Upload
others
View
2
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
• To create self sustain agricultural production systems
• Develop stable and balance ecosystem
• Encourage all natural cycles (eg. Nutrients..)
• Protect soil, water, animals, plants and human health
• Stabilized economically viable production system in long run
Why Sustainable Agriculture is Needed
History
Organic movement began in the 1930s and 1940s in the modern world as areaction to agriculture's growing reliance on synthetic fertilizers.
We had a farming system beyond the Organic – Biodynamic
Vanished during the colonial era
Artificial fertilizers had been created during the 18th century, initially withsuperphosphates and then ammonia derived fertilizers mass-producedusing the Haber-Bosch process developed during World War I.
Sir Albert Howard is widely considered to be the “father of organicfarming”.
Rudolf Steiner , an Austrian philosopher, made important strides in theearliest organic theory with his biodynamic agriculture.
Organic is:– Environmental friendly
– Culturally sensitive
– Socially just and
– Economically viable
sustainable agricultural method with anefficient management system.
What is Organic
“ Organic Agriculture is a production system that sustains the
health of soil, ecosystem and people.
It relies on ecological processes, biodiversity and cycles adapted to local conditions, rather than the use of inputs with adverse effects.
Organic agriculture combines tradition, innovation and science to benefit the shared environment and promote fair relationship and a good quality of life for all involved.”
IFOAM Definition of Organic Agriculture
WhyOrganic ?
• Fresh organic produce contains on comparatively more vitamins, minerals, enzymes and other micro-nutrients than intensively farmed produce.
Going organic is the only practical way to avoid eating genetically modified (GM) food. And when you buy organic food, you are showing your mistrust of genetically modified food in perhaps the most effective way – with your money.
WhyOrganic ?
• Industrialized dairy farms use a lot of artificial pharmaceuticals. Dairy milk and products is linked to many illnesses
WhyOrganic ?
• Intensive farming can seriously damage farm workers’ and consumers health. So go organic if you care about other people, wherever they are.
WhyOrganic ?
CKDu, Glyphosat and Sri Lanka
“In an era where Sri Lanka is facing boundless health problems, moving forward an organic concept might be one solution for a healthy and sustainable future”
Chronic Kidny Disease of Unknown Etiology
WhyOrganic ?
Help in conserving the environment
• Organic inputs that don’t leave toxic residues in the soil and general environment
• It promotes biodiversity of crops and animals to ensure complete and sustainable ecological systems with each species complementing the other for common good of nature and man
WhyOrganic ?
• It has very strong advocacy arm that fights for sustainable system of farming that tries to replicate nature as closely as possible
• It encourages recycling of biodegradable materials e.g. organic matter is composted to fertilize the soils as well as get rid of hazardous rotting materials from the environment
Organic agriculture help in conserving the environment?
WhyOrganic ?
Distribution of organic agricultural land by region 2015
The ten countries with the largest areas of organic agricultural land 2015
Future Treands
• Gluten Free
• Vegan
• Herbs
• Raw food
• Functional Food ( Termaric, Coconut, Moringa)
• Biodynamic
Challenges in Organic Agriculture
• Low yield and high cost of productionQuality of traditional compost and plant inputs
• Change of MRLS and Detection sensitivity 0.1 mg/kg 0.01mg/kg 0.001mg/kg
• Role of scientists, labs and new findings (R&D)– Finding new chemical compounds– Increase the sensitivity level– Pollutants as a chemical residual (Biphenyl)– Poor understanding of naturally occurring chemicals and synthetic
chemicals (Anthraquinone and Poly alkaloids - PA)
Mnam, RAL, ITI
ITI - LC-MS/MS &ICP/MS for Food Analysis (in ppb)
Food – Sudan I, II, III, IV
(water) AflatoxinMelamine, DCDAntibiotic residues (Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol)HistamineMSGGlyposate30 common organic pesticides imported to the country80 other organic pesticides that are used in different
