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Requirements Towards Contractors and Service Providers with Regard to Environmental and Health and Safety Matters
Introduction
Environmental management at Landsvirkjun
Landsvirkjun‘s Safety Policy
Requirements and requests directed to contractors and service providers
Land disturbance and treatment of the ecosystem and nature
Courses on environmental matters
Environmental mishaps- notification
Utilisation of groundwater- cold water
Water and soil pollution
Fossil fuels and the greenhouse effect
SF6 emissions from electrical equipment
General waste
Materials selection
Toxic substances and hazardous substances
Handling toxic substances and hazardous substances
Storing substances and hazardous substances
Packaging for toxic substances and hazardous substances
Warning labels
Substances prohibited by Landsvirkjun
Safety data sheets for toxic substances and hazardous substances
Hazardous substances
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Table of contents
Appearance- visual impact
Noise
Requirements set out by Landsvirkjun for contractors and service agents with regard to health and safety and worker protection issues
Safety, health and working environment plan
Work permits
Nomination and responsibility of security officer
Safety training of employees
Requirements regarding first aid
Requirements regarding clean-up and finishing touches at worksites
Tobacco and controlled substances
Notification of accidents, damage or potential danger
Violation sanctions
Requirements regarding personal protective equipment
Requirements regarding vehicles
Requirements regarding fire protection and orderliness on site
Requirements regarding electrical work
Requirements regarding work at fall heights
Requirements with regard to lifting
Requirements regarding work in high- temperature fields
Requirements regarding work in closed spaces
Requirements with regard to the handling and use of hazardous materials
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IntroductionLandsvirkjun's role is to maximise the potential yield and value of the natural resources we have been entrusted with, in a sustainable, responsible and efficient manner.
In Iceland, Landsvirkjun is a leader in the generation of electricity via the utilisation of renewable energy sources. Landsvirkjun's operations are certified according to the ISO 9001 Quality Standard, the ISO 14001 Environmental Management System and the OHSAS 18001.
Many contractors are involved in the Company's operations. They work both independently and in cooperation with our staff on various contracts. It is evident that a coordinated effort and successful collaboration creates a positive result and gives Landsvirkjun's management the opportunity to set objectives with regard to health and safety, alongside other matters pertaining to the Company's management.
We hereby welcome you into the partnership that continually strives to make Landsvirkjun the best energy provider in Iceland.
At Landsvirkjun we make green energy a reality.
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Environmental management at Landsvirkjun
Landsvirkjun operates according to a certified environmental management system conforming to the ISO 14001 standard and has established an environmental policy (confer STE-26, "The Landsvirkjun Environmental Affairs Policy").
Further information on environmental issues on pages. 10-27.
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It is the policy of Landsvirkjun:
> To operate in harmony with the ecosystem and nature, in construction projects and regular operations.
> To reduce greenhouse gas emissions in its operations and to become a carbon-neutral company.
> To reduce its use of toxic substances and hazardous substances and to avoid causing any risks due to such substances.
> To reduce amounts of hazardous waste.
> To reduce the amount of waste from its operations.
> To increase the use of renewable resources in every task relating to design and construction.
> To keep environmental disturbance during the construction phase at a minimum and to guarantee proper clean-up and restoration measures at the end of each project.
> To record any environmental mishap.
> For every employee, contractor and service provider to receive appropriate instructions and education on environmental matters before a project begins.
Landsvirkjun's Safety Policy
One of Landsvirkjun's objectives is to make the company a safe, accident-free workplace, where employee safety is a guiding principle. The same holds for other workplaces where projects are being carried out for Landsvirkjun by people other than company employees. Therefore, the following rules apply to any contractors and their subcontractors who are working for Lands-virkjun. Landsvirkjun puts a strong emphasis on safety issues and wants its contractors to comply with all acts, regulations and rules regarding workplace safety and health, such as the Act on Working Conditions, Health and Safety in the Workplace, No. 46/1980, as subsequently amended; the regulations on facili-ties, hygienic practices and safety measures for construction work sites and other short-term construction, numbered 547/1996; and Regulation No. 920/2006 on the organisation and implemen-tation of health and safety at workplaces. The same applies to any other Icelandic acts, regulations or rules in effect at any time that relate to the task in any way, even if they are not specif-ically mentioned here. In addition, contractors shall comply with the rules and requests which are presented by Landsvirkjun in this document and which are conceivably more extensive than the general requirements established by the legislature and executive powers. In any case, the rules of Landsvirkjun are not exhaustive in regard to contractor responsibilities and obligations and do not transfer responsibility for safety matters from a contractor onto Landsvirkjun.
