Requirements for Operations On or Near Forest Land · Forest Fire Protection Requirements for Operations On or Near Forest Land7 INTRODUCTION This booklet details Washington State’s

PUBLISHED OCTOBER 2018

FOREST FIRE PROTECTION

Requirementsfor OperationsOn or Near Forest Land

3Forest Fire Protection Requirements for Operations On or Near Forest Land

Contents

1.0 VIOLATIONS 1.1 RCW 76.04.075 Rules 1.2 RCW 76.04.085 Penalty for violations 1.3 RCW 76.04.415 Penalty for violations - Work stoppage notice 1.4 WAC 332-24-217 Burn permit requirements — Penalty

2.0 SILVICULTURAL BURNING / PERMITS 2.1 RCW 76.04.205 Burning permits 2.2 RCW 76.04.235 Dumping mill waste, forest debris 2.3 RCW 76.04.246 Use of blasting fuse 2.4 WAC 332-24-201 Burn permit program 2.5 WAC 332-24-205 General rules 2.6 WAC332-24-211 Specificrulesforsmallfires not requiring a written burning permit 2.7 WAC332-24-221 Specificrulesforburningthat requires a written burning permit 2.8 WAC 332-24-261 Dumping mill waste, forest debris

3.0 FOREST CLOSURES / SUSPENSIONS 3.1 RCW 76.04.305 Closed to entry 3.2 RCW 76.04.315 Suspension of burning permits / privileges 3.3 RCW 76.04.325 Closure of forest operations or forest lands 3.4 WAC 332-24-301 Industrial restrictions

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Contents

4 Department of Natural Resources | Wildfire

4.0 FIRE PROTECTION REGULATIONS 4.1 RCW 76.04.405 Steam, internal combustion, or electricenginesandotherspark emitting equipment regulated 4.2 RCW76.04.425 Unauthorizedentryintosealed firetoolbox 4.3 RCW76.04.445 Reportsoffire 4.4 RCW76.04.455 Lightedmaterial 4.5 RCW 76.04.465 Certain snags to be felled currentlywithlogging 4.6 RCW76.04.710 Willfulsettingoffire 4.7 RCW 76.04.720 Removal of notices 4.8 RCW76.04.730 Negligentfire 4.9 RCW 76.04.740 Reckless burning 4.10 WAC 332-24-405 Spark emitting equipment requirements 4.11 WAC 332-24-411 Substitutions, reductions or increase of requirements

5.0 HAZARD ABATEMENT 5.1 RCW 76.04.650 Disposal of forest debris 5.2 RCW76.04.660 Additionalfirehazards 5.3 WAC 332-24-401 Felling of snags 5.4 WAC332-24-650 Extremefirehazardrequiring abatement 5.5 WAC332-24-652 Extremefirehazard-Eight hundredcontiguousacres 5.6 WAC332-24-654 Extremefirehazard-Liability- Responsibility 5.7 WAC 332-24-658 Recovery of costs 5.8 WAC 332-24-660 Approved isolation, reduction, or abatement

6.0 DEFINITIONS 6.1 RCW76.04.005 Definitions 6.2 WAC332-24-005 Definitions

Contents

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DNR-Recommended Tools and Accessories for a Pump Truck/Trailer

Mobile Fire Foam Systems

Best Management Practices Guidelines for Motorized Carriages (Fire Precaution Level III)

Tethered Logging Systems and IFPL Applicability

Contents

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INTRODUCTIONThisbookletdetailsWashingtonState’sforestfire protectionrequirementsandisdesignedtohelp forestoperatorsreducetheriskofwildfirescausedbyspark-emitting equipment and silvicultural burning on or near forest land.

Bylaw,theWashingtonDepartmentofNatural Resources (DNR) is responsible for monitoring and assess-ingregionalfireriskandforenforcingtheserequirements.

Fortunately,onlyasmallpercentageofWashington’slarg-estwildfiresarecausedbyoperationsrelatedtosilvicul-turalandindustrialoperations.Thoughfewinnumbercomparedtootherhuman-causedwildfires,industrialoperation-causedwildfirestypicallyoccurinruggedtopographywithheavynaturalfuelsandareconsequentlydifficultandexpensivetosuppress.

DNR’sstaffcarryoutfiresafetyinspectionsforallforestoperations.DNRisalsoauthorizedtoissuecitationsandordershutdownsofforestoperationsthatdonotmeetrequirements.

AsspecifiedinRCW76.04.075,anypersondeterminedtobeinviolationofDNRfireprotectionregulationscanbefound guilty of a misdemeanor.

Inaddition,operatorswhoseactionsresultinalandownerfirestartingatanindustrialoperationssitearerequiredbyRCW76.04.475tofightthatfiretothefulllimitofavailable employees and equipment, and to

Introduction


continuesuchfirefightingeffortasnecessaryto suppress it. Forest operators are also required to be prudentandreportoperations-causedfirestotheDNRRegionalOfficeinwhichtheoperationislocated.

Important Phone NumbersReportanescapedfire: 1-800-562-6010Industrialfireprecautionlevel: 1-800-527-3305Firedangerbycounty: 1-800-323-BURN(2876)

DNR Region OfficesNortheast Colville (509)684-7474Northwest SedroWoolley (360)856-3500Olympic Forks (360) 374-2800 PacificCascade CastleRock (360)577-2025Southeast Ellensburg (509)925-8510SouthPuget Sound Enumclaw (360) 825-1631

DNR Websitednr.wa.gov

IFPL Informationdnr.wa.gov/ifpl

Burn Ban Information dnr.wa.gov/burn-restrictions

Only you can prevent wildfires with a fire-safe operation.

Introduction


1.0 VIOLATIONS 1.1 Rules — Penalty. RCW 76.04.075

AnypersonwhoviolatesanyoftheordersorrulesadoptedunderthischapterfortheprotectionofforestsfromfiresisguiltyofamisdemeanorandsubjecttothepenaltiesforamisdemeanorunderRCW9A.20.021,unlessanotherpenalty is provided.

1.2 Penalty for violations. RCW 76.04.085

Unlessspecifiedotherwise,violationsoftheprovisionsofthischaptershallbeamisdemeanorandsubjecttothepenalties for a misdemeanor under RCW 9A.20.021.