sectors including Ethaphone
Heavy Metal Analysis – all the metals including rear earth metalsin tea
Pesticide Residues and Heavy metal Analytical Facilities available at Industrial Technology Institute (ITI)
Present Scope of Accreditation Matrix Technique Category No of Parameters CAB
Water, WW, Seawater, Pool water
AAS/Flame, VGA, GTA
Heavy Metals 24 SLAB
Fish AAS/Flame, VGA, GTA
Heavy Metals 04 SLAB
Water, WW, Seawater, Pool water
GC Pesticide Residues
27 SLAB
Mnam, RAL, ITI
Future Expansion of Accreditation Scope
Matrix Technique Category No of Parameters CAB
Water ICP MS Heavy Metals 28 SLAB*
Wastewater ICP MS Heavy Metals 14 SLAB*
Inorganic Fertilizer
ICP MS Heavy Metals 09 SLAB*
Tea ICP MS Rare Earth Elements
17 Will apply for accreditation end of this year
* SLAB Evaluation completed and Recommended to grant Accreditation on October 2017
Mnam, RAL, ITI
Future Expansion of Accreditation ScopeMatrix Technique Category No of Parameters CAB
Water LC MSMS Pesticide Residues 23 SLAB*
Fruits and Vegetables
LC MSMS Pesticide Residues and Ethaphone
28 SLAB*
Fish and Fish based products
LC MSMS HistamineChloramphenicol
02 SLAB*
Spices LC MSMS Sudan dye (I, II, III and IV)
04 SLAB*
* SLAB Evaluation completed and Recommended to grant Accreditation on October 2017
Mnam, RAL, ITI
•Cross Contamination
•Less Institutional Support
•True Cost in Organic Products
(Is organic food price always higher than the conventional market price??)
•Guaranteed minimum income
• Social Recognition over chemical farming
Challenges in Organic Agriculture
The way forward for organic agriculture
• Policy formulation and legislation
• Incorporation of organic agriculture in syllabus at all levels
• Research to improve knowledge and relevant methods that will enhance productivity
• Development of common standards in organic agriculture
• Develop and strengthen local markets and export
• Home processing of organic products
More Productivity → More Sustainable Project
Improve Soil In-puts
New technology
High Yield
Immunity
Control loss & wastage
How to Increase Productivity
Research on increasing Productivity
We need a new concept of farming
Improve Soil and Plant In-
puts
New Technology
High Yield Immunity
How to Increase Productivity
Compost
An organic matter that has been decomposed and recycled as
a fertilizer and amendment.
Compost is a key ingredient in organic farming.
Bio fertilizer
A substance which contains livingmicroorganisms which, when applied
to seed, plant surfaces, or soil, colonizes the rhizosphere or the
interior of the plant and promotes growth by increasing the supply or availability of primary nutrients to
the host plant.
Compost vs. Bio-fertilizerHow to Increase Productivity…
Soil & Plant
inputs
Bio fertilizer microorganisms
New approachHow to Increase Productivity….
Inert carrier
Beneficial soil
microorganisms
Organic matter
Macronutrients
Micronutrients
Growth promoters
Immunity improving
components
Antibiotics etc
Bio Fertilizer
Compost
The Bio-fertilizer Microorganisms
Azotobacter – free living soil bacteria that can fix atmospheric nitrogen and store in them in soil.
Azospirillum – free living but closely associated with rhizosphere and fix atmospheric nitrogen and store in them in soil
Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, yeast and fungi – solubilize unusable phosphate
How to Increase Productivity….
Mycorrhza – symbiotic association with plant roots & increase area of absorption.
Trichoderma sp. – guard against pathogenic soil fungi (biopesticide)
Azolla ferm – symbiotic association of blue green algae with
Azolla fern in the leaves – fix atmospheric nitrogen
The Bio-fertilizer Microorganisms How to Increase Productivity….
Control Loss & wastageHow to Increase Productivity….
• Agricultural Production
• Post harvest handling & Storage
• Processing
• Distribution
• Consumption
Conclusion – Increase Productivity
Improved soil inputs with new technology can increase the yield thus productivity.
However, control on loss and wastage would increase benefit to the farmer project
Thus Food Security would be enhanced
As environmental friendly and organic farmers, we look
forward to a green productivity and for a sustainable
environment practices to ensure a safe future for our
future generations locally and globally.