Further information on safety issues on pages 28-49.
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It is Landsvirkjun's policy:
> To prevent the occurence of incidents and accidents.
> To monitor and fulfil any legal requirements in Landsvirkjun's operations pertaining to health and safety issues and the work-ing environment.
> To ensure that response measures for incidents are available and that these responses are implemented in an organised manner.
> To maintain the education and training of Landsvirkjun's employees and other employees in order to ensure success in safety and work environment matters.
> To promote the health and wellbeing of employees, a positive work environment and working conditions.
> To promote cooperation and communication between manage-ment and employees on safety matters.
> To ensure purposeful management on health and safety and work environment matters.
> To set measurable objectives with regard to health and safety and work environment matters.
> To ensure that Landsvirkjun's management make a commit-ment to actively presenting and implementing health and safety and work environment matters.
This policy shall be revised annually to ensure that it remains in keeping with Landsvirkjun's priorities and operations.
Requirements and requests directed to contractors and service providers with regard to the environment
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Land disturbance and treatment of the ecosystem and nature
Ground disturbance due to construction activity can be diverse. Off-road driving and various investigations can result in irrevers-ible damage to nature. It is Landsvirkjun’s policy that its conduct is in harmony with nature and the ecosystem and all potential disturbances are minimised.
> No ground disturbance is permitted outside the parameters of a construction site, and unnecessary ground disturbance inside of an authorised construction site is to be avoided. Off-road driving is prohibited.
Recommendation
X Vulnerable aspects of the wildlife and nature near a construc-tion site, such as bird-nesting areas and spawning areas in rivers and streams must be given special consideration. More detailed requests may be found in the environmental impact assessment documents for the project concerned, if available, or in the tender documents.
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Courses on environmental matters
Landsvirkjun's policy calls for every employee, contractor and ser-vice provider to receive appropriate instruction on environmental matters before a project begins.
> Prior to the commencement of work, Landsvirkjun s repre-sentative is to assess whether personnel of the contractors and service providers concerned need to attend a special course on environmental matters, under the auspices of Landsvirkjun.
Environmental mishaps – notification
It is the policy of Landsvirkjun to record any environmental mishap in order to prevent such mishaps in the future.
> In the event of an environmental mishap, the contractor or service provider shall preclude the source of pollution and prevent it from entering the environment or spreading further.
> The contractor or service provider shall phone Iceland's emergency number 112, whenever the pollution or envi-ronmental damage is of such proportions that the pollution cannot be cleaned up immediately.
> The contractor or service provider shall also notify Landsvirk-jun s representative of the incident, as well as the appropriate public health and environment office.
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Utilisation of groundwater - cold water
During construction and in Landsvirkjun´s operations, groundwater is used both for cooling and human consumption. Landsvirkjun has a policy of harmonising its conduct with nature and the biosphere.
> It shall be ensured that no groundwater becomes contaminated.
Recommendation
X Care shall be taken to keep water extraction to a moderate level, so as to limit the effects on the ecosystem, habitat quality as well as on vegetated areas.
X The preservation of water quality is heavily emphasised, par-ticularly by avoiding the contamination of groundwater when handling toxic substances and hazardous substances.
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Water and soil pollution
Operations of contractors and service providers may pollute water and soil if care is not taken. It is the policy of Landsvirkjun to op-erate in harmony with the ecosystem and nature, in construction projects and regular operations.
> Polluting any water or soil is prohibited.
> It is forbidden to release oil and oil products into water, groundwater or soil.
> Should any pollution reach soil, such soil shall immediately be removed and delivered to a recognized waste recipient or treated in compliance with instructions from the relevant public health and environment authority.
> It is forbidden to discharge toxic or hazardous substances, for instance oil products and turpentine, into drain or sewage system.
> Sedimentation and septic tanks shall have sufficient capacity for the purposes intended, and this must be demonstrated by calculations and subsequent monitoring.
> The amount of oil sludge in oil separators and the amount of sediments in septic tanks must be checked regularly. Such separators and tanks shall be emptied as required for efficient functioning. Emptying shall be carried out by approved con-tractors.