1.3 Penalty for violations — Work stoppage notice. RCW 76.04.415

(1) Every person upon receipt of written notice issuedbythedepartmentthatsuchpersonhasorisviolatinganyoftheprovisionsofRCW76.04.215,76.04.305, 76.04.405, or 76.04.650 or any rule adoptedbythedepartmentconcerningfirepreven-tionandfiresuppressionpreparednessshallceaseoperationsuntilcompliancewiththeprovisionsofthesectionsorrulesspecifiedinsuchnotice.

(2) Thedepartmentmayspecifyinthenoticeofviolationthespecialconditionsandprecautionsunderwhichtheoperationwouldbeallowedtocontinueuntiltheendofthatworkingday.

Violations


1.4 Burning permit requirements — Penalty. WAC 332-24-217

Failuretocomplywiththerulesinchapter 332-24 WAC voids permission to burn. Any person burning withoutcomplyingwithchapter332-24WACisinviolationofRCW76.04.205andchapter70.94RCW.Convictionsorbailforfeituresinconnectionwithillegalburningunderchapter332-24WACmayresultinrefusaltoissuefurtherpermitsforatwo-yearperiodfromthedateoftheillegalburning.Inadditiontoanyotherfinesandpenaltiesthatmaybeimposed,thedepartmentmaychargeandrecovercostsfromthepersonresponsibleforanyresponsetocon-trolorextinguishanillegalfirecausedinpartorinwholeby negligent acts or omissions.

Violations


2.0 SILVICULTURAL BURNING/PERMITS 2.1 Burning permits. RCW 76.04.205

(1) Exceptincertainareasdesignatedbythedepartment or as permitted under rules adopted by thedepartment,apersonshallhaveavalidwrittenburningpermitobtainedfromthedepartmenttoburn:

(a)Anyflammablematerialonanylandsundertheprotectionofthedepartment;or

(b) Refuse or waste forest material on forest landsprotectedbythedepartment.

(2)Tobevalidapermitmustbesignedbyboththedepartmentandthepermittee.Conditionsmaybeimposedinthepermitfortheprotectionoflife,property,orairqualityand[thedepartment]maysuspendorrevokethepermitswhenconditionswarrant.Apermitshallbeeffectiveonlyundertheconditionsandfortheperiodstatedtherein.Signingofthepermitshallindicatethepermittee’sagree-menttoandacceptanceoftheconditionsofthepermit.

(3) Thedepartmentmayinspectorcausetobeinspectedtheareainvolvedandmayissueaburningpermitif:

(a)Allrequirementsrelatingtofirefightingequipment,theworktobedone,and precautionstobetakenbeforecommencingtheburninghavebeenmet;

Silvicultural Burning/Permits


(b)Nounreasonabledangerwillresult;and

(c)Burningwillbedoneincompliancewithairqualitystandardsestablishedbychapter70.94RCW.

(4)Thedepartment,authorizedemployeesthereof,or any warden or ranger may refuse, revoke, or postponetheuseofpermitstoburnwhenneces-saryforthesafetyofadjacentpropertyorwhennecessaryintheirjudgmenttopreventairpollu-tionasprovidedinchapter70.94RCW.

2.2 Dumping mill waste, forest debris — Penalty. RCW 76.04.235

(1) No person may dump mill waste from forest products, or forest debris of any kind, in quantities thatthedepartmentdeclarestoconstituteaforestfirehazardonorthreateningforestlandslocatedinthisstatewithoutfirstobtainingawrittenpermitissuedbythedepartmentonsuchtermsandcondi-tionsdeterminedbythedepartmentpursuanttorulesenactedtoprotectforestlandsfromfire.Thepermitisinadditiontoanyotherpermitrequiredby law.

(2)Anypersonwhodumpssuchmillwaste,orforestdebris,withoutapermit,orinviolationofapermit is guilty of a gross misdemeanor and subject tothepenaltiesforagrossmisdemeanorunderRCW9A.20.021andmayfurtherbe required to remove all materials dumped.



2.3 Use of blasting fuse. RCW 76.04.246

It is unlawful to use fuse for blasting on any area of loggingslashorareaofactualloggingoperation withoutapermitduringtheclosedseason.Upontheissu-anceofawrittenpermitbythedepartmentorwardenorranger,fusemaybeusedduringtheclosedseasonundertheconditionsspecifiedinthepermit.

2.4 Burning permit program — Requirements and exceptions. WAC 332-24-201

UnderauthoritygrantedinRCW76.04.015and76.04.205,thefollowingregulationisherebypromulgated: (1)Thedepartmentisresponsible,bylaw,forthe

granting of burning permits for burning on lands it protects;and

(2)Thedepartmentadministerstheprotectionofairqualityasprovidedinchapter70.94RCWresulting from burning on lands under its protection;and

(3) Thedepartmenthasdeterminedthattheeffectsofsuchburningonlife,propertyandairqualityareofyear-roundeffect;therefore

(4)Throughouttheyear,outdoorfireisprohibitedonlandsprotectedbythedepartmentwhereforestprotection assessment is being, or is subject to be-ing,assessedunless:

(a) A written burning permit is obtained from



thedepartmentandtherequirementsofWAC332-24-205 and 332-24-221 are followed;or

(b)BurningmeetstheregulationsoutlinedinWAC 332-24-205 and 332-24-211.

(5)Thischapterappliestoallburningonlandsprotectedbythedepartment.Itdoesnotapplytoagriculturalburningasdefinedin WAC 173-425-030(1) nor to open burning as de-finedinWAC173-425-030(2).

2.5 General rules — Minimum requirements for all burning. WAC 332-24-205

Thefollowingrulesapplytoallburningregulatedbythedepartment: (1)Thedepartmentreservestherightto

restrict, regulate, refuse, revoke or postpone outdoorfiresunderRCW76.04.205and76.04.315,andchapter70.94RCWduetoadversefireweatherortopreventrestrictionofvisibility,excessiveairpollution or a nuisance.

(2)Burningshallnotbeallowedwithin nonattainmentareasofthestateasestablishedbyWashingtondepartmentofecologyforparticulatemattertenmicronsorlessorcarbonmonoxide,exceptfor:

(a)Firesforimprovingandmaintainingfiredependentecosystems;or

(b)Firesfortrainingwildlandfirefighters;or



(c)Firessetforadefinedresearchproject;or

(d)Militarytrainingexercises;or

(e)Theexclusivepurposeofmanagingstormorflood-relateddebris;or

(f)Whereexemptedbylocalorstateair pollution control agencies.

