Thermal AnalysisAcquisition of thermophysical data

developApplication-oriented and business-related research and development take place within the so-called Industrial Collective Research and by direct order of the industry. Focus is the development and optimization of proce-dures and processes as well as their adaptati-on to the requirements of specifi c application fi elds.

measureMaterial testing and layer characterization are the focus of the services off ered to indus-try, small and medium-sized enterprises, public clients and private individuals. The experience and independence of the fem are the foundations for the high quality of all reports and failure analysis.

researchResearch projects are sponsored by the State of Baden-Württemberg, the Federal Govern-ment and the European Union. Of particular importance is the national and international cooperation with industry, universities and reseach facilities. This cooperation refl ects the high scientifi c level and is the basis for their continuous development.

Since 1922 the fem is the world’s only independent Institute for Precious Metals Research. The aim of our research in the fi elds of materials science and surface technology is to develop pioneering solutions for the industry.

research, develop, measure. Since 1922.

03/

19fem | Forschungsinstitut Edelmetalle + Metallchemie

Katharinenstraße 17 | 73525 Schwäbisch Gmünd | Germany

Phone +49 7171 1006-0 | Fax +49 7171 1006-900

info@fem-online.de | www.fem-online.de

Director: Dr. Andreas Zielonka

Member of Innovationsallianz Baden-Württemberg innBW | Deutschen Industrie-

forschungsgemeinschaft Konrad Zuse e.V. | AiF Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller

Forschungsvereinigungen „Otto von Guericke“ e.V.“

Test laboratory accredited by DAkkS according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025.

Accreditation is only valid for the scope of accreditation specifi ed in the attached

document D-PL-14368-01-00.

THERMAL ANALYSIS

The following tests are available in the thermal analysis laboratory:> Detection of thermophysical eff ects over a wide temperature range

from −150 °C to +1850 °C> Measurement of characteristic transformation heats > Identifi cation of condensation and oxidation processes > Determination of heat capacities of metallic alloys and polymers > Detection of the glass transition of polymers and metallic glasses > Thermal expansion of solids within the liquid phase> Wetting behavior of metallic liquids

For research and industry this results in the following possibilities:> Complements the characterization of metallic alloys> Determination of melting and crystallization temperature,

e.g. of alloys used in dental technology > Investigation of solid-solid phase transitions of shape memory alloys > Detection of order transitions and precipitation processes> Support of parameter studies of investment casting processes

(jewelry and dental technology) > Failure analysis of coating materials (e.g determination of glass

transition temperature)> Characterization of products an materials> Determination of the wettability of investment materials

Short explanation of the technical terms and measurement methodsTG Thermogravity: Measurement of weight loss over temperature and time / DTA Diff erential thermal analysis: Detection of solidus (TS) and liquidus (TL ) temperature / DSC Dynamic scanning calorimetry: In addition to the characteristic temperatures TS and TL the caloric values as melting and crystallization enthalpy can be determined; measurement of specifi c heat capacity (Cp) / Cp Heat capacit: Amount of heat that a system can absorb

STA (by Netzsch)

DTA 404 (by Netzsch)

Open oven section of STA DSC sample holder with melting droplet Oven section of the dilatometry with an Al2O3 sample holder

Technical data > Sample holder systems: DTA, DSC, Cp, TG > DTA and DSC method can be used

simultaneously to TG > Oven: max. 1500 °C> Heating/cooling rates: 1–20 K/min > Atmosphere: Argon in balance

sector; Argon, nitrogen or synthetic air in oven sector

Applications > Characterization of alloys up to

1500 °C> Determination of the melting

and crystallization temperature DIN EN 51004 with corresponding transformation heat

> Testing for Dentistry DIN EN ISO 22674> Investigation of phase transition

and precipitation kinetics > Measurement of weight loss

DSC 204 F1 Phoenix (by Netzsch)

Technical data > Sample holder systems: DTA, DSC, Cp, TG> Oven: max. 1550 °C> Heating/cooling rates: 1–20 K/min > Atmosphere: Argon in oven

sector

Applications > Determination of melting and

heating temperatures DIN EN 51004> High temperature melting alloys

(eg. CoCr based dental alloys DIN EN ISO 22674

> Novel alloys used in jewelry (e.g. Pt based)

Technical data > Temperature range:

−180 to +700 °C > Sensitivity: 3 – 3,5 µV/mW> Heating rate:

0,001 – 200 K/min > Atmosphere: Nitrogen or Argon

in oven sectorApplications > Determination of the glass

transition temperature and step height DIN EN ISO 11357-2

> Determination of melting and

crystallization temperature and enthalpy DIN EN ISO 11357-3

> Determination of specifi c heat capacity of metals and polymers DIN EN ISO 11357-4

> Determination of characteristic reaction temperatures, times and enthalpies DIN EN ISO 11357-5

> Evaluation of cross-linking degree of coating materials

> Characterization of polymers, metallic glass and shape memory alloys

Dilatometer 402 C (by Netzsch)Technical data > Oven: max. 1550 °C> Sample holder systems:

- silicat glass < 900 °C - Al2O3 up to 1680 °C

> Heating rate: 5 K/min (common) > Atmosphere: Argon or synthetic air

in oven sector

Applications > Main application temperature

range 25 – 1500 °C> Samples of diff erent materials

(metallic, ceramic, mineral) and production processes (full material, sintered, etc)

> Determination of thermal expan-sion coeffi cients (𝛼) DIN 51045-1

Sessile drop measurement (by fem)Technical data> Oven: max. 1800 °C> Heating rate: ca. 10 K/min> High temperature ratio pyrometer > Atmosphere: Vacuum/Argon> Software: Dataphysic

Applications > Sessile drop measurement up to

the temperature of 1800 °C (e.g. Pt based alloys)

LABORATORY EQUIPMENT

CONTACTM. Sc. Lisa-Yvonn Schmitt | +49 7171 1006-703 | schmitt@fem-online.deM. Eng. Christof Langer | +49 7171 1006-500 | langer@fem-online.de

DSC heating and cooling curves with measured weight loss and temperature display of fi ne gold