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> Should toxic or hazardous substances be spilled, they must promptly be prevented from entering wastewater systems by all means, such as by using absorbent materials and/or rubber mats to close drains.
> A plan must be presented for monitoring effluents and check-ing oil separators and septic tanks.
Recommendation
X In order to increase the effectiveness of oil separators, it is desirable to use tar removers suitable for oil separators.
X In order to ensure the functioning of septic tanks, it is desirable to use only cleaning agents that are not detrimental to tank effectiveness.
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Fossil fuels and the greenhouse effect
The burning of fossil fuels results in the release of greenhouse gases. It is the policy of Landsvirkjun to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in its operations and to become a carbon-neutral company.
> Vehicles and machinery that are subject to inspection shall be taken to inspection as prescribed by regulations, thereby ensuring that their exhaust emissions remain within permissible limits.
> At each work site, operations must be managed in such a way as to constantly to minimise the likelihood of fuel spill during the filling of tanks, equipment and machinery.
> In every mobile machine, there shall be absorbent mats or other approved tools and materials for removing any oil that may leak out or spill. Any such leakage or spill is to be cleaned up immediately.
> Should this involve a significant amount (over 50 litres), Landsvirkjun s representative and the appropriate authorities shall be notified. Oil tanks shall fulfil regulations in force at any time. Tanks must be positioned and protected in such a way as to minimie the risk of being hit and damaged.
> In cases of transporting loads with greater quantities of diesel than 1000 litres (without any unit being permitted to exceed 450 litres) or over 333 litres of petrol/gasoline, a special license (ADR) is needed for such transport from the Adminis-tration of Occupational Safety and Health (Vinnueftirlitið).
> Contractors and service providers must submit a summary of fossil-fuel use for logging in Landsvirkjun's green accounts.
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Recommendation
X The use of green vehicles; vehicles that do not burn fossil fuels and/or release<120gCO2/km (passenger vehicles) or <250g CO2/km (SUVs).
X Employees shall drive in such a manner as to minimise fuel consumption and pollution.
X The use of engine heaters in vehicles is encouraged.
X The engines of vehicles or construction equipment are not to be kept running when idle, except in special situations.
X The maintenance of mechanical equipment must be such as to ensure it does not cause emission of unnecessary smoke or soot.
SF6 emissions from electrical equipment
As one of the most potent greenhouse gases known, the impor-tation of sculpture hexafluoride (SF6) is prohibited according to current regulations, except for use in switchgear and electrical equipment. It is Landsvirkjun’s policy to prevent the release of greenhouse gases.
> In order to reduce the risk of leakage, all electrical equipment containing SF6 shall have pressure sensors, and contractors and service providers shall be certified according to regulations and employ procedures which minimise the risk of leakage from electrical equipment. Contractors must have a response plan ready in the event of a leak occurring.
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General waste
General waste means any waste other than hazardous waste. Landsvirkjun has a policy of reducing the amount of waste from its operations.
> Insofar as possible, waste shall be sorted for recycling.
> All waste shall be disposed of at a recognized waste recipient. A permit must be sought from Landsvirkjun for the re-use of a certain type of waste (such as wood or metal) instead of handing it over to a recognised waste recipient.
> If waste produced through the activities of contractors or service providers is to be delivered to a Landsvirkjun s site of operations, it must be sorted according to the environmental management guidelines of that particular site of operations.
> Contractors shall submit information to Landsvirkjun s repre-sentative on the quantity of waste accumulating in each project.
> Waste must be stored in containers or in a manner which ensures that it neither blows away nor pollutes the soil.
Recommendation
X Contractors and service providers are encouraged to minimize the formation of waste and to sort it in a proper manner.
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Materials selection
It is the policy of Landsvirkjun to minimise greenhouse gas emissions and to increase the use of renewable resources in every task relating to design and construction.
Recommendation
X To control tasks and apply procedures which improve the utilisation of materials and reduce consumption.
X To use renewable energy and resources
X To make use of materials which can be re-used or recycled
X To choose products and services that are certified as environmentally friendly
X To use durable, wear-resistant materials
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Toxic substances and hazardous substances
It is the policy of Landsvirkjun to reduce the use of toxic sub-stances and hazardous substances and to avoid causing any risks due to the use of such substances. Toxic and hazardous substances are labelled with a warning and/or risk phrases along with a warning label, pursuant to a definition in laws.