(3)Burningshallnotbeallowedinsideurbangrowthareasasdesignatedundergrowth managementplans,orincitiesofgreaterthantenthousandpopulationasfollows:

(a)Inurbangrowthareaswherereasonablealternativesexist.

(b)Incitieswithapopulationoften thousandormoreasestablishedbythe officeoffinancialmanagement:

(i)Thatexceedorthreatentoexceedfederal or state ambient air quality stan-dards;and

(ii)Wherereasonablealternativestooutdoorburningexist,inaccordancewithWAC 173-425-090.

(c)AfterDecember31,2000,burningshallnotbeallowedinurbangrowthareasorcitieswithapopulationoftenthousandormore.

(4)Nofiresshallbeignitedwhen:

(a)Thedepartmentofecologyhasdeclaredanairpollutionepisodeforthegeographicareapursuanttochapter173-435WAC;or

(b)Thedepartmentofecologyoralocalair



pollutioncontrolauthorityhasdeclaredim-pairedairqualityforthegeographicareainwhichtheburningistobedone.

(5) Apersonresponsibleforaburnatthetimeanepisode or impaired air quality is called pursuanttochapter173-425WAC,shall extinguishthefireby:

(a)Withholdingfuelfromtheburn;

(b)Allowingthefiretoburndown;and

(c)Aggressivelyputtingoutthefireuntilthereisnovisiblesmoke,unlessotherwiseal-lowedbythedepartment.

(6) Priortolighting,thepersondoingthe burningmusttelephonethedepartment,andobtainanyspecialinstructionsforthedayandlocationoftheproposedburn.Thoseinstructionsthereuponbecomepartoftheconditionsofburning.

(7) Thefiremustnotincluderubberproducts,plas-ticproducts,asphalt,garbage,deadanimals,pe-troleumproducts,paints,oranysimilarprohibitedmaterialsthatemitdensesmokeorcreateoffensiveodorswhenburned,pursuanttoRCW70.94.775(1).

(8)Ifthefirecreatesanuisancefromsmokeorflyingash,itmustbeextinguished.Forpurposesofthissection,anuisanceexistswhenemissionsfromanyopenfirecausephysicaldiscomfortorhealthproblemstopeopleresidinginthevicinityoftheburningorphysicaldamagetoproperty.

(9)Burningwithinthedepartment’sfire



protectionareasshallnot:

(a) Cause visibility to be obscured on public roadsandhighwaysbythesmokefromsuchfires;or

(b)Endangerlifeorpropertythrough negligentspreadoffireorpollutants.

(10)Apersoncapableofextinguishingthefiremustattendthefireatalltimesandthefiremustbecompletelyextinguishedbeforebeingleftunat-tended.

(11)Nofiresaretobewithinfiftyfeetof structures,orwithinfivehundredfeetofforestslashwithoutawrittenburningpermit.

(12) Thelandownerorlandowner’sdesignatedrep-resentative’swrittenpermissionmustbeobtainedbeforekindlingafireonthelandofanother.

(13) Thedepartmentreservestheauthoritytoprovidewaivers,exceptions,and/ortoimpose additionalrequirementsthroughtheuseof writtenburningpermitsandthesmokemanage-ment plan.

2.6 Specific rules for small fires not requiring a written burning permit. WAC 332-24-211

InadditiontoWAC332-24-205,thefollowingrulesshallapplytoburningregulatedbythedepartmentthatdoesnot require a written burning permit. A written burning permitisnotrequiredfromthedepartmentunderthefol-lowingconditions:



(1)Incertaingeographicareasofthestateasdes-ignatedbythedepartmentinsubsection(3)ofthissectionandwhentherequirementsofsubsections(4),(5),and(6)ofthissectionaremet;or

(2)Whenthefireis:

(a)Containedwithinacampfirepit, approvedbythedepartment,locatedinastate,county,municipal,orothercampground;

(b)Containedwithinacampstoveor barbecue;

(c)Ahand-builtpilenolargerthanfourfeetindiameterthatisbeingusedexclusivelyforrecreationalpurposes;and

(d) Situated on bare soil, gravel bars, beaches,greenfield,orothersimilarareasfreeofflammablematerialforasufficientdistanceadequatetopreventtheescape offires.

(3) Afirethatdoesnotrequireawrittenpermithasestablishedsizelimitationsbasedontimeofyearandthecountywithinwhichtheburningoc-curs.

(a) From July 1 to October 15 individual pile sizeinallcountiesshallbelimitedtonolargerthanfourfeet,exceptpilesizeinClallamandJefferson counties is limited to ten feet.

(b)FromOctober16throughJune30indi-vidualpilesizeinallcountiesislimitedtotenfeet;exceptpilesizeislimitedtofourfeetin



Island, King, Kitsap, Mason, Pierce, San Juan, and Spokane counties.

(4)Aserviceableshovelandaminimumoffivegallonsofwatermustbewithintheimmediatevicinityofthefire.Abucketisacceptableiftheout-doorfireisadjacenttoanaccessiblebodyofwater.Achargedgardenhoseorotheradequatewatersupplymaybesubstitutedforthefivegallonwaterrequirement.

(5) Only one pile may be burned at any one time andeachpilemustbeextinguishedbefore lightinganother.

(6) Burning must be done during periods of calm to verylightwinds.Burningwhenwindwillscatterlooseflammablematerials,suchasdryleavesandclippings,isprohibited.

