Requirements for the Requirements for the Establishment of Mercury Establishment of Mercury

Monitors in Mexico as a Pilot Monitors in Mexico as a Pilot ProjectProject

  Identification of the Technical Design of Identification of the Technical Design of

the Monitoring Pilot Project for Wet the Monitoring Pilot Project for Wet Deposition of Mercury in MexicoDeposition of Mercury in Mexico

ANNE M. HANSEN, MANFRED VAN AFFERDENANNE M. HANSEN, MANFRED VAN AFFERDEN

General Project ObjectiveGeneral Project Objective

Identify the requirements for the establishment Identify the requirements for the establishment

of of

mercury monitors in Mexico as a pilot project in mercury monitors in Mexico as a pilot project in

collaboration with key agencies in Mexico and collaboration with key agencies in Mexico and

liaising liaising

with appropriate Canadian and US authorities as with appropriate Canadian and US authorities as

well as well as

private sector contractors.private sector contractors.

What is the What is the big idea?big idea?

Extension of Mercury Deposition NetworkExtension of Mercury Deposition Network

Integration of Mexican Integration of Mexican sampling stations into sampling stations into the existing networkthe existing network

Intensification of Intensification of future collaboration in future collaboration in prevention of exposureprevention of exposure

Installation of two wet-deposition Installation of two wet-deposition monitorsmonitors

MDN requires two different instruments for the MDN requires two different instruments for the collection and measurement of precipitation: collection and measurement of precipitation:

An electrically powered collector that An electrically powered collector that automatically automatically collects precipitation samples for mercury collects precipitation samples for mercury analysisanalysis A raingage that mechanically measures and A raingage that mechanically measures and records records the amount of precipitation the amount of precipitation

RaingageCollector

Sample and data handlingSample and data handling

Weekly precipitation samples should be Weekly precipitation samples should be collected every Tuesday and mailed to the collected every Tuesday and mailed to the Mercury Analytical Laboratory at Frontier Mercury Analytical Laboratory at Frontier Geosciences (USA) for analysis by cold vapor Geosciences (USA) for analysis by cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry.atomic fluorescence spectrometry.

The MDN provides data for total mercury, but The MDN provides data for total mercury, but will include methylmercury if desired by a site will include methylmercury if desired by a site sponsor.sponsor.

Field bucket Event recorder trace

Why install Why install mercury mercury

monitors in monitors in Mexico?Mexico?

Deposition of MercuryDeposition of Mercury

General NADP Monitoring ObjectivesGeneral NADP Monitoring Objectives

To characterize geographic patterns and To characterize geographic patterns and temporaltemporal trends in biologically important chemical trends in biologically important chemical deposition.deposition.

To support research activities related to:To support research activities related to:

The productivity of managed and natural The productivity of managed and natural systems; systems;

The chemistry of surface and ground The chemistry of surface and ground waters,waters, including estuaries; including estuaries;

The health of domestic animals, wildlife, The health of domestic animals, wildlife, and fish;and fish;

Human health.Human health.(Dossett and Bowersox, 1999)(Dossett and Bowersox, 1999)

General Mexican ObjectivesGeneral Mexican Objectives

Assess mercury exposure rates to ecosystems Assess mercury exposure rates to ecosystems and human populations through mercury and human populations through mercury wet deposition in Mexico;wet deposition in Mexico;

Evaluate the effects of emissions reduction Evaluate the effects of emissions reduction and control on a long term basis;and control on a long term basis;

Identify main mercury transport routes;Identify main mercury transport routes;

Fulfill international commitments;Fulfill international commitments;

Increase Mexican capacity in the assessment Increase Mexican capacity in the assessment of mercury deposition and effects.of mercury deposition and effects.

Who will be Who will be responsible?responsible?