> The use of toxic substances is to be avoided and the use of hazardous substances to be reduced insofar as possible.
> The contractor or service provider must submit a list of all toxic and hazardous substances to be used in the work to a Landsvirkjun representative at the beginning of work, togeth-er with safety data sheets for all of these substances.
> Before starting work with such substances, a risk assessment shall be submitted for the materials to be used.
Handling toxic substances and hazardous substances
> Contractors and service providers must have licenses required by regulations on the purchase and use of toxic substances in the classes very toxic (Tx) and toxic (T).
> The handling and use of these substances shall conform to the safety data sheets, and safety equipment shall be at hand during use.
> The discharge of these substances into the environment, sewage systems or drains is prohibited.
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> Any surplus substances shall be turned in at a hazardous waste collection point, along with any packaging for toxic substances.
Storing toxic substances and hazardous substances
> Toxic substances, hazardous substances and goods containing such substances shall always be stored in a secure and safe manner, where no unauthorised persons have access.The choice of the storage space must ensure that these substances do not enter any drains, and they must be stored in a well-ven-tilated space.
Packaging for toxic substances and hazardous substances
> Transfer of toxic substances or hazardous substances into other than original containers is prohibited unless it is ensured that the packaging is suitable for the relevant substance and is marked in accordance with rules on such markings.
> No packaging that is specially designed for a toxic substance or hazardous substance may be used for any other purpose.
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Two types of hazard labels are valid until June 1, 2015
GHS02-Keep away from heat and flame. No smoking in close proximity. Keep container sealed and keep in dry, ventilated area. Recommend use of protective eyewear.
GHS01-Keep away from heat and open fire. No smoking in close proximity. Recommend use of protective eyewear. Familiarise yourself with storage and disposal of product.
GHS03-Keep away from heat and flame. No smoking in close proximity. Keep away from flammable materials. Recommend use of protective gloves and eyewear.
T
O
Tx
F
Xn
Fx
Xi
C
E
N
POISONOUS HIGHLYPOISONOUS
HIGHLYPOISONOUS
OXIDIZINGAGENT
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE
DANGEROUS TO THE ENVIRONMENT
IRRITANT
FLAMMABLE CORROSIVE
EXPLOSIVE
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GHS04-Pressurised gas must be kept in well-ventilated area and protected from sunlight. Make sure all connective equipment is sealed properly.
GHS06-Product not usually found in domestic dwellings and generally requires a purchase license. Handling and usage requires breathing equip-ment, protective gloves, protective eyewear and specific clothing. Poisonous materials must be kept in secure storage. Containers and contents shall be disposed of in accordance with current regulations.
GHS05-Wear protective gloves and eyewear. Avoid inhalation.
GHS07-Assessed in accordance with estimated danger. Recommend use of protective gloves and eyewear. Avoid inhalation if any danger of corrosive agents, sedative or dizziness.
GHS08-Avoid inhalation: Use protective gloves and eyewear. Containers and contents shall be disposed of in accordance with current regulations.
GHS09-Avoid contact with environment. Do not dispose of in drains unless the product is labelled as appropriate. Containers and contents shall be disposed of in accordance with current regulations.
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Substances prohibited by Landsvirkjun
> The following substances are prohibited by Landsvirkjun: Any substances that are prohibited by regulations (REACH). See also: http://www.ust.is/atvinnulif/efni/bonn-og-tak-markanir/ and/orhttp://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUr-iServ.do?uri=CONSLEG:2006R1907:20120605:EN:PDF.
> In the case of substances, according to regulations (REACH) are subjected to restrictions on use of, an application shall be submitted to Landsvirkjun representative who shall forward the application to Landsvirkjun s Environmental department for decision. The application must provide reasons for choos-ing that substance. Information must be presented on the amount of substance to be used, the project component it is to be used in, and the methods for using and handling it.
Safety data sheets for toxic substances and hazardous substances
> Safety data sheets (cf. relevant regulations) shall be on hand at the place of use for all toxic substances and hazardous substances in use. The contractor’s safety officer shall have a record of all safety data sheets on toxic and hazardous substances to be used in the particular work. Landsvirkjun s representative shall at all times have an easy access to this record, cf. also article 3.3.1.1, Safety data sheets can be ob-tained free of charge from the supplier of any such substance.
> Safety data sheets must be in Icelandic, as well as in a lan-guage that foreign personnel can understand.
