn mt tgj Gdejywjkk Dttmwm rjpm`r fma`k`ty e Edvjhijr =009 men momè e Luej =000,men gmn m ‛Ed Fmukt Fduen‘ stmtus è Muoust =000. Ed dvjrgmuk rjadrns wjrj fduen fdr sjr`mked. 737>110. ^gj NOs wjrj edt rjadvjrjn frdh tgj armsg s`tj.

=.6.:.1 Srjajss`de

S`kdts hust hde`tdr frjj oyrd dpjrmt`des, ijamusj oyrds prjajss mt rmtjs tgmt ame vmry maadrnèotd oyrd systjh men emturmk prjajss`de pgjedhjem. Oyrd prjajss`de pgjedhjem tgmt mrj hdstadhhdeky mssda`mtjn w`tg fkògt dpjrmt`des ades`st df 9 typjs< rjmk prjajss`de men mppmrjetprjajss`de.

Yjmk prjajss`de s enuajn e tgj oyrd men s amusjn iy hjagmeàmk hpjrfjat`des, suag msijmrèo wjmr dr nmhmoj. ^gj rjmk prjajss`de tdkjrmeaj fdr tgj NOs de A-OE_E wms ½=³ pjrgdur.

Mppmrjet prjajss`de `s tgj rjsukt df tgj oyrd prdpjrty df rò`n`ty è spmaj men tgj jmrtg‐srdtmt`de w`tg rjspjat td spmaj mt =:.3>³ pjr gdur. wd mspjats df mppmrjet prjajss`de rjsukt frdhtgj rdtmt`de df tgj jmrtg (jmrtg rmtj 9=) men trmespdrt df m oyrd mardss adevjroèo hjr`n`mes(jmrtg trmespdrt rmtj 99).

9= Jmrtg rmtj vmr`js njpjenjet de kmt`tunj men gjh`spgjrj, men `s edt mffjatjn iy jmst∙wjst hdvjhjet.

^gj fdrhukm td amkaukmtj jmrtg rmtj `s< =:.3>³ pjr gdur x sèj kmt`tunj. Hmx`huh pdssìkj jmrtg rmtjprjajss`de `s =:.3>³ pjr gdur mt 03³ kmt`tunj. ^gj A-==I adhpmss adetrdkkjr prdv`njs fdr sjttèo tgjkdamk kmt`tunj td mppky tdrquj td tgj n`rjat`demk oyrd (NO) td adhpjesmtj fdr tgj jmrtg rmtj (Mppjen`x

J). Ijamusj sjkjatjn kmt`tunj hmy n`ffjr frdh matumk kmt`tunj, tgj n`ffjrjeaj ijtwjje matumk jmrtg rmtjmen adhpjesmtjn jmrtg rmtj `s tgj rjs`numk jmrtg rmtj prjajss`de.

99 Jmrtg trmespdrt rmtj `s tgj rmtj mt wgàg me m`rarmft w`kk agmeoj gjmnèo rjkmt`vj td truj edrtg wgje

fdkkdwèo m orjmt a`rakj adursj mardss adevjroèo hjr`n`mes. Hjr`n`me adevjrojeaj `s orjmtjst mt gògkmt`tunjs. ^gj fdrhukm td amkaukmtj jmrtg trmespdrt rmtj `s< agmeoj df kdeo`tunj pjr gdur x sèj df h`n-kmt`tunj. ^gj A-==I adhpmss systjh ndjs edt èadrpdrmtj mey hjmes td adrrjat fdr jmrtg trmespdrtrmtj.



- =: -

^mikj 6. Jmrtg rmtj amkaukmt`des fdr sjvjrmk pds`t`des mkdeo tgj trmab df FMI6:63 fdr kmt`tunj adetrdkkjr sjtmt 66³

ZÂ FMI6:63 pds`t`de Jmrtg rmtj(³/gdur)

Adhpjesmtjnjmrtg rmtj(³/gdur)

Yjs`numkjmrtg rmtj(³/gdur)

=>:7<:? 6>³ E, ==9³>3' _ =1.:9 =1.?> 3.99

66³ E =1.?> =1.?> 3.33

=:>7<9: 60³3?' E, =3:³3=' _ (AI) =>.3: =1.?> ∙3.1=

=:>0<=1 60³3?' E, =3:³3=' _ (AI) =>.3: =1.?> ∙3.1=

=6=9<33 ?=³>3' E, =3=³=:' _ =>.97 =1.?> ∙3.:>

ZÂ< Addrnèmtjn Ze`vjrsmk ^`hjAI< Amhir`noj Imy

^mikj ?. Jmrtg trmespdrt rmtj amkaukmt`des fdr 9 sjohjets df tgj trmab df FMI6:63

Sjr`dn stmrt Sjr`dn jen Kdeo`tunjagmeoj

(³/gdur)

H`n-kmt`tunj

Jmrtgtrmespdrt

rmtj(³/gdur)ZÂ Sds`t`de ZÂ Sds`t`de

=>:7<:? 6>³ E,==9³>3' _

=:>7<9:60³3?' E,=3:³3=' _

∙0.97 66³1>' E ∙7.:=

=:>0<=1 60³3?' E,=3:³3=' _

=6=9<33?=³>3' E,=3=³=:' _

∙0.09 ?3³91' E ∙0.1>

=.6.:.> Gdr`zdetmk s`tumt`de ènàmtdr

^gj GQ@ n`spkmys m`rarmft pds`t`de men gjmnèo w`tg rjspjat td hmoejtà dr truj edrtg, sjkjatjngjmnèo, n`stmeaj hjmsurèo jqu`phjet (NHJ), kmtjrmk njv`mt`de td dr frdh m sjkjatjn VDY drkdamk`zjr adursj, men vjrtàmk njv`mt`de frdh tgj ajetrj df m ok`njskdpj ijmh (Mppjen`x J). ^gj

m`rarmft wms jqu`ppjn w`tg 9 GQ@s< = de tgj amptmè‐s estruhjet pmejk men tgj sjaden de tgjFD‐s èstruhjet pmejk.

Qjvjrmk fkmos eadrpdrmtjn etd tgj GQ@ prdv`nj pds`t`vj hde`tdrèo df sjvjrmk pmrmhjtjrs. gjfkmos mrj pds`t`dejn dut df v`jw wgje tgj prdpjr dpjrmtèo vdktmoj s prjsjet. gjrj wmsedtgèo td enàmtj mey fkmos ijèo prjsjet de tgj arjw‐s GQ@s.

=.6.6 Mutdp`kdt systjh

=.6.6.= Ojejrmk

^gj m`rarmft gmn me QS-?? mutdp`kdt systjh men numk FN-=37 fkògt n`rjatdr systjhs. gjsj

systjhs wjrj njsòejn td fueat`de enjpjenjetky men wjrj edt etjormtjn. Adetrdk df jmag dftgjh wms v`m tgj hdnj adetrdk pmejk (HAS) kdamtjn de tgj okmrjsg`jkn (Sgdtd =).



- =6 -

Sgdtd =. Mutdp`kdt/fkògt-n`rjatdr hdnj adetrdk pmejk

^gj amptmè‐s fkògt n`rjatdr adetrdks mrj de tgj kjft s`nj df tgj HAS2 tgj mutdp`kdt adetrdks mrj ètgj ajetrj df tgj HAS2 men tgj FD‐s fkògt n`rjatdr adetrdks mrj de tgj rògt s`nj df tgj HAS.Qjpmrmtj sjkjat`des de mkk 1 mrj ejajssmry td adefòurj jmag ènjpjenjet systjh (Mppjen`x F).^gj mutdp`kdt men fkògt n`rjatdr systjhs usj memkdo adhputjrs men nd edt adetmè ede-vdkmt`kjhjhdry.

^gj mutdp`kdt systjh adetrdks tgj m`rarmft midut tgj p`tag men rdkk mxjs men prdv`njs mutdhmtàm`rarmft stmi`k`zmt`de wgjejvjr tgj p`tag men rdkk agmeejks mrj jeomojn. Vmr`dus hdnj sjkjat`desjemikj tgj p`kdts td adhhmen tgj mutdp`kdt td fky tgj m`rarmft detd m sjkjatjn VDY dr kdamk`zjradursj (VDY/KDA hdnj), ms wjkk ms td hmbj mutdhmtà mpprdmagjs td ruewmys jqu`ppjn w`tgèstruhjet kmenèo systjh (@KQ) fma`k`t`js (MZ^D MSS hdnj).

^gj p`kdts hmy mksd hmeumkky adetrdk tgj m`rarmft è m edrhmk hmeejr w`tg tgj adetrdk wgjjkmen adkuhe (adetrdk wgjjk stjjrèo RA_QX) w`tgdut n`sjeomoèo tgj p`tag dr rdkk mxjs df tgjmutdp`kdt systjh. S`kdts ame tgje mss`st tgj mutdp`kdt systjh e fkyèo td m sjkjatjn gjmnèo dradursj. Zsj df A_Q ndjs edt n`sjeomoj j`tgjr agmeejk df tgj mutdp`kdt systjh. ^gj mutdp`kdtsystjh wms hdn`f`jn frdh tgj dròèmk njsòe td mkkdw fdr tgj usj df OSQ ou`nmeaj fdr tgjadursj sòemks td tgj mutdp`kdt (sjat`de =.6.=3).

^gj mutdp`kdt systjh ame ij adupkjn j`tgjr td tgj VGF EMV rmn`d systjh dr td tgj OSQ systjh.

^d adupkj tgj mutdp`kdt td tgj OSQ, tgj mutdp`kdt sjkjat sw`tag `s sjt td M/S DE OSQ. 91 @fsdhjtgèo daaurs td ueadupkj tgj mutdp`kdt frdh tgj OSQ, suag ms m kdss df OSQ sòemk drsjkjatèo EMV de tgj amptmè‐s HN->= OSQ meeuea`mtdr adetrdk ue`t, tgj mutdp`kdt w`kk rjvjrt tdditmèèo `ts emvòmt`demk èput frdh tgj VGF EMV rmn`d systjh. Gdwjvjr, tgj M/S DE OSQmeeuea`mtdr w`kk rjhmè kkuhèmtjn uet`k tgj mutdp`kdt sjkjat sw`tag s sjt td tgj dff (edt`kkuhèmtjn) pds`t`de.

^gj pds`t`de df tgj arjw mutdp`kdt adetrdks s ms sgdwe e Mppjen`x O.

@e tgj systjh‐s njfmukt stmtj, tgj mutdp`kdt men tgj amptmè‐s fkògt n`rjatdr ditmè stjjrèoèfdrhmt`de frdh VDY/@KQ rjaj`vjr ed. =, men tgj FD‐s fkògt n`rjatdr ditmès efdrhmt`de frdh

VDY/@KQ rjaj`vjr ed. 9. Qjj sjat`de =.6.=3 fdr efdrhmt`de de OSQ etjrfmaj w`tg tgj mutdp`kdt.

91 ^g`s sw`tag s kdamtjn de tgj tdp df tgj estruhjet pmejk, lust ijkdw tgj kjft s`nj df tgjmutdp`kdt/fkògt-n`rjatdr hdnj adetrdk pmejk.



- =? -

=.6.6.9 Adetrdk wgjjk stjjrèo

^gj m`rarmft hmy ij hmedjuvrjn è p`tag men rdkk mftjr mutdp`kdt jeomojhjet usèo tgj adetrdkwgjjk men adkuhe. Hmeumk èputs iy tgj p`kdts usèo A_Q mrj tgj smhj ms rjqu`rjn fdr hmeumkfkògt. ^wd fdraj kjvjks mrj rjqu`rjn td hdvj tgj adetrdk adkuhe dr wgjjk dut df tgj ajetrj(njtjet) pds`t`de td enuaj p`tag dr rdkk adhhmens.

M kdw njtjet fdraj (> pduens è tgj rdkk mx`s men : pduens è tgj p`tag mx`s) `s rjqu`rjn td hdvjtgj adetrdk wgjjk dut df tgj ajetrj (njtjet) pds`t`de. ^g`s fdraj `s adhpmrmikj td tgj fdrajrjqu`rjn nurèo hmeumk fkògt. Mftjr dvjradhèo tg`s rjs`stmeaj, tgj adhhmen td p`tag dr rdkk smt m rmtj prdpdrt`demk td adetrdk-wgjjk dr adkuhe fdraj.

Gòg njtjet fdraj (7 pduens è tgj rdkk mx`s men mpprdx`hmtjky =7 pduens è tgj p`tag mx`s) `sprdv`njn td prjvjet emnvjrtjet n`sjeomojhjet df vmr`dus suihdnjs. gj fdraj rjqu`rjn tdhdvj tgj adetrdk wgjjk dr adkuhe dut df tgj njtjet pds`t`de `s èarjmsjn. @f rjvjrs`de td A_Qèputs deky (ed mutdhmtà gjmnèo, adursj, rmn`d, dr p`tag adhhmens) s njs`rjn, t hmy ijmaadhpk`sgjn iy jxjrtèo m fdraj orjmtjr tgme gòg njtjet kjvjk.

=.6.6.1 Aden`t`des men k`h`tmt`des fdr kdamk`zjr ampturj

_`tg j`tgjr VDY/KDA dr MZ^D MSS hdnj sjkjatjn de tgj mutdp`kdt hdnj sjkjatdr, tgjmutdp`kdt w`kk etjrajpt men ampturj tgj kdamk`zjr, prdv`njn tgmt tgj etjrajpt meokj s ijtwjje=3³ men 03³. 9>

@e tgj KDA ampturj suihdnj, hmx`huh imeb meokj adhhmen s k`h`tjn td 9:³, men tgj rdkk rmtj`s k`h`tjn td ?³ pjr sjaden. Kmtjrmk ijmh sjesdr s usjn td prdajss tgj KDA njv`mt`de sòemk.^g`s hdnj usjs KDA njv`mt`de sòemk, KDA njv`mt`de sòemk rmtj, men adursj jrrdr (imsjn de tgjsjkjatjn adursj). gj mutdp`kdt w`kk e`t`mtj m ture tdwmrn tgj kdamk`zjr wgje tgj KDA njv`mt`desòemk ijadhjs kjss tgme =:3 h`kk`vdkts (hV) (9 ndts ms ènàmtjn iy tgj adursj njv`mt`de imr).

^gj mutdp`kdt trmes`t`de td KDA de adursj suihdnj daaurs wgje tgj KDA njv`mt`de sòemk `skjss tgme 73 hV (midut = ndt), tgj ardss-ijmh rmtj `s kjss tgme 9 hV pjr sjaden, men tgj imebmeokj `s kjss tgme 6³. Deaj è KDA de adursj suihdnj, tgj hmx`huh imeb meokj `s k`h`tjn td 7³.^gj rdkk rmtj k`h`t rjhmès mt ?³ pjr sjaden. Dtgjr tgme tgj imeb meokj k`h`t agmeoj, tgjrj `s edènàmt`de td tgj p`kdts wgje mutdp`kdt VDY/KDA suihdnj gms agmeojn frdh ampturj td deadursj.

=.6.? FN-=37 fkògt n`rjatdr systjh

=.6.?.= Ojejrmk

^gj fkògt n`rjatdr systjhs prdv`nj tgj p`kdts w`tg v`sumk adhhmens td hmètmè tgj m`rarmft deprj-sjkjatjn kmtjrmk men vjrtàmk fkògt pmtgs. gjrj mrj 9 enjpjenjet systjhs estmkkjn< = fdr tgjamptmè men tgj dtgjr fdr tgj FD.

9> F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==), pmoj 3>.13.?



- =7 -

^gj fkògt n`rjatdr adhputjrs rjaj`vj eputs frdh vmr`dus emvòmt`de systjhs, njpjenèo de tgjsjkjatjn hdnj df dpjrmt`de (Mppjen`x G). Mnn`t`demkky, tgj mtt`tunj rjfjrjeaj systjh prdv`njsèputs df m`rarmft rdkk men p`tag mtt`tunj. gj fkògt n`rjatdr adhputjrs prdajss tgjsj eputsòemks men ojejrmtj rdkk men p`tag mtt`tunj adhhmens fdr hmètmèèo tgj njs`rjn fkògt pmtg.^gj rdkk men p`tag adhhmens mrj n`spkmyjn de tgj mtt`tunj n`rjatdr enàmtdr (MN@). gj mrhjndr ampturj hdnj df dpjrmt`de s n`spkmyjn de tgj mpprdmag prdorjss n`spkmy (MSN).

=.6.?.9 Fkògt n`rjatdr k`h`tmt`des de kdamk`zjr ampturj

^gj etjrajpt meokj s k`h`tjn td 13³ (gjmnèo meokj w`tg rjspjat td tgj sjkjatjn adursj).

_`tg tgj fkògt n`rjatdr è VDY/KDA hdnj men w`tg m vmk`n VDY dr KDA sòemk, tgj fkògtn`rjatdr MSN VDY/KDA meeuea`mtdr w`kk `kkuhèmtj orjje deaj KDA ampturj daaurs (KDAnjv`mt`de kjss tgme 9.:³). Nurèo tgj 03 sjadens mftjr KDA ampturj, `f tgj KDA njv`mt`de sòemkjxajjns tgj k`h`t (9.:³ fdr tgj kdamk`zjr), tgj fkògt n`rjatdr w`kk rjvjrt frdh KDA ampturj td KDAètjrajpt, men tgj fkògt n`rjatdr MSN VDY/KDA meeuea`mtdr kògt w`kk agmeoj adkdur frdhorjje td mhijr.

=.6.7 Mtt`tunj n`rjatdr ènàmtdr

Dej MN@ de jmag p`kdt‐s estruhjet pmejkn`spkmys tgj m`rarmft p`tag men rdkk mtt`tunj,m f`xjn m`rarmft syhidk, men fkògt n`rjatdrstjjrèo adhhmen imrs (Fòurj 9).

^gj fkògt n`rjatdr adhhmen imrs mrjnr`vje iy sjpmrmtj èputs fdr p`tag menrdkk. ^gj adhhmen imrs hdvj è ue`sde tdn`spkmy etjormtjn p`tag men rdkk ou`nmeajadhhmens adrrjspdenèo td fkògt n`rjatdrrdkk men p`tag hdnj sjkjat`des. d smt`sfytgj adhhmens, tgj m`rarmft s hmedjuvrjnsd tgmt tgj m`rarmft syhidk ijadhjs seuokymkòejn w`tg tgj adhhmen imrs.Ijamusj tgj 9 fkògt n`rjatdrs dpjrmtjènjpjenjetky df jmag dtgjr, tgj amptmè‐sadhhmen imrs w`kk prdv`nj n`ffjrjetadhhmens tgme tgj FD‐s uekjss njetàmkhdnj sjkjat`des gmvj ijje hmnj. ^gjadhhmen imrs mrj njfkjatjn dut df v`jwwgje tgj fkògt n`rjatdr hdnj `s DFF drwgje sòemk eputs mrj uerjk`mikj.

@e GNO QJK hdnj, tgj adhhmen imrs n`spkmy adhhmens td ture tdwmrn men hmètmè tgjsjkjatjn gjmnèo.

_gje tgj fkògt n`rjatdr stjjrèo adhputjrs sjesj tgmt tgj m`rarmft s w`tgè 9.:³ df tgj ajetrjkèjdf tgj kdamk`zjr ijmh men VDY/KDA dr MZ^D MSS hdnj gms ijje sjkjatjn, tgj fkògt n`rjatdr

Fòurj 9. Jxjhpkmr mtt`tunj n`rjatdr ènàmtdr (MN@)

=< Imeb ènàmtdr men samkj9< Mtt`tunj n`spkmy1< Ok`njskdpj pdètjr men njv`mt`de samkj>< Fkògt n`rjatdr adhhmen imrs:< Qyhidkà m`rarmft6< Kdamk`zjr syhidk men njv`mt`de samkj



- =0 -

adhhmen imrs prdv`nj mtt`tunj ou`nmeaj adhhmens imsjn de tgj m`rarmft dr`jetmt`de rjkmt`vj tdtgj kdamk`zjr ijmh. Deaj tgj m`rarmft jxajjns 9.:³ frdh tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj, tgj VDY/KDAmeeuea`mtdr w`kk agmeoj frdh orjje td mhijr ms tgj systjh agmeojs frdh ampturj td ètjrajpthdnj. @e tgj etjrajpt hdnj, tgj adhhmen imrs prdv`nj ou`nmeaj td fky td men hmètmè tgjsjkjatjn gjmnèo de tgj GQ@.

Fkmos eadrpdrmtjn etd tgj MN@ prdv`nj pds`t`vj hde`tdrèo df sjvjrmk pmrmhjtjrs. gj fkmosmrj pds`t`dejn dut df v`jw wgje tgj prdpjr dpjrmtèo vdktmoj s prjsjet. gj p`kdts n`n edtn`sauss mey fkmos ijèo prjsjet de tgj`r MN@s.

=.6.0 Mpprdmag prdorjss n`spkmy meeuea`mtdrs

^gj MSNs prdv`nj meeuea`mt`de df tgj mutdp`kdt men fkògt n`rjatdr systjhs mrhjn men ampturjstmtus fdr n`ffjrjet dpjrmtèo hdnjs. gjrj mrj 9 MSNs< = de tgj amptmè‐s estruhjet pmejk mentgj sjaden de tgj FD‐s estruhjet pmejk. Qjj Mppjen`x G fdr adefòurmt`de men fueat`demk`ty dftgj MSNs.

=.6.=3

Okdimk pds`t`deèo systjh

^gjrj wjrj 9 ^r`hikj ÊK-7=33 OSQ systjhs de tgj m`rarmft. ^g`s typj df OSQ ue`t ndjs edtstdrj mey trmab nmtm. ^gj ÊK-7=33 hjjts tgj ^QD A=90 stmenmrn men `s ajrt`f`jn fdr je-rdutj,tjrhèmk, men ede-prja`s`de estruhjet mpprdmag emvòmt`de. gj OSQ ue`ts prdv`njèfdrhmt`de td tgj mutdp`kdt men idtg GQ@s. OSQ efdrhmt`de s edt prdv`njn td tgj fkògtn`rjatdrs.

Nurèo tgj pjr`dn frdh Njajhijr 93=3 uet`k tgj daaurrjeaj, tgjrj wjrj : hmètjemeaj rjadrnjetr`js fdr tgj OSQ. ^wd df tgjsj jetr`js wjrj fdr nmtmimsj upnmtjs (3: Luky 93== men 9? Luky93==). De 90 Luej 93==, tgj ed. 9 OSQ wms wr`ttje up fdr m gjmnèo fm`kurj. @t wms orduen-agjabjn ms sjrvàjmikj. De 13 Luej 93==, tgj OSQ wms edt dpjrmtèo mt njpmrturj t`hj. ^gj ed. 9OSQ wms rjpkmajn, agjabjn men fduen td ij sjrvàjmikj. De 9: Luky 93==, tgj ed. = OSQ wduknedt maajpt truj m`rspjjn èput. ^gj ed. = OSQ wms rjiddtjn men agjabjn ms sjrvàjmikj.

^gj 9 OSQ systjhs mrj adetrdkkjn iy 9 adetrdk n`spkmy ue`ts (ANZs) kdamtjn de tgj ajetrjadesdkj ijtwjje tgj p`kdts. Ed. = OSQ `s de tgj amptmè‐s s`nj, men ed. 9 OSQ `s de tgj FD‐s s`nj.Jmag ANZ gms m sarjje td n`spkmy njs`rjn efdrhmt`de, eakunèo m`rarmft pds`t`de rjkmt`vj tdnjs`rjn trmab (Sgdtd 9). @e tgj amsj df APYI Yuewmy 1:^, tgj @KQ kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj s akdsjkymkòejn w`tg tgj mrjm emvòmt`de (YEMV) fèmk mpprdmag trmab. ^gjrjfdrj, tgj OSQ sarjje ameprdv`nj tgj arjw w`tg pds`t`demk efdrhmt`de rjkmt`vj td tgj kdamk`zjr f tgj YEMV mpprdmag skdmnjn ètd tgj fkògt pkme.



- 93 -

Jmag systjh gms m HN->= OSQ meeuea`mt`de adetrdkue`t. gj HN->= jemikjs tgj p`kdt td sjkjat j`tgjr VGFEMV dr OSQ èfdrhmt`de td ij n`spkmyjn de tgj GQ@adursj njv`mt`de imr. HN->= ed. = `s kdamtjn de tgjamptmè‐s èstruhjet pmejk (Sgdtd 1), men HN->= ed. 9`s kdamtjn de tgj FD‐s èstruhjet pmejk. _gje tgj

EMV/OSQ sw`tag s njprjssjn, tgj HN->= w`kkmeeuea`mtj EMV e wg`tj, dr OSQ e orjje, enàmtèowgàg sduraj `s n`spkmyjn de tgj GQ@.

^gj M/S QJKJA^ meeuea`mtdr/sw`tag `s kdamtjn de tgjajetrj estruhjet pmejk hhjn`mtjky midvj tgj stmeniymtt`tunj enàmtdr.

_gje tgj ed. = HN->= `s sjkjatjntd OSQ men tgj M/S QJKJA^meeuea`mtdr/sw`tag s njprjssjn,

M/S DE OSQ `kkuhèmtjs orjje,men tgj mutdp`kdt systjh sprdv`njn w`tg efdrhmt`de frdhOSQ ed. = rmtgjr tgme VGF EMVrmn`d nmtm. gj mutdp`kdt hmy ijn`sadeejatjn frdh tgj OSQ iynjsjkjatèo tgj M/S QJKJA^meeuea`mtdr/sw`tag. QjkjatèoEMV de tgj ed. = HN->= w`kkrjhdvj tgj OSQ sòemks frdh tgjmutdp`kdt, mktgduog tgj orjje M/S

DE OSQ meeuea`mtdr w`kk rjhmè`kkuhèmtjn.

^gj OSQ w`kk mutdhmtàmkky rjvjrttd ^YZJ hdnj wgje tgj adhpmssadetrdkkjr HMO/NO sw`tagjs mrjsjkjatjn td NO.

=.6.== Jhjrojeay kdamtdr trmesh`ttjr

^gj m`rarmft wms jqu`ppjn w`tg m Gdejywjkk Yjsau >36MF-typj jhjrojeay kdamtdr trmesh`ttjr(JK^). _gje mat`vmtjn mutdhmtàmkky iy hpmat fdrajs dr hmeumkky, tgj JK^ trmesh`ts m n`strjsssòemk td m`n e njtjat`de men kdamt`de iy sjmrag men rjsauj pjrsdeejk. gj >36-hjomgjrtz(HGz) typj JK^ sjens dut nò`tmkky jeadnjn nmtm tgmt ue`qujky njet`fy tgj m`rarmft de wgàg t`s estmkkjn.

Sgdtd 9. ÊK-7=33 adetrdk n`spkmy ue`t(ANZ) sarjje, sgdwèo rògt-df-trmabènàmt`de

Sgdtd 1. ^gj ed. = okdimk pds`t`deèo systjh (OSQ) ANZ, ed. =HN->= meeuea`mtdr pmejk, men M/S QJKJA^ sw`tag



- 9= -

=.? Hjtjdrdkdoàmk èfdrhmt`de

=.?.= Akdun aj`kèo gjògt

Akdun kmyjrs mrj rjpdrtjn imsjn de tgj suhhmt`de df tgj kmyjr mhduets ms disjrvjn frdh tgjsurfmaj up. Kmyjr mhduets mrj rjpdrtjn è jògtgs (dbtms) df sby advjrmoj. FJ_ `s frdh orjmtjr

tgme 3 td 9/7 suhhmt`de mhduet2 QA^ `s frdh 1/7 td >/7 suhhmt`de mhduet2 IBE `s frdh :/7td kjss tgme 7/7 suhhmt`de mhduet2 men DVA `s 7/7 suhhmt`de mhduet. M akdun aj`kèo `s sm`ntd jx`st mt tgj gjògt df tgj f`rst kmyjr fdr wgàg m advjrmoj syhidk df IBE dr DVA `srjpdrtjn. 9:

=.?.9 Pjkkdwbe`fj wjmtgjr mt njpmrturj

^gj rdutèj mv`mt`de wjmtgjr rjpdrt (HJ^MY) fdr AP\F mt =>33 wms< wèn 303³^ mt == bedts,v`sì`k`ty =: stmtutj h`kjs (sh) e kògt rmè sgdwjrs, irdbje akdun mt ::33 fjjt midvj orduenkjvjk (mok), irdbje akdun mt 7333 fjjt mok, irdbje akdun mt == 333 fjjt mok, tjhpjrmturj 0³A,njwpdèt ?³A, men mkt`hjtjr 90.7? e. Go.

=.?.1 Yjsdkutj Imy wjmtgjr `ssujn ijfdrj njpmrturj

^gj Yjsdkutj Imy mrjm wms uenjr tgj efkujeaj df m trduog df kdw prjssurj jxtjenèosdutgjmstwmrn frdh m kdw prjssurj systjh ajetrjn mt 73³E, ==:³_ mt 3?33. gj trduog wmshdvèo edrtgjmstwmrn mt =3 bedts. gj mrjm wms fdrjamst td gmvj irdbje akduns imsjn mt 9:33fjjt midvj sjm kjvjk (msk) men tdppjn mt => 333 fjjt msk, w`tg v`sì`k`ty orjmtjr tgme 6 sh. ^gj mrjmwms fdrjamst td gmvj pmtagy pdrt`des (9:% td :3% df tgj mrjm) w`tg >∙6 sh v`sì`k`ty è kògt rmèmen h`st, men aj`kèos mt 633∙=:33 fjjt mok. ^gj mrjm wms mksd fdrjamst td gmvj kdamk`zjn aj`kèosms kdw ms 933 fjjt mok, w`tg v`sì`k`ty ms kdw ms = sh.

^gj HJ^MY fdr Yjsdkutj Imy (APYI) mt =>33 wms< wèn =63³^ mt => bedts, v`sì`k`ty =: sh,irdbje akdun mt 033 fjjt mok, dvjramst akdun mt ?333 fjjt mok, tjhpjrmturj ?³A, njwpdèt 6³A, menmkt`hjtjr 90.?0 e. Go.

Me mjrdnrdhj fdrjamst (^MF) wms `ssujn fdr APYI mt ==17. _jmtgjr mt =6>: wms fdrjamst td ij<wèn =:3³^ mt =: bedts, v`sì`k`ty orjmtjr tgme 6 sh è kògt rmè, samttjrjn akdun mt :33 fjjt mok,dvjramst akdun mt =933 fjjt mok2 tjhpdrmr`ky ijtwjje =933 men 9333< v`sì`k`ty 9 sh è kògt rmèmen h`st, men dvjramst akdun mt :33 fjjt mok, w`tg m 13% prdimi`k`ty df dvjramst akdun >33 fjjtmok ijtwjje =933 men 9333. Mt =1>>, tgj ^MF wms mhjenjn, men fdr tgj pjr`dn df mrr`vmk, `trjmn< wèn =?3³^ mt =9 bedts, v`sì`k`ty orjmtjr tgme 6 sh, samttjrjn akdun mt 733 fjjt mok,dvjramst akdun mt ?333 fjjt mok2 tjhpdrmr`ky ijtwjje =133 men 9333< v`sì`k`ty 9 sh è kògt rmè

men h`st, men dvjramst akdun mt 733 fjjt mok, w`tg m 13% prdimi`k`ty df dvjramst akdun mt >33 fjjtmok ijtwjje =133 men 9333.

9: ^rmespdrt Amemnm, ^S =>1?= ∙ ^rmespdrt Amemnm Mjrdemutàmk @efdrhmt`de Hmeumk (Â M@H), HJ^ ‑Hjtjdrdkdoy (=? Datdijr 93=1), sjat`de 1.=:.1 (d), mvm`kmikj mtgttp<//www.ta.oa.am/hjn`m/ndauhjets/am-puikàmt`des/HJ^-M@H-93=1-9TJEO->.pnf (kmstmaajssjn de 30 Njajhijr 93=1)



- 99 -

=.?.> Yjsdkutj Imy wjmtgjr `ssujn wg`kj FMI6:63 wms je rdutj

M spja`mk wjmtgjr rjpdrt (QSJA@) fdr APYI, `ssujn mt =>1>, rjmn< wèn =?3³^ mt =6 bedts,v`sì`k`ty =: sh e kògt nr`zzkj, men dvjramst akdun mt :33 fjjt mok. Medtgjr QSJA@, ssujn mt =>:3men prdv`njn td tgj arjw iy m adhpmey n`spmtagjr mt =>::, rjmn< wèn =?3³^ mt =1 bedts,

v`sì`k`ty :/7 sh e kògt nr`zzkj men h`st, vjrtàmk v`sì`k`ty 933 fjjt2 rjhmrbs< fdo 7 dbtms.

Mt =>:=, tgj APYI ^MF wms mhjenjn m sjaden t`hj men, fdr tgj pjr`dn df mrr`vmk, rjmn< wèn=?3³^ mt =: bedts, v`sì`k`ty orjmtjr tgme 6 sh, samttjrjn akdun mt :33 fjjt mok, dvjramst akdun mt?333 fjjt mok2 tjhpdrmr`ky ijtwjje =>33 men 9333< v`sì`k`ty 9 sh è kògt rmè men h`st, dvjramstakdun mt :33 fjjt mok.

^gj APYI HJ^MY fdr =:33, prdv`njn td tgj arjw iy m adhpmey n`spmtagjr mt =:=3, rjmn< wèn=73³^ mt =6 bedts, v`sì`k ty sh, ruewmy v`sumk rmeoj 96 fdr Yuewmy 1: 9933 fjjt è kògtnr`zzkj men fdo, vjrtàmk v`sì`k`ty 933 fjjt, tjhpjrmturj 6³A, njwpdèt 6³A, mkt`hjtjr 90.?0è. Go2 rjhmrbs< 7 dbtms fdo. Medtgjr QSJA@ wms `ssujn mt =:11 men rjmn< wèn =?3³^ mt 7 bedts,

v`sì`k`ty : sh è kògt nr`zzkj men h`st, men dvjramst akdun mt 633 fjjt.

^gj HJ^MY mt =633, prdv`njn td tgj arjw iy EMV AMEMNM mt =630, rjmn< wèn =73³^ mt 7bedts, v`sì`k`ty =3 sh e kògt nr`zzkj, dvjramst akdun mt ?33 fjjt mok, tjhpjrmturj 6.1³A,njwpdèt 6³A, men mkt`hjtjr 90.7= e. Go. Ed dtgjr wjmtgjr disjrvmt`des wjrj ssujn td tgjarjw.

=.?.: Yjsdkutj Imy wjmtgjr `ssujn mftjr tgj maa`njet

M QSJA@ fdr APYI, `ssujn mt =6>0, wms ms fdkkdws< wèn =73³^ mt =1 bedts, v`sì`k`ty : sh è kògtnr`zzkj men h`st, men dvjramst akdun mt 133 fjjt mok.

Ar`tjr`m jx`st fdr tgj `ssumeaj df QSJA@ wjmtgjr rjpdrts td n`ssjhèmtj agmeojs e prjv`duskydisjrvjn wjmtgjr aden`t`des. Fdr v`sì`k`ty agmeojs, m QSJA@ s edt rjqu`rjn uet`k v`sì`k`tynjarjmsjs ijkdw 1 h`kjs. Fdr aj`kèo, m QSJA@ `s rjqu`rjn wgje aj`kèo njarjmsjs ijkdw :33 fjjt,men momè mt =33-fddt earjhjets. 9?

96

Yuewmy v`sumk rmeoj s tgj hmx`huh gdr`zdetmk n`stmeaj, ms hjmsurjn iy me mutdhmtjn v sumkkmenèo n`stmeaj systjh fdr tgj n`rjat`de df tmbj-dff dr kmenèo, mt wgàg tgj ruewmy, dr tgj kògts drhmrbjrs njkèjmtèo `t, ame ij sjje frdh m pdèt midvj `ts ajetrjkèj mt m gjògt adrrjspdenèo td tgjmvjrmoj jyj kjvjk df p`kdts mt tduagndwe (^rmespdrt Amemnm, ^S =>1?= ∙ ^rmespdrt Amemnm Mjrdemutàmk@efdrhmt`de Hmeumk RÂ M@HX, YMA ‑ Yukjs df tgj M`r men M`r ^rmffà Qjrvàjs R=? Datdijr 93=1X,sjat`de 0.93.=).

9? Jev`rdehjet Amemnm, Jev`rdehjet Amemnm Hmeumk df Qurfmaj _jmtgjr Disjrvmt`des (JA HMEDIQ), ?tg jn`t`de, Mhjenhjet =7 (Lmeumry 93=1), Agmptjr =6, sjat`de =6.>.>



- 91 -

=.?.6 Zppjr wèns

^gj dpjrmt`demk fkògt pkme (DFS) fdr FMI6:63 men uppjr wèn fdrjamsts sgdwjn tgmt tgj fkògtwdukn jxpjr`jeaj earjmsèo tm`kwèns ijtwjje Amhir`noj Imy men APYI. gj DFS sgdwjn mtm`kwèn df 61 bedts mt tgj tdp df njsajet (^DN).

=.?.? _jmtgjr rjaj`vjn iy tgj arjw

Adhpmey n`spmtagjrs prjpmrj tgj DFS, eakunèo wjmtgjr men ED^MH (edtàj td m`rhje)èfdrhmt`de, men pkmaj `t de m adhpmey f`kj trmesfjr prdtdadk (F^S) sjrvjr fdr ndwekdmn iy tgjarjw. gj FMI6:63 DFS, eakunèo ED^MH men wjmtgjr efdrhmt`de, wms edt rjadvjrjn frdhtgj armsg s`tj, men jkjatrdeà adp`js df tg`s efdrhmt`de wjrj mutdhmtàmkky njkjtjn frdh tgjadhpmey‐s adhputjr systjh. 97 @t `s mkhdst ajrtmè tgmt tgj DFS `ssujn iy F`rst M`r N`spmtag mt=31: eakunjn aurrjet HJ^MY men MF efdrhmt`de fdr APYI. gj adhpmey dpjrmt`des rddhmt AP\F gmn m adhputjr tjrhèmk w`tg maajss td EMV AMEMNM wjmtgjr èfdrhmt`de, men tgjarjw adukn gmvj ditmèjn suisjqujetky ssujn wjmtgjr iy tg`s hjmes.

=.7 M`ns td emvòmt`de

=.7.= Emvòmt`demk m`ns

Emvòmt`demk m`ns (emv-m`ns) sjrvèo Yjsdkutj Imy (APYI) èakunjn tgj Yjsdkutj Imy ede-n`rjat`demk ijmade (YI ENI), tgj PYI VDY (VGF dhe`n`rjat`demk rmeoj) w`tg mssda`mtjnn`stmeaj hjmsurèo jqu`phjet (NHJ) (edt usjn fdr APYI estruhjet mpprdmag prdajnurjs),men tgj @YI 90 estruhjet kmenèo systjh (@KQ) w`tg mssda`mtjn NHJ. gj m`rpdrt s sjrvjn iyme @KQ/NHJ mpprdmag fdr Yuewmy 1:^ (Mppjen`x A). Mnn`t`demkky, mrjm emvòmt`de (YEMV)mpprdmagjs imsjn de tgj okdimk emvòmt`de smtjkk`tj systjh (OEQQ) sjrvj idtg Yuewmy =?^ menYuewmy 1:^ (Mppjen`x I). ^gjrj wjrj ed rjpdrtjn dutmojs df emv-m`ns mt tgj t`hj df mpprdmag

df FMI6:63.

EMV AMEMNM adenuatjn me m`rwmy fkògt agjab df tgj YI ENI e Edvjhijr 93=3, wgàgsgdwjn tgmt tgj ENI maaurmay wms w`tgè ½:˜ e tgj vàè`ty df wgjrj tgj FMI6:63 adhpmssjswjrj rjsjt. ENI systjhs mrj rjqu`rjn iy ^rmespdrt Amemnm (Â) td ij hmètmèjn w`tgè majrtmè rmeoj df maaurmay< 13

ENI systjhs mrj fkògt agjabjn td me maaurmay df mt kjmst ½:˜ fdr me mpprdmag men½=3˜ fdr je rdutj. Gdwjvjr, huag kmrojr jrrdrs mrj pdssìkj nuj td prdpmomt`de

97 Amemn`me Mv`mt`de Yjoukmt`des (AMY) ?3:.99(1) rjqu`rjs dpjrmtdrs td bjjp m adpy df tgj dpjrmt`demk

fkògt pkme (DFS) fdr m pjr`dn df edt kjss tgme 03 nmys. ^gj adhpmey bjpt jkjatrdeà adp`js df tgjDFSs fdr 03 nmys, mftjr wgàg tgjy wjrj mutdhmtàmkky njkjtjn frdh tgj adhputjr systjhs. ^g`s mrjmdf tgj èvjstòmt`de wms edt pursujn uet`k mftjr tgj 03 nmys, men tgj DFS wms ed kdeojr mvm`kmikj.

90 ^grjj-kjttjr njet`f`jr fdr tgj Yjsdkutj Imy èstruhjet kmenèo systjh (@KQ) trmesh`ttjr

13 ^rmespdrt Amemnm, ^S =>1?= ∙ ^rmespdrt Amemnm Mjrdemutàmk @efdrhmt`de Hmeumk (Â M@H), ADH ‑Adhhueàmt`des (=? Datdijr 93=1), sjat`de 1.6(n), mvm`kmikj mtgttp<//www.ta.oa.am/hjn`m/ndauhjets/am-puikàmt`des/ADH-M@H-93=1-9TJEO-1.pnf (kmstmaajssjn de 30 Njajhijr 93=1)



- 9> -

n`sturimeajs amusjn iy suer`sj dr suesjt, rjfkjatjn sòemks frdh gòg tjrrmè,rjfrmat`de df sòemks ardssèo sgdrjkèjs mt kjss tgme 13˜ men jkjatràmk stdrhs.

Medtgjr m`rarmft suaajssfukky adhpkjtjn tgj @KQ/NHJ Yuewmy 1:^ mpprdmag mpprdx`hmtjky 93hèutjs mftjr tgj maa`njet. Ms m prjamut`demry hjmsurj, tgj @KQ wms fkògt-agjabjn iy EMVAMEMNM de 99 Muoust 93==. gj systjh wms njakmrjn sjrvàjmikj.

=.7.9 Sdssìkj ètjrfjrjeaj w`tg Yjsdkutj Imy èstruhjet kmenèo systjh fueat`demk`ty

^gj ssuj df wgjtgjr tgjrj adukn gmvj ijje ètjrfjrjeaj w`tg tgj APYI estruhjet kmenèosystjh (@KQ) fueat`demk`ty iy h`k`tmry mat`v`ty de tgj APYI m`rf`jkn, dr iy mey dtgjr emvòmt`demkmpprdmag m`n, wms èvjstòmtjn.

^gj @KQ kdamk`zjr sòemk `s adetèudusky hjmsurjn men hde`tdrjn, men sguts ndwe `f tgjtrmesh`ttjr s duts`nj tdkjrmeaj. gj Yjsdkutj Imy @KQ Yuewmy 1:^ hde`tdr nmtm wjrj rjadrnjn,men sgdwjn tgmt tgj ou`nmeaj sòemk wms stmikj men wms edt mffjatjn iy mey etjrfjrjeaj.M`rarmft mv`deàs mksd n`sar`hèmtj uewmetjn sòemks men f`ktjr dut ede-ou`nmeaj ed`sj, men

arjmtj m fkmo mkmrh `f tgj sòemk kjvjk `s èsuffà`jet. ^gjrj wms ed hjet`de iy tgj arjw df meyfkmo mkmrhs ijèo n`spkmyjn de tgj m`rarmft mv`deàs.

Dtgjr emv-m`ns, suag ms VDY, gmvj m frjqujeay agdsje suag tgmt t ame dpjrmtj e gmrhdey w`tgtgj @KQ frjqujeay. Mey etjrfjrjeaj dròèmtèo frdh m VDY wdukn ij h`ssèo m ou`nmeajsòemk, tgjrjiy ojejrmtèo me m`rarmft mv`deàs fkmo mkmrh, men wdukn edt adetmè m Hdrsj adnj`njet`fàmt`de. Ymnmr frjqujea`js mrj duts`nj tgj @KQ rmeoj, wdukn ij rjljatjn iy m`rarmft mv`deàf`ktjrs, ameedt prdv`nj m ou`nmeaj sòemk, men mrj h`ssèo m Hdrsj adnj njet`fàmt`de2 men tgjpuksjn emturj df tgj sòemk ameedt akjmr me mv`deàs fkmo mkmrh.

=.0 Adhhueàmt`des

=.0.= Ojejrmk

^gj f`rst adetmat ijtwjje FMI6:63 men Yjsdkutj Imy (APYI) tjrhèmk daaurrjn mt =696<9?, wgjetgj fkògt wms 73 emutàmk h`kjs (eh) frdh APYI. Yjmnmi`k`ty wms e`t`mkky uesmt`sfmatdry, mensmt`sfmatdry 9-wmy adhhueàmt de wms edt jstmik`sgjn uet`k =690<>0 (:6 eh frdh APYI). Deaj9-wmy adhhueàmt`de wms jstmik`sgjn, adhhueàmt`de ijtwjje FMI6:63 men tgj APYItjrhèmk men tdwjr wms jffjat`vj. ^gj fdkkdwèo suisjat`des njsarìj adhhueàmt`de mat`v`t`jsedt prjv`dusky n`saussjn è sjat`de =.=.

=.0.9 Mrr`vmk men mpprdmag df BIM030

M sjaden estruhjet fkògt rukjs (@FY) m`rarmft, BIM030, wms mpprdmagèo APYI frdh tgjsdutgjmst. @e`t`mk adetmat ijtwjje BIM030 men APYI tdwjr daaurrjn mt =610<>0. gj rmnmr nmtmsgdwjn BIM030 jetjrèo tgj Akmss N 1= adetrdk zdej mt mpprdx`hmtjky =6>3<::. @t wms trmvjkkèo

1= Akmss N m`rspmaj `s m adetrdkkjn m`rspmaj w`tgè wgàg idtg estruhjet fkògt rukjs (@FY) men v`sumkfkògt rukjs (VFY) fkògts mrj pjrh`ttjn, iut VFY fkògts hust jstmik`sg 9-wmy adhhueàmt`de w`tg tgj



- 9: -

tdwmrn tgj m`rpdrt mt me mkt`tunj df 9933 fjjt midvj sjm kjvjk (msk) mt =:7 bedts. Mt tg`s t`hj,FMI6:63 wms 9.> eh frdh tgj m`rpdrt, trmvjkkèo mt =71 bedts, njsajenèo tgrduog ==33 fjjt msk.Mt =6>9<9:, BIM030 rjpdrtjn ? h`kjs sdutgjmst df tgj f`jkn. BIM030 rjpdrtjn dvjrgjmn tgj YIijmade mt =6>:<3: adhhjeaèo tgj èstruhjet kmenèo systjh (@KQ) imab adursj Yuewmy =?^prdajnurj. g`s rjpdrt daaurrjn midut 1 hèutjs mftjr tgj kmst trmesh`ss`de frdh FMI6:63.BIM030 suisjqujetky adenuatjn m h`ssjn mpprdmag, fdkkdwjn iy tgj @KQ Yuewmy 1:^, men

kmenjn mt =?37.

=.0.1 Adhhueàmt`de sjmrag fdr FMI6:63

^d rjnuaj tgj pdssì`k`ty df adefkàt w`tg me m`rarmft jxpjr`jeaèo m adhhueàmt de fm`kurj,mrtàkj 6==.=J df EMV AMEMNM MÂ HMEDSQ n`rjats adetrdkkjrs td suspjen dr rjstràt, td tgjjxtjet ejajssmry, tgj hdvjhjet df dtgjr m`rarmft è tgj vàè`ty df tgj njstèmt`de m`rpdrt fdr 13hèutjs mftjr tgj kmtjst df tgj fdkkdwèo t`hjs< 19

=. ^gj jst`hmtjn t`hj df mrr`vmk fure`sgjn iy tgj m`rarmft2

9. ^gj jst`hmtjn t`hj df mrr`vmk amkaukmtjn iy tgj @FY ue`t2

1.

^gj jst`hmtjn t`hj je rdutj eakunjn e tgj fkògt pkme2>. ^gj jxpjat-mpprdmag-akjmrmeaj t`hj kmst mabedwkjnojn iy tgj m`rarmft2 dr,

:. @f me mpprdmag akjmrmeaj gms ijje mabedwkjnojn, tgj t`hj mt wgàg tgjm`rarmft s bedwe dr jst`hmtjn td gmvj adhhjeajn tgj mpprdmag.

_gje FMI6:63 n`n edt kmen men adukn edt ij adetmatjn, tgj tdwjr adetrdkkjr adeakunjn tgmt tgjm`rarmft gmn kdst adhhueàmt`des men wms k`bjky amrryèo dut m h`ssjn mpprdmag. Gdwjvjr, tgjrjqu`rjhjets df mrtàkj 6==.=J wjrj edt mppk`jn.

EMV AMEMNM MÂ HMEDSQ mrtàkj 69>.= 11 n`rjats adetrdkkjrs td efdrh tgj mpprdpr`mtj ldèt rjsauj addrnèmt`de ajetrj (LYAA) df efdrhmt`de rjomrnèo me @FY dr adetrdkkjn v`sumk

fkògt rukjs (AVFY) m`rarmft tgmt s è mey dej df ueajrtmèty, mkjrt dr n`strjss pgmsjs. Me mkjrtpgmsj s m sjmrag-men-rjsauj tjrh, men rjfjrs td tgj s`tumt`de tgmt jx`sts wgje me m`rarmft gmsijje akjmrjn td kmen men fm`ks td kmen w`tgè : hèutjs df tgj jst`hmtjn t`hj df kmenèo menadhhueàmt`de gms edt ijje rj-jstmik`sgjn w`tg tgj m`rarmft. 1> APYI tdwjr wms tgj adetrdkkèomojeay mt tgj t`hj, men wms rjspdesìkj fdr mkjrtèo LYAA tgmt FMI6:63 wms e tgj mkjrt pgmsj.

Mt =6>:<93, midut 1 hèutjs mftjr tgj kmst FMI6:63 trmesh`ss`de, tgj APYI tdwjr adetrdkkjrtrmesh`ttjn m amkk td FMI6:63 rjqujstèo ts kdamt`de. Momè mt =6>6<1> men mt =6>7<=>, tgj tdwjradetrdkkjr mttjhptjn adetmat w`tg FMI6:63 men nja`njn tgmt tgj m`rarmft gmn prdimiky ndej m

mpprdpr`mtj m`r trmffà adetrdk (MÂ) mojeay ijfdrj jetjrèo tgj m`rspmaj. MÂ sjpmrmt`de `s prdv`njndeky td @FY m`rarmft. M`rarmft w`kk ij prdv`njn w`tg trmffà èfdrhmt`de.

19 EMV AMEMNM, M`r ^rmffà Adetrdk Hmeumk df Dpjrmt`des (MÂ HMEDSQ) , Smrt 6< Jhjrojea`js,suipmrt 6== ‑ Ojejrmk, mrtàkj 6==.=J

11 @i`n., suipmrt 69> ‑ Edt`fàmt`de df YAA, mrtàkj 69>.=

1> Emt`demk Qjmrag men Yjsauj (QMY) Hmeumk, I-OM-930-33=/FS-33= NFD :>>0 (rjv`sjn Hmy 9333),Agmptjr 6, sjat`de 6.7.9



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h`ssjn mpprdmag men gmn kdst adhhueàmt`des. Nurèo tg`s t`hj, tgj APYI orduen adetrdkkjradetmatjn tgj f`rj gmkk td mnv`sj `t td stmeniy fdr m pdssìkj jhjrojeay.

Mt =6>?, tgj APYI orduen adetrdkkjr adetmatjn tgj APYI Adhhue`ty Mjrdnrdhj Ymn`d Qtmt`de(AMYQ) dpjrmtdr sjjbèo èfdrhmt`de de FMI6:63. ^gj AMYQ dpjrmtdr mnv`sjn tgmt gj gmn edtgjmrn mey amkks frdh FMI6:63 fdr m wg`kj. Mt midut tg`s t`hj, m vjgàkj wms n`spmtagjn iy APYI

tdwjr td survjy tgj m`rf`jkn men ruewmy mpprdmagjs fdr mey sòe df tgj m`rarmft. Edej wmsrjpdrtjn.

Mt =6:><:3, tgj APYI orduen adetrdkkjr adetmatjn m EMV AMEMNM Mratà Ymn`d dpjrmtdr èEdrtg Imy td equ`rj midut FMI6:63, men wms tdkn tgmt tgj fkògt gmn ijje njkmyjn. gj MratàYmn`d dpjrmtdr n`n edt edtj wgjrj tg`s èfdrhmt`de gmn dròèmtjn. Mt =6:?<39, tgj APYIorduen adetrdkkjr amkkjn F`rst M`r amrod td try td njtjrhèj wgmt tgj njkmy hmy gmvj ijje.

Mt =6:?<:6, tgj Mratà Ymn`d dpjrmtdr adetmatjn tgj EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde Mrjm AdetrdkAjetrj (MAA) sjjbèo èfdrhmt`de de tgj wgjrjmiduts df FMI6:63. Jnhdetde mnv`sjn tgmt tgjfkògt‐s jst`hmtjn t`hj df mrr`vmk (J^M) gmn ijje =6>: men tgmt tgj systjh n`n edt sgdw tgj

fkògt‐s mrr`vmk.

Mt =?36, tgj f`rj gmkk wms msbjn td pkmaj tgj f`rj truabs de stmeniy de tgj m`rf`jkn. Mt =?=>, tgjAPYI tdwjr adetrdkkjr adetmatjn tgj EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA Fkògt Skmeeèo sjat`demen mnv`sjn tgmt FMI6:63 gmn ijje akjmrjn td kmen men tgmt tgjrj gmn ijje ed furtgjradhhueàmt`de w`tg tgj m`rarmft. ^gj EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA mnv`sjn tgmt `t wduknadetmat F`rst M`r td njtjrhèj wgjtgjr tgj adhpmey gmn efdrhmt`de tgmt tgj m`rarmft hògtgmvj ndej m h`ssjn mpprdmag. _gje F`rst M`r mnv`sjn tgj EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA tgmt`t gmn ed èfdrhmt`de de m pdssìkj h`ssjn mpprdmag iy FMI6:63, tgj EMV AMEMNMJnhdetde MAA adetrdkkjr amkkjn LYAA rjetde td rjpdrt tgj h`ssèo m`rarmft.

Mt =?=0, ms tgj akduns disaurèo tgj g`kk k`ftjn td sdhj jxtjet, pjrsdeejk ejmr tgj APYI adetrdktdwjr smw shdbj men fkmhjs de tgj gògjr tjrrmè td tgj jmst df tgj ruewmy. ^gj APYI tdwjradetrdkkjr hhjn`mtjky njakmrjn me jhjrojeay men n`spmtagjn tgj f`rj vjgàkjs td tgj sajej v`mtgj deky mvm`kmikj rdutj, wgàg wms m rdmn tgmt pmssjn edrtg df tgj ruewmy men tgje up tgj g`kkde wgàg tgj VDY wms s`tumtjn. Mkk rjqu`rjn mojea`js wjrj tgje efdrhjn df tgj maa`njet.

Nurèo tgj adhhueàmt`de sjmrag fdr FMI6:63, sdhj df tgj mojea`js tgmt wdukn edrhmkky ijmnv`sjn tgmt tgj m`rarmft wms è tgj mkjrt pgmsj fdr sjmrag men rjsauj wjrj hmnj mwmrj df tgjh`ssèo m`rarmft. Gdwjvjr, tgjrj wms ed fdrhmk njakmrmt`de df me mkjrt pgmsj iy tgj h`k`tmryadetrdk tdwjr e APYI. gjrj wjrj ed jhjrojeay agjabk`sts mvm`kmikj td tgj h`k`tmry adetrdkkjrstd vjr`fy mpprdpr`mtj mat`des.

=.=3 Mjrdnrdhj èfdrhmt`de

=.=3.= Yjsdkutj Imy m`rpdrt

Yjsdkutj Imy M`rpdrt (APYI) s dwejn men dpjrmtjn iy tgj jrr`tdry df Euemvut M`rpdrtsMutgdr`ty. ^gjrj `s = dpjrmt`demk ruewmy, =?/1: mkòejn =6?/1>?³^. M sjaden, mimendejn,ruewmy s njpàtjn de fkògt efdrhmt`de puikàmt`des. Yuewmy 1:^ s 6:3> fjjt kdeo iy =0? fjjt



- 9? -

w`nj, w`tg m ormvjk surfmaj. gj kdeo`tunèmk skdpj frdh tgj tgrjsgdkn df Yuewmy 1:^ s up3.01% fdr tgj f`rst >?33 fjjt, men tgje ndwe 3.>3% fdr tgj kmst =733 fjjt df tgj ruewmy. ^gjm`rpdrt jkjvmt`de s 999 fjjt midvj sjm kjvjk (msk), men tgj Yuewmy 1:^ tduagndwe zdejjkjvmt`de s =0? fjjt msk. Yuewmy 1:^ s jqu`ppjn w`tg m gòg-ètjes`ty s`hpk`f`jn sgdrtmpprdmag kògtèo systjh w`tg ruewmy mkòehjet ènàmtdr kògts, tgrjsgdkn men ruewmy jenkògts, men gòg-ètjes`ty ruewmy jnoj kògts, mkk w`tg : sjttèos. Nurèo tgj mpprdmag df

FMI6:63, tgj mpprdmag men ruewmy kògts wjrj sjt td sjttèo :, tgj irògtjst mvm`kmikj sjttèo.

^gjrj s ed m`rarmft rjsauj men f`rjfògtèo (MYFF) ampmi`k`ty kdamtjn mt APYI. gj jhjrojeayrjspdesj pkme fdr tgj m`rpdrt, gdwjvjr, k`sts tgj rjsdurajs men rjspdesì`k`t`js df tgj pjrsdeejkwgd mrj evdkvjn e tgj rjspdesj td vmr`dus jhjrojeay s`tumt`des. gj rdkjs df tgj AMYQdpjrmtdr, tgj AMYQ supjrv`sdr, tgj sje`dr mnhè`strmt`vj dffàjr, tgj sje`dr m`rpdrtrjprjsjetmt`vj, tgj Ydymk Amemn`me Hduetjn Sdkàj (YAHS), tgj v`kkmoj vdkuetjjr f`rjnjpmrthjet, tgj f`rj ag`jf, tgj v`kkmoj hjnàmk sjrvàjs men mhiukmeaj, tgj m`rkèjrjprjsjetmt`vj, men tgj trmespdrtmt`de prdormhs hmemojr mrj k`stjn w`tg rjqu`rjn mat`des menèfdrhmt`de fkdw agmrts. gj v`kkmoj vdkuetjjr f`rj njpmrthjet s ampmikj df fògtèo struaturmkf`rjs, iut gms ed fdmh ampmi`k`ty fdr m`rarmft f`rjs men `s edt trmèjn fdr m`rarmft f`rjfògtèo men

rjsauj.

=.=3.9 Dpjrmt`de EMEDDB mnn`t`demk rjsdurajs

Ms pmrt df Dpjrmt`de EMEDDB, tgj Amemn`me H`k`tmry jstmik`sgjn m fukky stmffjn f`rj gmkk detgj m`rpdrt, jqu`ppjn w`tg 9 Dsgbdsg M =:33A f`rj truabs, jmag amrryèo ?:3 k`trjs df fdmh,6333 k`trjs df wmtjr, 99: b`kdormhs df nry agjhàmk, ms wjkk ms gmengjkn f`rj jxtèou`sgjrs mensjkf-adetmèjn irjmtgèo mppmrmtus. Ms wjkk, m fukky stmffjn hjnàmk fma`k`ty wms jstmik`sgjn detgj m`rpdrt. Qjvjrmk h`k`tmry gjkàdptjrs (Or`ffde men Qjm Bèo) men m Admst Oumrn gjkàdptjrwjrj s`tumtjn è APYI mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet.

=.=3.1

Adhhue`ty mjrdnrdhj rmn`d stmt`desAdhhue`ty mjrdnrdhj rmn`d stmt`des (AMYQ) prdv`nj mv`mt`de wjmtgjr men adhhueàmt`dessjrvàjs mt njsòemtjn s`tjs e tgj Pubde, Edrtgwjst jrr`tdr`js, Euemvut, men Edrtgjre]uàija. AMYQ fma`k`t`js mrj jqu`ppjn w`tg hjtjdrdkdoàmk estruhjets fdr hde`tdrèo menrjadrnèo mv`mt`de surfmaj wjmtgjr, men adhhueàmt`des jqu`phjet fdr prdv`nèo dpjrmt`demkèfdrhmt`de td p`kdts. AMYQ mrj dpjrmtjn iy disjrvjrs/adhhueàmtdrs wgd mrj usumkkyrjaru`tjn kdamkky.

APYI `s sjrvjn iy m AMYQ ue`t, wgàg `s gdusjn è tgj m`rpdrt tjrhèmk iu`knèo. Nurèo tgjdaaurrjeaj, tgj AMYQ wms stmffjn ms rjqu`rjn, w`tg = disjrvjr/adhhueàmtdr wgd adetèujntd pjrfdrh tgj wjmtgjr disjrvèo prdormh men dtgjr edrhmk AMYQ tmsbs, w`tg tgj jxajpt`de df

adhhueàmtèo w`tg m`rarmft td prdv`nj dpjrmt`demk efdrhmt`de. gmt tmsb gmn ijje mssuhjniy tgj Amemn`me H`k`tmry m`r trmffà adetrdk (MÂ) ue`t tgmt wms sjt up td suppdrt Dpjrmt`deEMEDDB.

_jmtgjr disjrvmt`des tmbje iy tgj AMYQ stmff mrj trmesh`ttjn iy adhputjr td Jev`rdehjetAmemnm men EMV AMEMNM.



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=.== Fkògt rjadrnjrs

=.==.= Ojejrmk

Idtg tgj fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr (FNY) men tgj adabp`t vdàj rjadrnjr (AVY) wjrj kdamtjn è tgjnjir`s f`jkn de tgj nmy df tgj maa`njet, men wjrj trmespdrtjn td tgj ^QI kmidrmtdry de 9= Muoust

93==.

=.==.9 Fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr

^gj m`rarmft wms jqu`ppjn w`tg m Gdejywjkk sdk`n-stmtj FNY (hdnjk QQZFNY, pmrt ed. 073 >=93Y]ZQ). ^gj hjhdry hdnukj wms suaajssfukky ndwekdmnjn.

^gj FNY rjadrnjn m tdtmk df 9> pmrmhjtjrs. @t adetmèjn mpprdx`hmtjky 9? gdurs df fkògt nmtm,wgàg eakunjn tgj daaurrjeaj fkògt men =? prjv`dus fkògts. Mppjen`x @ tgrduog E sgdwsjohjets df vmr`dus stmojs df tgj fkògt. Mppjen`x D men Mppjen`x S sgdw tgj fkògt pmtg erjkmt`de td ok`njskdpj men kdamk`zjr ms njr`vjn frdh FNY men rmnmr nmtm.

=.==.9.= Fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr nmtm n`sarjpmeay

M nmtm n`sarjpmeay wms edtjn nurèo tgj tmbj-dff pdrt`de df tgj maa`njet fkògt. Mkk df tgj vmkujsdf tgj rjadrnjn pmrmhjtjrs wjrj eades`stjet w`tg tgj jxpjatjn ijgmv`dur. Qgdrtky mftjrkjvjkkèo dff mt tgj aru`sèo mkt`tunj df 1= 333 fjjt, m sunnje n`sadetèu`ty e tgj nmtm daaurrjn2tgj nmtm tgje mppjmrjn td ijadhj vmk`n men rjhmèjn vmk`n uet`k `hpmat. ^gj èvmk`n nmtmkmstjn fdr mpprdx`hmtjky =0 hèutjs. grjj df tgj dtgjr prjv`dus fkògts gmn mksd adetmèjns`h`kmr medhmk`js mt tgj stmrt df tgj fkògts. Mkk df tgj medhmk`js jxgì`tjn tgj smhjagmrmatjr`stàs, emhjky, tgmt tgjy wjrj prjsjet frdh stmrt-up men mffjatjn mkk pmrmhjtjrs. gjdeky adhhde n`stèat`de ijtwjje tgj evmk`n nmtm pdrt`des wms tgmt tgj èvmk`n nmtm ijome mt

stmrt-up. ^gj kjeotg df t`hj jmag nmtm sjt rjhmèjn èvmk`n wms n`ffjrjet. Fdr tgj tgrjjmnn`t`demk fkògts jxgì`t eo medhmkdus nmtm mt stmrt-up, tgj kjeotg df t`hj vmr`jn frdh =3hèutjs td dvjr 93 hèutjs.

=.==.9.9 Ou`nmeaj fdr fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr hmètjemeaj

Amemn`me Mv`mt`de Yjoukmt`des (AMY) Qtmenmrn 69:, Mppjen`x A, rjqu`rjs m nmtm adrrjkmt`deagjab td ij adhpkjtjn. 1: gj pmrmormpg adetmèèo tg`s st`pukmt de mksd rjfjrs tgj rjmnjr tdJZYDAMJ 16 JN-:: 1? fdr ou`nmeaj de FNY hmètjemeaj, eakunèo adrrjkmt`de agjabs. gjpurpdsj df tgj FNY adrrjkmt`de agjab s td jesurj tgmt mkk rjqu`rjn pmrmhjtjrs mrj ijèorjadrnjn men mrj df me maajptmikj qumk`ty.

1: Amemn`me Mv`mt`de Yjoukmt`des (AMY), Qtmenmrn 69:, Mppjen`x A ‑ Dut df Sgmsj ^msbs men Jqu`phjetHmètjemeaj Yjqu`rjhjets, pmrmormpg =?< Fkògt Nmtm Yjadrnjrs

16 Jurdpjme Drome`smt`de fdr A`v`k Mv`mt`de Jqu`phjet

1? Jurdpjme Drome`smt`de fdr A`v`k Mv`mt`de Jqu`phjet, Ndauhjet JN-::< Hè`huh Dpjrmt`demkSjrfdrhmeaj Qpja`fàmt`de fdr Fkògt Nmtm Yjadrnjr Qystjhs (Hmy =003)



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JN-:: rjqu`rjs hmètjemeaj pjrsdeejk td rjpkmy mt kjmst =: hèutjs df fkògt nmtm. F`rst M`r wmsadenuatèo ts FNY adrrjkmt`de agjabs e maadrnmeaj w`tg Mppjen`x A df AMY Qtmenmrn 69:.^gj QI rjv`jwjn prjv`dus nmtm ndwekdmns tgmt F`rst M`r gmn adkkjatjn fdr pmst adrrjkmt`deagjabs. ^gjsj ndwekdmns sgdwjn tgmt tgj nmtm rjadrnèo prdikjh fduen de tgj maa`njet FNYgmn jx`stjn sèaj mt kjmst Hmrag 9337, iut rjhmèjn uenjtjatjn nuj td tgj k`h`tjn nmtm rjv`jwrjqu`rjn iy JN-:: (=: hèutjs).

@e Luej 933?, tgj ^QI prdv`njn m ir`jfèo rjomrnèo ‛Srdikjhs jxpjr`jeajn w`tg fkògtrjadrnjrs‘ td tgj ^rmespdrt Amemnm (Â) Mv`deàs Qtmenmrn`zmt`de _drbsgdp. gj ir`jfèoèakunjn ssujs rjkmtjn td FNY adrrjkmt`de agjabs men hmètjemeaj. A eakunjn me mrtàkjjet`tkjn ‛@ssujs w`tg FNY men AVY Nmtm @njet`f`jn ms m Yjsukt df QI Yjv`jws‘ e Mv`mt`deQmfjty Kjttjr @ssuj 1/9337. 17 ^gj purpdsj df tgj mrtàkj wms td prdhpt dpjrmtdrs men hmètmèjrstd rjv`s`t tgj`r kmst fkògt rjadrnjr agjabs.

^gj QI adetèujs td fèn prdikjhs w`tg FNY nmtm, sdhj df wgàg sgdukn gmvj ijje njet`f`jnmen rjat`f`jn nurèo tgj meeumk adrrjkmt`de agjabs. g`s s`tumt`de adukn ij nuj, e pmrt, td tgjdutnmtjn adetjet df tgj AMY Qtmenmrn 69:, Mppjen`x A.

JZYDAMJ spja`fàmt`des mrj rjadoe`zjn etjremt`demkky men mrj a`tjn e tgj @etjremt`demk A`v`kMv`mt`de Drome`zmt`de (@AMD) Qtmenmrns men Yjadhhjenjn Srmatàjs. @e 9331, JN-:: wmssupjrsjnjn iy JN-==9. JN-==9 wms puik`sgjn td upnmtj fkògt rjadrnjr spja`fàmt`des, menprdv`njs jegmeajn ou`nmeaj fdr FNY hmètjemeaj. gj ou`nmeaj fdr tgj nmtm adrrjkmt`de agjabwms mksd jegmeajn men rjqu`rjs tgj nmtm smhpkj td èakunj m wgdkj fkògt, frdh stmrt-up tdsgutndwe. Furtgjr mhjenhjet df JN-==9 `s deodèo, td rjfkjat tgj hdst aurrjet tjageàmkèfdrhmt`de.

=.==.9.1 M`rarmft trmab amkaukmt`de

^gj FNY n`n edt rjadrn pds`t`demk nmtm dr t`hj. ^gj h`k`tmry rmnmr nmtm wjrj vmk`nmtjn iy tgj^QI Kmidrmtdry men usjn mkdeo w`tg tgj survjyjn hpmat hmrbèos td njtjrhèj tgj fkògt pmtgw`tg rjspjat td tgj ruewmy mt Yjsdkutj Imy (APYI).

^gj rmnmr nmtm wjrj usjn td amkaukmtj tgj m`rarmft trmab. ^gj rjadrnjn mkt`tunj, enàmtjnm`rspjjn men gjmnèo pmrmhjtjrs wjrj tgje usjn td arjmtj m fkògt pmtg. ^gj fkògt pmtg wmstgje kèjmrky etjrpdkmtjn td tgj trmab, wgàg rjsuktjn e m shddtgjn men maaurmtj fkògt pmtg.

^gj m`rarmft pds`t`de nmtm wjrj usjn td amkaukmtj tgj m`rarmft orduen trmab men orduen spjjn.^gj fdrjamst wèn spjjn men n`rjat`de wjrj tgje usjn td amkaukmtj tgj m`rarmft nr`ft, gjmnèo mentruj m`rspjjn. gj rjsuktèo m`rarmft gjmnèo men truj m`rspjjn wjrj adhpmrjn td tgj rjsukts dftgj fkògt pmtg amkaukmt`de, men tgjrj wms oddn morjjhjet ijtwjje tgj pmrmhjtjrs.

17 ^rmespdrt Amemnm, ^S =7: ‑ Mv`mt`de Qmfjty Kjttjr , @ssuj 1/9337



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=.==.9.> Gjmnèo nmtm

^gj FNY rjaj`vjs gjmnèoèfdrhmt`de frdh tgj ed .9adhpmss. Mkk nmtm rjadrnjn detgj FNY frdh jeoèj stmrt

uet`k =>:7<:?.: wjrj evmk`n2adesjqujetky, ed gjmnèoèfdrhmt`de s mvm`kmikj fdrtg`s pdrt`de df tgj fkògt. gjvmk`n rjadrnjn ed. 9 adhpmssgjmnèo nmtm fdr tgjrjhmènjr df tgj fkògt wjrjjxmhèjn iy QIèvjstòmtdrs.

Nuj td tgj medhmkdus tmbj-dff

nmtm, `t adukn edt ijnjtjrhèjn wgjtgjr tgj tmbj-dff daaurrjn è njorjjshmoejtà, men `f `t n`n, mt wgmtpdèt tgj gjmnèo wmsueskmvjn men wms sjt tdnjorjjs truj. Mt =69:<3?, tgjgjmnèo pmrmhjtjr wmssg`ftjn, enàmtèo m gjmnèomnlusthjet hmnj iy tgj fkògtarjw. gj gjmnèo rjadrnjnde tgj FNY adhpmrjn td tgj jst`hmtjn matumk m`rarmft gjmnèo wms mpprdx`hmtjky 93³ n`ffjrjetmt tgj t`hj df `hpmat.

M wèn tr`meokj hmy ij usjn td hmbj amkaukmt`des df uebedwe vmr`mikjs f suffà`jet dtgjrvmr`mikjs mrj bedwe (Fòurj 1 men ^mikj 7).

Fòurj 1. Kdamt`des fdr gjmnèo amkaukmt`des



- 1= -

^mikj 7. Quhhmry df wèn tr`meokj amkaukmt`des (orjy sgmnjn mrjms mrj amkaukmt`de rjsukts2)

=69:<3? ed. 9adhpmss rj-skmvjn

=617<33 ijfdrjture mt HZQM^

=6>3<1: de sgdrtfèmk mpprdmag

Mkt`tunj FK973 >133 fjjt msk =9>3 fjjt msk

B^MQ >36 93? =?0

_èn (³^/bedts) 9=6/?> 93>/99 93>/=7

Ymnmr orduen trmab (³^) 31? 317 1:=

Yjsuktmet orduen spjjn(bedts)

>73 997 =0>

Yjsuktmet gjmnèo (³^) 31? 310 1>7

Yjadrnjn ed. 9 adhpmssgjmnèo (³)

390 39> 11=

Gjmnèo n`ffjrjet`mk (³) ∙7 ∙=: ∙=?

B^MQ< bedts truj m`rspjjnmsk< midvj sjm kjvjk

Mt tgj t`hjs enàmtjn fdr tgj adhpmss amkaukmt`des e mikj 7, tgj FNY nmtm sgdwjn tgj m`rarmftè m wèos-kjvjk mtt`tunj.

^gj FNY nmtm sgdwjn pjr`dns nurèo wgàg tgj rjadrnjn gjmnèo pmrmhjtjr agmeojnsuistmet`mkky wg`kj tgj m`rarmft wms fkyèo wèos-kjvjk. wd jxmhpkjs mrj frdh tgjadhhjeajhjet df vmk`n nmtm mt =>:7<:?.: td =:>7<9: men momè frdh =:>0<=1 td =6=9<33. Nurèoidtg pjr`dns, tgj rjadrnjn gjmnèo skdwky agmeojn mt m rmtj df +9:³ pjr gdur. Medtgjr jxmhpkj,

è wgàg tgj nr`ft wms è tgj dppds`tj n`rjat`de, daaurrjn frdh =69:<37 td =61:<=3 mt m rmtj df∙=7³ pjr gdur. ^QI èvjstòmtdrs adesuktjn w`tg Idjèo, Gdejywjkk, _jstjre Mv`deàs, F`rstM`r, men tgj Ydymk Amemn`me M`r Fdraj (YAMF) Qagddk df M`r Emvòmt`de e me jffdrt tdnjtjrhèj wgy tg`s adhpmss ijgmv`dur daaurrjn. Ed adeakus`vj meswjr wms njtjrhèjn.

=.==.9.: Adetrdk wgjjk èput nmtm

^gj FNY rjadrnjn sjvjrmk adetrdk wgjjk hdvjhjets tgmt adukn edt ij maaduetjn fdr iymutdp`kdt dpjrmt`de< ijtwjje =617<>0 men =617<:?, mt =610<=7, men mt =610<16.

=.==.1 Adabp`t vdàj rjadrnjr

^gj m`rarmft wms jqu`ppjn w`tg m Gdejywjkk sdk`n-stmtj AVY w`tg m hè`huh rjadrnèoampma`ty df 13 hèutjs. gj hjhdry wms ndwekdmnjn suaajssfukky men adetmèjn oddn-qumk`tymun`d df tgj fèmk 1= hèutjs df tgj fkògt.

=.==.1.= Fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr men adabp`t vdàj rjadrnjr syeagrde`zmt`de

^gj AVY t`hèo wms adevjrtjn td Ze`vjrsmk Addrnèmtjn ^`hj (ZÂ) iy syeagrde`zèo tgjmun`d w`tg tgj m`r trmffà adetrdk (MÂ) rjadrnèos rjaj`vjn frdh EMV AMEMNM. gj FNY wms



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tgje syeagrde`zjn w`tg tgj AVY iy adhpmr`sde df tgj VGF bjyèo rjadrnjn de tgj FNY. ^gjsmhpkèo rmtj fdr VGF bjyèo `s deaj pjr sjaden2 adesjqujetky, tgj pdssìkj jrrdr è tgjAVY/FNY syeagrde`zmt`de adukn ij ½= sjaden.

=.=9 _rjabmoj men `hpmat èfdrhmt`de

=.=9.= @hpmat

^gj m`rarmft adkk`njn w`tg tgjsgduknjr df m g`kk mpprdx`hmtjky= emutàmk h`kj (eh) jmst df tgjh`n-f`jkn df Yjsdkutj Imy (APYI).@t struab up-skdpèo tjrrmè mt106 fjjt midvj sjm kjvjk (msk) è m:³ edsj-up, wèos-kjvjk mtt`tunj,ijfdrj rjiduenèo etd tgj m`r,sgjnnèo adhpdejets mkdeo tgjnjir`s trm`k. gj m`rarmft adetèujnè m imkk`stà mra dvjr tgj arjst dftgj sgduknjr men adetmatjn tgjskògtky ndwe-skdpèo orduenmkdeo tgj pkmtjmu fdrhjn iy tgjtdp df tgj sgduknjr (Fòurj >).

^gj sjadenmry adetmat wmsmpprdx`hmtjky :03 fjjt ndwe-rmeoj frdh tgj è`t`mk hpmatkdamt`de. gj m`rarmft irdbj etd 1

hmè sjat`des (tgj jhpjeemoj,tgj ajetrj fusjkmoj men wèos,men tgj fdrwmrn fusjkmoj/adabp`t) ms t sk`n mkdeo tgj orduen. gj jhpjeemoj men ajetrjfusjkmoj rjhmèjn de tgj pkmtjmu2 tgj fdrwmrn fusjkmoj/adabp`t adetèujn furtgjr mkdeo tgjnjir`s f`jkn men amhj td rjst è m oukky fdrhjn iy m strjmh tgmt nrmèjn ètd Qtr`p Kmbj(Sgdtd >).

^gj njir`s trm`k njvjkdpjn e m EE_ n`rjat`de, fdkkdwèo m ijmrèo df mpprdx`hmtjky 1>>³^.^gj njir`s trm`k gmn me dvjrmkk kjeotg df =>33 fjjt frdh tgj pdèt df è`t`mk `hpmat td tgj adabp`t.^gj w`njst sjat`de df tgj njir`s trm`k wms midut 193 fjjt. Dej wgjjk amhj td rjst mt tgj idttdh dftgj g`kk jmst df Qtr`p Kmbj.

Fòurj >. Maa`njet s`tj



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Sgdtd >. Maa`njet s`tj kddbèo edrtg

=.=9.9 _rjabmoj

Mkk df tgj nmhmoj td tgj m`rarmft struaturj fduen è tgj njir`s trm`k wms nuj td adetmat w`tg tgjorduen. Mkk df tgj prèa`pmk struaturmk adhpdejets df tgj m`rarmft wjrj maaduetjn fdr è tgjnjir`s trm`k. Ed jv`njeaj wms fduen td suoojst tgmt tgjrj wms mey struaturmk fm`kurj uerjkmtjn tdorduen adetmat.

^gj jxtjes`vj irjmbup df tgj m`rarmft men sjvjrj pdst-armsg f`rj nmhmoj hmnj `t `hpdssìkj tdadenuat m adhpkjtj survjy df mkk df tgj frmaturj surfmajs. Gdwjvjr, mkk tgdsj frmaturj surfmajstgmt wjrj jxmhèjn jxgì`tjn fjmturjs tgmt wjrj ades`stjet w`tg me dvjrstrjss hdnj df fm`kurj.Ed sòe wms fduen df prj-jx`stèo fmtòuj fm`kurjs.

^gj ajetrj pdrt`de df tgj fusjkmoj men rògt wèo gmn ijje jxpdsjn td m sjvjrj pdst-armsg f`rj.Edej df tgj wrjabmoj fduen è tgj njir`s trm`k jmrk`jr td tgmt pdèt sgdwjn mey jv`njeaj df f`rjnmhmoj. Ed sòe wms fduen td suoojst tgmt tgjrj gmn ijje m f`rj de idmrn tgj m`rarmft ijfdrj tgjarmsg.

Nmhmoj td tgj ed. = men ed. 9 jeoèjs wms ades`stjet w`tg me hpmat wg`kj dpjrmtèo w`tg gògrdtmt`demk jejroy. ^gj s`h`kmr`t`js è tgj nmhmoj ijtwjje tgj 9 jeoèjs suoojst tgmt idtgjeoèjs wjrj rdtmtèo mt adhpmrmikj spjjns. Idtg jeoèjs wjrj dpjrmtèo edrhmkky menrjspdenèo td eputs ijfdrj `hpmat.

^gj VGF EMV sjkjatdr sw`tag wms rjadvjrjn e tgj AMS^ DE MZW pds`t`de. Hàrdsadpàjxmhèmt`de njtjrhèjn tgmt tgj sw`tag wms k`bjky e tgj EDYHMK pds`t`de ijfdrj hpmat iutgmn ijje fdrajn ètd tgj AMS^ DE MZW pds`t`de nuj td `hpmat fdrajs.

Mkk 1 VGF/EMV rjaj`vjrs wjrj rjadvjrjn è nmhmojn aden`t`de. ^gj rjaj`vjrs wjrj jxmhèjnuenjr supjrv`s`de df tgj QI mt tgj Ydabwjkk Adkkès fma`k`t`js e @rvèo, jxms, de =9 Njajhijr93==. ^gj jxmhèmt`de njtjrhèjn tgmt idtg tgj ed. = men ed. 9 rjaj`vjrs k`bjky gmn meèstruhjet kmenèo systjh (@KQ) frjqujeay sjkjatjn. gj jxmhèmt`de adukn edt njtjrhèj tgj



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tueèo pds`t`de df tgj ed. 1 rjaj`vjr. Ijamusj tgj VGF EMV sjkjatdr sw`tag wms k`bjky e tgjEDYHMK pds`t`de, tgj ed. 1 rjaj`vjr wdukn edt gmvj ijje mat`vjky è usj mt tgj t`hj df tgjmaa`njet.

N`smssjhiky men hàrdsadpà jxmhèmt`de df tgj amptmè‐s EMV/Adh adetrdk pmejknjtjrhèjn tgmt tgj EMV sjkjatdr gmn m sjttèo df ==3.13 (@KQ frjqujeay fdr APYI) mt tgj t`hj

df `hpmat. ^gj n`stmeaj hjmsurèo jqu`phjet (NHJ) sjkjatdr n`mk wms sjt td NHJ. ^gj FD‐sEMV/Adh adetrdk pmejk wms fduen w`tg tgj EMV sjkjatdr sjt mt ==3.13. ^gj NHJ sjkjatdr n`mkwms sjt td NHJ.

Ed efdrhmt`de adukn ij ditmèjn frdh jxmhèmt`de df tgj mutdhmtà n`rjat`de fènèo (MNF)adhpdejets.

^gj adhpmss trmesfjr sw`tag wms m kdabèo tdookj-typj sw`tag tgmt wms rjadvjrjn e tgj ID^GDE = pds`t`de. Hàrdsadpà jxmhèmt`de rjvjmkjn tgmt tgj sw`tag gmn k`bjky ijje è tgjEDYHMK pds`t`de ijfdrj hpmat men gmn ijje fdrajn ètd tgj ms-rjaj`vjn pds`t`de nuj td`hpmat fdrajs.