Responsibilities in MexicoResponsibilities in Mexico

Instituto Mexicano de

Tecnología del Agua

Comisión Nacional del

Agua Instituto

Nacional de Ecología

Procuraduría Federal de

Protección al Ambiente

Comisión Nacional de

Áreas Naturales Protegidas

Comisión Nacional Forestal

Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y

Uso de la Biodiversidad

Comisión Intersecretarial

Órgano Descentralizado

Órganos Desconcentrados

Semarnat

Subsecretaría de Planeación

y Política Ambiental

Subsecretaría de Gestión para la protección

ambiental

Subsecretaría de Fomento y Normatividad

Ambiental

Oficialía Mayor Unidad Coordinadora

de Participación Social y

Transparencia

Unidad Coordinadora de Asuntos

Internacionales

Dirección General de Planeación y

Evaluación

Dirección General de Estadística e

Información Ambiental

Dirección General de Política Am-

biental e Integra- ción Regional y

Sectorial

Dirección General de Impacto y

Riesgo Ambiental

Dirección General de Manejo Integral de

Contaminantes

Dirección General de Zona Federal

Marítimo Terrestre y Ambientes

Costeros Dirección General de Vida Silvestre

Dirección General de Federalización y Descentraliza- ción de Servicios Forestales y de

Suelo

Dirección General del Sector Prima-

rio y Recursos Naturales

Renovables

Dirección General de la Industria

Dirección General de Fomento Am- biental del Desa-

rrollo Urbano, Transporte, Ser- vicios y Turismo

Dirección General de Energía y Actividades Extractivas

Dirección General de Recursos

Humanos

Dirección General de Programación,

Organización y Presupuesto

Dirección General de Recursos Materiales, Inmuebles y

Servicios

Dirección General de Informática y

Telecomuni- caciones

Coordinación General de

Comunicación Social

Contraloría Interna

Coordinación General de

Delegaciones

Delegaciones Federales

Centro de Educación y Capacitación

para el Desarrollo

Sustentable

Coordinación General Jurídica

Responsibilities in MexicoResponsibilities in Mexico

The responsibilities of monitoring mercury in The responsibilities of monitoring mercury in wet deposition is not clearly definedwet deposition is not clearly defined

Potential future responsible institutions:Potential future responsible institutions:

Semarnat: Has the principal responsibility Semarnat: Has the principal responsibility

CNA: CNA: National Water Commission National Water Commission National Meteorological Service National Meteorological Service

(SMN) (SMN)

INE: INE: National Institute of EcologyNational Institute of EcologyCENICACENICA

Where to Where to install the install the monitors?monitors?

Automatic Automatic Hydro- Hydro- meteorological meteorological Stations (AHSs) Stations (AHSs)(60)(60)

MeteorologicalMeteorological Observatories Observatories (82)(82)

Strategy of site selectionStrategy of site selection

Far from Mercury point sources in order to Far from Mercury point sources in order to measure measure background levelsbackground levels

On or close to the site of already existing On or close to the site of already existing

meteorological stations or observatoriesmeteorological stations or observatories

(modified according to Bigelow (modified according to Bigelow et al.et al. 2001)2001)

NADP/NTN site selection criteriaNADP/NTN site selection criteria

RegionalRegional

LocalLocal

On-siteOn-site

Specific Mexican Site selection criteriaSpecific Mexican Site selection criteria

Accessibility and infrastructure (courier mail Accessibility and infrastructure (courier mail service, service, electricity, telephone, laboratory)electricity, telephone, laboratory)

An operator lives on or very close to the siteAn operator lives on or very close to the site

Site selection procedureSite selection procedure

11stst step: Application of regional requirements (20 and 50 step: Application of regional requirements (20 and 50 km)km)

From the 142 sites (AHS, MO) 108 stations were From the 142 sites (AHS, MO) 108 stations were excluded excluded

22ndnd step: Application of Mexican requirements (operator) step: Application of Mexican requirements (operator)

From the AHSs only 16 fulfill the condition of potential From the AHSs only 16 fulfill the condition of potential operators operators living close to the site living close to the site

33rdrd step: Application of local and on-site requirements step: Application of local and on-site requirements (telephone)(telephone)

From these 16 sites only 6 do not fulfill these From these 16 sites only 6 do not fulfill these requirements requirements

44thth step: Presence of chemical lab for major ions step: Presence of chemical lab for major ions

Among the final 10 stations, only 4 have a chemical Among the final 10 stations, only 4 have a chemical laboratory laboratory close by close by

55thth step: step:

On-site verification and evaluation of 2 sitesOn-site verification and evaluation of 2 sites

Cd. ConstituciónCd. Constitución

HuejutlaHuejutla

TecamachalcoTecamachalco

Puerto ÁngelPuerto Ángel

Location of the preselected sitesLocation of the preselected sites

On-site evaluation of Huejutla-siteOn-site evaluation of Huejutla-site

On-site evaluation of Puerto Ángel-siteOn-site evaluation of Puerto Ángel-site

Who will Who will participate?participate?

