Research Paper

ResourcesBooks

Index, Table of Contents, ISBNEncyclopedias

Section headings, authorMagazines/Newspapers

Online vs. Print (ncwiseowl.org, sirs.com)Websites

Good? Bad?Five W’s of the World Wide Web

Works CitedTo acknowledge our sources (show where we

found the information)

To give our readers information to identify and consult our sources

To make sure our information is accurate

To show academic honesty

How to Cite Sources Book:

Author’s last name, author’s first name. Title of the book. Place of publication : Publisher, date. Print

Weatherford, Carole. Birmingham, 1963. Honesdale, Pennsylvania: Wordsong, 2007. Print

Encyclopedia: Author’s last name, author’s first name. “Title of the article.” Title

of the encyclopedia, edition (year). Print Cazorla-Sanchez, Antonio. “Spain.” Worldbook, 2011.

Article: Author Last Name, First Name. “Article Title,” Magazine. Date:

pages. Print Ferguson, Niall. “Europe’s Disaster is Headed our Way,”

Newsweek. 21 November, 2011: p. 16. Print Website

Author’s last name, author’s first name. Title or description of page. Date published or updated. Name of institutions or organization. Date you accessed the page. Web.

New Hampshire Public Television. Taiga. Nature Works. 2011. Accessed November 18, 2011. Web.

How to create works cited online

http://www.easybib.com/

http://www.bibme.org/

http://citationmachine.net/index2.php

Things to remember for note-takingNotes can be taken on index cards or

notebook paperIn the top right hand corner, put the

number of the source card Include page numbers while taking your

notes if the source is a book, newspaper, or magazine.

Types of NotesDirect QuotesParaphrasingSummaries

Tips for note takingMost of your notes should be summaries or

paraphrasing, avoid direct quotes.Make sure that summaries and paraphrases

accurately express the ideas in your sources.Be accurate. Make sure to copy direct

quotations word for word.Double check statistics and facts for accuracy.Distinguish between fact and opinion by labeling

opinions.When you are paraphrasing write the

information without looking at the original text, so you rely on your memory.

Quoting VS. ParaphrasingDirect Quote

“Ethiopia is one of the most mountainous countries in Africa. It contains two vast highland regions separated by the Great Rift Valley, a vast low-lying area that divides the country roughly in half.”

Paraphrased notes

Geography: Many mountainsTwo Mountain areas

separated by Great Rift Valley

GR Valley cuts through the middle of the county

How to Cite Within Your PaperAll information that is not your own work must be

cited. This includes anything that is a:

Direct QuoteParaphraseSummary

A good rule of thumb: If you didn’t know it before you began your research, it must be cited.

After each sentence or paragraph that is from one of your sources you include the author’s name and page number in parenthesis.

In-text Citation ExamplesDirect Quote:

“Ethiopia is one of the most mountainous countries in Africa. It contains two vast highland regions separated by the Great Rift Valley, a vast low-lying area that divides the country roughly in half” (Gish, 7).

Paraphrasing: Mountains make up the majority of the terrain in

Ethiopia. Other geographic features include the large Great Rift Valley which cuts through the middle of the country (Gish, 7).

DON’T FORGET TO CITE YOUR

SOURCES, IF YOU DON’T CITE IT IS

PLAGIARISM!