2.7 Specific rules for burning that requires a written burning permit. WAC 332-24-221PersonsnotabletomeettherequirementsofWAC332-24-205 and 332-24-211 must apply for a written burning permitthroughthedepartment.InadditiontotherulesoutlinedinWAC332-24-205,thefollowingareadditionalrequirementsforwrittenpermits: (1) Fees for written burning permits will be

chargedandcollectedpursuanttochapter70.94RCWandshallbeonehundredfivedollarsfiftycentsforunderonehundredtonsofconsumabledebris;andforburnsonehundredtonsofconsum-abledebrisandgreaterasfollows:



CONSUMABLE DEBRIS FEE SCHEDULE

100–500 tons ...................... $357

501–1,000 tons ................... $846

1,001–1,500 tons ................. $1,356

1,501–2,000 tons ................ $1,869

2,001–2,500 tons ................ $2,380

2,501–3,000 tons ................ $2,893

3,001–3,500 tons ................ $3,402

3,501–4,000 tons ................ $3,914

4,001–4,500 tons ................ $4,427

4,501–5,000 tons ................ $4,938

5,001–5,500 tons ................ $5,451

5,501–6,000 tons ................ $5,962

6,001–6,500 tons ............... $6,476

6,501–7,000 tons ................ $6,987

7,001–7,500 tons ................ $7,499

7,501–8,000 tons ............... $8,011

8,001 –8,500 tons ............... $8,523

8,501–9,000 tons ............... $9,035

9,001–9,500 tons ............... $9,548

9,501–10,000 tons .............. $10,057

10,001–plus tons ................. $10,395

plus $0.50 per ton for tons over 10,000



Forpurposesofthissection,consumabledebrisistheamountofdebristhatthedepartmentdetermineswillbeconsumedbytheproposedburning.

(2) Written burning permits are not considered validunlessallofthefollowingconditions apply:

(a)Thewrittenpermithasbeensignedbytheapplicant agreeing to follow all requirements ofchapter332-24WAC,thesmokemanage-mentplanineffectatthetimeoftheburn-ing, and any additional terms and conditions specifiedbythedepartmentinwriting;and

(b)Therequiredpermitfeehasbeensecuredor paid according to approved department procedures;and

(c)Thepersondoingtheburninghasthepermitinpossessionwhileburningandiscomplyingwithalltermsandconditionsofsuchpermit,thesmokemanagementplanineffectatthetimeoftheburning,andallap-plicableportionsofchapter332-24WAC.

(3) Permitsarewrittenonlyfortheburnsiteandfuelquantityrepresentedtothedepartmentonthepermitapplication.Additionoffuelorchang-ingtheburnsite,afterthepermitapplicationhasbeensubmittedtothedepartment,isprohibitedunless a new permit application is submitted and any added permit fee is paid, if required.



2.8 Dumping mill waste, forest debris — Creation of a fire hazard — Permits. WAC 332-24-261

(1)Forestdebrisormillwastedumpedinthefollowingmanneronornearforestlandshallcon-stituteaforestfirehazardandrequireadumpingpermit:

(a) Pilesoffiftycubicyardsormore;or

(b) Twoormorepilestotalingfiftycubicyardsormore,lessthanthreehundredfeetapart;or

(c) Apilelessthanthreehundredfeet fromapileplacedbyanotherwheresuchpileswouldtotalfiftycubicyardsormore;or

(d) WhendumpedadjacenttopilesoffiftycubicyardsormorewhichwereinexistencebeforeAugust9,1971;or

(e)Whendumpedinsmallerquantitiesorgreaterdistancesthanabovewhensuchdumpings are likely to support, intensify or furtherspreadthefire,therebythreateningforestlandand/orendangeringlifeorproperty;howeverforestdebrisaccumulatedonforestland from logging or silvicultural activities on thelandonwhichsuchactivitiestookplace,oractivitiesregulatedbyRCW76.04.650,shallnotbesubjecttothepermitrequirementofthissection,exceptwhenforestdebrisaccumu-latedonlandclearingorrightofwayprojectssubject to RCW 76.04.650 is taken away from suchareasanddumped.



(2)Nopersonshalldumporcausetobedumpedaforestfirehazardonorthreateningforestlandwithoutfirstobtainingawrittenpermitfrom thedepartment.

(a)Anypersonhavinglegalauthoritytodump mill waste from forest products or forest debris,onthedescribedproperty,shallmakeapplicationtothedepartmentorauthorizedemployeesforapermittodoso.Theapplica-tionshallstateandinclude:

(i)Thelocation;

(ii) Theapproximatequantitytobe dumped;

(iii)Adescriptionofthematerialtobedumped;

(iv)Amapillustratingtheproposed dumpsite;

(v) Thenameofthepersonbywhomthedumping is to be done.

(b) Uponreceiptofanapplication,the departmentwillinspecttheareadescribedintheapplication.Thedepartment,in issuingthepermit,mayimposeconditionsinsuchpermittopreventthecreationofaforestfirehazard.

(c) In situations as outlined in subsection (1)(e)ofthissection,thedepartmentmaynotifytheappropriatepersons,andsuchpersonorpersonsshallberequiredtoobtainapermit



forthecontinuedexistenceofthedumpingofsuchfirehazard.Thispermitisrequiredtoensurethatsuchdumpingdoesnotcreateaforestfirehazardandoutlinesrequiredtermsand conditions to eliminate or abate any forest firehazardthatmaybecreatedbydumping.

(d)Adumpingpermitshallbeeffectiveonlyundertheconditionsandfortheperiod statedtherein.Thedepartmentshallhavetheauthoritytorescindapermituponfailuretocomplywithanyoftheconditionsorterms.

(3)Anypersonwhodumpssuchmillwasteorfor-estdebris,withoutapermitorinviolationofaper-mit, is guilty of a gross misdemeanor and subject to thepenaltiesforagrossmisdemeanorunderRCW9A.20.021andmayfurtherbe required to remove all materials dumped.



3.0 FOREST CLOSURES / SUSPENSIONS 3.1 Closed to entry — Designation. RCW 76.04.305

(1)When,intheopinionofthedepartment,anyforestlandisparticularlyexposedtofiredanger,thedepartmentmaydesignatesuchlandasare-gionofextrafirehazardsubjecttoclosure,andthedepartmentshalladoptrulesforthe protectionthereof.

(2)Allsuchrulesshallbepublishedinsuchnewspapersofgeneralcirculationinthecountieswhereinsuchregionissituatedandforsuchlengthoftimeasthedepartmentmay determine.

(3)Whenintheopinionofthedepartmentitbecomesnecessarytoclosetheregiontoentry,posterscarryingthewording“Regionofextrafirehazard-CLOSEDTOENTRY-exceptasprovidedbyRCW76.04.305”andindicatingthebeginningandendingdatesoftheclosuresshallbepostedonthepublichighwaysenteringtheregions.

(4)Therulesshallbeinforcefromthetimespeci-fiedtherein,butwhenintheopinionofthedepart-mentsuchforestregioncontinuestobeexposedtofiredanger,orceasestobeso exposed,thedepartmentmayextend,suspend,orterminatetheclosurebyproclamation.