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Hazardous substances
Hazardous waste is waste containing a toxic substance or haz-ardous substance. Examples of hazardous waste include petro-leum products, waste oil, paint products, oil-soaked waste, oil filters, cleaning agents, acids, cuttings, vehicle or other batteries, and surplus chemicals. Landsvirkjun has a policy of reducing its amounts of hazardous waste.
> Hazardous waste must be kept separate from other waste and be handed over to a recognised waste recipient.
> The storage of hazardous waste must be such that there is no risk of polluting the environment. Different substances must be kept separate and in their original packaging. If hazardous waste is transferred to a bottle or another container, it must be labelled with information on the substance's hazardous properties (e.g. flammable, irritant), its type (petroleum prod-uct, paint, solvent, etc.). Only secure, dependable packaging appropriate for the particular substance should be used.
> The contractor shall submit records to Landsvirkjun s rep-resentative on the disposal of hazardous waste, identifying the type and quantity of waste, and keep copies of the waste disposal certificates.
> Any contractor or service provider in doubt as to whether a substance is considered hazardous waste shall seek informa-tion from the recognised waste recipient, the regional public health and environment authority or the Environmental Agency of Iceland.
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Appearance - visual impact
Any man-made structure causes a visual impact on the environment. Landsvirkjun has a policy of keeping environmental disturbance dur-ing the construction phase at a minimum and of guaranteeing proper clean-up and restoration at the end of each project.
> The provisions of the project specifications must be observed concerning finishing work of permanent structures, borrow pits or quarry areas, spoil areas, construction camp areas, and other facilities areas.
> During the construction phase, cleanliness and order must be guaranteed on the construction site.
Recommendation
X In design and construction, the aim shall be to integrate per-manent structures into the landscape insofar as possible and to tidy up the site when construction is complete.
NoiseIt is Landsvirkjun’s policy that its conduct is in harmony with nature and the ecosystem.
> A contractor at an operation site shall take care to fulfil the requirements set by current regulations on noise levels. The regulation criteria are 70 dB in the case of industrial zones, 50 dB where outdoor recreation occurs near the construction site and 45 dB near vacation houses.
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Recommendation
X When work takes place in vulnerable areas or during sensi-tive seasons, for instance during nesting, operations must be arranged to minimise disruption.
X Preventive measures shall be used to keep noise levels within acceptable limits, such as using mufflers to decrease the noise from boreholes and exhaust pipes and by organising the task (if applicable) in such a way that the project components causing the highest noise level are executed at times when the impact will be at minimum.
X The maintenance of vehicles and machinery must be managed so that they cause minimal noise and meet the requirements of traffic noise rules from the Administration of Occupational Safety and Health.
X The attention of contractors and service providers is hereby especially drawn towards respecting the Environmental Agency's request to reduce noise during the peak tourist season.
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Requirements set out by Landsvirkjun for contractors and service agents with regard to health and safety and worker protection issues
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Safety, health and working environment plan
During the design and preparatory stage of a project, the cli-ent shall take measures to allow for the possibility of ensuring complete safety and good facilities and sanitary practices during the execution of the project. At the preparatory stage, the client is responsible for working on or seeing to the preparation of a safety, health and environment plan (SHE plan).
> Consistency must exist between this SHE plan and the SHE plan and risk analysis that the contractor has to prepare during the construction phase, with the stipulation that the contractor present such a plan at the start of the project.
Work permits
Landsvirkjun or its representative shall supervise the project on site. The company shall appoint a coordinator of safety and health measures, in compliance with current acts and regulations.
> When working on the premises of a power station that is in operation, the contractor must acquire a project permit from the station manager or her/his representative, using the form VKL-55, Verkleyfi.
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Nomination and responsibility of security officer
The contractor shall designate a safety officer(s) and shall arrange for an election of safety stewards. This election must occur at the start of the project and the contractor must submit information on these matters and on the number of personnel to Landsvirkjun and the Administration of Occupational Safety and Health (AOSH). .
> Together with the contractor's SHE officer, the above-men-tioned employees shall serve as communication and liaison officers with Landsvirkjun in the field of safety concerns for as long as the project lasts.
> A contractor's SHE officer is required to have a vocational education or comparable education as a minimum and to be familiar with worker protection issues. In the case of major projects, a safety committee must be kept active, in compli-ance with the applicable rules.