Nmhmoj td tgj adhpmss adetrdkkjrs prjakunjn njtjrhèmt`de df prj-`hpmat aden`t`de dr sw`tagsjttèos. ^gj pdst-`hpmat pds`t`de df tgj kmt`tunj bedi de tgj ed. = men ed. 9 adhpmssadetrdkkjrs wms 67³ men 66³, rjspjat`vjky.

Kmidrmtdry jxmhèmt`de df tgj estruhjet adhpmrmtdr iukis adukn edt hmbj mey adeakus`de mstd tgj`r kkuhèmt`de stmtj mt hpmat. gjrj wms ed efdrhmt`de de tgj adabp`t vdàj rjadrnjr(AVY) rjomrnèo `kkuhèmt`de df tgj gjmnèo adhpmrmtdr meeuea`mtdr mt mey t`hj nurèo tgjfkògt.

Kmidrmtdry jxmhèmt`de adeakunjn tgmt tgj w`nj ed. 9 MNF/VDY ijmrèo pdètjr de tgjamptmè‐s rmn`d-hmoejt a enàmtdr (YH@) wms enàmtèo ijtwjje 1=:³ men 193³ mt tgj t`hj df`hpmat. Ed dtgjr adeakus`des adukn ij hmnj rjomrnèo prj-`hpmat aden`t`de. Jxmhèmt`de dftgj FD‐s YH@ adukn edt hmbj mey adeakus`des ms td prj-`hpmat aden`t`de.

^gj amptmè‐s gdr`zdetmk s`tumt`de enàmtdr (GQ@) gmn m irdbje fmaj okmss, men tgj etjremkadhpdejets wjrj nmhmojn. Ms rjaj`vjn, tgj enàmtjn gjmnèo uenjr tgj kuiijr kèj wms 113³,tgj adursj aduetjr wms sjt td 907³, tgj NHJ ènàmtdr wms sgdwèo 333, men tgj gjmnèo iuowms sjt td 113³. Imsjn de hun-pmttjre memkys`s df tgj n`spkmys, tgj adursj aduetjr mppjmrs tdgmvj ijje sjt td 197³ men tgj NHJ ènàmtdr wms n`spkmyèo 3=3 wgje tgj fmaj okmss irdbj.^gjrj wjrj ed dtgjr adeakus`vj hmrbèos de tgj estruhjet.

^gj fmaj okmss frdh tgj FD‐s GQ@ wms irdbje, kjmvèo tgj n`mk fmaj jxpdsjn. Ms rjaj`vjn, tgjènàmtjn gjmnèo uenjr tgj kuiijr kèj wms 193³, tgj adursj aduetjr wms sjt td 1>3³, tgj NHJènàmtdr wms sgdwèo 633, men tgjrj wjrj ed gjmnèo iuos prjsjet. M pmèt shjmr de tgjadhpmss amrn tgmt wms ades`stjet w`tg tgj jnoj df tgj pdètjr adhèo etd adetmat w`tg t pkmajntgj adursj njv`mt`de imr mt me ènàmt`de df = ndt kjft df ajetrj. ^gj adursj aduetjr mppjmrs tdgmvj ijje sjt td 1>1³ wgje tgj fmaj okmss irdbj, imsjn de jxmhèmt`de df tgj hun pmttjre detgj n`spkmy. gjrj wjrj ed dtgjr adeakus`vj hmrbèos de tgj estruhjet.



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Kmidrmtdry jxmhèmt`de df idtg GQ@s adukn edt hmbj mey adeakus`des ms td tgj`r prj-`hpmataden`t`de.

Mktgduog vmr`dus mutdp`kdt adhpdejets wjrj rjadvjrjn, t wms edt pdssìkj td adeakus`vjkynjtjrhèj mey df tgj sjttèos mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet, ms tgjrj wjrj ed njfè`t`vj hmrbèosmen ed ndwekdmnmikj ede-vdkmt`kj hjhdry e tgj vmr`dus adhpdejets.

Jeoèjjrèo jxmhèmt`de df tgj m`rarmft‐s meeuea`mtdr kmhps omvj ueajrtmè rjsukts. Edej df tgjmeeuea`mtdrs jxgì`tjn mey strjtag dr uead`kèo typàmkky mssda`mtjn w`tg f`kmhjets tgmt wjrjgdt mt tgj t`hj df `hpmat, jvje fdr meeuea`mtdrs tgmt wjrj jxpjatjn td gmvj ijje de. @t `stgjrjfdrj pdssìkj tgmt sdhj meeuea`mtdrs hmy gmvj ijje de mt tgj t`hj df tgj è`t`mt`de df tgj`hpmat, iut mppjmrjn dff wgje memkyzjn.

Jeoèjjrèo jxmhèmt`de df tgj ede-vdkmt kj hjhdry frdh tgj 9 OSQ ue`ts rjvjmkjn tgjfdkkdwèo efdrhmt`de<

• Idtg adetmèjn tgj aurrjet nmtmimsj, wgàg gmn me jxp`ry nmtj df 9: Muoust 93==.

• Idtg ue`ts gmn tgj smhj nmtm de tgjh.

• Idtg ue`ts sgdwjn tgmt tgj m`rarmft gmn njv`mtjn td tgj rògt df tgj njs`rjn trmab.

• @t wms edt pdssìkj td njtjrhèj wgmt samkj tgj adetrdk n`spkmy ue`ts (ANZs) wjrj sjt tdmt tgj t`hj df tgj daaurrjeaj, ms tg`s efdrhmt`de rjsjts wgje tgj ue`t kdsjs pdwjr.

• ^gj kmst pds`t`de wms edtjn td ij ?>³>9.06' E, 30>³::.3>' _.

• DÊJK wms tgj aurrjetky sjkjatjn wmypdèt.

• ^gj mat`vj fkògt pkme wms edtjn td ij V@M YEMV1:<

• N`rjat td HZQM^ =933 fjjt

• DÊJK (fèmk mpprdmag f`x) =333 fjjt (tg`s enàmt`de wms e purpkj, sgdwèo tgmt twms tgj tmrojt pdèt)

• Y_1: (h`ssjn mpprdmag pdèt) (tg`s enàmt`de wms e orjje, sgdwèo tgmt t `s tgjejxt pdèt è tgj k`st)

• APYI

=.=1 Hjnàmk men pmtgdkdoàmk èfdrhmt`de

^gjrj wms edtgèo td enàmtj tgmt tgj amptmè‐s dr FD‐s pjrfdrhmeaj wms njormnjn iypgys`dkdoàmk fmatdrs.

=.=> F`rj

Mt =?36, tgj f`rj gmkk wms msbjn td pkmaj tgj f`rj truabs de stmeniy de tgj m`rf`jkn. Mt =?=0, ms tgjakduns disaurèo tgj g`kk k`ftjn td sdhj jxtjet, pjrsdeejk ejmr tgj adetrdk tdwjr rjpdrtjn sjjèoshdbj men fkmhjs de tgj gògjr tjrrmè de tgj jmst s`nj df tgj ruewmy. gj orduen adetrdkkjr`hhjn`mtjky njakmrjn me jhjrojeay men n`spmtagjn tgj f`rj vjgàkjs td tgj sajej. ^gj f`rj



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rjspdesj vjgàkjs prdajjnjn frdh tgj m`rf`jkn up td tgj maa`njet s`tj v`m tgj maajss rdmn td tgjVDY metjeem. Srdorjss wms skdw nuj td tgj rjnuajn v`sì`k`ty de tgj g`kk. gj f`rj ag`jf, amkk sòeYjn Kjmnjr, bjpt tgj tdwjr mnv`sjn df tgj prdorjss, men lust pmst tgj VDY, ènàmtjn tgmt tgjtjrrmè wms tdd trjmagjrdus fdr adetèujn nr`vèo. Yjn Kjmnjr n`shduetjn frdh tgj vjgàkj tdijttjr mssjss aden`t`des. Mt tgj smhj t`hj, Yjn Kjmnjr rjqujstjn tgmt ms hmey mkk-tjrrmèvjgàkjs (M^Vs) ms pdssìkj ij n`spmtagjn td ijttjr maajss tgj s`tj men td amrry suppk`js td tgj

f`rjfògtjrs.

Mt =?1=, Yjn Kjmnjr mnv`sjn tgmt tgj m`rarmft wms è sògt iut st`kk disaurjn men wms sdhjn`stmeaj mwmy. Gj rjpdrtjn m shmkk f`rj, wgàg gj njtjrhèjn adukn ij mttmabjn iy tgjf`rjfògtjrs, men rjqujstjn tgmt tgj M^Vs, de mrr`vmk mt tgj f`rj vjgàkjs, pàb up jxtèou`sgjrsmen sjkf-adetmèjn irjmtgèo mppmrmtus, ijamusj tgj vjgàkjs adukn prdajjn ed furtgjr nuj td mrmvèj. Mt tg`s t`hj, tgj rjhmèèo f`rjfògtjrs n`shduetjn, jqu`ppjn tgjhsjkvjs w`tg 9 f`rjjxtèou`sgjrs jmag frdh tgj vjgàkjs, men rme td tgj maa`njet s`tj, rjpdrtjn td ij midut 733 hn`stmet.

^gj f`rjfògtjrs quàbky jxtèou`sgjn tgj f`rj è tgj fusjkmoj df tgj m`rarmft men tgje mss`stjn f`rst

rjspdenjrs td sjaurj tgj s`tj men trjmt tgj surv`vdrs.

=.=: Qurv`vmk mspjats

=.=:.= Yjsauj rjspdesj

Mt =?1?, Yjn Kjmnjr wms èfdrhjn tgmt tgjrj wjrj =: pjdpkj de idmrn tgj m`rarmft. Mt =?>=, YjnKjmnjr rjpdrtjn tgmt 1 surv`vdrs gmn ijje kdamtjn men tgj sjmrag fdr dtgjrs wms ijèodrome`zjn e maadrnmeaj w`tg rjsauj prdajnurjs. gj dtgjr arjw men pmssjeojrs wjrj fduen tdgmvj n`jn de hpmat.

Ms tgj akduns k`ftjn, me YAMF Or`ffde gjkàdptjr wms n`spmtagjn frdh tgj m`rf`jkn td tgj s`tj. Mtmpprdx`hmtjky =?10, m sjmrag-men-rjsauj tjageà`me de idmrn wms mikj td n`rjat tgj gjkàdptjr tdtgj hdst mpprdpr`mtj kmenèo s`tj sd ms edt td n`sturi tgj f`rjfògtèo dpjrmt`de. Qtrjtagjrsmrr`vjn de sajej, men tgj 1 surv`vdrs wjrj kdmnjn midmrn tgj gjkàdptjr men m`rk`ftjn n`rjatky tdtgj h`k`tmry‐s gdsp`tmk mt mpprdx`hmtjky =?::. gj surv`vdrs wjrj suisjqujetky m`rk`ftjn dut dfYjsdkutj Imy (APYI) de m h`k`tmry AA-=?? trmespdrt m`rarmft mt 99==, men mrr`vjn e @qmku`t,Euemvut, mt 331=. Mkk 1 surv`vdrs wjrj jvjetumkky trmesfjrrjn td gdsp`tmks e Dttmwm, Detmr`d.

=.=:.9 Jhjrojeay kdamtdr trmesh`ttjr

^gjrj wms ed rjadrn df mey mojeay njtjatèo me jhjrojeay kdamtdr trmesh`ttjr (JK^) sòemk

frdh tgj m`rarmft. gj èvjstòmt`de njtjrhèjn tgmt tgj JK^ gmn ijje estmkkjn w`tg tgjmat`vmt`de sw`tag e tgj DFF pds`t`de men tgjrjfdrj adukn edt mutdhmtàmkky trmesh`t upde`hpmat. ^gj amikj kjmnèo frdh tgj JK^ td `ts metjeem wms sjvjrjn de `hpmat, wgàg wdukngmvj sòe`fàmetky rjnuajn tgj trmesh`ss`de sòemk gmn tgj JK^ ijje mrhjn. @t wms mksdnjtjrhèjn tgmt tgj m`rarmft etjrfmaj hdnukj (ndeokj) adetmèjn tgj njet`f`jr adnj frdh tgjprjv`dus m`rarmft de wgàg t wms estmkkjn. Gmvèo tgj eadrrjat njet`f`jr prdormhhjn e tgjJK^ wdukn edt gmvj prjvjetjn t frdh pjrfdrhèo ms njsòejn, iut t wdukn gmvj enàmtjn tdQjmrag men Yjsauj tgmt m n`ffjrjet m`rarmft wms trmesh`ttèo me jhjrojeay sòemk.



- 1? -

=.=:.1 M`rarmft daaupmet sjmts / struaturmk nmhmoj

Fdr tgj daaurrjeaj fkògt, tgj m`rarmft wms adefòurjn w`tg : amrod stmt`des men > rdws dfpmssjeojr sjmtèo. gj fkògt mttjenmets wjrj sjmtjn ijgèn tgj fdurtg rdw df pmssjeojrs, detgj kjft s`nj df tgj m`rarmft. ^gj daaup`jn sjat`des df tgj m`rarmft wjrj jxtjes`vjky nmhmojn

nurèo tgj maa`njet sjqujeaj.

^gj ijkky df tgj ajetrj fusjkmoj wms pmrt`mkky tdre dff, ades`stjet w`tg tgj wrjabmoj nrmooèo detgj orduen ijfdrj adhèo td rjst. ^gj fkddr df tgj pmssjeojr amiè adhpkjtjky sjpmrmtjn frdhtgj fusjkmoj men wms jxtjes`vjky irdbje up. M sjat`de df fkddr adetmèèo tgj > kjft-s`nj rdws dfpmssjeojr sjmts amhj td rjst 1?9 h (=999 fjjt) frdh tgj è`t`mk `hpmat, ijtwjje tgj mft men ajetrjfusjkmoj sjat`des. gj rògt-s`nj fkddr men pmssjeojr sjmts wjrj jxtjes`vjky irdbje up mensamttjrjn mardss tgj njir`s f`jkn. gj fkògt mttjenmet sjmts gmn sjpmrmtjn frdh tgj m`rarmftstruaturj. gj fdrwmrn fusjkmoj sjat`de men adabp`t jxpjr`jeajn sjvjrj struaturmk irjmbup. gjfkògt adhpmrthjet wèndws men surrduenèo struaturj, edsj kmenèo ojmr wjkk, fdrwmrnprjssurj iukbgjmn men edsj rmndhj wjrj sjpmrmtjn frdh tgj fusjkmoj. gj p`kdts‐ sjmts gmn

sjpmrmtjn frdh tgj fkddr.

^gj rjstrmèt systjh usjn td prjvjet daaupmets, amrod, men adhpdejets frdh str`bèo jmagdtgjr w`tgè tgj m`rarmft s adhhdeky rjfjrrjn td ms tgj t`j-ndwe agmè. g`s t`j-ndwe agmèades`sts df tgj sjmt ijkt men meagdrmoj, sgduknjr gmrejss men meagdrmoj, sjmt struaturj menmeagdrmojs, men fkddr. Fm`kurj df mey adhpdejet e tgj t`j-ndwe agmè w`kk orjmtky earjmsj tgjr`sb df elury. @e tg`s maa`njet, fm`kurjs wjrj edtjn e mkk df tgj daaupmets‐ idny rjstrmètsystjhs.

Mkk df tgj sjmts adetmèjn irdbje men/dr njfdrhjn frmhèo men/dr sjmt imabs, pmes, men mrhrjsts. @t s k`bjky tgmt sdhj df tg`s nmhmoj wms amusjn iy jljatjn sjmts adkk`nèo w`tg tgj orduenw`tg sòe`fàmet hdhjetuh. ^gjsj disjrvmt`des ènàmtj tgmt tgj fdrajs matèo upde tgj sjmtstruaturj men mttmaghjets ms m rjsukt df tgj irjmbup sjqujeaj jxajjnjn tgj`r njsòe strjeotg.

@t wms edtjn tgmt sjmt nmhmoj wms hdrj sòe`fàmet wgjrj tgj m`rarmft struaturj wms hdrjjxtjes`vjky nmhmojn, suag ms tgj rògt dutidmrn sjmts men tgj fkògt mttjenmets‐ rdw, wgàg wmsadèa`njet w`tg tgj sjpmrmt`de ijtwjje tgj ajetrj men mft fusjkmoj sjat`des. @t s ades`njrjnk`bjky tgmt tgjsj sjmts sjpmrmtjn jmrk`jr nurèo tgj irjmbup sjqujeaj. Adesjqujetky, tgjy wdukngmvj gmn orjmtjr hdhjetuh, mkkdwèo tgjh td trmvjk dvjr hdrj n`stmeaj tgme tgj kjft-s`njsjmts2 gjeaj tgj orjmtjr nmhmoj disjrvjn.

Mt tgj t`hj df tgj armsg, tgj prj-kmenèo pmssjeojr ir`jfèo gmn ijje amrr`jn dut men tgj amiègmn ijje sjaurjn fdr kmenèo. gjrj wms ed enàmt`de tgmt tgj fkògt mttjenmets wjrj mwmrj dfmey ejjn td prjpmrj tgj amiè fdr me jhjrojeay è mnvmeaj df tgj armsg. Ej`tgjr fkògt mttjenmetsurv`vjn tgj armsg, sd tgjy wjrj edt evdkvjn e mey pdst-armsg jvmaumt`de, f`rjfògtèo, dr f`rstm`n jffdrts. gj surv`vdrs wjrj sjr`dusky elurjn, iut wjrj suffà`jetky hdi`kj td mss`st jmagdtgjr td tgj jnoj df tgj njir`s f`jkn men akjmr df tgj f`rj men shdbj, wgjrj tgjy mwm`tjn rjsauj.

^gj pdst-armsg jxmhèmt`de njtjrhèjn tgmt sdhj df tgj pmssjeojr kmp ijkts hmy edt gmvj ijjetjes`dejn tògtky mrduen tgj g`ps df tgj daaupmets. Hjnàmk efdrhmt`de enàmtjs tgmt kddsj kmpijkts n`n edt adetrìutj td tgj jxtjes`vj elur`js sustmèjn iy tgj daaupmets. gjrj wjrj ed



- 17 -

ènàmt`des df me mssda`mt`de ijtwjje m kddsj kmp ijkt men tgj daaupmet ijèo jljatjn frdh tgj`rsjmt. gjrjfdrj, tgjrj wjrj ed ènàmt`des tgmt tgj mnlusthjet men pds`t`deèo df tgj kmp ijktswms adetrìutdry td tgj surv`vmi`k`ty df tg`s maa`njet fdr j`tgjr mnukts dr ag`knrje.

=.=6 ^jsts men rjsjmrag

^gj QI adenuatjn m sjr`js df sjss`des e m I?1?-933 s`hukmtdr kdamtjn e Vmeaduvjr, Ir`t`sgAdkuhi`m, frdh =0 td 93 Hmrag 93=9. gj purpdsj df tgjsj s`hukmtdr sjss`des wms td<

Fmh`k`mr`zj evjstòmtdrs w`tg<=.

• I?1? adabp`t kmydut, jrodedhàs, men prdajnurmk wdrbfkdw2

• Dpjrmt`de df tgj mutdp`kdt, fkògt n`rjatdr, men VGF emvòmt`de systjhs2 men

• Arjw etjrfmajs w`tg tgjsj adhpdejets2 men td

Jvmkumtj daaurrjeaj mpprdmag sajemr`ds njvjkdpjn iy èvjstòmtdrs.9.

Fdur sjpmrmtj s`hukmtdr sjss`des wjrj adenuatjn dvjr tgj 9-nmy v`s`t, rjsuktèo e 16 tdtmk rues.Mttjenjjs eakunjn pjrsdeejk frdh tgj QI (tjst n`rjatdr, guhme pjrfdrhmeaj evjstòmtdr, menhukt`hjn`m spja`mk`st), ZQ Emt`demk rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn (E^QI) (dpjrmt`des menguhme pjrfdrhmeaj evjstòmtdrs), F`rst M`r (hmemojhjet men trmèèo p`kdts), men Idjèo(systjhs men jeoèjjrèo evjstòmtdrs). gj s`hukmtdr wms dpjrmtjn iy m F`rst M`rrjprjsjetmt`vj, wg`kj rjprjsjetmt`vjs frdh F`rst M`r men Idjèo p`kdtjn tgj s`hukmtdr.

^gj s`hukmtdr wms jqu`ppjn w`tg tgj smhj mutdp`kdt men fkògt n`rjatdr systjhs ms estmkkjn eA-OE_E. Ms tgj s`hukmtdr wms edt jqu`ppjn w`tg OSQ, tg`s adhpdejet adukn edt ijs`hukmtjn.

^gj s`hukmtdr sjss`des fukf`kkjn tgj midvj-k`stjn diljat`vjs. gj tjstèo sgdwjn tgj fdkkdwèo<

• ^gj mutdp`kdt hdnj adukn ij fdrajn td rjvjrt frdh VDY/KDA td HME iy tgj p`kdthmeumkky puttèo fdraj de tgj adetrdk wgjjk e jxajss df tgj mppkàmikj njtjet fdrajw`tgdut ènuaèo mey rdkk.

• ^gj usj df mutdp`kdt VDY/KDA hdnj rjsuktjn e j`tgjr etjrajptèo men trmabèo dradevjrojeaj w`tg tgj kdamk`zjr e jvjry amsj.

=.=? Drome`zmt`demk men hmemojhjet èfdrhmt`de

=.=?.= F`rst M`r

F`rst M`r `s tgj trmnjhmrb emhj usjn iy Irmnkjy M`r Qjrvàjs K`h`tjn. F`rst M`r adrpdrmtj dffàjsmrj kdamtjn è Bmemtm, Detmr`d, men `ts hmè dpjrmtèo imsj `s è Dttmwm, Detmr`d. Qui-imsjs mrjkdamtjn è Imbjr Kmbj, Amhir`noj Imy, Gmkk Ijmag, @qmku`t, Buokubtub, men Yjsdkutj Imy,Euemvut2 ms wjkk ms e Pjkkdwbe`fj, Edrtgwjst jrr`tdr`js. gj adhpmey jhpkdysmpprdx`hmtjky =333 pjdpkj.



- 10 -

^gj drome`zmt`de prdv`njs idtg sagjnukjn men ede-sagjnukjn ndhjstà men etjremt`demk m`rtrmespdrtmt`de sjrvàjs fdr pmssjeojrs men fdr mkk typjs df amrod, èakunèo nmeojrdus oddns.^gj adhpmey dpjrmtjs Idjèo ?1?, Idjèo ?6?, M^Y >9, M^Y ?9, men Kdabgjjn K179 Gjraukjsm`rarmft è Amemn`me Mv`mt`de Yjoukmt`des (AMY) Quipmrt ?3: dpjrmt`des. Mt tgj t`hj df tgjmaa`njet, tgj adhpmey dpjrmtjn 6 I?1? m`rarmft, w`tg >: p`kdts.

=.=?.=.= F`rst M`r dpjrmt`demk hmeumks

F`rst M`r pdkà`js adhhde td mkk adhpmey fkògt dpjrmt`des mrj adetmèjn è tgj F`rst M`r FkògtDpjrmt`des Hmeumk ( FDH).

Qjat`de =.7.= df tgj FDH prdv`njs tgj adhpmey‐s pdkày rjomrnèo stmenmrn dpjrmtèoprdajnurjs (QDSs) mvm`kmi`k`ty men usmoj. M`rarmft typj-spja`fà èfdrhmt`de, eakunèo QDSs, sadetmèjn e tgj mppkàmikj m`rarmft dpjrmt`des hmeumk (MDH), tgj F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, `ssujn td jmag fkògt arjw hjhijr. ^gj MDH men mhjenhjets mrj mpprdvjn iy^rmespdrt Amemnm (Â), men tgjy rjpkmaj tgj m`rarmft fkògt hmeumk. S`kdts mrj rjqu`rjn td gmvj mwdrbèo bedwkjnoj df tgjsj ndauhjets.

^gj MDH s struaturjn e m tgrjj-vdkuhj fdrhmt. Vdkuhj = s njvdtjn td pgmsj- men aden`t`de-df-fkògt efdrhmt`de, ades`stèo df iukkjtès, k`h`tmt`des, jhjrojeay men miedrhmk prdajnurjs,edrhmk prdajnurjs, men suppkjhjetmry prdajnurjs. Mhjenhjet 91 df Vdkuhj =, nmtjn 9= Luej93==, wms aurrjet mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet.

Vdkuhj 9 adetmès tgj èn`v`numk systjhs jxpkmemt`de men `s njsòejn td adhhueàmtjfueat`demk agmrmatjr`st as tgmt mrj w`tgè tgj pmrmhjtjrs df tgj fkògt arjw dpjrmt`de.Mhjenhjet 1 df Vdkuhj 9 wms aurrjet mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet. Vdkuhj 1 men Quppkjhjet =td Vdkuhj 1 adetmè pjrfdrhmeaj nmtm. Mhjenhjet 0 df Vdkuhj 1 wms aurrjet mt tgj t`hj dftgj maa`njet.

FDH sjat`de =.7.= adeakunjs w`tg tgj fdkkdwèo stmtjhjets< 10

Ed njv`mt`de frdh MDH stmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjs s maajptmikj uekjss tgjS@A njtjrhèjs tgmt tgj smfjty df tgj fkògt hmy ij adhprdh`sjn. @e tg`s jvjet,tgj njv`mt`de hust ij tgdrduogky uenjrstddn iy mkk fkògt arjw hjhijrs.

=.=?.=.9 M`rarmft dpjrmt`des hmeumk< edrhmk prdajnurjs

F`rst M`r usjs m same/fkdw pg`kdsdpgy wgjrjiy, fdr edrhmk dpjrmt`des, p`kdts e`t`mtj ajrtmèmat`des (same/fkdws) frdh hjhdry men hdst df tgj tjhs w`tgè m same/fkdw mrj adef`rhjn iyadhpkjtèo tgj maadhpmeyèo agjabk`st. gj agmkkjeoj-rjspdesj adeajpt s usjn fdr mkk edrhmk

agjabk`sts. Yjspdesjs hust ij munìkj men akjmr, men mey rjspdesj dtgjr tgme tgmt rjqu`rjn iytgj agjabk`st s ades`njrjn eadrrjat. gj agjabk`st tjh hust ij rjpjmtjn uet`k tgj adrrjatrjspdesj `s hmnj. Agjabk`sts mrj edrhmkky rjmn iy tgj FD wgje tgj m`rarmft `s de tgj orduen,men iy tgj p`kdt edt fkyèo (SEF) wgje è fkògt.

10 F`rst M`r Fkògt Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk (FDH), Mhjenhjet ed. 9 (== Hmy 93==), sjat`de =.7.=< M`rarmftQtmenmrn Dpjrmtèo Srdajnurjs & Hmeumks, pmoj =-6:



- >3 -

^gj MDH stmtjs tgj fdkkdwèo< >3

_gjrj tgj agjabk`st rjqu`rjs m hukt`pkj rjspdesj, tgj drnjr df rjspdesj de tgjorduen w`kk ij amptmè tgje FD, men e fkògt, SF tgje SEF. _gje m agjabk`st sadhpkjtj, tgj FD (dr SEF è fkògt) w`kk adef`rh adhpkjt`de iy stmtèo tgmt t sadhpkjtjn, j.o., ‘Ijfdrj-Qtmrt Agjabk`st Adhpkjtj‛. M edtj de tg`s pmoj spja`f`jstgmt fèmk kmenèo ojmr men fkmp pds`t`de sgmkk mkwmys ij adef`rhjn iy tgjamptmè.

^gj MDH ènàmtjs tgj adhpmey‐s jxpjatmt`des ms fdkkdws< >=

@t s tgj rjspdesì`k`ty df mkk arjw hjhijrs td amkk td tgj Amptmè‐s mttjet`de, meys`tumt`de tgmt `s edt edrhmk. @t `s edt mssuhjn tgmt tgj Amptmè `s mwmrj df tgjprdikjh. SD@E^ @^ DZ^! g`s mppk`js td mkk fkògt prdajnurjs, orduenprdajnurjs men mey t`hj tgj m`rarmft `s arjwjn … ^gj Amptmè `s sdkjkyrjspdesìkj fdr stràt mngjrjeaj td agjabk`st pg`kdsdpgy.

^gj nyemhà agjabk`st `s mff`xjn td tgj kjft men rògt adetrdk wgjjks men adetmès tgj ijfdrj-tmbj-dff men m`ridrej-imsjn tjhs df tgj edrhmk agjabk`st fdr usj wgje tgj m`rarmft s hdvèo(Fòurj :).

Smoj 31.93.1 df tgj MDH >9 njsarìjs agjabk`st fdrhmt, spja`fyèo tgmt m nmsgjn kèj `s pkmajn ètgj agjabk`st td enàmtj m irjmb è tgj sjqujeaj, men tgmt sdhj mat`de (j.o., EMV rmn`ds sjt fdrtgj mpprdmag, jta.) hust daaur ijfdrj tgj agjabk`st ame prdajjn. _gje tgj agjabk`st `s ijèo rjmnmen tgj ejxt `tjh `s tgj kèj, tgj agmkkjeojr w`kk stmtj ‛Ndwe td tgj kèj.‘ ^gj è-rmeoj agjabk`stgms m nmsgjn kèj.

_g`kj tgj kmenèo agjabk`st `s jxjautjn è 9 pgmsjs, tgjrj `s ed nmsgjn kèj è j`tgjr tgjmhpk`f`jn dr nyemhà kmenèo agjabk`st sjpmrmtèo tgj 9 pgmsjs, ms `s tgj amsj w`tg tgj e-rmeojagjabk`st.

@e tgj pmst, mt kjmst : yjmrs ijfdrj tgj maa`njet, tgj kmenèo agjabk`st wms maadhpk`sgjn wgjetgj ojmr wms jxtjenjn fdr kmenèo. @e rjspdesj td me uestmikj mpprdmag jvjet, tgj adhpmeyrjv`sjn ts prdajnurjs sd tgmt tgj kmenèo agjabk`st wdukn ij e`t`mtjn jmrk`jr e tgj mpprdmagmen wdukn ij jxjautjn è 9 pgmsjs. ^gj nyemhà men mhpk`f`jn agjabk`sts wjrj edt rjv`sjn. Edades`njrmt`de wms o`vje td èsjrtèo m kèj td sòe`fy m irjmb è tgj agjabk`st.

Smojs 31.93.> td 31.93.6 df tgj MDH njsarìj agjabk`st prdajnurjs. @tjh > mnnrjssjs gdknèo tgjagjabk`st, men stmtjs tgj fdkkdwèo< >1

>3 F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==), EDYHMK AGJABK@Q^

SGYMQJDKDOP, pmoj 31.93.=

>= @i`n., SG@KDQDSGP MEN YZKJQ FDY ZQJ DF AGJABK@Q^, pmoj 31.93.9

>9 @i`n., AGJABK@Q^ FDYHM^, pmoj 31.93.1

>1 @i`n., AGJABK@Q^ SYDAJNZYJQ, pmojs 31.93.>∙31.93.6



- >= -

_gje tgj Amptmè jkjats edt td maadhpk`sg me`tjh de tgj agjabk`st wgje `t `s amkkjn, s/gj w`kkstmtj ‛Gdkn tgj agjabk`st mt ( tgj `tjh ). RsàX Edtj< ^gj agjabk`st w`kk edt prdajjn ijyden me`tjh uet`k tgj `tjh `s maadhpk`sgjn men tgjprdpjr rjspdesj `s o`vje.

@tjh : mnnrjssjs adetèuèo tgj agjabk`st, men stmtjs tgjfdkkdwèo< >>

_gje tgj Amptmè njs`rjs td adetèuj tgjagjabk`st, s/gj w`kk stmtj ‛Adetèuj tgjagjabk`st‘. gj agjabk`st w`kk tgje rjsuhj w`tgtgj `tjh mt wgàg `t wms gjkn.

Adhpmey prdajnurjs fdr tgj usj df tgj mutdp`kdt eHME hdnj mrj adetmèjn è Mppjen`x ]. Srdajnurjsfdr tgj dpjrmt`de df tgj mutdp`kdt è VDY/KDA men tgj

fkògt n`rjatdr e MZ^D MSS mrj adetmèjn e Mppjen`xY men Mppjen`x Q. ^gj deky miedrhmk dr jhjrojeayprdajnurj rjkmtèo td tgj mutdp`kdt `s tgj mutdp`kdtn`sjeomojn prdajnurj. gj mat`de fdr tg`s prdajnurj sfdr tgj arjw td hmeumkky fky tgj m`rarmft. ^gjrj mrj edmiedrhmk dr jhjrojeay prdajnurjs fdr tgj fkògtn`rjatdr.

=.=?.=.1 Arjw èampma`tmt`de men twd-adhhueàmt`de rukj

Qjat`de =3.9>.= df tgj FDH mnnrjssjs p`kdt

èampma`tmt`de ms fdkkdws< >:

@eampma`tmt`de df me en`v`numk ame ij j`tgjrdiv`dus (ordss) dr suitkj (pmrt`mk). Div`dusèampma`tmt`de ame ij amusjn iy meytgèo frdhgjmrt fm`kurj td m spjab df nust è tgj jyj. Quitkjèampma`tmt`de ame ij amusjn iy meytgèo frdh mirmè tuhdr td m hjetmk kmpsj amusjn iy strjss. >6

Yjadoe`t`de df div`dus eampma`tmt`de, iy njfè`t`de, prjsjets ed prdikjh. Quitkjdr pmrt`mk èampma`tmt`de s pmrtàukmrky es`n`dus e tgmt tgj ede-fueat`deèo p`kdtame jetjr tg`s stmtj men hmy mppjmr pjrfjatky edrhmk w`tg jyjs dpje men gmens

de tgj adetrdks. Yjadoe`t`de df suitkj eampma`tmt`de hmy tmbj ades`njrmikj t`hj

>> @i`n.

>: F`rst M`r Fkògt Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk (FDH), Mhjenhjet ed. 9 (== Hmy 93==), sjat`de =3.9>.=< S`kdt@eampma`tmt`de, pmoj =3-90

>6 Quitkj èampma`tmt`de hmy ij n`ffàukt td rjadoe`zj, ms t rjqu rjs m suiljat`vj ètjrprjtmt`de dfsyhptdhs Rfddtedtj mnnjnX.

Fòurj :. F`rst M`r I?1? nyemhàagjabk`st (sduraj< F`rst M`r I?1?Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =,Mhjenhjet ed. 91 R9= Luej 93==X, pmoj31.=3.=)



- >9 -

men prjsjets m ue`quj prdikjh fdr tgj F`rst Dffàjr2 tgmt `s, gdw fmr sgdukn gjmkkdw tgj m`rarmft td njv`mtj ijfdrj tmbèo dvjr adetrdk frdh tgj S@A. Fdr tgjsjrjmsdes, tgj ‛twd adhhueàmt`de rukj‘ sgmkk ij mndptjn td rjnuaj tgj r`sb dfmaa`njet, jspja`mkky e tgj ar`tàmk pgmsjs df fkògt, tgj tmbjdff men e`t`mk ak`himen tgj mpprdmag men kmenèo.

Qjat`de =3.9>.9 df tgj FDH n`saussjs tgj adhpmey‐s twd-adhhueàmt`de rukj ms fdkkdws< >? _gjejvjr tgj dtgjr p`kdt ndjs edt rjspden td twd adesjaut`vj vjrimkadhhueàmt`de mttjhpts w`tg j`tgjr m rjpky dr iy jxjautèo m adrrjat`vj fkògthmedjuvrj ydu w`kk smy ‛@ gmvj adetrdk‘ (`f ydu mrj edt mkrjmny tgj p`kdt fkyèo)men w`kk tmbj dvjr adetrdk df tgj m`rarmft uet`k `t ame ij msajrtmèjn tgmt tgj kmab dfrjspdesj wms edt amusjn iy eampma`tmt`de.

_gjejvjr eampma`tmt`de daaurs, wgjtgjr div`dus dr suitkj, tgj prdajnurj s msfdkkdws<

=. Mssuhj adetrdk men fky tgj m`rarmft td m smfj s`tumt`de, dr jeomoj mutdp`kdt (`f

mvm`kmikj)29. Yjstrmè men/dr rjhdvj tgj eampma`tmtjn p`kdt, w`tg tgj mss`stmeaj df m

Fkògt Mttjenmet (`f mvm`kmikj)2

1. Yjdrome`zj tgj adabp`t men prjpmrj fdr kmenèo2

>. Mrrmeoj fdr me mhiukmeaj td hjjt tgj m`rarmft.

^grduogdut tgj rjadrnjn pdrt`de df tgj fkògt, tgj amptmè df FMI6:63 wms vjrimkky rjspdes`vjtd tgj FD‐s adhhjets men suoojst`des, men wms hmbèo adetrdk èputs.

Mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet, dtgjr tgme tgj twd-adhhueàmt`de rukj, tgj adhpmey n`n edt gmvj

mey pdkà`js, prdajnurjs, dr trmèèo prdv`nèo ou`nmeaj ms td gdw me FD adukn jsamkmtj frdhme mnv`sdry rdkj td tmbèo adetrdk df tgj m`rarmft frdh tgj amptmè. S`kdt etjrv`jws rjvjmkjn tgmthdst df tgj amptmès wjrj surpr`sjn men ueadhfdrtmikj wgje msbjn gdw me FD adukn tmbjadetrdk frdh m amptmè wgd wms edt akjmrky eampma`tmtjn.

=.=?.=.> Adhpmss dpjrmt`des è Edrtgjre Ndhjstà M`rspmaj

^gj adhpmey‐s pdkà`js men prdajnurjs fdr adhpmss usj e Edrtgjre Ndhjstà M`rspmaj (ENM)mrj njsarìjn e Mppjen`x . @eakunjn s tgj prdajnurj fdr ditmèèo truj gjmnèo usèo OSQmen ede-n`rjat`demk ijmade (ENI). gj dutput df tg`s prdajnurj s tgj truj gjmnèo, wgàg sn`spkmyjn uenjr tgj rmn`d-hmoejtà enàmtdr (YH@) kuiijr kèj.

^gj adhpmey‐s ètjet, mktgduog edt spja`fàmkky hjet`dejn è tgj MDH, `s tgmt usj df tgjnjstèmt`de ENI td ditmè m ijmrèo de tgj OSQ hè`h`zjs tgj jffjat df jmrtg trmespdrtprjajss`de rmtj. Hdst njstèmt`des e tgj adhpmey‐s mrjm df dpjrmt`des mrj sjrvjn iy me ENI

>? F`rst M`r Fkògt Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk (FDH), Mhjenhjet ed. 9 (== Hmy 93==), sjat`de =3.9>.9< ^wdAdhhueàmt`de Yukj, pmoj =3-13



- >1 -

tgmt wdukn ij tgj deky usmikj ENI fdr me mrr`vèo fkògt. ^g`s wms tgj amsj fdr Yjsdkutj Imy(APYI) men tgj Yjsdkutj Imy ede-n`rjat`demk ijmade (YI ENI).

=.=?.=.: F`rst M`r I?1? p`kdt prmatàjs fdr adhpmss dpjrmt`de

S`kdt etjrv`jws rjvjmkjn tgmt prmatàjs vmr`jn sdhjwgmt, frdh fukk adhpk`meaj w`tg tgj MDH

td edrhs tgmt njv`mtjn frdh tgj MDH suistmet`mkky. Fdr jxmhpkj, kjmvèo AP\F edrtgiduen,arjws rjpdrtjn oddn adhpk`meaj w`tg tgj rjqu`rjhjet td adhhjeaj frjj n`rjat`demk oyrd (NO)dpjrmt`des jetjrèo tgj ENM. Gdwjvjr, de jmst-wjst fkògts dpjrmtèo td men frdh Ymebè @ekjt,Euemvut (APY^), hmey p`kdts rjpdrtjn dpjrmtèo è HMO rmtgjr tgme sw`tagèo td NO msrjqu`rjn, ijamusj tgj hmoejtà vmr`mt`de mt APY^ wms deky >³.

_`tgdut jxajpt`de, p`kdt prmatàjs fdr sjttèo m truj gjmnèo usjn tgj OSQ/ENI prdajnurj eprjfjrjeaj td usèo tgj mstrd adhpmss, men adhpk`jn w`tg tgj prdajnurj sgdwe e Mppjen`x .Gdwjvjr, tgj t`hèo men frjqujeay df tg`s prdajnurj vmr`jn suistmet`mkky. Dej p`kdt rjpdrtjnndèo tg`s prdajnurj rjoukmrky tgrduogdut tgj fkògt, jspja`mkky nurèo njsajet td njstèmt`de,wg`kj dtgjrs rjpdrtjn tgmt t wms ndej deky wgje rjqu`rjn iy tgj agjabk`st.

Ed efdrhmt`de wms mvm`kmikj rjomrnèo tgj FMI6:63 arjw prmatàjs2 gdwjvjr, fkògt nmtmrjadrnjr (FNY) men adabp`t vdàj rjadrnjr (AVY) nmtm sgdw tgmt tgj adhpmssjs wjrj mnlustjndeky deaj, mt =69:<3?, nurèo tgj pdrt`de df tgj fkògt fdr wgàg vmk`n nmtm wjrj mvm`kmikj. Mttg`s t`hj, tgj YI ENI wms tgj deky ENI w`tgè rmeoj, mt m ijmrèo men n`stmeaj frdh tgjm`rarmft df 390³^ mt 0= eh.

S`kdts rjpdrtjn tgj adhpmey‐s I?1? adhpmssjs wdukn sdhjt`hjs n`ffjr td tgj jxtjet tgmt tgjgjmnèo adhpmrmtdr wdukn kkuhèmtj. gjsj estmeajs wdukn rjsdkvj wgje tgj adhpmssjswjrj mkkdwjn td skmvj `f dpjrmtèo è HMO, dr wjrj rjsjt `f dpjrmtèo è NO.

S`kdts rjpdrtjn vmr`jn prmatàjs rjomrnèo sjttèo tgj kmt`tunj adetrdkkjr. Qdhj wdukn sjt tgjadetrdkkjr td tgj mpprdx`hmtj h`n-kmt`tunj df tgj rdutj ijèo fkdwe, wg`kj dtgjrs wdukn usj tgjaurrjet kmt`tunj mt tgj t`hj wgje tgj adhpmss wms ijèo sjt. Ed efdrhmt`de wms mvm`kmikjrjomrnèo tgj FMI6:63 arjw prmatàjs.

=.=?.9 Mnmptmt`des df stmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjs

=.=?.9.= Ojejrmk

QDSs men agjabk`sts mrj ar`tàmk efdrhmt`de rjsdurajs tgmt prdv`nj prdajnurmk ou`nmeaj tdp`kdts fdr tgj dpjrmt`de df me m`rarmft. gjy mss`st w`tg p`kdt nja`s`de hmbèo men w`tg tgjjstmik`sgèo df sgmrjn hjetmk hdnjks ijtwjje tgj p`kdts, men prdv`nj p`kdts w`tg

prjnjtjrhèjn suaajssfuk sdkut`des td vmr`dus s`tumt`des iy maaduetèo fdr r`sb fmatdrs tgmt hmyedt ij rjmn`ky mppmrjet td m p`kdt nurèo edrhmk dpjrmt`des dr me miedrhmk/jhjrojeays`tumt`de.

_g`kj t s `hpdssìkj td njvjkdp agjabk`sts dr prdajnurjs fdr mkk pdssìkj adetèojea`js,fdkkdwèo tgj mpprdpr`mtj agjabk`st dr prdajnurj w`kk prdv`nj p`kdts w`tg tgj smfjst men hdstjffà`jet adursj df mat`de e hdst amsjs. Gdwjvjr, f agjabk`st men prdajnurmk n`sa`pkèj s edt



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tmuogt, prmat`sjn, rjèfdrajn, men hde`tdrjn, tgjrj s m nmeojr tgmt p`kdts w`kk njv`mtj frdhprjsarìjn prdajnurjs dr rjspden empprdpr`mtjky td ueusumk s`tumt`des.

Sjdpkj rmrjky fdkkdw rukjs dr estruat`des prja`sjky. gjy nd sd fdr rjmsdes men e wmys tgmthmbj sjesj td tgjh o`vje tgj`r a`rauhstmeajs, bedwkjnoj, men odmks. >7

_g`kj pdkà`js men QDSs mrj prjsarìjn iy m adhpmey td sjt iduenmr`js fdr smfj dpjrmt`des,èn`v`numks hmy jxpjr`hjet w`tg tgj iduenmr`js e drnjr td ijadhj hdrj prdnuat`vj dr ditmèsdhj dtgjr ijejf`t. g`s jxpjr`hjetmt`de kjmns td mnmptmt`des df prdajnurjs men td m sg`ftijyden tgj prjsarìjn iduenmr`js njsarìjn e tgj QDSs, tdwmrn uesmfj prmatàjs. >0 _`tgdutètjrvjet`de, tgj adhhueàmt`de df suaajssfuk mnmptmt`des ijtwjje arjw hjhijrs w`kk tjen tdkjmn td tgj`r sprjmn tgrduogdut me drome`zmt`de.

Quag mnmptmt`des mrj uek`bjky td ij rjadoe`zjn ms njv`mt`des iy tgdsj w`tgè tgj ordupjhpkdyèo tgjh. gj mnmptmt`des skdwky ijadhj edrhmk ijgmv`dur, men tgj r`sb mssda`mtjnw`tg tgjh s uek`bjky td ij rjadoe`zjn. :3 g`s tjenjeay gms ijje njsarìjn ms tgj edrhmk`zmt`dedf njv`meaj. :=

_`tgdut rjoukmr supjrv`s`de, jnuamt`de, men jefdrajhjet df tgj jxpjatjn iduenmr`js,èn`v`numks mrj k`bjky td adetèuj td mnmpt prdajnurjs men aut adrejrs uet`k tgj matumk uesmfjiduenmry s fduen tgrduog tgj daaurrjeaj df m hèdr dr hmldr maa`njet.

^g`s evjstòmt`de njet`f jn hmey estmeajs wgjrj tgj FMI6:63 fkògt arjw njv`mtjn frdhQDSs. @evjstòmtdrs adenuatjn struaturjn ètjrv`jws w`tg 0 AP\F-imsjn F`rst M`r I?1? p`kdts tdnjtjrhèj wgjtgjr tgj njv`mt`des frdh QDSs jxtjenjn ijyden tgj arjw df FMI6:63.^gj fdkkdwèo sjat`des njsarìj bjy njv`mt`des iy FMI6:63 arjw frdh tgj adhpmey‐s dpjrmtèopg`kdsdpgy, pdkà`js, dr agjabk`st prdajnurjs. Qdhj sjat`des w`kk eakunj m n`sauss`de df I?1?arjw prmatàjs. Mnn`t`demk jxmhpkjs df arjw prmatàjs mrj njsarìjn e Mppjen`x V. Mhpk`f`jn

agjabk`sts fdr vmr`dus pgmsjs df fkògt mrj kdamtjn e Mppjen`x Z.

=.=?.9.9 Aru`sj

=.=?.9.9.= Mpprdmag ir`jfèo

Mpprdmag ir`jfèos mrj edrhmkky adenuatjn iy tgj p`kdt fkyèo (SF) ijfdrj njsajet, ms pmrt df tgjprj-njsajet agjab. gj SEF‐s hde`tdrèo nut`js, stmenmrn amkkduts men tdkjrmeajs, ms wjkk msstmenmrn nja`s`de gjògt amkkduts, sgdukn ij adef`rhjn iy tgj SF ijfdrj tgj SF‐s f`rst mpprdmagdf tgj nmy. Quisjqujet SF mpprdmag ir`jfèos hmy ij miirjv`mtjn td eakunj tgj `tjhs k`stjnijkdw, fdkkdwjn iy m stmtjhjet tgmt stmenmrn adhpmey amkks mppky men m qujry ms td wgjtgjrtgjrj mrj mey qujst`des. gj fdkkdwèo efdrhmt`de sgdukn ij eakunjn e tgj mpprdmag ir`jfèo<

>7 Q. Njbbjr, ^gj F`jkn Ou`nj td Zenjrstmenèo Guhme Jrrdr ( Msgomtj Suik`sgèo< 9336)

>0 L. Ymshussje, ‛Y`sb hmemojhjet è m nyemhà sda`jty< m hdnjkèo prdikjh ,‘ Qmfjty Qa`jeaj, Vdkuhj9?, @ssuj 9/1 (=00?), =71∙9=1, pmoj =0?

:3 Q. Njbbjr, Nr`ft @etd Fm`kurj (Msgomtj Suik`sgèo< 93==), pmoj ===

:= N. Vmuoge, ^gj Agmkkjeojr Kmueag Nja`s`de< Y`sby ^jagedkdoy, Aukturj, men Njv`meaj mt EMQM (Ze`vjrs`ty df Agàmod Srjss< =00?)



- >: -

• ^gj mpprdmag agmrt emhj men jffjat`vj nmtj2

• ^gj etjenjn emv-m`n adefòurmt de tgrduog tgj mpprdmag men h`ssjn mpprdmag2

• Hè`huh (tjhpjrmturj-adrrjatjn) mkt`tunjs mt jmag pdèt df tgj mpprdmag2

• Nja`s`de gjògt2 men

• Dtgjr tjhs ms mpprdpr`mtj, jspja`mkky wgje dpjrmtèo etd me uefmh`k`mr m`rpdrt (j.o.,ruewmy dffsjt, n`spkmajn tgrjsgdkn, ueusumk mpprdmag kògtèo systjh, dr dtgjrpjrtèjet èfdrhmt`de tgmt hògt èfkujeaj tgj mpprdmag dr kmenèo).

@etjrv`jws rjvjmkjn tgmt p`kdts‐ prmatàj wms td adenuat tgj mpprdmag ir`jfèo ijfdrj tdp dfnjsajet, ms wms tgj amsj w`tg FMI6:63. g`s prmatàj wms è maadrnmeaj w`tg tgj MDH.Gdwjvjr, ir`jfèos wjrj adhhdeky miirjv`mtjn wgje fkyèo w`tg fmh`k`mr arjw hjhijrs,nurèo oddn wjmtgjr, men wgje fkyèo tgj smhj mpprdmag fdr tgj sjaden dr tg`rn t`hj nurèotgj nmy.

^gj amptmè df FMI6:63 adenuatjn tgj mpprdmag ir`jfèo mt =6=?<==. gj spjjns ir`jfjn wjrj

=19 (VYJF),:9

=1? (VYJF + :), men =>? (VYJF + =:). Qjj Mppjen`x V fdr m njsar`pt`de df tgjsjspjjns. ^gj ir`jfèo wms èadhpkjtj, ms `t n`n edt èakunj tgj mpprdmag agmrt emhj dr nmtj, tgjètjenjn emv-m`n adefòurmt`de, dr hè`huh mkt`tunjs dtgjr tgme tgj nja`s`de gjògt. Dtgjrèfdrhmt`de pjrtèjet td tgj ètjenjn mpprdmag men kmenèo wms sby aden`t`de, v`sì`k`ty, mentgj tm`kwèn, iut edej df tgjsj `tjhs wjrj èakunjn è tgj mpprdmag ir`jfèo. @t `s pdssìkj tgmttgj p`kdts n`saussjn sdhj dr mkk df tgjsj `tjhs jmrk`jr è tgj fkògt ijfdrj tgj AVY rjadrnèoijome.

=.=?.9.9.9 Njsajet pkmeeèo

_gje mpprdmagèo njstèmt`de, tgj arjw gmvj td adef`rh tgj tdp-df-njsajet (^DN) pdèt imsjnde aurrjet aden`t`des. De tgj I?1?, m agmrt td mss`st e pjrfdrhèo tg`s amkaukmt`de s bjpt de tgj

okmrjsg`jkn men s rjmn`ky mvm`kmikj td fkògt arjws mt mkk t`hjs. :1 ^gj èvjstòmt`de usjn tgj F`rst M`r I?1?-933 Sjrfdrhmeaj ]uàb Yjfjrjeaj Gmeniddb agmrt td amkaukmtj m ^DN, imsjn de tgjfdkkdwèo èfdrhmt`de<

• Aru`sj FK1=3,

• Njsajet mt nkj tgrust,

• Qpjjn df 3.?3 Hmag/973 bedts midvj =3 333 fjjt /9:3 bedts ijkdw =3 333 fjjt (uppjr kjftdf agmrt),

• Qtrmògt-è mpprdmag,

• ^rmes`t`de td ojmr ndwe,

• Kmen fkmp mt dutjr hmrbjr,

:9 VYJF rjfjrs td tgj mpprdmag rjfjrjeaj spjjn.

:1 ^gj agmrt èakunjs m adrrjat`de fmatdr fdr jmag =3 bedts df wèn2 mt FK1=3, tgj adrrjat`de fmatdr s 9.7emutàmk h`kjs (F`rst M`r I?1?-933 Sjrfdrhmeaj ]uàb Yjfjrjeaj Gmeniddb).



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• Dpjrmt`demk fkògt pkme (DFS) kmenèo wjògt df =3: 333 pduens,

• DFS tm`kwèn adhpdejet mt ^DN df 61 bedts.

Imsjn de tgj n`stmeaj-td-tduagndwe agmrt, tgj ^DN è amkh wèn aden`t`des wdukn gmvj ijje=33 eh. Gdwjvjr, ades`njrèo m tm`kwèn adhpdejet df 61 bedts, me jxtrm =? h`kjs (9.7 eh x 6 8=6.7) ejjns td ij mnnjn, rjsuktèo è m ^DN df ==? eh frdh tduagndwe mt APYI. ^gj DFSprdv`njn m adhputjr-amkaukmtjn DN pdèt fdr FMI6:63 df ==? eh frdh tduagndwe mt APYI.

Mt =6=?<>=, w`tg tgj m`rarmft midut =:3 eh frdh tduagndwe mt APYI, tgj FD pdètjn dut td tgjamptmè tgmt tgj`r orduen spjjn wms gòg. _g`kj t adukn edt ij njtjrhèjn jxmatky wgmtèfdrhmt`de tgj arjw usjn td amkaukmtj tgj DN, mt =6=?<>>, tgj amptmè enàmtjn tgmt gjpkmeejn td adhhjeaj njsajet mt =3: eh frdh APYI.

=.=?.9.1 Kmenèo nmtm amrn men m`rspjjn iuo sjttèos

^gj kmenèo nmtm amrn (Mppjen`x V) `s usjn td sjt men vjr`fy kmenèo nmtm. @t `s edrhmkkyadhpkjtjn iy tgj SEF ijfdrj tgj edrhmk prj-njsajet prdajnurjs. Edrhmkky, tgj SEF w`kk

rjv`jw tgj kmenèo nmtm amrn èfdrhmt`de mftjr tgj m`rspjjn iuos mrj sjt men ijfdrj tgjmpprdmag ir`jfèo.

^gj kmenèo nmtm amrn fdr FMI6:63 wms edt rjadvjrjn. Gdwjvjr, mt =6=?<==.0, tgj amptmèadenuatjn tgj mpprdmag ir`jfèo, eakunèo mpprdmag spjjns, men mt =69><>3, idtg p`kdtsrjfjrrjn td tgj m`rspjjn iuo sjttèo nurèo tgj prj-njsajet agjab. gjsj jvjets enàmtj tgmt tgjkmenèo nmtm amrn gmn k`bjky ijje prjpmrjn iy tgj FD.

=.=?.9.> Srj-njsajet

Mhpk`f`jn agjabk`st prdajnurjs mrj sgdwe e Mppjen`x Z. @e maadrnmeaj w`tg tgj MDH :>, tgj

prj-njsajet agjabk`st, èakunèo m puikà mnnrjss (SM) meedueajhjet td tgj pmssjeojrs, sgmkk ijmaadhpk`sgjn ijfdrj e`t`mtèo fèmk njsajet.

^gj amptmè adenuatjn tgj mpprdmag ir`jfèo mt =6=?<==. gj FD hmnj m pmssjeojr SMmeedueajhjet mt =69=<36. Ms n`saussjn midvj, tgj kmenèo nmtm amrn wms k`bjky adhpkjtjn.

^gj prj-njsajet same/fkdw s e`t`mtjn iy tgj SF amkkèo fdr tgj prj-njsajet agjabk`st, men tgjdeky mat`de `tjh `s fdr tgj SEF td ènàmtj stmtus agmeoj w`tg 9 amiè ag`hjs. ^wd amiè ag`hjsdaaurrjn mt =69><1=, enàmtèo td tgj amiè arjw m agmeoj e m`rarmft stmtus.

Nurèo tgj prj-njsajet agjab, mt =69><1? men =69><10 rjspjat`vjky, tgj amptmè men FD

adef`rhjn tgmt tgj VYJF iuos wjrj sjt fdr =19 bedts. @e mnn`t`de td tgj V YJF iuo, jmag p`kdtsgdukn mksd gmvj sjt m iuo td =1? (VMSS, dr mpprdmag spjjn RVYJFX adrrjatjn fdr wèn) menmedtgjr iuo td =>? (VYJF + =:).

:> F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==), SGMQJ df FK@OG^

OZ@NJK@EJQ, pmoj 31.93.?



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FMI6:63 adhhjeajn njsajet mt =691<>3. gj FMI6:63 p`kdts jxjautjn tgj prj-njsajet agjabk`stijoèeèo mt =69><9?. gj adhpmss pdrt`de df tg`s agjabk`st daaurrjn frdh =69><10.: td =69:<=1.?.Nurèo tg`s jxagmeoj, tgj p`kdts vjr`f`jn tgmt tgj adhpmssjs wjrj e NO hdnj. Mt =69><>>, tgjamptmè stmtjn, ‛… twjety-eèj truj‘, men mt =69:<3>, tgj FD stmtjn, ‛… zjrd tgrjj zjrd.‘

Mt =69:<=>, tgj FD amkkjn tgj prj-njsajet agjab adhpkjtj.

=.=?.9.: Njsajet

=.=?.9.:.= Njsajet tjage`qujs

^gj edrhmk njsajet frdh aru`sj `s e m akjme adefòurmt`de. Qpjjnirmbjs hmy ij jxtjenjn tdèarjmsj tgj njsajet rmtj dr td rjnuaj spjjn. ^gjrj wms ed rjadrnjn èfdrhmt`de td ènàmtjwgjtgjr tgj amptmè df FMI6:63 usjn tgj spjjnirmbj nurèo njsajet. Mktgduog edt spja`f`jn etgj MDH, tgjrj mrj dtgjr hjmes df mnlustèo m njsajet prdf`kj, suag ms earjmsèo tgj n`stmeajfkdwe iy tureèo td m w`njr ètjrajpt meokj dr ndèo m 163³ ture.

=.=?.9.:.9 @e-rmeoj agjab

Mhpk`f`jn agjabk`st prdajnurjs mrj sgdwe e Mppjen`x Z. gj amptmè df FMI6:63 amkkjn fdrtgj è-rmeoj agjabk`st mt =619<>6. ^gj FD amkkjn men rjspdenjn td tgj f`rst > `tjhs. ^gjrj wms edhjet`de df tgj mux`k`mry pdwjr ue`t (MSZ). Mt =611<30, tgj amptmè estruatjn tgj FD td gdkn tgjrjhmèèo tjhs de tgj agjabk`st uet`k kmtjr e tgj mpprdmag. gj FD n`n edt stmtj, ‛@e-rmeojagjabk`st adhpkjtj ndwe td tgj kèj.‘

Mt =616<91, tgj amptmè èstruatjn tgj FD td prdajjn w`tg tgj `tjhs ijkdw tgj nmsgjn kèj. Idtgp`kdts rjspdenjn td tgj EMV sw`tagjs agmkkjeoj (FD stmtjn ‛EMV estruhjets‘) w`tg ‛VGFEMV‘, men td tgj mkt`hjtjrs, estruhjets, men rmn`ds agmkkjeoj w`tg ‛^wd-eèjr-jògt-dejèagjs sjt, ardss-agjabjn.‘ gj FD tgje hjet`dejn tgj YI ENI frjqujeay (1:3 b`kdgjrtz), m

rjqu`rjhjet td bjjp tgj NHJ, men mnv`sjn tgj amptmè tgmt tgj mkt`tunj mkjrtjr :: adukn ij sjt td9933 (9:-eh-sjatdr hè`huh smfj mkt`tunj). gj amptmè omvj me mff`rhmt`vj rjspdesj. gj VGFEMV rmn`ds wjrj edt hjet`dejn. Mt =61?<33, tgj FD amkkjn tgj e-rmeoj agjabk`st adhpkjtj.

=.=?.9.6 ^rmes`t`de td fèmk mpprdmag

Zsj df tgj fkògt n`rjatdr s rjadhhjenjn wgjejvjr de me èstruhjet kmenèo systjh (@KQ)mpprdmag. Maadrnèo td F`rst M`r mhpk`f`jn agjabk`st prdajnurjs, tgj mutdp`kdt men fkògtn`rjatdr, wgje usjn, sgdukn ij sjt ms fdkkdws< :6

@KQ< Mrh MZ^D MSS men stjjr m`rarmft usèo GNO QJK men MK^ GDKN msrjqu`rjn. Hde`tdr MSN meeuea`mtdr fdr mpprdpr`mtj Mrhjn/Ampturj

@enàmt`des.

:: ^gj mkt`tunj mkjrtjr adhpmrjs tgj mkt`tunj sjkjatjn de tgj mkt`tunj mkjrt adetrdkkjr w`tg tgj mkt`tunjsgdwe è tgj amptmè‐s mkt`hjtjr. @t prdv`njs murmk men v`sumk mkjrts td tgj p`kdts =333 fjjt ijfdrj men9:3 fjjt mftjr tgj sjkjatjn mkt`tunj.

:6 F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==), Mutdp`kdt/FkògtN`rjatdr Zsmoj (QS??), pmojs 31.63.13∙31.63.1=



- >7 -

AMZ^@DE< @F MIDVJ ^GJ OK@NJ QKDSJ, ND ED^ ZQJ MS HME OQ.@EQ^JMN ZQJ A_Q ^D AMS^ZYJ.

Edtj< @f Ok`nj Qkdpj sòemks mrj jrrmtà, usj KDA hdnj de tgj Mutdp`kdt deky.VDY/KDA (Frdet Adursj)< Mrh VDY/KDA men stjjr m`rarmft usèo GNO QJK

men MK^ GDKN ms rjqu`rjn. Hde`tdr MSN meeuea`mtdr fdr mpprdpr`mtjMrhjn/Ampturj @enàmt`des.

Fòurj 6 prdv`njs m ormpgàmk fkògt prdf`kj njsar`pt`de fdr @KQ mpprdmagjs, wgàg njpàtsadefòurmt`de agmeojs.

Fòurj 6. Njpàt`de df èstruhjet kmenèo systjh (@KQ) pmttjre (`hmoj< F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 R9= Luej 93==X, pmoj 31.73.1)

Vdkuhj = df tgj MDH prdv`njs ormpgàmk njpàt`des fdr mutdp`kdt dpjrmt`de è vmr`dus hdnjsmen pgmsjs df fkògt. gjrj mrj ormpgàs fdr dpjrmt`de e VDY/KDA hdnj fdr VDY emvòmt`de,

men fdr @KQ mpprdmag è MZ^D MSS hdnj, iut tgjrj `s ed ormpgà njpàtèo me @KQ mpprdmag èVDY/KDA hdnj. Mppjen`x Y prdv`njs m ^QI-prdnuajn ormpgàmk njpàt`de df mutdp`kdtdpjrmt`de fdr me @KQ mpprdmag e VDY/KDA hdnj. Mppjen`x Q prdv`njs m ^QI-prdnuajnormpgàmk njpàt`de df fkògt n`rjatdr dpjrmt`de fdr me @KQ mpprdmag e MZ^D MSS hdnj.



- >0 -

Mt =6=:<9>, ijfdrj adhhjeaèo tgj njsajet, tgj amptmè gmn mnv`sjn tgj FD tgmt gj pkmeejn tdusj YEMV td emvòmtj td tgj kdamk`zjr men tgje sw`tag frdh OSQ td VGF EMV. :? Gdwjvjr,nurèo tgj jxjaut`de df tgj e-rmeoj agjabk`st, tgj arjw stmtjhjets enàmtj tgmt tgjy sjkjatjnVGF EMV è prjpmrmt`de fdr ètjrajptèo tgj @KQ kdamk`zjr fdr Yuewmy 1:^. ^gjrj wms edrjadrnjn n`sauss`de ijtwjje tgj p`kdts rjomrnèo mutdp`kdt men fkògt n`rjatdr hdnj sjkjat`desmen agmeojs, edr wms tg`s rjqu`rjn mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet.

Dtgjr p`kdts wjrj msbjn gdw tgjy wdukn adenuat tg`s trmes`t`de frdh je rdutj td fèmkmpprdmag. gj etjrv`jws rjvjmkjn 9 hjtgdns fdr tgj trmes`t`de.

^gj f`rst hjtgdn wms ms njsarìjn è tgj MDH men njpàtjn è Mppjenàjs Y men Q. S`kdtsusèo tg`s hjtgdn è`t`mkky bjpt tgj OSQ adupkjn td tgj mutdp`kdt è HME hdnj. ^gje tgj p`kdtswdukn sw`tag td VGF EMV, sjkjat tgj mutdp`kdt hdnj td VDY/KDA, men hmètmè tgj ètjrajptgjmnèo uet`k tgj mutdp`kdt ampturjn tgj kdamk`zjr men turejn eiduen de fèmk mpprdmag. gjpds`t`de mt wgàg p`kdts hmnj tgj sw`tag td VGF EMV vmr`jn frdh = td =3 h`kjs imab frdhHZQM^.

^gj sjaden hjtgdn wms td bjjp tgj OSQ adupkjn td tgj mutdp`kdt è HME hdnj w`tg tgjmppkàmikj mrjm emvòmt`de (YEMV) mpprdmag kdmnjn, men mkkdw tgj OSQ/mutdp`kdt td hmbj tgjture detd fèmk mpprdmag. Deaj jstmik`sgjn eiduen de fèmk mpprdmag, tgj p`kdts wdukn sjkjatVGF EMV men mutdp`kdt VDY/KDA hdnj, men tgje mkkdw tgj mutdp`kdt td trmab tgj kdamk`zjrèiduen. Adhpmey hmemojhjet stmtjn td èvjstòmtdrs tgmt tg`s wms edt me maajptmikj hjtgdn,men sdhj p`kdts enàmtjn tgmt tgjy n`sadurmojn usj df tg`s hjtgdn. S`kdt etjrv`jws rjvjmkjntgmt usèo tg`s hjtgdn wdukn sdhjt`hjs rjsukt e e`t`mt`de df tgj kmenèo agjab ijfdrjadhpkjt`de df tgj e-rmeoj agjab, ijamusj tgj è-rmeoj agjab wms ijèo gjkn uet`k tgj EMVsw`tagjs adukn ij agmeojn frdh OSQ td VGF.

_g`kj tgj adhpmey‐s I?1? s`hukmtdr trmèèo eakunjs etjrajpt prdajnurjs fdr adupkjn @KQ

mpprdmagjs, tgj s`hukmtdr `s edt jqu`ppjn w`tg OSQ dr FHQ (fkògt hmemojhjet systjh).^gjrjfdrj, trmèèo p`kdts wjrj uek`bjky td njet`fy tgmt tg`s ede-stmenmrn prmatàj wms eadhhde usmoj. Mnn`t`demkky, p`kdts ètjrv`jwjn rjpdrtjn tgmt tgjy wdukn edt usj tg`s hjtgdnnurèo trmèèo men p`kdt prdfà`jeay agjabs.

S`kdts enàmtjn tgmt tgjy wdukn usj tgj fkògt n`rjatdr MZ^D MSS hdnj, iut prjfjrrjn td mvd`nusj df tgj mutdp`kdt MZ^D MSS hdnj, ijamusj tgj mutdp`kdt tjenjn td dvjrsgddt tgj ok`njskdpjnurèo ampturj. g`s dvjrsgddt wdukn rjsukt è n`hè`sgèo dsa`kkmt`des midvj men ijkdw tgjok`njskdpj ms tgj mutdp`kdt ormnumkky maqu`rjn tgj ajetrj df tgj ijmh. gj`r prmatàj wms td usjtgj mutdp`kdt è VDY/KDA hdnj td trmab tgj kdamk`zjr, men td usj A_Q p`tag èputs td ampturjmen hmètmè tgj ok`njskdpj.

:? ^gj amptmè‐s hjet`de df YEMV hpk`js tgj usj df tgj ^r`hikj ÊK-7=33 OSQ èstmkkjn è A-OE_E.Furtgjr n`sauss`de w`kk rjfjr td OSQ.



- :3 -

=.=?.9.? @e`t`mk mpprdmag

^gj SF adhhmens adefòurmt`de agmeojs, men tgj arjw hjhijr hmbèo tgj sjkjat`de hde`tdrstgj ènàmt`des men mnv`sjs tgj SF wgje tgj m`rarmft `s è tgj adhhmenjn adefòurmt`de dr `f tgjsystjh ndjs edt dpjrmtj edrhmkky.

Mt =61?<9:, tgj amptmè amkkjn fdr fkmps =. ^gj FD ènàmtjn tgmt tgj sjkjat`de gmn ijje hmnj,men mt =61?<>3, adef`rhjn tgmt fkmps = wjrj sjt men tgj kjmnèo-jnoj njvàj orjje kògt wms`kkuhèmtjn.

=.=?.9.?.= Kmenèo agjabk`st (è`t`mk)

Mhpk`f`jn agjabk`st prdajnurjs mrj sgdwe e Mppjen`x Z. gj kmenèo agjabk`st smaadhpk`sgjn e 9 pgmsjs (è`t`mk men fèmk). ^gj kmenèo (è`t`mk) same/fkdw s e`t`mtjn wgjefkmp : `s sjkjatjn (dr tureèo imsj kjo dr jstmik`sgjn =: h`kjs fèmk, wgàgjvjr `s tgj hdstmpprdpr`mtj). Mat`de tjhs mrj jxjautjn iy tgj SEF men amptmè ms fdkkdws< :7

SEF<

Qtmtus Agmeoj ..................................................................................................... 9 Ag`hjsJeoèj Qtmrt Qw`tagjs .................................................................................................. DE Sds`t`de tgj Jeoèj Qtmrt Qw`tagjs td ..................................................... KD_ @OE

Yjamkk ...................................................................................................................... AGJAB Srjss men rjkjmsj tgj meeuea`mtdr pmejk. Vjr`fy ed kògts rjhmè `kkuhèmtjn

wgje tgj meeuea`mtdr s rjkjmsjn.

Amptmè<Qpjjnirmbj .............................................................................. MYHJN, OYJJE K@OG^

Mt =61?<>9, tgj amptmè amkkjn fdr fkmps : men tgj kmenèo agjabk`st. ^gj FD stmtjn tgmt fkmps :gmn ijje sjkjatjn men è`t`mtjn tgj kmenèo agjab. gj e`t`mk kmenèo same/fkdw wms adenuatjnadeaurrjetky w`tg tgj agjabk`st. ^wd amiè ag`hjs wjrj rjadrnjn mt =61?<:1, men tgj f`rst 1`tjhs de tgj kmenèo agjabk`st wjrj amkkjn dut iy tgj FD men vjr`f`jn iy tgj amptmè. ^gj FDstmtjn tgmt tgj agjabk`st wms adhpkjtj td tgj ojmr men fkmps mt =617<3:. ^gj FD n`n edt vjrimkkymnv`sj tgmt tgj fkmps wjrj è tgj sjkjatjn pds`t`de.

Ms n`saussjn è sjat`de =.=?.=.9, tgj MDH prdv`njs ou`nmeaj fdr pmusèo m agjabk`st mt tgjn`rjat`de df tgj amptmè. Qpja`f`jn pgrmsjdkdoy fdr tgj amptmè s ‛Gdkn tgj agjabk`st mt (tgj`tjh)‘ td e`t`mtj tgj pmusj, men ‛Adetèuj tgj agjabk`st‘ td rjè`t`mtj tgj agjabk`st w`tg tgj tjhmt wgàg t wms gjkn. gj pmusj e tgj FMI6:63 kmenèo agjabk`st wms edt e`t`mtjn iy tgjamptmè ms spja`f`jn è tgj MDH, men tgj stmenmrn pgrmsjdkdoy wms edt usjn.

S`kdt etjrv`jws rjvjmkjn tgmt tgj kmenèo agjab wms frjqujetky gjkn ijtwjje tgj spjjnirmbj`tjh men tgj kmenèo ojmr uet`k tgj SF amkkjn fdr tgj ojmr, ms n`rjatjn è tgj pgmsj-df-fkògt

:7 F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==), KMEN@EO (@e`t`mk)QAME/FKD_, pmojs 31.63.6∙31.63.?



- := -

ou`njkèjs. Gdwjvjr, tgjrj wms ed nmsgjn kèj de tgj kmenèo agjabk`st2 tgjrjfdrj, mey pmusj etgj agjabk`st sgdukn gmvj ijje e`t`mtjn iy tgj amptmè usèo tgj stmenmrn pgrmsjdkdoynjsarìjn midvj. S`kdt etjrv`jws rjvjmkjn tgmt prmatàjs wjrj akdsjr td tgj nmsgjn-kèjagjabk`st-gdkn prdajnurj (`.j., e-rmeoj agjabk`st) tgme tgj mn gda agjabk`st pmusj prdajnurj.^g`s efdrhmt`de s enàmt`vj df me mnmptmt`de tgmt gmn ijadhj m edrh.

=.=?.9.?.9 @e`t`mk kdamk`zjr men ok`njskdpj ènàmt`des

^gj MDH :0 njsarìjs stmenmrn amkkduts td njet`fy e`t`mk hdvjhjet df kdamk`zjr men ok`njskdpjadabp`t enàmtdrs. Mt tgj f`rst ewmrn hdt`de df tgj kdamk`zjr enàmtdr dr f`rst pds`t`vj hdt`de dftgj ok`njskdpj enàmtdr, tgj SEF s rjqu`rjn td amkk dut ‛Kdamk`zjr mk`vj‘ men ‛Ok`njskdpj mk`vj‘,rjspjat`vjky. Ed rjspdesj frdh tgj SF `s rjqu`rjn. gj FD amkkjn kdamk`zjr mk`vj mt =617<93, menok`njskdpj mk`vj mt =617<9:.

=.=?.9.?.1 Kmenèo agjabk`st (Fèmk)

^gj MDH njsarìjs tgj kmenèo (fèmk) same/fkdw, wgàg s è`t`mtjn wgje tgj kmenèo ojmr ssjkjatjn ND_E. Mat`de `tjhs mrj jxjautjn iy tgj SEF ms fdkkdws< 63

Ojmr ...................................................................................................... ND_E, 1 OYJJEFKMSQ ................................................................................................. =:, OYJJE K@OG^

^gj amptmè amkkjn fdr ojmr ndwe mt =617<17, men fkmps =: mt =617<>9. ^gj FD amkkjn ojmr ndwe, 1orjje mt =617<>7. ^gj FD amkkjn fkmps =:, orjje kògt mt =617<::. ^gj FD n`n edt amkk tgj kmenèoagjabk`st adhpkjtj, k`bjky ijamusj fèmk kmenèo fkmp gmn edt yjt ijje sjkjatjn.

=.=?.9.7 Fèmk mpprdmag

=.=?.9.7.= @e`t`mk njv`mt`de frdh kdamk`zjr

^gj MDH 6= njsarìjs stmenmrn amkkduts men tdkjrmeajs df vmr`dus pgmsjs df fkògt. De mpprdmag,tgj SEF s rjqu`rjn td amkk dut ‛Kdamk`zjr‘ wgjejvjr tgj kdamk`zjr adursj njv`mt`de s e jxajssdf = ndt frdh tgj ajetrj. ^gj SF rjspdesj `s ‛Adrrjatèo.‘

Mt =610<=1, tgj FD hmnj m stmtjhjet rjomrnèo m`rarmft kmtjrmk n`spkmajhjet frdh tgj njs`rjntrmab. Gj n`n edt usj tgj spja`f`jn pgrmsj enàmtjn midvj. ^gj amptmè mabedwkjnojn, iut n`nedt usj tgj wdrn ‛Adrrjatèo.‘ FNY nmtm sgdw tgmt tgjrj wjrj ed adetrdk eputs hmnj mt tg`st`hj. ^gj m`rarmft wms midut =¸ ndts rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrj mt tg`s t`hj. 69

Ijtwjje =610<=6 men =610<13, tgj FD hmnj > furtgjr stmtjhjets rjomrnèo trmab n`spkmajhjet.^gj wdrn kdamk`zjr wms edt usjn è mey df tgjsj stmtjhjets. FNY men rmnmr nmtm sgdw tgmt, mt

:0 @i`n., Q^MENMYN AMKKDZ^Q & ^DKJYMEAJQ, pmoj 31.19.=

63 @i`n., KMEN@EO (Fèmk) QAME/FKD_, pmoj 31.63.?

6= @i`n., Q^MENMYN AMKKDZ^Q & ^DKJYMEAJQ, pmoj 31.19.>

69 M`rarmft pds t`de rjkmt`vj td tgj kdamk`zjr s imsjn de rmnmr pds`t`de df tgj m rarmft supjr`hpdsjn dvjrtgj amkaukmtjn kdamk`zjr ijmh w`ntg.



- :9 -

=610<91, tgj m`rarmft wms 9 ndts rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr men =¸ ndts midvj tgj ok`njskdpj. 61 Mt=610<9>.9, tgj FD stmtjn, ‛Edw wj‐rj tgrduog t.‘

Mt =610<11 men =610<16, tgj amptmè hmnj 9 stmtjhjets tgmt suoojst tgmt gj wms smt`sf`jn tgmt tgjmutdp`kdt wms trmabèo prdpjrky, iut n`n edt usj tgj wdrn ‛adrrjatèo‘ e j`tgjr df g`sstmtjhjets. Adèa`njet w`tg tgj sjaden stmtjhjet, m adetrdk wgjjk hdvjhjet td tgj kjft

daaurrjn. gj hdvjhjet pjmbjn mt =3³ wgjjk-kjft, men tgje agmeojn n`rjat`de td tgj rògt,tgrduog tgj ejutrmk pds`t`de td 6³ wgjjk-rògt. gjsj hdvjhjets mrj ades`stjet w`tg hmeumkadetrdk wgjjk stjjrèo (A_Q) rdkk eputs iy tgj SF.

@etjrv`jws rjvjmkjn tgmt F`rst M`r I?1? p`kdts wjrj mwmrj df tgj stmenmrn amkkduts fdr kdamk`zjradursj njv`mt`de è jxajss df = ndt frdh tgj ajetrj.

=.=?.9.7.9 Fukk njfkjat`de df kdamk`zjr

Ojejrmk prdajnurmk ou`nmeaj fdr èstruhjet fkyèo e Amemnm 6> stmtjs tgmt, nurèo @KQmpprdmagjs, m h`ssjn mpprdmag hust ij è`t`mtjn f fukk-samkj njfkjat`de df tgj kdamk`zjr daaurs mt

mey t`hj de fèmk mpprdmag ijfdrj nja`s`de gjògt.

^g`s ou`nmeaj s jhpgms`zjn nurèo imsàèstruhjet fkyèo trmèèo. Ej`tgjr tgj FDH edr tgj MDH spja`f`js m amkkdut fdr fukk njfkjat`dedf tgj kdamk`zjr.

Mt =6>3<3?, tgj FD hmnj m stmtjhjet pgrmsjn ms m qujst`de midut fukk kdamk`zjr njfkjat`de. Dvjrtgj ejxt 96 sjadens, tgj p`kdts n`saussjn m`rarmft pds`t`de rjkmt`vj td tgj kdamk`zjr, iut n`n edtè`t`mtj m h`ssjn mpprdmag. Mt =6>3<13, tgj FD suoojstjn td tgj amptmè tgmt tgjy mimende tgjmpprdmag, iut n`n edt usj tgj pgrmsj ‛od-mrduen‘ dr ‛h`ssjn mpprdmag.‘ Mt =6>3<11, tgjamptmè stmtjn tgmt gj etjenjn td adetèuj tgj mpprdmag.

_gje msbjn wgjtgjr m od-mrduen wms rjqu`rjn w`tg fukk-samkj njfkjat`de df tgj kdamk`zjr, mkkp`kdts etjrv`jwjn stmtjn tgmt tg`s aden`t`de rjqu`rjn m od-mrduen. Gdwjvjr, mkk p`kdtsètjrv`jwjn morjjn tgmt me FD adukn edt adhhmen m od-mrduen, men adukn edt sjj me FDtmbèo adetrdk frdh tgj amptmè. ^gjy stmtjn tgmt tgj FD wdukn k`bjky hmbj m suoojst`de drejodt`mtj w`tg tgj amptmè rjomrnèo tgj ejjn fdr mat`de.

=.=?.9.7.1 M`rspjjn men fèmk mpprdmag f`x amkkduts

^gj MDH 6: spja`f`js tdkjrmeajs men m stmenmrn amkkdut fdr m`rspjjns de mpprdmag ijfdrj tgjfèmk mpprdmag f`x (FMF). ^gj SEF `s rjqu`rjn td amkk dut ‛M`rspjjn‘ `f tgj m`rspjjn `s è jxajssdf +=3 dr ∙: bedts df tgj hè`huh m`rspjjn (VMSS), men tgj SF rjspdesj s ‛Adrrjatèo.‘

Frdh tgj t`hj wgje FMI6:63 rdkkjn dut df tgj ture detd fèmk (=610<3:) uet`k pmssèo mijmh tgj

FMF (=6>3<93), tgj m`rspjjn rmeojn ijtwjje =67 men =?1 bedts enàmtjn m`rspjjn (B@MQ)2 tg`s

61 M`rarmft pds t`de rjkmt`vj td tgj ok`njskdpj s imsjn de rmnmr pds`t`de df tgj m rarmft men fkògt nmtmrjadrnjr (FNY) imrd-mkt`hjtjr supjr`hpdsjn dvjr tgj amkaukmtjn ok`njskdpj ijmh.

6> ^rmespdrt Amemnm, ^S 93?6 ‑ @estruhjet Srdajnurjs Hmeumk (>tg jn`t`de, Lmeumry 9333), sjat`de >.6.?

6: F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==), Q^MENMYN

AMKKDZ^Q & ^DKJYMEAJQ, pmoj 31.19.>



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m`rspjjn wms 13 bedts orjmtjr tgme VMSS. Mt ed t`hj nurèo tg`s pjr`dn n`n j`tgjr p`kdt hjet`detgj m`rspjjn.

^gj MDH 66 spja`f`js m stmenmrn amkkdut td ij hmnj iy tgj SEF mt tgj FMF èiduen. ^gj SEF `srjqu`rjn td amkk dut ‛Fèmk mpprdmag f`x, TTTTT fjjt (mkt`tunj), mkt`hjtjr men estruhjets ardss-agjab ed fkmos.‘

FMI6:63 pmssjn mijmh tgj FMF (SDBME) mt midut =6>3<93. ^gj FD n`n edt hmbj mey rjfjrjeajtd tgj FMF dr tgj rjqu`rjn mkt`hjtjr men èstruhjet stmtus mt tg`s dr mey dtgjr t`hj.