Project CoordinationProject Coordination

Steering CommitteeSteering Committee

NADP, INE, NACEC (Mercury, M&A Task NADP, INE, NACEC (Mercury, M&A Task Forces)Forces)

Technical Project ManagementTechnical Project Management

IMTAIMTA

Equipment and AnalysisEquipment and Analysis

NADP, Frontier Geosciences among othersNADP, Frontier Geosciences among others

On-site InstitutionsOn-site Institutions

Huejutla: Huejutla: SMN-CNA, Instituto Tecnológico SMN-CNA, Instituto Tecnológico

AgropecuarioAgropecuario(operator Biol. Alejandra López Mancilla) (operator Biol. Alejandra López Mancilla)

Cd.Cd.

Puerto Angel: Puerto Angel: SMN-CNA (operator Ing. Ulises López SMN-CNA (operator Ing. Ulises López

Rodríguez) Rodríguez)

Constitución: Constitución: SMN-CNA (operator Javier Martínez SMN-CNA (operator Javier Martínez

Arreola)Arreola)

Tecamachalco: Tecamachalco: SMN-CNA, Universidad Tecnológica SMN-CNA, Universidad Tecnológica (operator M.C. Ofelia Araceli López Mejía) (operator M.C. Ofelia Araceli López Mejía)

Capacity building US / Canadian Capacity building US / Canadian InstitutionsInstitutions

Training courses:Training courses:

On-site: Installation, initial sampling On-site: Installation, initial sampling phase, phase, maintenancemaintenance

US/Canada: Wet deposition, sampling and US/Canada: Wet deposition, sampling and maintenance, interpretation of resultsmaintenance, interpretation of results

US/Canada: Clean - Lab analysisUS/Canada: Clean - Lab analysis

On-site supervision:On-site supervision:

Routine operation and quality controlRoutine operation and quality control

How much How much will it cost?will it cost?

Costs for an extended, subsidized pilot Costs for an extended, subsidized pilot project (US$)project (US$)

EquipmentEquipment 9,1009,100Balance, conductance meter and electrode, pH meter Balance, conductance meter and electrode, pH meter and electrodes, lab-materialand electrodes, lab-material

InstallationInstallation 1212,000,000

Site preparation and modification, platform, shipping, Site preparation and modification, platform, shipping, custom liberationcustom liberation

OperationOperation 38,22038,220

Shipping, personnel, communication, office supply, Shipping, personnel, communication, office supply, maintenance and materialsmaintenance and materials

Capacity buildingCapacity building 16,10016,100

Training courses, on-site supervisionTraining courses, on-site supervision

AnalysisAnalysis 43,68043,680

Mercury (free), methylmercury, major ionsMercury (free), methylmercury, major ions

Technical project managementTechnical project management 67,30067,300

Personnel, per diem, transportation, telephonePersonnel, per diem, transportation, telephone

TotalTotal186,400186,400

When may it When may it start?start?

Steering Steering committcommitt

eeeeIng. Ing. José José Luis Luis Razo Razo QuvedoQuvedo

Ing. Ing. Gloria Gloria HerreraHerrera

Ing. Ing. Ulises Ulises López López RodrígueRodríguezz

Javier Javier MartínMartínez ez ArreolaArreola

M.C. M.C. OfeliaOfeliaAraceli Araceli López López MejíaMejía

Ing. Ing. Ángel Ángel Barrera Barrera MorteoMorteo

Ing. Ing. Orlando Orlando QuinteroQuinteroMartínezMartínez

Biol. Biol. Alejandra Alejandra López López MancillaMancilla

Right now?Right now?

Heavy rainHeavy rain