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Safety training of employees
> Before starting to work on site, every employee of the con-tractor must be ascertained to have received appropriate safety training, with the contractor demonstrating to Lands-virkjun that such training has occurred.
> Crew leaders are required to review safety concerns with their personnel every day and to make sure that everyone is conscious of their own safety and that of others.
> All personnel at a construction site need to be aware of and follow the emergency response plan for that construction site.
> Whenever necessary, the coordinator for safety measures shall introduce emergency response plans, in all cases taking note of the individual emergency response plans of every contractor on site.
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Requirements regarding first aid
> At each work site, there shall be employees who have attended a first-aid course and know how to respond in case of emergency.
> The contractor shall see to having the proper equipment for emergency help on hand, such as a first-aid kit.
> Should an accident or emergency arise, the general emer-gency number, 112, shall be called. The following prioritisation shall be followed in such instances:
1. Assure safety at the location
2. Give emergency help
3. Give notification of the incident
4. Provide general first aid
> A person calling the emergency number, 112, must speak calmly and plainly, telling the exact location, a telephone number and name; s/he should describe the incident and state the number of injured people and their condition..
> Larger working sites shall initially outline work areas and deliver this information to the emergency services so that the area in question can be located immediately when necessary.
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Requirements regarding clean-up and finishing touches at worksites
> A worksite shall be demarcated and unauthorised traffic onto it obstructed insofar as possible. Where work occurs in or by a traffic artery, the site shall be indicated in accordance with the laws and regulations on markings for worksites, cf. the Road Administration and the relevant local authority or proprietor of the road.
> On project completion, the development site shall be tidied and left in accordance with the conditions appearing in the tender documents and project contract. Signs and obstructions that might cause
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Tobacco and controlled substances
> Smoking is forbidden on those Landsvirkjun premises that are covered by the Tobacco Control Act.
> The consumption of any narcotics or strong alcohol is strictly and entirely prohibited, and no one under the influence of al-cohol or narcotics shall be permitted access to the premises, vehicles or worksites of Landsvirkjun.
Notification of accidents, damage or potential danger
> A contractor is obligated to notify Landsvirkjun of circum-stances that might create danger and to take measures for avoiding accidents and losses.
> A worker's immediate superior shall be notified of every accident, and it must be handled and recorded as soon as possible, irrespective of its seriousness.
> A contractor is obligated to prepare a summary of all ac-cidents, dangerous incidents and losses to machinery and equipment and to turn the summary in to Landsvirkjun.
> The causes of work accidents shall be analysed and remedied immediately, so as to prevent their recurrence.
> In addition, the AOSH, Consumer Agency (in instances of electrical accidents) and the police must be notified of an accident as promptly as possible.
> These notifications shall reach the appropriate parties within 24 hours, cf. the currently applicable provisions.
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> Project meetings shall review the hazardous situations, accidents and mishaps which have occurred since the previous meeting.
> Landsvirkjun is to be informed immediately of any notifiable accident.
Violation sanctions
> In instances of violations relating to occupational safety, health and environment, Landsvirkjun reserves the right to impose sanctions.
> If finalised agreements and/or tender specifications do not deal with such sanctions, the Landsvirkjun representative for safety concerns shall be authorised to decide in each case what sanctions to apply.
> In cases of extremely grave violations, immediate expulsion of an employee from the site is permissible if she/he has demonstrated reprehensible behaviour.
> Landsvirkjun reserves the right to postpone payments until safety issues that are wanting have been rectified. Should a contractor not comply with warnings, Landsvirkjun may cancel the agreement between them.
> Sanctions shall always be stated in writing and be signed by a Landsvirkjun representative for safety concerns.
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Requirements regarding personal protective equipment
The contractor shall make sure that her/his employees always use suitable personal protective equipment that is in accordance with the risk analysis of the particular project. Moreover, the contractor shall ensure that her/his employees have been trained in using personal protective equipment and that they use it whenever required by rules or regulations, in order to prevent any health damage. The personal protective equipment must display CE marks and comply with current rules.
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> Ear protectors - Ear protectors shall always be worn in noisy places (cf. AOSH requirements).
> Work clothes - Employees must wear protective clothing or safety vests that meet standards on visibility and, whenever appropriate, clothing that protects against burns and other mishaps.
> Breathing masks - When using solvents or oth-er substances that may emit hazardous fumes, breathing masks must be worn. Breathing masks must also be worn where dust pollution occurs, for instance in underground tunnels.