(5)Thissectiondoesnotauthorizethedepartmenttoprohibittheconductofindustrialoperations,public work, or access of permanent residents to

Forest Closures/Suspensions


theirownpropertywithintheclosedarea,butnoonelegallyenteringtheregionofextrafirehazardmayusetheareaforrecreationalpurposeswhichareprohibitedtothegeneralpublicunderthetermsofthissection.

3.2 Suspension of burning permits/privileges. RCW 76.04.315

Intimesandlocalitiesofunusualfiredanger,thedepart-ment may issue an order suspending any or all burning permitsorprivilegesauthorizedbyRCW76.04.205andmayprohibitabsolutelytheuseoffireinsuchlocations.

3.3 Closure of forest operations or forest lands. RCW 76.04.325

(1) Whenintheopinionofthedepartmentweatherconditionsarisewhichpresentanextremefirehazard,wherebylifeandpropertymaybeendan-gered,thedepartmentmayissueanordershuttingdownalllogging,landclearing,orotherindustrialoperationswhichmaycauseafiretostart.Theshutdownshallbefortheperiodsandregionsdesignatedintheorder.Duringshutdowns,allpersonsareexcludedfromloggingoperatingareasandareasofloggingslash,exceptthosepresentintheinterestoffireprotection.

(2) Whenintheopinionofthedepartment extremefireweatherexists,wherebyforestlandsmaybeendangered,thedepartmentmayissueanorder restricting access to and activities on forest lands.Theordershalldescribetheregionsand



extentofrestrictionsnecessarytoprotectforestlands.Duringtheperiodinwhichtheorderisineffect,allpersonsmaybeexcludedfromtheregionsdescribed,exceptthosepersonspresentintheinterestoffireprotection.

(3)Eachday’sviolationofanorderunderthissec-tionshallconstituteaseparateoffense.

3.4 Industrial restrictions. WAC 332-24-301

(1)Whenintheopinionoftheregionalmanager,forthedepartment’sadministrativeregion,weath-erconditionsarisewhichpresentahazardtolandsprotectedbythedepartment,wherebylifeandpropertymaybeendangered,theregionalmanag-er,throughtheauthoritygrantedthedepartmentin RCW 76.04.015 and 76.04.325, may designate industrialprecautionlevelstherebyregulatinglog-ging,landclearingorotherindustrialoperationswhichmaycauseafiretostartonoradjacenttoforestlands.Therestrictionsshallbeforperiodsdesignatedandshallonlyaffectthoseportionsofthestateundertheadministrativejurisdictionoftheareamanager.

(2)Inmakingadecisionastowhenrestrictionsorshutdownsshouldoccur,theareamanagershallutilizeavailableinformationastocurrentandpro-jectedfiredanger,currentandprojectedweather,currentfireactivityandavailableresourcesforfiresuppression.



(3) All persons performing logging, land clearingorotheroperationswhichmaycauseafiretostartonoradjacenttoforestlandsshallcomplywiththerestrictionsdescribedinthedesignatedindustrial precaution level.

(a)Theindustrialfireprecautionlevelsshallbe:

(i) Level 1. Closed season - Fire pre-cautionrequirementsareineffect.Afirewatch/securityisrequiredatthisandallhigherlevelsunlessotherwisewaived.

(ii) Level 2. Partial hootowl - Thefollowingmayoperateonlybetweenthehoursof8p.m.and1p.m.localtime:

» Powersawsexceptatloadingsites;

» Cableyarding;

» Blasting;

» Welding or cutting of metal.

(iii) Level 3. Partial shutdown - Thefol-lowingareprohibitedexceptasindicated:

» Cable yarding -exceptthatgravityoperated logging systems employing non-motorizedcarriagesorapprovedmotorizedcarriages may operate between8p.m.and1p.m.whenallblockandmovinglines,exceptforthelinebe-tweenthecarriageandthe chokers,aresuspendedtenfeetabovetheground;



» Power saws -exceptpowersawsmaybe used at loading sites and on tractor/skidderoperationsbetweenthehoursof8p.m. and 1 p.m. local time.

Inaddition,thefollowingarepermittedtooperatebetweenthehoursof8p.m.and1p.m.localtime:

» Tractor,skidder,feller-buncher,for-warder,orshovelloggingoperationswheretractors,skidders,orother equipmentwithabladecapableofcon-structingfireline,areimmediatelyavail-abletoquicklyreachandeffectivelyattackafirestart;

» Mechanizedloadingandhaulingofanyproductormaterial;

» Blasting;

» Welding or cutting of metal.

(iv) Level 4.Generalshutdown-Allop-erationsareprohibited.

(b) Thefollowingdefinitionsshallapplytotheseindustrialfireprecautionlevels:

(i) “Loading sites” means a place whereanyproductormaterial, including but not limited to logs, firewood,slash,soil,rock,poles,posts,etc.,is placed in or upon a truck or othervehicle.

(ii) “Cable yarding systems” means



a yarding system employing cables and winchesinafixedposition.

(iii) “Approved motorized carriages” means a cable yarding system employingamotorizedcarriagewithtwofireextinguishers,eachwithatleasta5BC rating, mounted securely on opposite sidesofthecarriage,anemergencymotorcutoff,andanapprovedexhaustsystem.

(iv) “Low hazard area” means any area wherethedepartmenthasdeterminedthecombinationofelementsreducestheprob-abilityoffirestartingand/orspreading.

(v) “Closed season” isthatseasonoftheyearwhenafirehazardexistsasdeclaredbythedepartmentorotherresponsibleagency.

(c)Awrittenwaivermaybeissuedbythede-partmentforfire-safeactivitiesinlow-hazardareas.

(d)Wherehaulinginvolvestransitthroughmorethanoneshutdown/regulateduse area,theprecautionlevelatthewoods loadingsiteshallgovernthelevelofhaulre-striction,unlessotherwiseprohibitedbyotherthantheindustrialprecautionlevelsystem.



4.0 FIRE PROTECTION REGULATIONS 4.1 Steam, internal combustion, or electrical engines and other spark-emitting equipment regulated. RCW 76.04.405

Itisunlawfulduringtheclosedseasonforanypersontooperate any steam, internal combustion, or electric engine, oranyotherspark-emittingequipmentordevice,onanyforestlandorinanyplacewhere,intheopinionofthedepartment,firecouldspreadtoforestland,withoutfirstcomplyingwiththerequirementsasmaybeestablishedbythedepartmentbyrulepursuanttothischapter.

