Research Method on ELT 1

Ezis Japar Sidik

Things to discuss for today:

a. Classroom Rules

b. Assessment

c. Materials to be covered; and

d. Recommended readings

e. Introduction to Research Method

Classroom rules

• Attend at class on time (15 minutes late is still considered on time)

• Up to 80% of attendance

• Excuse should be informed in advance

• Claim sick should be accompany with health certificate (if more than 2-days-off )

• Those with attendance less than 80% might only receive D/E

Assessment

A. Details:1) Attendance 5 %, 2) Participation/Contribution to Class Discussion 10 %, 3) Evidence of Learning 10 %, 4) Research Outline 5%, 5) Research Proposal 25%, 6) Mid-Test 20%, and7) Final-test 25%.

B. Converted:ABS + TRSK : 25% (1 + 2 + 3)UTS : 25% (4 + 6)UAS : 50% (5 + 7)

Materials coveredWeek / Topics

1 Introduction: (Classroom rules & “What is meant by Research?”)2 Research approached in education. 3 Research problem. 4 Literature Review. 5 Research variables and Hypothesis. 6 Research Sampling. 7 Data collection Techniques/Data Instrument. 8 Mid-test (Research Outline is due this week)9 Validity and Reliability 10 Processing and analyzing data (Descriptive Statistics) 11 (Sampling) and Inferential Statistics 12 Experimental Research and Experimental Research Design (Types of

Experimental Research). 13 Ex Post Facto Research. 14 Correlational Research. 15 Survey Research. 16 Writing Proposal (for Quantitative Research) & Final test (Or as Scheduled)

Recommended readings1. Ari, D., Jacobs, L. C., Sorensen, C. & Razavieh, A.: Introduction to

Research in Education.

2. Burns, R. B.: Introduction to Research Method

3. Cohen, L., Manion, L. & Morrison, K: Research Method in Education

4. Khotari, C. R.: Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques

5. Nunan, David: Research Method in Language Learning

6. Fraenkel, J.R., Wallen, N.E. & Hyun, H.H: How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education

Research Methodology on ELT 1

• What is Research?

• Why do Research (Objectives)?

What is meant by research?

• Refers to a search for knowledge/information; is a scientific & systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic; is an art of scientific investigation (Khotari, 2004)

• is a systematic investigation to find answers to a problem (Burns, 1994)

• Thus, what are the differences research and daily search of information?

What is meant by scientific / systematic?

• Research comprises defining and redefining problems, formulating hypothesis/suggested solutions; collecting, organizing, and evaluating data; making deductions & reaching conclusions; and at last carefully testing the conclusions to determine whether they fit the formulating hypothesis (Woody in Khotari, 2004)

Why do Research?

• Objectives:– Search for (problem) solutions– Contribute to knowledge– Test hypothesis

Types of research

(i) Descriptive vs. Analytical:

(ii) Applied vs. Fundamental

(iii) Quantitative vs. Qualitative

(iv) Conceptual vs. Empirical

(v) One-time research or longitudinal research

(vi) Field-setting research or laboratory research or simulation research

(vii) Clinical or diagnostic research

Research Approach

• Qualitative vs. Quantitative approaches:– Qualitative approach involves the generation

of data in quantitative form which can be subjected to rigorous quantitative analysis in a formal and rigid fashion.

– Qualitative approach to research is concerned with subjective assessment of attitudes, opinions and behaviour