Deaj ès`nj tgj FMF, tgj SEF `s rjqu`rjn td amkk dut ‛Iuo ½ TTTT (spjjn n`ffjrjeaj)‘ `f tgjm`rspjjn `s è jxajss df ½: bedts df tgj hè`huh m`rspjjn (VMSS), men tgj SF rjspdesj `s‛Adrrjatèo.‘

Frdh tgj t`hj wgje FMI6:63 pmssjn mijmh tgj FMF (=6>3<93) uet`k hpmat, tgj m`rspjjn rmeojnijtwjje =?7 men =16 B@MQ (VMSS +>= td ∙= bedts). Mt ed t`hj nurèo tg`s pjr`dn n`n j`tgjr p`kdthjet`de tgj m`rspjjn.

=.=?.9.7.> Zestmikj mpprdmag

@e 93=9, tgjrj wjrj 9>.> h`kk`de njpmrturjs fdr m wdrknw`nj fkjjt df a`v`k-dpjrmtjn, adhhjra`mk,wjstjre-iu`kt ljt m`rpkmejs gjmv`jr tgme 63 333 pduens hmx`huh ordss wjògt. 6? Me mrtàkj è MjrdQmfjty _drkn 67 stmtjn tgmt, wg`kj deky 1.:% td >% df mpprdmagjs mrj uestmikj, 0?% dfuestmikj mpprdmagjs mrj adetèujn td m kmenèo, w`tg deky 1% rjsuktèo è m od-mrduen.

Yjsjmrag gms sgdwe tgmt uestmikj mpprdmagjs prjsjet gògjr r`sb td smfj fkògt dpjrmt`des. 60 Adesjqujetky, hmey m`r trmespdrt dpjrmtdrs eadrpdrmtj stmi`k`zjn mpprdmag pdkà`js menprdajnurjs w`tgè tgj`r dpjrmt`des. g`s eadrpdrmt`de s ètjenjn td ij me mnhè`strmt`vjnjfjeaj momèst sjvjrmk ejomt`vj dutadhjs, suag ms ruewmy dvjrrues men adetrdkkjn fkògt etdtjrrmè (AF@^).

Ms tg`s men dtgjr daaurrjeajs ?3,?=,?9,?1 sgdw, sdhj df tgjsj uestmikj mpprdmagjs adetrìutj tdkmenèo sgdrt df tgj ruewmy, ruewmy dvjrrues, AF@^, men tm`k str`bjs. ^gjsj dutadhjs w`kkpjr`dnàmkky rjsukt e amtmstrdpgà maa`njets w`tg hukt`pkj fmtmk`t`js.

66 @i`n., Q^MENMYN AMKKDZ^Q, pmoj 31.19.=

6? Qtmt`stàmk Quhhmry df Adhhjra`mk Ljt M`rpkmej Maa`njets< _drknw`nj Dpjrmt`des =0:0‑93=9, IdjèoAdhhjra`mk M`rpkmejs (Muoust 93=1)

67 Fkògt Qmfjty Fduenmt`de, ‛Fm`kurj td H`tòmtj,‘ MjrdQmfjty _drkn (Fjirumry 93=1)

60 Fkògt Qmfjty Fduenmt`de, Fkògt Qmfjty Fduenmt`de Mpprdmag men Kmenèo Maa`njet Yjnuat`de (FQFMKMY), Ir`jfèo Edtj ?.=< Qtmi`k`zjn Mpprdmag, Fkògt Qmfjty Nòjst (Muoust∙Edvjhijr 9333)

?3 ^QI mv`mt`de èvjstòmt`de rjpdrts M=9_333>, M=9]3=6=, M37D3111, M37D331:, M3?_333:,M3>D3=77, men M33G333>

?= Hmeomkdrj, @en`m, 99 Hmy 93=3, I?1?-733 (Yuewmy dvjrrue, m`rarmft njstrdyjn, =6? fmtmk`t`js),Odvjrehjet df @en`m, Hè`stry df A`v`k Mv`mt`de èvjstòmt`de rjpdrt (1= Datdijr 93=3)

?9 Frmebfurt, Ojrhmey, 3= Hmrag 933:, JYL=?3 (Kmenèo sgdrt df ruewmy, hèdr m`rarmft nmhmoj, edèlur`js), IFZ Ojrhmey rjpdrt JW33=-3/3: (Mpr`k 933?)



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^gj FDH sjat`de 7.=1 njsarìjs tgj adhpmey‐s pdkày rjomrnèo stmi`k`zjn mpprdmag ar`tjr`m,men akjmrky stmtjs tgmt m od-mrduen s rjqu`rjn e tgj jvjet df me uestmikj mpprdmag. Qjat`de 7.=1rjmns ms fdkkdws< ?>

Mkk mpprdmagjs sgmkk ij stmi`k`zjn iy =,333 fjjt MFJ ?: è èstruhjethjtjdrdkdoàmk aden`t`des (@HA) men iy :33 fjjt MFJ e v`sumk hjtjdrdkdo amkaden`t`des (VHA).

Me mpprdmag s ades`njrjn stmi`k`zjn wgje tgj fdkkdwèo ar`tjr`m mrj hjt menhmètmèjn<

=. ^gj m`rarmft `s de tgj adrrjat fkògt pmtg2

9. Deky shmkk agmeojs e gjmnèo men p`tag mrj rjqu`rjn td hmètmè tgj adrrjatfkògt pmtg2

1. ^gj m`rpkmej spjjn `s edt hdrj tgme VYJF + 93 bedts ènàmtjn m`rspjjn menedt kjss tgme VYJF2

>. ^gj m`rpkmej s e tgj adrrjat kmenèo adefòurmt`de2

:. Qèb rmtj `s ed orjmtjr tgme =,333 fph2 ?6 `f me mpprdmag rjqu`rjs m sèb rmtjorjmtjr tgme =,333 fph, m spja`mk ir`jfèo sgmkk ij adenuatjn. Qtjjp QkdpjMpprdmag od-mrduen ar`tjr`m w`kk ij spja`fàmkky njfèjn e tgj m`rarmftQtmenmrn Dpjrmtèo Srdajnurjs2

6. ^grust sjttèo hust ij midvj fkògt nkj men mpprdpr`mtj fdr tgj m`rpkmejadefòurmt`de2

?. @KQ mpprdmagjs sgmkk ij fkdwe w`tgè dej ndt df tgj ok`nj skdpj men kdamk`zjr,dr w`tgè tgj jxpmenjn kdamk`zjr samkj2

7. Nurèo m a`rakèo mpprdmag, wèos sgdukn ij kjvjk de fèmk wgje tgj m`rarmft

rjmagjs 133 fjjt midvj m`rpdrt jkjvmt`de2 men

0. Mkk ir`jfèos men agjabk`sts gmvj ijje adenuatjn.

Ze`quj mpprdmag prdajnurjs dr miedrhmk aden`t`des rjqu`rèo m njv`mt`de frdhtgj midvj jkjhjets df m stmi`k`zjn mpprdmag rjqu`rj m spja`mk ir`jfèo.

Me mpprdmag tgmt ijadhjs uestmikj ijkdw =,333 fjjt MFJ è @HA dr ijkdw :33fjjt MFJ e VHA rjqu`rjs me hhjn`mtj od-mrduen.

?1 Qme Frmea`sad, Amk`fdre`m, 36 Luky 93=1, I??? (^m`kstr`bj, m`rarmft njstrdyjn, 13? de idmrn, 1 fmtmk`t`js,hukt`pkj sjr`dus elur`js), ZQ Emt`demk ^rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn (E^QI) Hjn`m Ir`jfèos (3?∙==

Luky 93=1)

?> F`rst M`r Fkògt Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk (FDH), Mhjenhjet ed. 9 (== Hmy 93==), sjat`de 7.=1< Qtmi`k`zjnMpprdmag Ar`tjr`m, pmojs 7-=1 td 7-=>

?: Midvj f`jkn jkjvmt`de Rfddtedtj mnnjnX

?6 Fjjt pjr hèutj Rfddtedtj mnnjnX



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Mt =33 fjjt GM^ ?? fdr mkk v`sumk mpprdmagjs, tgj m`rpkmej hust ij pds`t`dejn sdtgj fkògt njab s w`tgè, men trmabèo td rjhmè w`tgè, tgj kmtjrmk adefèjs df tgjruewmy jnojs jxtjenjn.

Ms tgj m`rpkmej ardssjs tgj ruewmy tgrjsgdkn t sgmkk ij<

=. Qtmi`k`zjn de tmrojt m`rspjjn td w`tgè +=3 bedts uet`k mrrjstèo njsajet rmtj

mt fkmrj29. De m stmi`k`zjn fkògt pmtg usèo edrhmk hmejuvjrèo2 men

1. Sds`t`dejn td hmbj m edrhmk kmenèo è tgj tduagndwe zdej.

@e`t`mtj m od-mrduen `f mey df tgj prjajnèo ar`tjr`m ameedt ij hjt.

^gj adhpmey wms mwmrj tgmt ts stmi`k`zjn mpprdmag pdkày gmn edt yjt ijje hpkjhjetjn w`tgprdajnurjs spja`fà td m`rarmft typj. De =0 Hmy 93=3, tgj adhpmey stmenmrns adhh`ttjjprdpdsjn stmenmrn amkks td ij usjn td `hpkjhjet tgj pdkày. Gdwjvjr, mt tgj t`hj df tgjmaa`njet, tgj MDH n`n edt eakunj stmenmrn amkks fdr me uestmikj mpprdmag.

^gj MDH Vdkuhj =, pmoj 31.63.1=, n`saussjs kmenèo prdajnurjs ms fdkkdws< ?7

Fdr m edrhmk mpprdmag, tgj kmenèo adefòurmt`de (ojmr ndwe men kmenèo fkmps)`s jstmik`sgjn jmrky de fèmk mpprdmag. Qjkjat`de df kmenèo fkmp hust ij hmnjpr`dr td =333' MOK. Qtmi`k`zj m`rarmft de spjjn men prdf`kj w`tg m`rpkmej è tr`hiy =333' MOK.

Mt =6>3<>=, tgj FD stmtjn, ‛_j‐rj 1 h`kj fèmk2 wj‐rj edt adefòojn.‘ Mt tg`s t`hj, tgj m`rarmftwms midut 033 fjjt midvj tgj tduagndwe zdej jkjvmt`de (Mppjen`x A), men tgj fdkkdwèopmrmhjtjrs jxajjnjn tgj stmikj mpprdmag ar`tjr`m<

• @e jxajss df 9 ndts njv`mt`de frdh kdamk`zjr2

• Qòe`fàmet agmeojs e gjmnèo men p`tag rjqu`rjn td adrrjat td prdpjr fkògt pmtg2

• M`rspjjn df =?6 B@MQ, VYJF + >> bedts2

• M`rarmft edt adefòurjn fdr kmenèo2

• Kmenèo agjabk`st edt adhpkjtj.

Mt =6>3<>:, tgj amptmè rjspdenjn w`tg tgj f`rst df sjvjrmk èstruat`des td tgj FD td hmbj tgjrjhmèèo fkmp sjkjat`des fdr kmenèo. @etjrh`xjn w`tg tgj fkmp adefòurmt`de amkks wjrj sjvjrmkfurtgjr jxagmeojs ijtwjje tgj p`kdts rjomrnèo m`rarmft pds`t`de. Ed od-mrduen wms è`t`mtjn,men tgj mpprdmag wms adetèujn.

^gj MDH Vdkuhj =, pmoj 31.93.=, ?0 stmtjs tgmt fèmk kmenèo ojmr men fkmp pds`t`de sgmkk mkwmysij adef`rhjn iy tgj amptmè. g`s rjqu`rjhjet s jhidn`jn e tgj kmenèo agjabk`st njsarìjn e

?? Gjògt midvj tgrjsgdkn Rfddtedtj mnnjnX

?7 F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==), KMEN@EO

SYDAJNZYJ, pmoj 31.63.1=



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Mppjen`x Z, wgjrjè idtg tgj SF men SEF hust rjspden td tgj fèmk ojmr men fkmp agmkkjeojs.Mt =6>=<37, tgj amptmè amkkjn fdr fkmps >3. ^gj FD‐s rjspdesj adef`rhjn tgmt tgj ojmr wms ndwe,iut n`n edt hjet`de tgj fkmp pds`t`de. ^gj FD n`n edt hmbj j`tgjr df tgj fèmk kmenèo agjabk`stojmr dr fkmp agmkkjeojs, men tgj amptmè‐s rjspdesj rjkmtjn deky td tgj fkmp >3 pds`t`de men n`nedt eakunj adef`rhmt`de df tgj ojmr. gj FD n`n edt amkk tgj kmenèo agjabk`st adhpkjtj.

Mkk p`kdts ètjrv`jwjn wjrj mwmrj df tgj adhpmey‐s stmikj mpprdmag pdkày men tgmt m od-mrduen wms rjqu`rjn `f uestmikj ijkdw =333 fjjt, iut edt mkk adukn stmtj tgj ar`tjr`m. Qdhj p`kdtswjrj uesurj wgjtgjr m QDS njsarìèo mat`de td tmbj è tgj jvjet df me uestmikj mpprdmagjx`stjn. _gje msbjn gdw, ms SEF, tgjy wdukn e`t`mtj m od-mrduen wgje uestmikj ijkdw =333fjjt, p`kdt rjspdesjs vmr`jn< sdhj p`kdts tddb up td 03 sjadens td rjspden2 dtgjrs rjpdrtjn tgmttgjy wdukn amkk dut, ‛Zestmikj mpprdmag, od-mrduen‘, men dej p`kdt enàmtjn tgmt, ms m kmstrjsdrt, gj wdukn tmbj adetrdk men fky tgj od-mrduen g`hsjkf.

=.=?.9.7.: Qtmenmrn m`rarmft stmtj amkkduts ès`nj tgj fèmk mpprdmag f`x

^gj MDH Vdkuhj =, pmoj 31.19.>, spja`f`js stmenmrn amkkduts td ij usjn iy tgj p`kdts deaj

ès`nj tgj FMF (^mikj 0).^mikj 0. Qtmenmrn m`rarmft stmtj amkkduts men tdkjrmeajs ès`nj tgj fèmk mpprdmag f`x 73

^DKJYMEAJQ/Q@^ZM^@DE SEF AMKKDZ^ SF/SEF YJQSDEQJ

OK@NJQKDSJ @E JWAJQQ DF = ND^ ‛OK@NJQKDSJ‘ ‛ADYYJA^@EO‘

YM^J DF NJQAJE^ @E JWAJQQ DF =933 FSH ‛Q@EB YM^J‘ ‛ADYYJA^@EO‘

S@ÂG MEOKJ MSSYDMAG@EO ½ :³ DFQ^MI@K@\JN S@ÂG M^^@^ZNJ

‛S@ÂG‘ AMZ^@DE< IJ MKJY^ ^D_@ENQGJMY @EN@AM^@DEQ

‛ADYYJA^@EO‘

^GYZQ^ KJQQ ^GME =.= JSY M^ MK^@^ZNJKJQQ ^GME =333' MOK

‛^GYZQ^‘ ‛ADYYJA^@EO‘

ED^J< _gje spja`fà a`rauhstmeajs rjqu`rj m`rarmft dpjrmt`de duts`nj df tgj midvj tdkjrmeajs,

tgj SF sgdukn mnv`sj tgj SEF df g`s dr gjr ètjet`des men tgj spja`fà rjmsde fdr ndèo sd.

Frdh =6>3<:3 td `hpmat, tgj m`rarmft wms è jxajss df = ndt midvj tgj ok`njskdpj. Nurèo tg`spjr`dn, tgj ok`njskdpj wms hjet`dejn deky deaj, mt =6>=<96, wgje tgj amptmè adhhjetjn detgj prjsjeaj df tgj ok`njskdpj ènàmtdr. Mt =6>=<97, tgj FD rjspdenjn tgmt `t wms fukkynjfkjatjn. gj spja`f`jn ‛Ok`njskdpj‘ men ‛Adrrjatèo‘ amkkduts wjrj edt usjn.

Â prdv`njs ojejrmk prdajnurmk ou`nmeaj fdr estruhjet fkyèo. Ou`nmeaj fdr @KQ mpprdmagjsstmtjs tgmt ‛R`Xf tgj m`rarmft `s èiduen de tgj kdamk`zjr midvj tgj ok`nj pmtg tgj p`kdt hust usjjxtrjhj amut`de,‘ ijamusj df me jxajss`vj rmtj df njsajet ejjnjn td rjomè tgj ok`nj pmtg. 7=

^gj rmtj df njsajet wms rjkmt`vjky stmikj mt midut ?33 fjjt pjr hèutj (fph) frdh =6>3<93 uet`k=6>3<>7. Mt tg`s t`hj, tgj rmtj df njsajet njarjmsjn, stmi`k`zèo mt midut 933 fph uet`k =6>=<=6. Mttg`s t`hj, tgj rmtj df njsajet earjmsjn, jxajjnèo =933 fph frdh =6>=<>9 uet`k =6>=<>7. Frdh

?0 @i`n., EDYHMK AGJABK@Q^ SGYMQJDKDOP, pmoj 31.93.=

73 @i`n., jxajrpt rjprdnuajn frdh Q^MENMYN AMKKDZ^Q & ^DKJYMEAJQ tmikj, pmoj 31.19.>

7= ^rmespdrt Amemnm, ^S 93?6 ∙ @estruhjet Srdajnurjs Hmeumk (>tg jn`t`de, Lmeumry 9333), sjat`de >.6.?



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tg`s t`hj uet`k hpmat mt =6>=<:=.7, tgj rmtj df njsajet njarjmsjn. Mt ed pdèt nurèo tgj pjr`dnwgje tgj rmtj df njsajet jxajjnjn =933 fph n`n j`tgjr p`kdt hjet`de `t.

Mt =6>=<=7, tgj p`tag meokj ijome njarjmsèo frdh +9³, rjmagèo ∙>.7³ mt =6>=<>9. Ej`tgjr p`kdtadhhjetjn de tg`s p`tag agmeoj.

Mt =6>3<>0, tgj m`rarmft wms ijkdw =333 fjjt mok, men tgrust de idtg jeoèjs gmn ijje rjnuajnijkdw =.= jeoèj prjssurj rmt`d (JSY). gj kjft jeoèj tgrust earjmsjn midvj =.= JSY mt =6>3<:0,men tgj rògt jeoèj tgrust n`n sd mt =6>=<36. Ej`tgjr p`kdt adhhjetjn de tgj kdw tgrust sjttèo.

^gj MDH Vdkuhj =, pmoj 31.19.=, 79 spja`f`js stmenmrn pgrmsjdkdoy td ij usjn iy tgj SEF tdènàmtj prdx`h`ty td nja`s`de gjògt de me @KQ mpprdmag. Mt =33 fjjt midvj nja`s`de gjògt, tgjSEF s rjqu`rjn td amkk dut ‛=33 fjjt td hè`huhs.‘ FMI6:63 rjmagjn =33 fjjt midvj nja`s`degjògt mt =6>=<>7. ^gj FD n`n edt hmbj mey stmtjhjet rjomrnèo gjògt midvj nja`s`de gjògt.

=.=?.9.0 Od-mrduen

=.=?.9.0.= Qtmenmrn amkkduts men od-mrduen prdajnurj

^gj MDH Vdkuhj =, pmoj 31.19.=, 71 spja`f`js tgmt tgj SEF `s rjqu`rjn td hmbj m amkkdut mtnja`s`de gjògt de me @KQ mpprdmag `njet`fyèo tgmt tgj m`rarmft gms rjmagjn tgj hè`huhmkt`tunj men njsarìèo wgjtgjr tgj ruewmy s e sògt. gj stmenmrn amkkduts mrj ‛Hè`huhs,ruewmy è sògt‘ dr ‛Hè`huhs, ed adetmat.‘ ^gj stmenmrn rjspdesj iy tgj SF `s ‛Kmenèo‘ dr,`f ed v`sumk adetmat `s jstmik`sgjn, ‛Od-mrduen tgrust, fkmp TTTT.‘ 7>

^g`s stmenmrn amkkdut iy tgj SEF prdv`njs èfdrhmt`de td tgj SF rjomrnèo m`rarmft pds`t`de menv`sumk rjfjrjeaj stmtus. Fdkkdwèo tgj SEF amkkdut, tgj SF tgje hmbjs m nja`s`de wgjtgjr tdadetèuj tgj mpprdmag dr e`t`mtj m od-mrduen.

^gj MDH Vdkuhj = njsarìjs tgj od-mrduen prdajnurj fdr m`rarmft jqu`ppjn w`tg tgj QS??mutdp`kdt de pmoj 31.63.1:, ms rjprdnuajn è Fòurj ?.

79 F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==), Q^MENMYN

AMKKDZ^Q, pmoj 31.19.=

71 @i`n.

7> Fkmp td rjqu`rjn h`ssjn mpprdmag pds`t`de



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Fòurj ?. F`rst M`r I?1? od-mrduen prdajnurj Rrjprdnuajn frdh<F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk

,Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==), OD-MYDZEN SYDAJNZYJ (QS??), pmoj 31.63.1:X

^gj prdajnurj è Fòurj ? spja`f`js m amkkdut iy tgj SF td è`t`mtj tgj od-mrduen. ^g`s amkkdut,‛Od-mrduen, fkmps =:‘, n`ffjrs frdh tgj stmenmrn amkkdut spja`f`jn de pmoj 31.19.=.

Ej`tgjr df tgjsj pdrt`des df tgj MDH prdv`nj fdr tgj SEF td hmbj m od-mrduen amkk.

=.=?.9.0.9 Ed-fmukt od-mrduen pdkày

Qjat`de 7.=9 df tgj FDH njsarìjs tgj adhpmey‐s pdkày ou`nmeaj rjomrnèo ‛ed-fmukt‘ od-mrduen (ijkdw). 7: ^gj pdkày wms `hpkjhjetjn ijfdrj 9337.

@e drnjr td jegmeaj smfjty men td rjnuaj tgj r`sb df mpprdmag men kmenèomaa`njets, F`rst M`r hmètmès m ‛Ed Fmukt‘ od-mrduen pdkày.

7: F`rst M`r Fkògt Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk (FDH), Mhjenhjet ed. 9 (== Hmy 93==), sjat`de 7.=9< Ed Fmukt Od-Mrduen Sdkày, pmoj 7-=1



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@e mnn`t`de td tgj rjqu`rjhjet td pjrfdrh m od-mrduen, e tgj jvjet tgmt mempprdmag s edt stmi`k`zjn, m p`kdt hmy adenuat m od-mrduen fdr mey rjmsde (`.j.kmab df mnjqumtj v`sumk rjfjrjeajs, wjmtgjr aden`t`des edt su`tmikj, adefkàtèotrmffà, men kdss df adetmat w`tg MÂ) w`tgdut fjmr df n`sa`pkèmry mat`de frdh tgjAdhpmey.

=.=?.9.0.1 F`rst M`r orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo systjh pdkày

Qjat`de 9.99.: df tgj FDH 76 stmtjs, ‛Qpja`fà prdajnurjs td ij fdkkdwjn è tgj jvjet df meèstruhjet fkògt rukjs (@FY) è-fkògt mat`vmt`de df OS_Q/^M_Q 7? mrj adetmèjn è tgjmppkàmikj MDH.‘

^gj MDH Vdkuhj =, pmoj 3>.933.1=, spja`f`js m prdajnurj td ij usjn fdr tjrrmè mvd`nmeaj. ^gjprdajnurj spja`f`js tgmt mat`vmt`de df tgj ‛pukk up‘ wmreèo, dr dtgjr s`tumt`des rjsuktèo euemaajptmikj fkògt tdwmrn tjrrmè, mrj rjomrnjn ms prjsjetèo m pdtjet`mk fdr tjrrmè adetmat.^gj njsar`pt`de df tgj tjrrmè mvd`nmeaj prdajnurj s rjprdnuajn e Fòurj 7.

*Hmx`huh tgrust `s njfèjn ms hmx`huh ajrt`f`jn tgrust.

Fòurj 7. jrrmè mvd`nmeaj prdajnurj (rjprdnuajn frdh< F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =,Mhjenhjet ed. 91 R9= Luej 93==X, pmoj 3>.933.1=)

=.=?.9.0.> FMI6:63 orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo systjh mkjrts men od-mrduen è`t`mt`de

^gj FMI6:63 arjw n`n edt e`t`mtj m od-mrduen mt j`tgjr tgj pdèt df fukk kdamk`zjr njfkjat`de drmt 1 h`kjs wgje tgj FD ènàmtjn tgmt tgjy wjrj edt adefòurjn (è me uestmikj mpprdmag). Mt=6>=<>?.?, tgj OS_Q prdv`njn me murmk ‛sèb rmtj‘ mkjrt. Mt =6>=<>0.3, tgj FD stmtjn, ‛Od fdr t.‘

76 @i`n., sjat`de 9.99.:< Orduen Srdx`h`ty _mreèo Qystjh/^M_Q, pmoj 9-::

7? ^M_Q rjfjrs td tjrrmè mwmrjejss men wmreèo systjh Rfddtedtj mnnjnX.



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Mt =6>=<>0.9, tgj OS_Q stmrtjn td `ssuj me murmk ‛hè`huhs…hè`huhs‘ mkjrt. Ijtwjje tgj 9‛hè`huhs‘ (=6>=<:3.=), tgj FD stmtjn, ‛Od mrduen.‘ Mt =6>=<:=.9, tgj amptmè stmtjn, ‛Od-mrduen tgrust.‘ gj amptmè n`n edt hjet`de fkmp sjkjat`de e g`s od-mrduen stmtjhjet. Mt=6>=<:=.7, FMI6:63 adkk`njn w`tg tjrrmè.

=.=?.1 F`rst M`r smfjty hmemojhjet systjh smfjty dvjrsògt prdajssjs

=.=?.1.= Kèj rjpdrts

Qjat`de 0.6 df tgj FDH njsarìjs kèj rjpdrts. gj kèj rjpdrt `s sjet td tgj p`kdt-è-adhhmen(S@A) mt tgj stmrt df jmag nuty pjr`dn, mkdeo w`tg tgj DFS. ^gj kèj rjpdrt `s tgj pr`hmry hjtgdndf prdv`nèo fjjnimab frdh fkògt dpjrmt`des sd ms td dutkèj prdikjhs. gj kèj rjpdrt hust ijadhpkjtjn mftjr jmag fkògt. ^gj adetjets df tgj kèj rjpdrt mrj rjmn iy fkògt dpjrmt`desmnhè`strmt`de men tgj ag`jf p`kdt. Mey prdikjhs spja`f`jn mrj fdkkdwjn up rjomrnkjss df tgjnjpmrthjet evdkvjn. Zpde adhpkjt`de df mey nuty pjr`dn, tgj S@A s rjspdesìkj fdr fmxèo tgjadhpkjtjn kèj rjpdrt td fkògt n`spmtag ms sdde ms pdssìkj.

Mhdeo dtgjr `tjhs td ij èakunjn de tgj kèj rjpdrt `s m tgdrduog njsar`pt`de df mey ede-edrhmk dpjrmt`demk jvjets.

=.=?.1.9 M`r smfjty rjpdrts

Qjat`de 0.? df tgj FDH n`saussjs m`r smfjty rjpdrts. Me m`r smfjty rjpdrt hust ij adhpkjtjnwgje mey df tgj rjqu`rjhjets de tgj imab df tgj fdrh mrj hjt. ^gj S@A `s rjspdesìkj fdrfdrwmrnèo m`r smfjty rjpdrts td n`spmtag v`m tgj hdst jxpjn`t`dus hjmes pdssìkj.

=.=?.1.1 Zerjpdrtjn ea`njets

=.=?.1.1.= Ojejrmk

^gj evjstòmt`de rjvjmkjn 9 prjv`dus ea`njets evdkvèo AP\F-imsjn F`rst M`r I?1? arjws tgmtgmn s`h`kmr`t`js td tg`s daaurrjeaj. Qjj ijkdw fdr furtgjr njtm`ks midut tgj 9 ea`njets. Ej`tgjr dftgjsj ea`njets wms rjpdrtjn td tgj adhpmey, men adhpmey hmemojrs wjrj uemwmrj tgmt tgjèa`njets gmn daaurrjn. gj èvjstòmt`de jxmhèjn tgj F`rst M`r smfjty hmemojhjet systjh(QHQ) prdajssjs fdr etjremk rjpdrtèo df gmzmrns, ea`njets, men maa`njets td njtjrhèjwgjtgjr tgj nmtm adkkjatjn wjrj ijèo trmabjn men usjn td mnvmeaj smfjty df tgj dpjrmt`de.

=.=?.1.1.9 @ea`njet dej

@e tgj wjjbs ijfdrj tgj APYI maa`njet, m F`rst M`r I?1? fkògt arjw jxpjr`jeajn prdikjhs w`tgemvòmt`demk èstruhjets wg`kj adenuatèo me mpprdmag è èstruhjet hjtjdrdkdoàmkaden`t`des (@HA) mt medtgjr m`rpdrt e Euemvut. _g`kj tgjsj jvjets daaurrjn de m n`ffjrjetm`rarmft tgme tgj dej evdkvjn e tgj APYI maa`njet, tgj amptmè df FMI6:63 wms mksd tgj amptmèèvdkvjn è tg`s èa`njet.

^gj fkògt arjw pkmeejn me YEMV mpprdmag td tgj m`rpdrt. Mt tgj t`hj, `t wms wèny menrmèèo, men tgj sby wms dvjramst mt mpprdx`hmtjky 633 fjjt mok. gj amptmè wms tgj SF. Ijamusjtgj m`rpdrt s w`tgè tgj ENM, fkògt dpjrmt`des hust ij adenuatjn w`tg rjfjrjeaj td truj edrtg.



- 6= -

Ijfdrj njsajet, tgj arjw sw`tagjn tgj adhpmssjs frdh hmoejtà td NO è prjpmrmt`de fdr tgjmpprdmag.

Hmoejtà vmr`mt`de mt tgj m`rpdrt wms 19³ jmst. _g`kj tgj adhpmssjs wjrj sw`tagjn td NO, tadukn edt ij adef`rhjn wgjtgjr tgj adhpmssjs wjrj sjt td tgj truj gjmnèo. ^gj gjmnèo wmsedt rjmnlustjn mt =3 333 fjjt.

Nurèo tgj fèmk pgmsj df tgj mpprdmag, tgj mutdp`kdt wms adupkjn td tgj FHQ men wmsfdkkdwèo tgj fèmk mpprdmag trmab. gj gdr`zdetmk s`tumt`de enàmtdr (GQ@) adursj pdètjr,wgàg gmn ijje sjt fdr tgj fèmk mpprdmag trmab, wms edt prdpjrky kèjn up w`tg tgj n`rjat`de dffkògt. _g`kj jstmik`sgjn de fèmk, tgj gjmnèo wms mpprdx`hmtjky 13³ dff tgj ruewmy gjmnèo,rjsuktèo e tgj adursj pdètjr pdètèo mpprdx`hmtjky 13³ td tgj kjft. Ms tgj m`rarmft njsajenjnijkdw tgj akdun kmyjr, m ture wms è`t`mtjn td kèj up w`tg tgj adursj pdètjr. Mt tgmt t`hj, w`tgtgj m`rarmft mpprdx`hmtjky =.: eh frdh tgj ruewmy tgrjsgdkn, v`sumk rjfjrjeaj w`tg tgj ruewmywms maqu`rjn, men tgj ture wms stdppjn.

^gj mpprdmag wms adetèujn, men me uejvjetfuk kmenèo fdkkdwjn. g`s jvjet wms edt rjpdrtjn

td tgj adhpmey v`m m amptmè‐s kèj rjpdrt, me m`r smfjty rjpdrt, dr m gmzmrn daaurrjeajèvjstòmt`de rjpdrt.

=.=?.1.1.1 @ea`njet twd

Jmrk`jr è tgj suhhjr df 93==, nurèo m agmrtjr fkògt è Euemvut, medtgjr F`rst M`r I?1? arjwmksd jxpjr`jeajn prdikjhs w`tg emvòmt`demk estruhjets wg`kj adenuatèo me mpprdmag e@HA. ^gjsj jvjets daaurrjn de A-OE_E, mktgduog ej`tgjr p`kdt frdh FMI6:63 wms èvdkvjn.

De mrr`vmk mt njstèmt`de, tgjrj wms m akdun kmyjr imsjn mt mpprdx`hmtjky 933∙133 fjjt mok,rjqu`rèo tgj arjw td adenuat me @FY mpprdmag. Ijamusj tgj m`rpdrt s kdamtjn e tgj QdutgjreNdhjstà M`rspmaj, fkògt dpjrmt`des hust ij adenuatjn w`tg rjfjrjeaj td hmoejtà edrtg. Mtsdhj pdèt ijfdrj mrr`vmk, tgj adhpmssjs wjrj sw`tagjn frdh NO td hmoejtà.

^gj fkògt rjaj`vjn m`r trmffà adetrdk (MÂ) rmnmr vjatdrs fdr me @KQ/NHJ mpprdmag. ^gjm`rarmft wms ijèo fkdwe usèo tgj mutdp`kdt. Gdwjvjr, tgj m`rarmft fkjw tgrduog tgj kdamk`zjr,men tgj mutdp`kdt n`n edt ampturj tgj kdamk`zjr. ^gj arjw hmeumkky fkjw tgj m`rarmft imab td tgjkdamk`zjr, iut ijamhj adeajrejn wgje emvòmt`demk estruhjet enàmt`des n`n edt sjjh tdhmbj sjesj. _g`kj tgj m`rarmft wms jstmik`sgjn de tgj kdamk`zjr, tgj ijmrèo td tgj ENI sjjhjntd ij dff iy =3³ td =:³, o`vèo tgj mppjmrmeaj tgmt tgj fkògt wms jxpjr`jeaèo m strdeoardsswèn.

Dtgjr tgme tgj mutdp`kdt edt ampturèo tgj kdamk`zjr, tgj arjw n`n edt edtàj mey enàmt`de df

hmkfueat`des, suag ms adhpmrmtdr kògts. Gdwjvjr, mt mpprdx`hmtjky 1 h`kjs frdh tgj ruewmytgrjsgdkn, m h`ssjn mpprdmag wms adenuatjn nuj td tgj emvòmt`demk estruhjet enàmt`des.Deaj mt m smfj mkt`tunj, tgj arjw agjabjn tgj adhpmssjs men njtjrhèjn tgmt tgjy wjrj skògtkydff. gjy tgduogt tgmt tg`s n`sarjpmeay hògt gmvj pkmyjn m rdkj e tgj fm`kurj df tgj mutdp`kdt tdètjrajpt tgj kdamk`zjr. gj arjw rjmkòejn tgj adhpmssjs usèo m OSQ ijmrèo td me ENI, menmksd adef`rhjn tgmt tgj emvòmt`demk rjaj`vjrs wjrj sjt up prdpjrky.



- 69 -

^gj arjw tgje fkjw m sjaden @KQ/NHJ mpprdmag men kmenjn w`tgdut furtgjr ea`njet.Mktgduog tgj arjw tgduogt tgmt tgj adhpmssjs wjrj m k`ttkj skdw e syeagrde`zèo mftjrsjkjat`de df hmoejtà hdnj, tgjy wjrj edt njjhjn iy tgj arjw td ij uesjrvàjmikj. ^gjrjfdrj,tgj arjw n`n edt rjadrn m njfjat fdr tgj adhpmssjs e tgj ldurejy kdo. Mnn`t`demkky, mktgduog mod-mrduen s m hmenmtdry rjpdrtmikj daaurrjeaj, ed hjet`de df tgj ea`njet wms hmnj de tgjamptmè‐s kèj rjpdrt fdr tgj nmy, men ed m`r smfjty rjpdrt dr gmzmrn daaurrjeaj èvjstòmt de

rjpdrt wms suih`ttjn. M sjmrag df tgj A AMNDYQ (A`v`k Mv`mt`de Nm`ky Daaurrjeaj YjpdrtèoQystjh) adukn edt `njet`fy tgj daaurrjeaj.

Gdwjvjr, tgj ea`njet fkògt wms n`saussjn w`tg tgj amptmè df FMI6:63. @ea`njet wd wmshjet`dejn iy tgj FMI6:63 amptmè sgdrtky ijfdrj hpmat.

=.=?.1.1.> F`rst M`r smfjty hmemojhjet systjh `hpkjhjetmt`de men dpjrmt`de

F`rst M`r dpjrmtjs uenjr Quipmrt ?3: 77 df tgj AMY, men wms rjqu`rjn td gmvj me QHQ sèaj1= Hmy 933:, wgje tgj mppkàmikj rjoukmt`de 70 amhj ètd fdraj. @hpkjhjetmt`de df me QHQ tmbjsme jxtjenjn pjr`dn. K`bj mkk Quipmrt ?3: dpjrmtdrs, F`rst M`r dpjrmtjn uenjr m rjoukmtdry

jxjhpt`de pjrh`ttèo m >-pgmsj hpkjhjetmt`de df tgj QHQ jxtjenèo dvjr 1 yjmrs.

De adhpkjt`de df pgmsj > df QHQ hpkjhjetmt`de mt F`rst M`r, A adenuatjn me mssjsshjet dftgj QHQ e Qjptjhijr 9330. gj diljat`vj df tg`s mssjsshjet wms td vjr`fy tgmt tgj drome`zmt degmn jffjat`vjky hpkjhjetjn ts QHQ. gj sadpj df tgj mssjsshjet eakunjn mkk QHQ prdajssjsmen mssda`mtjn mat`v`t`js adenuatjn uenjr tgj mutgdr`ty df tgj adhpmey‐s m`r dpjrmtdr ajrt`fàmtjmen m`r hmètjemeaj drome`zmt`de ajrt`fàmtj. gj mssjsshjet advjrjn tgj pjr`dn frdh Lmeumry9337 td Qjptjhijr 9330.

^mikj =3 dutkèjs tgj 6 adhpdejets df tgj QHQ frmhjwdrb men tgj`r adrrjspdenèo jkjhjets.

77 Quipmrt ?3: df tgj AMY mppk`js td m`rkèj dpjrmt`des.

70 AMY =3?.39



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^mikj =3. Adhpdejets men jkjhjets df m smfjty hmemojhjet systjh frmhjwdrb (imsjn de ^rmespdrtAmemnm RÂX smfjty hmemojhjet systjh hdnukjs)

Adhpdejet Jkjhjet

=. Qmfjty hmemojhjet pkme =.=. Qmfjty pdkày

=.9. Ede-pue`t`vj smfjty rjpdrtèo pdkày

=.1. Ydkjs, rjspdesì`k`t`js, men jhpkdyjj evdkvjhjet

=.>. Adhhueàmt`de

=.:. Qmfjty pkmeeèo, diljat`vjs, men odmks

=.6. Sjrfdrhmeaj hjmsurjhjet

=.?. Hmemojhjet rjv`jw

9. Ndauhjetmt`de 9.=. @njet`fàmt`de men hmètjemeaj df mppkàmikjrjoukmt`des

9.9. QHQ ndauhjetmt`de

9.1. Yjadrns hmemojhjet

1. Qmfjty dvjrsògt 1.=. Yjmat`vj prdajssjs

1.9. Srdmat`vj prdajssjs

1.1. @evjstòmt`de men memkys`s

1.>. Y`sb hmemojhjet

>. ^rmèèo >.=. ^rmèèo, mwmrjejss, men adhpjtjeaj

:. ]umk`ty mssurmeaj :.=. ]umk`ty mssurmeaj

6. Jhjrojeay prjpmrjnejss 6.=. Jhjrojeay prjpmrjnejss men rjspdesj

M ede-pue`t`vj smfjty rjpdrtèo pdkày (jkjhjet =.9) s me ètjormk pdrt`de df me QHQ. gjmssjsshjet njtjrhèjn tgmt tgj F`rst M`r pdkày hjt tgj hè`huh rjoukmtdry rjqu`rjhjets, mendisjrvjn tgmt jhpkdyjjs etjrv`jwjn tgrduogdut tgj drome`zmt`de uenjrstddn tgj ede-pue`t`vjhjmsurjs men wjrj adhfdrtmikj w`tg tgj pdkà`js. Hmey jhpkdyjjs stmtjn tgmt tgj rjpdrtèopdkày wms stmtjn e adhpmey prdajnurjs men s adhpkjtjky jeormèjn e nm`ky dpjrmt`des.

@e ts mssjsshjet rjpdrt nmtjn 3: Datdijr 9330, 03 Â stmtjn tgmt, nurèo tgj jmrk`jr pgmsjs dfQHQ `hpkjhjetmt`de, tgj adhpmey struookjn sdhjwgmt w`tg njsòeèo m hmemojhjet systjhtgmt wms mpprdpr`mtj td ts drome`zmt`de. gj rjpdrt adeakunjn tgmt tgj adhpmey hjt tgjprèa`pkjs df m smfjty hmemojhjet systjh wgjrjè mkk jhpkdyjjs mrj jhpdwjrjn td mat`vjkypmrtà`pmtj e tgj prdmat`vj smfjty pjrfdrhmeaj df tgj adhpmey.

^gj F`rst M`r QHQ `s ndauhjetjn è sjat`de =1 df tgj adhpmey‐s Adrpdrmtj ]umk`ty Mssurmeaj Hmeumk, wgàg njsarìjs ts qumk`ty hmemojhjet systjh, imsjn de tgj fdkkdwèo prèa`pkjs<

03 Mssjsshjet Yjpdrt, Irmnkjy M r Qjrv ajs, Yjadrns Ndauhjets @efdrhmt`de Hmemojhjet Qystjh(YN@HQ), ed. :9?3730 (3: Datdijr 9330)



- 6> -

• Austdhjr fdaus,

• Kjmnjrsg`p,

• Jhpkdyjj pmrtà`pmt`de,

• Qystjh mpprdmag td hmemojhjet,

• Srdajss dr`jetjn,• Nmtm-nr`vje nja`s`de hmbèo, men

• Adetèudus `hprdvjhjet.

=.=?.1.> @ea`njet men gmzmrn rjpdrtèo prdajss

^d hprdvj smfjty, F`rst M`r jhpkdyjjs mrj rjqu`rjn td rjpdrt mkk èa`njets men gmzmrns. 0= ^gjadhpmey mats de smfjty rjpdrts w`tg m fdaus de hprdvjhjets men `hpkjhjetmt de df adrrjat`vjmat`de rmtgjr tgme pue`t`vj mat`de.

^gj adhpmey gms > fukk-t`hj jhpkdyjjs mssòejn td tgj Qmfjty Hmemojhjet Njpmrthjet.Mnn`t`demkky, wgje rjqu`rjn, m tjageàmk evjstòmtdr s tmsbjn w`tg adenuatèo evjstòmt`destd prdv`nj tgj efdrhmt`de rjqu`rjn td e`t`mtj smfjty mat`des.

Gmzmrn efdrhmt`de ame ij suih`ttjn td tgj adhpmey e hmey n`ffjrjet fdrhs, suag ms iy<

• M`r smfjty rjpdrt,

• Gmzmrn daaurrjeaj evjstòmt`de rjpdrt, dr

• Jhm`k.

^gj imab df tgj adhpmey‐s m`r smfjty rjpdrt fdrh k`sts mkk rjpdrtmikj daaurrjeajs, sjpmrmtjn etd

9 sjat`des. ^gj f`rst sjat`de k`sts daaurrjeajs tgmt hust ij rjpdrtjn td tgj ^QI. ^gj sjadensjat`de k`sts mkk daaurrjeajs tgmt hust ij rjpdrtjn td F`rst M`r iy jhpkdyjjs. @t s edtjwdrtgytgmt m od-mrduen s k`stjn ms m hmenmtdry adhpmey-rjpdrtmikj daaurrjeaj e tgj sjaden sjat`de.Mnn`t`demkky, tgj kmst iukkjt df tgj k`st df hmenmtdry rjpdrtmikj daaurrjeajs s ms fdkkdws< ‛Meydtgjr jvjet wgjrj smfjty stmenmrns mrj sòe`fàmetky rjnuajn, dr mey jvjet wgàg hmy prdv`njusjfuk efdrhmt`de fdr tgj jegmeajhjet df fkògt smfjty.‘

Mkk smfjty rjpdrts mrj rjadrnjn e me mv`mt`de qumk`ty nmtmimsj systjh, wgàg wms puragmsjnmen èstmkkjn è h`n-93==. Adesjqujetky, tgj ejw nmtmimsj ndjs edt adetmè mkk nmtm adkkjatjnsèaj tgj ijoèeèo df tgj QHQ mt F`rst M`r.

Deaj m smfjty rjpdrt `s rjaj`vjn, me mssjsshjet `s adhpkjtjn, men m nja`s`de `s hmnj ms tdwgjtgjr me evjstòmt`de sgdukn tmbj pkmaj. gj pjrsde wgd gms suih`ttjn tgj rjpdrt s mnv`sjndf tgj nja`s`de.

0= F`rst M`r Gjmktg men Qmfjty Sdkày Qtmtjhjet, Adrpdrmtj ]umk`ty Mssurmeaj Hmeumk, Qjat`de =1,pmoj =1.=.=9



- 6: -

=.=?.> F`rst M`r hjtgdns df hde`tdrèo fkògt dpjrmt`des

F`rst M`r jhpkdys sjvjrmk hjtgdns td hde`tdr fkògt arjw pjrfdrhmeaj men mngjrjeaj tdadhpmey pdkà`js men prdajnurjs, èakunèo<

• @e`t`mk tjageàmk orduen trmèèo, wgàg prdv`njs me dppdrtue`ty td endatrèmtj p`kdtsw`tg tgj adhpmey‐s dpjrmtèo pg`kdsdpgy, pdkà`js (fkògt dpjrmt`des hmeumk RFDHX),men prdajnurjs (m`rarmft dpjrmt`des hmeumk RMDHX)2

• @e`t`mk s`hukmtdr trmèèo, iy wgàg p`kdts rjaj`vj trmèèo tgmt rjèfdrajs tgj adhpmey‐sdpjrmtèo pg`kdsdpgy, pdkà`js, men prdajnurjs2

• S`kdt prdfà`jeay agjabs, wgàg mrj pjrfdrhmeaj agjabs adenuatjn e m s`hukmtdr tdvjr`fy tgmt p`kdts gmvj hjt tgj rjqu`rjn stmenmrn men td vmk`nmtj tgj trmèèo prdajss2

• Kèj èndatrèmt`de, wgàg `s adenuatjn iy trmèèo p`kdts td jxpdsj p`kdts td tgjadhpmey‐s dpjrmt`demk jev`rdehjet men td furtgjr rjèfdraj tgj adhpmey‐s dpjrmtèopg`kdsdpgy, pdkà`js, men prdajnurjs2

• Kèj agjabs, wgàg mrj adenuatjn mt tgj adhpkjt`de df kèj endatrèmt`de td vjr`fy tgmt

p`kdts‐ pjrfdrhmeaj hjjts tgj rjqu`rjn stmenmrn2

• Yjaurrjet trmèèo, wgàg èvdkvjs meeumk orduen men s`hukmtdr rjaurrjet trmèèo tgmtprdv`njs dppdrtue`t`js td rjèfdraj tgj adhpmey‐s dpjrmtèo pg`kdsdpgy, pdkà`js, menprdajnurjs2

• Yjaurrjet p`kdt prdfà`jeay agjabs men kèj agjabs, wgàg prdv`nj medtgjr dppdrtue`tymeeumkky fdr tgj adhpmey td vjr`fy tgmt p`kdts hjjt tgj rjqu`rjn stmenmrn men td vjr`fyadhpk`meaj w`tg adhpmey pdkà`js men prdajnurjs2

• Kèj rjpdrts (sjat`de =.=?.1.=), wgàg prdv`nj adhpmey hmemojhjet w`tg m k`h`tjndppdrtue`ty td hde`tdr fkògt dpjrmt`des ms rjpdrtjn iy amptmès2 men

• Hmemojhjet fkyèo, wgàg evdkvjs adhpmey fkògt dpjrmt`des hmemojrs fkyèopjr`dnàmkky w`tg kèj p`kdts, men prdv`njs hmemojrs w`tg me dppdrtue`ty td n`rjatkydisjrvj p`kdt pjrfdrhmeaj.

=.=?.: Dtgjr hjtgdns df hde`tdrèo fkògt dpjrmt`des

=.=?.:.= Fkògt nmtm hde`tdrèo

Fògt nmtm hde`tdrèo (FNH) `s m prdormh td `hprdvj fkògt smfjty iy prdv`nèo hdrjèfdrhmt`de midut, men orjmtjr èsògt ètd, tgj tdtmk fkògt dpjrmt`des jev`rdehjet tgrduogsjkjat`vj mutdhmtjn rjadrnèo men memkys`s df diljat`vj nmtm ojejrmtjn nurèo fkògt dpjrmt`des.FNH `s mksd bedwe ms fkògt dpjrmt`demk qumk`ty mssurmeaj (FD]M) dr fkògt nmtm memkys`s.

Me FNH prdormh s etjenjn td jemikj me dpjrmtdr td njet`fy, qumet`fy, mssjss, men mnnrjssdpjrmt`demk r`sbs tgrduog n`sarjjt men medeyhdus adkkjat`de df jkjatrdeà fkògt nmtm frdhrdutèj dpjrmt`des. Srdmat`vj men ede-pue`t`vj memkys`s df tg`s nj-`njet`f`jn nmtm `s usjn td`hprdvj mv`mt`de smfjty tgrduog njvjkdphjet men upormnj df trmèèo prdormhs, pdkày, menprdajnurjs td mnnrjss tgj njet`f`jn r`sb mrjms men hjmsurj tgj rjsukts df tgjsj e`t`mt`vjs.



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FNH gms ijje hpkjhjetjn e hmey aduetr`js, men t `s w`njky rjadoe`zjn ms m adst-jffjat`vjtddk fdr hprdvèo smfjty. @e tgj ZQ men Jurdpj ‚ tgmebs td @AMD ‚ hmey amrr`jrs gmvj gmn tgjprdormh fdr yjmrs. Qdhj gjkàdptjr dpjrmtdrs gmvj `t mkrjmny, men tgj FMM gms rjadhhjenjn`t.

@e Amemnm, amrr`jrs mrj edt rjqu`rjn td gmvj me FNH prdormh. Jvje sd, hmey dpjrmtdrs

rdutèjky ndwekdmn tgj`r fkògt nmtm td adenuat FNH df edrhmk dpjrmt`des. M`r amrr`jrs w`tgFNH prdormhs gmvj usjn fkògt nmtm td `njet`fy prdikjhs suag ms uestmi`k`zjn mpprdmagjs menrusgjn mpprdmagjs2 jxajjnmeaj df fkmp k`h`t spjjns2 jxajss`vj imeb meokjs mftjr tmbj-dff2 jeoèjdvjr-tjhpjrmturj jvjets2 jxajjnmeaj df rjadhhjenjn spjjn tgrjsgdkns2 OS_Q/^M_Q2 desjtdf stmkk aden`t`des2 jxajss`vj rmtjs df rdtmt`de2 ok`nj pmtg jxaurs`des2 men vjrtàmk maajkjrmt`de. 09

Fdkkdwèo QI mv`mt`de evjstòmt`de M==_33>7, tgj Idmrn rjadhhjenjn tgmt tgj Njpmrthjetdf rmespdrt wdrb w`tg enustry td rjhdvj distmakjs td men njvjkdp rjadhhjenjn prmatàjsfdr tgj `hpkjhjetmt`de df fkògt nmtm hde`tdrèo (Yjadhhjenmt`de M=1-3=). 01

F`rst M`r gms me FNH prdormh wgàg adhhjeajn dpjrmt`des e 93=3. Gdwjvjr, tgj adhpmey

jxpjr`jeajn prdikjhs w`tg nmtm qumk`ty men w`tg ditmèèo rjpdrts frdh tgj adetrmatjn sjrvàjprdv`njr, men tjrhèmtjn ts adetrmat e 93==. Mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet, tgj adhpmey‐s FNHprdormh wms uenjrodèo m trmes`t`de td m ejw sjrvàj prdv`njr, men nmtm memkys`s wms edtijèo adenuatjn. Nurèo tgj trmes`t`de, nmtm ndwekdmns adetèujn w`tg tgj ètjet df gmvèo tgjnmtm mvm`kmikj fdr usj wgje tgj ejw systjh wms è pkmaj.

=.=?.:.9 Kèj dpjrmt`des smfjty mun`t

M kèj dpjrmt`des smfjty mun`t (KDQM) s m hjtgdn fdr m`r dpjrmtdrs td ijttjr uenjrstmen r`sbsprjsjet w`tgè tgj`r fkògt dpjrmt`des. KDQM s< 0>

… m ar`tàmk drome`zmt`demk strmtjoy m`hjn mt njvjkdpèo aduetjrhjmsurjs td

dpjrmt`demk jrrdrs. gj diljat`vj df tg`s hde`tdrèo prdormhhj, iu`kt mrduen^grjmt men Jrrdr Hmemojhjet (^JH) frmhjwdrb, s td njet`fy tgrjmts tdmv`mt`de smfjty, hè`h`zj tgj r`sbs suag tgrjmts hmy ojejrmtj men hpkjhjethjmsurjs td hmemoj guhme jrrdr e dpjrmt`demk adetjxts. KDQM jemikjsdpjrmtdrs td mssjss tgj`r kjvjk df rjs`k`jeaj td systjhà tgrjmts, dpjrmt`demk r`sbsmen frdet-kèj pjrsdeejk jrrdrs, tgus prdv`nèo m prèa`pkjn, nmtm-nr`vjempprdmag td pr`dr`t`sj men hpkjhjet mat`des td jegmeaj smfjty.

09 Fkògt Qmfjty Fduenmt`de, ‛_jmktg df ou`nmeaj men jxpjr`jeaj jeadurmoj w`njr mndpt`de df FD]M,‘Fkògt Qmfjty Nòjst (Luej∙Luky 933>)

01 ^QI, Mv`mt`de Qmfjty Yjadhhjenmt`de M=1-3=< Yjqu`rjhjet fdr kògtwj ogt fkògt rjadrnjr systjh eadhhjra`mkky dpjrmtjn m`rarmft edt odvjrejn iy AMYQ 63:.11, mvm`kmikj mt gttp<//www.ist-tsi.oa.am/jeo/rjadhhmenmt`des-rjadhhjenmt`des/mv`mt`de/93=1/rja-m=13=.msp (kmst maajssjn de=9 Njajhijr 93=1)

0> JZYDADE^YDK QBPirmry, Kèj Dpjrmt`des Qmfjty Mun`t (KDQM), mvm`kmikj mtgttp<//www.sbyirmry.mjrd/ènjx.pgp/KèjTDpjrmt`desTQmfjtyTMun`tT(KDQM) (kmst maajssjn de 30Njajhijr 93=1)



- 6? -

KDQM usjs gògky trmèjn disjrvjrs td adkkjat nmtm midut fkògt arjw ijgmv`durmen s`tumt`demk fmatdrs de ‛edrhmk‘ fkògts. Iy hde`tdrèo tgj fkògt frdh tgjadabp`t, tgj disjrvjr ame kjmre huag midut fkògt arjw ijgmv`dur men arjws‐strmtjo`js fdr hmemoèo tgrjmts, jrrdrs men uenjs`rmikj stmtjs.

KDQM s akdsjky kèbjn w`tg Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet (AYH) trmèèo. M

pmrtàukmr strjeotg df KDQM s tgmt t `njet`f`js jxmhpkjs df supjr`dr pjrfdrhmeajtgmt ame ij rjèfdrajn men usjn ms hdnjks fdr trmèèo.

KDQM `s m vdkuetmry prdormh, men F`rst M`r gms edt pmrtà`pmtjn è KDQM.

=.=?.6 M`r trmffà sjrvàjs

=.=?.6.= Amemn`me m`rspmaj

^gj Amemn`me Ndhjstà M`rspmaj`s n`v`njn etd kdw-kjvjk m`rspmaj,

ades`stèo df mkk m`rspmaj ijkdw=7 333 fjjt midvj sjm kjvjk (msk),men gòg-kjvjk m`rspmaj,ades`stèo df mkk m`rspmaj frdh=7 333 fjjt msk men midvj.Adetrdkkjn m`rspmaj w`tgè tgjgòg-kjvjk m`rspmaj s n`v`njn etd1 sjpmrmtj mrjms< tgj QdutgjreAdetrdk Mrjm, tgj EdrtgjreAdetrdk Mrjm men tgj MratàAdetrdk Mrjm. gj kmtjrmk menvjrtàmk n`hjes`des mrj`kkustrmtjn e Fòurj 0 men Fòurj=3. ^gj Amemn`me NdhjstàM`rspmaj s mksd ojdormpgàmkkyn`v`njn ètd tgj Qdutgjre men tgjEdrtgjre Ndhjstà M`rspmaj(ENM). gj kmtjrmk iduenmr`js dftgj ENM jeadhpmss idtg tgjEdrtgjre men Mratà AdetrdkMrjms njpàtjn è Fòurj 0. AMY639.1>(=)(i) rjqu`rjs tgmt aru`sèomkt`tunjs ij njtjrhèjn imsjn de

truj trmab è tgj ENM. Mnn`t`demkky, trmabs njpàtjn de @FY fkògt èfdrhmt`de puikàmt`des mrjrjkmt`vj td truj edrtg.

AMY 639.19(=)(m) spja`f`js tgmt ed pjrsde sgmkk dpjrmtj me m`rarmft mt m spjjn orjmtjr tgme 9:3B@MQ ijkdw =3 333 fjjt msk. Mt =619<1:, FMI6:63 njsajenjn tgrduog =3 333 fjjt mt 1=3 B@MQ, menormnumkky njajkjrmtjn nurèo tgj njsajet, rjmagèo 9:3 B@MQ ms t njsajenjn tgrduog :>13 fjjtmsk. S`kdt etjrv`jws rjvjmkjn tgmt tgj 9:3-B@MQ m`rspjjn k`h`t ijkdw =3 333 fjjt wmsdaams`demkky jxajjnjn td mnlust tgj njsajet prdf`kj.

Fòurj 0. Gòg-kjvjk m`rspmaj kmtjrmk iduenmr`js (`hmoj<^rmespdrt Amemnm (Â), ^S =>1?= ∙ ^rmespdrt Amemnm Mjrdemutàmk@efdrhmt`de Hmeumk RÂ M@HX, YMA‑ Yukjs df tgj M`r men M`r^rmffà Qjrvàjs R=? Datdijr 93=1X, sjat`de 9.6, Fòurj 9.1)



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Fòurj =3. Gòg-kjvjk m`rspmaj vjrtàmk iduenmr`js (sduraj< rmespdrt

Amemnm, ^S =>1?= ∙ ^rmespdrt Amemnm Mjrdemutàmk @efdrhmt`de Hmeumk RÂ M@HX, YMA ∙ Yukjs df tgj M`r men M`r ^rmffà Qjrvàjs R=? Datdijr93=1X, sjat`de 9.6, Fòurj 9.>)

=.=?.6.9 Srdajnurjs e ueadetrdkkjn m`rspmaj

FMI6:63 njpmrtjn AP\F, s`tumtjn è tgj Qdutgjre Adetrdk Mrjm, prdajjnjn de adursj tgrduogtgj Edrtgjre Adetrdk Mrjm, men jvjetumkky fkjw etd tgj Mratà Adetrdk Mrjm ms t mpprdmagjnAPYI. Nurèo tgj ak`hi men aru`sj pgmsj (FK1=3) df fkògt, tgj m`rarmft wms è adetrdkkjnm`rspmaj mt mkk t`hjs. Zpde njsajet etd APYI, tgj m`rarmft jetjrjn ueadetrdkkjn m`rspmaj ms tnjsajenjn ijkdw FK9?3. Zenjr edrhmk a`rauhstmeajs, tgj EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde Mrjm

Adetrdk Ajetrj (MAA) wdukn akjmr tgj m`rarmft dut df adetrdkkjn m`rspmaj mt tg`s t`hj. ^gj arjwwdukn tgje adetèuj njsajet men adetmat tgj APYI Adhhue`ty Mjrdnrdhj Ymn`d Qtmt`de(AMYQ) 0: de tgj hmenmtdry frjqujeay (HF) wgje mpprdmagèo tgj m`rpdrt. Fdr APYI, tg`shust ij ndej ijfdrj ijèo w`tgè 9: eh df tgj m`rpdrt men mt dr ijkdw :133 fjjt msk. 06 ^gjAMYQ disjrvjr/adhhueàmtdr ndjs edt prdv`nj trmffà sjpmrmt`de sjrvàjs. _`tgè tgj HF mrjmdf me ueadetrdkkjn mjrdnrdhj, p`kdts hust adhhueàmtj w`tg dtgjr p`kdts de tgj HF td jesurjtgmt tgjrj `s ed trmffà adefkàt.

^gj p`kdt df me m`rarmft dpjrmtèo uenjr @FY prdajnurjs wgd etjens td adenuat me mpprdmagmen kmenèo mt me ueadetrdkkjn mjrdnrdhj hust irdmnamst tgj etjet`des df tgj p`kdt-è-adhhmen de tgj HF rjomrnèo tgj dpjrmt`de df tgj m`rarmft. gj jst`hmtjn kmenèo t`hj hust

ij adhhueàmtjn : hèutjs ijfdrj adhhjeaèo tgj mpprdmag prdajnurj. Mnn`t`demkky,pds`t`de rjpdrts mrj rjqu`rjn mt tgj fdkkdwèo pdèts<

0: APYI s edrhmkky me ueadetrdkkjn m`rpdrt w`tg m hmenmtdry frjqujeay stmffjn iy m Adhhue`tyMjrdnrdhj Ymn`d Qtmt`de (AMYQ) disjrvjr/adhhueàmtdr, wgd prdv`njs dpjrmt`demk efdrhmt`de tdfkògt arjws.

06 EMV AMEMNM, Amemnm Fkògt Quppkjhjet, APYI, Adhhueàmt`des sjat`de



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• wgje pmssèo tgj f`x dutiduen, wgje tgj p`kdt-è-adhhmen etjens td adenuat mprdajnurj ture, dr, f ed prdajnurj ture s etjenjn, wgje tgj m`rarmft f`rst etjrajpts tgjfèmk mpprdmag adursj2

• wgje pmssèo tgj fèmk mpprdmag f`x, dr 1 hèutjs ijfdrj tgj jst`hmtjn kmenèo t`hjwgjrj ed fèmk mpprdmag f`x jx`sts2 men

• de fèmk mpprdmag.

=.=?.6.1 ED^MH fdrhmt

ED^MHs (edtàjs td m`rhje) mrj njvàjs hjmet td trmesh`t mjrdemutàmk efdrhmt`de td usjrs.EMV AMEMNM `s tgj mojeay tgmt puik`sgjs ED^MHs, men `s rjspdesìkj deky fdr jesurèotgmt tgj mpprdpr`mtj prdajnurjs wjrj fdkkdwjn e rjspjat df tgj èfdrhmt`de ijèo trmesh`ttjn.^gj dròèmtdr df tgj efdrhmt`de s rjspdesìkj fdr tgj maaurmay df tgj èfdrhmt`de ijèosuppk`jn fdr puikàmt`de. @e tg`s amsj, tgj h`k`tmry wms tgj ED^MH adetjet dròèmtdr.

M ejw ED^MH `s ènàmtjn iy tgj kjttjr E fdkkdwèo tgj wdrn ED^MH è tgj kèj tgmtènàmtjs tgj ED^MH euhijr, men tgj mffjatjn mrjm. ^gj f`rst ED^MH `ssujn adeajreèo tgjh`k`tmry tjrhèmk adetrdk mrjm (HÂM) de 39 Muoust adetmèjn tgj kèj ‛===>3> ED^MHEA\JO Jnhdetde F@Y‘. ^gj kmst kèj df tgj ED^MH ènàmtjn tgj pjr`dn nurèo wgàg tgjED^MH wdukn ij jffjat`vj< ‛==3736=133 @K ==37973=33‘. 0?

^gj f`rst rjv`s`de td tgj ED^MH wms njsòemtjn ms fdkkdws< ‛===>9> ED^MHY ===>3> A\JOJnhdetde F@Y‘. De tg`s ED^MH, tgj kmst kèj rjmn ‛==37=3=133 ^@K ==37973=33‘. Gjrj, tgjkjttjr Y fdkkdwèo tgj wdrn ED^MH ènàmtjs m rjpkmajhjet df m prjv`dus ED^MH, iut ndjsedt gògkògt wgàg df tgj hmey p`jajs df efdrhmt`de gms ijje rjv`sjn. Quisjqujetrjpkmajhjets mrj ènàmtjn iy tgj smhj kjttjr Y fdkkdwjn iy tgj euhijr df tgj prjv`dusED^MH tgmt s ijèo rjpkmajn. gjrj s ed dtgjr enàmt`de df wgmt gms ijje agmeojn.

^gj kjttjr A fdkkdwèo tgj wdrn ED^MH enàmtjs m ameajkkmt`de df m ED^MH.

Nurèo tgj daaurrjeaj, edej df tgj p`kdts èiduen td APYI wjrj mwmrj tgmt tgj HÂM wms edtè jffjat. Ms wjkk, tgj EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA adetrdkkjr wgd gmenkjn FMI6:63tgduogt tgmt tgj HÂM wms e jffjat ijamusj tgj adetrdkkjr mnv`sjn FMI6:63 tgmt tgjy wduknrj-jetjr adetrdkkjn m`rspmaj mt FK933 men èstruatjn tgjh td adetmat tgj HÂM tjrhèmkfrjqujeay.

ED^MHs k`stjn de tgj EMV AMEMNM mv`mt`de wjmtgjr _ji s`tj (M__Q) nd edt adetmè tgjE dr Y njsòemt`de td mss`st arjws e njtjrhèèo wgjtgjr ED^MHs k`stjn tgjrj mrj ejw dejsdr rjpkmajhjets. gj èvjstòmt`de njtjrhèjn tgmt sjvjrmk fkògts etjrprjtjn tgj ED^MH

èfdrhmt`de td hjme tgmt tgj HÂM wdukn ij è jffjat.

^gj ED^MH ojejrmt`de systjh gms imaborduen adnèo mssda`mtjn w`tg tgj Y, A, dr E tgmttròojrs mutdhmtjn mat`v`ty rjomrnèo gdw m ED^MH w`kk ij gmenkjn iy tgj adhputjrsdftwmrj. Arjws tgmt rjaj`vj tgj`r ED^MHs tgrduog tg`s n`strìut`de sduraj w`kk sjj tgj adnjs

0? 36 Muoust 93== mt =133 uet`k 97 Muoust 93== mt 3=33



- ?3 -

men rjmk`zj tgmt sdhjtgèo gms agmeojn, iut hust same tgrduog td sjj wgmt gms agmeojn. ^g`sagmeoj ame ij n`ffàukt td njtjrhèj `f m sèokj nò`t è tgj jffjat`vj nmtj kèj `s mkk tgmt agmeojs.^gj M__Q ndjs edt gmvj m ejjn fdr tgjsj adnjs, men tgjrjfdrj tgj kjttjrs mrj edt usjn. JmagED^MH de M__Q hust tgjrjfdrj ij trjmtjn iy m`rarjw ms `f `t `s m ejw ED^MH.

=.=?.6.> Yjsdkutj Imy h`k`tmry m`r trmffà adetrdk

^gj h`k`tmry mojeay rjspdesìkj fdr prdv`nèo tgj MÂ jqu`phjet men fdr tgj MÂ dpjrmt`de eAPYI fdr Dpjrmt`de EMEDDB `s 7 M`r Adetrdk men Adhhueàmt`des Qqumnrde (7MAAQ),imsjn e rjetde, Detmr`d. gj ue`t s jxpjr`jeajn e njpkdyjn dpjrmt`des men rdutèjky sjts upprja`s`de mpprdmag rmnmr (SMY) ue`ts e suppdrt df Dpjrmt`de IDW^DS, tgj rjsuppky df tgj fmredrtgjre Mkjrt rjsjmrag stmt`de. Ms wjkk, jmag yjmr tgj ue`t sjts up m adhpkjtj m`rf`jkn dpjrmt`dede tgj h`k`tmry imsj è _mèwrògt, Mkijrtm. ^gj dpjrmt`de è APYI wms td ij tgj f`rst suagadhpkjtj m`rf`jkn dpjrmt`de e m a`v`k jev`rdehjet.

7MAAQ gms ed njnàmtjn adetrdkkjr rjsdurajs dtgjr tgme SMY adetrdkkjrs. d fukf`kk tgj ejjn fdrtdwjr men tjrhèmk adetrdkkjrs, 7MAAQ prdv`njs ts ejjns td = Amemn`me M`r N`v`s`de e

_èe`pjo, wgàg tgje amevmssjs Amemn`me Fdrajs imsjs fdr edhèjjs. Adetrdkkjrs mrj sjkjatjnmen sjet td 7MAAQ è ^rjetde ijfdrj tgj njpkdyhjet fdr fmh`k`mr`zmt`de, men td ij ir`jfjn mentjstjn de tgj dpjrmt`de men kdamk prdajnurjs tgmt tgjy w`kk fmaj mt tgj s`tj. Adetrdkkjrs mrjjxpjatjn td hmètmè fukk bedwkjnoj df tgj adetjets df EMV AMEMNM MÂ HMEDSQ men tgjAF MÂ Qup.

Ms prjv`dusky edtjn, tgj h`k`tmry rmnmr estmkkjn fdr Dpjrmt`de EMEDDB gmn edt ijje fkògt-agjabjn men adukn edt ij usjn2 tgjrjfdrj, tgj jstmik`sghjet df tgj HÂM wms rjpjmtjnkynjkmyjn. Ijamusj tgj jstmik`sghjet df tgj HÂM wms njkmyjn, tgj m`rspmaj ijkdw FK9?3rjhmèjn ueadetrdkkjn men tgjrj wms ed ampmi`k`ty dr ejajss`ty td prdv`nj mey sdrt df @FYsjpmrmt`de w`tgè tgj m`rspmaj etjenjn fdr tgj HÂM.

EMV AMEMNM MÂ HMEDSQ pjrh`ts tgj mppkàmt`de df @FY sjpmrmt`de sjrvàjs td m`rarmft èm`rspmaj tgmt `s edt sjrvjn iy rmnmr. 07 Me jxmhpkj df gdw tg`s mppkàmt`de ame ij mag`jvjn `s iybjjpèo suisjqujet mrr`vèo m`rarmft duts`nj tgj zdej dr mt m gògjr mkt`tunj uet`k tgj m`rarmft dempprdmag gms kmenjn. _g`kj tgj Akmss N adetrdk zdej wms è jffjat, tgjrj wjrj ed prdajnurjs èpkmaj td n`rjat adetrdkkjrs td mppky ede-rmnmr @FY sjpmrmt`de stmenmrns w`tgè tgj Akmss Nadetrdk zdej, jvje tgduog suag sjrvàjs mrj rjqu`rjn. @FY sjpmrmt`de stmenmrns wjrj edtjstmik`sgjn ijtwjje FMI6:63 men BIM030 de jetry td tgj adetrdk zdej.

Aurrjet APYI wjmtgjr efdrhmt`de wms mvm`kmikj td tgj tdwjr men tjrhèmk adetrdkkjrs tgrduogtgj usj df njnàmtjn adhputjr tjrhèmks usjn td hde`tdr tgj EMV AMEMNM mv`mt`de wjmtgjr_ji s`tj. gjrj wms ed mutdhmtjn tjrhèmk efdrhmt`de systjh (M^@Q) sjrvàj sjt up e tgj

APYI MÂ ue`t.

07 EMV AMEMNM, M`r ^rmffà Adetrdk Hmeumk df Dpjrmt`des (MÂ HMEDSQ) , Smrt >< Mrjm men ^jrhèmkAdetrdk, suipmrt >?3 ‑ Qjpmrmt`de



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Kmenèo efdrhmt`de tgmt hust ij prdv`njn iy tjrhèmk adetrdkkjrs td mrr`vèo m`rarmft s k`stjnè EMV AMEMNM MÂ HMEDSQ ms fdkkdws< 00

>6=.9@eakunj tgj fdkkdwèo tjhs, ms mpprdpr`mtj, e kmenèo efdrhmt`de<

M. _èn.

I. V`sì`k`ty.

A. Aj`kèo.

N. Mkt`hjtjr sjttèo.

J. Sjrtèjet rjhmrbs frdh tgj aurrjet wjmtgjr rjpdrt.

F. Adevjet`demk dr YEMV Q^MY, èakunèo mey trmes`t`de.

O. Yuewmy è usj.

G. Mpprdmag m`n è usj.

@. Sjrtèjet m`rpdrt aden`t`des.

>6=.>Jxajpt nurèo rmp`nky agmeoèo aden`t`des, ydu ejjn edt ssuj efdrhmt`deèakunjn e tgj aurrjet M^@Q (Mutdhmtjn jrhèmk @efdrhmt`de Qystjh)irdmnamst, prdv`njn tgj m`rarmft mabedwkjnojs rjaj`pt df tgj irdmnamst.

Mt =690, nurèo e`t`mk adetmat ijtwjje tgj APYI tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr men FMI6:63, deky tjh Nmen trmffà efdrhmt`de wms prdv`njn.

Mrtàkj 1>9.= df MÂ HMEDSQ mppk`js td m`rpdrt dpjrmt`des men v`sumk fkògt rukjs (VFY)adetrdk. @t spja`f`js tgmt tdwjr adetrdkkjrs sgmkk ssuj me è`t`mk akjmrmeaj e tgj fdkkdwèofdrh< =33

M. (M`rarmft `njet`fàmt`de)2

I. (Ze`t `njet`fàmt`de `f rjqu`rjn)2

A. YZE_MP (euhijr)2

N. _@EN (n`rjat`de men spjjn)2

J. MK^@HJ^JY (sjttèo)2

F. AKJMYJN D ^GJ A@YAZ@^ (dtgjr spja`fà pdèt)2

O. rmnmr `njet`fàmt`de (`f rjqu`rjn)2

G. (rjqujst fdr pds`t`de rjpdrts ms rjqu`rjn)2 men@. (dtgjr èfdrhmt`de, suag ms trmffà, s`huktmejdus ardssèo ruewmy dpjrmt`des

dr m`rpdrt aden`t`des).

00 @i`n., suipmrt >6= ‑ Kmenèo @efdrhmt`de, mrtàkjs >6=.9 men >6=.>

=33 @i`n., Smrt 1< M`rpdrt men VFY Adetrdk, suipmrt 1>9 ∙ @e`t`mk Akjmrmeaj, mrtàkj 1>9.=



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^gj APYI tdwjr adetrdkkjr prdv`njn tgj rjqu`rjn efdrhmt`de jxajpt fdr tjh F, wgàg wms edtmppkàmikj ijamusj estruhjet hjtjdrdkdoàmk aden`t`des prjvm`kjn, men tjh O, wgàg wms edtmppkàmikj ijamusj rmnmr wms edt è dpjrmt`demk usj.

=.=?.6.: ^jhpdrmry m`rspmaj fdr Dpjrmt`de EMEDDB

@e`t`mk pkmeeèo fdr Dpjrmt`de EMEDDB mhdeo tgj h`k`tmry, Â, men EMV AMEMNM rjvdkvjnmrduen tgj n`hjes`des men typj df m`rspmaj rjqu`rjn iy tgj h`k`tmry men tgj hjmes df mkjrtèotgj mv`mt`de adhhue`ty midut tgj dpjrmt`de. gj m`rspmaj wms jstmik`sgjn iy A iy hjmes dfmhjenhjets td tgj Njsòemtjn M`rspmaj Gmeniddb, e maadrnmeaj w`tg h`k`tmry ejjns. Akmss Nm`rspmaj wms agdsje e drnjr tgmt tgj adetrdk mojeay hògt ij mikj td prdv`nj pds`t`vj adetrdksjrvàj td dpjrmtdrs nurèo tgj pjr`dn df Dpjrmt`de EMEDDB.

M adetrdk zdej s njsòemtjn td jesurj tgmt @FY m`rarmft ame rjhmè w`tgè adetrdkkjn m`rspmajnurèo mpprdmagjs men td fma`k`tmtj tgj adetrdk df VFY men @FY trmffà. Adetrdk mrjm jxtjes`desmrj njsòemtjn mrduen mjrdnrdhjs wgjrj tgj adetrdk zdej prdv`njn s esuffà`jet td pjrh`t tgjrjqu`rjn sjpmrmt`de ijtwjje @FY mrr`vmks men njpmrturjs, men td adetmè @FY m`rarmft w`tgè

adetrdkkjn m`rspmaj. M tjrhèmk adetrdk mrjm (ÂM) s s`h`kmr td m adetrdk mrjm jxtjes`de, jxajpttgmt m AM hmy jxtjen up etd tgj gòg-kjvjk m`rspmaj. =3=

Me MÂ akjmrmeaj hust ij ditmèjn ijfdrj jetjrèo adetrdkkjn m`rspmaj fdr fkògt uenjr @FY.Akmss N m`rspmaj s adetrdkkjn m`rspmaj w`tgè wgàg idtg @FY men VFY fkògts mrj pjrh`ttjn.MÂ sjpmrmt`de s prdv`njn deky td @FY m`rarmft. M`rarmft w`kk ij prdv`njn w`tg trmffàèfdrhmt`de.

^gj hjmes df mkjrtèo tgj mv`mt`de adhhue`ty wms maadhpk`sgjn iy ED^MHs ssujn iy EMVAMEMNM de 39 Muoust 93==. ED^MHE ===>3> jstmik`sgjn m Akmss N H`k`tmry ^jrhèmkAdetrdk Mrjm, dr HÂM, w`tgè me 73 eh rmnùs df APYI, frdh ?33 fjjt mok td FK933, jffjat`vj36∙97 Muoust 93== (Mppjen`x _). ED^MHE ===>3: jstmik`sgjn m Akmss N adetrdk zdej (A\)w`tgè m =3 eh rmnùs df APYI frdh tgj surfmaj td 6333 fjjt msk, jffjat`vj 36∙97 Muoust 93==.

=.=?.6.6 ^jhpdrmry rmnmr fma`k`t`js

Ymnmr prdv`njs m pds`t`vj hjtgdn df `njet`fyèo m`rarmft trmffà men jesurèo sjpmrmt`de.^jhpdrmry rmnmr fma`k`t`js wjrj pkmeejn td ij sjt up è APYI ms pmrt df tgj h`k`tmry‐s Akmss Nm`rspmaj dpjrmt`de. g`s pkme eakunjn idtg mrjm survj`kkmeaj rmnmr (MQY) men SMY.

^gj njk`vjry df tgj m`r trmffà adetrdk jqu`phjet wms njkmyjn, men hpkjhjetmt`de df idtg tgjA\ men HÂM wms adrrjspdenèoky njkmyjn. ^gj njkmys wjrj prdhukomtjn iy ED^MHY===>9> men ED^MHY ===>9:, `ssujn 3> Muoust 93==, wgàg rjpkmajn tgj prjv`dus ED^MHs

men njkmyjn tgj jffjat`vj nmtjs df idtg tgj HÂM men tgj A\ uet`k =3 Muoust 93==. ^gjED^MHs mrj sgdwe è Mppjen`x _.

=3= ^rmespdrt Amemnm, ^S =>1?= ∙ ^rmespdrt Amemnm Mjrdemutàmk @efdrhmt`de Hmeumk (Â M@H), YMA ‑Yukjs df tgj M`r men M`r ^rmffà Qjrvàjs (=? Datdijr 93=1), sjat`des 9.?.9, 9.?.1, men 9.?.6, mvm`kmikj mtgttp<//www.ta.oa.am/hjn`m/ndauhjets/am-puikàmt`des/YMA-M@H-93=1-9TJEO-:.pnf (kmstmaajssjn de 30 Njajhijr 93=1)



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Mftjr mrr`vmk men sjtup df jqu`phjet, ED^MHE ==3=39 wms `ssujn de =9 Muoust, jstmik`sgèotgj Akmss N adetrdk zdej jffjat`vj =3 Muoust 93== uet`k 97 Muoust 93== (Mppjen`x _). =39

Sddr wjmtgjr prjvjetjn tgj pjrfdrhmeaj df fkògt agjabs df tgj APYI rmnmr, men`hpkjhjetmt`de df tgj HÂM wms njkmyjn. M sjr`js df ED^MHs, ms fdkkdws, wjrj ssujn dvjr

tgj fdkkdwèo nmys td njkmy tgj jstmik`sghjet df tgj HÂM<

• M ED^MH `ssujn de =9 Muoust njkmyjn tgj jstmik`sghjet df tgj HÂM uet`k =>Muoust.

• M ED^MH `ssujn de => Muoust njkmyjn tgj jstmik`sghjet df tgj HÂM uet`k =:Muoust.

• M ED^MH `ssujn de =: Muoust njkmyjn tgj jstmik`sghjet df tgj HÂM uet`k =6Muoust.

• M ED^MH `ssujn de =? Muoust njkmyjn tgj jstmik`sghjet df tgj HÂM uet`k =0Muoust.

• M ED^MH `ssujn de =0 Muoust njkmyjn tgj jstmik`sghjet df tgj HÂM uet`k 9=Muoust.

Mkk df tgj njkmys gmn ijje hmnj è metà`pmt`de tgmt tgj h`k`tmry rmnmr wdukn tgje ij fkògt-agjabjn iy tgj rjv`sjn nmtj2 gdwjvjr, tgjrj wms ed mssurmeaj tgmt m fkògt agjab wdukn ijsagjnukjn è drnjr td hjjt tgj ejw nmtj men t`hj. Ijamusj ej`tgjr tgj MQY edr tgj SMY gmnijje fkògt-agjabjn, tgjy wjrj edt mvm`kmikj fdr usj e prdv`nèo adetrdk sjrvàjs. =31

Sdrtmikj trm`kjrs mt APYI gdusjn idtg tgj tdwjr men tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr wdrb stmt`des (Sgdtd 6).Idtg wdrb stmt`des wjrj jqu`ppjn w`tg adhhueàmt`de jqu`phjet men hukt`pkj efdrhmt`den`spkmy hde`tdrs. Dej hde`tdr è tgj tdwjr prdv`njn rmnmr èfdrhmt`de. ^gj tjrhèmk adetrdk

wdrb stmt`de wms jqu`ppjn w`tg sjvjrmk n`spkmys fdr MQY men SMY.

=39 ^gj jffjat`vj nmtj wms h`stmbjeky k`stjn ms =3 Muoust vjrsus =9 Muoust 93==.

=31 Amemn`me Fdrajs, Fkògt @espjat`de Srdajnurjs Hmeumk, I-OM-=6>-33/MM-33=, Agmptjr 1, sjat`de =.1 mensjat`de 6



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Sgdtd :. ^jhpdrmry h`k`tmry m`r trmffà sjrvàjs (M^Q) fma`k`ty mt Yjsdkutj Imy (APYI). ^gj tjrhèmk trm`kjr`s kdamtjn ijgèn tgj tjets.

Mktgduog tgj rmnmr gmn edt ijje fkògt-agjabjn, t wms dpjrmtèo. Ymnmr nmtm wjrj ijèorjadrnjn men fjn td idtg trm`kjrs. gj tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr wms mt tgj adetrdk wdrb stmt`dehde`tdrèo tgj mrr`vmk df m`r trmffà men ssuèo njpmrturj akjmrmeajs td njpmrtèo fkògts. Ymnmrèfdrhmt`de wms n`spkmyjn, iut wms edt ijèo usjn fdr adetrdk purpdsjs.