4.2 Unauthorized entry into sealed fire tool box. RCW 76.04.425

Itisunlawfultoenterintoasealedfiretoolboxwithoutauthorization.

4.3 Reports of fire. RCW 76.04.445

(1) Any person engaged in any activity on forest landsshallimmediatelyreporttothedepartment,inpersonorbyradio,telephone,ortelegraph,anyfiresonforestlands.

(2)Railroadcompaniesandotherpubliccarriersoperatingonorthroughforestlandsshall immediatelyreporttothedepartment,inpersonorbyradio,telephone,ortelegraph,anyfiresonoradjacenttotheirrightofwayorroute.

Fire Protection Regulations


4.4 Lighted material, etc. — Receptacles in conveyances. RCW 76.04.455

(1)(a)Exceptasotherwiseprovidedinthissubsec-tion,itisunlawfulforanypersonto,duringtheclosedseason:

(i)Discardanylightedtobacco,cigars,cigarettes,matches,fireworks,charcoal,orotherlightedmate-rial,dischargeanyincendiaryammunition,releaseaskylantern,ordetonateanexplodingtargetonoroveranyforest,brush,range,orgrainareas;or

(ii)Smokeanyflammablematerialwheninforestorbrushareasexceptonroads,clearedlandings,gravelpits,oranysimilarareafreeofflammablematerial.

(b)Theprohibitionscontainedinthissubsectiondonotapplytothedetonationofnonflammableexplodingtargetsonanyforest,brush,range,orgrainareasifthepersondetonatingthenonflam-mableexplodingtarget:

(i)Haslawfulpossessionandcontrolofthelandinquestion;or

(ii)Haspriorwrittenpermissionfortheactivityfromthepersonwhoownsorhaslawfulpossessionandcontrolofthelandinquestion.

(c)Theprohibitionscontainedinthissubsectiondonotapplytosuppressionactionsauthorizedor



conductedbythedepartmentundertheauthorityofthischapter.

(2)(a)Exceptasotherwiseprovidedinthissubsec-tion, it is unlawful for any person to, during any timeoutsideoftheclosedseason,dischargeanyincendiary ammunition, release a sky lantern, or detonateanexplodingtargetonoroveranyforest,brush,range,orgrainareas.

(b)Theprohibitionscontainedinthissubsectiondonotapplyifthepersonconductingtheotherwiseprohibitedaction:

(i)Haslawfulpossessionandcontrolofthelandinquestion;or

(ii)Haspriorwrittenpermissionfortheactivityfromthepersonwhoownsorhaslawfulpossessionandcontrolofthelandinquestion.

(3)Everyconveyanceoperatedthroughoraboveforest,range,brush,orgrainareasmustbeequippedineachcompartmentwithasuitablereceptacleforthedispositionoflightedtobacco,cigars,cigarettes,matches,orotherflammablematerial.

(4) Every person operating a public conveyance throughoraboveforest,range,brush,orgrainareasshallpostacopyofthissectioninaconspicu-ousplacewithinthesmokingcompartmentoftheconveyance;andeverypersonoperatingasawmilloraloggingcampinanysuchareasshallposta



copyofthissectioninaconspicuousplaceuponthegroundorbuildingsofthemillingorloggingopera-tion.

4.5 Certain snags to be felled currently with logging. RCW 76.04.465

Standing dead trees constitute a substantial deterrent to effectivefirecontrolactioninforestareas,butarealsoanimportantandessentialhabitatformanyspeciesofwildlife.Toinsurecontinuedexistenceofthesewildlifespeciesandcontinuedforestgrowthwhileminimizingtheriskofdestructionbyconflagration,onlycertainsnagsmustbefelledcurrentlywiththelogging.Thedepartmentshalladoptrulesrelatingtoeffectivefirecontrolactiontorequirethatonlycertainsnagsbefelled,takingintocon-siderationtheneedtoprotectthewildlifehabitat.

4.6 Willful setting of fire. RCW 76.04.710

Itisunlawfulforanypersontowillfullystartafire,whetheronhisorherlandorthelandofanother,wherebyforestlandsorthepropertyofanotherisendangered,undercircumstancesnotamountingtoarsonineitherthefirstorseconddegreeorrecklessburningineitherthefirstor second degree.

4.7 Removal of notices. RCW 76.04.720

Itisunlawfulforanypersontowillfullyandwithoutauthorizationdefaceorremoveanywarningnoticeposted



undertherequirementsofthischapter.

4.8 Negligent fire — Spread. RCW 76.04.730

Itisunlawfulforanypersontonegligentlyallowfireoriginatingontheperson’sownpropertytospreadtothepropertyofanother.

4.9 Reckless burning. RCW 76.04.740

(1)Itisunlawfultoknowinglycauseafireor explosionandtherebyplaceforestlandsin danger of destruction or damage.

(2)ThissectiondoesnotapplytoactsamountingtorecklessburninginthefirstdegreeunderRCW9A.48.040.

(3) Termsusedinthissectionshallhavethemean-ingsgiventotheminTitle9ARCW.

(4)Aviolationofthissectionshallbepunishedasa gross misdemeanor under RCW 9A.20.021.

4.10 Spark emitting equipment requirements. WAC 332-24-405

Itshallbeunlawfulforanyonetooperate,duringtheclosedseasonasdefinedinRCW76.04.005,anysteam,internalcombustion,electricenginesoranyother deviceswhichemitsparksonanyforestlandoranyotherplacewhere,intheopinionofthedepartment,firecouldbecommunicatedtoforestlandwithoutfirstcomplyingwiththefollowingrequirementsforequipmentoroperations:



(1)Fixed-positionmachine:

(a)Twofireextinguishers,eachofatleasta5BCrating;

(b)Anapprovedexhaustsystem;

(c) Anappropriatelymountedshovel.