> Safety helmets - Safety helmets are mandatory for all construction work.
> Safety goggles and face shields - Safety goggles and face shields must be used for work where there is a risk of eye injury and where machinery or equipment may cast particles or shavings.
> Protective footwear - During construction work, personnel shall always wear protective footwear
> Safety belts and safety lines - Where a danger of falling exists, suitable safety belts with safety lines must always be used (see also Section 8).
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Requirements regarding vehicles
> A contractor is responsible for all of the equipment, machin-ery and tools she/he owns and shall make certain that their condition fulfils the stipulations of acts and regulations. All heavy machinery and equipment shall have a current inspection certificate.
> Vehicle and machinery operators must have the prescribed credentials for operating the equipment concerned, a driving licence and/or a licence issued by the AOSH.
> The greatest possible caution must be exercised while oper-ating machinery, and it is desirable that drivers be guided by an assistant while backing heavy machinery.
> The contractor bears responsibility for machinery controls and safety equipment being in order and for the secure fas-tening of loads.
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> When leaving a vehicle, it shall be left behind in keeping with the rules at the operations site involved. As for lifts, they shall be left with the lift forks in their lowest position.
> The transport of passengers using vehicles or machinery is prohibited unless there is a special seat intended for the passenger(s).
> All machinery shall be equipped with lights and any other equipment which is expected of equipment used for driving in traffic.
> Lifting people with machinery that has not been approved by the AOSH for that purpose is strictly prohibited.
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Requirements regarding fire protection and orderliness on site
> Contractors working in or by Landsvirkjun facilities shall ac-quaint themselves at the start of the project with the escape routes and assembly areas for the particular facilities or site. Also, contractors shall make sure they acquire and maintain at least minimal fire extinguishing equipment.
> In working areas where rescue teams have been organised the contractor shall provide the necessary staff to train and participate in such activities.
> Fire bells or sirens sound in order to call for evacuation due to fire or other danger; contractor personnel are thereupon ob-ligated to vacate without delay the facilities or site involved. Following evacuation, the contractor’s safety officers shall contact Landsvirkjun, which will decide in consultation with the contractors on the continuation of work.
> The operations site must be kept orderly and organised, with no combustible material nearer a building than 12 m, unless a closed waste container is used. This distance must be greater if substantial quantities are involved. Rubbish and combustible material that is not being used shall be removed from the worksite, while the material that must be on site due to construction shall be positioned such that fire squads and other emergency services have ready access throughout the site.
> Extreme caution shall be shown while using or handling flammable liquids or gases, in accordance with safety in-structions. Such substances shall be stored in a secure place while not in use. It is not permissible to burn materials at a construction site.
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> Special attention must be given to the positioning of lighting equipment, taking care that it cannot cause overheating and fire. Where substantial dust, wood shavings and so forth are present, lamps shall have safety glass to protect the bulb.
> All combustible material shall be removed where welding is to occur, shielding any combustible articles that cannot be removed. After welding has been completed, the risk of fire should be prevented and the contractor must supervise the welding area throughout the following hour. There is good reason to treat gas and oxygen cylinders with extreme cau-tion, and every cylinder must be equipped with the necessary safety equipment, such as backflow check valves, backflash arrestors and handles with backflow arrestors. When in use, cylinders shall be securely fastened onto a cart that is purpose-made for them or prevented from falling over. Extra supplies shall be stored in a secure manner, away from the work site.
> Where there is any risk of fire, a fire extinguisher must be available and readily accessible. A location within 25 metres of the point of work is preferable, with the type of extin-guishers being based on the work and materials on site and their number being based on the fire load, so as to attain an adequate total extinguishing capacity.
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Requirements regarding electrical work
> The Regulations for Electrical Installations, No. 285/1998 [first issued as No. 264/1971 in Icelandic], as subsequently amend-ed, must be observed in every instance. The safety exclusion zone surrounding aerial high-voltage lines and high-voltage equipment shall be determined in the following manner, cf. rules from the Safety Division of the Consumer Agency in its memorandum numbered 1/84.
"A safety distance shall be specified for each task. This shall be determined by adding a suitable supplement to the haz-ard distance that shows consideration for the work methods, equipment and facilities, material, personnel skills, weather conditions and safety supervision (see illustration). The safety distance shall be communicated to those concerned as the minimum safe working distance from either particularly spec-ified parts of the body or a part of the machinery or equipment to a charged part of the electrical installation."