_gje FMI6:63 wms mpprdx`hmtjky =3 eh frdh APYI tureèo detd fèmk mpprdmag, tgj tjrhèmkadetrdkkjr spdbj ir`jfky w`tg tgj tdwjr adetrdkkjr, men wms mnv`sjn tgmt tgj tdwjr rmnmr n`spkmywms edpjrmt`vj. gj tjageà`me e tgj tjrhèmk trm`kjr wms edt mvm`kmikj. gj HÂM wms edt ejffjat, men tgj tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr wms edt prdv`nèo adetrdk sjrvàjs. gj tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr

gmn gmn me `ssuj prjv`dusky e tgj nmy w`tg tgj tjrhèmk rmnmr n`spkmy, wgàg wms rjat`f`jnw`tg m s`hpkj rjsjt df tgj n`spkmy. ^gj tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr dffjrjn td mss`st iy rjsjttèo tgj tdwjrrmnmr n`spkmy, men kjft tgj tjrhèmk trm`kjr men wjet td tgj tdwjr trm`kjr. gj tjrhèmk adetrdkkjrwms uemikj td rjsjt tgj tdwjr rmnmr n`spkmy men rjturejn td tgj tjrhèmk trm`kjr.

De rjtureèo td tgj tjrhèmk trm`kjr, tgj tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr hdhjetmr ky okmeajn mt tgj rmnmrn`spkmys, iut n`n edt pmy tgjh huag mttjet`de, ijamusj tgj rmnmr adukn edt ij usjn fdr adetrdkpurpdsjs.

^gj tdwjr adetrdkkjr n`n edt gmvj m fueat`deèo rmnmr n`spkmy fdr s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss, men tgjwjmtgjr prjvjetjn v`sumk maqu`s`t`de df m`r trmffà.

=.=?.6.? @estruhjet mpprdmag prdajnurjs< h`k`tmry tjrhèmk adetrdk mrjm è jffjat

Gmn tgj h`k`tmry survj`kkmeaj rmnmr ijje dpjrmt`demk men tgj HÂM ijje e jffjat, m`rarmftjetjrèo tgj m`rspmaj wdukn adetmat tgj APYI tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr de tgj njsòemtjn frjqujeaymen rjaj`vj estruat`des rjomrnèo tgj njsajet men mpprdmag etd APYI. Ymnmr wdukn gmvjijje usjn td njet`fy m`rarmft men hmètmè sjpmrmt`de. gj arjw df me m`rarmft wdukn enàmtjmpprdmag men kmenèo etjet`des td tgj tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr, men wdukn rjaj`vj estruat`des



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rjomrnèo gjmnèo men mkt`tunjs td hmètmè/fdkkdw men adursj njv`mt`des disjrvmikj td tgjtjrhèmk adetrdkkjr.

Ms tgj m`rarmft mpprdmagjn tgj m`rpdrt, tgj tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr wdukn ssuj m akjmrmeaj tdadenuat me estruhjet mpprdmag. gj m`rarmft wdukn rjhmè de tgj tjrhèmk frjqujeay uenjrtjrhèmk adetrdk uet`k sgdrt fèmk fdr tgj ruewmy. De sgdrt fèmk mpprdmag, tgj m`rarmft wdukn ij

trmesfjrrjn td tgj tdwjr frjqujeay td ojt m kmenèo akjmrmeaj. gj arjw wdukn adetèuj w`tg tgjèstruhjet mpprdmag usèo tgj m`rarmft‐s emvòmt`demk jqu`phjet uet`k maqu`rèo v`sumkrjfjrjeajs fdr kmenèo.

=.=?.6.7 @estruhjet mpprdmag prdajnurjs< h`k`tmry tjrhèmk adetrdk mrjm edt è jffjat

_`tgdut tgj HÂM ijèo dpjrmt`demk, @FY m`rarmft mpprdmagèo APYI frdh gòg-kjvjkueadetrdkkjn m`rspmaj (ijkdw FK9?3) wdukn gmvj td jstmik`sg adhhueàmt`de w`tg tgj h`k`tmryadetrdk tdwjr ijfdrj jetjrèo tgj zdej. M`rarmft wdukn o`vj tgj`r jst`hmtjn t`hj df mrr`vmk(J^M), enàmtj mpprdmag etjet`des, men rjhmè de tdwjr frjqujeay td rjaj`vj trmffàèfdrhmt`de men akjmrmeaj td jetjr tgj zdej. _gjejvjr me J^M s pmssjn, tgj p`kdt sgdukn

spja`fy tgj pdèt, f`x, dr fma`k`ty td wgàg tgj J^M mppk`js. ^gj arjw wdukn tgje adenuat meèstruhjet mpprdmag, men upde rjaj`pt df m kmenèo akjmrmeaj frdh tgj tdwjr, wdukn kmen drè`t`mtj m h`ssjn mpprdmag `f edt è m pds`t`de td kmen.

Deaj es`nj tgj Akmss N adetrdk zdej, @FY sjpmrmt`de stmenmrns wjrj mppkàmikj. d prjvjettrmffà adefkàts, @FY m`rarmft ejjnjn td ij prdv`njn w`tg @FY adetrdk sjrvàjs (`.j., sjpmrmt`de menmpprdmag akjmrmeajs) iy me @FY-ajrt`f`jn adetrdkkjr, rjomrnkjss df wgjtgjr rmnmr `s mvm`kmikj.

=.=?.? Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet

=.=?.?.= Diljat`vj df arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet

@e m hukt`-arjw m`rarmft suag ms tgj I?1?, p`kdts hust suaajssfukky etjrmat w`tg jmag dtgjr, tgj`rm`rarmft, men tgj`r jev`rdehjet, usèo mssda`mtjn agjabk`sts men adhpmey QDSs td jffjat`vjkyhmemoj tgrjmts, jrrdrs, dr uenjs`rjn m`rarmft stmtjs tgmt hmy ij jeaduetjrjn. Ms m rjsukt, meyèvjstòmt`de evdkvèo m hukt`-arjw adabp`t hust jxmhèj arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet (AYH)fmatdrs td njtjrhèj wgmt, f mey, irjmbndwes hmy gmvj daaurrjn. gj fdkkdwèo sjat`des w`kkjxmhèj tgj aurrjet rjoukmtdry jev`rdehjet ms t pjrtmès td AYH, AYH estruatdrmaarjn`tmt`de, men AYH trmèèo mt F`rst M`r.

^gj diljat`vj df AYH `s td rjnuaj guhme jrrdr è mv`mt`de. M w`njky maajptjn njfè`t`de dfAYH s tgj jffjat`vj usj df mkk guhme, gmrnwmrj, men èfdrhmt`de rjsdurajs mvm`kmikj td tgjfkògt arjw td jesurj smfj men jffà`jet fkògt dpjrmt`des.

^g`s odmk s maadhpk`sgjn iy trmèèo fkògt arjws td jhpkdy m vmr`jty df strmtjo`js td gjkp`hprdvj jffjat`vjejss. Zek`bj m`rarmft gmenkèo sb`kks, AYH trmèèo fdausjs de ar`tàmk adoe`t`vjmen etjrpjrsdemk sb`kks. @e`t`mk AYH trmèèo rjaj`vjn iy fkògt arjws kmys tgj fduenmt`de fdrtgdsj adrj AYH sb`kks. Deaj m fduenmt`de df adrj AYH sb`kks gms ijje jstmik`sgjn, rjaurrjettrmèèo sjss`des gjkp rjèfdraj tgdsj ar`tàmk sb`kks men prdv`nj fkògt arjws w`tg dppdrtue`t`jstd gdej tgj sb`kks tgjy wjrj tmuogt nurèo e`t`mk AYH trmèèo. Yjsjmrag gms sgdwe tgmt fkògt



- ?6 -

arjws w`tg rjajet AYH trmèèo mrj ijttjr mikj td njmk w`tg edvjk s`tumt`des tgme fkògt arjwsw`tgdut rjajet AYH trmèèo. =3>

=.=?.?.9 Jvdkut`de df arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo rjoukmt`des

@e =00:, tgj ^QI `ssujn Yjadhhjenmt`de M0:-== =3: td Â, amkkèo fdr AYH men nja`s`de-

hmbèo trmèèo td ij hmenmtdry fdr mkk dpjrmtdrs men m`rarjw evdkvjn e adhhjra`mk mv`mt`de.Gdwjvjr, A‐s rjspdesj td Yjadhhjenmt`de M0:-== enàmtjn tgmt t wdukn ij ètrdnuaèodeky rjoukmt`des rjqu`rèo AYH trmèèo fdr AMY Quipmrt ?3: dpjrmtdrs. Ms m rjsukt, tgj ^QImssjsshjet df Â‐s rjspdesj wms Qmt`sfmatdry è Smrt. =36

De =3 Datdijr =006, Â etrdnuajn AYH trmèèo rjqu`rjhjets fdr AMY ?3: m`rkèj dpjrmtdrs.^gj rjqu`rjhjet amhj ètd jffjat ms Adhhjra`mk M`r Qjrvàj Qtmenmrns (AMQQ) ?9:.=9>(10)< ArjwYjsduraj Hmemojhjet rmèèo. @e 933>, tgj t`tkj wms mhjenjn td ‛AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10)< ArjwYjsduraj Hmemojhjet rmèèo fdr Arjw Hjhijrs‘ td irdmnje tgj sadpj ijyden p`kdts. gjrjhmènjr df tg`s stmenmrn gms edt ijje mhjenjn sèaj ts eajpt`de e =006.

^gj fdkkdwèo s qudtjn n`rjatky frdh AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10)<=3?

Me m`r dpjrmtdr sgmkk prdv`nj Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet rmèèo (AYH) emaadrnmeaj w`tg tgj fdkkdwèo<

m) @e`t`mk trmèèo `s rjqu`rjn fdr mkk arjw hjhijrs men sgmkk advjr tgj suiljatsè idtg (m) men (i)<

(`) mtt`tunjs men ijgmv`durs2

(``) adhhueàmt`de sb`kks2

(```) prdikjh sdkvèo2

(`v) guhme fmatdrs2

(v) adefkàt rjsdkut`de2

(v`) nja`s`de hmbèo2

(v``) tjmh iu`knèo men hmètjemeaj2 men

(v```) wdrbkdmn hmemojhjet.

i) Meeumk trmèèo è smfjty men jhjrojeay prdajnurjs. @t sgmkk èakunj, msmppkàmikj, ldèt pmrtà`pmt`de df p`kdts men fkògt mttjenmets men advjr tgjfdkkdwèo tjhs<

(`) rjkmt`desg`p df arjw hjhijrs2

(``) rjv`jw df maa`njets/èa njets df m`r dpjrmtdrs2

=3> Fjnjrmk Mv`mt`de Mnhè`strmt`de (FMM), Mnv`sdry A raukmr (MA) =93-:=J< Arjw YjsdurajHmemojhjet rmèèo (933>)

=3: ^QI, Mv`mt`de Qmfjty Yjadhhjenmt`de M0:-==

=36 M Qmt`sfmatdry è Smrt rmtèo `s mssòejn f tgj pkmeejn mat`de dr tgj mat`de tmbje w`kk rjnuaj iut edtsuistmet`mkky rjnuaj dr jk`hèmtj tgj njfà`jeay.

=3? Adhhjra`mk M`r Qjrvàj Qtmenmrns (AMQQ) ?9:.=9>(10)< Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet rmèèo fdr ArjwHjhijrs



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(```) prjsjetmt`de men n`sauss`de df sjkjatjn addrnèmtjn jhjrojeay

(`v) prdajnurjs (prmatàj df AYH sb`kks)2 men

(v) arjw hjhijr jvmaumt`de nr`kks, eakunèo njir`jfèo.

Â M`r Amrr`jr Mnv`sdry A`raukmr ed. 3==? (nmtjn =: Mpr`k =00?), =37 prdv`njs akmr`fàmt`de df tgj

ètjrprjtmt`de df AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10).

Mktgduog tgj rjqu`rjn suiljats mrj dutkèjn e AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10), tgjrj mrj ed stmenmrns tgmtnjfèj tgj rjqu`rjn adetjet dr hè`huh adursj kjeotg, edr s tgjrj m rjqu`rjhjet tgmt tgjmatumk trmèèo hmtjr`mk ij mpprdvjn iy Â. d sgdw adhpk`meaj w`tg AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10),AMY ?3: dpjrmtdrs mrj s`hpky rjqu`rjn td suih`t tgj`r e`t`mk men rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo pkmestd tgj rjo`demk Â dffàj fdr mpprdvmk.

Edrhmkky, tgj AYH trmèèo pkme `s suih`ttjn ms pmrt df tgj adhpmey dpjrmt`des hmeumk (ADH) dr dtgjr adhpmey hmeumk. Mftjr A rjaj`vjs tgj AYH trmèèo pkme, tgj prdpdsjnadetjet df tgj AYH trmèèo sjss`de `s adhpmrjn td tgj k`st df rjqu`rjn `tjhs è AMQQ?9:.=9>(10). Deaj m AYH trmèèo pkme s mpprdvjn, A hmètmès vjry k`ttkj dvjrsògt dvjr tgjAYH trmèèo sjss`des, men tgjrj `s ed rjqu`rjhjet fdr Â td mttjen m adhpmey‐s AYH adursjms pmrt df tgj mpprdvmk prdajss.

Mnn`t`demkky, AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10)(i) prdv`njs k`ttkj ou`nmeaj td dpjrmtdrs rjomrnèo tgj hè`huhrjqu`rjhjets fdr rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo, men edej df tgj adrj suiljats njet`f`jn e sjat`de (m)df AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10) mrj k`stjn. ^gjrj `s ed rjqu`rjhjet td rjv`s`t mey df tgj suiljats advjrjnnurèo è`t`mk AYH trmèèo. Adesjqujetky, dpjrmtdrs gmvj suistmet`mk kmt`tunj è tjrhs df wgmt`s tmuogt nurèo rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo sjss`des, gdw `t `s tmuogt, men tgj trmèèo t`hjmkkdamtjn.

Ijfdrj 9331, A wms mat`vjky evdkvjn e tjmagèo AYH td n`ffjrjet drome`zmt`des men fkògt

arjws mardss tgj aduetry. g`s tjmagèo wms ndej td mss`st dpjrmtdrs e hjjtèo tgjrjqu`rjhjets df AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10). d mss`st w`tg tgj njk`vjry df tgj trmèèo, A njvjkdpjn m9-nmy e`t`mk AYH adursj (^S =1670< Arjw Yjsdurajs Hmemojhjet) è tgj h`n-=003s, men hmnj `tmvm`kmikj fdr puragmsj. gj trmèèo pmabmoj ades`sts df 0 n`ffjrjet prjsjetmt`des, fdr m tdtmk df=7? sk`njs. gj A AYH adursj wms kmrojky etjenjn td earjmsj mwmrjejss df AYH adeajpts,rmtgjr tgme prdv`nèo pmrtà`pmets w`tg prmatàmk nja`s`de-hmbèo men adhhueàmt de tddks(`.j., hdnjks men/dr strmtjo`js) tgmt adukn ij jms`ky trmesfjrrjn etd m prdajnurmkky struaturjnhukt`-arjw jev`rdehjet. Maadrnèo td tgj Â AYH èstruatdr gmeniddb, tgj prjsjetmt`des ètgj trmèèo pmabmoj hjjt tgj rjqu`rjhjets df AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10). Gdwjvjr, tgjrj s eddvjrmragèo frmhjwdrb tgmt njtjrhèjs tgj drnjr è wgàg tgj Â AYH trmèèo hmtjr`mk `sprjsjetjn. gj A AYH prjsjetmt`des hmy ij prjsjetjn e mey drnjr, imsjn de tgj prjfjrjeaj

df tgj èn`v`numk adenuatèo tgj trmèèo. =30 Maadrnèo td S=1670J, tgjrj `s m kdt dfèfdrhmt`de td advjr e 9 nmys df trmèèo.

=37 ^rmespdrt Amemnm, M r Amrr`jr Mnv`sdry A`raukmr ed. 3==? ∙ Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet rmèèo(=: Mpr`k =00?), mvm`kmikj mt gttp<//www.ta.oa.am/jeo/a`v`kmv`mt`de/stmenmrns/adhhjraj-a`raukmrs-ma3==?-=?=0.gth (kmst maajssjn de =6 Njajhijr 93=1)

=30 ^rmespdrt Amemnm, ^S =1670 ∙ Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet ‑ Fma`k`tmtdr (933=)



- ?7 -

^gj A AYH adursj gms dftje sjrvjn ms m tjhpkmtj fdr e`t`mk AYH trmèèo. Gdwjvjr, tgjhmtjr`mk e tgj gmeniddb advjrs deky tgj `tjhs k`stjn e AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10)(m). @t ndjs edtprdv`nj mey ou`nmeaj rjomrnèo tgj rjqu`rjhjets dutkèjn e AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10)(i), men t ndjsedt mnnrjss hmey df tgj ue`quj agmkkjeojs tgmt m p`kdt hmy jeaduetjr wg`kj fkyèo m pmrtàukmrdpjrmt`de.

Jffjat`vj 3= Mpr`k 9331, Â n`sadetèujn tgj njk`vjry df tgjsj wdrbsgdps, meedueaèo e Mv`mt`de Qmfjty Kjttjr @ssuj =/9331 tgmt A wms rjfdausèo ts ‛rjsdurajs td tgdsj mat`v`t`js w`tgtgj orjmtjst smfjty ijejf`t.‘ gj mv`mt`de smfjty kjttjr furtgjr stmtjn tgmt tgj Qystjh Qmfjtyprdormh wms rjfdausèo ‛jejro`js men rjsdurajs td hjjt ejw pr`dr`t`js men mnnrjss jvdkvèo`ssujs men n`rjat`des, suag ms smfjty hmemojhjet systjh (QHQ) men è`t`mt`vjs td rjnuajruewmy eaurs`des.‘ ==3

@e Lmeumry 933?, m Bèo M`r M=33 armsgjn e Qmeny Imy, Qmsbmtagjwme. gj evjstòmt`de`njet`f`jn sjvjrmk smfjty ssujs rjkmtjn td AYH. gj Idmrn rjkjmsjn evjstòmt`de rjpdrtM3?A333= de => Datdijr 9330, men è Yjadhhjenmt`de M30-39, rjadhhjenjn tgmt< ===

RtXgj Njpmrthjet df rmespdrt rjqu`rj adhhjra`mk m`r dpjrmtdrs td prdv`njadetjhpdrmry arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet (AYH) trmèèo fdr Amemn`me Mv`mt`deYjoukmt`des (AMYs) suipmrt ?31 m`r tmx` men AMYs suipmrt ?3> adhhutjr p`kdts.

^QI Mv`mt`de @evjstòmt`de Yjpdrt M30M33=6 gògkògtjn tgj r`sbs mssda`mtjn w`tg tgj aurrjetAYH rjoukmt`de men stmenmrn è Amemnm. Ms m rjsukt df tgj èvjstòmt`de, tgj ^QI `ssujn mFènèo ms td Y`sb midut tgj aurrjet AYH rjoukmt`de men stmenmrns fdr AMY ?3: m`rkèjdpjrmtdrs, stmtèo tgmt ‛tgjrj `s m r`sb tgmt fkògt arjws hmy edt ij trmèjn è tgj kmtjst tgrjmtmen jrrdr hmemojhjet tjage`qujs.‘

Â‐s suisjqujet mat`de eakunjn m fdaus ordup adhpr`sèo A men enustry rjprjsjetmt`vjs,

wgàg hjt è Lmeumry 93=9. Ms pmrt df `ts hmenmtj, tgj fdaus ordup wms n`rjatjn td njtjrhèjme maajptmikj kjeotg fdr AYH trmèèo. gj ordup wms mksd msbjn td njtjrhèj wgàg estruatdrqumk`fàmt`des sgdukn ij rjqu`rjn td prdv`nj AYH trmèèo men gdw td hpkjhjet memaarjn`tmt`de prdormh.

^gj fèmk rjpdrt df tgj AYH rmèèo Fdaus Ordup, nmtjn 90 Fjirumry 93=9, prdpdsjnadhpdejets df m adetjhpdrmry AYH trmèèo stmenmrn. gj fdaus ordup suih`ttjnrjadhhjenmt`des td tgj A`v`k Mv`mt`de Yjoukmtdry Adhh`ttjj (AMYA) ==9 tgmt eakunjnmndpt`de df tgj @AMD-jendrsjn tgrjmt-men-jrrdr hmemojhjet (^JH) hdnjk men tgj mppkàmt`dedf sajemr`d-imsjn trmèèo. Gdwjvjr, tgj fdaus ordup rjpdrt enàmtjn tgmt ‛^rmespdrt Amemnmsgdukn edt hmenmtj spja`fà estruatdr qumk`fàmt`des edr sgdukn t jhimrb de m AYH estruatdr

==3 ^rmespdrt Amemnm, ^S =7: ‑ Mv`mt`de Qmfjty Kjttjr , @ssuj =/9331

=== ^QI, Mv`mt`de Qmfjty Yjadhhjenmt`de M30-39< Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet ^rmèèo, mvm`kmikj mtgttp<//www.ist-tsi.oa.am/jeo/rjadhhmenmt`des-rjadhhjenmt`des/mv`mt`de/9330/rjaTm3039.msp(kmst maajssjn =3 Njajhijr 93=1)

==9 ^gj hmenmtj df AMYA s td rjadhhjen fèmk rjoukmtdry nja`s`des td tgj Hè`stjr.



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maarjn`tmt`de prdormh.‘ @e mnn`t`de, tgj fdaus ordup mksd rjadhhjenjn momèst jstmik`sgèo msjt t`hj fdr AYH adursj nurmt`de.

^gj AMYA maajptjn tgj Â fdaus ordup rjadhhjenmt`des, men de 9> Mpr`k 93=9, n`rjatjn tgmt madetjhpdrmry AYH trmèèo rjoukmt`de men stmenmrn sgdukn ij njvjkdpjn fdr AMY Quipmrts?39, ?31, ?3>, men ?3:. ^gj stmenmrn `s td èakunj tgj ^JH hdnjk td jegmeaj fkògt arjws‐

mi`k`t`js td adhhueàmtj jffjat`vjky, mssjss aden`t`des, men hmbj mpprdpr`mtj nja`s`des ear`tàmk s`tumt`des. A gms mssòejn m tjmh kjmnjr w`tg tgj tmsb df njvjkdpèo m prdljat pkme. g`sprdljat gms yjt td ij adhpkjtjn.

^gjrj gmvj ijje s`h`kmr amkks fdr jxtjenèo AYH trmèèo e tgj ZQ. @e 9330, tgj Emt`demk^rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn (E^QI) njet`f`jn tgj ejjn td hprdvj AYH trmèèo ms dej df `tstdp mv`mt`de-rjkmtjn smfjty adeajres. ==1 De 3= Hmy 9330, tgj FMM rjspdenjn iy `ssuèo m edtàjdf prdpdsjn rukjhmbèo (ESYH) tgmt wdukn rjqu`rj Smrt =1: dpjrmtdrs ==> td prdv`nj AYHtrmèèo td mkk arjw hjhijrs, eakunèo p`kdts men fkògt mttjenmets. ==:

Njsp`tj tgj fmat tgmt tgj AYH rjoukmt`des e Amemnm gmvj edt ijje upnmtjn td rjfkjat hdnjre

AYH adeajpts, sdhj df tgjsj adeajpts gmvj mkrjmny ijje etjormtjn etd dtgjr A-kjnprdormhs. Fdr jxmhpkj, tgj Mnvmeajn ]umk`fàmt`de Srdormh, ==6 tgj Mpprdvjn Agjab S`kdtprdormh, ==? men tgj Hukt`-Arjw S`kdt Kàjeaj ==7 pkmaj ades`njrmikj jhpgms`s de tgrjmt-men-jrrdr hmemojhjet adeajpts men strmtjo`js. @e mnn`t`de, jmag df tgjsj prdormhs mksd gògkògtstgj hpdrtmeaj df ijèo mikj td jvmkumtj tgjsj sb`kks ms pmrt df m prdfà`jeay-imsjn trmèèoprdormh.

=.=?.?.1 @enustry-rjadoe`zjn pgmsjs df arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo

^gjrj mrj m vmr`jty df AYH stmenmrns men rjoukmt`des e pkmaj tgrduogdut tgj wdrkn. Njsp`tjtgjsj n`ffjrjeajs, tgjrj `s m ojejrmk adesjesus mhdeo tgj mv`mt`de adhhue`ty tgmt AYHprdormhs sgdukn ades`st df 1 n`stèat pgmsjs df trmèèo. ==0

^gj f`rst pgmsj s èndatrèmt de men mwmrjejss trmèèo. g`s pgmsj etrdnuajs amen`nmtjs tdimsà AYH adeajpts men strmtjo`js. Qtun`js gmvj sgdwe tgmt AYH èndatrèmt`de trmèèo ame

==1 ZQ Emt`demk rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn (E^QI), Hdst _metjn K`st df ^rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty@hprdvjhjets 9330 ‑ Ar`tàmk agmeojs ejjnjn td rjnuaj trmespdrtmt`de maa`njets men smvj k`vjs (9330)

==> Zenjr tgj Fjnjrmk Mv`mt`de Yjoukmt`des (FMYs), Smrt =1: mppk`js td m`r tmx` men adhhutjr dpjrmt`des.

==: Fjnjrmk Mv`mt`de Mnhè`strmt`de (FMM), ESYH 30-39< Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet ^rmèèo fdr Arjwhjhijrs è Smrt =1: Dpjrmt`des (`ssujn 3= Hmy 9330)

==6 ^rmespdrt Amemnm, Njvjkdphjet men @hpkjhjetmt`de df me Mnvmeajn ]umk`fàmt`de Srdormh (M]S), (93=3),

mvm`kmikj mt gttp<//www.ta.oa.am/jeo/a`v`kmv`mt`de/stmenmrns/adhhjraj-mqp-hjeu-=77?.gth (kmstmaajssjn de 30 Njajhijr 93=1)

==? ^rmespdrt Amemnm, ^S 6:11 ∙ Mpprdvjn Agjab S`kdt Hmeumk (933?)

==7 ^rmespdrt Amemnm, Hukt`-Arjw S`kdt Kàjeaj ^rmèèo Srdormh Hmeumk ‑ Fkògt ^rmèèo (`ssujn 3= Lmeumry 93=9)

==0 Fjnjrmk Mv`mt`de Mnhè`strmt`de (FMM), Mnv`sdry A raukmr (MA) =93-:=J< Arjw YjsdurajHmemojhjet rmèèo (933>)



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rjsukt e sòe`fàmet hprdvjhjets e mtt`tunjs tdwmrn arjw addrnèmt`de men fkògt njabhmemojhjet. =93

^gj sjaden pgmsj s prmatàj, fjjnimab, men rjaurrjet trmèèo. Nurèo tgj jmrky yjmrs df AYH,tgj sb`kks wjrj tmuogt sjpmrmtjky frdh tjageàmk bedwkjnoj men sb`kks. @e rjajet yjmrs, tgjrj gmsijje earjmsjn rjadoe`t`de tgmt AYH trmèèo wdukn ij hdrj jffjat`vj f t wms etjormtjn w`tg

tjageàmk trmèèo frdh tgj jmrk`jst stmojs df tgj m`rarjw trmèèo rjo`hj. =9= AYH trmèèoprdormhs tgmt eakunj rjaurrjet trmèèo men tgj matumk prmatàj df AYH strmtjo`js gmvj ijjesgdwe td prdnuaj sòe`fàmet agmeojs e fkògt arjw pjrfdrhmeaj nurèo kèj-dr`jetjn fkògttrmèèo sjss`des men nurèo fkògts. =99

^gj tg`rn pgmsj `s adetèuèo rjèfdrajhjet. ^g`s pgmsj èvdkvjs hmbèo AYH hdrj tgme lustme mspjat df fkògt arjw trmèèo, men stmrts w`tg hmemojhjet kjvjk iuy-è df tgj AYH adeajpts.Me jffjat`vj wmy df adetèumk rjèfdrajhjet s td jhijn ar`tàmk AYH sb`kks men ijgmv`dursw`tgè adhpmey QDSs td hmbj AYH me etjormk mspjat df mkk trmèèo men dpjrmt`des. =91

=.=?.?.> Kmtjst njvjkdphjets è tgj f`jkn df arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet

Jmrk`jr ojejrmt`des df AYH trmèèo wjrj vjry hdnukmr, men wjrj edt etjormtjn etd me dvjrmkktgjhj dr dvjrmragèo frmhjwdrb. Ms m rjsukt, dknjr AYH prdormhs typàmkky ades`stjn dfprjsjetmt`des midut AYH tdpàs tgmt fdausjn hdrj de mwmrjejss trmèèo tgme de prdv`nèofkògt arjw w`tg matumk AYH strmtjo`js tgmt adukn ij jhpkdyjn nurèo trmèèo men dpjrmt`des.AYH trmèèo gms ijje adetèumkky rjfèjn td dpt`h`zj tgj jffjat`vjejss men rjkjvmeay df tgjtrmèèo. QI Mv`mt`de @evjstòmt`de Yjpdrt M30M33=6 prdv`njs me jxpkmemt`de df tgj jvdkut`dedf AYH men `ts vmr`dus ojejrmt`des.

^gj hdst rjajet njvjkdphjet è AYH fdausjs de ^JH. ^JH mnvdamtjs tgj amrjfuk memkys`s dfpdtjet`mk gmzmrns men tmbèo mpprdpr`mtj stjps td mvd`n, trmp, dr h`tòmtj tgrjmts men jrrdrsijfdrj tgjy kjmn td me uenjs`rjn m`rarmft stmtj. @e dtgjr wdrns, JH strjssjs metà`pmt`de,rjadoe`t`de, men rjadvjry ms tgj bjy prèa`pkjs ijgèn tgrjmt men jrrdr hmemojhjet. =9> Iyusèo matumk smfjty nmtm frdh me dpjrmtdr, aurrjet ojejrmt`des df AYH mrj mikj td tmrojt spja`fàmrjms df me dpjrmt`de tgmt pdsj tgj orjmtjst r`sb. JH mksd rjadoe`zjs tgj hpdrtmeaj dfuenjs`rjn m`rarmft stmtj hmemojhjet, ms t rjprjsjets tgj kmst dppdrtue`ty fdr fkògt arjws tdprjvjet me mnvjrsj dutadhj. =9:

=93 @i`n.

=9= Ydymk Mjrdemutàmk Qda`jty, AYH Qtmenèo Ordup, Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet, (Kdende, ZB< =000)

=99 Fjnjrmk Mv`mt`de Mnhè`strmt`de (FMM), Mnv`sdry A raukmr (MA) =93-:=J< Arjw YjsdurajHmemojhjet rmèèo (933>)

=91 ^.K. Qjmhstjr, F.M. Srjet ss, men J.Q. Jnjes, ‛@hpkjhjetèo AYH sb`kks w`tgè arjw trmèèoprdormhs,‘ e< Srdajjnèos df tgj ^jetg @etjremt`demk Qyhpdsùh de Mv`mt`de Ssyagdkdoy (Adkuhius< Dg`dQtmtj Ze`vjrs`ty< =000), pmojs :33∙:3>

=9> M. Hjrr`tt men L. Bkèjat, ‛Njfjes`vj Fkyèo fdr S`kdts< Me @etrdnuat`de td ^grjmt men JrrdrHmemojhjet,‘ ^gj Ze`vjrs`ty df ^jxms Guhme Fmatdrs Yjsjmrag Srdljat< ^gj KDQM Adkkmidrmt`vj(Mustè, ^jxms< 9336)

=9: N. Hmurèd, ^grjmt men Jrrdr Hmemojhjet (^JH), Amemn`me Mv`mt`de Qmfjty Qjhèmr (AMQQ),(Vmeaduvjr< =7∙93 Mpr`k 933:)



- 7= -

Sjrgmps tgj hdst hpdrtmet jkjhjet df aurrjet AYH trmèèo s tgmt t s n`rjatky trmesfjrmikjètd tgj m`rarmft. Fkògt arjws mrj tmuogt spja`fà sb`kks men strmtjo`js tgmt ame ij usjn menjvmkumtjn nurèo trmèèo men dpjrmt`des. g`s mspjat hmbjs t jms`jr td o`vj men rjaj`vjfjjnimab rjomrnèo m fkògt arjw‐s AYH nurèo m fkògt.

^gjrj s ed rjoukmtdry rjqu`rjhjet e Amemnm td tjmag tgj kmtjst ojejrmt`de df AYH trmèèo.Aurrjetky, tgj deky rjqu`rjhjets mrj tgdsj tgmt mrj njet`f`jn e AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10).

=.=?.7 Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet ijst prmatàjs

=.=?.7.= Ojejrmk

^gjrj mrj m euhijr df AYH ijst prmatàjs, wgàg mrj n`saussjn e QI Mv`mt`de @evjstòmt deYjpdrt M30M33=6. ^g`s sjat`de w`kk gògkògt sdhj AYH ijst prmatàjs ms tgjy mppky td QDSsmen agjabk`sts, prdikjh sdkvèo men nja`s`de hmbèo, arjw adhhueàmt`des men wdrbkdmnhmemojhjet.

=.=?.7.9 Q`tumt`demk mwmrjejss

Q`tumt`demk mwmrjejss s njfèjn ms ‛tgj adetèudus jxtrmat`de df jev`rdehjetmk efdrhmt`de,tgj etjormt`de df tg`s efdrhmt`de w`tg prjv`dus bedwkjnoj td fdrh m adgjrjet hjetmk pàturj,men tgj usj df tgmt pàturj e n`rjatèo furtgjr pjrajpt`de men metà`pmtèo futurj jvjets.‘ =96

Fkògt arjw mat`des ejjn td ij imsjn de tgj smhj uenjrstmenèo df tgj aurrjet stmtj df tgjm`rarmft, tgj ètjenjn fkògt pkme, men tgj tgrjmts td tgjsj mat`v`t`js è drnjr td pjrfdrh è maddrnèmtjn, jffà`jet, men smfj hmeejr. g`s adhhde uenjrstmenèo ijtwjje tgj arjwhjhijrs s rjfjrrjn td ms tjmh dr sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss. =9?,=97

@en`v`numk s`tumt demk mwmrjejss njsarìjs gdw m arjw hjhijr etjrprjts, prdljats men tmbjsmat`de de tgj hdhjet-td-hdhjet agmeojs e tgj m`rarmft stmtj. Qgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejssnjsarìjs gdw jmag p`kdt‐s mwmrjejss df tgj s`tumt`de ejjns td ij ades`stjet w`tg tgmt df tgjdtgjr p`kdt wg`kj wdrbèo de tgj smhj tmsbs. _gje tg`s uenjrstmenèo s ades`stjet, arjws amejffjat`vjky metà`pmtj men addrnèmtj tgj`r mat`des tdwmrn mag`jvèo tgj`r adhhde odmk.

Qgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss s njvjkdpjn men hmètmèjn iy m arjw tgrduog m euhijr dfn`sarjtj men adetèudus ijgmv`durs.

N`sarjtj ijgmv`durs eakunj fkògt pkmeeèo, e-fkògt ir`jfèos, men njet`fàmt`de df bjy pdètsè tgj fkògt, suag ms mttmèèo hè`huh mkt`tunjs. gjsj mat`v`t`js mrj pkmeejn agjabpdèts td

=96 QBPirmry, ‛Q`tumt`demk Mwmrjejss,‘ mvm kmikj mt gttp<//www.sbyirmry.mjrd/ènjx.pgp/Q`tumt`demkTMwmrjejss (kmst maajssjn de 36 Njajhijr 93=1)

=9? H.Y. Jenskjy, ‛^dwmrn m tgjdry df s`tumt`de mwmrjejss e nyemhà systjhs,‘ Guhme Fmatdrs (=00:i),1?(=), pmojs 19∙6>

=97 J. Qmkms, A. Srèaj, N.S. Imbjr, men K. Qgrjstgm, ‛Q`tumt`de mwmrjejss è tjmh pjrfdrhmeaj<@hpkàmt`des fdr hjmsurjhjet men trmèèo,‘ Guhme Fmatdrs (=00:), 1?, pmojs =91‑=16



- 79 -

njsarìj aurrjet stmtj men futurj pkmes men td prdv`nj me dppdrtue`ty fdr sjttèo, men agjabèotgmt mkk arjw hjhijrs gmvj, tgj smhj uenjrstmenèo.

Adetèudus ijgmv`durs eakunj tgrjmt men jrrdr hmemojhjet, amkkduts df agmeojs df m`rarmftstmtj men estruhjet sjttèo/hdnj, men adhhueàmt`de df agmeojs td pkmes. gjsj ijgmv`dursjesurj tgmt efdrhmt`de men stmtj agmeojs mrj adhhueàmtjn ijtwjje arjw hjhijrs td upnmtj

tgj sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss de me deodèo ims`s. Mkk df tgjsj mrj mspjats df AYH tgmtjemikj jffjat`vj arjw ètjrmat`des. Quag adetèudus ijgmv`durs mrj efkujeajn iy tgj trmèèomen dpjrmt`demk mpprdmag tmbje iy dpjrmtdrs.

@e mnn`t`de td tgj ijgmv`durs njsarìjn midvj, 9 dtgjr bjy mspjats df hmètmèèo sgmrjns`tumt`demk mwmrjejss mrj<

• Hde`tdrèo tgj rjmat`des men hddn df dtgjr arjw hjhijrs td njet`fy mey sòes tgmttgjy mrj adefusjn, ueadhfdrtmikj, dr n`sjeomojn, wgàg mrj pdtjet`mk enàmtdrs tgmt tgjsgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss `s irjmbèo ndwe2 men

• ^mbèo mpprdpr`mtj rjhjn`mk mat`de td rj-jeomoj tgj dtgjr arjw hjhijr men rjsdkvj

tgj`r adefus`de dr n`sadhfdrt.

=.=?.7.1 Srdikjh sdkvèo men nja`s`de hmbèo

QDSs rjprjsjet me hpdrtmet efdrhmt`de rjsduraj mvm`kmikj td p`kdts td mss`st w`tg prdikjhsdkvèo men nja`s`de hmbèo. QDSs mrj njsòejn td gjkp p`kdts dpjrmtj w`tgè drome`zmt`demkr`sb-hmemojhjet iduenmr`js men hmètmè s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss tgrduog tgj usj dfprjnjtjrhèjn prdajnurjs men stmenmrn`zjn pgrmsjdkdoy.

Fkògt-arjw prdikjh sdkvèo ame ij njsarìjn ms m hukt`-stjp prdajss, wgàg eakunjs nja`s`dehmbèo ms me ètjormk pmrt. ^gj arjw hust f`rst rjadoe`zj tgmt tgjrj `s m prdikjh, omtgjrèfdrhmt`de midut `t, men tgje usj tgmt èfdrhmt`de td njfèj tgj prdikjh. ^gjy hust tgjeprdnuaj pdssìkj sdkut`des, nja`nj wgàg sdkut`de `s ijst, men `hpkjhjet tgj sdkut`de. Fèmkky,tgjy hust jvmkumtj tgj rjsukts df tgj sdkut`de usjn td njtjrhèj wgjtgjr tgj prdikjh gms ijjesdkvjn. @f tgj prdikjh gms edt ijje sdkvjn, tgj arjw hmy ejjn td rjpjmt tgj prdajss. =90 Msjxpkmèjn e me jmrk`jr ^QI mv`mt`de evjstòmt`de rjpdrt< =13

Jffjat`vj nja`s`de hmbèo evdkvjs tgj maaurmtj uenjrstmenèo df tgjs`tumt`de, me mpprja`mt`de df tgj `hpkàmt`des df tgj aurrjet s`tumt`de,fdrhukmt`de df m pkme(s) men adetèojea`js, fdkkdwjn iy tgj `hpkjhjetmt`dedf tgj ijst adursj df mat`de. Jqumkky hpdrtmet s tgj arjw‐s mi`k`ty tdrjadoe`zj agmeojs e tgj`r s`tumt`de men td rjè`t`mtj tgj nja`s`de-hmbèoprdajss td jesurj tgmt agmeojs mrj maaduetjn fdr men pkmes hdn`f`jn

maadrnèoky.

=90 ^rmespdrt Amemnm, ^S =7: ‑ Mv`mt`de Qmfjty Kjttjr , @ssuj >/=000, `tjh :

=13 ^QI Mv`mt`de @evjstòmt`de Yjpdrt M30M33=6, sjat`de =.=7.9.6.9 ‑ Nja s`de Hmbèo



- 71 -

@emaaurmtj pjrajpt`de dr èmnjqumtj ades`njrmt`de df tgj pdtjet`mk `hpkàmt`des df m s`tumt`deèarjmsjs tgj r`sb tgmt m nja`s`de w`kk prdnuaj me mnvjrsj dutadhj tgmt hmy rjsukt è meuenjs`rjn m`rarmft stmtj.

@earjmsjn strjss kjvjks ame mnvjrsjky hpmat m p`kdt‐s mi`k`ty td pjraj`vj men jvmkumtj aujs frdhtgj jev`rdehjet, men hmy rjsukt è mttjet`demk emrrdwèo. =1= @e hmey amsjs, tg`s mttjet`demk

emrrdwèo ame kjmn td adef`rhmt`de i`ms, wgàg amusjs pjdpkj td sjjb dut aujs tgmt suppdrt tgjnjs`rjn adursj df mat`de, td tgj pdssìkj jxakus`de df ar`tàmk aujs tgmt hmy suppdrt me mktjremtj,kjss njs`rmikj gypdtgjs`s. =19 gj nmeojr tgmt tg`s pgjedhjede prjsjets s tgmt pdtjet`mkkysjr`dus dutadhjs hmy edt ij o`vje tgj mpprdpr`mtj kjvjk df ades`njrmt`de wgje njtjrhèèo tgjijst pdssìkj adursj df mat`de. Ms m rjsukt, t s arua`mk tgmt p`kdts adetèumkky rj-jvmkumtj tgj`rs`tumt`de td njtjrhèj wgjtgjr tgjy maaurmtjky pjraj`vj tgj s`tumt`de men wgjtgjr tgj pkme swdrbèo dut ms jxpjatjn dr m agmeoj è tgj pkme `s rjqu`rjn.

Medtgjr hpdrtmet mspjat df tgj nja`s`de-hmbèo prdajss s tgj adeajpt df sgmrjn hjetmkhdnjks. =11 Me en`v`numk‐s hjetmk hdnjk s kmrojky njpjenjet de tgj`r uenjrstmenèo df tgja`rauhstmeajs, jxpjatmt`des midut tgj futurj, men pmst jxpjr`jeaj. gj jxpjr`jeaj, dr

bedwkjnoj, tgmt pjrsdes irèo td m s`tumt`de pkmys m sòe`fàmet rdkj e tgj`r nja`s`de-hmbèoprdajss.

@e m arjw jev`rdehjet, jvjry jffdrt sgdukn ij hmnj td mkòe hjetmk hdnjks. @f tgj arjw `suemikj td mkòe hjetmk hdnjks nuj td n`ffjrjeajs e pjrsdemk`ty dr adhhueàmt`de stykj, ar`tàmkèfdrhmt`de hmy edt ij maaduetjn fdr wgje ades`njrèo tgj pdtjet`mk hpkàmt`des df m s`tumt`demen nurèo tgj fdrhukmt`de df pkmes men adetèojea`js. Frdh m AYH stmenpdèt, jffjat`vjadhhueàmt`de pkmys m ar`tàmk rdkj e tgj mkòehjet df tgj arjw‐s hjetmk hdnjks. Gdwjvjr,tgjsj adhhueàmt`de sb`kks rjqu`rj prmatàj men rjèfdrajhjet td ij jffjat`vj, pmrtàukmrkynurèo pjr`dns df gòg wdrbkdmn, suag ms nurèo me èstruhjet mpprdmag dr me miedrhmks`tumt`de.

=.=?.7.> Arjw adhhueàmt`des

@e drnjr td mkòe hjetmk hdnjks, hprdvj arjw s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss, men dpt`h`zj tgjnja`s`de-hmbèo prdajss, arjws hust ij jffjat`vj adhhueàmtdrs. g`s rjqu`rjhjet ame ij magmkkjeoj e tgj adabp`t wgje fmajn w`tg t`hj prjssurj, miedrhmk s`tumt`des, men adhpjtèopr`dr`t`js. d jemikj p`kdts td adhhueàmtj jffjat`vjky e gòg wdrbkdmn s`tumt`des, QDSsprdv`nj stmenmrn pgrmsjdkdoy, wgàg jemikjs rmp`n adhhueàmt`de men uenjrstmenèo.

Hdnjre AYH prdormhs gògkògt imrr`jrs td jffjat`vj adhhueàmt`de men prdv`nj hukt`pkjadhhueàmt`de strmtjo`js tgmt mkkdw en`v`numks td sjkjat tgj hdst mpprdpr`mtj strmtjoynjpjenèo de tgj sjvjr`ty df tgj s`tumt`de, tgj t`hj mvm`kmikj, men tgj dtgjr pjrsde(s) evdkvjn

è tgj adhhueàmt`de prdajss.

=1= Ydymk Mjrdemutàmk Qda`jty, AYH Qtmenèo Ordup, Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet (Kdende, ZB< =000)

=19 A.N. _àbjes men L.O. Gdkkmens, Jeoèjjrèo Ssyagdkdoy men Guhme Sjrfdrhmeaj, 1rn jn`t`de (SrjetàjGmkk, Ejw Ljrsjy< =000)

=11 ^.K. Qjmhstjr, Y.J. Yjnnèo, men O.K. Bmjhpf, Mppk`jn Adoe`t`vj ^msb Memkys`s è Mv`mt`de (MsgomtjSuik`sgèo, Mknjrsgdt, ZB< =00?)



- 7> -

Arjw hjhijrs hust fjjk adhfdrtmikj e prdv`nèo eput td m amptmè td mss`st nja`s`de hmbèo.Hdnjre AYH trmèèo jeadurmojs FDs td mssjrt tgjhsjkvjs. Gdwjvjr, sjkf-mssjrt`de ame ij vjryn`ffàukt fdr sdhj pjdpkj, men èjffjat`vj mssjrt`de gms ijje m fmatdr è dtgjr maa`njets. =1> Dftjeèjffjat`vj mssjrt`de s kèbjn w`tg ejffjat`vj adhhueàmt`de. Hdnjre AYH trmèèospja`fàmkky mnnrjssjs tgjsj `ssujs.

@t s ojejrmkky maajptjn tgmt arjw hjhijrs sgdukn mssjrt tgjhsjkvjs wgje tgjy mrj uesurj dfsdhjtgèo dr f tgjrj s m ojeuèj adeajre midut tgj aurrjet adursj df mat`de. @njmkky, ndèo sdijoès w`tg ede-tgrjmtjeèo stmtjhjets dr qujst`des. @f tgdsj jffdrts fm`k td mnnrjss tgj adeajre,tgje m hdrj mssjrt`vj mpprdmag hust ij tmbje. Q. Njbbjr jxpkmès, e Nr`ft ètd Fm`kurj, tgmt< =1:

… tgj adkkmidrmt`vj dpjrmt`de df hmagèjry e t`hj ar`tàmk s`tumt`des mssuhjs tgjusj df ueh`tòmtjn kmeoumoj ‚ kmeoumoj tgmt ndjse‐t gjnoj, qumk`fy, wjmbje drsdftje, iut tgmt njk`vjrs uevmre`sgjn men uemhiòudus hjssmojs. Sjdpkjojejrmkky gmvj m rjmkky gmrn t`hj ndèo tgmt, ijamusj tgjy mrj edt tgj hmagèjtgjy mrj dpjrmtèo. gjy mrj pjdpkj, w`tg fjjkèos men sda`mk jxpjatmt`des midut

rjkmt`desg`ps. Deky adestmet trmèèo men èndatrèmt`de, ms wjkk ms pds`t`vjrjèfdrajhjet, ame gjkp iu`kn adef`njeaj men maajptmeaj fdr tgj usj dfueh`tòmtjn kmeoumoj.

Jsamkmt`de e adhhueàmt`de strmtjo`js ame ij n`ffàukt. @f FDs mrj jxpjatjn td mssjrt tgjhsjkvjs,tgjy hust ij prdv`njn w`tg tgj prdpjr kjvjk df trmèèo e adhhueàmt`de jsamkmt`de strmtjo`jsmen ij o`vje me dppdrtue`ty td prmat`sj tgdsj sb`kks.

=.=?.7.: Jsamkmt`de df mssjrt`de iy f`rst dffàjrs

Dej suag AYH adhhueàmt`de tddk `s tgj Srdièo, Mkjrtèo, Agmkkjeoèo, men Jhjrojeay_mreèo (SMAJ) Hdnjk. =16 ^gj SMAJ hdnjk prdv`njs p`kdts, jspja`mkky FDs, w`tg m sjr`js dfadhhueàmt`de strmtjo`js njsòejn td mkkdw fdr m emturmk jsamkmt`de df mssjrt`de, njpjenèo detgj a`rauhstmeajs mt tgj t`hj. Jsamkmt`de ame ij prdorjss`vj dr hhjn`mtj njpjenèo de tgjtgrjmt kjvjk `njet`f`jn.

^gj SMAJ hdnjk stmrts w`tg tgj usj df prdièo men uemhiòudus qujst`des wgje smfjty `s edtè ljdpmrny men tgjrj `s t`hj td msb qujst`des. ^g`s stjp `s ndej td `hprdvj tgj arjw‐suenjrstmenèo df tgj s`tumt`de men td gjkp mkòe hjetmk hdnjks e m ede-tgrjmtjeèo wmy.

^gj ejxt stjp è tgj prdajss `s td mkjrt tgj dtgjr p`kdt df tgj adeajre. Mt tg`s stmoj, tgj èn`v`numkvdàjs m spja`fà adeajre td hmbj surj tgmt tgj dtgjr pjrsde uenjrstmens tgj adeajre. g`s hmyij ndej j`tgjr mftjr prdièo dr hhjn`mtjky f tgj p`kdt stmtèo tgj adeajre uenjrstmens tgmt tgj

=1> ^QI mv`mt`de èvjstòmt`de rjpdrts M3?A333= men M30M33=6

=1: Q. Njbbjr, Nr`ft @etd Fm`kurj (Msgomtj Suik`sgèo< 93==), pmoj =:9

=16 Y.D. Ijsad, ‛^d @etjrvjej dr Edt ^d @etjrvjej4 ^gj Ad-S`kdt‐s Amtag 99,‘ (è< Srdajjnèos df tgj^wjety-F`ftg @etjremt`demk Qjhèmr df tgj @etjremt`demk Qda`jty df M`r Qmfjty @evjstòmtdrs fdruh, 9?(:), 0>-=3=, mvm`kmikj mt gttp<//www.arh-njvjk.dro/rjsdurajs/pmpjr/SMAJ.SNF (kmst maajssjn de 36Njajhijr 93=1)



- 7: -

aurrjet adursj df mat`de `s edt mpprdpr`mtj. Zemhiòudus men n`rjat kmeoumoj `s jssjet`mk fdr mejffjat`vj mkjrt.

^gj tg`rn stjp e tgj jsamkmtèo prdajss s m agmkkjeoèo stmtjhjet. gj agmkkjeoj stmtjhjetuemhiòudusky prjsjets tgj dtgjr pjrsde w`tg m akjmr njsar`pt`de df tgj adesjqujeajsmssda`mtjn w`tg adetèuèo de m pmrtàukmr adursj df mat`de, men prdv`njs me mktjremt`vj adursj

df mat`de.

^gj fèmk stjp `s jhjrojeay etjrvjet`de, w`tg tgj SEF tmbèo dvjr adetrdk df tgj m`rarmft es`tumt`des w`tg nmeojr dr wgjrj t`hj s ar`tàmk. mikj == prdv`njs me jxjhpkmr mppkàmt`de dftgj SMAJ hdnjk jsamkmtèo td tgj pdèt df tmbèo adetrdk.

^mikj ==. Jxjhpkmr mppkàmt`de df tgj SMAJ hdnjk jsamkmtèo td tgj pdèt df tmbèo adetrdk

S ∙ prdièo ‛Amptmè, mrj ydu sgdwèo us ijkdw tgj ok`njskdpj4‘

M ∙ mkjrtèo ‛Amptmè, @ sgdw us = ndt ijkdw tgj ok`njskdpj.‘

A ∙ agmkkjeoèo‛Amptmè, wj mrj njsajenèo furtgjr ijkdw tgj ok`njskdpj. _j mrj mt r`sb df

armsgèo. _j gmvj td od mrduen.‘J ∙ jhjrojeay ‛Amptmè, @ gmvj adetrdk. Od mrduen, hmx pdwjr, fkmps =3.‘

_g`kj tgj SMAJ hdnjk prdv`njs m sjr`js df adhhueàmt`de strmtjo`js tgmt rmeoj frdh ede-tgrjmtjeèo td vjry n`rjat`vj, tgj en`v`numk ndjs edt gmvj td stmrt mt tgj ijoèeèo df tgj hdnjk`f tgj s`tumt`de nàtmtjs dtgjrw`sj. @f ejjnjn, me èn`v`numk ame od n`rjatky frdh prdij tdjhjrojeay, dr e sdhj nrmstà s`tumt`des, n`rjatky td tgj jhjrojeay stmtjhjet. gj uenjrkyèoprèa`pkj ijgèn tg`s hdnjk `s td jesurj tgmt mkk pmrt`js uenjrstmen tgj s`tumt`de men tgmtjvjrydej s tgèbèo e m s`h`kmr wmy rjomrnèo tgj prdpdsjn adursj df mat`de.

@e jffjat, tgj hdnjk mkkdws tgj drome`zmt`de td o`vj tgj FD tgj rjspdesì`k`ty td edt deky tmbj

adetrdk iut td mksd tmbj adhhmen df tgj m`rarmft frdh tgj amptmè wgje ejajssmry. Mnn`t`demkky,men `hpdrtmetky, `t njkjomtjs td tgj FD tgj mutgdr`ty td nd sd.

@njmkky, tgj hdnjk sgdukn ij suppdrtjn iy adhpmey pg`kdsdpgy, mnnrjssjn è me drome`zmt`de‐spdkày, men hpkjhjetjn iy prdajnurjs austdh`zjn td tgj dpjrmtdr‐s ejjns. Srmatàmk trmèèosjss`des mrj ejajssmry td rjèfdraj tgj pg`kdsdpgàmk, pdkày-rjkmtjn, men prdajnurmk adeajptsmen pgrmsjdkdoy tgrduog tgj`r mppkàmt`de è rjmk`stà dpjrmt`demk sajemr`ds.

@evjstòmt`des iy tgj QI men dtgjr etjremt`demk mojea`js gmvj ndauhjetjn ea`njets menmaa`njets wgjrj tgj FD hògt gmvj tmbje adetrdk frdh tgj amptmè.

De 91 Luky 93==, m Q`bdrsby Q-09M gjkàdptjr njpmrtjn me dffsgdrj vjssjk. gj amptmè‐s adetrdkèputs rjsuktjn e m 91³ edsj-gòg, njajkjrmtèo p`tag mtt`tunj. gj amptmè, suitky èampma`tmtjnpdssìky nuj td spmt`mk n`sdr`jetmt`de, n`n edt mppky adetrdk èputs td rjadvjr frdh tgj ueusumkmtt`tunj. g`s emat`de adetrìutjn td tgj jxajss`vj mhduet df mkt`tunj tgmt wms kdst nurèo tgjèmnvjrtjet njsajet. Adetrmry td wgmt `s stmtjn è tgj twd-agmkkjeoj rukj è tgj dpjrmtdr‐s QDSs,tgj f`rst dffàjr n`n edt tmbj adetrdk df tgj gjkàdptjr wgje tgj mpprdpr`mtj mat`de wms edt tmbje



- 76 -

td rjadvjr frdh tgj èmnvjrtjet njsajet. ^gj njsajet wms mrrjstjn 17 fjjt midvj tgj surfmaj dftgj wmtjr. gj gjkàdptjr wms edt nmhmojn, men ed dej wms elurjn. =1?

De 99 Hmy 93=3, m I?1?-733 dvjrrme tgj ruewmy nurèo kmenèo mt Hmeomkdrj, @en`m. ^gjm`rarmft wms njstrdyjn2 tgjrj wjrj =:7 fmtmk`t`js men 7 surv`vdrs. gj f`rst dffàjr gmn njet`f`jntgmt tgj mpprdmag wms uestmikj men mnv`sjn tgj amptmè td od mrduen 1 t`hjs, iut tgj amptmè

adetèujn tgj mpprdmag td m kmenèo. ^gj f`rst dffàjr n`n edt tmbj adetrdk df tgj m`rarmft è tgjnjtjr`drmtèo s`tumt`de. ^gj èvjstòmt`de a`tjn mhiòu`ty è vmr`dus èstruat`des jhpdwjrèotgj f`rst dffàjr td e`t`mtj m od-mrduen ms m adetrìutdry fmatdr td tgj maa`njet. =17

De 3? Hmrag 933?, m I?1?->33 m`rarmft dvjrrme tgj ruewmy nurèo kmenèo mt Pdoymbmrtm,@endejs`m. gj m`rarmft wms njstrdyjn2 tgjrj wjrj 9= fmtmk`t`js men ==0 surv`vdrs. gj amptmèwms tgj p`kdt fkyèo men adetèujn me uestmikj mpprdmag td m kmenèo, njsp`tj adhpmeyprdajnurjs tgmt rjqu`rjn m od-mrduen. Adetrmry td adhpmey estruat`des, tgj f`rst dffàjr n`nedt tmbj adetrdk df tgj m`rarmft frdh tgj amptmè wgje tgj amptmè rjpjmtjnky oedrjn wmreèostd od mrduen. =10

=.=?.7.6

_drbkdmn hmemojhjet

_drbkdmn `s m fueat`de df tgj euhijr df tmsbs tgmt hust ij adhpkjtjn w`tgè m o`vje mhduet dft`hj. @f tgj euhijr df tmsbs tgmt hust ij adhpkjtjn èarjmsjs, dr `f t`hj mvm`kmikj njarjmsjs,wdrbkdmn earjmsjs. gjrjfdrj, e drnjr td rjnuaj wdrbkdmn, dej hust j`tgjr rjnuaj tgj euhijrdf tmsbs tgmt hust ij adhpkjtjn dr earjmsj tgj t`hj mvm`kmikj td adhpkjtj tgdsj tmsbs. msbsmturmt`de `s m aden`t`de wgjrjè tgj euhijr df tmsbs td ij adhpkjtjn è m o`vje t`hj jxajjnstgj p`kdts‐ ampma`ty td pjrfdrh tgjh, men sdhj tmsbs mrj sgjn dr njfjrrjn.

^gj ènustry stmenmrn fdr hukt`-arjw m`rarmft `s td njsòemtj = arjw hjhijr ms SF men tgj dtgjrp`kdt ms SEF dr p`kdt hde`tdrèo (SH). g`s n`v`s`de df nut`js gjkps dpt`h`zj arjw jffà`jeay,prjvjet tmsb smturmt`de, men jesurj tgmt jrrdrs mrj trmppjn ijfdrj tgjy kjmn td me uenjs`rjnm`rarmft stmtj dr mnvjrsj adesjqujeaj.

^gj SF s rjspdesìkj fdr adetrdkkèo tgj m`rarmft, men tgj SEF/SH s rjspdesìkj fdr gmenkèodtgjr arjw nut`js rjkmtjn td rmn`d adhhueàmt`des, agjabk`st hmemojhjet, hde`tdrèo tgjmat`des df tgj SF, men hde`tdrèo tgj prdorjss df tgj fkògt. _`tgè tgj pmst njamnj, tgjrj gmsijje m sg`ft frdh tgj SEF njsòemt`de td SH. ^gj rjmsde fdr tg`s sg`ft `s td jhpgms`zj tgjejajss`ty df hde`tdrèo tgj m`rarmft stmtj men mat`des df tgj SF. =>3

^gj prdpjr mkkdamt`de df rjspdesì`k`t`js e m adabp`t gjkps frjj up ar`tàmk hjetmk ampma`ty sdtgmt arjw hjhijrs mrj ijttjr mikj td prdajss aujs frdh tgj jev`rdehjet, hmbèo `t jms`jr tdnjtjat njv`mt`des frdh tgj pkmeejn adursj df mat`de. @f m fkògt arjw stmrts td fmkk ijgèn, tgjy

=1? ^QI Mv`mt`de @evjstòmt`de Yjpdrt M==G333=

=17 Odvjrehjet df @en`m, Hè`stry df A`v`k Mv`mt`de èvjstòmt`de rjpdrt, 1= Datdijr 93=3

=10 Yjpuikà df @endejs`m Emt`demk ^rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Adhh`ttjj rjpdrt BEB^/3?.36/39.39.1:

=>3 Y.K. Quhwmkt, Y.L. ^gdhms, men B. N shubjs, Jegmeaèo Fkògt-arjw Hde`tdrèo Qb`kks Ame @earjmsjFkògt Qmfjty, Fkògt Qmfjty Fduenmt`de (9330)



- 7? -

ame quàbky fèn tgjhsjkvjs uenjr earjmsjn t`hj prjssurj. g`s s`tumt`de ame amusj wdrbkdmnkjvjks td rjmag ar`tàmk kjvjks. _gje tgmt gmppjes, tgj jxtrm hjetmk ampma`ty rjqu`rjn td amtag upw`tg wgmt‐s gmppjeèo ame kjmn td aujs frdh tgj jev`rdehjet odèo uenjtjatjn.

Fdr jxmhpkj, `f m fkògt arjw `s rusgjn de fèmk mpprdmag, tgjy hmy fèn `t gmrnjr td njtjat menadrrjat fdr fkògt pmtg njv`mt`des. @f m fkògt arjw fèns tgjhsjkvjs e me jxajss`vj wdrbkdmn

s`tumt`de, tgjy hust tmbj hjmsurjs td rjnuaj tgj`r wdrbkdmn, jspja`mkky wgje e m ar`tàmk pgmsjdf fkògt, suag ms nurèo mpprdmag men kmenèo. Dej df tgj tjage`qujs mvm`kmikj td fkògt arjwswgd fèn tgjhsjkvjs ejmrèo tmsb smturmt`de, dr è me uesmfj pds`t`de wg`kj de fèmk mpprdmag,`s td jxjautj m od-mrduen. Frdh m wdrbkdmn hmemojhjet stmenpdèt, jxjautèo m od-mrduenprdv`njs tgj fkògt arjw w`tg mnn`t`demk t`hj td ojt amuogt up, sd tgmt wdrbkdmn kjvjks ame ijrjnuajn td maajptmikj kjvjks ijfdrj mttjhptèo medtgjr mpprdmag. Medtgjr hjmes df hmemoèowdrbkdmn s td earjmsj t`hj mvm`kmikj iy hdn`fyèo tgj mpprdmag prdf`kj (`.j., rjnuaj spjjn,hmbj m 163³ ture, men etjrajpt fèmk mpprdmag furtgjr frdh tgj ruewmy).

Smoj 31.=:.= df tgj MDH Vdkuhj = n`rjats usjrs td tgj adhpmey FDH fdr m adhpkjtj dutkèj dftgj nut`js men rjspdesì`k`t`js df fkògt arjw hjhijrs. gj FDH njsarìjs tgj nut`js men

rjspdesì`k`t`js df tgj amptmè men tgj FD e sjat`des =.:.? men =.:.7, rjspjat`vjky. F`rst M`rnjsòemtjs arjw hjhijrs ms SF men SEF. Nut`js men rjspdesì`k`t`js df tgj SF men SEF mrjnjsarìjn è njtm`k tgrduogdut tgj MDH Vdkuhj =.

=.=?.0 Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo mt F`rst M`r

=.=?.0.= Ojejrmk

@e maadrnmeaj w`tg rjoukmt`des, F`rst M`r prdv`njs e`t`mk men rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo td mkkfkògt arjw. F`rst M`r‐s e`t`mk AYH adursj s tmuogt nurèo ejw-g`rj orduen sagddks, wg`kjrjaurrjet AYH trmèèo s prdv`njn mt tgj vmr`dus F`rst M`r imsjs.

F`rst M`r‐s AYH trmèèo rjqu`rjhjets mrj dutkèjn e tgj F`rst M`r Fkògt Dpjrmt`des rmèèo Hmeumk (FD^H), wgàg wms mpprdvjn iy A. ^gjsj rjqu`rjhjets h`hà tgdsj dutkèjn eAMQQ ?9:.=9>(10), w`tg tgj jxajpt`de tgmt F`rst M`r mksd èakunjs ldèt arjw hjhijr trmèèo ehmemoèo de-idmrn sjaur`ty tgrjmts.

^gj FD^H stmtjs tgmt tgj diljat`vj df F`rst M`r‐s AYH trmèèo s td ‛jesurj tgmt smfj, jffà`jetmen prd-mat`vj tgèbèo, adhhueàmt`des men mat`des mhdeo arjw hjhijrs mrj uenjrstddnmen prmatàjn.‘ =>= _g`kj Â èspjatdrs gmvj mttjenjn F`rst M`r orduen sagddk adursjs è tgjpmst, tgjrj `s ed rjadrn df Â èspjatdrs jvjr mttjenèo dej df F`rst M`r‐s è`t`mk AYH adursjsnurèo tgdsj orduen sagddk adursjs. Ms m rjsukt, tgjrj s ed rjadrn df Â gmvèo vjr`f`jn tgmtF`rst M`r‐s AYH trmèèo prdormh hjt tgj mppkàmikj AMQQ.

M rjv`jw df tgj amptmè‐s trmèèo rjadrn sgdwjn tgmt tgj amptmè adhpkjtjn g`s e`t`mk AYHtrmèèo de => Fjirumry =00?. gj amptmè‐s kmst rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo mt F`rst M`r wmsadhpkjtjn de =0 Edvjhijr 93=3, w`tg me jxp`ry nmtj df 3= Njajhijr 93==.

=>= F`rst M`r Fkògt Dpjrmt`des ^rmèèo Hmeumk (FD^H), Mhjenhjet ed. :0 (9= Luej 93==), Smrt =, Agmptjr=3.93.=, Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet rmèèo, Diljat`vjs, pmoj =3.93.>



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M rjv`jw df tgj FD‐s trmèèo rjadrn sgdwjn tgmt tgj FD adhpkjtjn g`s e`t`mk AYH trmèèo de97 Qjptjhijr 933? nurèo g`s è`t`mk orduen sagddk mt F`rst M`r. De tgj smhj nmy, tgj FD mksdadhpkjtjn me ‛@etrdnuat`de td QHQ‘ sjss`de, trmèèo de ldèt sjaur`ty, men trmèèo de sjaur`tyrjqu`rjhjets fdr trmvjkkèo td tgj ZQ. ^gj FD‐s kmst rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo mt F`rst M`r wmsadhpkjtjn de 30 Hmrag 93==, w`tg me jxp`ry nmtj df 3= Mpr`k 93=9.

=.=?.0.9 F`rst M`r è`t`mk arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet adursj

^QI evjstòmtdrs rjv`jwjn men disjrvjn F`rst M`r‐s e`t`mk AYH adursj. gj adursj wmsadenuatjn w`tg m ordup df > ejw-g`rj p`kdts, wgd wjrj tmbèo pmrt è tgj M^Y->9 orduensagddk. gj trmèèo wms sagjnukjn fdr = nmy, men eakunjn tgj fdkkdwèo tdpàs< arjw rjsdurajhmemojhjet, etjrfjrjeaj w`tg arjw hjhijrs, men ldèt sjaur`ty.

^gj e`t`mk AYH adursj nurmt`de wms >.: gdurs. gj adursj eakunjn prjsjetmt`des de sjkjatjnAYH tdpàs, v`njds, 9 amsj stun`js, 9 =:-hèutj irjmbs, men m :3-hèutj kueag irjmb. Dej amsjstuny mnnrjssjn m adhpmey daaurrjeaj, men tgj dtgjr mnnrjssjn m =00: daaurrjeaj. @e mnn`t`de,

9 v`njds wjrj sgdwe nurèo tgj adursj. gj f`rst v`njd (mpprdx`hmtjky =7 hèutjs kdeo) wmsrjkmtjn td fmtòuj, men tgj sjaden v`njd (>? hèutjs) fdrhjn tgj ims`s df tgj fèmk amsj stuny.Qjj ^mikj =9 fdr m adhpmr`sde df tgj AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10) rjoukmtdry rjqu`rjhjets men tgj F`rst M`rè`t`mk AYH adursj mttjenjn iy ^QI èvjstòmtdrs.

^gj èvjstòmt`de njtjrhèjn tgmt tgj hmtjr`mk prjsjetjn nurèo F`rst M`r‐s è`t`mk AYH adursj,w`tg tgj jxajpt`de df tgj 9 amsj stun`js, dròèmtjn frdh Â‐s ^S=1670J Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet trmèèo pmabmoj. F`rst M`r puragmsjn tgj Â AYH trmèèo hmtjr`mk è tgj jmrky9333s, men gms ijje usèo tgmt hmtjr`mk sèaj tgje fdr `ts è`t`mk AYH adursj.

^mikj =9. Adhpmr`sde df AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10) AYH è`t`mk trmèèo rjqu`rjhjets men F`rst M`r è`t`mk AYHadursj

Yjoukmtdry rjqu`rjhjet RAMQQ ?9:.=9>(10)(m)) F`rst M`r è`t`mk AYH adursj (31 Mpr`k 93=9)

Mtt`tunjs men ijgmv`durs Edt prjsjetjn

Adhhueàmt`des sb`kks Adhhueàmt`de

Srdikjh sdkvèo Edt prjsjetjn

Guhme fmatdrs Guhme fmatdrs ‑ Fmtòuj men strjss

Adefkàt rjsdkut`de Edt prjsjetjn

Nja`s`de hmbèo Edt prjsjetjn

^jmh iu`knèo men hmètjemeaj Kjmnjrsg`p men tjmh iu`knèo

Q`tumt`demk mwmrjejss (edt rjqu`rjn iy rjoukmt`de)

_drbkdmn hmemojhjet Edt prjsjetjn

Gdwjvjr, F`rst M`r ndjs edt mkkdamtj 9 nmys fdr tgj è`t`mk AYH trmèèo, ms wms ètjenjn iy Â.@e drnjr td hjjt dtgjr trmèèo rjqu`rjhjets, F`rst M`r‐s e`t`mk AYH adursj gms ijje rjnuajn tdm pdrt`de df = nmy. ^g`s prmatàj gms ijje è pkmaj fdr sjvjrmk yjmrs, men `s ades`stjet w`tg tgjdaaurrjeaj FD‐s trmèèo rjadrns, wgàg sgdwjn tgmt gj rjaj`vjn trmèèo advjrèo 1 dtgjrsuiljats de tgj smhj nmy ms g`s è`t`mk AYH adursj. ^d rjhmè w`tgè tgj mkkdamtjn t`hj fdr



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è`t`mk AYH trmèèo nurèo tgj ejw-g`rj adursj, : df tgj suiljats rjqu`rjn iy AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10)mrj edt tmuogt nurèo F`rst M`r‐s è`t`mk AYH adursj (^mikj =9).

Mktgduog tgj Â AYH hmtjr`mk `s nmtjn, sjvjrmk adrj AYH sb`kks mrj mnnrjssjn iut wjrj edtprjsjetjn nurèo F`rst M`r‐s è`t`mk AYH adursj. @e pmrtàukmr, tgj ‛Mtt`tunjs men Ijgmv`durs‘prjsjetmt`de n`saussjs mssjrt`vj ijgmv`dr men dffjrs m fdrhmt tgmt p`kdts ame usj td arjmtj me

mssjrt`vj stmtjhjet. gmt hdnukj mksd eakunjs = sk`nj tgmt ir`jfky dutkèjs tgj SMAJ hdnjk. gjÂ ‛Srdikjh Qdkvèo men Nja`s`de Hmbèo‘ hdnukj èakunjs m nja`s`de-hmbèo hdnjk menn`saussjs t`hj prjssurj men ts hpmat de wdrbkdmn. gj A ‛Adefkàt Yjsdkut`de‘ prjsjetmt`demnv`sjs tgmt mngjrjeaj td QDSs s dej wmy df prjvjetèo adefkàt, men mnvdamtjs tgj usj df QDSstd rjsdkvj n`sarjpmea`js e tgj adabp`t. gj ‛_drbkdmn Hmemojhjet‘ prjsjetmt`de n`saussjs tgj`hpmat df wdrbkdmn de m fkògt arjw‐s mi`k`ty td mttjen td jev`rdehjetmk aujs, men t mnv`sjs tgmttgj fm`kurj td sgmrj èfdrhmt`de dr rjspden td equ`r`js men njv`mt`des frdh jstmik`sgjnprdajnurjs s m wmreèo sòe tgmt sdhjdej hmy ij mpprdmagèo tmsb smturmt`de.

F`rst M`r‐s è`t`mk AYH adursj `s tmuogt iy = df 9 orduen trmèèo èstruatdrs. Dej èstruatdrsjrvjs ms tgj pr`hmry AYH èstruatdr. ^gj dtgjr èn`v`numk adenuats è`t`mk AYH trmèèo deky

wgje tgj pr`hmry èstruatdr `s edt mvm`kmikj. Idtg df tgj orduen trmèèo èstruatdrs mt F`rst M`rgmvj jxtjes`vj jxpjr`jeaj tjmagèo tjageàmk adursjs td fkògt arjw men hmètjemeaj pjrsdeejk.Ej`tgjr df tgj AYH estruatdrs gmn rjaj`vjn mey fdrhmk AYH fma`k`tmtdr/èstruatdr trmèèo drmaarjn`tmt`de td prdv`nj AYH trmèèo, edr wms t rjqu`rjn iy rjoukmt`de. Idtg estruatdrsnjhdestrmtjn m strdeo ijk`jf è tgj vmkuj df AYH trmèèo ms m wmy df jegmeaèo dpjrmt`des mtF`rst M`r.

Nurèo tgj e`t`mk AYH adursj mttjenjn iy tgj ^QI, pmrtà`pmt`de frdh tgj adursj mttjenjjs wmsvjry kdw. gj èstruatdr hmnj sjvjrmk kdw-kjvjk fma`k`tmt`de =>9 mttjhpts td nrmw tgj ordup ètdtgj vmr`dus n`sauss`des, dftje iy msbèo akdsjn-jenjn qujst`des. Njsp`tj g`s jffdrts, tgjèstruatdr jxpjr`jeajn n`ffàukt`js ojttèo tgj mttjenjjs evdkvjn e tgj adursj, men tgj

n`sauss`de wms dftje hdvjn mkdeo iy tgj èstruatdr td mvd`n njkmyèo tgj adursj.

=.=?.0.1 F`rst M`r rjaurrjet arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo

Ms njet`f`jn jmrk`jr e tgj rjpdrt, tgj rjoukmtdry rjqu`rjhjets fdr rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo ndedt `njet`fy mey spja`fà AYH suiljats tgmt hust ij tmuogt, men tgjrj `s ed rjqu`rjhjet tdrjv`jw mey df tgj AYH tdpàs advjrjn nurèo è`t`mk AYH trmèèo.

F`rst M`r‐s I?1? rjaurrjet ldèt AYH trmèèo `s njsarìjn de pmoj 9:.13.6 df `ts FD^H (MKed. 1?, nmtjn 3= Mpr`k 9336). gj trmèèo t`hj mkkdamtjn s 9.9: gdurs fdr tgj AYH-rjkmtjnpdrt`de df tgj trmèèo, men medtgjr =.?: gdurs fdr tgj jvmaumt`de nr`kks. gj tdpàs njsarìjnadèa`nj w`tg tgj tjhs k`stjn uenjr AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10)(i).

Yjaurrjet AYH trmèèo mt F`rst M`r s typàmkky ndej mt tgj vmr`dus adhpmey imsjs. _gjejvjrpdssìkj, tgj pr`hmry AYH estruatdr tjmagjs tgj adursj. Gdwjvjr, dtgjr trmèèo p`kdts mt tgjrjhdtj imsjs w`kk rue rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo sjss`des f tgj pr`hmry AYH estruatdr s edtmvm`kmikj.

=>9 Qjj sjat`de =.=?.=3 fdr m njsar`pt`de df kdw-kjvjk fma`k`tmt`de.



- 03 -

^gj QI mksd mttjenjn dej df F`rst M`r‐s rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo sjss`des mt tgj adhpmey‐s hmèimsj è Dttmwm. ^g`s sjss`de wms tmuogt iy tgj adhpmey‐s pr`hmry AYH èstruatdr, men wmspmrt df m fukk nmy df ldèt rjaurrjet trmèèo de amiè jvmaumt`de, f`rjfògtèo, AYH, etjrfjrjeajw`tg arjw hjhijrs, men ldèt sjaur`ty. F`vj M^Y->9 p`kdts men 1 fkògt mttjenmets pmrtà`pmtjnè tgj trmèèo.

^gj AYH trmèèo nurmt`de wms 9 gdurs ? hèutjs, èakunèo m =:-hèutj irjmb. ^dpàs ir`jfjnèakunjn kjmnjrsg`p, tjmh iu`knèo, mtt`tunjs, adhhueàmt`de, nja`s`de hmbèo, ordup aukturj,QDSs, men m amsj stuny df m F`rst M`r M^Y->9 daaurrjeaj. Nurmt`de mkkdamtjn td jmag tdpàrmeojn frdh : td =: hèutjs. QDSs wjrj njsarìjn ms m hjmes td `njet`fy rdkjs, trmp jrrdrs menou`nj ordup pjrfdrhmeaj. ^gjy mrj mksd usjn ms m sduraj df stmenmrn pgrmsjdkdoy td jk`hèmtjh`sadhhueàmt`de men hè`h`zj h`suenjrstmenèo.

Zek`bj tgj e`t`mk AYH adursj adetjet, wgàg nmtjs imab td tgj h`n-=003s, sdhj df tgj hmtjr`mkadvjrjn nurèo tgj rjaurrjet AYH adursj eakunjn jkjhjets df hdrj rjajet ojejrmt`des dfAYH trmèèo, suag ms tgrjmt-men-jrrdr hmemojhjet adeajpts.

=.=?.=3 Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo fma`k`tmt`de

@t s w`njky maajptjn tgmt tgj jffjat`vjejss df AYH trmèèo s kmrojky njpjenjet de tgj qumk`tydf tgj njk`vjry, men tgmt tgj usj df gòg-kjvjk fma`k`tmt`de `s dej df tgj bjys td tgj suaajss dfAYH trmèèo. =>1 Fma`k`tmt`de n`ffjrs frdh trmn`t`demk ‛èstruat`de‘ e tgmt fma`k`tmt`de s mtjage`quj ‛tgmt gjkps trmèjjs td n`sadvjr fdr tgjhsjkvjs wgmt s mpprdpr`mtj men jffjat`vj, etgj adetjxt df tgj`r dwe jxpjr`jeaj men a`rauhstmeajs.‘ =>>

Fma`k`tmt`de s dftje njsarìjn e tjrhs df gòg, hjnùh, men kdw. Gòg-kjvjk fma`k`tmt`de sjjs tgjèstruatdr s`hpky ou`nèo tgj pmrtà`pmets tgrduog tgj kjmreèo prdajss. ^g`s ou`nmeaj `stypàmkky ndej usèo dpje-jenjn qujst`des, jeadurmoèo n`sauss`de, men mvd`nèo meswjrèoydur dwe qujst`des dr hdvèo mkdeo tdd quàbky. Mt kdwjr kjvjks df fma`k`tmt`de, tgj estruatdrhmbjs usj df spja`fà qujst`des td try men ojt pmrtà`pmet evdkvjhjet. Kdw-kjvjk fma`k`tmt`dewdukn ij agmrmatjr`zjn iy akdsj-jenjn qujst`des, sèaj tgjsj nd edt emturmkky jeadurmojmnn`t`demk n`sauss`de men/dr dpè`de.

@t hmy ij ejajssmry td pjr`dnàmkky jhpkdy kdw-kjvjk fma`k`tmt`de tgrduogdut m AYH adursj tdbjjp tgèos hdvèo. Gdwjvjr, jvjry jffdrt sgdukn ij hmnj td rjture td tgj gògjst kjvjk dffma`k`tmt`de pdssìkj mt tgj jmrk`jst dppdrtue`ty sd tgmt stunjets ame adetèuj td kjmre tgrduogtgj`r dwe memkys`s men n`sauss`de. Fma`k`tmt`de sb`kks mrj edt jmsy td hmstjr, men k`bj hmey dtgjrsb`kks, tgjy rjqu`rj prmatàj men fjjnimab.

=>1 Ze`tjn Bèondh A`v`k Mv`mt`de Mutgdr`ty (AMM), AMS ?1?< Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet (AYH)^rmèèo< Ou`nmeaj fdr Fkògt Arjw, AYH @estruatdrs men AYH @estruatdr-Jxmhèjrs ( 9336)

=>> @i`n.



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=.=?.== Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet èstruatdr maarjn`tmt`de

@e Amemnm, AYH estruatdrs mrj edt rjqu`rjn td uenjrod mey maarjn`tmt`de prdajss, iut mrjsuiljat td AMQQ ?9:.=9>(>), wgàg spja`f`js ojejrmk stmenmrns fdr trmèèo pjrsdeejk. QIèvjstòmt`de M30M33=6 njet`f`jn tgmt tgj misjeaj df AYH estruatdr maarjn`tmt`de pdsjs m r`sbtgmt fkògt arjws w`kk edt ij trmèjn e tgj kmtjst AYH tjage`qujs.

Ms m hjmes df jesurèo me maajptmikj stmenmrn fdr AYH èstruat`de men jvmkumt`de, tgj Ze`tjnBèondh A`v`k Mv`mt`de Mutgdr`ty (AMM) gms jstmik`sgjn m sjr`js df strèojet maarjn`tmt`derjqu`rjhjets fdr AYH estruatdrs (AYH@s) men fdr AYH estruatdr jxmhèjrs (AYH@Js). =>: ^gjmaarjn`tmt`de prdajss ades`sts df m hè`huh jxpjr`jeaj rjqu`rjhjet, adhpkjt`de df mempprdvjn AYH@ adursj, men m prmatàmk jvmkumt`de df me en`v`numk‐s bedwkjnoj men sb`kk tdèstruat dr jvmkumtj AYH ijfdrj tgjy mrj pjrh`ttjn td amrry dut tgdsj nut`js. Ms pmrt df tgjmaarjn`tmt`de prdajss, qumk`f`jn AYH@s men AYH@Js hust rjejw tgj`r qumk`fàmt`de jvjry 1yjmrs e drnjr td adetèuj e tgdsj rdkjs. g`s rjejwmk s ndej td jesurj tgmt AYH@s menAYH@Js adetèuj td hjjt tgj rjqu`rjn stmenmrn ms AYH trmèèo adetèujs td jvdkvj.

@e Amemnm, tgjrj mrj ed jxpjr`jeaj, trmèèo dr qumk`fàmt`de rjqu`rjhjets ejjnjn td tjmag AYH.^gj AYH fdaus ordup tgmt suih`ttjn rjadhhjenmt`des td tgj AMYA è 93=9 (sjat`de =.=?.?.9)ades`njrjn tgj ssuj df AYH estruatdr qumk`fàmt`des men maarjn`tmt`de. gj ordup‐s mssjsshjetwms tgmt njfèèo men hpkjhjetèo qumk`fàmt`des men maarjn`tmt`de ar`tjr`m fdr AYHèstruatdrs e Amemnm wdukn ij jxtrjhjky adhpkjx, ijamusj jmag sjatdr df tgj ènustry gms tsdwe ue`quj njhmens men gmzmrns. @t wms lunojn td ij ijyden tgj ampma`ty df Â td njvjkdpmen hpkjhjet me maarjn`tmt`de sagjhj tgmt wdukn ij jffjat`vj men maajptmikj td ?39, ?31, ?3>,men ?3: dpjrmtdrs men fkògt arjw. gj AMYA maajptjn tgj fdaus ordup rjadhhjenmt`de tgmtAYH estruatdr maarjn`tmt`de edt ij pursujn.