(2) Logging railroad locomotive or common carrierlocomotive:

(a)Anapprovedexhaustsystem;

(b) Communicationsbetweenthetrainanddispatcherforreportingfirestotheresponsibleprotectionagency;

(c)Eachlocomotiveshallbefollowedbyaspeederpatrolatsuchtimes,andinsuchloca-tions,asdesignatedbythedepartment.Thespeederpatrolshallbeequippedwith:

(i)Twoshovels;

(ii)Onepulaski;

(iii)Oneadzeeyehoe;

(iv)Twoserviceablefivegallonback-packpumpcansfilledwithwater;

(v)Anapprovedexhaustsystem;

(vi) Communicationsbetweenthe speederandthedispatcherforreportingfirestotheresponsibleprotectionagency;

(vii)Onefireextinguisherofatleasta5BC rating.

(3)Passengervehicleusedforindustrialor commercialoperations:



(a) Afireextinguisherofatleasta5BCrat-ing;

(b)Anapprovedexhaustsystem.

(4)Portablepowersaw:

(a)Achemicalfireextinguisherofatleasteightouncecapacity,fullychargedandingoodworkingorder.Thefireextinguishershallbekeptintheimmediatepossessionoftheopera-tor;


(c)Ashovel,whichshallbekeptwithintwominutesround-tripoftheoperator;

(d)Afirewatch.

(5) Spark-emitting engines used for purposes not specificallymentionedherein,which,intheopinionofthedepartment,maycauseaforestfiretostart,unlessequippedwith:

(a) Anapprovedexhaustsystem;

(b) Onefireextinguisherofatleasta5BCrating;howevertwo-wheeled,three-wheeled,andfour-wheeledmotorcyclesshallonlyberequiredtohaveanapprovedexhaustsystem.

(6) Tractorormobilemachine:

(a)Onefireextinguisherofatleasta5BCrating;


(c)Anappropriatelymountedshovel.

(7)Truckorvehicleusedforhauling:



(a)Onefireextinguisherofatleasta5BCrating;


(c)Anappropriatelymountedshovel.

(8) During yarding, loading, milling, land clearingandrightofwayclearing,theremustbekeptateachlanding,yardingtree,millorothersuitableplacedesignatedbythedepartment,twoserviceablefivegallonbackpackpumpcansfilledwithwater;howeversuchoperationsinotherareasofthestateasmaybedesignatedbythedepart-ment,inwriting,mustcomplywiththefollowingadditionalrequirements:

(a) A pump truck or pump trailer to be kept on thelandingorwithinfiveminutesround-tripoftheoperation;

(b)Afirewatch;

(c) Adequatefacilitiestoreportafiretotheresponsibleprotectionagencywithinfifteenminutes of detection.

(9)Balloon,skylineandothersimilarlong-lineoraerialloggingsystemswithgreaterthanatwelvehundredfootdistancebetweentheyarderandtailholdortailblockunlesscomplyingwiththefollowingrequirements:

(a) Twoserviceablefivegallonbackpackpumpcansfilledwithwaterateachland-ing,yard-ingtreeorothersuitableplacedesignatedbythedepartment;



(b) Portable water supply available and equippedinordertosupplywatertothefurthermostextremityoftheoperationwithinamaximumoftenminutesfromthetimeofdetection.Theportablewatersupplyshallcontainaminimumofthreehundredgallonsofwaterandthecomplementofaccessoriesandequipmentidentifiedinthedefinitionofthepumptruckorpumptrailer.Theportablewatersupplyshallbeequippedwithapumpcapable of delivering twenty gallons per min-ute,atsufficientpressure,usingaone-quarterinchnozzletipthroughafiftyfootlengthofoneinchoroneandone-halfinchrubber-linedhose.Thepumpshallbeplumbedwithabypassorpressurereliefvalve.Thewatersupplyshallbelocatedandoutfittedforim-mediateuseatthelanding,andsothatitmayalso be readily lifted and transported by use oftheriggingsystemorcargohook.Loggingsystemswhicharenotcapableofliftingtheportablewatersupplyandthefiretoolkitinoneliftmustaccomplishthisinnomorethanthreeseparatelifts.Thefiretoolkitshallbepackagedandlocatedforreadyattachmenttotheriggingfordeliverytotheportablewatersupplywhileitisinoperation.Thefiretoolkitshallcontain:

(i)Threeaxesorpulaskis;

(ii)Sixshovels;

(iii)Sixadzeeyehoes.



(c)Firewatch;

(d) Adequatefacilitiestoreportafiretotheresponsibleprotectionagencywithinfifteenminutes of detection.

(10)Eachhelicopterusedforyarding,loadingandlandclearingorslashburningunlessequippedandcomplyingwiththefollowing:

(a) A VHF radio, maintained in operational use,atfrequency122.9MHg;

(b)Aportablewaterbucketofthefollowingcapacities,withnecessarycargohooksandtrippingmechanismfordroppingwateronafire,shallbelocatedattheheliportservingtheoperation;

External Minimum Payload of Required Helicopter Bucket Size 780 lbs. or less 50 gallons781 lbs. to 1600 lbs. 100 gallons1,601 lbs. to 3,900 lbs. 200 gallons3,901 lbs. or more 300 gallons

(c)Awatersourceofsufficientcapacityread-ilyaccessibletoallowthebuckettobefilledthreetimeswithoutrefillingthesource.Thewatersourcemustbelocatedwithinfivemin-utesround-tripflyingtimeofeverypartoftheoperation;

(d)Thefollowingsizedfiretoolkitpack-agedforreadyattachmenttothecargohookand



locatedattheheliportserving theoperation:

(i) Twoaxesorpulaskis;

(ii)Threeshovels;

(iii)Threeadzeeyehoes.

(e)Twofireextinguishersofatleast20BCratingshallbekeptwithrefuelingequipment.Theyshallbeappropriatelymounted,suitablymarked and available for immediate use.

(11)Railroadtrackinstallationandmaintenance:

(a) Crews - ten people or less:

(i) A pump truck or pump trailer as de-finedinWAC332-24-005(24);howeverthewatercapacityofthepumptruckorpumptrailermaybelessthanthreehundredgallons,butgreaterthanonehundredfiftygallonswhentheunitiscapableofproduc-ingdepartment-approvedhighexpansionfoam;

(ii)Oneserviceablefivegallonbackpackpumpcan;

(iii)Communicationsbetweenthecrewanddispatcherforreportingfirestotheresponsible protection agency.