Measured operat-ing voltage kV
Maximum operatingvoltage, kV
Hazard distance (consid-ered equal to touch), cm
1-33
5-66
120-132
150
220
380-400
36
72,5
145
170
245
420
50
75
120
140
210
310
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> If circumstances arise in which personnel or equipment must enter such an exclusion zone, the contractor shall submit a risk assessment and safety rules, together with written authorisation from the person in charge of electrical safety.
> Work using a power station's operating electricity shall only be performed in close consultation with someone on shift at the site.
> Care must always be taken during work near a charged object or object which might possibly be charged.
> Work of any kind on electrical equipment shall be the re-sponsibility of a certified electrician, and electrical contrac-tors shall operate according to an authorised safety control system.
Charged part of the electrical
installation
Safety distance
Hazard distance
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Requirements regarding work at fall heights
An effort shall be made to perform as many tasks as possible on the ground, in order to avoid working at heights. Work at fall heights is not restricted to locations high above ground, as such work may simultaneously be classified as work below ground, for instance in underground tunnels, ditches and pits. The equipment selected must always offer the optimum ergonomic conditions for personnel, using personal protective equipment if it is impossible to apply ordinary safety measures.
Fall protection shall be used in every instance where:
X The risk exists of an employee falling and being injured.
X Work is being carried out beyond areas normally bounded by handrails.
X An employee finds such protection necessary.
Fall protection may entail but shall not be restricted to:
X Work platforms.
X Reliable handrails.
X Appropriate safety belt(s) with a safety line, to provide protec-tion from falling.
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Requirements with regard to lifting
> The slings, chains, crane cables, cargo hooks, and cranes or equipment used for lifting shall be certified and their capacity shall conform to the weight of the load to be lifted.
> Slings and chains must be in perfect condition and their con-dition inspected regularly.
> When lifting, careful attention must be paid to the locations of other employees, never lifting a load above any personnel; also, the signaller must remain at a safe distance.
> Lifting equipment must be in perfect condition; the con-tractor is responsible for ensuring it is inspected on a regular basis.
> No load may ever be left hanging in a crane.
> The contractor bears responsibility for keeping the levelling feet in proper order and for their correct use, including their placement on an appropriate base.
> Before lifting starts for extremely heavy objects, such as mechanical equipment or large transformers, an approved risk assessment must be on hand concerning the precau-tionary measures, choice of lifting equipment and manner of executing the lift.
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Requirements regarding work in high-temperature fields
> Special care shall be taken when working near steam or hot-water pipes. Where there is a risk of being burned by hot water, contractors shall put on appropriate footwear and long gloves.
> A risk assessment must be available prior to starting work on a steam supply system that is or has been in operation; this assessment should show whether it is acceptable for employees to be there alone and whether any potential risk stems from heat and/or gases at the proposed worksite.
> Two life-threatening gases are carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S). The greatest risk is posed by work in steam pipes that are cooling off or have become cold, for instance on account of cleaning. Another gas that can be dangerous is carbon dioxide (CO2), if it is present in sufficient quantities. Hazardous gases that are heavier than air (hydro-
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gen sulphide, H2S, and carbon dioxide, CO2) may collect in basements and depressions, resulting in death where their concentrations are substantial.
> Contractors shall educate their personnel on the hazards stemming from gases and urge them to stay alert.
> Personnel needing to work on a steam supply system must have an alert meter on site, and no project permit shall be issued until consideration of every risk has been assured and arrangements completed for achieving employee safety.
> In the case of new construction projects for a steam supply system that is not yet connected to geothermal heat, the same rules are to apply as those applying other construc-tion work.
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Requirements regarding work in closed spaces
> Contractors who will be working in a closed space shall present their task procedures and turn in a risk assessment before their personnel are allowed into the closed space.
> A supply of breathing air into the closed space must be assured, as well as escape routes out of the space, should an emergency arise.
> Finally, any work in closed spaces must comply with the current rules prescribed by the AOSH.
Requirements with regard to the handling and use of hazardous materials
> The requirements outlined on pages 20-24 on environmental issues shall be adhered to.
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This book belongs to:
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Notes:
Responsibility and approval: LandsvirkjunPublished by: Landsvirkjun, maí 2013, útgáfa IIIIDesign and set-up: Jónsson og Le'Mackse-mail: [email protected]