=.=7 Mnn`t`demk èfdrhmt`de

=.=7.= Ijgmv`durmk i`msjs

@e tgj`r mrtàkj, ‛Srjssèo tgj Mpprdmag‘, Ijrhme men N`shubjs enàmtj tgmt guhmes mrjsuiljat td i`msjs tgmt ame èfkujeaj fkògt arjw lunohjet men nja`s`de hmbèo. =>6 ^gj mrtàkjn`saussjn tgj jffjats df pkme adetèumt`de i`ms men jxpjatmt`de i`ms.

Skme adetèumt`de i`ms s njsarìjn ms m ‛njjp-rddtjn tjenjeay df en`v`numks td adetèuj tgj`rdròèmk pkme df mat`de jvje wgje agmeoèo a`rauhstmeajs rjqu`rj m ejw pkme.‘ ^gj mutgdrs‐memkys`s suoojstjn tgmt tg`s i`ms ‛rjsukts frdh tgj etjrmat`de df 1 hmldr adhpdejets<sda`mk/drome`zmt`demk efkujeajs, tgj egjrjet agmrmatjr`stàs men k`h`tmt`des df guhme

adoe`t`de, men èadhpkjtj dr mhiòudus èfdrhmt`de.‛

=>: Ze`tjn Bèondh A`v`k Mv`mt`de Mutgdr`ty (AMM), Qtmenmrns Ndauhjet ed. 90, vjrs`de > ∙ ^gj ArjwYjsduraj Hmemojhjet @estruatdr (AYH@) men Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet @estruatdr Jxmhèjr (AYH@J) Maarjn`tmt`de Frmhjwdrb (9330)

=>6 Ijelmhè M. Ijrhme men Y. Bjy N`shubjs, ‛Srjssèo tgj Mpprdmag,‘ Fkògt Qmfjty Fduenmt`de,

Mv`mt`de Qmfjty _drkn (Njajhijr 9336)



- 09 -

Jxpjatmt`de i`ms s njsarìjn iy tgj mutgdrs ms fdkkdws< =>?

… wgje sdhjdej jxpjats dej s`tumt`de, gj dr sgj s kjss k`bjky td edtàj aujsènàmtèo tgmt tgj s`tumt`de `s edt qu`tj wgmt `t sjjhs… Jxpjatmt`de i`ms `swdrsjejn wgje arjws mrj rjqu`rjn td etjormtj ejw efdrhmt`de tgmt mrr`vjsp`jajhjmk dvjr t`hj e eadhpkjtj, sdhjt`hjs mhiòudus, frmohjets.

=.=7.9 ^jrrmè mwmrjejss njvàjs

=.=7.9.= Orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo systjh

M orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo systjh (OS_Q) prdv`njs m wmreèo td tgj fkògt arjw wgje tgjmjrdpkmej s e pdtjet`mkky gmzmrndus prdx`h`ty td tgj jmrtg‐s surfmaj. OS_Q wms etrdnuajn etgj =0?3s ms m hjmes td adhimt tgj gòg ea`njeaj df adetrdkkjn fkògt etd tjrrmè (AF@^)maa`njets men ejmr-maa`njets.

Jmrky OS_Q usjn gjògt midvj orduen (hjmsurjn iy tgj rmn`d mkt`hjtjr) men rmtj df akdsurj tdnjtjrhèj wgje tgj m`rarmft wms e m pdtjet`mkky gmzmrndus s`tumt`de. Quisjqujet

`hprdvjhjets eadrpdrmtjn mjrdpkmej adefòurmt`de (j.o., kmenèo ojmr stmtus) men estruhjetkmenèo systjh (@KQ) ok`njskdpj njv`mt`de. Ijamusj tgj rmn`d mkt`hjtjr ndjs edt kddb mgjmn, tg`sjmrky-ojejrmt`de OS_Q s uemikj td prjnàt m sunnje agmeoj e tjrrmè (fdr jxmhpkj, wgjehjjtèo stjjpky r`sèo orduen).

Amemn`me Mv`mt`de Yjoukmt`des (AMY) 63:.1?(=) rjqu`rjs mkk turid-ljt-pdwjrjn mjrdpkmejs w`tg mwjògt df hdrj tgme =: 333 bo (11 360 pduens) men fdr wgàg m typj ajrt`fàmtj gms ijje `ssujnmutgdr`zèo tgj trmespdrt df =3 dr hdrj pmssjeojrs, td ij jqu`ppjn w`tg m OS_Q.

@e maadrnmeaj w`tg tgj rjoukmtdry rjqu`rjhjet, A-OE_E wms jqu`ppjn w`tg m OS_Q msnjsarìjn e sjat`de =.6.1.

=.=7.9.9 @etrdnuat`de df jegmeajn orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo systjh

@e =00=, Gdejywjkk etrdnuajn ts jegmeajn orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo systjh (JOS_Q),wgàg wms njvjkdpjn e drnjr td dvjradhj tgj midvj k`h`tmt`de. g`s systjh adhièjs maaurmtjpds`t`demk bedwkjnoj (edrhmkky njtjrhèjn frdh OSQ) w`tg m prja`sj 1-n`hjes`demk hmp df tgjtjrrmè, td kddb mgjmn df tgj m`rarmft ms wjkk ms ndwewmrn. g`s adefòurmt`de ojejrmtjswmreèos td tgj p`kdt f ajrtmè pmrmhjtjrs mrj irjmagjn. g`s ojejrmt`de df tjrrmè mwmrjejssjqu`phjet prdv`njs me murmk ms wjkk ms v`sumk wmreèo df tgj tjrrmè è frdet df tgj m`rarmft. Mhmp n`spkmy sgdwèo tgj mpprdmagèo tjrrmè agmeojs frdh orjje td mhijr td rjn ms tgj m`rarmftojts prdorjss`vjky akdsjr td distmakjs (Fòurj ==).

^gj hmp n`spkmy edt deky prjsjets tgj arjw w`tg efdrhmt`de rjomrnèo tgj tjrrmè jkjvmt`demkdeo tgj fkògt pmtg, iut mksd prdv`njs mnn`t`demk s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss ms td m`rarmft pds`t`derjkmt`vj td distmakjs men tgj ètjenjn fkògt pmtg. @hprdvjhjets e tgj sdurajs df efdrhmt`deusjn td amkaukmtj men prjnàt orduen prdx`h`ty gmvj rjsuktjn e jmrk`jr wmreèo edtàjs men

=>? @i`n.





- 0> -

RtXgj Njpmrthjet df rmespdrt rjqu`rj tgj estmkkmt`de df OS_Q de mkk turièj-pdwjrjn, @FY-mpprdvjn, adhhutjr men m`rkèj m`rarmft ampmikj df amrryèo =3 drhdrj pmssjeojrs.

Qèaj tgj ssumeaj df ^QI Yjadhhjenmt`de M0:-=3, suaajss`vj mat`de iy rmespdrt Amemnm (Â)aukhèmtjn w`tg rjoukmtdry mhjenhjets, wgàg amhj etd fdraj de 3> Luky 93=9, wgje tgjy

wjrj puik`sgjn è tgj Amemnm Omzjttj, Smrt 9, Vdkuhj =>6, ed. =>< =:=

^gjsj rjoukmtdry mhjenhjets etrdnuaj rjqu`rjhjets fdr tgj èstmkkmt`de df^jrrmè Mwmrjejss _mreèo Qystjhs (^M_Q) jqu`ppjn w`tg me JegmeajnMkt`tunj Maaurmay (JMM) fueat`de e pr`vmtj turièj-pdwjrjn mjrdpkmejsadefòurjn w`tg s`x dr hdrj pmssjeojr sjmts, jxakunèo p`kdt sjmts, men eadhhjra`mk mjrdpkmejs adefòurjn w`tg s`x dr hdrj pmssjeojr sjmts, jxakunèop`kdt sjmts. Dpjrmtdrs w`kk gmvj twd yjmrs frdh tgj nmtj de wgàg tgjYjoukmt`des adhj etd fdraj td jqu`p tgj`r mjrdpkmejs w`tg M_Q men f`vj yjmrstd jqu`p tgjh w`tg JMM.

^gj QI njtjrhèjn tgmt tgj rjoukmtdry mhjenhjet irduogt fdrwmrn iy A jxajjns tgj ar`tjr`m

df tg`s rjadhhjenmt`de, men w`kk suistmet`mkky rjnuaj tgj smfjty njfà`jeay njet`f`jn eYjadhhjenmt`de M0:-=3. De 3: Qjptjhijr 93=9, tgj QI amtjodr`zjn tgj rjspdesj td tgjrjadhhjenmt`de ms Fukky Qmt`sfmatdry.

=.=7.1 ^rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn _mtagk`st

^g`s wms m AF@^ maa`njet, dej df tgj `tjhs de tgj ^QI _mtagk`st. ^gj _mtagk`st `s m k`st dftrmespdrtmt`de smfjty `ssujs tgmt pdsj tgj orjmtjst r`sb td Amemn`mes. @e jmag amsj, mat`des tmbjetd nmtj gmvj ijje èmnjqumtj, men adearjtj stjps hust ij tmbje de tgj pmrt df ènustry men tgjrjoukmtdr td jk`hèmtj tgjsj r`sbs.

^gj ^QI gms èvjstòmtjn euhjrdus adkk`s`des w`tg kmen men wmtjr, men gms `njet`f`jnnjfà`jea`js, hmnj fènèos, men ssujn rjadhhjenmt`des td furtgjr rjnuaj AF@^ maa`njets.Adkk`s`des w`tg kmen men wmtjr maaduet fdr :% df maa`njets, iut ejmrky 9:% df mkk fmtmk`t`js.Ijtwjje 9333 men 9330, tgjrj wjrj =90 maa`njets df tg`s typj è Amemnm, rjsuktèo è =97fmtmk`t`js. Qèaj tgj QI f`rst pkmajn tg`s ssuj de ts _mtagk`st, tgj euhijr df maa`njets df tg`stypj jvjry yjmr gms edt odej ndwe. @e 93=3, tgjrj wjrj =12 è 93==, tgjrj wjrj =>.

=.=7.> Qmfjty hmemojhjet systjhs

@hpkjhjetjn prdpjrky, smfjty hmemojhjet systjhs (QHQs) mkkdw mv`mt`de adhpme`js td`njet`fy gmzmrns, hmemoj r`sbs, men njvjkdp men fdkkdw jffjat`vj smfjty prdajssjs. Amemnm‐s

kmroj adhhjra`mk amrr`jrs gmvj ijje rjqu`rjn td gmvj me QHQ sèaj 933:.

=:= Amemnm Omzjttj, Smrt 9, Vdkuhj =>6, ed. => (3> Luky 93=9), Yjoukmt`des Mhjenèo tgj Amemn`meMv`mt`de Yjoukmt`des (Smrts @, V@ men V@@), mvm`kmikj mt gttp<//www.omzjttj.oa.am/rp-pr/p9/93=9/93=9-3?-3>/gthk/sdr-ndrs=16-jeo.gthk (mrag`vjn adetjet2 kmst maajssjn =9 Njajhijr93=1)



- 0: -

^gj trmes`t`de td QHQ gms prdvjn td ij agmkkjeoèo. Yjajet èvjstòmt`des iy tgj ^QI gmvjgògkògtjn n`ffàukt js fmajn iy dpjrmtdrs e hmbèo tgj trmes`t`de frdh trmn`t`demk smfjtyhmemojhjet td QHQ. =:9

=:9 ^QI mv`mt`de evjstòmt`de rjpdrts M==M331:, M==D331=, M==F33=9, M30M33=6 men M3?M3=1>



- 06 -

9.3 Memkys`s

9.= @etrdnuat`de

Imsjn de mvm`kmikj rjadrns, tgj p`kdts wjrj ajrt`f`jn men qumk`f`jn fdr tgj fkògt è maadrnmeaj

w`tg jx`stèo rjoukmt`des. ^gj èvjstòmt`de njtjrhèjn tgmt tgjrj wms edtgèo td ènàmtj tgmttgj pjrfdrhmeaj df tgj amptmè dr tgj f`rst dffàjr (FD) wms njormnjn iy fmtòuj dr pgys`dkdoàmkfmatdrs.

De tg`s fkògt, tgj kdamk`zjr wms edt ampturjn, men tgj fkògt adetèujn de m gjmnèo tgmtprdorjss`vjky njv`mtjn td tgj rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr. Ms tgj m`rarmft njv`mtjn td tgj rògt, njsp`tjèstruhjet enàmt`des tgmt tgj fkògt wms suistmet`mkky dff tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj men m euhijrdf mttjhpts iy tgj FD td adhhueàmtj tgj gmzmrn, tgj amptmè adetèujn tgj mpprdmag.Mnn`t`demkky, tgj mpprdmag wms uestmikj e sjvjrmk pmrmhjtjrs, men tgj fkògt adetèujn ijydentgj pdèt mt wgàg m od-mrduen sgdukn gmvj ijje adenuatjn e maadrnmeaj w`tg adhpmeypdkày. M orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo systjh (OS_Q) wmreèo prdhptjn tgj arjw td è`t`mtj m

od-mrduen, iut tg`s mat`de wms è`t`mtjn tdd kmtj td mvd`n `hpmat w`tg tjrrmè.

^g`s memkys`s w`kk fdaus de tgj fdkkdwèo<

• _gy tgj m`rarmft n`n edt ampturj tgj kdamk`zjr men ok`njskdpj2

• ^gj jffjat df adhpmss jrrdrs2

• M`rarmft emvòmt`demk jqu`phjet2

• _gy tgj amptmè ijk`jvjn tgmt tgj m`rarmft gmn ampturjn tgj kdamk`zjr2

• _gy tgj arjw wjrj uemikj td rjadea`kj tgj`r n`ffjrèo mwmrjejss df tgj s`tumt`de2

• _gy tgj amptmè adetèujn tgj mpprdmag2 men• Mnmptmt`des df QDSs.

9.9 FMI6:63 mpprdmag pkmeeèo

Mftjr F`rst M`r fkògt 6:63 (FMI6:63) gmn njpmrtjn frdh Pjkkdwbe`fj (AP\F), tgj aj`kèo menv`sì`k`ty mt Yjsdkutj Imy (APYI) gmn fkuatumtjn ms kdw ms 933 fjjt men ¸ stmtutj h`kj (sh),mktgduog tgj =633 wjmtgjr disjrvmt`de rjpdrtjn =3 h`kjs v`sì`k`ty men dvjramst aj`kèo mt ?33fjjt. gj wèn wms frdh tgj sdutg, fmvdurèo Yuewmy =?^. gj wjmtgjr aden`t`des mt APYInurèo tgj mrr`vmk df FMI6:63 wjrj suag tgmt m v`sumk mpprdmag wms edt pdssìkj men meèstruhjet mpprdmag wms rjqu`rjn.

Amrryèo dut me mpprdmag td Yuewmy =?^ wdukn tmbj hdrj t`hj men fujk, ms wjkk ms rjqu`rèo mede-prja`s`de mpprdmag rmtgjr tgme me èstruhjet kmenèo systjh (@KQ) mpprdmag. gj tm`kwènwms w`tgè m`rarmft k`h`tmt`des, men tgj @KQ Yuewmy 1: ruj (1:^) wdukn smvj t`hj men fujkw`tg m strmògt-è mpprdmag. Furtgjrhdrj, tgj @KQ s m prja`s`de mpprdmag, wgàg evdkvjs kdwjrr`sb men kjss wdrbkdmn tgme m ede-prja`s`de mpprdmag. gj strmògt-è @KQ 1:^ prdv`njn hmeyijejf`ts, w`tg deky me e-k`h`ts tm`kwèn ms m ejomt`vj fmatdr.



- 0? -

Ijfdrj adhhjeaèo njsajet, tgj amptmè mnv`sjn tgj FD tgmt gj pkmeejn td usj mrjm emvòmt`de(YEMV) =:1 td emvòmtj td tgj kdamk`zjr men tgje sw`tag frdh okdimk pds`t`deèo systjh (OSQ) tdVGF EMV (vjry gòg frjqujeay emvòmt`de). gj evjstòmt`de njtjrhèjn tgmt tgj pkme tdtrmes`t`de frdh je-rdutj emvòmt`de td mpprdmag ame ij etjrprjtjn e 9 n`ffjrjet wmys.

F`rst, tgj amptmè hmy gmvj ètjenjn td jhpkdy m ede-stmenmrn hjtgdn td usj tgj OSQ td mkòetgj m`rarmft w`tg tgj kdamk`zjr de fèmk mpprdmag, men tgje sw`tag td VGF EMV. Qjaden, tgjamptmè hmy gmvj etjenjn td usj tgj OSQ td emvòmtj td m pdèt lust ijfdrj HZQM^ wmypdèt,wgjrj tgj sw`tag td VGF EMV wdukn daaur.

Mktgduog tgj amptmè‐s mpprdmag ir`jfèo prdv`njn efdrhmt`de ms td mpprdmag spjjns mensdhj hè`huh mkt`tunjs, tgj ir`jfèo n`n edt eakunj efdrhmt`de rjomrnèo tgj ètjenjnemv-m`n adefòurmt`de nurèo tgj mpprdmag dr hè`huh smfj mkt`tunjs nurèo tgj mrr`vmk pgmsj.^gj amptmè‐s mpprdmag ir`jfèo wms ede-stmenmrn men eadhpkjtj.

^gj adesjqujeaj df me miirjv`mtjn mpprdmag ir`jfèo `s tgmt m arjw hmy edt ij mnjqumtjky

prjpmrjn fdr tgj mpprdmag. Mnn`t`demkky, dej df tgj hmè purpdsjs df ir`jfèos s td jesurj tgmtidtg p`kdts gmvj tgj smhj jxpjatmt`des men fduenmt`de fdr sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss.

9.1 Njsajet è`t`mt`de men hmemojhjet

Mt midut =:3 h`kjs td APYI, ijfdrj adhhjeaèo njsajet, tgj FD pdètjn dut td tgj amptmè tgmttgj`r orduen spjjn wms gòg. gj gòg orduen spjjn wms nuj td tgj tm`kwèn adhpdejet mtaru`sèo mkt`tunj.

^gj amptmè enàmtjn tgmt gj wdukn adhhjeaj njsajet mt =3: emutàmk h`kjs (eh) frdh APYI.^g`s adhhueàmt`de ènàmtjs tgmt tgj amptmè wms mwmrj df tgj jffjat df tgj tm`kwèn men gmn

ades`njrjn `t è g`s njsajet pkmeeèo (=33 eh w`tg zjrd wèn mt tdp df njsajet R^DNX, pkus madrrjat`de fdr wèn). Gdwjvjr, tgj :-eh adrrjat`de tgmt tgj amptmè gmn mppk`jn wms kjss tgmetgj =?-eh mnlusthjet matumkky rjqu`rjn td adhpjesmtj fdr tgj 61-bedt tm`kwèn.

Mt =699<=6, tgj FD rjqujstjn njsajet akjmrmeaj. Mt tg`s t`hj, tgj m`rarmft wms midut ==9 eh frdhtduagndwe mt APYI. gj njsajet akjmrmeaj wms ssujn mt =691<90, mt wgàg t`hj tgj m`rarmft wmsmidut =31 eh frdh tduagndwe. Njsajet ijome mt =691<>3 men =3= eh frdh tduagndwe, akdsjrtd APYI tgme tgj amptmè gmn pkmeejn fdr men =6 eh akdsjr tgme rjqu`rjn fdr tgj wèn.

Zet`k adhhjeaèo njsajet, tgj mutdp`kdt p`tag hdnj sjkjatdr wms k`bjky e MK^ GDKN (mkt`tunjgdkn) td hmètmè tgj aru`sj mkt`tunj. d e`t`mtj njsajet, tgj amptmè wdukn gmvj sjkjatjn tgj

mutdp`kdt p`tag hdnj sjkjatdr td DFF. ^gj mutdp`kdt p`tag agmeejk wdukn tgje dpjrmtj è hmeumkp`tag A_Q (adetrdk wgjjk stjjrèo) mt tgj kdw njtjet (: pduens). @e tg`s hdnj, tgj mutdp`kdtwdukn hmètmè tgj p`tag mtt`tunj sjt iy tgj p`kdt usèo tgj adetrdk adkuhe.

=:1 ^gj amptmè‐s hjet`de df YEMV hpk`js tgj usj df tgj ^r`hikj EK-7=33 OSQ èstmkkjn è A-OE_E.Furtgjr n`sauss`de w`kk rjfjr td OSQ.





- 00 -

^gj evjstòmt`de ades`njrjn wgjtgjr tgj adhpmss adetrdkkjrs wjrj sjt td hmoejtà (HMO),ijamusj dpjrmt`de e HMO wdukn rjsukt e sòe`fàmet gjmnèo agmeojs ijamusj df tgjprdx`h`ty df tgj hmoejtà edrtg pdkj td tgj trmab df FMI6:63. Ymnmr nmtm sgdw tgmt FMI6:63wms trmabèo 31?³^ wgje tgj arjw rj-skmvjn tgj adhpmssjs mt =69:<3?. Amkaukmt des wjrj ndejtd njtjrhèj tgj k`bjky sjttèo df tgj adhpmss adetrdkkjrs imsjn de tgj rjadrnjn adhpmss

gjmnèo, rmnmr nmtm, men wèn nr`ft. ^gj rjadrnjn gjmnèo s edt adeorujet w`tg tgj adhpmssadetrdkkjrs ijèo sjt td HMO.

^gj fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr (FNY) nmtm sgdw deky tgj dej èstmeaj df adhpmss mnlusthjet, mt=69:<3?. Mt midut tgj smhj t`hj, nurèo tgj prj-njsajet agjab, idtg p`kdts rjspdenjn w`tg‛NO‘ (`.j., n`rjat`demk oyrd) td tgj adhpmss agmkkjeoj. @t `s k`bjky tgmt tgj p`kdts sjkjatjn tgjsw`tag de idtg adhpmss adetrdkkjrs td tgj NO pds`t`de wgje tgj adhpmssjs wjrj e`t`mkkysw`tagjn frdh HMO td NO mt me uenjtjrhèjn t`hj, ijfdrj tgj adhhjeajhjet df vmk`n FNYnmtm mt =>:7<:?.:.

9.>.1 Adhpmss adetrdkkjrs gjh`spgjrj sjkjat`de

_g`kj dpjrmtèo e NO, emnvjrtjet sjkjat`de df tgj gjh`spgjrj sw`tag de dej adetrdkkjr td Emen de tgj dtgjr adetrdkkjr td Q wdukn rjsukt e tgj 9 adhpmssjs njvjkdpèo m sòe`fàmetgjmnèo n`ffjrjeaj fm`rky quàbky. Quag m gjmnèo n`ffjrjeaj wdukn mksd quàbky tròojr tgjgjmnèo adhpmrmtdr. Ijamusj tgjrj wms ed n`sauss`de ijtwjje tgj p`kdts midut tgj adhpmrmtdr,`t `s k`bjky tgmt idtg gjh`spgjrj sw`tagjs wjrj sjt td tgj smhj pds`t`de.

F`rst M`r m`rarmft dpjrmtj e tgj edrtgjre gjh`spgjrj2 adesjqujetky, njkìjrmtj sjkjat`de df Q detgj gjh`spgjrj sw`tag s jxtrjhjky uek`bjky. gjrjfdrj, t s vjry k`bjky tgmt idtg gjh`spgjrjsw`tagjs wjrj sjt td E.

9.>.>

Adhpmss adetrdkkjr kmt`tunj adhpjesmtdrs^gj adhpmssjs wjrj rjqu`rjn td ij sjt td NO wgje FMI6:63 jetjrjn tgj Edrtgjre NdhjstàM`rspmaj mt Y@IZE wmypdèt. _g`kj tgj evjstòmt`de adukn edt njtjrhèj wgje tgj adhpmssjswjrj sjt td NO, furtgjr n`sauss`de w`kk ij imsjn de tgj prjh`sj tgmt `t daaurrjn mt Y@IZE.

FMI6:63 ardssjn idtg kmt`tunjs 66³ E men 67³ E ijfdrj rjmagèo Amhir`noj Imy (AI). gjadhpmss adetrdkkjr kmt`tunj adhpjesmtdrs wjrj fduen sjt mt 67³ (ed. =) men 66³ (ed. 9). _g`kjpgysàmk jxmhèmt`de adukn edt njtjrhèj tgj pds`t`de df tgj kmt`tunj adhpjesmtdrs mt hpmat,tgj`r pds`t`des ms fduen mrj rjmsdemikj o`vje tgj trmab df fkògt FMI6:63 men tgj adhpmey‐sdpjrmtèo prdajnurjs men prmatàjs. @t s k`bjky tgmt tgjsj sjttèos wjrj hmnj iy tgj FMI6:63arjw.

9.>.: Yjmk prjajss`de

O`vje tgj gjmnèo agmeoj rmtjs rjadrnjn w`tg tgj wèos kjvjk, t s k`bjky tgmt tgj gjmnèoadhpmrmtdr wdukn gmvj kkuhèmtjn f dej NO gmn jxajss`vj rjmk prjajss`de. Gdwjvjr, tgjp`kdts n`n edt hjet`de dr n`sauss kkuhèmt`de df m gjmnèo adhpmrmtdr. @t s vjry uek`bjky tgmtidtg NOs wdukn s`huktmejdusky jxpjr`jeaj rjmk prjajss`de df tgj smhj hmoe`tunj menn`rjat`de, tgjrjiy prjvjetèo tgj adhpmrmtdr tgrjsgdkn frdh ijèo jxajjnjn. gjrjfdrj, t s



- =33 -

ades`njrjn uek`bjky tgmt rjmk prjajss`de wms tgj sdkj amusj df tgj gjmnèo nr`ft njet`f`jn e tgjFMI6:63 FNY nmtm. @t s hpdssìkj td sdkmtj rjmk prjajss`de frdh mppmrjet prjajss`de e tgjrjadrnjn gjmnèo nmtm2 tgjrjfdrj, furtgjr memkys`s w`kk ij imsjn de tgj prjh`sj tgmt tgj rjmkprjajss`de n`n edt jxajjn tgj ½=³ pjr-gdur tdkjrmeaj.

9.>.6 Jmrtg rmtj prjajss`de

_`tg tgj ed. 9 adhpmss adetrdkkjr sjt td NO men 66³ E kmt`tunj, tdrquj wdukn gmvj ijje mppk`jntd tgj ed. 9 NO td adrrjat fdr jmrtg rmtj mt 66³ E. Gdwjvjr, sdhj rjs`numk jmrtg rmtj (`.j.,n`ffjrjeaj ijtwjje jmrtg rmtj mt tgj aurrjet kmt`tunj men jmrtg rmtj mt tgj kmt`tunj sjkjatjn)wdukn jx`st. ^gj jffjat df jmrtg rmtj wms jxmhèjn fdr 9 pjr`dns< =>:7<:?.: td =:>7<9:(adhhjeajhjet df vmk`n nmtm uet`k ture mt AI) men =:>0<=1 td =6=9<33 (ture mt AI uet`k ture mt?9³ E, =33³>:' _).

Nurèo tgj 9 pjr`dns jxmhèjn, wgàg jxgì`tjn rjadrnjn gjmnèo nr`ft df 9:³ pjr gdur, tgjrjs`numk jmrtg rmtj vmr`jn frdh ∙3.:>³ pjr gdur td 3.99³ pjr gdur. @t `s vjry uek`bjky tgmtueadrrjatjn jmrtg rmtj prjajss`de wms tgj sdkj amusj df tgj rjadrnjn gjmnèo nr`ft.

9.>.? Jmrtg trmespdrt rmtj prjajss`de

^gj A-==I adhpmss systjh ndjs edt eadrpdrmtj mey hjmes td adrrjat fdr jmrtg trmespdrt rmtj.^gj jffjat df jmrtg trmespdrt rmtj wms jxmhèjn fdr 9 pjr`dns< =>:7<:?.: td =:>7<9: men =:>0<=1 td=6=9<33.

Nurèo tgj 9 pjr`dns jxmhèjn, wgàg jxgì`tjn rjadrnjn gjmnèo nr`ft df 9:³ pjr gdur, tgjrjs`numk jmrtg trmespdrt rmtj vmr`jn frdh ∙7.:=³ pjr gdur td ∙0.1>³ pjr gdur. @t `s vjry uek`bjkytgmt ueadrrjatjn jmrtg trmespdrt rmtj prjajss`de wms tgj sdkj amusj df tgj rjadrnjn gjmnèonr`ft.

9.>.7 Srjajss`de suhhmry

^gj suh df tgj hmx`huh vmkujs n`saussjn midvj fdr rjmk prjajss`de (=³ pjr gdur), rjs`numkjmrtg rmtj (3.:>³ pjr gdur), men ueadrrjatjn jmrtg trmespdrt rmtj (0.1>³ pjr gdur) `s =3.77³ pjrgdur. Gdwjvjr, nurèo tgj 9 pjr`dns n`saussjn midvj, tgj rjadrnjn gjmnèo frdh tgj ed. 9adhpmss nr`ftjn mt 9:³ pjr gdur. gjrjfdrj, tgj rjadrnjn ed. 9 adhpmss nr`ft n`ffjrs suistmet mkkyfrdh tdtmk amkaukmtjn prjajss`de. gj n`ffjrèo n`rjat`de men hmoe`tunj df tgj gjmnèo nr`ftdisjrvjn, e adelueat`de w`tg tgj euhijr df tures hmnj iy tgj m`rarmft, hmbjs t hpdssìkj tdnrmw adeakus`des rjomrnèo tgj jffjat df rjmk men mppmrjet prjajss`de de tgj adhpmss systjhsnurèo tgj fèmk =? hèutjs df tgj fkògt.

9.>.0 Ed. = men ed. 9 adhpmss systjhs ijgmv`dur

Ijamusj df tgj misjeaj df mey p`kdt n`sauss`de midut tgj gjmnèo adhpmrmtdr, t wms jmrk`jradeakunjn tgmt tgj hmx`huh gjmnèo n`ffjrjeaj ijtwjje tgj adhpmss systjhs nurèo fkògtk`bjky n`n edt jxajjn 7³ w`tg wèos kjvjk. ^g`s hjmes tgmt idtg adhpmss systjhs wjrj èmorjjhjet w`tgè adhpmrmtdr tdkjrmeajs, men wdukn gmvj ijje sd jvje nurèo tgj pjr`dn wgjetgj rjadrnjn ed. 9 adhpmss gjmnèo wms nr`ftèo sòe`fàmetky. gjrjfdrj, t s k`bjky tgmt tgj



- =3= -

ed. = adhpmss systjh wms mksd nr`ftèo, iut w`tgè tgj adhpmrmtdr gjmnèo n`ffjrjeajtgrjsgdkn.

^gj gjmnèo nr`ft rjadrnjn de tgj FNY s edt ades`stjet w`tg edrhmk adhpmss dpjrmt`de.Njsp`tj jxtjes`vj adesuktmt`de w`tg Idjèo, Gdejywjkk, _jstjre Mv`deàs, F`rst M`r, men tgjYdymk Amemn`me M`r Fdraj (YAMF) Qagddk df M`r Emvòmt`de, tgj evjstòmt`de wms uemikj td

njtjrhèj wgy tg`s adhpmss ijgmv`dur daaurrjn.

9.>.=3 Adhpmss jrrdr

^g`s sjat`de adetmès n`sauss`de df truj edrtg (^) gjmnèos, ijmrèos, men trmabs, ms wjkk ms tgjrjadrnjn jrrdejdus gjmnèo men jxpjatjn rjsuktmet estruhjet enàmt`des. Vmkujs edtspja`fàmkky njet`f`jn ms truj edrtg rjkmtj td tgj jrrdejdus enàmt`des tgj adhpmss systjhprdv`njn.

^gj arjw mkhdst ajrtmèky usjn tgj OSQ/ede-n`rjat`demk ijmade (ENI) hjtgdn df mnlustèo tgjadhpmssjs. gj Yjsdkutj Imy ede-n`rjat`demk ijmade (YI ENI) wms tgj deky usmikj ijmade

w`tgè rmeoj. Jetjrèo tgj YI ENI `njet`f`jr è tgj OSQ sgdukn gmvj rjsuktjn è m ijmrèo df390³^ frdh tgj aurrjet m`rarmft pds`t`de td YI ENI.

Ymnmr men wèn nmtm sgdw tgmt tgj m`rarmft wms trmabèo 31?³^ td HZQM^ w`tg ed wèn nr`ft.^gj adrrjat pdst-prdajnurj rmn`d-hmoejtà enàmtdr (YH@) enàmt`des, mssuhèo ed ENI/MNF(mutdhmtà n`rjat`de fènèo) jrrdr efkujeaj, sgdukn gmvj ijje MNF ijmrèo pdètjr gjmn mt390³^, w`tg tgj rjsuktmet truj gjmnèo 31?³, uenjr tgj kuiijr kèj (Fòurj =9).

Gdwjvjr, de adhpkjt`de df tgj prdajnurj, tgj rjadrnjn gjmnèo frdh tgj ed. 9 adhpmss wms390³, wgàg enàmtjs tgmt tgj YH@ kuiijr kèj gjmnèo sgdukn mksd gmvj ijje 390³. gjrjfdrj,tgj ènàmtjn ijmrèo td tgj YI ijmade n`spkmyjn td tgj arjw de tgj FD‐s YH@ sgdukn gmvj ijje39=³ (Fòurj =1).



- =39 -

Fòurj =9. =69:<3?< Jxjhpkmr df f`rst dffàjr (FD)

rmn`d-hmoejtà ènàmtdr (YH@) (ed. 9 adhpmss),sgdwèo jxpjatjn truj ènàmt`des w`tg edgjmnèo jrrdr

Fòurj =1. =69:<3?< FD YH@ (ed. 9 adhpmss)

sgdwèo prjsuhjn enàmt`des w`tg ∙7³ gjmnèojrrdr

De adhpkjt`de df tgj gjmnèo sjttèo prdajnurj, tgj gjmnèo sgdukn gmvj ijje 31?³^. ^gjrjadrnjn gjmnèo wms 390³, me jrrdr df ∙7³. Mt kjmst 9 rjmsdes fdr tg`s jrrdr wjrj pdssìkj. F`rst,`t s pdssìkj tgmt tgj p`kdts eadrrjatky jxjautjn tgj fèmk stjp è tgj prdajnurj, sjttèo tgjijmrèo td YI ENI, 390³, uenjr tgj kuiijr kèj rmtgjr tgme tgj gjmn df tgj MNF pdètjr. Qjaden,`t s pdssìkj tgmt tgj gjmnèo sjttèo wms mffjatjn iy emaaurma`js egjrjet td tgj MNF/ENIsystjh. J`tgjr sajemr`d s ades`njrjn jqumkky k`bjky.

^gj adesjqujeaj df tgj gjmnèo sjttèo jrrdr wms tgmt, hhjn`mtjky mftjr tgj prdajnurj wmsadhpkjtjn, tgj arjw gjmnèo enàmt`de fdr tgj ed. 9 adhpmss wms eadrrjatky njpàtjn ms 390³rmtgjr tgme 31?³^.

_èn tr`meokj amkaukmt`des fdr =617<33 enàmtj tgmt tgj gjmnèo rjqu`rjn fdr tgj m`rarmft td trmab317³^ =:> s 310³^, wg`kj tgj rjadrnjn gjmnèo wms 39>³. ^g`s n`ffjrjeaj hjmes tgmt tgj gjmnèojrrdr gmn earjmsjn td midut ∙=:³.

_èn tr`meokj amkaukmt`des fdr =6>3<1: sgdw tgmt tgj gjmnèo rjqu`rjn fdr tgj m`rarmft td trmab1:=³^ =:: s 1>7³^, wg`kj tgj rjadrnjn gjmnèo wms 11=³. ^g`s n`ffjrjeaj hjmes tgmt tgj gjmnèojrrdr gmn earjmsjn td midut ∙=?³.

=:> Ijamusj df gòg kmt`tunj hjr`n`me adevjrojeaj, tgj truj trmab td HZQM^ agmeojn skògtky msFMI6:63 trmvjkkjn mardss tgj hjr`n`mes df kdeo`tunj (frdh 31?³ td 317³).

=:: Ymnmr orduen trmab df FMI6:63 de fèmk mpprdmag



- =31 -

Me jrrdr etrdnuajn wgje tgj adhpmssjs wjrj e`t`mkky mnlustjn, adhièjn w`tg suisjqujetadhpmss nr`ft, rjsuktjn è m adhpmss jrrdr df ∙=?³ nurèo fèmk mpprdmag. Mt =6>3<1:, tgjamkaukmtjn matumk m`rarmft gjmnèo wms 1>7³^, wg`kj tgj rjadrnjn ed. 9 gjmnèo wms 11=³.

9.: @e-rmeoj agjab

Zet`k tg`s pdèt e tgj fkògt, tgj amptmè k`bjky gmn tgj m`rarmft adefòurjn fdr OSQ emvòmt`de.^g`s adefòurmt`de rjqu`rjn tgj fdkkdwèo sjkjat`des< =:6

• Amptmè men FD HN->= ∙ de OSQ

• M/S QJKJA^ meeuea`mtdr/sw`tag ∙ OSQ sjkjatjn

• Mutdp`kdt è HME hdnj

• Gjmnèo sw`tag de GNO QJK

• Fkògt n`rjatdrs e GNO

• GQ@ adursj sjt td aurrjet OSQ trmab

Mt =616<91, tgj amptmè amkkjn fdr tgj ijkdw-tgj-kèj pdrt`de df tgj e-rmeoj agjabk`st. Fdkkdwèotgj FD‐s agmkkjeoj fdr tgj EMV (emvòmt`de) sw`tagjs, idtg p`kdts rjspdenjn ‛VGF EMV.‘^gjrjfdrj, t s k`bjky tgmt idtg p`kdts sjkjatjn tgj`r rjspjat`vj HN->= td EMV mt tg`s t`hj. Ndèosd wdukn agmeoj tgj GQ@ n`spkmy frdh OSQ td EMV, men wdukn mksd rjhdvj tgj OSQ sòemksfrdh tgj mutdp`kdt. Dtgjr sjkjat`des tgmt wdukn edrhmkky ij hmnj iy tgj arjw mt tg`s t`hj mrj msfdkkdws< =:?

• Mutdp`kdt td VDY/KDA

• Mutdp`kdt p`tag hdnj sjkjatdr rjhmès DFF

• M/S QJKJA^ meeuea`mtdr/sw`tag ∙ OSQ njsjkjatjn

• Gjmnèo sw`tag td GNO QJK

• Fkògt n`rjatdrs td MZ^D MSS

• GQ@ adursj sjkjatdr turejn td 1>? (kdamk`zjr eiduen trmab)

Adhpmey p`kdts rmrjky usjn tgj mutdp`kdt MZ^D MSS dr HME O/Q (hmeumk ok`njskdpj) hdnjsfdr @KQ mpprdmagjs, estjmn prjfjrrèo td usj VDY/KDA hdnj td trmab tgj kdamk`zjr men A_Qp`tag èputs td fdkkdw tgj ok`njskdpj. Adesjqujetky, `t `s mkhdst ajrtmè tgmt MZ^D MSS drHME O/Q wjrj edt sjkjatjn mt tg`s t`hj.

=:6 M/S rjfjrs td tgj mutdp`kdt2 HME rjfjrs td hmeumk2 GNO rjfjrs td gjmnèo2 GNO QJK rjfjrs tdgjmnèo sjkjat2 GQ@ rjfjrs td gdr`zdetmk s`tumt`de ènàmtdr.

=:? VDY/KDA rjfjrs td VGF dhe`n rjat`demk rmeoj kdamk`zjr2 MZ^D MSS rjfjrs td mutd mpprdmag.



- =3> -

9.6 Emvòmt`demk hdnjs nurèo ture detd fèmk mpprdmag

9.6.= Ojejrmk

Ymnmr orduen spjjn de tgj èiduen trmab td HZQM^ hhjn`mtjky ijfdrj tgj ture ijome wms990 bedts. @t `s uek`bjky tgmt tg`s spjjn prjvjetjn tgj mutdp`kdt frdh ampturèo tgj kdamk`zjr2

gdwjvjr, t k`bjky amusjn tgj fkògt td dvjrsgddt tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj nurèo tgj ture td fèmk.^gj kdamk`zjr etjrajpt meokj df :=³ wms w`tgè tgj rjadhhjenjn rmeoj enàmtjn e tgj m`rarmftdpjrmt`des hmeumk (MDH). gjrjfdrj, t s uek`bjky tgmt tgj kdamk`zjr etjrajpt meokj prjvjetjntgj m`rarmft frdh ampturèo tgj kdamk`zjr.

^gj evjstòmt`de adukn edt njtjrhèj tgj prja`sj hjmes iy wgàg tgj m`rarmft turejn mtHZQM^. Adesjqujetky, 9 pkmusìkj sajemr`ds mrj n`saussjn è sjat`des 9.6.9 men 9.6.1.

Ms FMI6:63 mpprdmagjn HZQM^, tgj arjw sw`tagjn frdh OSQ td VGF EMV. Mt tg`s pdèt, tgjfdkkdwèo aden`t`des wjrj adhhde td idtg sajemr`ds n`saussjn ijkdw<

• VGF EMV ed. = ∙ @YI @KQ/NHJ ==3.13

• VGF EMV ed. 9 ∙ @YI @KQ/NHJ ==3.13

• OSQ ed. = ∙ YEMV 1:^ mpprdmag

• OSQ ed. 9 ∙ YEMV 1:^ mpprdmag

Fdr idtg sajemr`ds, mftjr adhpkjt`de df tgj e-rmeoj agjab, tgj fdkkdwèo aden`t`des wjrj k`bjky<

• Mutdp`kdt gjmnèo sw`tag ∙ GNO QJK

• Amptmè men FD HN->= ∙ EMV

• Mutdp`kdt de OSQ ∙ njsjkjatjn

• Amptmè men FD GQ@

• Adursj sjkjatdr 1>?³

• Gjmnèo iuo ~39>³

• Amptmè men FD fkògt n`rjatdr ∙ MZ^D MSS

• Amptmè men FD MSN fkògt n`rjatdr ∙ mhijr VDY/KDA

• MNF ed. = ∙ YI ENI 1:3

• MNF ed. 9 ∙ YI ENI 1:3

9.6.9 VDY/KDA hdnj sjkjat`de mftjr ture (sajemr`d =)

Fdr tg`s sajemr`d, tgj fdkkdwèo mnn`t`demk aden`t`des wjrj k`bjky upde adhpkjt`de df tgj e-rmeoj agjab<

• Mutdp`kdt ∙ HME hdnj

• Amptmè men FD MSN mutdp`kdt ∙ kògts edt `kkuhèmtjn



- =3: -

O`vje tgj midvj aden`t`des, tgj fdkkdwèo sjqujeaj sgdukn gmvj daaurrjn. Ms tgj m`rarmftmpprdmagjn tgj kdamk`zjr, tgj trmab imr de tgj GQ@ wdukn hdvj èwmrn frdh tgj rògt s`nj df tgjèstruhjet. gj p`kdt wdukn ejjn td ture tgj GQ@ gjmnèo sjkjatdr bedi td rdtmtj tgj gjmnèoiuo td tgj njs`rjn ejw gjmnèo (1>?³). gj mutdp`kdt wdukn tgje ture tgj m`rarmft td tgj sjkjatjngjmnèo. Deaj jstmik`sgjn èiduen de fèmk mpprdmag, tgj p`kdt wdukn sjkjat VDY/KDA de tgjmutdp`kdt hdnj adetrdk pmejk (HAS). ^gj mpprdmag prdorjss n`spkmy (MSN) mutdp`kdt

VDY/KDA kògt wdukn kkuhèmtj orjje wgje KDA s ampturjn. gj fkògt n`rjatdr n`spkmywdukn e`t`mkky sgdw m kjft-ture-rjqu`rjn enàmt`de men tgje wèos-kjvjk enàmt`de deaj rdkkjndut de tgj kdamk`zjr. ^gj MSN fkògt n`rjatdr VDY/KDA kògt wdukn agmeoj td orjje updekdamk`zjr ampturj mt midut 9.:³ frdh tgj kdamk`zjr, men tgj ok`njskdpj kògt wdukn rjhmè mhijr.

Q`hukmtdr tjstèo sgdwjn tgmt usj df VDY/KDA hdnj rjsuktjn è trmabèo dr adevjroèo w`tgtgj kdamk`zjr. Gdwjvjr, rmnmr nmtm sgdw tgmt tgj m`rarmft stjmn`ky n`vjrojn frdh tgj kdamk`zjr,ènàmtèo VDY/KDA hdnj wms edt sjkjatjn fdkkdwèo tgj ture. ^gjrjfdrj, tg`s hjtgdn wms edtusjn.

9.6.1 VDY/KDA hdnj sjkjat`de ijfdrj ture (sajemr`d 9)

Fdr tg`s sajemr`d, tgj fdkkdwèo mnn`t`demk aden`t`des wjrj k`bjky upde adhpkjt`de df tgj e-rmeoj agjab<

• Mutdp`kdt ∙ VDY/KDA hdnj

• Amptmè men FD MSN mutdp`kdt ∙ mhijr VDY/KDA kògt

O`vje tgj midvj aden`t`des, tgj fdkkdwèo sjqujeaj sgdukn gmvj daaurrjn. Ms tgj m`rarmftmpprdmagjn tgj kdamk`zjr, tgj trmab imr de tgj GQ@ wdukn hdvj èwmrn frdh tgj rògt s`nj df tgjèstruhjet tdwmrn tgj ajetrj. gj mutdp`kdt suihdnj ijadhjs VDY/KDA ampturj, men wduknè`t`mtj tgj ture td etjrajpt tgj kdamk`zjr (rjomrnkjss df tgj gjmnèo iuo sjttèo de tgj GQ@)wgje tgj adursj njv`mt`de imr ènàmtjn midut 9 ndts frdh tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj. gj MSNmutdp`kdt VDY/KDA kògts wdukn agmeoj td orjje. ^gj gjmnèo sw`tag wdukn rjture td GNOGDKN. @e MZ^D MSS, idtg fkògt n`rjatdrs wdukn e`t`mkky ij adhhmenèo wèos-kjvjk td fkytgj sjkjatjn gjmnèo de tgj GQ@. Mt midut 9.:³ frdh tgj kdamk`zjr, tgj fkògt n`rjatdrs wduknagmeoj td ampturj hdnj, tgj adhhmen imrs wdukn adhhmen m kjft ture, men tgj MSN fkògtn`rjatdr VDY/KDA kògts wdukn agmeoj td orjje wg`kj tgj ok`njskdpj kògt wdukn `kkuhèmtjmhijr.

Ijtwjje 9 ndts men = ndt frdh tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj, wgje tgj ardss-ijmh rmtj nrdps td kjsstgme 9 h`kk`vdkts (hV) pjr sjaden men tgj imeb meokj s kjss tgme 6³, tgj mutdp`kdt suihdnjsgdukn sw`tag td VDY/KDA de adursj men tgj MSN mutdp`kdt VDY/KDA kògts wdukn rjhmèorjje. gj fkògt n`rjatdr adhhmen imrs wdukn agmeoj frdh adhhmenèo m kjft ture td

adhhmenèo m rjture td wèos-kjvjk deaj rdkkjn dut de tgj kdamk`zjr. gj p`kdt wdukn rdtmtj tgjgjmnèo iuo td mkòe w`tg tgj metà`pmtjn gjmnèo fdr rdkkèo dut df tgj ture men rjmnlust tgjiuo deaj tgj m`rarmft gmn rdkkjn wèos-kjvjk. gj amptmè‐s GQ@ gjmnèo iuo wms fduen sjt mt113³.

^gj mutdp`kdt sgdukn edw trmab tgj kdamk`zjr tdwmrn tgj ruewmy. Ms tgj mutdp`kdt men fkògtn`rjatdrs ampturj tgj ok`njskdpj, tgj MSN mutdp`kdt men fkògt n`rjatdr VDY/KDA kògts wduknrjhmè orjje, men tgj MSN fkògt n`rjatdr ok`njskdpj kògt wdukn agmeoj td orjje. gj p`kdt





- =3? -

Gdwjvjr, f VDY/KDA gmn ijje jeomojn ijfdrj tgj ture men rjhmèjn jeomojn tgrduogduttgj ture, tgj mutdp`kdt sgdukn gmvj ampturjn men trmabjn tgj kdamk`zjr. Q`hukmtdr tjstèosgdwjn tgmt usj df mutdp`kdt VDY/KDA hdnj rjsuktjn è j`tgjr ètjrajptèo men trmabèo dradevjrojeaj w`tg tgj kdamk`zjr e jvjry amsj.

^gjrjfdrj, è tg`s sajemr`d, `t `s k`bjky tgmt tgj mutdp`kdt rjvjrtjn frdh VDY/KDA hdnj td HMEhdnj mt sdhj pdèt nurèo tgj ture. ^g`s rjvjrs`de adukn deky gmvj daaurrjn `f m fdrajjxajjnèo tgj mppkàmikj njtjet wms mppk`jn td tgj adetrdk wgjjk.

^gj sajemr`d w`kk ij n`saussjn e rjkmt`de td 9 fkògt pgmsjs<

m) Frdh e-rmeoj agjab adhpkjt`de uet`k tgj fkògt rjmagjn tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj2

i) Mftjr ardssèo tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj.

9.6.1.= @e-rmeoj agjab td kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj

_g`kj tgj m`rarmft wms orjmtjr tgme 9 ndts frdh tgj kdamk`zjr (VDY/KDA mrhjn iut edt yjtampturjn), tgj mutdp`kdt rdkk agmeejk wdukn ij e gòg njtjet, ijamusj tgj gjmnèo sw`tag wmssjt td GNO QJK.

Deaj tgj m`rarmft wms midut 9 ndts frdh tgj kdamk`zjr, tgj mutdp`kdt wdukn sw`tag td VDY/KDAampturj suihdnj, men tgj gjmnèo sw`tag wdukn rjvjrt frdh GNO QJK td GNO GDKN. gjmutdp`kdt rdkk agmeejk wdukn sw`tag td kdw njtjet ijamusj df tgj GNO GDKN hdnj. @f tgj kdwnjtjet fdraj wms jxajjnjn, tgj mutdp`kdt hdnj sjkjatdr sw`tag wdukn rjvjrt frdh VDY/KDA tdHME.

^gj m`rarmft adhhjeajn tgj ture frdh m truj gjmnèo df 310³ (Fòurj =>, pdèt M), men ardssjntgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj mt =617<19 (pdèt A), rdkkèo kjft tgrduog m truj gjmnèo df 3=:³. @f tgj kdw

njtjet fdraj wms jxajjnjn ijfdrj ardssèo tgj ajetrjkèj, men `f tgj m`rarmft gmn kjss tgme :³imeb, tgj mutdp`kdt wdukn rdkk wèos-kjvjk men hmètmè m stjmny gjmnèo ijtwjje 3=:³^ men310³^, amusèo tgj m`rarmft td trmab td tgj edrtgjmst. @f tgj m`rarmft gmn orjmtjr tgme :³ imeb, tgjmutdp`kdt wdukn hmètmè tgmt imeb meokj uet`k furtgjr eputs wjrj hmnj. Gdwjvjr, tgj rmnmrmen FNY nmtm sgdw tgmt tgj m`rarmft n`n ej`tgjr df tgjsj tgèos. Mnn`t`demkky, tgj FNY sgdwstgmt tgjrj wjrj ed adetrdk wgjjk eputs hmnj uet`k mftjr tgj fkògt ardssjn tgj kdamk`zjrajetrjkèj men tgj m`rarmft gmn rdkkjn mkhdst wèos-kjvjk.

^gjrjfdrj, t s uek`bjky tgmt j`tgjr tgj njtjet fdraj wms jxajjnjn dr tgmt tgj mutdp`kdt rjvjrtjnfrdh VDY/KDA hdnj td HME nurèo tgj ture ijfdrj ardssèo tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj.

9.6.1.9 Kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj td rdkk-dut de fèmk

^gj mutdp`kdt rjhmèjn jeomojn tgrduogdut tgj mpprdmag. ^rmabèo tdwmrn HZQM^, ijfdrj tgjture detd fèmk mpprdmag, tgj mutdp`kdt wdukn gmvj e`t`mkky ijje e VDY/KDA mrhjn hdnj,w`tg tgj gjmnèo sw`tag è GNO QJK.



- =37 -

FNY nmtm fdr adetrdk wgjjk hdvjhjet men rdkk mtt`tunj sgdw tgmt tgj kjft ture ijome mt M(Fòurj =>). FNY nmtm nurèo tgj ture (M td O) w`kk ij n`saussjn è tg`s sjat`de. FNY nmtm fdr tgjpjr`dn fdkkdwèo tgj ture (O td G) w`kk ij n`saussjn è sjat`de 9.7.

^gj adetrdk wgjjk pds`t`de pkdt frdh M td I `s ades`stjet w`tg mutdp`kdt e`t`mt`de df tgj ture mstgj m`rarmft rjmagjn 9 ndts kjft df tgj kdamk`zjr mt M men tgj mutdp`kdt sw`tagjn frdh VDY/KDA

mrhjn td ampturj. Mt tg`s t`hj, tgj gjmnèo sw`tag wdukn agmeoj frdh GNO QJK td GNOGDKN, men tgj MSN mutdp`kdt VDY/KDA kògts wdukn ij `kkuhèmtjn orjje. ^gj ture ijoèsw`tg m shddtg stjjp r`sj ms tgj mutdp`kdt ijome tgj ture iy rdkkèo tgj m`rarmft td tgj kjft. ^gjrdkk rmtj èarjmsjn frdh 3 td m pjmb df :³ pjr sjaden, wgàg wms adèa`njet w`tg tgj adetrdkwgjjk hdvjhjet pjmb mt I.

^gj adetrdk wgjjk pds`t`de pkdt frdh I td A `s mksd ades`stjet w`tg mutdp`kdt dpjrmt`de. @t ijoèsw`tg m stjjp njakèj ms tgj mutdp`kdt sjesjn tgj ejjn td rjnuaj rdkk rmtj ms tgj hmx`huh imebmeokj k`h`t df 9:³ wms mpprdmagèo. Mt A, tgj imeb meokj pjmbjn mt 9>³ kjft men tgj adetrdkwgjjk rjturejn td tgj ejutrmk pds`t`de. g`s pdèt daaurrjn midut 9 sjadens mftjr tgj m`rarmftardssjn tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj.

^gj adetrdk wgjjk pds`t`de pkdt frdh A td N `s mksd ades`stjet w`tg mutdp`kdt dpjrmt`de. Ms tgjmutdp`kdt sjesjn tgj ejjn td ijoè rdkkèo dut df tgj kjft ture mt A, tgj adetrdk wgjjk adetèujntd hdvj frdh ejutrmk td tgj rògt. gj rògt adetrdk-wgjjk njfkjat`de pjmbjn mt N, mt wgàgpdèt tgj m`rarmft wms midut = ndt rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr.

^gj adetrdk wgjjk pds`t`de pkdt frdh N td J `s mksd ades`stjet w`tg mutdp`kdt dpjrmt`de. Mt N, tgjmutdp`kdt sjesjn tgj ejjn td ijoè rjnuaèo tgj rògt rdkk rmtj, men tgj adetrdk wgjjk ijomerjtureèo tdwmrn tgj ejutrmk pds`t`de.

^gj mutdp`kdt wms k`bjky st`kk e VDY/KDA ampturj suihdnj, men gmn edt yjt sw`tagjn td

VDY/KDA de adursj suihdnj, ijamusj ijtwjje N men J<• ^gj imeb meokj wms orjmtjr tgme 6³ uet`k =617<>?, midut 9 sjadens ijfdrj J2 men

• ^gj ardss-ijmh rmtj wdukn gmvj ijje orjmtjr tgme 9 hV pjr sjaden, ijamusj tgj m`rarmftwms midut = ndt rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr men n`vjroèo.

Ijamusj tgj mutdp`kdt wms st`kk è VDY/KDA ampturj suihdnj, tgj mutdp`kdt rdkk agmeejk wdukngmvj st`kk ijje dpjrmtèo mt tgj kdw njtjet (> pduens).

Frdh M td J, tgj fkògt n`rjatdr adhhmen imrs wdukn gmvj ijje adhhmenèo tures td adèa`njw`tg tgj tures hmnj iy tgj mutdp`kdt.

^gj adetrdk wgjjk pds`t`de pkdt frdh J td F `s edt ades`stjet w`tg mutdp`kdt dpjrmt`de. Zek`bjtgj shddtg hdvjhjet df tgj adetrdk wgjjk frdh M td J, tgj nmtm pkdts sgdw sjvjrmk miruptadetrdk wgjjk hdvjhjets adhhjeaèo mt J men jenèo mt F. @t `s k`bjky tgmt tgjsj hdvjhjetswjrj tgj rjsukt df hmeumk A_Q èputs iy tgj amptmè. @t `s k`bjky tgmt tgj adetrdk wgjjk èput mtJ jxajjnjn tgj mutdp`kdt rdkk agmeejk kdw-njtjet fdraj, amusèo tgj mutdp`kdt td rjvjrt frdhVDY/KDA td HME hdnj.



- =30 -

Mt J, tgj fkògt n`rjatdrs sgdukn st`kk gmvj ijje e MZ^D MSS, w`tg tgj MSN orjje VDY/KDAmen mhijr ok`njskdpj kògts kkuhèmtjn. gj mutdp`kdt hdnj rjvjrs`de wdukn edt gmvj mffjatjntgj fkògt n`rjatdrs. Ms tgj mutdp`kdt (HME men GNO GDKN hdnj) rdkkjn tgj m`rarmft wèos-kjvjk, idtg fkògt n`rjatdrs sgdukn gmvj adhhmenjn m kjft ture ijamusj tgj etjrajpt meokj imabtd tgj kdamk`zjr wms èsuffà`jet.

^gj adetrdk wgjjk èput mt J daaurrjn ms tgj m`rarmft wms tureèo kjft tgrduog m rjadrnjngjmnèo df 11>³ w`tg :³ df kjft imeb (=617<>0). _gje tgj adetrdk wgjjk eput ajmsjn, tgj imebmeokj wms 9³. @e HME hdnj men GNO GDKN, w`tg kjss tgme :³ imeb, tgj mutdp`kdt sgdukn gmvjrdkkjn wèos-kjvjk men hmètmèjn m stjmny gjmnèo deaj wèos-kjvjk. gj rdkk men gjmnèonmtm fdr F td O sgdw tgmt tgj m`rarmft ojejrmkky hmètmèjn m wèos-kjvjk mtt`tunj. Mt F, tgj m`rarmft wms mpprdx`hmtjky =.: ndts rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr. Gmn tgj mutdp`kdt rjhmèjnè VDY/KDA e kdamk`zjr ampturj suihdnj, tgj m`rarmft sgdukn gmvj adetèujn rdkkèo furtgjr tdtgj kjft, td m gjmnèo tgmt wdukn prdv`nj m su`tmikj ètjrajpt meokj imab td tgj kdamk`zjr frdh tgjrògt s`nj. Deaj tgj m`rarmft rjturejn td tgj kdamk`zjr, tgj m`rarmft sgdukn tgje gmvj turejnskògtky imab td tgj rògt, td m gjmnèo tgmt wdukn hmètmè tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj (Fòurj =:).

Fòurj =:. Jxmhpkj df VDY/KDA kdamk`zjr ampturj (samkj rjprjsjets h`kjs frdh tgj tgrjsgdkn)

^gj FNY nmtm sgdw tgmt tgj A_Q rdkk èputs ajmsjn mt =617<:1. Mt tg`s t`hj, tgj rdkk mtt`tunjwms =³ kjft imeb, men rjadrnjn gjmnèo wms 119³. gj m`rarmft adetèujn rdkkèo, men stmi`k`zjnmt =³ rògt imeb mt =610<3:, w`tg tgj rjadrnjn gjmnèo df 113³. ^gj adhpmss jrrdr wms ∙=6³2tgjrjfdrj, tgj truj gjmnèo wms 1>6³. Nurèo fèmk mpprdmag, tgj wèn wdukn gmvj rjsuktjn e 1³df rògt nr`ft. _`tg tgj wèn nr`ft, tgj rjsuktmet rmnmr trmab df FMI6:63 n`vjrojn prdorjss`vjkyfurtgjr td tgj rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr, ms sgdwe è Fòurj =:.

Ijamusj tgj m`rarmft n`n edt ture td tgj kjft imab tdwmrn tgj kdamk`zjr, tgj mutdp`kdt adukn edtgmvj ijje è VDY/KDA hdnj.

^gj adetrdk wgjjk pds`t`de rjhmèjn ueagmeojn frdh F uet`k medtgjr rògt èput mt O. ^gj

gjmnèo men rdkk efdrhmt`de ijtwjje F men O `s ades`stjet w`tg dpjrmt`de df tgj mutdp`kdt eHME men GNO GDKN.

9.6.1.1 Mwmrjejss df ueètjet`demk mutdp`kdt hdnj agmeoj

V`sumk ènàmt`des è tgj adabp`t df tgj hdnj rjvjrs`de wdukn ij tgj mutdp`kdt HAS hdnjsjkjatdr sw`tag rdtmtèo frdh VDY/KDA td HME, men tgj orjje VDY/KDA kògts de tgjamptmè men FD MSN mutdp`kdt adkuhes jxtèou`sgèo.



- ==3 -

^gj hdnj sjkjatdr sw`tag hmbjs m akàbèo sduen wgje hdvèo frdh VDY/KDA td HME.Gdwjvjr, o`vje tgj mhi`jet ed`sj kjvjk df tgj adabp`t è fkògt, men tgj fmat tgmt tgjrj wms mtrmesh`ss`de frdh APYI tdwjr mt tgj t`hj (=617<>0), t s uek`bjky tgmt tgj p`kdts wdukn edtàjtg`s sduen.

^gj hdnj sjkjatdr sw`tag wdukn gmvj rdtmtjn aduetjr-akdabw`sj frdh =9 d‐akdab td midut ==d‐akdab nurèo tgj hdnj agmeoj. @t s uek`bjky tgmt tgj p`kdts wdukn njtjat tg`s agmeoj mftjr `tgmn daaurrjn.

_g`kj è VDY/KDA ampturj suihdnj, tgj MSN mutdp`kdt VDY/KDA kògt sgdukn ij`kkuhèmtjn orjje. _gje tgj hdnj agmeoj daaurrjn, tgj orjje kògt sgdukn gmvj jxtèou`sgjn.Gdwjvjr, tgj MSN fkògt n`rjatdr orjje VDY/KDA men mhijr ok`njskdpj kògts sgdukn rjhmè`kkuhèmtjn. @t `s uek`bjky tgmt tgj p`kdts wdukn njtjat tgj misjeaj df tg`s kògt, jspja`mkky è tgjprjsjeaj df dtgjr kkuhèmtjn kògts de tgj MSN. gjrj wms ed rjadrnjn n`sauss`de ijtwjje tgjp`kdts rjomrnèo mey df tgjsj enàmt`des. gjrjfdrj, t s k`bjky tgmt tgj arjw n`n edt njtjat tgjmutdp`kdt hdnj agmeoj.

9.6.> Quhhmry df ture memkys`s

Mt =617<:3, ms FMI6:63 wms rdkkèo dut df tgj ture detd fèmk mpprdmag td tgj rògt df tgjkdamk`zjr, tgj amptmè k`bjky hmnj m adetrdk wgjjk rdkk eput tgmt amusjn tgj mutdp`kdt td rjvjrtfrdh VDY/KDA ampturj td HME men GNO GDKN hdnj.

Deaj tgj mutdp`kdt wms è GNO GDKN hdnj, tgj mutdp`kdt wdukn gmvj rdkkjn tgj m`rarmft td mwèos-kjvjk mtt`tunj men hmètmèjn wèos-kjvjk uekjss furtgjr A_Q eputs wjrj hmnj iy tgjp`kdt fkyèo (SF). FNY nmtm sgdw tgmt tgj fkògt rdkkjn mpprdx`hmtjky wèos-kjvjk mt =610<3:,w`tg m rjadrnjn gjmnèo df 113³. g`s gjmnèo wdukn mksd gmvj ijje n`spkmyjn de tgj amptmè‐sGQ@.



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Fòurj =6. =610<=3< Amptmè‐s gdr`zdetmk s`tumt`de

ènàmtdr (GQ@), ènàmtèo =?³ ètjrajpt meokj (ed. 9adhpmss w`tg ∙=6³ gjmnèo jrrdr)

Fòurj =?. Jxjhpkmr df amptmè‐s GQ@ (ed. 9

adhpmss) ènàmt`des mt =610<=3, gmn tgjrj ijje edgjmnèo jrrdr

Ms sgdwe e Fòurj =6, tgj enàmtjn gjmnèo df 113³ wdukn gmvj o`vje tgj amptmè tgjpjrajpt`de tgmt gj gmn m =?³ ètjrajpt meokj td rjture td tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj trmab df 1>?³.

^gj ed. = adhpmss gjmnèo s n`spkmyjn de tgj FD‐s GQ@. Ijamusj tgjrj wms ed rjadrnjnn`sauss`de df tgj gjmnèo adhpmrmtdr kògt, tgj ed. = adhpmss sgdukn gmvj ijje w`tgè ½7³ dftgj ed. 9 adhpmss. gjrjfdrj, tgj gjmnèo n`spkmyjn de tgj FD‐s GQ@ sgdukn gmvj ijje w`tgè½7³ df tgj amptmè‐s gjmnèo. Adesjqujetky, tgj ètjrajpt meokj de tgj FD‐s GQ@ sgdukn gmvjijje ms k`ttkj ms 0³ men ms huag ms 9:³.

^gj GQ@ s tgj pr`hmry emvòmt`demk estruhjet fdr idtg p`kdts. gj meoukmr rjkmt`desg`pijtwjje gjmnèo men kdamk`zjr (Fòurj =6) wdukn gmvj ijje m pdwjrfuk v`sumk adef`rhmt`de tdidtg p`kdts tgmt tgj etjrajpt meokj wms smt`sfmatdry, men tgmt `t sgdukn rjture tgj m`rarmft td tgjkdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj. Gdwjvjr, nuj td m ∙=6³ adhpmss jrrdr mt tg`s pdèt è tgj fkògt, tgjm`rarmft‐s truj gjmnèo wms 1>6³, ms sgdwe è Fòurj =?. _`tg 1³ df wèn nr`ft td tgj rògt, tgjrjsuktmet m`rarmft trmab (1>0³^) n`vjrojn furtgjr td tgj rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr.

_`tg m =?³ ètjrajpt, tgj m`rarmft sgdukn gmvj trmabjn imab tdwmrn tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj. g`sadrrjat`de wdukn ij njpàtjn de idtg GQ@s iy tgj ewmrn hdvjhjet df tgj adursj njv`mt`deimr. Gdwjvjr, ijamusj df tgj adhpmss jrrdr, mutdp`kdt hdnj, men wèn nr`ft, tgj m`rarmft trmab

n`vjrojn furtgjr td tgj rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr. ^g`s n`vjrojeaj wdukn gmvj ijje njpàtjn de idtgGQ@s iy tgj adetèujn dutwmrn hdvjhjet df tgj adursj njv`mt`de imr.

^gj trmab n`vjrojeaj wms èadeorujet w`tg tgj pjraj`vjn etjrajpt meokj men tgj p`kdts‐jxpjatmt`de df rjomèèo trmab. g`s èadeorujeay wdukn gmvj ejomt`vjky mffjatjn tgj p`kdts‐s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss men earjmsjn tgj`r wdrbkdmn ms tgjy mttjhptjn td uenjrstmen menrjsdkvj tg`s mhiòu`ty.





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9.7 Adhpkjt`de df ture men adetèumt`de df mpprdmag

9.7.= M`rarmft stmtj mt adhpkjt`de df ture

Mt =610<3:, tgj m`rarmft rdkkjn dut df tgj ture =¸ ndts rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr men =¸ ndts midvj tgjok`njskdpj mt 1=33 fjjt midvj sjm kjvjk (msk). Adefòurmt`de wms kmenèo ojmr ndwe men fkmps =:,

w`tg =67 B@MQ. ^gj mutdp`kdt hdnj wms k`bjky HME w`tg GNO GDKN.

9.7.9 @e`t`mk n`vjrojeaj frdh kdamk`zjr

9.7.9.= Fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr nmtm

Mt =610<=7 (kèj O df Fòurj =>), m adetrdk wgjjk hdvjhjet td tgj rògt daaurrjn. ^g`shdvjhjet `s ades`stjet w`tg m hmeumk A_Q rdkk èput iy tgj SF rmtgjr tgme m rdkk èput frdhtgj mutdp`kdt.

_gje tgj A_Q eput ajmsjn, tgj adetrdk wgjjk rjturejn td tgj ejutrmk pds`t`de, men tgj m`rarmft

rdkkjn wèos-kjvjk. gj rjhmèèo etjrvmk ijtwjje O men G sgdws tgj adetrdk wgjjk ormnumkkyhdvèo frdh ejutrmk td >³ rògt, men tgje imab td 9³ rògt mt G. Ydkk meokj, rdkk rmtj, men gjmnèonurèo tg`s pjr`dn enàmtj tgmt tgj m`rarmft wms wèos-kjvjk, njsp`tj tgj adetrdk wgjjk meokj.Deaj momè, tg`s èfdrhmt`de `s ades`stjet w`tg tgj mutdp`kdt dpjrmtèo è HME men GNOGDKN.

Mt G, medtgjr adetrdk wgjjk hdvjhjet daaurrjn, tg`s t`hj è`t`mkky td tgj kjft. ^gj hdvjhjetpjmbjn mt =3³ wgjjk-kjft, men tgje agmeojn n`rjat`de td tgj rògt, tgrduog tgj ejutrmk pds`t`detd 6³ wgjjk-rògt. gjsj hdvjhjets mrj ades`stjet w`tg hmeumk A_Q rdkk eputs iy tgj SF. De rjkjmsèo tgj wgjjk prjssurj mt =610<10, tgj mutdp`kdt hdnj mkhdst ajrtmèky rjturejn td

GNO GDKN. ^gj FNY nmtm sgdw tgmt tgj adetrdk wgjjk skdwky hdvjn frdh 6³ wgjjk-rògt tdejutrmk mt =610<:3. gj rdkk nmtm kmo tgj wgjjk pds`t`de nmtm skògtky, w`tg tgj m`rarmft rjmagèowèos-kjvjk mt =6>3<3?. ^gj gjmnèo nmtm hmtag tgj rdkk nmtm, w`tg tgj rjadrnjn gjmnèostmi`k`zèo mt midut 113³.

9.7.9.9 Arjw hjetmk hdnjks fdkkdwèo ture detd fèmk mpprdmag

Frdh =610<=1 td =610<13 (Mppjen`x M), tgj FD hmnj : stmtjhjets rjomrnèo tgj m`rarmft‐sprdorjss`vj n`vjrojeaj td tgj rògt df tgj njs`rjn trmab, enàmtèo tgmt gj wms akdsjkyhde`tdrèo tgj m`rarmft pds`t`de. ^gj amptmè mabedwkjnojn tgj FD‐s è`t`mk stmtjhjet. Nurèotg`s pjr`dn, mt =610<91, FMI6:63 rjmagjn m pds`t`de adèa`njet w`tg 9 ndts rògt df tgj kdamk`zjrmen st`kk =¸ ndts midvj tgj ok`njskdpj. Mt =610<9>.9, tgj FD hmnj m stmtjhjet rjfjrrèo td fukknjfkjat`de frdh tgj kdamk`zjr.

Mt =610<11 men =610<16, tgj amptmè hmnj 9 stmtjhjets tgmt suoojst tgmt gj wms smt`sf`jn tgmt tgjmutdp`kdt wms trmabèo prdpjrky. gjsj stmtjhjets adèa`njn w`tg tgj adetrdk wgjjk hdvjhjetmt G n`saussjn è tgj sjat`de midvj.

^gj amptmè k`bjky ijk`jvjn tgmt tgj mutdp`kdt hdnj wms st`kk VDY/KDA, ijamusj tgjy gmnjetjrjn tgj ture e VDY/KDA men gmn rdkkjn dut df tgj ture w`tg m rjmsdemikj rj-ètjrajpt



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meokj fdkkdwèo tgj e`t`mk kdamk`zjr dvjrsgddt. gj amptmè‐s stmtjhjets men tgj adetrdk wgjjkhdvjhjet mt G suoojst tgmt tgj amptmè wms k`bjky pjrfdrhèo m tjst td vjr`fy tgmt tgj mutdp`kdthdnj morjjn w`tg g`s hjetmk hdnjk.

^gj amptmè‐s hjetmk hdnjk wms k`bjky tgmt tgj mutdp`kdt wdukn rj-ètjrajpt tgj kdamk`zjr frdhtgj rògt men m kmenèo wdukn fdkkdw. Gdwjvjr, tgj FD‐s hjetmk hdnjk wms k`bjky tgmt tgj

m`rarmft wms st`kk n`vjroèo td tgj rògt df tgj njs`rjn trmab, njsp`tj me mppmrjet etjrajpt meokj.^g`s n`ffjrjeaj e hjetmk hdnjks s tgj f`rst enàmt`de tgmt tgj p`kdts‐ sgmrjn s`tumt`demkmwmrjejss wms irjmbèo ndwe.

^gj fkògt n`rjatdrs k`bjky sw`tagjn frdh MZ^D MSS etjrajpt td MZ^D MSS ampturj mt pdèt Mmt =617<9= ms tgj ture ijome. Mt pdèt J, tgj mutdp`kdt suihdnj agmeojn frdh VDY/KDAampturj td HME men GNO GDKN. Gdwjvjr, tgj fkògt n`rjatdrs wdukn edt gmvj ijje mffjatjniy tgj adetrdk wgjjk hdvjhjets, men wdukn gmvj rjhmèjn e MZ^D MSS. Adesjqujetky, tgjadhhmen imrs wdukn gmvj ijje adhhmenèo m kjft ture tdwmrn tgj kdamk`zjr, tgj MSN fkògtn`rjatdr VDY/KDA kògts wdukn gmvj rjhmèjn orjje, men tgj ok`njskdpj kògts wdukn gmvjrjhmèjn mhijr.

@f tgj KDA njv`mt`de sòemk jxajjns tgj k`h`t (9.:³ fdr tgj kdamk`zjr) nurèo tgj 03 sjadens mftjrKDA ampturj, tgj fkògt n`rjatdr MSN VDY/KDA meeuea`mtdr mhijr kògt w`kk `kkuhèmtj mentgj orjje kògt w`kk jxtèou`sg, ms tgj fkògt n`rjatdr rjvjrts frdh KDA ampturj td KDA etjrajpt.

Mt =610<:=, 03 sjadens mftjr tgj fkògt n`rjatdrs sw`tagjn td MZ^D MSS ampturj mt M, tgj m`rarmftwms orjmtjr tgme 9.:³ dff tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj. @t `s k`bjky tgmt idtg fkògt n`rjatdrs rjvjrtjn tdMZ^D MSS etjrajpt hdnj. gj adhhmen imrs wdukn tgje prdv`nj ou`nmeaj td fky td menhmètmè tgj sjkjatjn gjmnèo de tgj GQ@.

^gj amptmè‐s GQ@ gjmnèo iuo wms fduen mt 113³. Mt =610<:=, wgje tgj 03-sjaden pjr`dn

jkmpsjn, tgj rjadrnjn gjmnèo wms 190³. Mssuhèo tgmt tgj amptmè‐s gjmnèo iuo wms sjt mt113³, tgjrj wdukn ij deky =³ n`ffjrjeaj ijtwjje enàmtjn gjmnèo men sjkjatjn gjmnèo, menmey fkògt n`rjatdr rdkk adhhmen wdukn ij mkhdst hpjrajptìkj. gjrjfdrj, t s k`bjky tgmt tgjamptmè‐s fkògt n`rjatdr wms adhhmenèo wèos-kjvjk dr mkhdst wèos-kjvjk mftjr rjvjrtèo tdMZ^D MSS etjrajpt hdnj. g`s stmtj wdukn ij m pdwjrfuk rjèfdrajhjet fdr tgj amptmè tgmttgj mppmrjet etjrajpt meokj imab td tgj kdamk`zjr wms suffà`jet. Gdwjvjr, tgj GQ@ adursjnjv`mt`de imr wdukn gmvj rjhmèjn mt `ts hmx`huh njfkjat`de, 9 ndts, njsp`tj furtgjrnjv`mt`des dff tgj kdamk`zjr ijyden 9 ndts.

@enàmt`des mvm`kmikj td tgj amptmè tgmt m fkògt n`rjatdr hdnj agmeoj gmn daaurrjn wdukn gmvjijje m agmeoj e adhhmen imr pds`t`de frdh adhhmenèo m kjft ture td adhhmenèo wèos-kjvjk, men tgj MSN fkògt n`rjatdr VDY/KDA kògt agmeoèo frdh orjje td mhijr. ^gjadhhmen imrs mrj e tgj mtt`tunj n`rjatdr enàmtdr (MN@), men tgj MSN kògts mrj midvj tgjmkt`hjtjr, midut 6 èagjs td tgj rògt df tgj MN@.

@f tgjsj agmeojs daaurrjn wg`kj tgj amptmè‐s mttjet`de wms jksjwgjrj, t wdukn ij hdrj n`ffàukttd njtjat tgj agmeojn stmtj df tgj estruhjets upde rjtureèo g`s mttjet`de td tgjh. gjrjfdrj, t`s pdssìkj tgmt tgj amptmè n`n edt njtjat tgj fkògt n`rjatdr hdnj agmeoj.



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@f tgj hdnj agmeoj gmn edt daaurrjn men tgj amptmè‐s adhhmen imrs adetèujn td adhhmen mkjft ture td tgj kdamk`zjr, t s jxtrjhjky uek`bjky tgmt tgj amptmè wdukn oedrj tg`s auj w`tgdutadhhjetèo de t. O`vje tgj FD‐s rjpjmtjn stmtjhjets midut hukt`pkj enàmt`des df njv`mt`defrdh tgj kdamk`zjr, `f g`s fkògt n`rjatdr adhhmen imrs gmn ijje adhhmenèo m kjft ture, `t `smkhdst ajrtmè tgmt gj wdukn gmvj hjet`dejn tg`s. gjrj wms ed n`sauss`de ijtwjje tgj p`kdtsmidut adhhmen imrs dr MSN kògts mt mey t`hj nurèo tgj mpprdmag, suoojstèo tgmt ej`tgjr

p`kdt wms mwmrj tgmt tgj hdnj agmeoj gmn daaurrjn.

^gj FD adetèujn td vdàj g`s adeajre tgmt tgjy wjrj prdorjss`vjky n`vjroèo furtgjr td tgjrògt. Gj mksd enàmtjn tgmt m sjaden emv-m`n, tgj OSQ, adef`rhjn tgmt tgjy wjrj rògt df tgjnjs`rjn trmab. gj fkògt n`rjatdr rjvjrs`de k`bjky daaurrjn midut tgj smhj t`hj tgj FDhjet`dejn tgj OSQ. @t `s pdssìkj tgmt tgj FD wms kddbèo mt tgj OSQ, wgàg wms kdamtjn de tgjajetrj adesdkj ejmr g`s kjft bejj. @f tgj agmeojs td tgj fkògt n`rjatdr adhhmen imrs men MSNkògts daaurrjn wg`kj tgj FD‐s mttjet`de wms de tgj OSQ, `t wdukn ij hdrj n`ffàukt td njtjat tgjagmeojn stmtj df tgj èstruhjets upde rjtureèo g`s mttjet`de td tgjh. ^gjrjfdrj, `t `s pdssìkjtgmt tgj FD n`n edt njtjat tgj fkògt n`rjatdr hdnj agmeoj.

^gj FD‐s GQ@ gjmnèo iuo wms edt fduen, men `ts sjttèo `s uebedwe. Mssuhèo tgmt tgj FDmksd sjt g`s gjmnèo iuo td tgj gjmnèo tgmt tgj m`rarmft rdkkjn dut de, g`s fkògt n`rjatdr, deaj èMZ^D MSS etjrajpt hdnj, wdukn mksd ij adhhmenèo wèos-kjvjk dr mkhdst wèos-kjvjk. gjFD‐s stmtjhjet mt =610<:? suoojsts tgmt g`s fkògt n`rjatdr wms è MZ^D MSS, iut gj n`n edthjet`de tgj MSN kògts. @t s k`bjky tgmt tgj FD wms rjfjrrèo td g`s fkògt n`rjatdr hdnj sjkjatdrsw`tag ijèo è tgj MZ^D MSS pds`t`de. Yjomrnkjss df wgjtgjr tgj FD wms mwmrj df tgj fkògtn`rjatdr hdnj agmeoj, g`s uenjrstmenèo df tgj trmab njv`mt`de wms imsjn de tgj GQ@ adursjn`spkmajhjet imr men tgj OSQ. gjsj 9 enàmtdrs suppdrtjn g`s hjetmk hdnjk tgmt tgj m`rarmftwms rògt df trmab men tgjy ejjnjn td od mrduen, ms jv`njeajn iy g`s rjpjmtjn stmtjhjets tdtgmt jffjat.

Frdh =610<:= uet`k =6>=<3:, tgj rjadrnjn gjmnèo wms w`tgè tgj rmeoj df 190³ td 119³. _`tg tgjamptmè‐s GQ@ gjmnèo iuo sjt mt 113³, g`s fkògt n`rjatdr adhhmen imrs wdukn gmvj ijjeadhhmenèo wèos-kjvjk.

^gj p`kdts k`bjky n`n edt njtjat tgmt tgj fkògt n`rjatdrs gmn rjvjrtjn td MZ^D MSS etjrajpthdnj. @e tg`s hdnj, tgj fkògt n`rjatdr adhhmen imrs prdv`njn rdkk ou`nmeaj td tgj sjkjatjngjmnèo (wèos-kjvjk adhhmen) rmtgjr tgme td tgj kdamk`zjr (kjft-ture adhhmen). gj mppmrjetmorjjhjet ijtwjje tgj GQ@ (rògt df trmab) men tgj fkògt n`rjatdr (wèos-kjvjk) k`bjky mssurjntgj amptmè tgmt tgj etjrajpt meokj wms suffà`jet td rjture tgj m`rarmft td tgj sjkjatjn adursj.^gj FD k`bjky put hdrj wjògt de tgj pds`t`demk efdrhmt`de df tgj trmab imr men OSQ. g`ss`tumt`de rjprjsjetjn m n`vjrojeaj e hjetmk hdnjks tgmt njormnjn tgj arjw‐s mi`k`ty td rjsdkvjtgj emvòmt`demk `ssujs.

9.7.1 Fukk kdamk`zjr njfkjat`de

^gj GQ@s gmn k`bjky ijje ènàmtèo fukk-samkj kdamk`zjr njfkjat`de mftjr =610<91. Nurèo tgjsuisjqujet >>-sjaden pjr`dn, tgj p`kdts wjrj jeomojn e m n`sauss`de df m`rarmft pds`t`de. Mt=610<9>.9, tgj FD stmtjn, ‛Edw wj‐rj tgrduog t.‘ g`s stmtjhjet wms k`bjky me mttjhpt td mkjrttgj amptmè td fukk-samkj njfkjat`de. ^grduogdut tgj n`sauss`de, tgj FD adetèujn td hde`tdrm`rarmft pds`t`de2 mt =6>3<3?, tgj FD stmtjn tgmt tgjy gmn fukk njfkjat`de (Mppjen`x N). gj



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uttjrmeaj wms pgrmsjn ms m qujst`de sjjbèo adef`rhmt de frdh tgj amptmè. Mt tg`s t`hj, tgjm`rarmft wms >.? eh frdh tgj ruewmy tgrjsgdkn men midut 9733 fjjt rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr, wjkk èjxajss df 9 ndts.

Fukk-samkj njfkjat`de s me uenjs`rjn m`rarmft stmtj, ijamusj smfjty hmroès ame ed kdeojr ijmssurjn. Ijamusj tgj GQ@ s k`h`tjn td n`spkmyèo m hmx`huh df 9 ndts njfkjat`de, mey furtgjr

n`spkmajhjet ijyden 9 ndts wdukn edt ij mppmrjet td tgj p`kdts. Ms njsarìjn e sjat`de=.=?.9.7.9, p`kdts mrj tmuogt nurèo e`t`mk estruhjet trmèèo tgmt fukk-samkj njfkjat`de df tgjkdamk`zjr rjqu`rjs m h`ssjn mpprdmag. ^gj MDH prdv`njn m amkk td ij hmnj wgjejvjr tgjkdamk`zjr adursj njv`mt`de jxajjnjn = ndt frdh tgj ajetrj, iut n`n edt prdv`nj m stmenmrn amkkmen rjspdesj fdr fukk-samkj njfkjat`de.

^gj amptmè‐s rjspdesj, mt =6>3<37, mabedwkjnojn tgmt tgjy wjrj mt fukk njfkjat`de, men enàmtjntgmt gj adukn edt rjadea`kj tgj FD‐s stmtjhjet midut fukk njfkjat`de w`tg g`s dwe hjetmk hdnjktgmt tgjy wdukn rj-ètjrajpt tgj kdamk`zjr frdh tgj rògt.

^gj FD‐s stmtjhjet, mt =6>3<==, enàmtjs tgmt gj wms ajrtmè tgmt tgj m`rarmft wms edt de tgj

kdamk`zjr. gj amptmè‐s rjspdesj, mt =6>3<=>, enàmtjs tgmt gj wms st`kk adevèajn tgmt tgjmutdp`kdt wms e VDY/KDA hdnj men gmn ampturjn tgj kdamk`zjr, men gj adef`rhjn tgmt tgjygmn sjkjatjn tgj adrrjat @KQ frjqujeay.

Mt =6>3<=?, tgj FD vdàjn g`s n`smorjjhjet rjomrnèo kdamk`zjr ampturj, men hjet`dejn tgj g`kktd tgj rògt df tgj m`rpdrt. g`s adhhueàmt`de enàmtjs tgmt tgj FD wms mwmrj tgmt tgjmutdp`kdt gmn edt ampturjn tgj kdamk`zjr, men uenjrstddn tgj g`kk td ij m gmzmrn.

Mt =6>3<91, tgj FD deaj momè stmtjn tgmt tgj OSQ sgdwjn rògt df trmab.

^gj arjw n`n edt hmètmè m sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss. Ms tgj mpprdmag adetèujn, tgj

p`kdts n`n edt jffjat`vjky adhhueàmtj tgj`r rjspjat`vj pjrajpt`de, uenjrstmenèo, men futurjprdljat`de df tgj m`rarmft stmtj.

9.7.> Od-mrduen suoojst`de

Nurèo tgj ture detd fèmk mpprdmag, tgj FD wms daaup`jn w`tg adefòurmt`de menadhhueàmt`des tmsbs mt tgj t`hj tgj m`rarmft pmssjn = ndt rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr. Ms madesjqujeaj, tgj ‛kdamk`zjr‘ amkk n`n edt daaur.

Mftjr tgj m`rarmft rdkkjn dut df tgj ture, tgj FD `njet`f`jn tgmt tgj m`rarmft wms td tgj rògt df tgjkdamk`zjr men wms n`vjroèo. Mktgduog tgj FD n`n edt usj tgj rjqu`rjn pgrmsjdkdoy df‛kdamk`zjr‘ td mkjrt tgj amptmè td tgj njv`mt`de, gj n`n rjpjmtjnky mttjhpt td pdèt dut tgjprdikjh, ms gj wms rjqu`rjn td nd iy tgj agjabk`st pg`kdsdpgy njsarìjn e MDH Vdkuhj =,pmoj 31.93.9. =:7 @e ndèo sd, gj rjfjrrjn td idtg tgj kdamk`zjr men tgj YEMV Y_P 1: ^YZJ fèmkmpprdmag trmab.

=:7 F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==), SG@KDQDSGP MEN

YZKJQ FDY ZQJ DF AGJABK@Q^, pmoj 31.93.9



- ==? -

^g`s adhhueàmt`de daaurrjn nurèo me 73-sjaden (=610<=1 td =6>3<11) n`sauss`de ijtwjje tgjp`kdts tgmt fdausjn jxakus`vjky de m`rarmft emvòmt`de. gj FD‐s stmtjhjets n`n edt efkujeaj tgjamptmè‐s mat`des, k`bjky ijamusj tgjy njet`f`jn pmrmhjtjrs rmtgjr tgme adesjqujeajs menrjqu`rjn mat`de. Me jxmhpkj df kmeoumoj tgmt njet`f`js adesjqujeajs men rjqu`rjn mat`dewdukn ij< ‛_j mrj mt r`sb df g`ttèo tgj g`kk2 wj hust od mrduen.‘

^gj p`kdts sg`ftjn etd sdkvèo tgj emvòmt`demk prdikjh men njkmyjn adefòurèo tgj m`rarmft fdrkmenèo. g`s prdikjh sdkvèo wms me mnn`t`demk tmsb, edt edrhmkky mssda`mtjn w`tg tg`s ar`tàmkpgmsj df fkògt, wgàg jsamkmtjn tgj wdrbkdmn w`tgdut rjsdkvèo tgj prdikjh.

Adhpkàmtèo hmttjrs, jmag p`kdt wms tryèo td sdkvj m n`ffjrjet prdikjh. gj amptmè wms tryèotd sdkvj tgj prdikjh df etjrajptèo tgj kdamk`zjr men kmenèo tgj m`rarmft, men tgj FD wms tryèotd sdkvj tgj prdikjh df ojttèo tgj amptmè td agmeoj g`s adursj df mat`de men è`t`mtj m od-mrduen. g`s hjmet tgmt ej`tgjr p`kdt wms jffjat`vjky adhhueàmtèo td rjsdkvj tgj s`tumt`de.

^gj n`sauss`de gmn edt rjmssurjn tgj FD midut tgj trmljatdry df tgj m`rarmft, men n`n edt rjsuktè tgj amptmè agmeoèo g`s adursj df mat`de. Adesjqujetky, mt =6>3<13, tgj FD èfdrhmkky

suoojstjn tgmt tgjy nd m od-mrduen men tgje tmkb tgj medhmky tgrduog.

Gdwjvjr, tgj stmtjhjet wms vdàjn ms me dpè`de, men n`n edt eakunj tgj pgrmsj ‛od-mrduen‘.^g`s stmtjhjet enàmtjs tgmt tgj FD‐s hjetmk hdnjk wms edw tgmt tgj m`rarmft wms fukk-samkjnjfkjat`de frdh tgj kdamk`zjr men m od-mrduen wms rjqu`rjn. gj suoojst`de wms edt suffà`jetkymssjrt`vj mt m t`hj wgje me jsamkmt`de df adhhueàmt`de wms ejjnjn, men n`n edt adevèaj tgjamptmè td n`sadetèuj tgj mpprdmag.

^gjrj mrj sjvjrmk pdssìkj rjmsdes wgy tgj FD‐s od-mrduen suoojst`de hmy gmvj ijje pgrmsjnms t wms. Fukk-samkj kdamk`zjr njfkjat`de s sjkndh sjje e adetjhpdrmry m`r trmespdrt dpjrmt`des,men t s pdssìkj tgmt tgj FD gmn edt jxpjr`jeajn fukk-samkj njfkjat`de sèaj g`s e`t`mk

èstruhjet fkyèo trmèèo. Mnn`t`demkky, wg`kj tgj MDH spja`f`jn m amkkdut td `njet`fy mnjv`mt`de è jxajss df = ndt, tgjrj wms ed ou`nmeaj ms td wgmt pgrmsjs td usj dr wgmt mat`dehust ij tmbje mt fukk njfkjat`de. Od-mrduen s m hmedjuvrj k`bjky sjje hdrj frjqujetky nurèos`hukmtdr trmèèo tgme kèj dpjrmt`des, men s typàmkky e`t`mtjn mt tgj h`ssjn mpprdmag pdèt,rmtgjr tgme sjvjrmk h`kjs ijfdrj tgj h`ssjn mpprdmag pdèt.

Fdr me @KQ mpprdmag, tgj MDH spja`f`js pgrmsjs td ij usjn iy tgj SEF men SF mt nja`s`degjògt =:0 (sjj sjat`de =.=?.9.0.= è tg`s rjpdrt). ^gj SEF stmenmrn amkkduts mrj ‛Hè`huhs,ruewmy e sògt‘ dr ‛Hè`huhs, ed adetmat.‘ gj pgrmsjs nd edt rjfjr td od-mrduen, iutèstjmn mkjrt tgj SF td tgj m`rarmft stmtj men rjqu`rj tgj SF td hmbj m nja`s`de. Imsjn de tgjm`rarmft stmtj efdrhmt`de prdv`njn iy tgj SEF, tgj SF enàmtjs tgmt gj s j`tgjr kmenèo drè`t`mtèo m od-mrduen. @e tgj jvjet df m od-mrduen nja`s`de, tgj SF stmtjs ‛Od-mrduen tgrust,fkmp =:.‘ gj od-mrduen prdajnurj (rjprdnuajn e sjat`de =.=?.9.0.=, Fòurj ?) spja`f`js mskògtky n`ffjrjet pgrmsj fdr tgj SF< ‛Od mrduen, fkmps =:.‘ =63

=:0 @i`n., Q^MENMYN AMKKDZ^Q, pmoj 31.19.=

=63 @i`n., OD-MYDZEN SYDAJNZYJ (QS??), pmoj 31.63.1:



- ==7 -

^gj QDS ou`nmeaj fdr tgj SEF wms deky td prdv`nj èfdrhmt`de td tgj SF. ^gj SF tgje hmbjstgj nja`s`de wgjtgjr td od mrduen, men è`t`mtjs tgj od-mrduen iy stmtèo me jxjaut`vjadhhmen< ‛Od mrduen, fkmps =:.‘

@e tgj misjeaj df stmenmrn pgrmsjdkdoy mppkàmikj td g`s aurrjet s`tumt`de, tgj FD gmn td`hprdv`sj g`s od-mrduen suoojst`de.

9.7.: Mpprdmag adetèumt`de fdkkdwèo fukk njfkjat`de

M od-mrduen mt fukk njfkjat`de s m njfjeaj momèst tgj tgrjmt df adkk`s`de w`tg tjrrmè duts`nj tgj@KQ prdtjatjn mrjm.

Mt =6>3<11, tgj amptmè mabedwkjnojn tgj FD‐s suoojst`de, men ènàmtjn tgmt gj wduknadetèuj tgj mpprdmag. ^gj amptmè‐s mabedwkjnojhjet df tgj FD‐s od-mrduen suoojst`deènàmtjs tgmt tgj amptmè gmn gjmrn tgj suoojst`de.

Quisjqujet pmrmormpgs njsarìj tgj amptmè‐s k`bjky hjetmk hdnjk men jxpkmè wgy t hmnj

sjesj td g`h td adetèuj tgj mpprdmag o`vje g`s pjrajpt`de men uenjrstmenèo df tgj s`tumt`de,njsp`tj tgj adhhueàmt`des frdh tgj FD.

^gj amptmè k`bjky tgduogt tgmt gj wms adetrdkkèo tgj m`rarmft tgrduog tgj mutdp`kdt men tgmt tgjmutdp`kdt wms emvòmtèo imab td tgj kdamk`zjr men detd tgj ok`njskdpj. Adeaurrjetky, gj wmsk`bjky mttjhptèo td rjadea`kj g`s hjetmk hdnjk w`tg tgj hdvjhjet men pds`t`de df tgj adursjnjv`mt`de imr de g`s GQ@. ^gjsj tmsbs wjrj m gòg wdrbkdmn fdr tgj amptmè mt tg`s t`hj.

^gjrj mrj m euhijr df jev`rdehjetmk aujs mvm`kmikj e tgj adabp`t td prdv`nj efdrhmt`de td tgjp`kdts midut mutdp`kdt mpprdmag hdnj prdorjss. Ms n`saussjn e sjat`de 9.6.1.1, tgj arjw k`bjkyn`n edt pjraj`vj tgjsj aujs dr adrrjkmtj tgjh w`tg tgj mutdp`kdt hdnj agmeoj frdh VDY/KDAtd HME.

Mt tg`s t`hj, tgj amptmè‐s k`bjky njs`rjn adursj df mat`de wms td hmètmè tgj aurrjet gjmnèo tdrj-ètjrajpt tgj kdamk`zjr men ukt`hmtjky td kmen mt APYI. G`s njs`rjn adursj df mat`de wmsèfkujeajn iy tgj fdkkdwèo<

• ^gj mutdp`kdt hdnj k`bjky sw`tagjn td HME men GNO GDKN nurèo tgj rdkk-dut frdhtgj ture, men tgj amptmè st`kk ijk`jvjn tgmt `t wms è VDY/KDA men tgmt `t wmsètjrajptèo men wdukn trmab tgj kdamk`zjr.

• ^gj aurrjet jrrdejdus gjmnèo rjsuktjn e me mppmrjet ètjrajpt meokj wgje, e fmat, tgjtruj gjmnèo wms n`vjrojet. g`s pdwjrfuk suppdrtèo auj wms n`spkmyjn n`rjatky efrdet df g`h de tgj GQ@.

• ^gj amptmè‐s fkògt n`rjatdr wms k`bjky e MZ^D MSS etjrajpt hdnj, men wdukn gmvjijje adhhmenèo wèos-kjvjk.

• ^gj amptmè gmn prjv`dus suaajssfuk jxpjr`jeajs kmenèo e pddr wjmtgjr aden`t`des.

• ^gj amptmè hmy gmvj jxpjatjn td irjmb dut df tgj akdun imsj men maqu`rj v`sumkrjfjrjeaj mt dr ijkdw ?33 fjjt mok. ^g`s jxpjatmt`de df maqu`rèo v`sumk rjfjrjeaj wduknsuppdrt tgj amptmè‐s njs`rjn adursj df mat`de td kmen tgj m`rarmft. (^gj arjw wjrj mwmrj



- ==0 -

tgmt tgj wjmtgjr mt APYI gmn fkuatumtjn ijtwjje 933 fjjt mok men ¸ sh mt =:33 men ?33fjjt mok men =3 sh mt =633.)

• Od-mrduen s typàmkky e`t`mtjn mt tgj h`ssjn mpprdmag pdèt rmtgjr tgme sjvjrmk h`kjsijfdrj tgj h`ssjn mpprdmag pdèt.

@earjmsjn strjss kjvjks hmy rjsukt e mttjet`demk emrrdwèo (sjat`de =.=?.7.1), men ame mnvjrsjky`hpmat m p`kdt‐s mi`k`ty td pjraj`vj men jvmkumtj aujs frdh tgj jev`rdehjet. Mttjet`demkemrrdwèo ame kjmn td adef`rhmt`de i`ms, wgàg amusjs pjdpkj td sjjb dut aujs tgmt suppdrt tgjnjs`rjn adursj df mat`de, td tgj pdssìkj jxakus`de df ar`tàmk aujs tgmt hmy suppdrt me mktjremtj,kjss njs`rmikj gypdtgjs`s.

^gj FD‐s suoojst`de tgmt tgjy nd m od-mrduen rjprjsjets tgj mktjremtj gypdtgjs`s. ^gjrj wjrjhukt`pkj aujs suppdrtèo tg`s gypdtgjs`s<

• Adursj njv`mt`de imr hdvjhjet td tgj kjft td fukk njfkjat`de,

• OSQ ènàmt`des, men

• Hukt`pkj stmtjhjets frdh tgj FD.

O`vje tgj amptmè‐s wdrbkdmn, gj wms k`bjky jxpjr`jeaèo earjmsjn strjss. g`s strjss wdukngmvj hmnj g`h susajptìkj td tgj efkujeaj df adef`rhmt`de i`ms men mttjet`demk emrrdwèo. g`ssusajptì`k`ty wdukn hmbj t n`ffàukt fdr tgj amptmè td pjraj`vj men jvmkumtj dtgjr aujs suag mstgdsj dffjrjn iy tgj FD men iy tgj adursj njv`mt`de imr men OSQ. Mnn`t`demkky, ms tgj SF, tgjamptmè‐s pr`hmry rdkj wms adetrdkkèo tgj m`rarmft, wgàg n`hè`sgjn tgj t`hj mvm`kmikj td g`htd hmètmè me dvjrv`jw df tgj s`tumt`de men fdrhukmtj m strmtjoy.

@t `s k`bjky tgmt tgj amptmè n`n edt fukky adhprjgjen èfdrhmt`de tgmt ènàmtjn tgmt g`s dròèmkpkme wms ed kdeojr v`mikj. Mktgduog gj k`bjky uenjrstddn tgj FD‐s od-mrduen suoojst`de, tgjsuoojst`de adefkàtjn w`tg tgj amptmè‐s pkme td adhpkjtj tgj mpprdmag men kmen. gjrjfdrj, tgjFD‐s suoojst`de wdukn gmvj ijje kjss njs`rmikj td tgj amptmè.

^gj amptmè‐s rjspdesj td tgj FD adhhjeajn hhjn`mtjky mftjr tgj FD fè`sgjn spjmbèo2 tgjamptmè n`n edt tmbj mey t`hj td jvmkumtj tgj FD‐s suoojst`de. ^gj misjeaj df mey jvmkumt`de dftgj FD‐s suoojst`de s enàmt`vj df tgj amptmè ijèo mffjatjn iy pkme adetèumt`de i`ms (sjat`de=.=7.=). ^gj amptmè k`bjky njfjrrjn mey nja`s`de td od mrduen, men njfmuktjn td g`s dròèmk pkmetd rj-ètjrajpt tgj kdamk`zjr men kmen.

^gj fuenmhjetmk n`smorjjhjet ijtwjje m suoojst`de td od mrduen men adetèumt`de df tgjmpprdmag s m strdeo enàmtdr df furtgjr irjmbndwe e tgj p`kdts‐ sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss.^gj adesjqujeaj df tg`s furtgjr irjmbndwe wms tgmt `t adhprdh`sjn tgj p`kdts‐ mi`k`ty td

adhhueàmtj jffjat`vjky, men t ijamhj me mnn`t`demk prdikjh tgmt tgj arjw ejjnjn td sdkvj.

Mt =6>3<1:, tgj FD mabedwkjnojn tgj amptmè‐s stmtjhjet men tgj mpprdmag wms adetèujn.

9.7.6 Zestmikj mpprdmag men adetèumt`de df mpprdmag

^gj QDSs rjqu`rjn tgj SEF td hmbj m amkkdut (pds`t`de, mkt`tunj, mkt`hjtjr, men èstruhjetardss-agjab) mt tgj fèmk mpprdmag f`x (FMF) men m amkkdut fdr pmrmhjtjrs jxajjnèo tdkjrmeajs



- =93 -

wg`kj es`nj tgj FMF (sjat`des =.=?.9.7.1 men =.=?.9.7.:). gj FD n`n edt hmbj j`tgjr tgj amkkdutms FMI6:63 pmssjn mijmh SDBME FMF dr m amkkdut fdr jxajss`vj m`rspjjn.

^gj misjeaj df tgjsj amkkduts s enàmt`vj df tgj FD‐s gòg wdrbkdmn es`nj tgj FMF, ms wjkk msdf g`s pr`dr`t`zmt`de, e tgmt gj wms mkhdst ajrtmèky hdrj adeajrejn w`tg ojttèo tgj amptmè tdnd m od-mrduen tgme w`tg hmbèo adrrjat`des td èn`v`numk mpprdmag pmrmhjtjrs.

^gj adhpmey‐s stmikj mpprdmag ar`tjr`m wjrj njsarìjn e tgj F`rst M`r Fkògt Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk(FDH) =6= (sjat`de =.=?.9.7.> è tg`s rjpdrt). Mktgduog tgj FDH prdv`njn pdkày ou`nmeaj, tgjrjwms ed adhpkjhjetmry prdajnurmk ou`nmeaj e tgj MDH njsarìèo gdw tgj pdkày wdukn ij`hpkjhjetjn, s`h`kmr td stmenmrn pgrmsjdkdoy men mat`des spja`f`jn fdr dtgjr jvjets suag msrjmagèo nja`s`de gjògt. @e tgj misjeaj df m prdajnurmk frmhjwdrb fdr e`t`mtèo m od-mrduen etgj jvjet df me uestmikj mpprdmag, p`kdts gmn td hprdv`sj.

^gj evjstòmt`de jxmhèjn gdw F`rst M`r‐s AP\F-imsjn I?1? p`kdts wdukn, e tgj rdkj df SEF,mnv`sj tgj SF df me uestmikj mpprdmag men tgj ejjn td od mrduen. S`kdts wjrj mwmrj tgmt edQDSs jx`stjn fdr tg`s s`tumt`de, men p`kdt rjspdesjs vmr`jn. Qdhj p`kdts struookjn td meswjr tgj

qujst`de, tmbèo up td 03 sjadens td rjspden td m s`tumt`de tgmt e tgj adabp`t wdukn rjqu`rj`hhjn`mtj mat`de.

Mt =6>3<>=.0, tgj FD stmtjn, ‛_j‐rj 1 h`kj fèmk2 wj‐rj edt adefòojn.‘ gj m`rarmft wms de tgjok`njskdpj mt ==>3 fjjt msk (093 fjjt midvj m`rpdrt jkjvmt`de) w`tg kmenèo ojmr ndwe men fkmps=:. Jeoèj tgrust wms ijèo rjnuajn td `nkj, k`bjky ijamusj tgj amptmè ejjnjn td rjnuajm`rspjjn td jemikj furtgjr adefòurmt`de agmeojs. M`rarmft pds`t`de wms 9.0 eh frdh tgj ruewmytgrjsgdkn, w`tg fukk-samkj kdamk`zjr njfkjat`de de tgj GQ@s.

^gj mkt`tunj tgrjsgdkn ijkdw wgàg tgj adhpmey‐s stmikj mpprdmag pdkày mppk`jn men rjqu`rjnme hhjn`mtj od-mrduen f tgj mpprdmag wms edt stmikj wms =333 fjjt midvj m`rpdrt jkjvmt`de.

Mt tg`s t`hj, tgj FMI6:63 mpprdmag wms uestmikj e sjvjrmk pmrmhjtjrs<=69

• @t wms è jxajss df 9 ndts‐ njv`mt`de frdh tgj kdamk`zjr2

• Qòe`fàmet agmeojs e gjmnèo men p`tag wjrj rjqu`rjn td adrrjat td prdpjr fkògt pmtg2

• M`rspjjn wms =?6 B@MQ, VYJF + >> bedts2

• ^gj m`rarmft wms edt adefòurjn fdr kmenèo2 men

• ^gj kmenèo agjabk`st wms edt adhpkjtj.

O`vje tgj FD‐s rjpjmtjn adeajres vdàjn jmrk`jr nurèo tgj mpprdmag, t s mkhdst ajrtmè tgmt, emnv`sèo tgj amptmè tgmt tgjy wjrj 1 h`kjs fèmk men edt adefòurjn, g`s etjenjn hjssmoj wms

‛^gj mpprdmag `s uestmikj men wj hust od mrduen.‘

=6= F`rst M`r Fkògt Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk (FDH), Mhjenhjet ed. 9 (== Hmy 93==), sjat`de 7.=1< Qtmi`k`zjnMpprdmag Ar`tjr`m, pmoj 7-=1 td 7-=>

=69 VYJF rjfjrs td tgj mpprdmag rjfjrjeaj spjjn.



- =9= -

Srdajnurjs fdr akjmr men ades`stjet adhhueàmt`des mrj etjenjn td prjvjet adefus`de ijtwjjetgj p`kdts. @e tg`s èstmeaj, tgj FD wms prdv`nèo ades`stjet èfdrhmt`de td tgj amptmè rjomrnèom`rarmft pds`t`de men stmtj. Gdwjvjr, tgj ‛_j‐rj 1 h`kj fèmk2 wj‐rj edt adefòojn‘ amkk wms`hhjn`mtjky fdkkdwjn iy tgj amptmè‐s adhhmen fdr sjkjat`de df fkmps 9:. g`s sjqujeajènàmtjs tgmt tgj hjssmoj tgj amptmè pjraj`vjn wms ‛_j ejjn td adefòurj fdr kmenèo.‘@hhjn`mtj mat`de td adhhjeaj m od-mrduen wms rjqu`rjn, men tgj FD‐s adhhueàmt`des midut

tgj uestmikj mpprdmag wjrj edt akjmr.

^gj FD gmn hmnj m prjv`dus od-mrduen suoojst`de usèo ede-stmenmrn kmeoumoj, wgàg wmsèjffjat`vj. Q`h`kmrky, tgj FD‐s stmtjhjet mt 1 h`kjs wms mksd ejffjat`vj, ijamusj t eakunjnèfdrhmt`de deky midut m`rarmft pds`t`de men stmtj. ^gj FD‐s `hpkàmt`de wms tgmt m od-mrduensgdukn ij e`t`mtjn, iut tg`s wms suiljat td h`sètjrprjtmt`de.

Mt =6>3<>:, tgj amptmè‐s rjspdesj td tgj FD‐s 1-h`kj amkk wms td amkk fdr fkmps 9:. ^g`s rjspdesjsuoojsts tgmt tgj amptmè k`bjky h`sètjrprjtjn tgj FD‐s stmtjhjet ms m prdhpt td fè`sgadefòurèo tgj m`rarmft fdr kmenèo rmtgjr tgme uenjrstmenèo tgj FD‐s etjenjn hjssmoj tgmttgj mpprdmag wms uestmikj men m od-mrduen wms ejajssmry.

^gj amptmè sg`ftjn fdaus frdh tgj trmab n`spkmajhjet td rmp`nky adefòurèo tgj m`rarmft fdrkmenèo. g`s sg`ft furtgjr suoojsts tgmt tgj amptmè etjenjn td adetèuj g`s njs`rjn adursj dfmat`de, wgàg wms td kmen mt APYI. @t `s k`bjky tgmt gj wms st`kk ijèo mffjatjn iy mttjet`demkemrrdwèo men pkme adetèumt`de i`ms.

^gj fdkkdwèo pmrmormpgs n`sauss tgj arjw‐s k`bjky hjetmk hdnjks men jxpkmè wgy `t hmnjsjesj td tgj amptmè td adetèuj tgj mpprdmag o`vje g`s pjrajpt`de men uenjrstmenèo df tgjs`tumt`de.

Iy edw, tgj amptmè‐s wdrbkdmn gmn earjmsjn furtgjr. Gj wms st`kk tgj SF men wms st`kk wdrbèo

td ojt de adursj wg`kj gj ètjormtjn ejw èfdrhmt`de ètd g`s hjetmk hdnjk. Edw gj gmn tgjmnn`t`demk tmsb df rmp`nky adefòurèo tgj m`rarmft e t`hj td kmen. gjrjfdrj, t s k`bjky tgmt tgjamptmè wms jvje hdrj susajptìkj td pkme adetèumt`de i`ms mt tg`s pdèt tgme gj gmn ijje deky=9 sjadens jmrk`jr.

O`vje tgj amptmè‐s wdrbkdmn men hjetmk hdnjk, `t `s k`bjky tgmt deky akjmr men uemhiòudusèfdrhmt`de wdukn gmvj suaajjnjn è agmeoèo g`s uenjrstmenèo df tgj s`tumt`de men g`sadursj df mat`de. Ms n`saussjn e sjat`de 9.7.:, tgj amptmè‐s njs`rjn adursj df mat`de wmssuppdrtjn iy tgj fdkkdwèo<

• G`s ijk`jf tgmt tgj mutdp`kdt wms e VDY/KDA w`tg me etjrajpt td tgj kdamk`zjr2

• ^gj mppmrjet etjrajpt meokj n`spkmyjn de tgj GQ@2

• Fkògt n`rjatdr adhhmen imrs adhhmenèo wèos-kjvjk2

• Srjv`dus suaajssfuk jxpjr`jeajs e kmenèo mftjr adenuatèo me estruhjet mpprdmag2

• Jxpjatmt`de td maqu`rj v`sumk rjfjrjeaj2

• ^gj fmat tgmt m od-mrduen s typàmkky e`t`mtjn mt tgj h`ssjn mpprdmag pdèt.

^gj FD‐s njs`rjn adursj df mat`de, m od-mrduen, wms suppdrtjn iy<



- =99 -

• Hdvjhjet df tgj adursj njv`mt`de imr td fukk njfkjat`de2

• @earjmsj e trmab n`vjrojeaj njsp`tj tgj mppmrjet etjrajpt meokj n`spkmyjn de tgj GQ@2

• OSQ ènàmt`des2

• Zestmikj mpprdmag2 men

• ^jrrmè gmzmrn.

Ms ijfdrj, `t `s k`bjky tgmt tgj amptmè n`n edt fukky adhprjgjen tgmt g`s pkme td adhpkjtj tgjmpprdmag men kmenèo wms ed kdeojr v`mikj. gj amptmè‐s rjspdesj td tgj FD adhhjeajnsjvjrmk sjadens mftjr tgj FD fè`sgjn spjmbèo, enàmtèo tgmt tgj amptmè gmn k`bjky tmbje t`hjtd jvmkumtj tgj FD‐s ‛1 h`kj‘ stmtjhjet. gj amptmè k`bjky n`n edt ades`njr m od-mrduen, iutmomè njfmuktjn td g`s pkme td kmen mt APYI. G`s pr`dr`ty edw ijamhj adefòurèo tgj m`rarmft,men tgj emvòmt`demk prdikjh k`bjky ijamhj m kdwjr pr`dr`ty.

^gj ejffjat`vj stmtjhjet iy tgj FD men tgj h`suenjrstmenèo iy tgj amptmè mrj enàmtdrs dffurtgjr irjmbndwe e tgj p`kdts‐ sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss. gj amptmè‐s hjetmk hdnjk wms

k`bjky tgmt tgj mpprdmag men kmenèo adukn ij smkvmojn, men tgj FD‐s hjetmk hdnjk wms mkhdstajrtmèky tgmt tgjrj wms sòe`fàmet r`sb td tgj smfjty df fkògt men tgmt m od-mrduen wms rjqu`rjn.^gjsj n`vjrojet hjetmk hdnjks adhprdh`sjn tgj p`kdts‐ mi`k`ty td adhhueàmtj men wdrbtdojtgjr jffjat`vjky td rjsdkvj tgj prdorjss`vjky njtjr`drmtèo s`tumt`de.

^gj FD‐s stmtjhjet n`n edt jxpkà`tky njet`fy tgj uestmikj mpprdmag, dr èakunj mey od-mrduenadhhmen dr n`rjat`vj. Adesjqujetky, tgj amptmè n`n edt etjrprjt tgj FD‐s ‛1 h`kj fèmk menedt adefòojn‘ stmtjhjet ms ou`nmeaj td è`t`mtj m od-mrduen, iut èstjmn ètjrprjtjn `t ms memnv`sdry tgmt tgjy ejjnjn td jxpjn`tj adefòurmt`de df tgj m`rarmft fdr kmenèo. gj amptmèadetèujn tgj mpprdmag men amkkjn fdr mnn`t`demk stjps td adefòurj tgj m`rarmft.

9.7.?

Fèmk adefòurmt`de fdr kmenèoMt =6>3<>:.0, tgj amptmè èstruatjn tgj FD td sjkjat fkmps 9: (Fòurj =7), men tgj FD n`n sd. ^gjQDSs rjqu`rjn tgj FD td amkk dut adef`rhmt`de tgmt tgj rjqujstjn fkmp sjkjat`de wms hmnj, menmksd m adef`rhmt`de tgmt tgj fkmps gmn rjmagjn tgj sjkjatjn pds`t`de. Gdwjvjr, tgj FD n`n edthmbj j`tgjr df tgjsj amkks fdr tgj fkmps 9: sjkjat`de.



- =91 -

Fòurj =7. FNY pkdt df tgj fèmk mpprdmag

Mt =6>3<>0.=, tgj FD mnv`sjn tgj amptmè tgmt tgjy wjrj mksd jxpjr`jeaèo fukk njfkjat`de de tgjOSQ men tgmt tgjy ejjnjn td od kjft. g`s wms yjt medtgjr mttjhpt td efkujeaj tgj amptmè‐sadursj df mat`de, men suoojsts tgmt tgj FD gmn hdhjetmr`ky stdppjn tryèo td adevèaj tgjamptmè td e`t`mtj m od-mrduen men wms èstjmn mttjhptèo td ojt tgj m`rarmft imab de tgjkdamk`zjr, wgjrj tgj r`sb df tjrrmè wdukn ij jk`hèmtjn.

Mt =6>3<:>.1, tgj amptmè rjspdenjn tgmt gj adukn edt od kjft. ^gj ènàmtjn gjmnèo mt tgj t`hjwms 113³, wgàg prdv`njn me mppmrjet =?³ etjrajpt meokj imab td tgj kdamk`zjr. O`vje tgmt tgjfkògt wms deky 1 h`kjs frdh tgj ruewmy, `t `s k`bjky tgmt tgj amptmè wms rjkuatmet td ture furtgjrkjft men earjmsj tgj ètjrajpt meokj, wgàg adukn gmvj rjsuktjn e dvjrsgddtèo tgrduog tgjkdamk`zjr td tgj kjft `f tgj mppmrjet ètjrajpt meokj gmn ijje adrrjat. Mnn`t`demkky, e MZ^D MSSètjrajpt hdnj, g`s fkògt n`rjatdr wms k`bjky adhhmenèo wèos-kjvjk td hmètmè tgj gjmnèosjkjatjn w`tg tgj gjmnèo iuo.

Nurèo tgj pjr`dn df =6>3<:6 td =6>=<37, tgj FD hmnj sjvjrmk stmtjhjets rjomrnèo m`rarmftpds`t`de men mv`deàs hdnj. gj amptmè amkkjn fdr fkmps 13 men mksd mabedwkjnojn tgj FD‐sstmtjhjets, iut tddb ed mat`de imsjn de tgjh. ^gj QDSs rjqu`rjn tgj FD td amkk dutadef`rhmt`de tgmt tgj rjqujstjn fkmp sjkjat`de wms hmnj, men mksd m adef`rhmt`de tgmt tgj fkmpsgmn rjmagjn tgj sjkjatjn pds`t`de. Gdwjvjr, tgj FD n`n edt hmbj j`tgjr df tgjsj amkks fdr tgj



- =9> -

fkmps 13 sjkjat`de. Mt =6>=<37.1, tgj FD stmrtjn td hmbj m suoojst`de, men tgj amptmè ètjrruptjntgj stmtjhjet w`tg m amkk fdr fkmps >3.

^g`s n`sauss`de wms fmst-pmajn men adeaurrjet w`tg adefòurèo tgj m`rarmft, men n`n edt gjkp tdrjsdkvj tgj emvòmt`demk dr mv`deàs ssujs. gj amptmè etjrruptjn tgj FD‐s stmtjhjets w`tg tgjfkmps 13 men >3 amkks, wgàg arjmtjn m nyemhà ijtwjje tgjh df gmstj td adhpkjtj adefòurmt`de

tmbèo prjajnjeaj dvjr tgj FD‐s adeajres. gj FD‐s stmtjhjet wms k`bjky etjenjn td ij medtgjrsuoojst`de td nd m od-mrduen, iut wms edt adhpkjtjn ijamusj df tgj etjrrupt`de.

^gj kmst 9 `tjhs df tgj kmenèo agjabk`st rjqu`rj idtg tgj SEF men SF td vjr`fy kmenèo ojmr menfkmp ènàmt`des. Mt =6>=<=3.=, tgj FD stmtjn tgmt tgj ojmr wms ndwe w`tg 1 orjje kògts, msspja`f`jn e tgj agjabk`st, iut n`n edt hjet`de tgj fkmp pds`t`de. gj amptmè rjspdenjn w`tg memabedwkjnojhjet df tgj fkmps mt >3 w`tg m orjje kògt, iut n`n edt vjr`fy tgj kmenèo ojmrpds`t`de. Mftjr mkk mat`des gmvj ijje adhpkjtjn men vjr`f`jn, tgj SEF s jxpjatjn td meedueaj tdtgj SF ‛Kmenèo agjabk`st adhpkjtj,‘ iut tgj FD n`n edt nd tg`s. Mktgduog tgj kmenèo agjabk`stgmn edt ijje amkkjn adhpkjtj, tgj m`rarmft wms e tgj kmenèo adefòurmt`de.

^gj FD n`n edt hmbj : rjqu`rjn amkkduts ms tgj fèmk adefòurmt`de agmeojs daaurrjn. ^g`sdh`ss`de wms ades`stjet w`tg tmsb sgjnnèo df edrhmk SEF nut`js nurèo m pjr`dn df vjry gògwdrbkdmn, td jemikj adhpkjt`de df dtgjr tmsbs mssda`mtjn w`tg adefòurèo tgj m`rarmft,hde`tdrèo m`rarmft pds`t`de, men mttjhptèo td adevèaj tgj amptmè td od mrduen. gj FD wmstmsb-smturmtjn. gj adesjqujeaj df tg`s tmsb smturmt`de wms tgmt tgj FD gmn kjss t`hj menadoe`t`vj ampma`ty td njvjkdp men jxjautj m adhhueàmt`de strmtjoy tgmt wdukn rjsukt e tgjamptmè agmeoèo g`s adursj df mat`de.

Ms n`saussjn midvj, tgrust gmn ijje rjnuajn td nkj mt =6>3<16, k`bjky ijamusj tgj amptmèejjnjn td rjnuaj m`rspjjn frdh =?7 B@MQ td jemikj furtgjr adefòurmt de agmeojs. Ms tgj fkmpswjrj sjkjatjn td 9:, 13, men >3, p`tag meokj rjhmèjn mt 9³ edsj-up. Ms nrmo èarjmsjn, m`rspjjn

njarjmsjn td =16 B@MQ mt =6>=<==, m >9-bedt rjnuat`de e 1: sjadens. Mt =6>=<3:, tgrust ijomeèarjmsèo frdh nkj men rjmagjn =.: jeoèj prjssurj rmt`d (JSY) mt =6>=<=9. g`s earjmsj wmsk`bjky tgj rjsukt df tgj amptmè rjspdenèo td tgj m`rspjjn rjnuat`de. Adeaurrjetky, tgj rmtj dfnjsajet njarjmsjn frdh midut ?33 fjjt pjr hèutj (fph) td midut =:3 fph, men tgj m`rarmft wjetfrdh ijèo de tgj ok`njskdpj td ijèo è jxajss df 9 ndts midvj.

^gj amptmè‐s stmtjhjet mt =6>3<:>.1 tgmt gj adukn edt od kjft daaurrjn ijtwjje g`s amkks fdr fkmps9: men fkmps 13. Mt tg`s t`hj, g`s mttjet`de wms k`bjky ijadhèo fdausjn de m`rarmft adefòurmt`demen m`rspjjn adetrdk, td tgj njtr`hjet df dtgjr pmrmhjtjrs. Ms ènàmtjn iy tgj rmtj df njsajetagmeoj men imkkddeèo midvj tgj ok`njskdpj, g`s mttjet`de td fkyèo tgj @KQ mpprdmag wmsejomt`vjky mffjatjn. g`s s`tumt`de s m strdeo enàmt`de tgmt tgj amptmè wms mffjatjn iymttjet`demk emrrdwèo.

^gj amptmè gmn hmètmèjn tgj smhj gjmnèo frdh wgje tgj m`rarmft rdkkjn dut df tgj ture, mt=610<3:, uet`k =6>3<:> (= hèutj men :3 sjadens). Nurèo tg`s pjr`dn, tgj m`rarmft trmvjkkjn frdh?.0 td 9.1 h`kjs frdh tgj tgrjsgdkn, men prdorjss`vjky n`vjrojn frdh tgj kdamk`zjr td fukk-samkjnjfkjat`de de tgj GQ@.



- =9: -

^gj amptmè gmn efdrhmt`de mvm`kmikj td g`h enàmtèo tgmt tgj mppmrjet etjrajpt meokj wmsedt wdrbèo. Gdwjvjr, adef`rhmt`de i`ms hmy gmvj njormnjn g`s mi`k`ty j`tgjr td pjraj`vj tg`sèfdrhmt`de dr td ètjormtj `t ètd g`s hjetmk hdnjk.

Nurèo tg`s pjr`dn, tgj amptmè wms daaup`jn w`tg sjvjrmk s`huktmejdus tmsbs. Gj ejjnjn tdn`rjat tgj fèmk adefòurmt`de df tgj m`rarmft fdr kmenèo, rjnuaj men stmi`k`zj m`rspjjn, rjsdkvj

tgj kdamk`zjr ssuj, men rjomè tgj ok`njskdpj. Gj mksd ejjnjn td hmbj spja`f`jn amkkduts td vjr`fytgmt tgj adefòurmt`de wms adrrjat. gj amptmè h`ssjn mt kjmst = rjqu`rjn amkkdut, men wmsgmvèo n`ffàukty etjormtèo adetrdk eputs td adrrjat fdr hukt`pkj pmrmhjtjrs s`huktmejdusky.^g`s n`ffàukty s ènàmt`vj df tmsb smturmt`de.

Nuj td mttjet`demk emrrdwèo men tmsb smturmt`de, tgj amptmè k`bjky n`n edt gmvj m gòg-kjvjkdvjrv`jw df tgj s`tumt`de. g`s kmab df dvjrv`jw adhprdh`sjn g`s mi`k`ty td njet`fy men hmemojr`sb.

9.7.7 Fèmk pdrt`de df mpprdmag

Frdh =6>=<3: uet`k hpmat, tgj FNY nmtm sgdw euhjrdus adetrdk wgjjk hdvjhjets mt tgj smhjt`hj ms tgj m`rarmft wms p`tagèo edsj-ndwe. gjsj wgjjk hdvjhjets wjrj ades`stjet w`tg tgjamptmè ueètjet`demkky hdvèo tgj wgjjk frdh s`nj td s`nj ms gj hdvjn tgj adetrdk adkuhefdrwmrn td adrrjat td tgj ok`njskdpj. Qhmkk rdkk men gjmnèo agmeojs daaurrjn nurèo tg`s pjr`dntgmt wjrj adèa`njet w`tg tgj wgjjk hdvjhjets. gj gjmnèo agmeojs mrj uek`bjky td gmvj gmnme mpprja`mikj jffjat de fkògt n`rjatdr adhhmen imrs, wgàg k`bjky adetèujn td adhhmenwèos-kjvjk.

Mt =6>=<=6, sjadens mftjr tgj fèmk kmenèo adefòurmt`de wms mag`jvjn, tgj m`rarmft pds`t`de wmsmpprdx`hmtjky >=33 fjjt rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj, =.: eh frdh tgj Yuewmy 1:^ tgrjsgdkn.GQ@ enàmt`des wdukn gmvj ijje fukk-samkj rògt kdamk`zjr men fukk-samkj midvj ok`njskdpj.M`rspjjn gmn stmi`k`zjn mt =16 B@MQ, men jeoèj tgrust wms midut =.: JSY. Mkt`tunj wms 0>3 fjjtmsk (?93 fjjt midvj m`rpdrt jkjvmt`de). ^gj m`rarmft wms edw ejmr tgj mkt`tunj mt wgàg tgj amptmèk`bjky jxpjatjn td irjmb dut df tgj akdun imsj men maqu`rj v`sumk rjfjrjeaj.

Mt =6>=<=6, tgj amptmè stmtjn tgmt sdhjtgèo s`h`kmr gmn prjv`dusky gmppjejn td medtgjr p`kdt,men momè enàmtjn tgmt gj wms adetèuèo tgj mpprdmag. @t s pdssìkj tgmt tgj amptmè gmnh`suenjrstddn tgj rjaduetèo df tgj prjv`dus daaurrjeaj, dr tgmt gj n`n edt fukky rjamkk tgjdaaurrjeaj, e wgàg tgj arjw gmn ndej m od-mrduen men rjsdkvjn tgj adhpmss/emvòmt`demk`ssuj mt m smfj mkt`tunj. g`s adhhjet iy tgj amptmè n`n edt adetrìutj td tgj prdikjh sdkvèoè tgj adabp`t dr mkkjv`mtj tgj FD‐s adeajres midut tgj amptmè‐s adursj df mat`de.

^gj amptmè‐s stmtjhjet enàmtjs tgmt gj wms k`bjky mwmrj td sdhj jxtjet tgmt tgjrj wms mprdikjh w`tg tgj ènàmtjn gjmnèo men emvòmt`demk enàmt`des. Njsp`tj tg`s, gj adetèujn tgjmpprdmag, pdssìky ijamusj gj jxpjatjn td sdde maqu`rj v`sumk rjfjrjeajs, ms wms g`s jxpjr`jeajnurèo @ea`njet Dej (sjat`de =.=?.1.1.9).

^gj m`rarmft p`tag mtt`tunj rjhmèjn rjkmt`vjky stmikj (9³ edsj-up) ijtwjje =6>3<=3 men =6>=<=7,dtgjr tgme m fjw hèdr jxaurs`des wg`kj tgrust wms njarjmsèo men tgj m`rarmft wms ijèoadefòurjn (Fòurj =7). ^gjsj jxaurs`des mrj ades`stjet w`tg mutdp`kdt p`tag hdnj DFF, hmeumkp`tag A_Q, men tgj mutdp`kdt hmètmèèo tgj kmst p`tag mtt`tunj sjt iy tgj amptmè (sjat`de 9.1).



- =96 -

Mt =6>=<=7, tgj m`rarmft ijome p`tagèo edsj-ndwe, rjmagèo m p`tag mtt`tunj df ∙9³ mt =6>=<19.^gj amptmè gmn k`bjky disjrvjn tgmt tgj rmtj df njsajet gmn fkmttjejn men tgmt tgjy gmnimkkddejn midvj tgj ok`njskdpj, men gmn put fdrwmrn prjssurj de tgj adetrdk adkuhe e jxajssdf tgj kdw njtjet fdraj. Deaj tgj adetrdk adkuhe prjssurj ijamhj kjss tgme tgj kdw njtjet, tgjmutdp`kdt hmètmèjn tgj ejw p`tag mtt`tunj df ∙9³.

Frdh midut =6>=<=0 td =6>=<9?, FNY nmtm sgdw tgmt tgj njsajet rmtj èarjmsjn frdh midut=33 fph td ?33 fph. ^gj edsj-ndwe p`tag agmeoj men èarjmsjn njsajet rmtj ènàmtj tgmt tgjamptmè gmn sw`tagjn g`s pr`dr`t`js frdh adefòurèo men m`rspjjn rjnuat`de imab td tgjok`njskdpj men wms hmedjuvrèo td rj-ètjrajpt tgj ok`njskdpj.

Mt =6>=<96.1, tgj amptmè hmnj m stmtjhjet midut tgj ok`njskdpj. ^gj FD mabedwkjnojn menènàmtjn tgmt `t wms fukky njfkjatjn. FNY men rmnmr nmtm sgdw tgmt, mt tgj t`hj, tgj m`rarmft wmsmt 773 fjjt msk men wms wjkk midvj tgj ok`njskdpj men wjkk rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr. Ijamusj tgjm`rarmft pds`t`de wms sd fmr rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr men sd akdsj td tgj ok`njskdpj trmesh`ttjr, `t `spdssìkj tgmt adabp`t ok`njskdpj enàmt`des wjrj uerjk`mikj.

Mt =6>=<13.7, tgj FD hmnj m VGF rmn`d trmesh`ss`de td APYI tdwjr rjpdrtèo 1 h`kjs fèmk. Mttg`s t`hj, tgj m`rarmft wms 3.0 eh frdh tgj ruewmy tgrjsgdkn. ^gj njfjrhjet df tg`s amkk td tdwjr`s m furtgjr ènàmt`de df tgj FD‐s gòg wdrbkdmn men tmsb smturmt`de.

Mt =6>=<11, tgj tdwjr rjspdenjn w`tg wèn èfdrhmt`de men akjmrmeaj td kmen, men mt =6>=<10,tgj FD rjpk`jn. Mt =6<>=<>=.=, tgj FD stmtjn tgmt tgj m`rarmft wms lust dvjr tgj sgdrjkèj. Mt tg`st`hj, tgj m`rarmft wms pmssèo tgj edrtgjre jnoj df m pden midut 3.? eh td tgj sdutgjmst dfYuewmy 1:^. @t s k`bjky tgmt tgj FD gmn eadrrjatky njet`f`jn tg`s v`sumk fjmturj ms tgj admstkèjmkdeo tgj sjm. gj FD‐s stmtjhjet enàmtjs tgmt gj k`bjky gmn sdhj ir`jf v`sumk adetmat w`tg tgjsurfmaj, wgàg wdukn gmvj rjèfdrajn tgj amptmè‐s jxpjatmt`de df maqu`rèo v`sumk rjfjrjeajs.

FNY nmtm sgdw tgmt tgj rmtj df njsajet gmn èarjmsjn td =333 fph iy =6>=<>3, w`tg tgj m`rspjjnèarjmsèo td =:9 B@MQ. Mt =6>=<>1, ms tgj m`rarmft p`tagjn furtgjr edsj-ndwe td ∙:³, tgj FDuttjrjn me jxpkjt`vj. g`s wms mkhdst ajrtmèky me jxprjss`de df g`s ormvj adeajre rjomrnèo tgjm`rarmft pds`t`de men stmtj.

^gj rmtj df njsajet tgje furtgjr èarjmsjn td =:33 fph mt =6>=<>6 w`tg tgj m`rspjjn èarjmsèofurtgjr td =:7 B@MQ. Mkt`tunj wms :13 fjjt msk (1=3 fjjt midvj m`rpdrt jkjvmt`de). ^gj m`rarmft wmsmijmh tgj Yuewmy 1:^ tgrjsgdkn men >>33 fjjt td tgj rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj (Fòurj=0). Mt tg`s t`hj, tgj FD amkkjn tgj amptmè iy g`s f`rst emhj men momè jxprjssjn g`s adeajremidut tgj s`tumt`de. ^g`s wms m agmeoj df mpprdmag iy tgj FD frdh prdv`nèo èfdrhmt`de midutm`rarmft pjrfdrhmeaj men pds`t`de td hmbèo m pjrsdemk mppjmk iy usèo tgj amptmè‐s f`rst emhjtd ampturj g`s mttjet`de men irjmb g`s f`xmt`de de tgj ok`njskdpj men kmenèo.

^gj amptmè‐s f`xmt`de de tgj ok`njskdpj s furtgjr jv`njeaj tgmt gj gmn kdst tgj gòg-kjvjkdvjrv`jw df tgj s`tumt`de, men n`n edt pjraj`vj dr uenjrstmen tgj adesjqujeajs df adetèuèotgj mpprdmag.

Mt =6>=<>?.?, tgj OS_Q ojejrmtjn me murmk ‛sèb rmtj‘ mkjrt. ^g`s mkjrt prdv`njn enjpjenjet





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s`tumt`de prjsjetjn m ue`quj prdikjh fdr tgj FD df FMI6:632 tgmt s, gdw fmr sgdukn gj mkkdwtgj m`rarmft td njv`mtj ijfdrj tmbèo dvjr adetrdk frdh tgj amptmè4

^gjrj `s m g`stdry df èa`njets men maa`njets è wgàg tgj FD wms tgj SEF men wmrejn df mnjtjr`drmtèo s`tumt`de, iut n`n edt tmbj adetrdk wgje tgj amptmè adetèujn me uesmfj adursj dfmat`de (sjat`de =.=?.7.:). @e mkk df tgjsj daaurrjeajs, tgj adhpmey gmn sdhj fdrh df

twd-adhhueàmt`de rukj, iut tgj njfjeaj fm`kjn ijamusj tgj FD n`n edt etjrvjej men tmbjadetrdk df tgj m`rarmft. Qdhj k`bjky rjmsdes fdr tg`s fm`kurj mrj n`ffàukty e njet`fyèo suitkjèampma`tmt`de, mhiòu`ty e tgj wdrnèo df tgj prdajnurj, dr egì`t`des de tgj pmrt df FDs tdtmbj tgj nrmstà hjmsurj df tmbèo adetrdk frdh m amptmè.

Mt tgj t`hj df tgj F`rst M`r maa`njet, tgjrj wms ed trmèèo dr ou`nmeaj w`tgè tgj adhpmey degdw me FD wdukn jsamkmtj m adeajre td tgj pdèt tgmt m od-mrduen dr agmeoj df adetrdk adukn ijadhhmenjn. @e tgj misjeaj df pdkà`js men prdajnurjs, suag ms SMAJ (prdièo, mkjrtèo,agmkkjeoèo, men jhjrojeay wmreèo), jemikèo tgj FD td jsamkmtj g`s adeajre ms wjkk msprdv`nèo tgj mutgdr`ty td tmbj adetrdk df tgj m`rarmft frdh tgj amptmè, tgj FD wms k`h`tjn td memnv`sdry rdkj. gj FD wms akjmrky mwmrj df tgj earjmsèo r`sb. gj mpprdmag gmn adetèujn

ijyden 9 pdèts mt wgàg m od-mrduen wms rjqu`rjn< f`rst, wgje tgjrj `s fukk kdamk`zjr njfkjat`de,men sjaden, e me uestmikj mpprdmag ijkdw =333 fjjt. Mt idtg df tgjsj pdèts, tgj FD mttjhptjntd adhhueàmtj tgj ejjn td od mrduen td tgj amptmè. _g`kj edt ms njfè`t`vjky men akjmrkyjxprjssjn ms tgjy adukn gmvj ijje, tgjsj mttjhpts mrj enàmtdrs tgmt tgj FD wms adetèuèo g`sjffdrts td agmeoj tgj amptmè‐s adursj df mat`de.

^gj FD gmn prjv`dusky fkdwe ms amptmè de medtgjr m`rarmft typj w`tg tgj adhpmey. Gdwjvjr,gj wms ejw td tgj I?1?, men mktgduog div`dusky ueadhfdrtmikj w`tg tgj emvòmt`demk s`tumt`de,njfjrrjn td tgj amptmè.

^gjrj wms ed pdkày spja`fàmkky mutgdr`zèo me FD td jsamkmtj g`s rdkj frdh mnv`sdry td tmbèo

adetrdk, men tg`s FD k`bjky fjkt ègì`tjn frdh ndèo sd. ^gj FD hmnj hmey mttjhpts tdadhhueàmtj g`s adeajres men suoojst m od-mrduen, iut n`n edt tmbj adetrdk df tgj m`rarmft frdhtgj amptmè.

^g`s maa`njet men tgj dtgjr 1 daaurrjeajs a`tjn (sjat`de =.=?.7.:) mrj enàmtdrs tgmt fm`kurj dfFDs td tmbj adetrdk e njtjr`drmtèo s`tumt`des w`kk daams`demkky rjsukt e amtmstrdpgàadesjqujeajs e tgj okdimk fkjjt df trmespdrt m`rarmft. _`tgdut pdkà`js men prdajnurjs akjmrkymutgdr`zèo jsamkmt de df etjrvjet`de td tgj pdèt df tmbèo m`rarmft adetrdk, sdhj FDs hmy fjjkègì`tjn frdh ndèo sd.

9.=3 Mnmptmt`des men F`rst M`r I?1? stmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjs

9.=3.= Mnmptmt`des

Ms n`saussjn e sjat`de =.=?.9, tgjrj wjrj euhjrdus jxmhpkjs df gdw tgj FMI6:63 arjwnjv`mtjn frdh tgj adhpmey‐s dpjrmtèo pdkà`js men QDSs. @etjrv`jws w`tg dtgjr AP\F-imsjnI?1? p`kdts rjvjmkjn tgmt sdhj df tgj njv`mt`des wjrj edt ue`quj td tgj arjw df FMI6:63. ^gjsjpdkày men prdajnurmk njv`mt`des wjrj mnmptmt`des jhpkdyjn iy tgj p`kdts td omè sdhjpjraj`vjn ijejf`t. Dvjr t`hj, tgj mnmptmt`des ijamhj edrhmk`zjn ms tgj wmy tgj p`kdts dpjrmtjn



- =90 -

tgj m`rarmft. Qdhj df tgj mnmptmt`des wjrj df m hèdr emturj2 gdwjvjr, dtgjr mnmptmt`des wjrjhdrj k`bjky td gmvj me `hpmat de smfjty df fkògt. Fdr jxmhpkj<

• Daams`demkky gmen sòemks dr m tmp de tgj adetrdk wgjjk wjrj usjn td sòe`fy tgj trmesfjrdf adetrdk.

• Mpprdmag ir`jfèos wjrj adhhdeky miirjv`mtjn wgje fkyèo w`tg fmh`k`mr arjw

hjhijrs dr nurèo oddn wjmtgjr.

• Mkt`tunj amkkduts wdukn ij hmnj usèo ede-stmenmrn pgrmsjdkdoy, w`tg gmen sòemkssdhjt`hjs usjn wgje tgj rmn`ds wjrj è usj.

• OSQ dr FHQ (fkògt hmemojhjet systjh) wjrj sdhjt`hjs usjn td trmes`t`de frdh jerdutj td fèmk @KQ mpprdmag.

S`kdts wjrj mwmrj df wgje tgjy wdukn ij suiljat td tgj adhpmey‐s n`rjat hde`tdrèo hjtgdnsn`saussjn è sjat`de =.=?.>, men adukn hdn`fy tgj`r ijgmv`dur nurèo tgjsj hde`tdrèo pjr`dns.Mnn`t`demkky, tgj adhpmey gmn ed èn`rjat hde`tdrèo hjtgdns, suag ms m fueat`deèo fkògtnmtm hde`tdrèo (FNH) prdormh dr kèj dpjrmt`des smfjty mun`t (KDQM), mt tgj t`hj df tgj

maa`njet. Adesjqujetky, tgj adhpmey wms uek`bjky td njtjat tgj prjsjeaj dr pjrs`stjeaj df tgjmnmptmt`des.

F`rst M`r‐s supjrv`sdry mat`v`t`js n`n edt njtjat tgj QDS mnmptmt`des w`tgè tgj AP\F I?1? arjwimsj, eakunèo tgj arjw df FMI6:63. Ms n`saussjn e jmrk`jr sjat`des df tg`s memkys`s, tgjadesjqujeajs df tgj mnmptmt`des de FMI6:63 wjrj ejffjat`vj etrm-arjw adhhueàmt de,jsamkmtjn wdrbkdmn kjmnèo td tmsb smturmt`de, men irjmbndwe e sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss.

9.=3.9 ^rmes`t`de td èstruhjet kmenèo systjh mpprdmag

Ms n`saussjn e sjat`de 9.9, dej pdssìkj etjrprjtmt`de df tgj FMI6:63 amptmè‐s pkme tdtrmes`t`de frdh je rdutj td mpprdmag wms m ede-stmenmrn hjtgdn evdkvèo usj df tgj OSQ tdmkòe tgj m`rarmft w`tg tgj kdamk`zjr de fèmk mpprdmag. Adesjqujetky, tgj evjstòmt`de jxpkdrjntgj qujst`de df wgjtgjr tg`s mnmptmt`de jx`stjn.

S`kdt ètjrv`jws rjvjmkjn tgmt sdhj F`rst M`r I?1? p`kdts usjn tgj OSQ td ture tgj m`rarmft detd@KQ fèmk mpprdmag men wdukn tgje sw`tag td VGF EMV deaj jstmik`sgjn de tgj èiduen trmab.Adhpmey hmemojhjet ades`njrjn tg`s prmatàj uemaajptmikj, men sdhj p`kdts etjrv`jwjnn`sadurmojn `ts usj.

S`kdts wgd n`n edt usj tg`s hjtgdn wdukn hmbj tgj sw`tag td VGF EMV mt n`stmeajs imab frdhHZQM^, wgàg vmr`jn frdh = td =3 h`kjs.

^gj MDH spja`f`js tgmt tgj `tjhs ijkdw tgj nmsgjn kèj de tgj e-rmeoj agjabk`st mrjmaadhpk`sgjn mftjr emv-m`ns men fkògt n`rjatdrs gmvj ijje sjt up, ms ir`jfjn, fdr tgj etjenjnmpprdmag. Adesjqujetky, tgj agjabk`st ameedt ij adhpkjtjn uet`k tgj EMV sw`tag sjkjat`de gmsijje hmnj (HN->= EMV/OSQ sjkjat`de). g`s rjqu`rjhjet rjkmtjs td drnjr df tmsb adhpkjt`dermtgjr tgme m`rarmft pds`t`de rjkmt`vj td tgj fèmk mpprdmag trmab.

^gj vmryèo n`stmeaj mt wgàg tgj sw`tag td VGF EMV daaurrjn men tgj usj df m ede-stmenmrnhjtgdn mrj idtg mnmptmt`des. Dej fmatdr k`bjky adetrìutèo td njvjkdphjet df tgjsj



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mnmptmt`des wms tgj misjeaj df efdrhmt`de ms td wgjrj, e rjkmt`de td tgj fèmk mpprdmag trmab,tgj e-rmeoj agjab adhpkjt`de s td ij maadhpk`sgjn.

Me egjrjet r`sb mssda`mtjn w`tg njkmyèo tgj agmeoj td VGF EMV s tgmt tgj kmenèo agjabwdukn sdhjt`hjs ij e`t`mtjn ijfdrj tgj e-rmeoj agjab wms adhpkjtjn. g`s sjqujeajètrdnuajs tgj pdssì`k`ty df sdhj agjabk`st tjhs ijèo h`ssjn ms `tjhs mrj pjrfdrhjn dut df

drnjr. Mnn`t`demkky, njpjenèo de tgj m`rarmft pds`t`de men gjmnèo mt tgj t`hj df tgj HN->=EMV sjkjat`de, t s pdssìkj tgmt tgj mutdp`kdt wdukn edt trmab tgj kdamk`zjr ijamusj tgj sw`tagdaaurrjn tdd kmtj men wms duts`nj df ampturj ar`tjr`m.

@f QDSs nd edt èakunj spja`fà ou`nmeaj rjomrnèo wgjrj men gdw tgj trmes`t`de frdh je rdutjtd fèmk mpprdmag emvòmt`de daaurs, p`kdts w`kk mndpt ede-stmenmrn prmatàjs tgmt hmy etrdnuajm gmzmrn td smfj adhpkjt`de df tgj mpprdmag.

9.== FMI6:63 arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet

9.==.= Ojejrmk

Ms n`saussjn e sjat`de =.=?.?.=, arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet (AYH) s tgj jffjat`vj usj df mkkguhme, gmrnwmrj, men efdrhmt`de rjsdurajs mvm`kmikj td tgj fkògt arjw td jesurj smfj menjffà`jet fkògt dpjrmt`des. QDSs mrj me hpdrtmet efdrhmt`de rjsduraj mvm`kmikj td p`kdts, menprdv`nj stmenmrn`zjn pgrmsjdkdoy men struaturj fdr adhhueàmt`des td hmètmè sgmrjns`tumt`demk mwmrjejss. Mnn`t`demkky, tgjy prdv`nj prjnjtjrhèjn sdkut`des td vmr`dus prdikjhs,men mss`st w`tg wdrbkdmn hmemojhjet men nja`s`de hmbèo.

9.==.9 Qgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss

@e tg`s daaurrjeaj, tgjrj wjrj njfà`jea`js e idtg tgj n`sarjtj mat`des (èadhpkjtj mpprdmag

ir`jfèo, mkt`tunj amkkduts, men m`rspjjn amkkduts) men adetèudus mat`des (amkkduts df agmeojs em`rarmft stmtj men fkògt n`rjatdr / mutdp`kdt hdnjs) tgmt wjrj rjqu`rjn df tgj arjw td jstmik`sgmen hmètmè sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss. Adesjqujetky, tgjrj wms m irjmbndwe e tgj`rmi`k`ty td ldètky etjrprjt, prdikjh-sdkvj, men tmbj mat`de de tgj efdrhmt`de mvm`kmikj. Ms tgjysg`ftjn frdh fdkkdwèo jstmik`sgjn prdajnurjs td prdikjh-sdkvèo ijgmv`dur, tgj`r wdrbkdmnèarjmsjn, men tgj n`ffjrjeajs ijtwjje tgj`r en`v`numk mwmrjejss df tgj m`rarmft stmtj men dftgrjmts td smfj fkògt pdsjn me mnn`t`demk prdikjh tgmt tgj arjw ejjnjn td dvjradhj.

M irjmbndwe e sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss daaurrjn nurèo tgj fkògt, ms enàmtjn iy tgjfdkkdwèo<

• N`ffjrèo pjrspjat`vjs ms td tgj r`sb prjsjetjn iy tgj m`rarmft trmab men tgj uestmikj

mpprdmag2

• N`ffjrèo hjetmk hdnjks rjomrnèo tgj m`rarmft pds`t`de men trmljatdry<

• ^gj amptmè wms etjet de adetèuèo mpprdmag td m kmenèo2

• ^gj FD wms mwmrj df tgj tjrrmè gmzmrn men wms mttjhptèo td adevèaj tgj amptmètd od mrduen2



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• ^gj kmab df adrrjat`vj mat`de iy tgj amptmè e rjspdesj td tgj FD‐s od-mrduensuoojst`des men mnv`sdr`js midut tgj trmab njv`mt`de men uestmikj mpprdmag.

^gj fdkkdwèo ijgmv`durs iy tgj arjw hjhijrs etjrfjrjn w`tg tgj hmètjemeaj df sgmrjns`tumt`demk mwmrjejss<

• ^gj amptmè prdv`njn me miirjv`mtjn mpprdmag ir`jfèo, wgàg rjnuajn tgj k`bjk`gddntgmt tgj p`kdts wdukn gmvj tgj smhj uenjrstmenèo men wdrb jffjat`vjky tdojtgjr.

• ^gj p`kdts wjrj edt rjqu`rjn td hmbj amkkduts df systjh hdnj agmeojs, men n`n edt ndsd. g`s amkkdut efdrhmt`de s ar`tàmk fdr hmètmèèo en`v`numk men sgmrjn s`tumt`demkmwmrjejss.

• Jmag p`kdt wms fdausjn de m n`ffjrjet mspjat df tgj emvòmt`demk systjh tgmt tgjy jmagstrdeoky ijk`jvjn td ij prdv`nèo tgj hdst rjk`mikj èfdrhmt`de midut tgj`r s`tumt`de.^gj FD fdausjn de tgj kdamk`zjr men OSQ enàmt`des df trmab n`vjrojeaj, men tgj amptmèfdausjn de tgj mppmrjet etjrajpt meokj.

• Qtmenmrn pgrmsjdkdoy fdr agmkkjeoj men rjspdesj s etjenjn td jstmik`sg m adhhde

uenjrstmenèo men kjmn td aden`t`dejn, fmh`k`mr rjsukts. gj FD usjn ede-stmenmrnpgrmsjdkdoy rjomrnèo tgj fukk kdamk`zjr njfkjat`de, men n`n edt gmvj mvm`kmikj stmenmrnpgrmsjdkdoy td mkjrt tgj amptmè td tgj uestmikj mpprdmag.

• ^gj amptmè‐s rjspdesjs td tgj FD‐s stmtjhjets midut fukk kdamk`zjr njfkjat`de wjrj ede-stmenmrn. Quag rjspdesjs wjrj m prdorjss`de frdh tgj FD‐s ede-stmenmrn kmeoumoj, menm hdvjhjet furtgjr mwmy frdh tgj QDSs men ètd arjw ètjrmat`des è wgàg sgmrjnjxpjatmt`des men addrnèmtjn mat`des wdukn ij n`ffàukt td hmètmè.

• ^gj ede-stmenmrn kmeoumoj usjn iy tgj FD td suoojst m od-mrduen rjnuajn tgjk`bjk`gddn df akjmr adhhueàmt`de df g`s etjet td tgj amptmè, men wms m imrr`jr tdè`t`mtèo addrnèmtjn mat`de.

• Arjw wdrbkdmn earjmsjn ms tgj p`kdts mttjhptjn td uenjrstmen men rjsdkvj tgjèadeoru`t`js e tgj`r en`v`numk hjetmk hdnjks, men momè ms tgjy rmp`nky adefòurjntgj m`rarmft fdr kmenèo. g`s earjmsj è wdrbkdmn rjnuajn tgj`r mi`k`ty td sdkvj tgjadhpkjx emvòmt`demk prdikjh men tgj`r n`spmrmtj v`jws midut t.

Idtg tgj adetjet men emturj df tgj etrm-arjw adhhueàmt`de akjmrky sgdwjn sòes dfirjmbndwe e sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss. gj fmat tgmt ej`tgjr arjw hjhijr njet`f`jn td tgjdtgjr tgmt tg`s irjmbndwe wms daaurrèo wms me mnn`t`demk prdikjh tgmt gmn td ij mnnrjssjn.Gdwjvjr, rmtgjr tgme jxpkà`tky njet`fyèo tgmt tgj irjmbndwe e sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejssgmn daaurrjn, jmag p`kdt adetèujn td jhpgms`zj g`s dwe uenjrstmenèo df tgj s`tumt`de è memttjhpt td adevèaj tgj dtgjr df ts vjrma`ty.

Ej`tgjr df tgj p`kdts wms n`sjeomojn frdh tgj s`tumt`de. Qdhj df tgj amptmè‐s stmtjhjetsènàmtj tgmt gj wms adefusjn ms td tgj mutdp`kdt hdnj men tgj rjmsde wgy tgj m`rarmft wmsn`vjroèo frdh tgj kdamk`zjr. Q`h`kmrky, sdhj df tgj FD‐s stmtjhjets akjmrky enàmtj tgmt gj wmsueadhfdrtmikj w`tg tgj m`rarmft pds`t`de men trmljatdry. Gdwjvjr, ej`tgjr tgj amptmè edr tgj FDwms jffjat`vj e rjsdkvèo tgj dtgjr‐s adefus`de dr n`sadhfdrt, men tgj irjmbndwe e sgmrjns`tumt`demk mwmrjejss wms edt rjsdkvjn uet`k tgj OS_Q sèb rmtj mkjrt prdv`njn me ènjpjenjetwmreèo.



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^gj arjw n`n edt hmètmè m sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss. gj irjmbndwe df tg`s mspjat dfarjw addrnèmt`de wms jv`njet tgrduogdut tgj mpprdmag.

S`kdt etjrv`jws rjvjmkjn tgmt dtgjr p`kdts mksd jhpkdyjn mnmptmt`des df QDSs. Mnmptmt`des dfQDSs ame `hpm`r sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss men AYH jffjat`vjejss.

9.==.1 Adhhueàmt`des

AYH ijst prmatàjs mrj ètjenjn td jemikj arjw hjhijrs td fjjk adhfdrtmikj prdv`nèo èput tdmss`st e nja`s`de hmbèo. @t s ojejrmkky maajptjn tgmt arjw hjhijrs sgdukn mssjrt tgjhsjkvjswgje tgjy mrj uesurj df sdhjtgèo dr `f tgjrj `s m ojeuèj adeajre midut tgj aurrjet adursj dfmat`de. gj usj df akjmr kmeoumoj s jssjet`mk e t`hj-ar`tàmk s`tumt`des. Gdwjvjr, usj df tg`s typjdf kmeoumoj ame ij vjry n`ffàukt fdr sdhj pjdpkj, men èjffjat`vj mssjrt`de gms ijje m fmatdr èdtgjr maa`njets.

@e tgj amsj df FMI6:63, hmey df tgj adhhueàmt`des ijtwjje tgj p`kdts wjrj èjffjat`vj

ijamusj akjmr men uemhiòudus kmeoumoj wms edt usjn. Fdr jxmhpkj<• ^gj amptmè hmnj m stmtjhjet enàmtèo tgmt gj wdukn usj YEMV td emvòmtj td tgj

kdamk`zjr. g`s hjssmoj adukn ij etjrprjtjn e hdrj tgme dej wmy.

• ^gj FD‐s mnv`sdry tgmt tgjy gmn rjmagjn fukk kdamk`zjr njfkjat`de wms pgrmsjn ms mqujst`de, n`n edt eakunj mey prdpdsjn adrrjat`vj mat`de, men n`n edt jkà`t tgjmpprdpr`mtj rjspdesj td e`t`mtj m od-mrduen. gj amptmè rjspdenjn e ture w`tg mqujst`de rmtgjr tgme adrrjat`vj mat`de.

• ^gj FD‐s suoojst`de mt =6>3<13 tgmt tgjy nd m od-mrduen men tgje tmkb tgj medhmkytgrduog n`n edt jkà`t tgj njs`rjn rjspdesj td e`t`mtj m od-mrduen. @estjmn, tgj amptmèadetèujn tgj mpprdmag.

• ^gj FD stmtjn tgmt tgjy wjrj mt 1 h`kjs men edt adefòurjn. @t `s mkhdst ajrtmè tgmt tgjètjenjn hjssmoj wms tgmt tgj mpprdmag wms uestmikj men m od-mrduen wms rjqu`rjn.Gdwjvjr, tgj amptmè‐s etjrprjtmt`de df tg`s stmtjhjet wms tgmt tgjy ejjnjn td fè`sgadefòurèo tgj m`rarmft fdr kmenèo.

_gje tgj m`rarmft rjmagjn fukk kdamk`zjr njfkjat`de, tgj FD prdijn w`tg m qujst`de midut tgjm`rarmft pds`t`de. Gj rjpjmtjnky mkjrtjn tgj amptmè midut tgj prdorjss`vj njv`mt`de frdh tgjkdamk`zjr, men mksd hmnj me mkjrt midut tgj tjrrmè td tgj rògt df tgj ruewmy. Mktgduog tgjrjwms ed akjmr agmkkjeoj frdh tgj FD stmtèo tgj adesjqujeajs df adetèuèo tgj mpprdmag, gj n`nsuoojst me mktjremt`vj adursj df mat`de. Gdwjvjr, tgj FD‐s adhhueàmt`des n`n edt mag`jvj g`sodmk df adevèaèo tgj amptmè td agmeoj g`s adursj df mat`de.

Jsamkmt`de e adhhueàmt`de strmtjo`js ame ij n`ffàukt. gj SMAJ hdnjk (prdièo, mkjrtèo,agmkkjeoèo, men jhjrojeay wmreèo) prdv`njs p`kdts w`tg m adhhueàmt`de strmtjoy njsòejntd mkkdw fdr m emturmk jsamkmt`de df mssjrt`de, njpjenèo de tgj a`rauhstmeajs mt tgj t`hj. ^gjFD‐s prdièo men mkjrtèo stmtjhjets men suoojst`de df me mktjremt`vj adursj df mat`de wjrjades`stjet w`tg tgj e`t`mk pdrt`des df tgj SMAJ hdnjk. Gdwjvjr, tgj FD ejvjr n`n jsamkmtj tdtgj pdèt df me jhjrojeay ètjrvjet`de è tgj fdrh df tmbèo adetrdk df tgj m`rarmft.



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^gj adhhueàmt`des ijtwjje tgj 9 p`kdts wjrj èjffjat`vj. gj amptmè wms tmsb-smturmtjn menwms k`bjky efkujeajn iy pkme adetèumt`de i`ms. Njsp`tj tgj FD‐s adhhueàmt`de jffdrts,adeajres midut FMI6:63‐s fkògt pmtg wjrj edt eadrpdrmtjn etd tgj amptmè‐s nja`s`de-hmbèoprdajss.

9.==.> _drbkdmn hmemojhjet

AYH ijst prmatàjs mrj ètjenjn td jemikj arjw hjhijrs td jffjat`vjky hmemoj wdrbkdmn._drbkdmn `s m fueat`de df tgj euhijr df tmsbs td ij adhpkjtjn è m o`vje mhduet df t`hj mentgj mi`k`ty df m pjrsde td gmenkj tgdsj njhmens. Me èarjmsj è tmsbs dr m njarjmsj è t`hjmvm`kmikj rjsukts e earjmsjn wdrbkdmn. d rjnuaj wdrbkdmn, dej hust j`tgjr rjnuaj tgjeuhijr df tmsbs tgmt hust ij adhpkjtjn dr earjmsj tgj t`hj mvm`kmikj td adhpkjtj tgdsj tmsbs.

FMI6:63 fkògt arjw wdrbkdmn ijome td jsamkmtj ms tgj fkògt hmnj tgj ture detd fèmk mpprdmagmt HZQM^. Arjw wdrbkdmn jsamkmtjn furtgjr ms tgj mpprdmag adetèujn. Ms enàmtjn iy tmsbsgjnnèo de fèmk mpprdmag, idtg p`kdts ijamhj mffjatjn iy tmsb smturmt`de. gj jsamkmtèowdrbkdmn adesuhjn hjetmk rjsdurajs men n`hè`sgjn tgj mi`k`ty df tgj arjw td rjadoe`zj tgj

jxajss`vj wdrbkdmn men tmbj adrrjat`vj mat`de.

^gjrj wms ed ènàmt`de tgmt j`tgjr p`kdt rjadoe`zjn tgmt tgjy wjrj jxpjr`jeaèo gòg wdrbkdmn.Mktgduog tgj FD suoojstjn m od-mrduen sjvjrmk t`hjs, tgjsj suoojst`des wjrj prdhptjn iy fukkkdamk`zjr njfkjat`de men tgj uestmikj mpprdmag rmtgjr tgme wdrbkdmn. gj arjw n`n edt mttjhpttd usj dtgjr hjmes td earjmsj t`hj mvm`kmikj td adhpkjtj ejajssmry tmsbs. gj p`kdts n`n edtjffjat`vjky hmemoj wdrbkdmn.

9.==.: Srdikjh sdkvèo men nja`s`de hmbèo

Srdikjh sdkvèo s m hukt`-stjp prdajss tgmt eakunjs nja`s`de hmbèo. Jffjat`vj nja`s`dehmbèo evdkvjs tgj maaurmtj uenjrstmenèo df tgj aurrjet s`tumt`de men ts `hpkàmt`des,fdrhukmt`de df m pkme, men hpkjhjetmt`de df tgj ijst adursj df mat`de. S`kdts hust adetèumkkyrj-jvmkumtj tgj`r s`tumt`de td njtjrhèj wgjtgjr tgjy maaurmtjky pjraj`vj tgj s`tumt`de, menwgjtgjr tgj pkme `s wdrbèo dut ms jxpjatjn dr m agmeoj è tgj pkme `s rjqu`rjn.

Ms fkògt FMI6:63 prdorjssjn, tgj arjw wjrj fmajn w`tg sjvjrmk prdikjhs<

• Njsajet wms è`t`mtjn kmtj, men tgj m`rarmft wms midut 633 fjjt midvj tgj ok`njskdpj ms tgjfkògt turejn detd fèmk mpprdmag.

• ^gj fkògt njv`mtjn frdh tgj kdamk`zjr, jvjetumkky rjmagèo fukk njfkjat`de. g`s njv`mt`derjsuktjn è m kjeotgy n`sauss`de tgmt nrjw tgj arjw‐s mttjet`de mwmy frdh adefòurèotgj m`rarmft fdr kmenèo.

• ^gj mpprdmag wms uestmikj, rjnuaèo tgj t`hj mvm`kmikj fdr tmsb adhpkjt`de men tgjrjiyèarjmsèo wdrbkdmn fdr idtg p`kdts.

• ^gj p`kdts gmn n`vjrojet hjetmk hdnjks. g`s n`vjrojeaj adhprdh`sjn adhhueàmt`desijtwjje tgjh.

Nurèo tgj njsajet frdh aru`sj mkt`tunj, tgj amptmè rjadoe`zjn tgmt tgjy wjrj midvj tgjedhèmk njsajet prdf`kj, men èarjmsjn tgj rmtj df njsajet è me mttjhpt td rjomè prdf`kj.



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Gdwjvjr, tg`s strmtjoy wms uesuaajssfuk, men rjsuktjn e jxajss`vj m`rspjjn ijkdw =3 333 fjjtmen è rjhmèèo 633 fjjt midvj prdf`kj mt tgj ture td fèmk mpprdmag. ^g`s dutadhj `s meènàmt`de tgmt tgj amptmè gmn edt hdn`f`jn g`s è`t`mk pkme.

^gj arjw rjmk`zjn tgmt tgj m`rarmft wms njv`mtèo td tgj rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr men spjetades`njrmikj t`hj n`saussèo t. gj FD hmnj euhjrdus mnv`sdr`js td tgj amptmè midut tgj

trmab njv`mt`de, iut n`n edt suoojst adrrjat`vj mat`de. _gje tgj FD n`n suoojst m od-mrduen mt=6>3<13, g`s prdpdsmk wms hhjn`mtjky rjljatjn iy tgj amptmè. g`s rjljat`de s me enàmt`detgmt tgj amptmè gmn edt uenjrstddn tgj `hpkàmt`des df tgj s`tumt`de. Adesjqujetky, tgj amptmèk`bjky n`n edt pjraj`vj mey ejjn td rj-jvmkumtj dr hdn`fy g`s pkme td adetèuj tgj mpprdmag td mkmenèo.

^gj FD rjadoe`zjn tgmt tgj mpprdmag wms uestmikj, men mt =6>3<>=, hmnj m stmtjhjet tgmt tgjywjrj mt 1 h`kjs men edt adefòurjn fdr kmenèo. Gdwjvjr, tgj stmtjhjet n`n edt akjmrky njet`fytgmt tgj mpprdmag wms uestmikj dr prdpdsj adrrjat`vj mat`de. Adesjqujetky, tgj amptmèh`suenjrstddn tgj stmtjhjet, men g`s adrrjat`vj mat`de wms td adefòurj tgj m`rarmft fdr kmenèo.^gj amptmè‐s rjmat`de suoojsts tgmt gj gmn edt rjadoe`zjn tgmt tgj mpprdmag wms uestmikj2

tgjrjfdrj, gj k`bjky n`n edt pjraj`vj mey ejjn td rj-jvmkumtj dr hdn`fy g`s pkme td adetèuj tgjmpprdmag td m kmenèo.

Ms prjv`dusky n`saussjn, tgj FD‐s hjetmk hdnjk wms tgmt m od-mrduen wms ejajssmry, wg`kj tgjamptmè‐s hjetmk hdnjk wms tgmt tgj mpprdmag adukn ij smkvmojn men m kmenèo adukn ij hmnj.^gjsj n`vjrojet hjetmk hdnjks adhprdh`sjn tgj`r mi`k`ty td adhhueàmtj, w`tg tgj rjsukt tgmttgj FD‐s suoojst`des tgmt tgj pkme ij rj-jvmkumtjn wjrj edt uenjrstddn dr hpkjhjetjn iy tgjamptmè.

^gj arjw n`n edt jffjat`vjky sdkvj tgj prdikjhs tgjy jeaduetjrjn nurèo tgj njsajet men fèmkmpprdmag.

@e tg`s daaurrjeaj, tgj FD matjn è me mnv`sdry rdkj, prdv`nèo tgj amptmè w`tg efdrhmt`demidut m`rarmft stmtj men suoojst`des fdr mktjremt`vj mat`de. Gdwjvjr, tgj FD‐s adhhueàmt`deswjrj uemssjrt`vj men mhiòudus. Mnn`t`demkky, tgj amptmè‐s jsamkmtèo wdrbkdmn gmn njormnjng`s mi`k`ty td pjraj`vj men uenjrstmen tgj èfdrhmt`de tgmt tgj FD wms prdv`nèo. Mttjet`demkemrrdwèo, adef`rhmt`de i`ms, men pkme adetèumt`de i`ms mksd gmn ejomt`vj jffjats de tgjamptmè. gj amptmè wms prjsjetjn w`tg sjvjrmk dppdrtue`t js td rj-jvmkumtj men mktjr g`s pkme,iut n`n edt nd sd. gj amptmè‐s nja`s`de hmbèo wms ejffjat`vj.

9.==.6 Quhhmry df FMI6:63 arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet

Qgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss, adhhueàmt`de, wdrbkdmn hmemojhjet, prdikjh sdkvèo, mennja`s`de hmbèo mrj mkk etjormk adhpdejets df AYH. Ms n`saussjn midvj, tgj FMI6:63 fkògtarjw n`n edt suaajssfukky jhpkdy mey df tgjsj prmatàjs. gjrjfdrj, tgj`r AYH wms ejffjat`vj.



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9.=9 Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo mt F`rst M`r

9.=9.= @e`t`mk arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo

^gj e`t`mk AYH trmèèo dutkèjn e tgj F`rst M`r Fkògt Dpjrmt`des ^rmèèo Hmeumk (FD^H)hjjts tgj rjqu`rjhjets df Adhhjra`mk M`r Qjrvàj Qtmenmrns (AMQQ) ?9:.=9>(10), men s njk`vjrjn

iy 9 hdt`vmtjn estruatdrs wgd ijk`jvj e tgj hpdrtmeaj df AYH trmèèo. Gdwjvjr, F`rst M`rndjs edt mkkdamtj 9 nmys, ms wms etjenjn iy rmespdrt Amemnm (Â). ^d maadhhdnmtj dtgjrtrmèèo rjqu`rjhjets, F`rst M`r‐s è`t`mk AYH adursj gms ijje rjnuajn td m pdrt`de df = nmy.Ijamusj df tgjsj t`hj adestrmèts, tgj estruatdrs wjrj uemikj td tjmag mkk df tgj rjqu`rjnsuiljats spja`f`jn e idtg tgj FD^H men AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10) fdr e`t`mk trmèèo. Mnn`t`demkky, tgjywjrj usèo tgj Â AYH trmèèo pmabmoj, wgàg ndjs edt èakunj tgj kmtjst AYH adeajpts mentrmèèo hjtgdns.

Ms m rjsukt, adursj pmrtà`pmets n`n edt rjaj`vj trmèèo e adhhueàmt`de strmtjo`js fdrjsamkmtèo adeajres, e prdikjh-sdkvèo men nja`s`de-hmbèo strmtjo`js, men e strmtjo`js midutgdw ijst td mkòe hjetmk hdnjks mhdeo mkk arjw hjhijrs. Mnn`t`demkky, tgj adursj pmrtà`pmets

wjrj edt prdv`njn w`tg t`ps td mss`st w`tg wdrbkdmn hmemojhjet de tgj fkògt njab.

^gj amptmè df FMI6:63 rjaj`vjn è`t`mk AYH trmèèo è =00? men tgj FD è 933?. Edèfdrhmt`de wms mvm`kmikj rjomrnèo tgj trmèèo adetjet dr nurmt`de. gj amptmè‐s e`t`mktrmèèo e =00? daaurrjn deky 6 hdetgs mftjr tgj rjoukmtdry rjqu`rjhjet fdr trmèèo amhj etdfdraj. ^gj AYH trmèèo hmtjr`mk usjn iy F`rst M`r wms prdnuajn iy Â mt midut tgj smhj t`hj.^gjrjfdrj, t s k`bjky tgmt tgj e`t`mk AYH trmèèo adetjet tgmt tgj amptmè men FD rjaj`vjn wmss`h`kmr td tgj adursj disjrvjn iy tgj ^QI.

^gj njfà`jea`js njet`f`jn e tgj F`rst M`r e`t`mk AYH adursj mrj mspjats df AYH tgmt pkmyjn mrdkj e tg`s maa`njet, ms n`saussjn midvj. F`rst M`r‐s e`t`mk AYH trmèèo n`n edt prdv`nj tgj

daaurrjeaj arjw w`tg suffà`jet prmatàmk strmtjo`js td mss`st w`tg nja`s`de hmbèo, prdikjhsdkvèo, adhhueàmt`de, men wdrbkdmn hmemojhjet.

9.=9.9 Yjaurrjet arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo

Yjoukmtdry rjqu`rjhjets fdr rjaurrjet trmèèo nd edt `njet`fy mey spja`fà AYH suiljats tgmthust ij tmuogt, men tgjrj `s ed rjqu`rjhjet td rjv`jw mey df tgj AYH tdpàs advjrjn nurèoè`t`mk AYH trmèèo. Gdwjvjr, tgj adhpmey‐s rjaurrjet trmèèo n`n advjr mtt`tunjs,adhhueàmt`de, men nja`s`de hmbèo. gj rjaurrjet trmèèo njsarìjn QDSs ms m hjmes td trmpjrrdrs, men ms m sduraj df stmenmrn pgrmsjdkdoy td jk`hèmtj h`sadhhueàmt`de men hè`h`zjh`suenjrstmenèo. gjsj QDS-rjkmtjn diljat`vjs mrj m fuenmhjetmk adrejrstdej df AYH.

Gdwjvjr, AP\F-imsjn I?1? p`kdts jhpkdyjn QDS mnmptmt`des, ènàmtèo tgmt tg`s jhpgms`s deQDSs wms ejffjat`vj.

Zek`bj tgj e`t`mk AYH adursj adetjet, sdhj df tgj hmtjr`mk advjrjn nurèo tgj rjaurrjet AYHadursj eakunjn jkjhjets df hdrj aurrjet AYH trmèèo, k`bj n`sauss`des rjkmtjn td tgrjmt-men-jrrdr hmemojhjet adeajpts. gj adetjet df F`rst M`r‐s rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo hjt tgjrjqu`rjhjets spja`f`jn e tgj adhpmey‐s FD^H men e AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10)(i).



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AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10)(i) ndjs edt st`pukmtj m spja`fà nurmt`de fdr rjaurrjet trmèèo. Qèaj mt kjmst9336, tgj adhpmey gms mkkdamtjn > gdurs td advjr tgj rjaurrjet hmtjr`mk. gj nurmt`de df tgjrjaurrjet trmèèo disjrvjn iy tgj QI hjt tgj spja`f`jn t`hj rjqu`rjhjet e tgj FD^H.

Fdkkdwèo è`t`mk AYH trmèèo, tgj FMI6:63 amptmè men FD rjaj`vjn meeumk rjaurrjet trmèèo2tgj amptmè‐s hdst rjajet rjaurrjet trmèèo wms 0 hdetgs ijfdrj tgj maa`njet, men tgj FD‐s wms

: hdetgs ijfdrj tgj maa`njet. Gdwjvjr, nurèo tgj maa`njet fkògt, ej`tgjr p`kdt jffjat`vjkymppk`jn tgj AYH adeajpts prdv`njn e tgj adhpmey‐s rjaurrjet trmèèo.

^gj meeumk rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo tgmt tgj daaurrjeaj p`kdts rjaj`vjn n`n edt mnjqumtjkyrjèfdraj tgj`r bedwkjnoj df AYH adeajpts dr tgj`r mi`k`ty td mppky tgdsj adeajpts nurèo kèjdpjrmt`des.

9.=1 Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet rjoukmt`des è Amemnm

Aurrjet rjoukmt`des rjqu`rj Amemn`me Mv`mt`de Yjoukmt`des (AMY) Quipmrt ?3: dpjrmtdrs tdadenuat AYH trmèèo, iut tgj rjoukmt`des gmvj edt bjpt pmaj w`tg mnvmeajs e AYH tgjdry

men mppkàmt`de, men mrj edw dutnmtjn.

^rmespdrt Amemnm (Â) gms tmbje stjps td mnnrjss hmey df tgj `ssujs w`tg tgj jx`stèorjoukmt`de tgmt wjrj prjv`dusky njet`f`jn iy tgj rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn (^QI). Gdwjvjr,edej df tgjsj prdpdsjn agmeojs gmvj yjt ijje etrdnuajn etd rjoukmt`de. gj aurrjetrjoukmt`de men stmenmrn fdr AMY Quipmrt ?3: AYH trmèèo gmvj edt ijje upnmtjn td rjfkjatmnvmeajs è AYH trmèèo. Ms m rjsukt, tgjrj `s m r`sb tgmt fkògt arjws hmy edt ij trmèjn è tgjkmtjst etjremt`demkky rjadoe`zjn prmatàjs e tgrjmt-men-jrrdr hmemojhjet tjage`qujs.

Mnn`t`demkky, aurrjet AYH trmèèo rjoukmt`des nd edt `njet`fy mey hè`huh nurmt`de fdrè`t`mk men rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo. Ms m rjsukt, dpjrmtdrs mrj frjj td njtjrhèj gdw huag t`hj

tgjy njnàmtj td AYH trmèèo. Ms kdeo ms dpjrmtdrs ame sgdw tgmt tgj`r AYH trmèèo hjjts tgjdutnmtjn rjqu`rjhjets df AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10), tgj AYH adursj ame ij ms sgdrt ms tgjy njjhmpprdpr`mtj.

M`r dpjrmtdrs mrj rjqu`rjn td prdv`nj hmey amtjodr`js df fkògt arjw trmèèo. Gdwjvjr, tgjrjame ij t`hj-rjkmtjn men fèmea`mk prjssurjs td sgdrtje trmèèo k`bj AYH. gj F`rst M`r e`t`mkAYH adursj disjrvjn iy QI èvjstòmtdrs wms adhpkjtjn e lust dvjr > gdurs, rmtgjr tgme tgj 9nmys ètjenjn iy Â. @t `s edt rjmsdemikj td jxpjat tgmt mkk df tgj Â AYH trmèèo pmabmojadukn ij jffjat`vjky tmuogt w`tgè suag m sgdrt t`hj. @f emnjqumtj t`hj s mkkdamtjn fdr è`t`mkAYH trmèèo, fkògt arjw hjhijrs mrj uek`bjky td njvjkdp suffà`jet ar`tàmk AYH sb`kks.

^gj rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo rjqu`rjhjets, ms njfèjn e AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10)(i), nd edt prdv`njdpjrmtdrs w`tg akjmr n`rjat`de rjomrnèo tgj hè`huh rjqu`rjhjets fdr rjaurrjet AYHtrmèèo. @e pmrtàukmr, tgjrj s ed rjqu`rjhjet td rjv`s`t mey df tgj adrj AYH suiljats dutkèjnè AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10)(m). Frdh m trmèèo stmenpdèt, tg`s kmab df rjèfdrajhjet df adrj sb`kkstmuogt nurèo è`t`mk AYH trmèèo adukn rjsukt è m rjture td prjv`dusky kjmrejn ijgmv`durs._`tgdut mnjqumtj rjèfdrajhjet df adrj AYH sb`kks nurèo rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo, tgjrj `sèarjmsjn r`sb tgmt fkògt arjws w`kk jxpjr`jeaj n`ffàukty jhpkdyèo jffjat`vj AYH de tgj fkògtnjab.



- =1? -

@e drnjr fdr me dpjrmtdr‐s AYH prdormh td ij mpprdvjn, tgj dpjrmtdr hust njhdestrmtj tgmt tsprdormh hjjts tgj rjqu`rjhjets dutkèjn e AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10). gj stmenmrn prmatàj s fdr tgjdpjrmtdr td suih`t ts AYH trmèèo pkme, dftje jhijnnjn ms pmrt df tgj adhpmey dpjrmt`deshmeumk, td rjo`demk Â dffàjs fdr mpprdvmk. ^gj rjo`demk Â dffàj w`kk tgje adhpmrj tgjtrmèèo pkme td tgj Qtmenmrn td sjj wgjtgjr tgj rjqu`rjn jkjhjets mrj k`stjn.

F`rst M`r gmn m AYH trmèèo pkme tgmt gmn ijje mpprdvjn iy Â. Gdwjvjr, tgjrj `s edènàmt`de tgmt A gms jvjr mttjenjn dej df F`rst M`r‐s è`t`mk AYH adursjs. Ms m rjsukt, tgjadhpmey gms edt rjaj`vjn fjjnimab frdh tgj rjoukmtdr rjomrnèo tgj qumk`ty df ts e`t`mk AYHtrmèèo men wgjtgjr tgj adursj, ms tmuogt, hjjts rjoukmtdry rjqu`rjhjets.

9.=> Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet èstruatdr maarjn`tmt`de

Fma`k`tmt`de s m spja`mk`zjn sb`kk tgmt hust ij njvjkdpjn. @f en`v`numks sjkjatjn td tjmag AYH ndedt pdssjss tgj ejajssmry fma`k`tmt`de sb`kks, tgjy hmy jxpjr`jeaj n`ffàukt`js jffjat`vjky ou`nèopmrtà`pmets tgrduog tgj trmèèo hmtjr`mk. @ejffjat`vj fma`k`tmt`de adukn rjsukt è pddr rjtjet`dedf tgj sb`kks tmuogt nurèo tgj adursj.

@e Amemnm, tgjrj s ed rjqu`rjhjet fdr AYH fma`k`tmtdrs/èstruatdrs td adhpkjtj m fdrhmktrmèèo adursj dr td ditmè mey typj df maarjn`tmt`de. Adesjqujetky, edej df tgj èstruatdrsadenuatèo AYH trmèèo e Amemnm mrj rjqu`rjn iy rjoukmt`de td gmvj njhdestrmtjn mhè`huh kjvjk df jxpjr`jeaj men/dr trmèèo qumk`fàmt`de. AMY ?3: arjw hjhijrs rjqu`rjn tdadhpkjtj AYH trmèèo euhijr è tgj tgdusmens, men hmey AMY ?31 men ?3> dpjrmtdrsvdkuetmr`ky prdv`nj AYH trmèèo td mnn`t`demk arjw hjhijrs. Ej`tgjr df tgj adhpmey‐spr`hmry AYH estruatdrs gmn rjaj`vjn mey fdrhmk fma`k`tmtdr/èstruatdr trmèèo drmaarjn`tmt`de e tjmagèo AYH. gj misjeaj df estruatdr maarjn`tmt`de rjqu`rjhjets earjmsjstgj r`sb tgmt fkògt arjws w`kk edt rjaj`vj jffjat`vj AYH trmèèo.

^gj hpdrtmeaj df gmvèo qumk`f`jn AYH estruatdrs gms ijje rjadoe`zjn iy tgj Ze`tjnBèondh A`v`k Mv`mt`de Mutgdr`ty (AMM), wgàg gms m fukky njvjkdpjn AYH maarjn`tmt`deprdajss e pkmaj td jesurj tgmt fkògt arjws rjaj`vj tgj ijst pdssìkj AYH trmèèo.

9.=: F`rst M`r smfjty hmemojhjet systjh ètjremk rjpdrtèo prdajssjs

^gj F`rst M`r smfjty hmemojhjet systjh (QHQ) jemikjs jhpkdyjjs td rjpdrt smfjty ssujs usèomey df sjvjrmk rjpdrtèo hjtgdns. Gdwjvjr, tgj 9 prjv`dus jvjets evdkvèo I?1? emvòmt`demkn`ffàukt`js nurèo estruhjet fkògt rukjs (@FY) mpprdmagjs wjrj edt rjpdrtjn iy F`rst M`r p`kdtstd hmemojhjet. ^gj misjeaj df rjpdrts df @ea`njets Dej men ^wd adest`tutjn h`ssjndppdrtue`t`js fdr drome`zmt demk kjmreèo men njet`fàmt`de df pdtjet`mk smfjty ssujs. gmt tgj

od-mrduen è @ea`njet ^wd (m hmenmtdry rjpdrtèo `tjh) wms edt rjpdrtjn ènàmtjs tgmt tgjadhpmey‐s rjpdrtèo systjhs wjrj edt fukky jffjat`vj.

Gmzmrndus s`tumt`des wgàg mrj edt rjpdrtjn mrj uek`bjky td ij `njet`f`jn dr evjstòmtjn2adesjqujetky, adrrjat`vj mat`de ameedt ij tmbje td h`tòmtj mssda`mtjn r`sb.



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9.=6 APYI èstruhjet kmenèo systjh fueat`demk`ty

^gjrj wms ed ètjrfjrjeaj w`tg tgj edrhmk fueat`demk`ty df tgj estruhjet kmenèo systjh (@KQ)fdr Yuewmy 1:^ è APYI.

9.=?

VDY sajemr`dMftjr tgj èiduen ture mt HZQM^, tgj fkògt pmtg df FMI6:63 mppjmrs td ij m trmab n`rjatkytdwmrn tgj PYI VDY. Gdwjvjr, `t ame ij adeakunjn w`tg ajrtmèty tgmt tgj arjw wjrj edtemvòmtèo usèo tgj VDY dr ètjet`demkky trmabèo tdwmrn tgj VDY. ^gj fdkkdwèo èfdrhmt`desuppdrts tg`s adeakus`de<

• Ej`tgjr p`kdt hjet`dejn tgj PYI VDY mt mey t`hj nurèo tgj pjr`dn rjadrnjn de tgjadabp`t vdàj rjadrnjr (AVY).

• Mt =6=:<9>.=, tgj amptmè akjmrky ir`jfjn g`s ètjet`de td fky td tgj kdamk`zjr usèoèstruhjet mpprdmag imsjn de mrjm emvòmt`de (YEMV).

• Mt =6=?<==.0, tgj amptmè adenuatjn m ir`jfèo fdr tgj @KQ Yuewmy 1:^.

• ^gj Hdrsj adnj njet`fàmt`de @YI wms rjadrnjn de tgj AVY jvjry 19.1 sjadens mftjr=6=?<37.:, enàmtèo tgmt mt kjmst dej df tgj VGF EMV rjaj`vjrs wms ajrtmèky tuejn tdtgj n`stmeaj hjmsurèo jqu`phjet (NHJ) mssda`mtjn w`tg tgj @KQ fdr Yuewmy 1:^.

• N`sauss`de ijtwjje tgj p`kdts nurèo fèmk mpprdmag eakunjn rjpjmtjn rjfjrjeajs tdnjv`mt`de rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr men tgj OSQ fkògt-pkmeejn trmab.

• Kmi memkys`s df tgj ed. = men ed. 9 VGF EMV adetrdk ue`ts akjmrky ènàmtj tgmt idtgue`ts wjrj tuejn td tgj @YI @KQ frjqujeay, ==3.13 hjomgjrtz (HGz).

• Kmi memkys`s df tgj VGF EMV trmesfjr sw`tag enàmtjs tgmt tgj sw`tag wms k`bjky e tgj

EDYHMK pds`t`de ijfdrj `hpmat. Adesjqujetky, `t `s k`bjky tgmt tgj ed. 1 VGF EMVrjaj`vjr wdukn gmvj ijje è stmeniy hdnj men edt adetrdkkjn.

• Idtg OSQ ue`ts wjrj prdormhhjn w`tg tgj YEMV mpprdmag td Yuewmy 1:^ w`tgwmypdèts HZQM^, DÊJK, men Y_1:. ^gj mat`vj wmypdèt wms DÊJK. ^gj PYIVDY wms edt èakunjn è tgj fkògt pkme de j`tgjr OSQ.

9.=7 Ou`nmeaj fdr fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr hmètjemeaj

Ms njet`f`jn e tg`s daaurrjeaj, tgj JN-:: ou`nmeaj fdr fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr (FNY) hmètjemeajwms esuffà`jet td jesurj FNY sjrvàjmi`k`ty, spja`fàmkky nuj td tgj sgdrt smhpkj df nmtm usjnfdr tgj adrrjkmt`de agjab (=: hèutjs). @t s prdimikj tgmt tgjrj mrj dtgjr uesjrvàjmikj FNYsystjhs estmkkjn de m`rarmft dpjrmtèo e Amemnm.

FNY hmètjemeaj ou`nmeaj (AMY Qtmenmrn 69:, Mppjen`x A) iy rmespdrt Amemnm (Â) ndjsedt rjfjr td tgj aurrjet Jurdpjme Drome`smt`de fdr A`v`k Mv`mt`de Jqu`phjet (JZYDAMJ) fkògtrjadrnjr spja`fàmt`de, men tgjrjfdrj prdv`njs esuffà`jet ou`nmeaj td jesurj tgj sjrvàjmi`k`tydf FNYs. g`s esuffà`jeay earjmsjs tgj r`sb tgmt efdrhmt`de ejjnjn td njet`fy menadhhueàmtj smfjty njfà`jea`js w`kk edt ij mvm`kmikj.



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9.=0 ^jrrmè mwmrjejss njvàjs

^gj m`rarmft wms jqu`ppjn w`tg me dknjr-ojejrmt`de orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo systjh (OS_Q),wgàg prdv`njn deky me murmk mkjrt men kògt wgje tgj m`rarmft wms w`tgè tgj prdx`h`typmrmhjtjrs df tgj njvàj. gj njvàj usjn rmn`d mkt`hjtjr efdrhmt`de td njtjrhèj prdx`h`ty tdtjrrmè ijkdw tgj m`rarmft, men tgjrjfdrj n`n edt prdv`nj m wmreèo fdr r`sèo tjrrmè è frdet dftgj m`rarmft.

M tjrrmè mwmrjejss men wmreèo systjh (^M_Q) prdv`njs idtg me murmk wmreèo men hmpn`spkmy df tjrrmè è frdet df tgj m`rarmft. ^gj hmp n`spkmy edt deky prjsjets tgj arjw w`tgèfdrhmt`de rjomrnèo tgj tjrrmè jkjvmt`de mkdeo tgj fkògt pmtg, iut mksd prdv`njs mnn`t`demks`tumt`demk mwmrjejss ms td m`rarmft pds`t`de rjkmt`vj td distmakjs men tgj etjenjn fkògt pmtg.@hprdvjhjets e tgj sdurajs df efdrhmt`de usjn td amkaukmtj men prjnàt orduen prdx`h`tygmvj rjsuktjn è jmrk`jr wmreèo edtàjs men èarjmsjn t`hj fdr arjw rjmat`de. ^gj ejwrjoukmtdry mhjenhjets rjqu`rèo M_Q jqu`phjet de adhhjra`mk m`rarmft adefòurjn w`tg 6dr hdrj pmssjeojr sjmts sgdukn suistmet`mkky h`tòmtj tgj r`sb df adetrdkkjn fkògt ètd tjrrmè(AF@^) maa`njets.

@e tg`s daaurrjeaj, tgj arjw‐s s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss wdukn gmvj ijje jegmeajn men rjmat`det`hj td m orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo wdukn gmvj ijje earjmsjn gmn tgj m`rarmft ijje jqu`ppjnw`tg m ^M_Q.

9.93 Qurv`vmi`k`ty

^gj surv`vmi`k`ty df tgj daaurrjeaj wms rjkmtjn td tgj jxtjet df nmhmoj sustmèjn iy tgjdaaupmets‐ rjstrmèt systjhs. Daaupmets wgdsj sjmts sjpmrmtjn frdh tgj fusjkmoj jmrky e tgjirjmbup sjqujeaj sustmèjn hdrj sjvjrj elur`js, ades`stjet w`tg fdrajfuk adetmat w`tg tgjorduen. Daaupmets wgdsj sjmts rjhmèjn kmrojky etmat, uprògt, men pmrt`mkky mttmagjn td tgjkjft pdrt`de df tgj amiè fkddr, tgrduogdut dr uet`k kmtj è tgj armsg sjqujeaj, ojejrmkky sustmèjnkjss sjvjrj elur`js, ades`stjet w`tg kjss fdrajfuk adetmat w`tg èlur`dus surfmajs. Mkk df tgjsurv`vdrs ijkdeojn td tg`s kmttjr ordup.

9.9= ED^MH systjh

^gjrj wjrj euhjrdus ED^MHs (edtàjs td m`rhje) ssujn td agmeoj tgj jffjat`vj pjr`dn df tgjh`k`tmry tjrhèmk adetrdk mrjm (HÂM). gj adetjet df tgjsj ED^MHs wms tgj smhj, w`tg tgjjxajpt`de df tgj idttdh kèj, wgàg prdv`njn tgj rjv`sjn nmtj men t`hj ordups. @e sdhjèstmeajs, tgj deky agmeoj td tgj ED^MH adetjet wms 1 euhjrà agmrmatjrs de tgj idttdh kèj

df m adnjn =>-kèj hjssmoj.

M ejw ED^MH s njsòemtjn ms ED^MHE men prdv`njs ejw efdrhmt`de td m`rspmaj usjrs. Mssuag, `t `s k`bjky td jkà`t usjrs‐ mttjet`de. ^gj f`rst ED^MHY (rjpkmajhjet ED^MH) `s mksdk`bjky td jkà`t usjrs‐ mttjet`de. M sjaden ED^MHY, jvje w`tg tgj rjpkmajn ED^MH euhijrfdkkdwèo tgj Y, hmy deky ij jxmhèjn e m aursdry fmsg`de, ijamusj tgj p`kdt hmy gmvj sjjetgj Y njsòemt`de prjv`dusky. gj p`kdt hmy tgjrjfdrj adeakunj tgmt tg`s s tgj smhj hjssmojrjmn prjv`dusky, jspja`mkky o`vje tgmt tgjrj `s ed hjtgdn df gògkògtèo suitkj agmeojs.



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ED^MHs `ssujn tgrduog tgj Mv`mt`de _jmtgjr _ji Q`tj (M__Q) nd edt èakunj tgj Y, A, dr Enjsòemt`des, men tgjrjfdrj, jvjry ED^MH hust ij trjmtjn ms m ejw ED^MH. Gdwjvjr, updeè`t`mk same df m ejw ED^MH rjomrnèo tgj Dpjrmt`de EMEDDB m`rspmaj, tgj rjmnjr hmytgèb `t `s tgj smhj hjssmoj ms m prjv`dus dej, ijamusj tgj tjxt wms `njetàmk jxajpt fdr m fjwnò`ts mt tgj idttdh enàmtèo m agmeoj td tgj jffjat`vj nmtj.

^gj `ssumeaj df sd hmey mkhdst `njetàmk ED^MHs è metà`pmt`de df m suaajssfuk fkògt agjab,w`tgdut mey mssurmeaj tgmt m fkògt agjab wdukn ij sagjnukjn dr adukn ij amrr`jn dut, hmy gmvjkjn td adefus`de mhdeo tgj arjws men tgj EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde Mrjm Adetrdk Ajetrj(MAA) adetrdkkjr ms td tgj stmtus df tgj m`rspmaj.

^gj arjws df FMI6:63 men BIM030, ms wjkk ms tgj Jnhdetde MAA adetrdkkjr gmenkèoFMI6:63, mkk jxpjatjn tgmt tgj HÂM wdukn ij è jffjat men tgmt adetrdk sjrvàjs wdukn ijprdv`njn. gj ED^MHs ssujn adeajreèo tgj jstmik`sghjet df tgj HÂM n`n edt suaajjn eadhhueàmtèo tgj èfdrhmt`de ejjnjn iy tgj m`rspmaj usjrs.

9.99 APYI m`r trmffà adetrdk

Mkk rjfjrjeajs td m`r trmffà sjrvàjs mt APYI rjfjr td h`k`tmry jqu`phjet men pjrsdeejk, uekjssdtgjrw`sj stmtjn.

^gj APYI =633 rdutèj mv`mt`de wjmtgjr rjpdrt (HJ^MY) wms tgj hdst rjajet rjpdrt mvm`kmikjtd adetrdkkjrs men p`kdts. Mktgduog tgj APYI tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr n`n edt prdv`nj kmenèoèfdrhmt`de de e`t`mk adetmat w`tg FMI6:63, tgj fkògt arjw mkrjmny gmn tgj =633 APYIHJ^MY. Adesjqujetky, tgj fmat tgmt tgj APYI tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr n`n edt prdv`nj tg`sèfdrhmt`de n`n edt njtrmat frdh tgj arjw‐s hjetmk hdnjk men s edt adetrìutdry td tgjmaa`njet. gj APYI tdwjr adetrdkkjr‐s rjspdesì`k`t`js n`n edt eakunj prdv`nèo aj`kèo men

v`sì`k`ty2 f tgjy gmn, tgj adetrdkkjr wdukn edt gmvj gmn mey hdrj rjajet èfdrhmt`de tgme tgjarjw mkrjmny gmn.

^gj tdwjr adetrdkkjr n`n edt gmvj rmnmr efdrhmt`de mvm`kmikj, men tgj wjmtgjr prjvjetjnv`sumk njtjrhèmt`de df tgj pds`t`de df FMI6:63. gjrjfdrj, tgj tdwjr adetrdkkjr n`n edt gmvjtgj èfdrhmt`de rjqu`rjn td njtjrhèj wgjtgjr mey pds`t`de wmreèo wms wmrrmetjn.

Mktgduog tgj rmnmr wms edt fkògt-agjabjn, t wms dpjrmtèo nurèo tgj mrr`vmk df FMI6:63, menrmnmr efdrhmt`de wms mvm`kmikj de idtg tgj mrjm survj`kkmeaj rmnmr (MQY) men prja`s`dempprdmag rmnmr (SMY) n`spkmys è tgj tjrhèmk trm`kjr. ^gj rmnmr adukn edt ij usjn fdr prdv`s`dedf adetrdk sjrvàjs, ijamusj t gmn edt ijje fkògt-agjabjn2 tgjrjfdrj, tgj tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr wms

edt prdv`nèo adetrdk sjrvàjs men wms edt mat`vjky hde`tdrèo tgj rmnmr n`spkmys.Adesjqujetky, tgj tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr wms edt mwmrj df FMI6:63‐s prdx`h`ty td tjrrmè.

Ej`tgjr tgj tdwjr edr tgj tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr gmn suffà`jet vmk`n efdrhmt`de mvm`kmikj td amusjtgjh td `ssuj m pds`t`de mnv`sdry td FMI6:63.

^gj agdàj df Akmss N m`rspmaj fdr idtg tgj HÂM men tgj APYI adetrdk zdej wms imsjn de tgjnjs`rj td jesurj tgmt mkk m`rarmft w`tgè tgj m`rspmaj wdukn ij prdv`njn w`tg pds`t`vj adetrdk



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sjrvàj. _gje tgj rmnmr adukn edt ij usjn, tgj h`k`tmry njtjrhèjn tgmt t adukn edt prdv`njsjrvàjs e tgj HÂM, men rjpjmtjnky njkmyjn ts jstmik`sghjet. gj adetrdk zdej, gdwjvjr,wms e jffjat, iut ed ades`njrmt`de wms o`vje td tgj ejjn td prdv`nj ede-rmnmr estruhjet fkògtrukjs (@FY) sjrvàj, wgàg tgj sjkjat`de df m Akmss N adetrdk zdej rjqu`rjn.

_`tgè m adetrdk zdej, @FY adetrdk sjrvàjs wdukn edrhmkky ij prdv`njn iy me @FY adetrdkkjr e

tgj mssda`mtjn @FY adetrdk ue`t. Gdwjvjr, tgj APYI HÂM wms edt e jffjat2 tgjrjfdrj, tgjm`rspmaj surrduenèo tgj adetrdk zdej wms Akmss O ueadetrdkkjn. _`tgdut tgj HÂM dr madetrdk mrjm jxtjes`de, esuffà`jet m`rspmaj wms mvm`kmikj fdr prdv`nèo @FY adetrdk sjrvàjsw`tgè tgj adetrdk zdej td mrr`vèo dr njpmrtèo m`rarmft. Ijamusj tgj HÂM wms edt e jffjat, edsjpmrmt`de stmenmrn dr mpprdmag akjmrmeajs wjrj prdv`njn td FMI6:63 men BIM030. g`ss`tumt`de rjsuktjn è m kdss df @FY sjpmrmt`de ijtwjje FMI6:63 men BIM030 wgje BIM030jetjrjn tgj Akmss N adetrdk zdej mt =6>3<::.

^gjrj wms ed fdrhmk njakmrmt`de df me mkjrt pgmsj iy tgj APYI adetrdk tdwjr. Gdwjvjr, sdhjmojea`js tgmt wdukn edrhmkky ij mnv`sjn tgmt tgj m`rarmft wms è tgj QMY mkjrt pgmsj wjrj hmnjmwmrj df tgj h`ssèo m`rarmft nurèo tgj adhhueàmt`de sjmrag fdr FMI6:63. Ldèt Yjsauj

Addrnèmt`de Ajetrj (LYAA) rjetde wms ukt`hmtjky edt`f`jn iy EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde m`radetrdk ajetrj (MAA). gj njkmy e edt`fàmt`de df tgj LYAA n`n edt njkmy tgj jhjrojeayrjspdesj td tgj armsg s`tj, ijamusj tgj f`rj gmkk rjsdurajs wjrj mkrjmny de stmeniy men njpkdyjn`hhjn`mtjky wgje tgj armsg s`tj ijamhj v`sìkj.

9.91 M`rarmft hmètjemeaj

9.91.= M`rwdrtgèjss n`rjat`vjs

Ms m rjsukt df MN 933>-=0-=3 men MN 9336-=9-91 edt ijèo fukky maadhpk`sgjn, tgj ajrt`fàmtj dfm`rwdrtgèjss fdr A-OE_E wms edt è jffjat mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet.

^gjrj wjrj ed medhmk`js jetjrjn etd tgj m`rarmft kdoiddbs rjkmtjn td adetrdkkmi`k`ty ssujs, mentgjrj wms ed enàmt`de e tgj fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr tgmt tgj arjw gmn mey adetrdkkmi`k`ty ssujw`tg tgj m`rarmft.

@t s tgjrjfdrj adeakunjn tgmt tgj ede-adhpk`meaj w`tg tgjsj 9 MNs n`n edt adetrìutj td tgjmaa`njet.

9.91.9 Jhjrojeay kdamtdr trmesh`ttjr

^gj jhjrojeay kdamtdr trmesh`ttjr (JK^) wms estmkkjn w`tg tgj mat`vmt`de sw`tag e tgj DFF

pds`t`de. Gdwjvjr, jvje f t gmn ijje e tgj DE pds`t`de, t s uek`bjky tgmt tgj trmesh`ss`desòemk wdukn gmvj ijje strdeo jeduog td ij njtjatjn, ms tgj metjeem amikj wms sjvjrjn mt`hpmat. gjrjfdrj, t s adeakunjn tgmt tgj mat`vmt`de sw`tag pds`t`de df tgj JK^ n`n edt njkmytgj rjsauj rjspdesj fdr tg`s maa`njet.

^gj njet`fàmt`de efdrhmt`de prdormhhjn de tgj m`rarmft ètjrfmaj hdnukj (ndeokj) wms frdhtgj m`rarmft tgmt tgj JK^ gmn prjv`dusky ijje estmkkjn de. Qèaj tgj JK^ wms uemikj td trmesh`t,tgj eadrrjat njet`fàmt`de efdrhmt`de wms edt m fmatdr.



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9.9> Fkògt nmtm hde`tdrèo

Srdmat`vj men ede-pue`t`vj memkys`s df nj-`njet`f`jn nmtm ojejrmtjn nurèo fkògt dpjrmt`des amegjkp td njet`fy men adetrdk r`sb prjsjet e m adhpmey‐s dpjrmt`des. g`s ampmi`k`ty prdv`njs mhjmes td hde`tdr p`kdt ijgmv`dur e mnn`t`de td fdrhmk mssjsshjet tddks, suag ms trmèèo menagjab r`njs. M`r amrr`jrs tgmt nd edt jhpkdy sdhj fdrh df fkògt nmtm hde`tdrèo w`kk gmvjèmnjqumtj bedwkjnoj df r`sbs jx`stèo w`tgè tgj adhpmey. g`s emnjqumay ame hpm`r me m`ramrr`jr‐s mi`k`ty td njet`fy men h`tòmtj tgj r`sbs. @f m`r amrr`jrs nd edt hde`tdr fkògt nmtm td`njet`fy men adrrjat prdikjhs, tgjrj s m r`sb tgmt mnmptmt`des df stmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjsw`kk edt ij njtjatjn.

Mktgduog F`rst M`r gms m fkògt nmtm hde`tdrèo (FNH) prdormh, tgj adhpmey‐s FNH prdormhwms uenjrodèo m trmes`t`de td m ejw sjrvàj prdv`njr mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet, men nmtmmemkys`s wms edt ijèo adenuatjn. g`s g`mtus njpr`vjn tgj adhpmey df me dppdrtue`ty td`njet`fy mnmptmt`des df QDSs, suag ms adetèumt`de td kmenèo fdkkdwèo me uestmi`k`zjnmpprdmag.

9.9: _jmtgjr

^gj kmtjst APYI wjmtgjr disjrvmt`de mvm`kmikj td tgj arjw wms tgj =633 HJ^MY, wgàg tgjyditmèjn mt =630. gj ejxt rjadrnjn wjmtgjr disjrvmt`de wms m spja`mk wjmtgjr rjpdrt (QSJA@)mt =6>0. ^gj arjw df FMI6:63 gmn tgj hdst rjajet èfdrhmt`de mvm`kmikj.

^gj APYI v`sì`k`ty njarjmsjn frdh =3 h`kjs mt =633 td : h`kjs mt =6>0. ^g`s njakèj è v`sì`k`tywdukn edt gmvj tròojrjn m QSJA@. ^gj APYI aj`kèo njarjmsjn frdh ?33 td 133 fjjt nurèo tg`spjr`dn. Gdwjvjr, ed efdrhmt`de wms mvm`kmikj ms td wgje tgj agmeoj daaurrjn.

Mt =6>=<>=, tgj FD stmtjn tgmt gj smw tgj sgdrjkèj. ^g`s stmtjhjet hjmes tgmt gj adukn ir`jfkysjj tgj surfmaj, men ènàmtjs tgmt tgj akdun imsj wms k`bjky rmoojn. gj APYI m`rpdrt jkjvmt`de`s 999 fjjt midvj sjm kjvjk (msk), men tgj jkjvmt`de df tgj wrjabmoj wms mpprdx`hmtjky >33 fjjtmsk. gj f`rj men shdbj dròèmtèo frdh tgj ajetrmk fusjkmoj men wèos wjrj edt v`sìkj frdhtgj m`rpdrt frdh tgj t`hj df tgj armsg uet`k =?=0. ^g`s fmat ènàmtjs tgmt tgj akdun imsj è tgmtsjatdr df tgj sby wms kjss tgme 933 fjjt midvj tgj m`rpdrt. Gdwjvjr, ijamusj tgjrj `s edèfdrhmt`de midut tgj akdun imsj è dtgjr sjatdrs df tgj sby, ed adeakus`de ame ij nrmwe ms tdtgj akdun aj`kèo mt tgj m`rpdrt mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet.

Qjvje hèutjs mftjr tgj maa`njet, tgj APYI =6>0 QSJA@ rjpdrtjn me disjrvjn aj`kèo df133 fjjt mok, wgàg wms =33 fjjt midvj mpprdmag hè`huhs. Mnnèo tg`s aj`kèo gjògt td tgjm`rpdrt jkjvmt`de df 999 fjjt, tgj rjpdrtjn akdun imsj wdukn gmvj ijje mt :33 fjjt msk, wgàg wms

midut =33 fjjt midvj tgj armsg s`tj. O`vje tgmt tgj s`tj n`n edt ijadhj v`sìkj uet`k =?=0, tgjakdun imsj è tgmt vàè`ty df tgj g`kks wms de tgj surfmaj. ^gj aj`kèo mt tgj maa`njet s`tj n`ffjrjnsdhjwgmt frdh tgj aden`t`des disjrvjn n`rjatky dvjr tgj m`rpdrt.

Disjrvjn surfmaj v`sì`k`ty wms =3 h`kjs mt =633, men : h`kjs mt =6>0. Mktgduog tgj v`sì`k`ty mttgj m`rpdrt mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet `s uebedwe, `t k`bjky n`n edt njarjmsj ijkdw mpprdmaghè`huhs mt mey t`hj nurèo tgj mrr`vmk df FMI6:63.



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9.96 Y`sb mssda`mtjn w`tg uestmikj mpprdmagjs

Yjsjmrag gms sgdwe tgmt uestmikj mpprdmagjs prjsjet m gòg r`sb td smfj fkògt dpjrmt`des. =6> Mssgdwe e prjv`dus evjstòmt`des iy QI men dtgjr fdrjòe mojea`js, ejomt`vj dutadhjs eakunjtm`k str`bjs, ruewmy dvjrrues, men adetrdkkjn fkògt etd tjrrmè (AF@^). _g`kj tgjrj mrj sdhjnjfjeajs è pkmaj td h`tòmtj tgj r`sb df uestmikj mpprdmagjs, edt mkk njfjeajs mrj jhpkdyjn iymkk dpjrmtdrs. @e tg`s evjstòmt`de, tgj Idmrn jxmhèjn e njtm`k tgj njfjeajs mvm`kmikj td m`ramrr`jrs td h`tòmtj tgj r`sbs mssda`mtjn w`tg uestmikj mpprdmagjs men tgj`r adesjqujeajs. gjsjhmèky mnhè`strmt`vj njfjeajs eakunj<

• M adhpmey stmi`k`zjn-mpprdmag pdkày, èakunèo m ed-fmukt od-mrduen pdkày2

• Dpjrmt`demk zjn stmikj mpprdmag ar`tjr`m men stmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjs (QDSs),èakunèo arjw pgrmsjdkdoy2

• Jffjat`vj arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet (AYH), eakunèo jhpdwjrèo df f`rst dffàjrs tdtmbj adetrdk è me uesmfj s`tumt`de2

• Zsj df fkògt nmtm hde`tdrèo (FNH) prdormhs td hde`tdr QDS adhpk`meaj w`tg

stmi`k`zjn mpprdmag ar`tjr`m2

• Zsj df kèj-dr`jetjn smfjty mun`ts (KDQM) dr dtgjr hjmes, suag ms prdfà`jeay men kèjagjabs, td mssjss AYH prmatàjs men njet`fy arjw mnmptmt`des df QDSs2

• Ede-pue`t`vj rjpdrtèo systjhs (td rjpdrt daaurrjeajs dr uesmfj prmatàjs)2

• Zsj df tjrrmè mwmrjejss men wmreèo systjhs (^M_Q).

_g`kj F`rst M`r gmn sdhj df tgjsj njfjeajs e pkmaj, eakunèo m stmi`k`zjn mpprdmag pdkày menar`tjr`m, m ed-fmukt od-mrduen pdkày, smfjty hmemojhjet systjh (QHQ) gmzmrn men daaurrjeajrjpdrtèo, tgj twd-adhhueàmt`de rukj, men me dknjr-ojejrmt de OS_Q, tgjsj njfjeajs wjrjedt rdiust jeduog td prjvjet tgj adetèumt de df tgj uestmikj mpprdmag dr adkk`s`de w`tgtjrrmè. Dtgjr QI evjstòmt`des gmvj sgdwe tgmt ede-mngjrjeaj td adhpmey QDSs rjkmtjn tdstmi`k`zjn mpprdmagjs `s edt ue`quj td F`rst M`r. =6:

Aurrjet njfjeajs momèst adetèuèo uestmikj mpprdmagjs gmvj prdvje kjss tgme mnjqumtj.Zekjss furtgjr mat`de s tmbje td rjnuaj tgj ea`njeaj df uestmikj mpprdmagjs tgmt adetèuj td mkmenèo, tgj r`sb df AF@^ men df mpprdmag men kmenèo maa`njets w`kk pjrs`st.

=6> Fkògt Qmfjty Fduenmt`de, Fkògt Qmfjty Fduenmt`de Mpprdmag men Kmenèo Maa`njet Yjnuat`de (FQFMKMY), Ir`jfèo Edtj ?.=< Qtmi`k`zjn Mpprdmag, Fkògt Qmfjty Nòjst (Muoust∙Edvjhijr 9333)

=6: ^QI èvjstòmt`de rjpdrts M=9_333>, M=9]3=6=, M37D3111, M37D331:, M3?_333:, M3>D3=77, menM33G333>



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1.3 Fènèos

1.= Fènèos ms td amusjs men adetrìutèo fmatdrs

=. ^gj kmtj e`t`mt`de men suisjqujet hmemojhjet df tgj njsajet rjsuktjn e tgj m`rarmft

tureèo detd fèmk mpprdmag 633 fjjt midvj tgj ok`njskdpj, earjmsèo tgj arjw‐swdrbkdmn men rjnuaèo tgj`r ampma`ty td mssjss men rjsdkvj tgj emvòmt`demk ssujsnurèo tgj rjhmènjr df tgj mpprdmag.

9. _gje tgj gjmnèo rjfjrjeaj frdh tgj adhpmss systjhs wms sjt nurèo e`t`mk njsajet,tgjrj wms me jrrdr df ∙7³. Fdr uenjtjrhèjn rjmsdes, furtgjr adhpmss nr`ft nurèo tgjmrr`vmk men mpprdmag rjsuktjn è adhpmss jrrdrs df mt kjmst ∙=?³ de fèmk mpprdmag.

1. Ms tgj m`rarmft rdkkjn dut df tgj ture detd fèmk mpprdmag td tgj rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr, tgjamptmè k`bjky hmnj m adetrdk wgjjk rdkk eput tgmt amusjn tgj mutdp`kdt td rjvjrt frdhVDY/KDA ampturj td HME men GNO GDKN hdnj. ^gj hdnj agmeoj wms edt njtjatjn

iy tgj arjw.

>. De rdkkèo dut df tgj ture, tgj amptmè‐s gdr`zdetmk s`tumt`de enàmtdr n`spkmyjn mgjmnèo df 113³, prdv`nèo m pjraj`vjn è`t`mk etjrajpt meokj df =?³ td tgj eiduenkdamk`zjr trmab df 1>?³. Gdwjvjr, nuj td tgj adhpmss jrrdr, tgj m`rarmft‐s truj gjmnèowms 1>6³. _`tg 1³ df wèn nr`ft td tgj rògt, tgj m`rarmft n`vjrojn furtgjr rògt df tgjkdamk`zjr.

:. ^gj arjw‐s wdrbkdmn earjmsjn ms tgjy mttjhptjn td uenjrstmen men rjsdkvj tgjmhiòu`ty df tgj trmab n`vjrojeaj, wgàg wms èadeorujet w`tg tgj pjraj`vjn ètjrajptmeokj men jxpjatjn rjsukts.

6. Zenjtjatjn iy tgj p`kdts, tgj fkògt n`rjatdrs k`bjky rjvjrtjn td MZ^D MSS etjrajpthdnj ms tgj m`rarmft pmssjn tgrduog 9.:³ rògt df tgj kdamk`zjr, prdv`nèo rdkk ou`nmeaj tdtgj sjkjatjn gjmnèo (wèos-kjvjk adhhmen) rmtgjr tgme td tgj kdamk`zjr (kjft-tureadhhmen).

?. M n`vjrojeaj e hjetmk hdnjks njormnjn tgj arjw‐s mi`k`ty td rjsdkvj tgj emvòmt`demk`ssujs. gj wèos-kjvjk adhhmen de tgj fkògt n`rjatdr k`bjky mssurjn tgj amptmè tgmttgj etjrajpt meokj wms suffà`jet td rjture tgj m`rarmft td tgj sjkjatjn adursj2 gdwjvjr,tgj f`rst dffàjr k`bjky put hdrj wjògt de tgj pds`t`demk efdrhmt`de df tgj trmab imr menOSQ.

7. ^gj arjw‐s mttjet`de wms njvdtjn td sdkvèo tgj emvòmt`demk prdikjh, wgàg njkmyjntgj adefòurmt`de df tgj m`rarmft fdr kmenèo. g`s prdikjh sdkvèo wms me mnn`t`demktmsb, edt edrhmkky mssda`mtjn w`tg tg`s ar`tàmk pgmsj df fkògt, wgàg jsamkmtjn tgjwdrbkdmn.

0. ^gj f`rst dffàjr ènàmtjn td tgj amptmè tgmt tgjy gmn fukk kdamk`zjr njfkjat`de. @e tgjmisjeaj df stmenmrn pgrmsjdkdoy mppkàmikj td g`s aurrjet s`tumt`de, gj gmn td `hprdv`sj



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tgj od-mrduen suoojst`de. Mktgduog fukk njfkjat`de `s me uenjs`rjn m`rarmft stmtjrjqu`rèo m od-mrduen, tgj amptmè adetèujn tgj mpprdmag.

=3. ^gj arjw n`n edt hmètmè m sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss. Ms tgj mpprdmag adetèujn,tgj p`kdts n`n edt jffjat`vjky adhhueàmtj tgj`r rjspjat`vj pjrajpt`de, uenjrstmenèo,men futurj prdljat`de df tgj m`rarmft stmtj.

==. Mktgduog tgj adhpmey gmn m pdkày tgmt rjqu`rjn me `hhjn`mtj od-mrduen e tgj jvjettgmt me mpprdmag wms uestmikj ijkdw =333 fjjt midvj f`jkn jkjvmt`de, ed od-mrduen wmsè`t`mtjn. g`s pdkày gmn edt ijje dpjrmt`demk zjn w`tg mey prdajnurmk ou`nmeaj e tgjstmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjs.

=9. ^gj amptmè n`n edt ètjrprjt tgj f`rst dffàjr‐s stmtjhjet df ‛1 h`kj men edt adefòojn‘ms ou`nmeaj td e`t`mtj m od-mrduen. gj amptmè adetèujn tgj mpprdmag men amkkjn fdrmnn`t`demk stjps td adefòurj tgj m`rarmft.

=1. ^gj f`rst dffàjr wms tmsb-smturmtjn, men gj tgus gmn kjss t`hj men adoe`t`vj ampma`ty tdnjvjkdp men jxjautj m adhhueàmt`de strmtjoy tgmt wdukn rjsukt e tgj amptmè

agmeoèo g`s adursj df mat`de.

=>. Nuj td mttjet`demk emrrdwèo men tmsb smturmt`de, tgj amptmè k`bjky n`n edt gmvj m gòg-kjvjk dvjrv`jw df tgj s`tumt`de. g`s kmab df dvjrv`jw adhprdh`sjn g`s mi`k`ty td `njet`fymen hmemoj r`sb.

=:. ^gj arjw e`t`mtjn m od-mrduen mftjr tgj orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo systjh ‛sèb rmtj‘mkjrt daaurrjn, iut tgjrj wms èsuffà`jet mkt`tunj men t`hj td jxjautj tgj hmedjuvrjmen mvd`n adkk`s`de w`tg tjrrmè.

=6. ^gj f`rst dffàjr hmnj hmey mttjhpts td adhhueàmtj g`s adeajres men suoojst m od-

mrduen. Duts`nj df tgj twd-adhhueàmt`de rukj, tgjrj wms ed ou`nmeaj prdv`njn tdmnnrjss m s`tumt`de e wgàg tgj p`kdt fkyèo s rjspdes`vj iut s edt agmeoèo me uesmfjadursj df mat`de. @e tgj misjeaj df akjmr pdkà`js dr prdajnurjs mkkdwèo m f`rst dffàjr tdjsamkmtj frdh me mnv`sdry rdkj td tmbèo adetrdk, tg`s f`rst dffàjr k`bjky fjkt ègì`tjn frdhndèo sd.

=?. ^gj arjw‐s arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet wms ejffjat`vj. F`rst M`r‐s e`t`mk men rjaurrjetarjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo n`n edt prdv`nj tgj arjw w`tg suffà`jet prmatàmkstrmtjo`js td mss`st w`tg nja`s`de hmbèo men prdikjh sdkvèo, adhhueàmt`de, menwdrbkdmn hmemojhjet.

=7. Qtmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurj mnmptmt`des de FMI6:63 rjsuktjn e èjffjat`vj arjw

adhhueàmt`de, jsamkmtjn wdrbkdmn kjmnèo td tmsb smturmt`de, men irjmbndwe èsgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss. F`rst M`r‐s supjrv`sdry mat`v`t`js n`n edt njtjat tgjstmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurj mnmptmt`des w`tgè tgj Pjkkdwbe`fj I?1? arjw imsj.





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1.1 Dtgjr fènèos

=. @t s k`bjky tgmt idtg p`kdts sw`tagjn frdh OSQ td VGF EMV nurèo tgj fèmk pdrt`de dftgj è-rmeoj agjab ijfdrj tgj ture mt HZQM^.

9. ^gj fkògt arjw df FMI6:63 wjrj edt emvòmtèo usèo tgj PYI VDY dr ètjet`demkky

trmabèo tdwmrn tgj VDY.

1. ^gjrj wms ed ètjrfjrjeaj w`tg tgj edrhmk fueat`demk`ty df tgj estruhjet kmenèosystjh fdr Yuewmy 1:^ mt APYI.

>. Ej`tgjr tgj h`k`tmry tdwjr edr tgj h`k`tmry tjrhèmk adetrdkkjr mt APYI gmn suffà`jetvmk`n èfdrhmt`de mvm`kmikj td amusj tgjh td `ssuj m pds`t`de mnv`sdry td FMI6:63.

:. ^gj tjhpdrmry Akmss N adetrdk zdej jstmik`sgjn iy tgj h`k`tmry mt APYI wms dpjrmtèow`tgdut mey ampmi`k`ty td prdv`nj estruhjet fkògt rukjs sjpmrmt`de.

6.

^gj njkmy e edt`fàmt`de df tgj ldèt rjsauj addrnèmt`de ajetrj n`n edt njkmy tgjjhjrojeay rjspdesj td tgj armsg s`tj.

?. ^gj ED^MHs ssujn adeajreèo tgj jstmik`sghjet df tgj h`k`tmry tjrhèmk adetrdk mrjmn`n edt suaajjn e adhhueàmtèo tgj efdrhmt`de ejjnjn iy tgj m`rspmaj usjrs.

7. ^gj aj`kèo mt tgj m`rpdrt mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet adukn edt ij njtjrhèjn. ^gjv`sì`k`ty mt tgj m`rpdrt mt tgj t`hj df tgj maa`njet k`bjky n`n edt njarjmsj ijkdw mpprdmaghè`huhs mt mey t`hj nurèo tgj mrr`vmk df FMI6:63. ^gj akdun kmyjr mt tgj armsg s`tjwms surfmaj-imsjn kjss tgme 933 fjjt midvj tgj m`rpdrt jkjvmt`de.





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De =0 Njajhijr 93==, tgj ^QI mnv`sjn EMV AMEMNM tgmt m rjv`jw df tgj APYI mpprdmagpkmtjs men mjrdnrdhj agmrt enàmtjn > n`ffjrjet hmoejtà vmr`mt`de njpàt`des. M k`h`tjnrjv`jw df Amemnm M`r S`kdt, vdkuhj (AMS) =, =66 sgdwjn tgmt hmey dtgjr kdamt`des s`h`kmrky gmvjn`ffjrjet vmkujs fdr tgj hmoejtà vmr`mt`de njpàtjn de n`ffjrjet pkmtjs. gj QI suoojstjn tgmtEMV AMEMNM hmy w`sg td tmbj mhjenèo mat`de td njpàt ades`stjet èfdrhmt`de è Amemnm M`r S`kdt, AMS =, men mhjen prdajssjs td jesurj tgmt futurj hmoejtà vmr`mt`de njpàt`des mrj

ades`stjet.

De 37 Fjirumry 93=9, tgj ^QI `ssujn Mv`mt`de Qmfjty Mnv`sdry M==G3339-N=-M=, @FYQjpmrmt`de è Akmss N M`rspmaj, td tgj Adhhmenjr df tgj = Amemn`me M`r N`v`s`de, YdymkAmemn`me M`r Fdraj. gj mnv`sdry stmtjn< =6?

Ijamusj h`k`tmry MÂ adetèujn td dpjrmtj tgj Akmss N adetrdk zdejw`tgdut tgj mi`k`ty td prdv`nj @FY sjpmrmt`de e èstruhjet hjtjdrdkdoàmkaden`t`des, tgjrj wms me earjmsjn r`sb df h`n-m`r adkk`s`de. Zekjss futurjJM^H dpjrmt`des eakunj tgj prdv`s`de fdr mkk tgj m`r trmffà sjrvàjsrjqu`rjn fdr tgj akmss df m`rspmaj, tg`s r`sb w`kk pjrs`st.

De =9 Mpr`k 93=9, tgj QI ssujn Mv`mt`de Qmfjty @efdrhmt`de kjttjr M==G3339-N9-K=,@emnjqumtj Ou`nmeaj fdr FNY Hmètjemeaj, =67 td ^rmespdrt Amemnm. gj kjttjr enàmtjn tgmttgj Amemn`me Mv`mt`de Yjoukmt`des (AMY) Qtmenmrn fdr FNY hmètjemeaj ndjs edt rjfkjat tgjaurrjet JZYDAMJ (Jurdpjme Drome`smt`de fdr A`v`k Mv`mt`de Jqu`phjet) spja`fàmt`des fdrfkògt rjadrnjr hmètjemeaj, men tgjrjfdrj prdv`njs esuffà`jet ou`nmeaj td jesurj tgjsjrvàjmi`k`ty df FNYs.

De 96 Mpr`k 93=9, QI evjstòmtdrs prjsjetjn m ir`jfèo td sje`dr F`rst M`r hmemojhjetpjrsdeejk rjomrnèo tgj adhpmey‐s AYH trmèèo. F`rst M`r adenuats `ts è`t`mk AYH trmèèonurèo typj trmèèo fdr ejwky g`rjn p`kdts. ^QI èvjstòmtdrs mttjenjn m F`rst M`r è`t`mk AYHtrmèèo adursj de 31 Mpr`k 93=92 tg`s wms tgj f`rst è`t`mk AYH adursj adenuatjn sèaj tgj

maa`njet. gj adursj wms t`hj-adhprjssjn, men n`n edt mnnrjss mkk df tgj hdnukjs rjqu`rjnuenjr AMY ?3:.=9> ∙ rmèèo Srdormh, =60 men Adhhjra`mk M`r Qjrvàj Qtmenmrns (AMQQ)?9:.=9>(10) ∙ Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet rmèèo. =?3 Mnn`t`demkky, tgj adetjet df tgj hmtjr`mk

=66 EMV AMEMNM, Amemnm M`r S`kdt (AMS), AMS =< Pubde, Edrtgwjst jrr`tdr`js men Euemvut(jffjat`vj 13 Luej 93==)

=6? ^QI, Mv`mt`de Qmfjty Mnv`sdry M==G3339-N=-M=< @FY Qjpmrmt`de è Akmss N M`rspmaj (37 Fjirumry93=9), mvm`kmikj mt gttp<//www.ist-tsi.oa.am/jeo/jequjtjs-èvjstòmt`des/mv`mt`de/93==/M==G3339/m==g3339-n9-m=.msp (kmst maajssjn de 97 Lmeumry 93=>)

=67 ^QI, Mv`mt`de Qmfjty @efdrhmt`de M==G3339-N9-K=< @emnjqumtj Ou`nmeaj fdr FNY Hmètjemeaj (=9Mpr`k 93=9), mvm`kmikj mt gttp<//www.ist-tsi.oa.am/jeo/jequjtjs-èvjstòmt`des/mv`mt`de/93==

/M==G3339/m==g3339-n9-k=.msp=60 Amemn`me Mv`mt`de Yjoukmt`des (AMY), sjat`de ?3:.=9> ‑ ^rmèèo Srdormh, mvm`kmikj mt

gttp<//www.ta.oa.am/a`v`kmv`mt`de/rjosjrv/mffm`rs/amrs/pmrt?/?3:.gth (kmst maajssjn de 97 Lmeumry93=>)

=?3 Adhhjra`mk M`r Qjrvàj Qtmenmrns (AMQQ), sjat`de ?9:.=9>, suisjat`de (10)< Arjw Yjsduraj Hmemojhjet^rmèèo fdr Arjw Hjhijrs (kmst rjv`sjn 93==/36/3=), mvm`kmikj mt gttp<//www.ta.oa.am/jeo/a`v`kmv`mt`de/rjosjrv/amrs/pmrt?-stmenmrns-?9:-9=?1.gth#?9:T=9>T10 (kmst maajssjn de 97 Lmeumry93=>)



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prjsjetjn wms nmtjn men n`n edt eakunj prmatàmk tddks men strmtjo`js. @t wms suoojstjn tgmt tgjadhpmey hmy wmet td mkkdamtj hdrj t`hj td AYH trmèèo men upnmtj tgj adursj adetjet.

>.=.9 F`rst M`r

>.=.9.= Fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr adrrjkmt`de agjab

F`rst M`r adenuatjn me mun`t df `ts FNY adrrjkmt`de agjab prdajnurjs, men prjsjetjn tgj rjsuktstd QI evjstòmtdrs de 37 Njajhijr 93==. @t wms suisjqujetky njtjrhèjn tgmt F`rst M`r wmsadenuatèo tgj nmtm adrrjkmt`de agjab e kèj w`tg tgj AMY. gj ue`njet`f`jn nmtm-nrdp prdikjhwms rjkmtjn td emnjqumtj ou`nmeaj fdr fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr hmètjemeaj ms njsarìjn e QIQmfjty @efdrhmt`de Kjttjr M==G3339-N9-K=.

>.=.9.9 Yjspdesj td tgj 37 Edvjhijr 93== men 96 Mpr`k 93=9 ^rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn ir`jfèos

Fdkkdwèo tgj 37 Edvjhijr 93== QI ir`jfèo, F`rst M`r jetjrjn tgj smfjty ssujs prjsjetjn etd`ts smfjty hmemojhjet systjh f`kj. gj adhpmey jvmkumtjn tgj ssujs men njvjkdpjn m pkme tdmnnrjss tgjh. De 9: Luky 93=9, F`rst M`r adhhueàmtjn `ts adrrjat`vj mat`de td tgj ^QI. De 3=Muoust 93=1, tg`s èfdrhmt`de wms furtgjr upnmtjn td ènàmtj tgj stmtus df mat`des tmbje. ^gdsjmat`des mrj njsarìjn ijkdw.

>.=.9.9.= Qtmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjs

F`rst M`r adhpkjtjn m rjv`jw df I?1?, I?6?, M^Y>9, M^Y?9, men K179 stmenmrn dpjrmtèoprdajnurjs (QDSs) td njet`fy mnmptmt`des df QDSs. Bedwkjnoj men prdajnurmk njfà`jea`jswjrj `njet`f`jn ms mrjms fdr rjv`jw men `hprdvjhjet.

@hhjn`mtj mat`des

^gj fdkkdwèo fkògt dpjrmt`des hjhdrmenm (FDSHs) wjrj `ssujn<

m) FDSH-==-:: wms ssujn td prdv`nj arjws w`tg m adhprjgjes`vj hjssmoj frdh sje`drhmemojhjet adeajreèo fkògt dpjrmt`des men w`tg ir`jfèo èstruat`des fdr tgj ag`jfp`kdts. Mkk fkògt arjw hjhijrs wjrj èn`v`numkky ir`jfjn iy tgj`r rjspjat`vj ag`jf p`kdtstd rj`tjrmtj tgj rjqu`rjhjet men `hpdrtmeaj df fdkkdwèo tgj pdkà`js e tgj fkògtdpjrmt`des hmeumks men stmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjs. g`s hmemojhjet n`rjat`de wmsèst`tutjn td jesurj tgmt mkk arjw hjhijrs uenjrstmen tgj`r rdkjs e hmètmèèo m smfjdpjrmt`de.

i) FDSH-==-3?9 ∙ Jsamkmtèo frdh me Mnv`sdry Ydkj td mbèo Adetrdk (9> Edvjhijr93==) wms ssujn, men tgj njtm`ks df tg`s n`rjat`de wjrj èakunjn e mhjenhjets td tgjfkògt dpjrmt`des hmeumk ms fdkkdws<

• Mey arjw hjhijr ame adhhmen m od-mrduen usèo tgj amkk ‛Od mrduen.‘

• Ar`tjr`m fdr jstmik`sgèo m stmi`k`zjn mpprdmag wjrj jegmeajn.

• ^gj ed-fmukt od-mrduen pdkày wms rjèfdrajn.

• Mftjr rjv`jwèo enustry ijst prmatàj, tgj ‛twd-adhhueàmt`de rukj‘ wmsrjèfdrajn.





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>.=.9.9.1 Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet

^gj arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo wms rjv`jwjn men upnmtjn w`tg hdrj hdnjreadetjet. gj kjeotg df tgj e`t`mk adursj wms èarjmsjn td dej fukk nmy.

>.=.9.9.>

Yjpdrtèo systjh

M rjv`jw df tgj rjpdrtèo systjh men rjqu`rjhjets wms adenuatjn. Ms pmrt df tgj rjv`jw, `twms njet`f`jn tgmt ajrtmè pdkà`js e fdraj hmy gmvj adetrìutjn td rjpdrtèo fmtòuj e k`h`tjnmrjms. Qjvjrmk pdkà`js è pkmaj rjqu`rjn `tjhs tgmt wjrj pmrt df edrhmk dpjrmt`des td ijrjpdrtjn rjoukmrky, suag ms m edrhmk n`vjrs`de nuj td wjmtgjr. O`vje tgj adhpkjx emturj df tgjdpjrmtèo jev`rdehjet, dtgjr `tjhs hmy edt gmvj ijje rjpdrtjn nuj td tgj wdrbkdmn men tgjadhpkjx`ty df tgj pdkày men fdrh usjn. ^gj m`r smfjty rjpdrt gms ijje mhjenjn td rjhdvj tgjrjqu`rjhjets td rjpdrt jxpjatjn edrhmk dpjrmt`des tjhs, njakuttjrèo t td prdv`nj hdrjdppdrtue`ty td njsarìj mey jvjets tgmt rjqu`rj mttjet`de. gj `hpdrtmeaj df deodèo rjpdrtèodf gmzmrns wms èakunjn w`tgè tgj edt`fàmt`de td tgj arjws df tgj m`r smfjty rjpdrt fdrh menpdkày agmeojs. gjsj mat`des wjrj adhpkjtjn e Datdijr 93=9.

Mnn`t`demkky, tgj hmemojr df fkògt smfjty puik`sgjn 9 mrtàkjs e tgj adhpmey ejwskjttjrprdhdtèo rjpdrtèo e mkk mspjats df fkògt dpjrmt`des.

>.=.9.9.: ^rmèèo stmenmrns

M rjv`jw men rjv`s`de df tgj Kèj Agjab S`kdt Adursj wms adhpkjtjn. ^gj m`h df tg`s adursj `std jesurj tgmt mkk trmèèo men agjab pjrsdeejk gmvj m adhhde stmenmrn iy wgàg td vmk`nmtjtgj trmèèo men td jesurj tgmt mkk adhpmey prdajnurjs mrj uenjrstddn men fdkkdwjn. gj f`rstadursj wms njk`vjrjn de 9> Luky 93=9.

>.=.9.9.6 @e`t`mk men rjaurrjet trmèèo

F`rst M`r s adenuatèo m rjv`jw df mkk è`t`mk trmèèo. M rjv`jw df s`hukmtdr trmèèo, kèjèndatrèmt`de, men rjaurrjet trmèèo w`kk fdkkdw. Jmag df tgjsj prdormhs w`kk adetmè jkjhjetstgmt rjèfdraj arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet tjage`qujs.

>.=.9.9.? Hmètjemeaj

Hmètjemeaj Qjrvàjs gms e`t`mtjn m prdormh td njtjrhèj tgj nr`ft rmtj df tgj n`rjat`demk oyrdswg`kj de tgj orduen. @f jxajss`vj nr`ft rmtjs mrj njtjatjn, me jegmeajn hmètjemeaj prdormhw`kk ij put è pkmaj td prdv`nj maajptmikj pjrfdrhmeaj. Adupkjn w`tg tg`s prdormh w`kk ijfjjnimab td fkògt arjws td èarjmsj mwmrjejss df tgj dpjrmt`de df tg`s systjh men df tgj rjpdrts

rjqu`rjn td hmètmè rjk`mi`k`ty.

>.=.9.9.7 Fkògt nmtm hde`tdrèo prdormh

F`rst M`r‐s fkògt nmtm hde`tdrèo (FNH) prdormh gms ijje rjv`jwjn, men me duts`nj adhpmeygms ijje adetrmatjn td prdv`nj mss`stmeaj men ou`nmeaj e njtjatèo QDS mnmptmt`des men dtgjrmrjms rjqu`rèo trmèèo jegmeajhjet. gj hmemojr df tgj prdormh prdnuajs qumrtjrky rjpdrts,wgàg mrj rjv`jwjn mt tgj jxjaut`vj smfjty hmemojhjet hjjtèos de m qumrtjrky ims`s. g`s



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è`t`mt`vj gms prdv`njn nmtm fdr hprdvjhjets e trmèèo men nmy-td-nmy dpjrmt`des fdr mkkm`rarmft typjs è tgj F`rst M`r fkjjt.

>.=.9.1 Hmètjemeaj sgdrtfmkk rjomrnèo m`rwdrtgèjss n`rjat`vjs

Quisjqujet td tgj n`sadvjry tgmt M`rwdrtgèjss N`rjat`vjs MN 933>-=0-=3 men MN 9336-=9-91

gmn edt ijje fukky maadhpk`sgjn, F`rst M`r è`t`mtjn m smfjty hmemojhjet systjh (QHQ)èvjstòmt`de td njtjrhèj wgy tg`s gmn gmppjejn men td vjr`fy wgjtgjr tgj smhj sgdrtfmkk gmndaaurrjn w`tg tgj dtgjr I?1? m`rarmft è `ts fkjjt.

M`rwdrtgèjss N`rjat`vj 933>-=0-=3

^gj adhpmey‐s evjstòmt`de rjvjmkjn tgmt : df tgj rjhmèèo Idjèo ?1? fkjjt m`rarmft wjrj mksddvjrnuj fdr espjat`des df tgj gdr`zdetmk stmi`k`zjr p`vdt gèoj pès rjqu`rjn iy MN 933>-=0-=3.^gj sgdrt-tjrh adrrjat`vj mat`de pkme orduenjn tgj mffjatjn m`rarmft uet`k tgj rjqu`rjnèspjat`des df tgj gdr`zdetmk stmi`k`zjr p`vdt gèoj pès wjrj adhpkjtjn. Ed medhmk`js wjrj`njet`f`jn ms m rjsukt df tgjsj èspjat`des, men tgj m`rarmft wjrj rjturejn td sjrvàj.

^gj adrrjat`vj mat`de pkme hpkjhjetjn tgrduog tgj QHQ eakunjn tgj mrrmeojhjet df mtg`rn-pmrty e-njptg mun`t df mkk m`rwdrtgèjss n`rjat`vjs pjrtmèèo td adhpmey Idjèo ?1?,M^Y (Mv`des nj trmespdrt rào`demk) men Kdabgjjn A-=13 Gjraukjs m`rarmft. ^gj adhpmey gmsarjmtjn m ejw pds`t`de tgmt s pr`hmr`ky rjspdesìkj fdr pjrfdrhèo m sjpmrmtj men enjpjenjetrjv`jw df mkk futurj adhpmey jvmkumt`des df m`rwdrtgèjss n`rjat`vjs. gj adhpmey gms mksdè`t`mtjn njvjkdphjet df m sykkmius fdr hmenmtdry m`rwdrtgèjss n`rjat`vj trmèèo (è`t`mk menrjaurrjet) fdr mkk stmff evdkvjn e tgj jvmkumt`de df m`rwdrtgèjss n`rjat`vjs.

M`rwdrtgèjss N`rjat`vj 9336-=9-91

_gje tgj dpjrmtdr wms mnv`sjn df tgj njfjrrjn frjj pkmy jetjrjn de m njfjrrjn hmètjemeaj`tjh (NH@) amrn, me mun`t df tgj rjadrns df `ts rjhmèèo Idjèo ?1? fkjjt m`rarmft wms`hhjn`mtjky uenjrtmbje. @t wms adef`rhjn tgmt edej df tgjsj m`rarmft wjrj dpjrmtèo w`tg meynjfjrrmks frdh tgj adhpkjt`de df MN 9336-=9-91.

Qgdrt-tjrh adrrjat`vj mat`de wms tmbje td rjhdvj tgj jrrmet sjrvàj hmètjemeaj prdajnurjfrdh tgj hmètjemeaj nmtmimsj men rjv`sj t td rjhdvj tgj eadrrjat njfjrrmk èstruat`des. gjadhpmey gms adhh`ttjn td rjv`jw mkk sjrvàj hmètjemeaj prdajnurjs fdr ts fkjjt nurèo`hpkjhjetmt`de df tgj ejwky maqu`rjn YMW sdftwmrj.

>.=.9.> Jhjrojeay kdamtdr trmesh`ttjr

Zpde edt`fàmt`de frdh tgj QI tgmt tgj jhjrojeay kdamtdr trmesh`ttjr (JK^) estmkkjn deA-OE_E gmn edt ijje mrhjn, F`rst M`r e`t`mtjn me QHQ evjstòmt`de. Me hhjn`mtj fkjjt-w`nj espjat`de adef`rhjn tgmt mkk df tgj rjhmèèo I?1? m`rarmft gmn fueat`deèo JK^s.

^gj QHQ èvjstòmt`de njtjrhèjn tgj fdkkdwèo<







- =:6 -

Mkk df tgj mpprdmag agmrts w`kk ij rjv`jwjn men upnmtjn usèo tgjsj tddks frdh Lmeumrytgrduog Muoust 93=1.

• ^gj hmoejtà vmr`mt`de mt APYI men mkk dtgjr edrtgjre s`tjs gms ijje upnmtjn. EMVAMEMNM s agmeoèo frdh m nmtj-nr`vje upnmtj systjh td m systjh tgmt s tròojrjn iym hmoejtà vmr`mt`de tdkjrmeaj vmkuj.

>.9 Qmfjty mat`de rjqu`rjn

>.9.= Zestmikj mpprdmagjs

@e tg`s maa`njet, tgj m`rarmft mrr`vjn gòg men fmst de fèmk mpprdmag, wms edt adefòurjn fdrkmenèo de m t`hjky ims`s, gmn edt etjrajptjn tgj kdamk`zjr men wms n`vjroèo td tgj rògt. g`smpprdmag wms edt ades`njrjn stmi`k`zjn e maadrnmeaj w`tg tgj adhpmey‐s stmi`k`zjn mpprdmagar`tjr`m, men tgj s`tumt`de rjqu`rjn m od-mrduen. @estjmn, tgj mpprdmag wms adetèujn. _gje tgjarjw e`t`mtjn m od-mrduen, t wms tdd kmtj td mvd`n tgj hpmat w`tg tjrrmè. Zestmikj mpprdmagjsadetèuj td ij m gòg r`sb td smfj fkògt dpjrmt`des è Amemnm men wdrknw`nj.

Fkògt Qmfjty Fduenmt`de rjsjmrag adeakunjn =?9 tgmt 1.:% td >% df mpprdmagjs mrj uestmikj. Dftgjsj, 0?% mrj adetèujn td m kmenèo, w`tg deky 1% rjsuktèo e m od-mrduen. d put tgjsjfòurjs e adetjxt, tgjrj wjrj, e 93=9, 9>.> h`kk`de fkògts wdrknw`nj e m fkjjt df a`v`k`me,adhhjra`mk, wjstjre-iu`kt ljt m`rpkmejs gjmv`jr tgme 63 333 pduens. g`s hjmes tgmt ijtwjje7:> 333 men 0?6 333 df tgdsj fkògts tjrhèmtjn w`tg me uestmikj mpprdmag, men mpprdx`hmtjky797 333 td 0>: 333 adetèujn td m kmenèo. ^gj pdtjet`mk ejomt`vj adesjqujeajs df adetèuèo meuestmikj mpprdmag td m kmenèo eakunj adetrdkkjn fkògt etd tjrrmè (AF@^), ruewmy dvjrrues,kmenèo sgdrt df tgj ruewmy, men tm`k-str`bj maa`njets.

Daaurrjeajs e wgàg me uestmikj mpprdmag wms m adetrìutèo fmatdr njhdestrmtj tgmt tgjsjvjr`ty ame rmeoj frdh ed èlur`js dr nmhmoj td hukt`pkj fmtmk`t`js men m`rarmft njstruat`de. @eYjsdkutj Imy, tgj adetèumt`de df me uestmikj mpprdmag kjn td m AF@^ maa`njet men tgj kdss df =9k`vjs. _`tgdut hprdvjhjets e stmikj mpprdmag pdkày adhpk`meaj, hdst uestmikj mpprdmagjsw`kk adetèuj td m kmenèo, èarjmsèo tgj r`sb df AF@^ men mpprdmag men kmenèo maa`njets.

@e tg`s evjstòmt`de, tgj Idmrn jxmhèjn e njtm`k tgj njfjeajs mvm`kmikj td m`r amrr`jrs tdh`tòmtj tgj r`sbs mssda`mtjn w`tg uestmikj mpprdmagjs men tgj`r adesjqujeajs. gjsj hmèkymnhè`strmt`vj njfjeajs eakunj<

• M adhpmey stmi`k`zjn-mpprdmag pdkày, èakunèo ed-fmukt od-mrduen pdkày2

• Dpjrmt`demk`zjn stmikj mpprdmag ar`tjr`m men stmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjs (QDSs),èakunèo arjw pgrmsjdkdoy2

• Jffjat`vj arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet (AYH), eakunèo jhpdwjrèo df f`rst dffàjrs tdtmbj adetrdk e me uesmfj s`tumt`de2

• Zsj df fkògt nmtm hde`tdrèo (FNH) prdormhs td hde`tdr QDS adhpk`meaj w`tgstmi`k`zjn mpprdmag ar`tjr`m2

=?9 Fkògt Qmfjty Fduenmt`de, ‛Fm`kurj td H`tòmtj,‘ MjrdQmfjty _drkn (Fjirumry 93=1)



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• Zsj df kèj-dr`jetjn smfjty mun`ts (KDQM) dr dtgjr hjmes, suag ms prdfà`jeay men kèjagjabs, td mssjss AYH prmatàjs men njet`fy arjw mnmptmt`des df QDSs2

• Ede-pue`t`vj rjpdrtèo systjhs (td rjpdrt daaurrjeajs dr uesmfj prmatàjs)2

• Zsj df tjrrmè mwmrjejss men wmreèo systjhs (^M_Q).

_g`kj F`rst M`r gmn sdhj df tgjsj njfjeajs e pkmaj, eakunèo m stmi`k`zjn mpprdmag pdkày menar`tjr`m, m ed-fmukt od-mrduen pdkày, smfjty hmemojhjet systjh (QHQ) gmzmrn men daaurrjeajrjpdrtèo, tgj twd-adhhueàmt`de rukj men me dknjr-ojejrmt`de orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèosystjh (OS_Q), tgjsj njfjeajs wjrj edt rdiust jeduog td prjvjet tgj adetèumt`de df tgjuestmikj mpprdmag dr adkk`s`de w`tg tjrrmè. Dtgjr QI evjstòmt`des gmvj sgdwe tgmt ede-mngjrjeaj td adhpmey QDSs rjkmtjn td stmi`k`zjn mpprdmagjs s edt ue`quj td F`rst M`r.

@e mnn`t`de, tgj usj df ejwjr-ojejrmt`de M_Q w`tg fdrwmrn-kddbèo tjrrmè mvd`nmeajfjmturjs w`kk jegmeaj m fkògt arjw‐s s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss men prdv`nj earjmsjn t`hj fdr arjwrjmat`de. Gdwjvjr, f tgj r`sb è tgj systjh s td ij rjnuajn sòe`fàmetky, tgj enustry hust tmbjdtgjr stjps men edt rjky de purjky tjagedkdoàmk sdkut`des.

^gj f`rst stjp `s fdr dpjrmtdrs td gmvj prmatàmk men jxpkà`t pdkà`js, ar`tjr`m, men QDSs fdrstmi`k`zjn mpprdmag tgmt mrj jesgrèjn e tgj adhpmey dpjrmtèo aukturj.

^gj sjaden stjp s fdr adhpme`js td gmvj adetjhpdrmry e`t`mk men rjaurrjet AYH trmèèoprdormhs njk`vjrjn iy qumk`f`jn trmèjrs men td hde`tdr men rjèfdraj jffjat`vj AYH sb`kks enmy-td-nmy fkògt dpjrmt`des. Jffjat`vj AYH s m njfjeaj momèst r`sbs prjsjet e mkk pgmsjs dffkògt, èakunèo uestmikj mpprdmagjs.

^gj tg`rn stjp èvdkvjs hde`tdrèo df QDS adhpk`meaj tgrduog prdormhs suag ms fkògt nmtmhde`tdrèo (FNH) men kèj-dr`jetjn smfjty mun`ts (KDQM). @e Amemnm, A rjqu`rjs kmroj

adhhjra`mk amrr`jrs td gmvj QHQ, adabp`t vdàj rjadrnjrs (AVYs), men fkògt nmtm rjadrnjrs(FNYs). Gdwjvjr, tgjsj amrr`jrs mrj edt rjqu`rjn td gmvj me FNH prdormh. Jvje sd, hmey dftgjsj dpjrmtdrs rdutèjky ndwekdmn tgj`r fkògt nmtm td adenuat FNH df edrhmk dpjrmt`des. M`ramrr`jrs w`tg fkògt nmtm hde`tdrèo prdormhs gmvj usjn fkògt nmtm td `njet`fy prdikjhs suag msuestmi`k`zjn mpprdmagjs men rusgjn mpprdmagjs, jxajjnmeaj df fkmp k`h`t spjjns, jxajss`vjimeb meokjs mftjr tmbj-dff, jeoèj dvjr-tjhpjrmturj jvjets, jxajjnmeaj df rjadhhjenjn spjjntgrjsgdkns, OS_Q/^M_Q wmreèos, desjt df stmkk aden`t`des, jxajss`vj rmtjs df rdtmt`de, ok`njpmtg jxaurs`des, men vjrtàmk maajkjrmt`de.

FNH gms ijje hpkjhjetjn e hmey aduetr`js, men t `s w`njky rjadoe`zjn ms m adst-jffjat`vjtddk fdr hprdvèo smfjty. @e tgj Ze`tjn Qtmtjs men Jurdpj„tgmebs td @AMD„hmey amrr`jrsgmvj gmn tgj prdormh fdr yjmrs. Qdhj gjkàdptjr dpjrmtdrs gmvj `t mkrjmny, men tgj FjnjrmkMv`mt`de Mnhè`strmt`de (FMM) gms rjadhhjenjn t.

_drknw`nj, FNH gms prdvje td ijejf`t smfjty iy o`vèo dpjrmtdrs tgj tddks td kddb amrjfukky mtèn`v`numk fkògts men, ukt`hmtjky, mt tgj dpjrmt`de df tgj`r fkjjts dvjr t`hj. g`s rjv`jw dfdiljat`vj nmtm, jspja`mkky ms me ètjormk men ede-pue`t`vj adhpdejet df m adhpmey smfjtyhmemojhjet systjh, gms prdvje ijejfà`mk e prdmat`vj njet`fàmt`de men adrrjat`de df smfjtynjfà`jea`js men e prjvjet`de df maa`njets.



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Aurrjet njfjeajs momèst adetèuèo uestmikj mpprdmagjs gmvj prdvje kjss tgme mnjqumtj. @eAmemnm, wg`kj hmey AMY ?3: dpjrmtdrs gmvj vdkuetmr`ky hpkjhjetjn FNH prdormhs, tgjrj sed rjqu`rjhjet td nd sd. F`rst M`r wms edt adenuatèo FNH mt tgj t`hj df tg`s maa`njet.Furtgjrhdrj, FNH prdormhs hust spja`fàmkky kddb mt wgy uestmikj mpprdmagjs mrj daaurrèo,gdw arjws gmenkj tgjh, wgjtgjr dr edt arjws adhpky w`tg adhpmey stmi`k`zjn-mpprdmagar`tjr`m men prdajnurjs, men wgy arjws adetèuj me uestmikj mpprdmag td m kmenèo. Zekjss

furtgjr mat`de s tmbje td rjnuaj tgj ea`njeaj df uestmikj mpprdmagjs tgmt adetèuj td m kmenèo,tgj r`sb df mpprdmag men kmenèo maa`njets w`kk pjrs`st.

^gjrjfdrj, tgj Idmrn rjadhhjens (M=>-3=) tgmt<

^rmespdrt Amemnm rjqu`rj AMYs Quipmrt ?3: dpjrmtdrs td hde`tdr men rjnuajtgj èa`njeaj df uestmikj mpprdmagjs tgmt adetèuj td m kmenèo.

>.1 Qmfjty adeajre

>.1.= Arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet trmèèo stmenmrns

@e tg`s maa`njet, tgj arjw ijamhj tmsb-smturmtjn nurèo tgj fèmk mpprdmag, men n`n edthmètmè m sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss. Ms tgj uestmikj mpprdmag adetèujn, tgj arjw‐s AYHwms ejffjat`vj. gj f`rst dffàjr hmnj hmey mttjhpts td adhhueàmtj g`s adeajres men suoojstm od-mrduen. @e tgj misjeaj df akjmr pdkà`js dr prdajnurjs mkkdwèo m f`rst dffàjr td tmbjadetrdk, tg`s f`rst dffàjr k`bjky fjkt ègì`tjn frdh ndèo sd.

F`rst M`r‐s AYH trmèèo prdormh gmn ijje mpprdvjn iy A e maadrnmeaj w`tg tgj jx`stèoAYH trmèèo stmenmrn. Gdwjvjr, fdkkdwèo tgj maa`njet, QI evjstòmtdrs mttjenjn m F`rst M`rè`t`mk AYH trmèèo adursj men njet`f`jn tgmt tgj matumk trmèèo njk`vjrjn n`n edt adetmè mkkdf tgj suiljats dutkèjn e AMQQ ?9:.=9>(10). gj AYH trmèèo hmtjr`mk wms njk`vjrjn e mpjr`dn df sjvjrmk gdurs df dej nmy, mkdeo w`tg dtgjr suiljats. ^gj A ou`nmeaj hmtjr`mk dewgàg F`rst M`r‐s AYH trmèèo wms imsjn wms ètjenjn td ij njk`vjrjn è 9 nmys. Ej`tgjr df tgjadhpmey‐s pr`hmry AYH estruatdrs gmn rjaj`vjn mey fdrhmk fma`k`tmtdr/èstruatdr trmèèo drmaarjn`tmt`de e tjmagèo AYH.

F`rst M`r‐s e`t`mk men rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo n`n edt prdv`nj tgj arjw df FMI6:63 w`tgsuffà`jet prmatàmk strmtjo`js td mss`st w`tg nja`s`de hmbèo men prdikjh sdkvèo,adhhueàmt`de, men wdrbkdmn hmemojhjet. ^g`s èvjstòmt`de fduen tgmt `f è`t`mk AYHtrmèèo ndjs edt njvjkdp jffjat`vj AYH sb`kks, men f tgjrj s emnjqumtj rjèfdrajhjet df tgjsjsb`kks nurèo rjaurrjet trmèèo, fkògt arjws hmy edt mnjqumtjky hmemoj r`sb de tgj fkògt njab.Furtgjrhdrj, f dpjrmtdrs nd edt tmbj stjps td jesurj tgmt fkògt arjws rdutèjky mppky jffjat`vjAYH prmatàjs nurèo fkògt dpjrmt`des, r`sb td mv`mt`de smfjty w`kk pjrs`st.

^gj evjstòmt`de mksd njet`f`jn m euhijr df arjw mnmptmt`des df adhpmey QDSs jv`njet edtdeky mhdeo tgj maa`njet arjw, iut mksd w`tgè tgj Pjkkdwbe`fj I?1? arjw imsj, men wgàg F`rstM`r‐s supjrv`sdry mat`v`t`js gmn edt njtjatjn. QDS mnmptmt`des de FMI6:63 rjsuktjn èèjffjat`vj arjw adhhueàmt`de, jsamkmtjn wdrbkdmn kjmnèo td tmsb smturmt`de, men irjmbndweè sgmrjn s`tumt`demk mwmrjejss.



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Nurèo jvjry fkògt, p`kdts hust suaajssfukky etjrmat w`tg jmag dtgjr, tgj`r m`rarmft, men tgj`rjev`rdehjet, usèo mssda`mtjn agjabk`sts men adhpmey QDSs td jffjat`vjky hmemoj tgrjmts,jrrdrs, dr uenjs`rjn m`rarmft stmtjs tgmt hmy ij jeaduetjrjn. g`s odmk s maadhpk`sgjn iytrmèèo fkògt arjws td jhpkdy m vmr`jty df strmtjo`js td gjkp hprdvj jffjat`vjejss. AYH s mnjfjeaj momèst r`sbs prjsjet e mkk pgmsjs df fkògt, eakunèo uestmikj mpprdmagjs. Qdhj p`kdtshmy edt mnjqumtjky hmemoj dpjrmt`demk r`sb ms m rjsukt df èjffjat`vj AYH sb`kks.

^gjrj mrj m vmr`jty df AYH stmenmrns men rjoukmt`des e pkmaj tgrduogdut tgj wdrkn. Njsp`tjtgjsj n`ffjrjeajs, tgjrj s m ojejrmk adesjesus e tgj mv`mt`de adhhue`ty tgmt AYH prdormhssgdukn ades`st df 1 n`stèat pgmsjs. gj f`rst pgmsj s endatrèmt`de men mwmrjejss trmèèo. gjsjaden pgmsj s prmatàj, fjjnimab, men rjaurrjet trmèèo. @e rjajet yjmrs, tgjrj gms ijjeèarjmsjn rjadoe`t`de tgmt AYH trmèèo wdukn ij hdrj jffjat`vj f `t wms etjormtjn w`tgtjageàmk trmèèo frdh tgj jmrk`jst stmojs df tgj m`rarjw trmèèo rjo`hj. AYH trmèèoprdormhs tgmt eakunj rjaurrjet trmèèo men tgj matumk prmatàj df AYH strmtjo`js gmvj ijjesgdwe td prdnuaj sòe`fàmet agmeojs e fkògt arjw pjrfdrhmeaj nurèo kèj-dr`jetjn fkògttrmèèo sjss`des men nurèo fkògts. ^gj tg`rn pgmsj `s adetèuèo rjèfdrajhjet. Me jffjat`vjhjtgdn df adetèumk rjèfdrajhjet s td jhijn ar`tàmk AYH sb`kks men ijgmv`durs w`tgè

adhpmey QDSs td hmbj AYH me ètjormk pmrt df mkk trmèèo men dpjrmt`des. @e suhhmry, tgjmaqu`s`t`de men hmètjemeaj df jffjat`vj AYH sb`kks njpjens de rjaj`vèo adetjhpdrmry e`t`mkmen rjaurrjet AYH trmèèo njk`vjrjn iy su`tmiky qumk`f`jn trmèjrs, men deodèo pjrfdrhmeajhde`tdrèo men rjèfdrajhjet nurèo rdutèj fkògt dpjrmt`des.

^gj QI gms prjv`dusky rjkjmsjn m rjadhhjenmt`de (M30-39) men ssujn Fènèos ms td Y`sb =?1 rjkmtjn td tgj prdv`s`de df AYH trmèèo td Smrt V@@ adhhjra`mk dpjrmtdrs, AYH trmèèostmenmrns, men estruatdr qumk`fàmt`des. @e Amemnm, tgj aurrjet AYH trmèèo stmenmrn ndjs edtèadrpdrmtj tgj hdrj hdnjre adeajpts df tgrjmt men jrrdr hmemojhjet. ^gjrj mrj edjxpjr`jeaj, trmèèo, dr qumk`fàmt`de rjqu`rjhjets ejjnjn td tjmag AYH. @e adetrmst, tgj Ze`tjnBèondh A`v`k Mv`mt`de Mutgdr`ty (AMM) gms jstmik`sgjn m sjr`js df strèojet maarjn`tmt`de

rjqu`rjhjets fdr AYH estruatdrs men èstruatdr jxmhèjrs.

Njsp`tj tgj fmat tgmt tgj AYH rjoukmt`des e Amemnm gmvj edt ijje upnmtjn td rjfkjat hdnjreAYH adeajpts, sdhj df tgjsj adeajpts gmvj mkrjmny ijje etjormtjn etd dtgjr A-kjnprdormhs. Fdr jxmhpkj, tgj Mnvmeajn ]umk`fàmt`de Srdormh, tgj Mpprdvjn Agjab S`kdtprdormh, men tgj Hukt`-Arjw S`kdt Kàjeaj pkmaj ades`njrmikj jhpgms`s de tgrjmt-men-jrrdrhmemojhjet adeajpts men strmtjo`js. @e mnn`t`de, jmag df tgjsj prdormhs mksd gògkògts tgj`hpdrtmeaj df ijèo mikj td jvmkumtj tgjsj sb`kks ms pmrt df m prdfà`jeay-imsjn trmèèo prdormh.

Â gms è`t`mtjn sdhj mnn`t`demk h`tòmt`de hjmsurjs. M fdaus ordup ades`stèo df Â menènustry rjprjsjetmt`vjs hjt e Lmeumry 93=9 men suih`ttjn m fèmk rjpdrt e Fjirumry 93=9. gjrjpdrt prdpdsjn adhpdejets df m adetjhpdrmry AYH trmèèo stmenmrn fdr Smrt V@@ adhhjra`mkdpjrmtdrs iut rjadhhjenjn momèst m sjt t`hj fdr AYH adursj nurmt`de men mey fdrhmkmaarjn`tmt`de fdr AYH estruatdrs. gj A`v`k Mv`mt`de Yjoukmtdry Adhh`ttjj (AMYA) maajptjntgj A fdaus ordup rjadhhjenmt`des (sjj sjat`de =.=?.?.1), men de 9> Mpr`k 93=9, n`rjatjn tgmt m

=?1 ^QI Mv`mt`de @evjstòmt`de Yjpdrt M30M33=6



- =63 -

adetjhpdrmry AYH trmèèo rjoukmt`de men stmenmrn sgdukn ij njvjkdpjn fdr AMY Quipmrts?39, ?31, ?3>, men ?3:.

@t s edt yjt bedwe gdw njtm`kjn A‐s ejw trmèèo stmenmrn men ou`nmeaj hmtjr`mk w`kk ijadhpmrjn td tgj jx`stèo stmenmrn, dr wgje tgj ejw stmenmrn w`kk adhj ètd jffjat. Edr `s `tbedwe gdw A w`kk jesurj tgmt dpjrmtdrs mppky tgj ejw trmèèo stmenmrn td jesurj tgmt fkògt

arjws maqu`rj men hmètmè jffjat`vj AYH sb`kks.

^gjrjfdrj, tgj Idmrn s adeajrejn tgmt, w`tgdut m adhprjgjes`vj men etjormtjn mpprdmag tdAYH iy A men mv`mt`de dpjrmtdrs, fkògt arjws hmy edt rdutèjky prmat`sj jffjat`vj AYH.

^g`s rjpdrt adeakunjs tgj ^rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn‐s èvjstòmt`de ètd tg`s daaurrjeaj. ^gj Idmrnmutgdr`zjn tgj rjkjmsj df tg`s rjpdrt de 3: Hmrag 93=>.

V`s`t tgj ^rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn‐s wjis`tj (www.ist-tsi.oa.am) fdr èfdrhmt`de midut tgj^rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn men `ts prdnuats men sjrvàjs. Pdu w`kk mksd fèn tgj _mtagk`st, wgàg

`njet`f`js tgj trmespdrtmt`de smfjty `ssujs tgmt pdsj tgj orjmtjst r`sb td Amemn`mes. @e jmag amsj, tgj ^QIgms fduen tgmt mat`des tmbje td nmtj mrj èmnjqumtj, men tgmt ènustry men rjoukmtdrs ejjn td tmbjmnn`t`demk adearjtj hjmsurjs td jk`hèmtj tgj r`sbs.

http://www.bst-tsb.gc.ca/

http://www.bst-tsb.gc.ca/



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Mppjenàjs

Mppjen`x M ‑ FMI6:63 sjqujeaj df jvjets

(Skjmsj rjfjr td Mppjen`x W ‑ K`st df mardeyhs men miirjv`mt`des.)

ZÂ Jvjet

=1::<:1 EMV AMEMNM MÂ `ssujs tgj fdkkdwèo @FY akjmrmeaj td FMI6:63< Akjmrjn td APYI

v`m tgj AP\F Q@N = njpmrturj, fkògt pkmeejn rdutj, squmwb >69:.

=>>3 FMI6:63 njpmrts frdh AP\F.

=>:3 FMI6:63 jetjrs Edrtgjre Ndhjstà M`rspmaj mpprdx`hmtjky mt Y@IZE.

=>:: FMI6:63 fkògt arjw rjaj`vjs APYI =>:3 QSJA@ frdh adhpmey n`spmtagjr.

=>:6<:= FMI6:63 kjvjks mt FK1=3.

=>:7<:? Ijoèeèo df vmk`n nmtm de FNY

=:=3 FMI6:63 fkògt arjw rjaj`vjs APYI =:33 HJ^MY frdh adhpmey n`spmtagjr.

=:== Ldèt fkògt arjw men n`spmtagjr nja`s`de fdr fkògt td prdajjn td APYI

=:>7<9: FMI6:63 tures kjft frdh AI td ?9³ E, =33³>:' _.

=630<93 FMI6:63 fkògt arjw rjaj`vjs APYI =633 HJ^MY.

=6=3<>1 Ijoèeèo df AVY rjadrnèo

=6=><:0 td=6=6<9>

S`kdts n`sauss kdmnèo APYI YEMV 1:^ mpprdmag ètd OSQ fkògt pkmes, sjkjatèoJQ^MS è`t`mk mpprdmag f`x, men fkyèo n`rjat td HZQM^ wmypdèt.

=6=:<9> Amptmè njsarìjs g`s pkme td trmes`t`de detd tgj kdamk`zjr usèo YEMV men tgje sw`tagdvjr td @KQ.

=6=:<9? FD adeaurs w`tg amptmè‐s pkme.

=6=6<>: S`kdts sjkjat n`rjat td HZQM^ de OSQ2 FMI6:63 tures rògt td fky n`rjat td HZQM^.

=6=?<37 AVY ijoès td rjadrn @YI NHJ Hdrsj adnj `njets, rjpjmtjn jvjry 19.1 sjadens.

=6=?<== Amptmè adenuats mpprdmag ir`jfèo.

=6=?<>= FD hmbjs adhhjet midut gòg orduen spjjn.

=6=?<>> Amptmè stmtjs gj pkmes td adhhjeaj njsajet =3: h`kjs frdh APYI.

=6=7<>3 FD amkks APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk2 ndjs edt rjaj`vj m rjspdesj.

=699<=6 FD amkks tgj EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA, rjqujsts njsajet akjmrmeaj, ndjs edtrjaj`vj m rjspdesj.

=699<>? FD amkks tgj EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA, stmtjs rmn`d frjqujeay usjn, ndjs edtrjaj`vj m rjspdesj.

=691<=9 FD amkks tgj EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA, stmtjs rmn`d frjqujeay usjn.



- =69 -

=691<=? EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA rjspdens, estruats FMI6:63 td mnv`sj wgjerjqujstèo njsajet.

=691<9= FD mnv`sjs tgj EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA tgmt FMI6:63 rjqujstèo njsajet.

=691<90 EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA akjmrs FMI6:63 td njsajen dut df adetrdkkjn gòg-kjvjkm`rspmaj è vàè`ty df APYI, èstruats arjw td rjpdrt tgrduog FK9?3.

=691<>3 Amptmè adhhjeajs njsajet frdh FK1=3.

=691<>= FD rjmns imab njsajet akjmrmeaj men mabedwkjnojs estruat`de td rjpdrt tgrduog FK9?3.

=691<:= EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA mnv`sjs FMI6:63 df h`k`tmry mat`v`ty e tgj mrjm mentgmt tgjy ame metà`pmtj sw`tagèo td APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk mftjr kjmvèo FK9?3.

=69><39 FD mabedwkjnojs mnv`sdry, stmtjs frjqujeay fdr APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk.

=69><== EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA adef`rhs tgmt frjqujeay fdr APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk `sadrrjat, mnv`sjs FMI6:63 tgmt APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk `s adetrdkkèo m`rspmaj FK933 menijkdw, men tgmt m`rspmaj ijtwjje FK9?3 men FK933 `s ueadetrdkkjn.

=69><9? Amptmè amkks fdr prj-njsajet agjab.

=69><1= FD hmbjs 9 amiè ag`hjs.

=69><19 FD adhhjeajs prj-njsajet agjab.

=69> <1? Amptmè ir`jfs iuos sjt fdr VYJF =19 bedts fdr fkmps >3.

=69><10 FD ir`jfs iuos sjt fdr VYJF =19 fdr fkmps >3, amkks adhpmss agmkkjeoj frdh agjabk`st.

=69><>9 Amptmè rjspdens td adhpmss agmkkjeoj w`tg ‛Qyea hmo ardss-agjab.‘

=69><>1 FD pdèts dut amptmè stmtjn ‛hmo‘.

=69><>1 Amptmè rjspdens w`tg ‛Qyea NO ardss-agjab,‘ stmtjs tgmt gj `s ndèo m agjab mensgdws ‛twjety eèj truj‘.

=69:<3= Amptmè qujr`js FD ms td g`s rjmnèo.

=69:<3> FD rjspdens w`tg ‛\jrd tgrjj zjrd.‘

=69:<3? Ed. 9 adhpmss mnlustjn.

=69:<=1 FD stmtjs ‛Qyea NO ardss-agjabjn.‘

=69:<=> FD amkks prj-njsajet adhpkjtj.

=696<31 FD amkks EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA, rjpdrts tgrduog FK963.

=696<== EMV AMEMNM Jnhdetde MAA mabedwkjnojs, estruats FMI6:63 td adetmat APYIh`k`tmry tjrhèmk.

=696<9? FD hmbjs è`t`mk amkk td APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk.

=696<>9 APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk rjspdens td amkk, rjqujsts tgmt m`rarmft amkkèo rjpjmttrmesh`ss`de.

=696<>6 FD rjpjmts amkk td APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk.

=69?<3= APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk rjspdens.



- =61 -

=69?<30 FD amkks APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk, mnv`sjs tgmt rjajpt`de pddr men tgjy w`kk amkk akdsjr tdAPYI. Srdv`njs APYI J^M =6>1 men mnv`sjs pkmeeèo Yuewmy 1:.

=69?<1: APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk mabedwkjnojs trmesh`ss`de, èstruats FMI6:63 td try momè è mfjw h`kjs wgje adhhueàmt`de w`kk ij ijttjr.

=697<>1 Amptmè mnv`sjs FD tgmt tgjy mrj njsajenèo tgrduog FK933.

=697<>0 Amptmè stmtjs mkt`hjtjr sjttèo 90.7=.

=690<9= FD mnv`sjs APYI adhpmey imsj tgmt tgj`r J^M fdr tgj rmhp `s =6>: men tgmt tgjy w`kkejjn fujk.

=690<>0 FD amkks APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk.

=690<:? APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk rjspdens.

=613<39 FD qujr`js APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk ms td wgjtgjr tgjy rjaj`vjn FMI6:63 J^M menpkmeejn ruewmy.

=613<30 APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk mnv`sjs FMI6:63 tgmt tgjy rjaj`vjn tgj prjv`dus efdrhmt`demen tgmt h`k`tmry tjrhèmk adetrdk ue`t `s edt dpjrmt`demk men prdv`nèo deky akjmrmeaj

njk`vjry.

=613<== APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk prdv`njs trmffà èfdrhmt`de midut m sjaden fkògt :3 h`kjssdutgjmst df APYI mt =3 333 fjjt èiduen td APYI.

=613<=: APYI h`k`tmry tjrhèmk èstruats FMI6:63 td adetmat APYI h`k`tmry tdwjr.

=613<1= FD mabedwkjnojs trmffà men èstruat`de td adetmat APYI h`k`tmry tdwjr.

=613<:3 FD amkks APYI h`k`tmry tdwjr.

=613<:6 APYI h`k`tmry tdwjr rjspdens, prdv`njs mkt`hjtjr sjttèo 90.7=.

=61=<>: APYI h`k`tmry tdwjr èstruats FMI6:63 td rjpdrt fèmk fdr Yuewmy 1:^, mnv`sjs wèn

jst`hmtjn =63³ mt =3 bedts.

=61=<:1 FD rjqujsts APYI ruewmy aden`t`de rjpdrt frdh APYI h`k`tmry tdwjr.

=619<3= APYI h`k`tmry tdwjr mnv`sjs FMI6:63 tgmt tgj ruewmy `s m k`ttkj wjt, men ed dtgjrm`rarmft gmvj usjn `t nurèo tgj hdreèo.

=619<3? FD mabedwkjnojs ruewmy aden`t`de rjpdrt.

=619<1: FMI6:63 njsajens tgrduog =3 333 fjjt.

=619<>6 Amptmè amkks fdr è-rmeoj agjab.

=619<>7 FD vjrimk`zjs< sjmtijkt sòes de, met`-àj de, ormvjk prdtjat de, m`r aden`t`deèo men

prjssur`zmt`de sjt fdr kmenèo. =611<30 Amptmè èstruats FD td gdkn tgj rjhmèèo tjhs de tgj agjabk`st.

=611<=> Dej df tgj p`kdts amkks tgrduog =3 333 fjjt.

=616<91 Amptmè èstruats FD td adetèuj è-rmeoj agjab ijkdw tgj kèj.

=616<11 FD amkks EMV èstruhjets.

=616<1: Amptmè rjspdens ‛VGF EMV.‘





- =6: -

=610<:9 Mkt`tunj mkjrtjr tdej mt =0:3 fjjt msk

=610<:? FD stmtjs tgjy mrj edt de mutd mpprdmag, lust de tgj fkògt n`rjatdr.

=6>3<3> ^grust ijoès td èarjmsj frdh `nkj td =.> JSY.

=6>3<3? FD qujr`js amptmè td adef`rh fukk njfkjat`de.

=6>3<37 Amptmè adeaurs, men qujst`des wgy fukk njfkjat`de wgje tgjy mrj de tgj kdamk`zjr.

=6>3<== FD stmtjs tgjy mrj edt de tgj kdamk`zjr.

=6>3<=> Amptmè stmtjs ‛@t‐s ampturjn2 tje tgrjj `s tgj kdamk`zjr4‘

=6>3<=? FD n`smorjjs de kdamk`zjr ampturj men rjhèns amptmè midut tgj g`kk td tgj rògt df tgjruewmy.

=6>3<91 FD stmtjs OSQ `s mksd sgdwèo td tgj rògt.

=6>3<9: FD qujst`des amptmè ms td wgjtgjr tgjy n`n sdhjtgèo wrdeo.

=6>3<13 FD stmtjs dpè`de tgmt tgjy sgdukn mimende tgj mpprdmag men tgje sdkvj tgj

emvòmt`demk prdikjh.

=6>3<11 Amptmè ènàmtjs tgmt gj pkmes td adetèuj tgj mpprdmag.

=6>3<1: FD mabedwkjnojs amptmè‐s pkme td adetèuj tgj mpprdmag.

=6>3<16 FMI6:63 njsajens tgrduog =333 fjjt midvj f`jkn jkjvmt`de. Qtmi`k`zjn mpprdmag ar`tjr`mijadhj mppkàmikj.

=6>3<>= FD stmtjs, ‛_j‐rj 1 h`kj fèmk2 wj‐rj edt adefòojn.‘

=6>3<>: Amptmè amkks fdr fkmps 9:.

=6>3<>0 FD rjpdrts fukk njfkjat`de de tgj OSQ tdd.

=6>3<:9 FD rjadhhjens adrrjat`vj mat`de„od kjft. =6>3<:> Amptmè ènàmtjs tgmt gj ame‐t od kjft.

=6>3<:: BIM030 jetjrs APYI Akmss N adetrdk zdej frdh sdutgjmst.

=6>3<:6 FD ijoès td hmbj mnv`sdry stmtjhjet rjomrnèo trmab.

=6>3<:? Amptmè ètjrrupts FD stmtjhjet iy amkkèo fdr fkmps 13.

=6>3<:0 td=6>=<37.1

Amptmè men FD n`sauss adefòurmt`de men n`spkmys df fkògt n`rjatdr, OSQ, menmutdp`kdt.

=6>=<3: ^grust ijoès td èarjmsj frdh midut =.37 JSY td =.>? JSY.

=6>=<37.1 FD stmtjs ‛Qd kjt‐s lust …‘ =6>=<37.? Amptmè ètjrrupts FD stmtjhjet iy amkkèo fdr fkmps >3.

=6>=<=3.= FD amkks orjje kògt, ojmr ndwe, 1 orjje.

=6>=<==.9 Amptmè amkks fkmps >3, orjje kògt.

=6>=<=6.1 Amptmè hmbjs stmtjhjet ènàmtèo s`h`kmr s`tumt`de gmppjejn td medtgjr p`kdtprjv`dusky.



- =66 -

=6>=<=7 S`tag ijoès td njarjmsj frdh +9³ td ∙>.7³.

=6>=<96.1 Amptmè hmbjs stmtjhjet rjomrnèo prjsjeaj df tgj ok`njskdpj enàmtdr.

=6>=<97.1 FD stmtjs ok`njskdpj s fukky njfkjatjn.

=6>=<13.7 FD mnv`sjs APYI h`k`tmry tdwjr tgmt FMI6:63 `s 1 fèmk.

=6>=<11.= APYI h`k`tmry tdwjr mnv`sjs tgmt wèn `s jst`hmtjn =:3³ mt ? bedts, akjmrs FMI6:63 tdkmen Yuewmy 1:^.

=6>=<10.> FD hmbjs èadhpkjtj trmesh`ss`de td APYI h`k`tmry tdwjr.

=6>=<>=.= FD stmtjs ‛Lust dvjr tgj sgdrjkèj.‘

=6>=<>1.9 FD uttjrs jxpkjt`vj.

=6>=<>6 S`tag ijoès td èarjmsj frdh ∙:³.

=6>=<>6.6 FD amkks amptmè iy f`rst emhj, stmtjs ‛@ nde‐t k`bj tg`s.‘

=6>=<>?.= APYI h`k`tmry tdwjr rjqujsts tgmt FMI6:63 rjpjmt kmst trmesh`ss`de.

=6>=<>?.? OS_Q< ‛Qèb rmtj‘

=6>=<>0.3 FD stmtjs ‛Od fdr `t.‘

=6>=<>0.9 OS_Q< ‛Hè`huhs‘

=6>=<:3.= FD stmtjs ‛Od mrduen.‘

=6>=<:3.? OS_Q< ‛Hè`huhs‘

=6>=<:=.9 Amptmè amkks ‛Od-mrduen tgrust.‘

=6>=<:=.7 FMI6:63 adkk`njs w`tg tjrrmè.



- =6? -

Mppjen`x I ‑ Mpprdmag prdajnurj agmrt fdr èstruhjet mpprdmag imsjn demrjm emvòmt`de usèo okdimk emvòmt`de smtjkk`tj mt Yuewmy 1: ^YZJ

ED^ FDY EMV@OM^@DE

Frdh EMV AMEMNM, Amemnm M`r S`kdt (AMS), AMS =< Pubde, Edrtgwjst jrr`tdr`js men Euemvut(jffjat`vj 13 Luej 93==)



- =67 -

Mppjen`x A ‑ Mpprdmag prdajnurj agmrt fdr estruhjet kmenèo systjh w`tgn`stmeaj hjmsurèo jqu`phjet mt Yuewmy 1: ^YZJ

ED^ FDY EMV@OM^@DE

Frdh EMV AMEMNM, Amemnm M`r S`kdt (AMS), AMS =< Pubde, Edrtgwjst jrr`tdr`js men Euemvut(jffjat`vj 13 Luej 93==)



- =60 -

Mppjen`x N ‑ Mpprdmag pmtg df FMI6:63




- =?3 -

Mppjen`x J ‑ A-OE_E adhpmss systjhs< mnn`t`demk èfdrhmt`de

Adhpmss trmesfjr sw`tag

@e tgj jvjet df m adhpmss fm`kurj, usj df tgj adhpmss trmesfjr sw`tag jemikjs tgj rjhmèèoadhpmss td prdv`nj gjmnèo efdrhmt`de td idtg p`kdt‐s estruhjets. g`s sw`tag s kdamtjn de

tgj amptmè‐s s`nj df tgj dvjrgjmn pmejk, mnlmajet td tgj VGF EMV (vjry gòg frjqujeayemvòmt`de) sjkjatdr sw`tag.

A-OE_E adhpmss systjh gjmnèo n`strìut`de

_`tg tgj adhpmss trmesfjr sw`tag è tgj EDYHMK pds`t`de, gjmnèo èfdrhmt`de n`strìut`de `sms fdkkdws<

• Gjmnèo efdrhmt`de frdh ed. = n`rjat`demk oyrd (NO) s n`spkmyjn de tgj amptmè‐srmn`d-hmoejtà enàmtdr (YH@), wgàg tgje rjpjmts tg`s efdrhmt`de td tgj f`rst dffàjr‐s(FD‐s) gdr`zdetmk s`tumt`de ènàmtdr (GQ@) men td tgj VGF emvòmt`de systjh. ^gjèfdrhmt`de suppk`jn iy ed. = NO tgrduog tgj amptmè‐s YH@ adetrdks tgj FD‐s GQ@gjmnèo n`spkmy men tgj ‛sjt adursj‘ men ‛sjt gjmnèo‘ sòemks. ^gj sjt-adursj men sjt-gjmnèo sòemks mrj tgje fjn td tgj fkògt n`rjatdr‐s stjjrèo adhputjr 9.

• Gjmnèo èfdrhmt`de frdh ed. 9 NO `s n`spkmyjn de tgj FD‐s YH@, wgàg tgje rjpjmtstg`s efdrhmt`de td tgj amptmè‐s GQ@ men td tgj fkògt nmtm rjadrnjr. gj èfdrhmt`desuppk`jn tgrduog ed. 9 NO tgrduog tgj FD‐s YH@ adetrdks tgj n`spkmy de tgj amptmè‐sGQ@ gjmnèo n`spkmy, men `s mksd usjn iy tgj amptmè‐s GQ@ fdr tgj sjt-adursj men sjt-gjmnèo sòemks. ^gj sjt-adursj men sjt-gjmnèo sòemks mrj tgje fjn td tgj mutdp`kdt mentd tgj fkògt n`rjatdr‐s stjjrèo adhputjr =.

Fkux vmkvj men adhpmss adetrdkkjr

Fkux vmkvjs sjesj tgj n`rjat`de df tgj jmrtg‐s hmoejtà f`jkn. _`tg tgj adhpmss adetrdkkjr(Fòurj 93) HMO/NO sw`tag è tgj HMO (hmoejtà) pds`t`de, tgj fkux vmkvjs mrj usjn td mkòe

=?> Yjprdnuajn frdh< F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk Vdkuhj 9, Mhjenhjet ed. 1 (3= Hmrag 933>),Fkògt @estruhjets< Adetrdks men @enàmtdrs, pmoj 1>.=3.7

Fòurj 93. Jxjhpkmr adhpmss adetrdkkjr =?>



- =?= -

tgj NO dutput w`tg hmoejtà edrtg men prdv`nj m stmikj hmoejtà adhpmss systjh. @e tg`shdnj, tgj adhpmss systjh adhpjesmtjs fdr rjmk men mppmrjet oyrd prjajss`de.Gdwjvjr, e tgj vàè`ty df tgj jmrtg‐s hmoejtà pdkjs, hmoejtà adhpmss systjhs mrjsusajptìkj td jrrdr men mrj edt su`tmikj fdr emvòmt`de. _gje dpjrmtèo e tgjsj mrjms dfadhpmss uerjk`mi`k`ty, mktjremtj hjtgdns df emvòmt`de hust ij usjn. gjsj hjtgdns eakunjdpjrmtèo tgj m`rarmft‐s NOs è m frjj oyrd hdnj w`tg rjfjrjeaj td truj rmtgjr tgme hmoejtà

edrtg.

_`tg tgj HMO/NO sw`tag è tgj NO pds`t`de, tgj fkux vmkvj èput `s rjhdvjn frdh tgj A-==Iadhpmss systjh. ^gj NO gjmnèo dutput `s ed kdeojr skmvjn td hmoejtà edrtg, men tgjadhpmss systjh rjvjrts td m frjj oyrd. @e frjj oyrd hdnj, tgj systjh `s suiljat td tgj rjmk menmppmrjet prjajss`de df tgj NO.

^gj adhpmss adetrdkkjr eakunjs me mnlustmikj kmt`tunj adhpjesmtdr. d ejutrmk`zj jmrtg rmtjprjajss`de, p`kdts hust sjt tgj adrrjat kmt`tunj de tg`s adhpjesmtdr ms tgj fkògt prdorjssjs. gjadhpmss adetrdkkjr mksd gms m kmt`tunj trmesfjr sw`tag td mnlust njpjenjet de wgjtgjr tgjm`rarmft s fkyèo e tgj edrtgjre dr sdutgjre gjh`spgjrj.

@estruhjet adhpmrmtdr

Me estruhjet wmreèo systjh s estmkkjn wgàg adhpmrjs tgj amptmè‐s men FD‐s adhpmssgjmnèos, p`tag men rdkk mtt`tunj enàmt`des, men kdamk`zjr men ok`njskdpj njv`mt`de dutputsfrdh tgj ed. = men ed. 9 VGF EMV ue`ts. Me estruhjet adhpmrmtdr meeuea`mtdr (Sgdtd 6) skdamtjn midvj jmag p`kdt‐s estruhjet n`spkmy.

Fdr gjmnèo èfdrhmt`de, tgj adhpmrmtdr w`kk `kkuhèmtj mhijr kògts de idtg meeuea`mtdrswgje tgj n`ffjrjeaj ijtwjje tgj ed. = men ed. 9 adhpmssjs jxajjns tgj fdkkdwèo tdkjrmeajs<

• _èos kjvjk 6³ ½ 9³

• 93³ imeb =3³ ½ 9.:³

• Ok`njskdpj ampturjn >.:³ ½ =³

Sgdtd 6. A-OE_E amptmè‐s estruhjet adhpmrmtdr

Ymn`d-hmoejtà ènàmtdr

^gj uppjr rògt bedi de jmag YH@ s tgj adhpmss syeagrde`zèo adetrdk, wgàg pjrh`ts tgjp`kdt td syeagrde`zj tgj YH@ w`tg tgj mppkàmikj adhpmss systjh (Fòurj 9=).



- =?9 -

Fòurj 9=. Jxjhpkmr rmn`d-hmoejtà enàmtdr(YH@)

=< Qyeagrde`zèo meeuea`mtdr9< MNF/VDY ijmrèo pdètjrs

1< MNF/VDY ijmrèo pdètjr sw`tagjs>< Qyeagrde`zèo adetrdk =< NHJ h`kjs wèndw9< Kuiijr kèj1< Gjmnèo hmrbjr (iuo)>< Ok`njskdpj pdètjr men samkj:< GQ@ gjmnèo sjkjatdr6< Adursj aduetjr?< Adursj pdètjr7< Adursj njv`mt`de imr0< M`rarmft syhidk=3< GQ@ adursj sjkjatdr

Gdr`zdetmk s`tumt`de ènàmtdr^gj GQ@ n`spkmys m`rarmft pds`t`de men gjmnèo w`tg rjspjat td hmoejtà dr truj edrtg, sjkjatjngjmnèo, NHJ (n`stmeaj hjmsurèo jqu`phjet), kmtjrmk njv`mt`de td dr frdh m sjkjatjn VDY(VGF dhe`n`rjat`demk rmeoj) dr kdamk`zjr adursj, men vjrtàmk njv`mt`de frdh tgj ajetrj df mok`njskdpj ijmh (Fòurj 99).

^gj f`xjn m`rarmft syhidk n`spkmys m`rarmft pds`t`de men gjmnèo e rjkmt`de td tgj mz`hutgamrn, adursj njv`mt`de imr, men sjkjatjn gjmnèo. gj rdtmtèo mz`hutg amrn n`spkmysgjmnèo efdrhmt`de frdh tgj adhpmss systjh. M`rarmft gjmnèo s rjmn de tgj amrn ijejmtg tgjkuiijr kèj mt tgj tdp ajetrj df tgj èstruhjet.

^gj gjmnèo iuo `s sjt td tgj njs`rjn gjmnèo de tgj mz`hutg amrn. Deaj sjt, tgj gjmnèo iuordtmtjs w`tg tgj mz`hutg amrn. ^gj adursj pdètjr `s sjt td tgj njs`rjn VDY rmn`mk dr kdamk`zjradursj de tgj mz`hutg amrn. Deaj sjt, tgj adursj pdètjr rdtmtjs w`tg tgj mz`hutg amrn.

^gj adursj njv`mt`de imr rjprjsjets tgj ajetrj df tgj sjkjatjn VDY dr kdamk`zjr adursj, menn`spkmys adursj njv`mt`de. gj adursj njv`mt`de imr s rjmn w`tg rjspjat td tgj m`rarmft rjfjrjeajsyhidk, prdv`nèo tgj p`kdt w`tg efdrhmt`de rjomrnèo kmtjrmk njv`mt`de frdh tgj sjkjatjnadursj men wgàg n`rjat`de td ture fdr adrrjat`des td adursj njv`mt`des.

Fòurj 99. Jxjhpkmr gdr`zdetmk s`tumt`deènàmtdr (GQ@)



- =?1 -

_gje tgj emvòmt`de rjaj`vjr s tuejn td m kdamk`zjr frjqujeay, e`t`mk hdvjhjet df tgj adursjnjv`mt`de imr ijoès mt meoukmr njv`mt`des frdh 9.>³ td >.3³ frdh tgj ajetrj df tgj kdamk`zjradursj, njpjenèo de ijmh w`ntg fdr m pmrtàukmr estruhjet kmenèo systjh (@KQ) èstmkkmt`de.^gj 9-ndt kèjmr pdrt`de df tgj adursj njv`mt`de samkj rjprjsjets 9.:³ meoukmr njv`mt`de,njpjenèo de tgj pmrtàukmr @KQ estmkkmt`de. =?:

=?: Ydabwjkk @etjremt`demk, FN-==3 Fkògt N`rjatdr Qystjh S`kdt‐s Ou`nj (=0?7)



- =?> -

Mppjen`x F ‑ A-OE_E mutdp`kdt systjh< mnn`t`demk èfdrhmt`de

Mutdp`kdt hdnj adetrdk pmejk

^gj mutdp`kdt gms 9 agmeejks< = p`tag agmeejk men = rdkk agmeejk. gj p`tag men rdkk fueat`des mrjsjpmrmtj men mrj gdusjn e sjpmrmtj memkdo jkjatrdeà idxjs e tgj jkjatrdeàs imy.

Mutdp`kdt jeomoj sw`tagjs

^gj mutdp`kdt hdnj adetrdk pmejk (MS HAS) gms 9 jeomoj pmnnkj sw`tagjs< = fdr tgj rdkkagmeejk men = fdr tgj p`tag agmeejk (Sgdtd ?). Jmag pmnnkj sw`tag `s sprèo-kdmnjn td tgjn`sjeomoj pds`t`de, men s sdkjed`n-gjkn e tgj jeomojn pds`t`de wgje ajrtmè aden`t`des mrjhjt. gj p`tag men rdkk agmeejks hmy ij dpjrmtjn enjpjenjetky df dej medtgjr. gj njfmuktjeomoj stmtj `s hmeumk A_Q (adetrdk wgjjk stjjrèo) hdnj fdr idtg p`tag men rdkk. ^gj m`rarmftw`kk hmètmè tgj p`tag mtt`tunj mt tgj t`hj df jeomojhjet. Mutdhmtà stmi`k`zjr tr`h, wgàg s mfueat`de df tgj p`tag agmeejk, adhpjesmtjs fdr agmeojs e m`rarmft tr`h.

Sgdtd ?. Mutdp`kdt hdnj adetrdk pmejk (MS HAS)

Mutdp`kdt p`tag hdnj sjkjatdr

^gj mutdp`kdt p`tag hdnj sjkjatdr `s m rdtmry sw`tag kdamtjn de tgj rògt s`nj df tgj MS HAS,w`tg 1 pds`t`des< ^ZYI, DFF, men MK^ GDKN. ^gj sw`tag `s sprèo-kdmnjn td tgj DFF pds`t`de,men s sdkjed`n-gjkn e tgj dtgjr pds`t`des f systjh etjrkdabs mrj hmètmèjn. Jmag df tgj p`tagsuihdnjs s njsarìjn ijkdw.

• DFF ∙ dpjrmtjs e hmeumk p`tag A_Q.

• ^ZYI ∙ fdr usj è turiukjet aden`t`des td rjnuaj oust kdmns.

• MK^ GDKN ∙ hmètmès tgj prjssurj mkt`tunj de tgj amptmè‐s mkt`hjtjr mt tgj t`hj tg`shdnj `s sjkjatjn.

Mutdp`kdt hdnj sjkjatdr

^gj mutdp`kdt hdnj sjkjatdr `s m rdtmry sw`tag kdamtjn de tgj kjft s`nj df tgj MS HAS, w`tg >pds`t`des< HME, VDY/KDA, MZ^D MSS men HME O/Q. ^gj sw`tag `s sprèo-kdmnjn td tgjHME pds`t`de men s sdkjed`n-gjkn e tgj 1 dtgjr pds`t`des f systjh etjrkdabs mrj hmètmèjn._gje tgj rdkk agmeejk agmeojs hdnj frdh tgjsj 1 pds`t`des, tgj sw`tag w`kk mutdhmtàmkky





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Adetrdk wgjjk stjjrèo

^gj m`rarmft dpjrmt`des hmeumk (MDH) Vdkuhj 9 njsarìjs A_Q ms fdkkdws< =?6

A_Q dpjrmtjs è kdw dr gòg njtjet kjvjk, njpjenèo de wgàg hdnjs drsuihdnjs mrj mat`vj<

HME HdnjA_Q p`tag men rdkk mrj kdw njtjet uekjss vmr`dus suihdnjs mrj mat`vj (sjjijkdw)

VDY/KDA HdnjA_Q p`tag men rdkk mrj kdw njtjet uet`k VDY dr kdamk`zjr DE ADZYQJ. A_Q rdkktgje ijadhjs gòg njtjet, men A_Q p`tag rjhmès kdw njtjet uekjss MK^ GDKN`s mat`vj. A_Q rdkk hmy ij usjn td dvjrr`nj nurèo tgj ampturj pgmsj uet`k DEADZYQJ. Jxajjnèo gòg njtjet è rdkk rjvjrts tgj mutdp`kdt td HME.R…X

MK^ GDKN QuihdnjA_Q p`tag s gòg njtjet. Jxajjnèo gòg njtjet w`kk rjvjrt tgj S`tag HdnjQjkjatdr Qw`tag td DFF.

GNO GDKN/GNO DFF QuihdnjsA_Q rdkk `s kdw njtjet.

GNO QJK QuihdnjA_Q rdkk s gòg njtjet. Jxajjnèo gòg njtjet amusjs tgj gjmnèo sw`tag tdhdvj td tgj ajetjr (GJMN@EO GDKN) pds`t`de.

=?6 F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk Vdkuhj 9, Mhjenhjet ed. 1 (3= Hmrag 933>), Adetrdk _gjjkQtjjrèo (A_Q), pmojs 99.93.? td 99.93.7





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Mppjen`x G ‑ FN-=37 fkògt n`rjatdr systjh< mnn`t`demk èfdrhmt`de

Fkògt n`rjatdr hdnj adetrdk pmejk

^gjrj wjrj 9 fkògt n`rjatdr (FN) hdnj adetrdk pmejks (HASs) estmkkjn de tgj okmrjsg`jkn< dejfdr tgj amptmè‐s FN systjh men tgj dtgjr fdr tgj FD‐s FN systjh. Jmag FN HAS adetmès

adetrdks fdr tgj rdkk agmeejk men tgj p`tag agmeejk v`m m HDNJ QJK (hdnj sjkjat`de) sw`tag,MK^ GDKN (mkt`tunj gdkn) sw`tag, men S@ÂG AHN (p`tag adhhmen) bedi (Sgdtd 7). ^gj rdkkmen p`tag adetrdks sjkjat tgj sòemks prdv`njn td tgj adhhmen imrs e tgj mtt`tunj n`rjatdrènàmtdr (MN@).

Sgdtd 7. Fkògt N`rjatdr hdnj adetrdk pmejk

Fkògt n`rjatdr hdnj adetrdk ∙ rdkk

^gj adhhmen imrs e tgj MN@ n`spkmy tgj adhputjn adhhmens td hmètmè tgj sjkjatjn rdkkmeokj. ^gj FN rdkk HDNJ QJK sw`tag gms tgj fdkkdwèo pds`t`des men dpjrmtèo k`h`tmt`des<

• OM (od mrduen) prdv`njs wèos-kjvjk rdkk adhhmen w`tg =>³ p`tag adhhmen uet`kmedtgjr hdnj s sjkjatjn.

• DFF rjhdvjs tgj adhhmen imrs frdh MN@.

• GNO prdv`njs adhhmen imr ou`nmeaj td fky tgj sjkjatjn gjmnèo de tgj GQ@. @e GNOhdnj, tgj stjjrèo adhhmen `s k`h`tjn td 13³ è rdkk men =9³ è p`tag.

• VDY/KDA `s usjn td ampturj men trmab m VDY rmn`mk dr kdamk`zjr. VDY/KDA gms 1suihdnjs<

• @etjrajpt ‑ Mhijr MSN (mpprdmag prdorjss n`spkmy) VDY/KDA kògt `kkuhèmtjn,adhhmen imrs prdv`nj ou`nmeaj td fky td men hmètmè tgj sjkjatjn gjmnèo de tgjGQ@.

• Ampturj ‑ Orjje MSN VDY/KDA kògt `kkuhèmtjn, adhhmen imrs prdv`njou`nmeaj td fky td men hmètmè tgj VDY rmn`mk dr kdamk`zjr adursj sjkjatjn de tgjGQ@. g`s ou`nmeaj s n`spkmyjn e tgj fdrh df adhhmenjn imeb meokjs. gjadhhmen imrs rjture td wèos-kjvjk deaj tgj FN njtjrhèjs tgj rjsuktmet gjmnèoprdv`njs m suffà`jet etjrajpt meokj td tgj sjkjatjn adursj. Fdr kdamk`zjr, tg`s hdnjagmeoj daaurs mt 9.:³ frdh kdamk`zjr ajetrjkèj. Imeb meokj adhhmen k`h`t s ½13³.





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• OD MYDZEN

• @kkuhèmtjs orjje wgje OM hdnj s sjkjatjn.

Mutdp`kdt hdnjs mrj meeuea`mtjn de tgj rògt s`nj df tgj MSN. De tgj maa`njet m`rarmft, tgjfdkkdwèo MSN meeuea`mtdrs wjrj mppkàmikj td tgj mutdp`kdt<

• VDY/KDA

• @kkuhèmtjs mhijr wgje VDY/KDA dr MZ^D MSS sjkjatjn de tgj HAS men VDY drKDA edt ampturjn

• @kkuhèmtjs orjje wgje VDY/KDA dr MZ^D MSS sjkjatjn de tgj HAS men VDY drKDA sòemk s ampturjn (kjss tgme 9 ndts)

• OK@NJ QKDSJ

• @kkuhèmtjs mhijr wgje MZ^D MSS hdnj s sjkjatjn de tgj HAS men ok`njskdpjedt ampturjn

• @kkuhèmtjs orjje wgje MZ^D MSS hdnj `s sjkjatjn de tgj HAS men ok`njskdpj

sòemk s ampturjn (kjss tgme 9 ndts)

• @kkuhèmtjs orjje `f HME O/Q sjkjatjn de tgj HAS

• @f kkuhèmtjn orjje, agmeojs td mhijr f tgj m`rarmft kdamk`zjr njv`mt`de jxajjns 9ndts

• OSQ

• @kkuhèmtjs orjje wgje idtg HN->= meeuea`mtdr adetrdk ue`t ed. = s sjkjatjn td OSQmen tgj OSQ mutdp`kdt sjkjat sw`tag `s sjt td M/S DE OSQ

• Jxtèou`sgjs f j`tgjr df tgjsj sw`tagjs s njsjkjatjn

Fòurj 9>. Jxjhpkmr mpprdmag prdorjssn`spkmy (MSN)



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Mppjen`x @ ∙ Qjqujeaj df jvjets< =691 td =611



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Mppjen`x L ‑ Qjqujeaj df jvjets< =616 td =617



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Mppjen`x B ‑ Qjqujeaj df jvjets< =617 td =6>3



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Mppjen`x K ‑ Qjqujeaj df jvjets< =6>3 td =6>=



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Mppjen`x H ‑ Qjqujeaj df jvjets< =6>= td =6>=<>:





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Mppjen`x D ‑ Mkt`tunj men ok`nj pmtg

ED^J< O`vje tgmt tgj m`rarmft kjft tgj kdamk`zjr ijmh, tgj rjsukts ditmèjn frdh tgj ok`njskdpjamkaukmt`de mrj hmtgjhmtàmk, wjrj usjn fdr kkustrmt`vj purpdsjs deky, men hmy edt ij wgmt tgjm`rarmft estruhjets wdukn gmvj sgdwe (ms tgj m`rarmft hmy edt gmvj ijje w`tgè rjaj`vèormeoj df tgj metjeem‐s sòemk).



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Mppjen`x S ‑ Fkògt pmtg men kdamk`zjr



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Mppjen`x ] ‑ F`rst M`r prdajnurjs fdr mutdp`kdt dpjrmt`de è HME hdnj

F`rst M`r prdajnurjs fdr mutdp`kdt dpjrmt`de e HME hdnj mrj ms fdkkdws e tgj fkògtdpjrmt`des hmeumk< =?7

^d Hmejuvjr è S`tag men Ydkk

Zsj A_Q mt m fdraj orjmtjr tgme kdw njtjet kjvjk. _gje A_Q p`tag fdraj `srjkmxjn ijkdw kdw njtjet kjvjk, m`rpkmej w`kk hmètmè jx`stèo p`tag mtt`tunj._gje A_Q rdkk fdraj `s rjkmxjn ijkdw kdw njtjet kjvjk, `f imeb meokj kjss tgme :³,m`rpkmej w`kk rdkk wèos kjvjk men hmètmè gjmnèo. @f imeb meokj orjmtjr tgme :³,m`rpkmej w`kk hmètmè imeb meokj.

^d Hmètmè Imeb Meokjs Kjss tgme :³ Mutdp`kdt Gjmnèo Qw`tag .............................................................................. GNO DFF

_gje A_Q rdkk fdraj `s rjkmxjn ijkdw kdw njtjet kjvjk, tgj m`rpkmej hmètmès

tgj jx`stèo imeb meokj. Yjture tgj Mutdp`kdt Gjmnèo Qw`tag td ajetjr tdrjhdvj tg`s suihdnj.

^d Hmejuvjr è Ydkk men Gdkn Mkt`tunjS`tag Hdnj Qjkjatdr ...................................................................................... MK^ GDKN

Zsj A_Q td ènuaj rdkk mt kdw njtjet kjvjk fdraj. Mkt`tunj s hmètmèjn iy eputfrdh tgj m`r nmtm adhputjr mt tgj t`hj S`tag Hdnj Qjkjatdr `s pds`t`dejn td MK^GDKN pds`t`de. A_Q p`tag èput orjmtjr tgme gòg njtjet kjvjk w`kk tr`p S`tagHdnj Qjkjatdr td DFF.

^d Hmejuvjr @e S`tag men Gdkn GjmnèoMutdp`kdt Gjmnèo Qw`tag .............................................................................. GNO QJK

Zsj A_Q td adetrdk p`tag mtt`tunj mt kdw njtjet kjvjk. ^gj m`rpkmej tures td menhmètmès tgj gjmnèo sjkjatjn de GQ@ w`tg tgj Mutdp`kdt Gjmnèo Qw`tag èGNO QJK. A_Q rdkk èput orjmtjr tgme gòg njtjet kjvjk tr`ps tgj Mutdp`kdtGjmnèo Qw`tag td tgj ajetrj pds`t`de.

=?7 F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==), MZ^DS@KD^

DSJYM^@DEQ, pmoj 3>.13.>



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Mppjen`x Y ‑ @estruhjet kmenèo systjh ètjrajpt fdr mutdp`kdt VDY/KDAhdnj




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Mppjen`x Q ‑ @estruhjet kmenèo systjh ètjrajpt fdr fkògt n`rjatdr è MZ^D MSS




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Mppjen`x ^ ‑ F`rst M`r adhpmss dpjrmtèo pdkày men prdajnurjs fdrEdrtgjre Ndhjstà M`rspmaj

Sdkày fdr dpjrmt`des è Edrtgjre Ndhjstà M`rspmaj

F`rst M`r‐s pdkày fdr Edrtgjre Ndhjst a M`rspmaj (ENM) dpjrmt`des s stmtjn ms fdkkdws e tgjfkògt dpjrmt`des hmeumk< =?0

Emvòmt`de e Edrtgjre Ndhjstà M`rspmaj< Ydutjs men mpprdmag prdajnurjsadenuatjn e Edrtgjre Ndhjstà M`rspmaj mrj puik`sgjn njorjjs truj.Arjws hust emvòmtj e maadrnmeaj w`tg tgj rjoukmt`des men dpjrmtèoprdajnurjs dutkèjn è tg`s hmeumk.

Arjws w`kk njet`fy tgj`r trmabs ms ‛truj‘ wgje irdmnamstèo rjqu`rjn HFRhmenmtdry frjqujeayX rjpdrts e ueadetrdkkjn m`rspmaj.

Ij mwmrj tgmt dtgjr m`rarmft hmy dr hmy edt ij mngjrèo td tgj rjqu`rjndpjrmtèo prmatàj.

Amemn`me Mv`mt`de Yjoukmt`des rjqu`rj m`rarmft dpjrmtèo e Edrtgjre NdhjstàM`rspmaj td ij jqu`ppjn w`tg m hjmes df jstmik`sgèo n`rjat`de tgmt s edtnjpjenmet de m hmoejtà sduraj. Jvje tgduog F`rst M`r M`rarmft mrj jqu`ppjnw`tg OSQ, tg`s mkdej s edt ampmikj df jstmik`sgèo n`rjat`de.

^gjrj mrj deky 9 rjk`mikj hjmes df jstmik`sgèo n`rjat`de. gjsj mrj<

=. Zsj df OSQ e adhièmt de w`tg me MNF/ENI ijmrèo2 dr, wgjrj tg`s `s edt

pdssìkj2 men

9. Zsj df me Mstrd Adhpmss men M`r Mkhmema td ditmè m sue/stmr sgdt.

Edtj< Zsj df tgj Mstrd Adhpmss /M`r Mkhmema sgdukn deky ij ejajssmry wgjeè me mrjm w`tgdut suffà`jet ENI advjrmoj dr wgje idtg OSQ (dej è GQ?>7)mrj uesjrvàjmikj.

Srdajnurjs fdr ditmèèo truj gjmnèo usèo OSQ men ede-n`rjat`demk ijmade

^gj m`rarmft dpjrmt`des hmeumk prdv`njs spja`fà prdajnurmk ou`nmeaj td I?1? arjws fdrdpjrmt`de df tgj adhpmss men emvòmt`demk systjhs. gj hmeumk mnv`sjs, ‛_gje dpjrmtèo e^YZJ t s rjadhhjenjn tgmt vjr`fàmt`de df YZJ gjmnèo ij maadhpk`sgjn dvjr jmagwmypdèt, ijfdrj njsajet, men wgjejvjr vjr`fàmt`de s ades`njrjn mpprdpr`mtj,‘ =73 men

=?0 F`rst M`r Fkògt Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk (FDH), Mhjenhjet ed. 9 (== Hmy 93==), sjat`de 9.99.9< Dpjrmt`desè Edrtgjre Ndhjstà M`rspmaj (ENM), pmoj 9-:1

=73 F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==), GJMN@EO AGJABQ,pmoj 3>.=97.9





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Mppjen`x Z ‑ F`rst M`r mhpk`f`jn agjabk`st prdajnurjs

Mhpk`f`jn prj-njsajet agjabk`st

^gj mhpk`f`jn prj-njsajet agjabk`st prdv`njn e F`rst M`r‐s m`rarmft dpjrmt`des hmeumk (MDH) sms fdkkdws< =71

Kmenèo Nmtm & Ir`jfèo ......................... YJV@J_JN, IZOQ QJ^ SF/SEF

* Adhpkjtj tgj kmenèo nmtm amrn, adenuat arjw men mpprdmag pkmtjir`jfèos men sjt mkk iuos fdr kmenèo.

JSY & @MQ Iuos .....................................AGJABJN & QJ^ VYJFTTT SF/SEF

* Vjr`fy tgj m`rspjjn ènjx hmrbjrs men tgj JSY aursdrs mrj sjt td tgjkmenèo nmtm amrn vmkujs.

Adhpmssjs ..............................QPEA, HMO/NO & W AGJABJN SF/SEF

* Vjr`fy mkk adhpmss systjhs gmvj ijje agjabjn, mrj syeagrde`zjn men

gmvj ijje ardss-agjabjn. Vjr`fy tgmt adhpmss systjhs mrj e HMO.(Hmoejtà dr Qkmvjn Sds`t`de) dr NO (frjj Oyrd).

ED^J< =3,333 fjjt - Kmenèo/ûredff kògts De.

Nurèo Nmykògt dpjrmt`des, tgj Yuewmy ûredff men @eidmrnKmenèo kògts sgdukn ij de puksj hdnj.

Zsj df dutidmrn kmenèo kògts mrj mt tgj Amptmè‐s n`sarjt`de. Nuj tdtgj èarjmsjn nrmo men fujk iure, tgj`r usj sgdukn ij k`h`tjn td tgjtrmffà pmttjre mt eògt men/dr td spjjns ijkdw 9:3 bedts.

Nurèo eògt dr disaurjn wjmtgjr dpjrmt`des, ûredff, @eidmrn menDutidmrn Kmenèo Kògts sgdukn ij usjn fdr kmenèo. ^gj @eidmrnmen Dutidmrn Kmenèo Kògts sgdukn ij turejn de ed kmtjr tgme tgjFMF.

Mhpk`f`jn è-rmeoj agjabk`st

@tjhs midvj tgj nmsgjn kèj mrj edrhmkky maadhpk`sgjn njsajenèo tgrduog =3 333 fjjt, men`tjhs ijkdw tgj nmsgjn kèj mrj maadhpk`sgjn mftjr emvòmt`demk m`ns men fkògt n`rjatdrs gmvjijje sjt up, ms ir`jfjn, fdr tgj ètjenjn mpprdmag.

^gj mhpk`f`jn e-rmeoj agjabk`st prdv`njn e tgj MDH s ms fdkkdws< =7>

=71 Yjprdnuajn frdh< F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==),MHSK@F@JN SYJ NJQAJE^ AGJABK@Q^, pmoj 31.?3.?

=7> @i`n., MHSK@F@JN @E YMEOJ AGJABK@Q^, pmoj 31.?3.7



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Qjmt Ijkt ...............................................................................................DE SEF

Met`-@aj (ms rjqu`rjn) ..............................................................DE/DFF SEF

Ormvjk Srdtjat Qw`tag.........................................................................DE SEF

M`r Aden & Srjssur`zmt`de ............................….QJ^ FDY KMEN@EO SEF

* Agjab amiè tjhpjrmturj edrhmk. @f kmenèo m`rpdrt tjhpjrmturj sgògjr dr kdwjr tgme edrhmk, amiè sgdukn ij prj-aden`t`dejn denjsajet td hmètmè mpprdpr`mtj amiè tjhpjrmturjs de tgj orduen.

Agjab tgmt tgj DFF QAGJN NJQAJE^ meeuea`mtdr `s jxtèou`sgjn.

Agjab tgmt tgj amiè s njsajenèo td tgj mrr`vmk m`rpdrt jkjvmt`de.

♦ MSZ.......................................................................................... Q^MY^

* @f rjqu`rjn, stmrt MSZ. Adefòurj tgj prjssur`zmt`de systjh fdrJeoèj Ikjjns DFF fdr kmenèo<

Yògt Smab Qw`tag............................................................... DE @sdkmt`de Vmkvj ...........................................................AKDQJN Kjft Smab Qw`tag .............................................................….DE Euhijr = Jeoèj Ikjjn Qw`tag........................................DFF MSZ Ikjjn Qw`tag (63 sjadens mftjr MSZ stmrt) ............ DE Euhijr 9 Jeoèj Ikjjn Qw`tag........................................ DFF

---------------------------------------------------------

Emv Qw`tagjs ............................................................ VGF/FHQ EMV SF/SEF

Mkt`hjtjrs @estruhjets & Ymn`ds ..... " TTT " QJ^ & AYDQQ-AGJABJN SF/SEF

* Vjr`fy tgj mkt`hjtjr aursdrs men imrdhjtrà adrrjat`des mrj sjt mt tgj

adrrjat sjttèos, men tgj mkt`hjtjrs ardss-agjab.

Mhpk`f`jn kmenèo agjabk`st

^gj mhpk`f`jn kmenèo agjabk`st prdv`njn è tgj MDH `s ms fdkkdws< =7:

Jeoèj Qtmrt Qw`tagjs ................................................................... DE SF

Yjamkk .............................................................................. AGJABJN SF

* ^gj SEF w`kk prjss men rjkjmsj tgj meeuea`mtdr pmejk. Agjab tgmt tgjmeeuea`mtdr pmejk kògts men HMQ^JY AMZ^@DE kògts `kkuhèmtj.Ed kògts sgdukn rjhmè kkuhèmtjn wgje tgj meeuea`mtdr s rjkjmsjn.

Qpjjn Irmbj ..............................................MYHJN, OYJJE K@OG^ SF

* Ym`sj kjvjr, hdvj skògtky mft td NJ^JE^ (MYH) pds`t`de men disjrvjQSJJNIYMBJ MYHJN meeuea`mtdr `kkuhèmtjn.

=7: @i`n., MHSK@F@JN KMEN@EO AGJABK@Q^, pmoj 31.?3.0



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* @f tgj mhijr QSJJNIYMBJ ND ED^ MYH kògt `kkuhèmtjs, dr tgjorjje QSJJNIYMBJ MYHJN kògt ndjs edt `kkuhèmtj, rjture tgjkjvjr td NJ^JE^ men hmeumkky njpkdy tgj orduen spd`kjrs mftjrtduagndwe.

Ojmr ND_E, 1 OYJJE...................................................................... SF/SEF

* Vjr`fy tgj kmenèo ojmr kjvjr `s pds`t`dejn ndwe men tgj 1 orjjekmenèo ojmr ndwe men kdabjn enàmtdr kògts mrj kkuhèmtjn.

Fkmps ............................................................... TTT OYJJE K@OG^ SF/SEF

• Jesurj fkmp enàmt`de morjjs w`tg rjqu`rjn kmenèo fkmp.



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Mppjen`x V ‑ Mnn`t`demk stmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjs men mnmptmt`des iyF`rst M`r arjws

^rmesfjr df adetrdk

^gj m`rarmft dpjrmt`des hmeumk (MDH) njsarìjs tgj adhpmey‐s trmesfjr df adetrdk prdajnurj ms

fdkkdws< =76

_gje trmesfjrrèo adetrdk df tgj m`rarmft, tgj SF =7? w`kk stmtj ‛Pdur Adetrdks‘.^gj SEF w`kk stmtj ‛Hy Adetrdks‘ men mssuhj SF nut`js. gj SEF w`kk ormsp tgjadetrdk adkuhe pr`dr td meedueaèo ‛Hy Adetrdks‘ `f tgj mutd-p`kdt `s edtjeomojn mt t`hj df adetrdk trmesfjr.

S`kdt etjrv`jws rjvjmkjn tgmt adhpk`meaj w`tg tg`s prdajnurj wms ojejrmkky oddn, mktgduogmnmptmt`des sdhjt`hjs n`n daaur nurèo aru`sj, w`tg gmen sòemks dr m tmp de tgj adetrdk wgjjkusjn td sòe`fy tgj trmesfjr df adetrdk. Nurèo fkògt FMI6:63, m trmesfjr df adetrdk daaurrjnnurèo aru`sj, iut tgjrj wjrj ed vjrimk stmtjhjets rjomrnèo tgj adetrdk trmesfjrs.

Kmenèo nmtm amrn men m`rspjjn iuo sjttèos

^gj kmenèo nmtm amrn (Fòurj 9:) `s usjn td sjtmen vjr`fy kmenèo nmtm. @t s edrhmkky adhpkjtjniy tgj SEF ijfdrj tgj edrhmk prj-njsajetprdajnurjs. Edrhmkky, tgj SEF w`kk rjv`jw tgjkmenèo nmtm amrn efdrhmt`de mftjr tgj m`rspjjniuos mrj sjt men ijfdrj tgj mpprdmag ir`jfèo.

F`rst M`r stmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurj fdr tgjI?1? `s td fky tgj rjadhhjenjn fèmk mpprdmag

spjjn (VMSS), wgàg `s VYJF adrrjatjn fdr wèn._èn adrrjat`de s tgj stjmny gjmnwènadhpdejet pkus mkk df tgj oust vmkuj, imsjn detdwjr-rjpdrtjn wèns. gj hmx`huh wènadrrjat`de sgdukn edt jxajjn 93 bedts. g`s wènadrrjat`de `s mnnjn td tgj VYJF. @e kògt wèn drtm`kwèn aden`t`des, m hè`huh df : bedts smnnjn td tgj VYJF td ditmè tgj VMSS.

=76 F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==), ADHHZE@AM^@DEQ

MEN AYDQQAGJAB DF AYJ_ MA^@DEQ, pmoj 31.13.=

=7? SF rjfjrs td tgj p`kdt fkyèo2 SEF rjfjrs td tgj p kdt edt fkyèo. RFddtedtj mnnjn.X

=77 Yjprdnuajn frdh< F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==),KMEN@EO NM^M AMYN, pmoj 31.1>.>

Fòurj 9:. Kmenèo nmtm amrn =77







- 933 -

metà`pmtjn. FMI6:63 njsajenjn tgrduog =: 333 fjjt mt =613<=6. gjrj wjrj ed rjadrnjnstmtjhjets rjomrnèo stmrtèo tgj MSZ.

^gj =3 333-fddt same/fkdw s è`t`mtjn wgje njsajenèo tgrduog =3 333 fjjt. Mat`de tjhs mrjjxjautjn iy tgj SEF ms fdkkdws< =01

Kdod Kògt…………………………………………………………………….DE

Omspjr Fme……………………………………………………………………DE

M`r Aden & Srjssur`zmt`de ……………………………..QJ^ FDY KMEN@EO @f rjqu`rjn, adefòurj tgj prjssur`zmt`de systjh fdr Jeoèj Ikjjns DFF

fdr kmenèo. =0> Jesurj tgmt tgj MSZ gms ijje dpjrmtèo fdr mt kjmst 63sjadens ijfdrj adhpkjtèo tg`s prdajnurj.

Yògt Smab Qw`tag………………………………….DE

@sdkmt`de Vmkvj………………………………AKDQJN

Kjft Smab Qw`tag…………………………………...DE

Euhijr = Jeoèj Ikjjn Qw`tag…………………DFFMSZ Ikjjn Qw`tag…………………………………DE

Euhijr 9 Jeoèj Ikjjn Qw`tag…………………DFF

Qjmt Ijkt Qòe…………………………………………………………………DE

Ormvjk Srdtjat Qw`tag (`f èstmkkjn) ………………………………………..DE

Kmenèo Kògts…………………………………………………MQ YJ]Z@YJN

FMI6:63 njsajenjn tgrduog =3 333 fjjt mt =619<1:. Mt tgj adhhjeajhjet df tgj e-rmeoj agjabmt =619<>7, tgj FD adef`rhjn tgj sjmtijkt sòes DE, ormvjk prdtjat DE, men m`r aden`t`deèo

prjssur`zmt`de sjt fdr kmenèo. g`s adef`rhmt`de enàmtjs tgmt tgj =3 333 fddt same/fkdw gmnijje adhpkjtjn.

Mvm`kmikj efdrhmt`de ndjs edt akjmrky enàmtj wgjtgjr tgj p`kdts stmrtjn tgj MSZ. Gdwjvjr,tgjy turejn de tgj ormvjk prdtjat sw`tag, ènàmtèo tgmt tgjy wjrj mwmrj df tgj ormvjkdpjrmtèo rjqu`rjhjets. @t s k`bjky tgmt tgjy n`n stmrt men usj tgj MSZ.

Mkt`tunj mkjrtjr

^gj SEF w`kk mabedwkjnoj mkk mkt`tunj mssòehjets w`tg MÂ men rjpjmt tgjh mkdun td tgj SF.Mkk mssòejn mkt`tunjs ndwe td tgj mkt`tunj mt tgj fèmk mpprdmag f`x (FMF) w`kk ij prjsjkjatjn detgj mkt`tunj mkjrtjr. De ok`njskdpj ampturj, tgj mkt`tunj mkjrtjr w`kk ij prjsjt td tgj h`ssjn

=01 Yjprdnuajn frdh< F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk Vdkuhj =, Mhjenhjet ed. 91 (9= Luej 93==),=3,333 FDD^ QAME/FKD_ (njsajenèo), pmoj 31.63.6

=0> Quppkjhjetmry Srdajnurjs (F`rst M`r I?1? Dpjrmt`des Hmeumk, Vdkuhj =, pmoj 3>.=3.?) stmtj tgmtjeoèj ikjjn m`r hust ij DFF fdr kmenèo de ormvjk ruewmy.



- 93= -

mpprdmag mkt`tunj. gjrj wms ed rjqu`rjhjet fdr p`kdts td mabedwkjnoj murmk dr v`sumk mkt`tunjmkjrts.

S`kdts etjrv`jwjn wjrj msbjn deky midut mabedwkjnohjet df murmk mkt`tunj mkjrts ijkdw tgjsjkjatjn mkt`tunj wg`kj de fèmk mpprdmag. gjy enàmtjn tgmt suag murmk mkjrts wjrjmabedwkjnojn iy mnv`sèo tgj dtgjr p`kdt tgmt tgj mkt`tunj mkjrtjr wms sjt td tgj h`ssjn

mpprdmag mkt`tunj.

De FMI6:63, tgj SEF n`n edt rjpjmt mkdun tgj ètjenjn mkt`tunj wgje è`t`mkky rjaj`vèo tgjnjsajet akjmrmeaj frdh MÂ mt =691<90. ^gjrj wjrj ed mkt`tunj mkjrtjr tdejs rjadrnjn uet`k tgjm`rarmft njsajenjn tgrduog 1933 fjjt mt =610<=3, wgàg wms ades`stjet w`tg tgj mkt`tunj mkjrtjrijèo sjt td 9933 fjjt. M suisjqujet mkjrt daaurrjn mt =610<:9, wgje tgj m`rarmft wms njsajenèotgrduog midut =0:3 fjjt msk.



- 939 -

Mppjen`x _ ∙ ED^MHQ

@e`t`mk ED^MH =0: td jstmik`sg tgj Akmss N HÂM men Adetrdk \dej, `ssujn 39 Muoust=.93==<

@ssujn 39 Muoust 93== mt =?13\< SEQ3:36 39=?1319 OO AP\\D\JO 39=?13 APG]PEPW ===>3> ED^MHE A\JO JNHDE^DE F@Y A\JO NMG @Q MHJENJN MQ FK_< AKMQQ N YJQDKZ^J HÂM @Q JQ^MIK@QGJN MQ FK_< ^GJ M@YQSMAJ _@^G@E 73 EH YMN@ZQ ?>>13=E 0>:7=3_ ?33 F^ MOK ^D FK933. FDY DSQ EMEDDB. FYJ] FDY DSQ EMEDDB< YJQDKZ^J ^HK< 997.:333 HG\ < =91.3?: HG\

OKD__DYH (H@K SMY)< 9>1.>333 HG\ < =97.7:3 HG\ YJQDKZ^J ^_Y< 916.:333 HG\ < =91.19: HG\ YJQDKZ^J OEN< 9>0.0333 HG\ < =97.0?: HG\ < =>0.=:3 HG\ ==3736=933 @K ==37973=33

@ssujn 39 Muoust 93== mt =?1:\< SEQ3:=9 39=?1:91 OO AP\\D\JO 39=?1: APG]PEPW

===>3: ED^MHE A\JO JNHDE^DE F@Y A\JO NMG @Q MHJENJN MQ FK_< AKMQQ N YJQDKZ^J A^K \DEJ @Q JQ^MIK@QGJN MQ FK_< ^GJ M@YQSMAJ _@^G@E =3 EH YMN@ZQ ?>>13=E 0>:7=3_ QFA ^D 6333 F^ HQK. FDY DSQ EMEDDB ==3736=933 @K ==37973=33

Yjv`sjn ED^MH td jstmik`sg tgj Akmss N HÂM men Adetrdk \dej, `ssujn 3> Muoust9.93==<

@ssujn 3> Muoust 93== mt 9333\<

SEQ3616 3>93333= OO AP\\D\JO 3>=0:0 APJOPFPW ===>9> ED^MHY ===>3> A\JO JNHDE^DE F@Y A\JO NMG @Q MHJENJN MQ FK_< AKMQQ N YJQDKZ^J HÂM @Q JQ^MIK@QGJN MQ FK_<

=0: ED^MHs rjaj`vjn frdh EMV AMEMNM



- 931 -

^GJ M@YQSMAJ _@^G@E 73 EH YMN@ZQ ?>>13=E 0>:7=3_ ?33 F^ MOK ^D FK933. FDY DSQ EMEDDB. FYJ] FDY DSQ EMEDDB< YJQDKZ^J ^HK< 997.:333 HG\ < =91.3?: HG\ OKD__DYH(H@K SMY)< 9>1.>333 HG\

< =97.7:3 HG\ YJQDKZ^J ^_Y< 916.:333 HG\ < =91.19: HG\ YJQDKZ^J OEN< 9>0.0333 HG\ < =97.0?: HG\ < =>0.=:3 HG\ ==37=3=133 @K ==37973=33 . . . . @ssujn 3> Muoust 93== mt 9336\< SEQ36>> 3>9336=1 OO AP\\D\JO 3>9336 APJOPFPW ===>9: ED^MHY ===>3: A\JO JNHDE^DE F@Y

A\JO NMG @Q MHJENJN MQ FK_< AKMQQ N YJQDKZ^J A^K \DEJ @Q JQ^MIK@QGJN MQ FK_< ^GJ M@YQSMAJ _@^G@E =3 EH YMN@ZQ ?>>13=E 0>:7=3_ QFA ^D 6333 F^ HQK. FDY DSQ EMEDDB ==37=3=133 @K ==37973=33

Yjv`sjn ED^MH td jstmik`sg tgj Akmss N Adetrdk \dej, `ssujn =9 Muoust 93==< 1.

@ssujn =9 Muoust 93== mt 911=\< SEQ37=3 =9911=:? OO AP\\DPYI =9911= APG]PEPW ==3=39 ED^MHE APYI YJQZKZ^J IMP

APYI NMG @Q MHJENJN MQ FK_< AKMQQ N YJQDKZ^J A^K \DEJ @Q JQ^MIK@QGJN MQ FK_< ^GJ M@YQSMAJ _@^G@E =3 EH YMN@ZQ ?>>13=E 0>:7=3_ QFA ^D 6333 F^ HQK. FDY DSQ EMEDDB ==37=3=133 @K ==37973=33



- 93> -

Mppjen`x W ‑ K`st df mardeyhs men miirjv`mt`des

7MAAQ 7 M`r Adetrdk men Adhhueàmt`des QqumnrdeMAA mrjm adetrdk ajetrjMN m`rwdrtgèjss n`rjat`vjMNF mutdhmtà n`rjat`de fènèoMN@ mtt`tunj n`rjatdr ènàmtdrmok midvj orduen kjvjkMK^ GDKN mkt`tunj gdknMDH m`rarmft dpjrmt`des hmeumkMS mutdp`kdt (sw`tag rjfjrrjn td ms M/S)MSN mpprdmag prdorjss n`spkmyMSZ mux`k`mry pdwjr ue`tMYFF m`rarmft rjsauj men f`rjfògtèomsk midvj sjm kjvjkMQY mrjm survj`kkmeaj rmnmr

MÂ m`r trmffà adetrdkMÂ HMEDSQ m`r trmffà adetrdk hmeumk df dpjrmt`desM^@Q mutdhmtjn tjrhèmk èfdrhmt`de systjhM^V mkk-tjrrmè vjgàkjMZ^D MSS mutd mpprdmagM__Q mv`mt`de wjmtgjr _ji s`tj

IAYQ imab adursj

³A njorjjs ajetòrmnjAMM Ze`tjn Bèondh A`v`k Mv`mt`de Mutgdr`ty

AMNDYQ A`v`k Mv`mt`de Nm`ky Daaurrjeaj Yjpdrtèo QystjhAMY Amemn`me Mv`mt`de Yjoukmt`des

AMYA A`v`k Mv`mt`de Yjoukmtdry Adhh`ttjjAMYQ adhhue`ty mjrdnrdhj rmn`d stmt`deAMQQ Adhhjra`mk M`r Qjrvàj QtmenmrnsAI Amhir`noj ImyANZ adetrdk n`spkmy ue`tAF@^ adetrdkkjn fkògt etd tjrrmèAVFY adetrdkkjn v`sumk fkògt rukjsADH adhpmey dpjrmt`des hmeumkAYH arjw rjsduraj hmemojhjet

AYH@ AYH èstruatdrAYH@J AYH èstruatdr jxmhèjrAVY adabp`t vdàj rjadrnjrA_Q adetrdk wgjjk stjjrèoAPYI Yjsdkutj Imy M`rpdrt (@etjremt`demk A`v`k Mv`mt`de Mssda`mt`de R@AMDX

kdamt`de njet`f`jr)APZW Gmkk IjmagAP\F Pjkkdwbe`fj M`rpdrt



- 93: -

A\ adetrdk zdej

NO n`rjat`demk oyrd (frjj oyrd)NHJ n`stmeaj hjmsurèo jqu`phjetNH@ njfjrrjn hmètjemeaj tjh

JM^H jxpjn`t`demry m`r trmffà hmemojhjetJOS_Q jegmeajn orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo systjhJK^ jhjrojeay kdamtdr trmesh`ttjrJSY jeoèj prjssurj rmt`dJQ^MS emhj df m OSQ emvòmt`demk wmypdètJ^M jst`hmtjn t`hj df mrr`vmkJZYDAMJ Jurdpjme Drome`smt`de fdr A`v`k Mv`mt`de Jqu`phjet

FMM Ze`tjn Qtmtjs Fjnjrmk Mv`mt`de Mnhè`strmt`deFMI6:63 F`rst M`r fkògt 6:63FMF fèmk mpprdmag f`x

FN fkògt n`rjatdrFNH fògt nmtm hde`tdrèoFNY fkògt nmtm rjadrnjrFK fkògt kjvjkFHQ fkògt hmemojhjet systjhFD f`rst dffàjrFDH fkògt dpjrmt`des hmeumkFD]M fkògt dpjrmt`demk qumk`ty mssurmeajFD^H fkògt dpjrmt`des trmèèo hmeumk fph fjjt pjr hèutj

OM od-mrduenOEQQ okdimk emvòmt`de smtjkk`tj systjhOSQ okdimk pds`t`deèo systjhOS_Q orduen prdx`h`ty wmreèo systjhOQ ok`njskdpj (sw`tagjs usj O/Q)

GNO GDKN gjmnèo gdknGNO DFF gjmnèo dffGNO QJK gjmnèo sjkjatGQ@ gdr`zdetmk s`tumt`de ènàmtdr

@AMD@FY

@etjremt`demk A`v`k Mv`mt`de Drome`zmt`deèstruhjet fkògt rukjs

@KQ èstruhjet kmenèo systjh@HA èstruhjet hjtjdrdkdoàmk aden`t`desè. Go èagjs df hjraury@YI 1-kjttjr `njet`f`jr fdr tgj Yjsdkutj Imy èstruhjet kmenèo systjh (@KQ)

trmesh`ttjr

LYAA ldèt rjsauj addrnèmt`de ajetrj



- 936 -

B@MQ bedts enàmtjn m`rspjjnB^MQ bedts truj m`rspjjn

KDA kdamk`zjrKDQM kèj dpjrmt`des smfjty mun`t

HMO hmoejtàHME hmeumkHAS hdnj adetrdk pmejk³H njorjjs hmoejtàHJ^MY rdutèj mv`mt`de wjmtgjr rjpdrtHF hmenmtdry frjqujeayHDNJ QJK hdnj sjkjat`deHÂM h`k`tmry tjrhèmk adetrdk mrjmHZQM^ emhj df m OSQ emvòmt`demk wmypdèt

emv-m`n emvòmt`demk m`nENM Edrtgjre Ndhjstà M`rspmajENI ede-n`rjat`demk ijmadeeh emutàmk h`kjsED^MH edtàj td m`rhjeED^MHA ED^MH ameajkkmt`deED^MHE ejw ED^MHED^MHY rjpkmajhjet ED^MHE^QI Ze`tjn Qtmtjs Emt`demk ^rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn

DFS dpjrmt`demk fkògt pkme

DÊJK emhj df m OSQ emvòmt`demk wmypdèt

SM puikà mnnrjssSMY prja`s`de mpprdmag rmnmrSMAJ M arjw adhhueàmt`de strmtjoy wgjrjiy p`kdts jhpkdy prdièo, mkjrtèo,

agmkkjeoèo, men jhjrojeay wmreèo hjssmojs td tgj dtgjr arjw hjhijr.SF p`kdt fkyèoS@A p`kdt-è-adhhmenS@ÂG AHN p`tag adhhmenSH p`kdt hde`tdrèoSEF p`kdt edt fkyèo

YI ENI Yjsdkutj Imy ede-n`rjat`demk ijmadeY@IZE emhj df m OSQ emvòmt`demk wmypdètYH@ rmn`d-hmoejtà enàmtdrYEMV mrjm emvòmt`de

sh stmtutj h`kjsQHQ smfjty hmemojhjet systjhQDSs stmenmrn dpjrmtèo prdajnurjs



- 93? -

QSJA@ spja`mk wjmtgjr rjpdrt

³^ njorjjs truj^MF mjrdnrdhj fdrjamst^M_Q tjrrmè mwmrjejss men wmreèo systjhÂ ^rmespdrt Amemnm

ÂM tjrhèmk adetrdk mrjm^JH tgrjmt men jrrdr hmemojhjet^DN tdp df njsajet^QI ^rmespdrtmt`de Qmfjty Idmrn

ZÂ ue`vjrsmk addrnèmtjn t`hj

VMSS mpprdmag spjjn (VYJF) adrrjatjn fdr wènVFY v`sumk fkògt rukjs

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