(b) Crews - greater than ten people:

(i) A pump truck or pump trailer as de-finedinWAC332-24-005(24)thatisalsocapable of producing department-approved



highexpansionfoam;

(ii)Afiretoolboxcontainingamini-mumof:

(A)Sixpulaskis;

(B) Sixadzeeyehoes;

(C)Sixshovels.

(iii)Communicationsbetweenthecrewanddispatchersforreportingfirestotheresponsible protection agency.

(c)Trackwelding,cuttingandgrindingshallbecurtainedbynotlessthanafourfoothighcanvastypecurtain,whichcompletelyenclosestheoperationandpreventstheescapementofsparks from welding, cutting or grinding.

(12) Prior to beginning operations, all snags, stubs anddeadtreesoverfifteenfeetinheightshallbecutwithinfiftyfeetofeachfixed-positionmachinewhichwilloperatefortwoconsecutivedaysormorein one position.

Thegroundshallbeinitiallyclearedofall flammabledebrisunderfourinchesindiameterbeneathandwithintenfeetofeachfixed- positionmachinewhichwilloperatefortwo consecutive days or more in one position.

(13)Theareaaroundthetail,cornerandhaulbackblocksmustbekeptcleanofallflammabledebrisunderfourinchesindiameterforadistanceofsixfeetinalldirections.Suitableflame-resistantblanketdevicesmaybesubstitutedfortheclear-



ingrequirementwhenthesixfootdiameterareaiscovered.Eachblockmustbeequippedwithoneserviceablefivegallonbackpackpumpcanfilledwithwater,oneshovelandonepulaski.Operationswithmultipleblocksmusthavethiscomplementoftoolsandwaterwithinonehundredfeetofeachblock.

(14)Itshallbetheoperator’sresponsibilitytoiden-tify points of line rub on cable logging operations duringtheclosedseason.Iflineruboccurs,theoperatorshalldowhatisnecessarytostop,allevi-ateorcontrolthelinerubinordertopreventfiresatthesepoints.Satisfactorymeansinclude,butarenotlimitedto:

(a)Removaloftheobjectwhichthelineisrubbingon;

(b) Changingtheloggingsystem;

(c) Movingthecablelocation.

(15) Thedepartmentmaydesignatecertainareaswhichareknowntohaverapidfluctuationsofextremefireweatherand/orconcentrationsofadditionalhazards.Operatorsinsuchareasmayberequiredtomonitorthehumidityand/orwindspeedandmaintainadailylogofsuchreadings.Relativehumidityreadingsandwindspeedmustbe determined and recorded by instruments and methodsapprovedbythedepartment.

Thedepartmentmayfurtherrequirethe operatorinsuchareastorestrictoperationswhen,intheopinionofthedepartment,therecorded



readingsorcurrentconditionsaresuchthatifafirestartsinthatareaitwouldprobablyspreadtoconflagrationproportionsregardlessofpersonnelandequipmentavailableforinitialfiresuppres-sion.

4.11 Substitution, reduction, or increase of requirements. WAC 332-24-411

(1) Thedepartmentmayacceptserviceableequiva-lentstoanyoftherequirementsinWAC332-24-405.Suchsubstitutionsmustbemadeinwritingbythedepartment.

(2) Thedepartmentmay,bywrittenpermission,reducetherequirementssetforthinWAC332-24-405whenever,intheopinionofthedepartment,theoperationisofsuchtypeorlocationand/orweatherissuchthatalltherequirementsarenotneededfortheprotectionoflifeandproperty.

(3) Thedepartmentmay,inwriting,requiread-ditionalequipment,abovetherequirementsofWAC332-24-405forfireprotectioninthoseareasknowntohavehadrapidfluctuationsofextremefireweatherand/orconcentrationsofadditionalhazards.



Hazard Abatement

5.0 HAZARD ABATEMENT 5.1 Disposal of forest debris — Permission to allow trees to fall on another’s land. RCW 76.04.650

Everyoneclearinglandorclearingrightofwayforrail-road,publichighway,privateroad,ditch,dike,pipeorwireline,orforanyothertransmission,ortransportationutilityrightofway,shallpileandburnordisposeofbyothersatisfactorymeans,allforestdebriscutthereon,asrapidlyastheclearingorcuttingprogresses,oratsuchothertimesasthedepartmentmayspecify,andifduringtheclosedseason,incompliancewiththelawrequiringburning permits.

Nopersonclearinganylandorrightofway,orincuttingor logging timber for any purpose, may fell, or permit to be felled,anytreessothattheymayfallontolandownedbyanotherwithoutfirstobtainingpermissionfromtheownerinadditiontocomplyingwiththetermsofthissectionforthedisposalofrefuse.Allthetermsofthissectionandotherforestlawsofthestateshallbeobservedinallclear-ingsofrightofwayorotherlandonbehalfofthestateitselforanycountythereof,eitherdirectlyorbycontract,and, unless unavoidable emergency prevents, provision shallbemadebyallofficialsdirectingtheworkforwith-holdingasufficientportionofthepaymentthereforuntilthedisposaliscompleted,toinsurethecompletionofthedisposalincompliancewiththissection.


5.2 Additional fire hazards — Extreme fire hazard areas — Abatement, isolation or reduction — Summary action — Recovery of costs — Inspection of property. RCW 76.04.660

(1) Theowneroflandonwhichthereisanaddi-tionalfirehazard,whenthehazardistheresultofalandowneroperationorthelandiswithinanareacoveredbyaforesthealthhazardwarningissuedunderRCW76.06.180,shalltakereasonablemea-surestoreducethedangeroffirespreadingfromtheareaandmayabatethehazardbyburningorothersatisfactorymeans.

(2) Anextremefirehazardshallexistwithinareascoveredbyaforesthealthhazardorderis-suedbythecommissionerofpubliclandsunderRCW76.06.180inwhichthereisanadditionalfirehazardcausedbydisturbanceagentsandtheland-ownerhasfailedtotakesuchactionasrequiredbytheforesthealthhazardorder.Thedutiesandliabilityofsuchlandownerunderthischapterareasdescribedinsubsections(5),(6),and(7)ofthissection.

(3) Thedepartmentshalladoptrulesdefiningareasofextremefirehazardthattheownerandpersonresponsibleshallabate.Theareasshallin-cludebutarenotlimitedtohighriskareassuchaswherelifeorbuildingsmaybeendangered,areasadjacenttopublichighways,andareasoffrequentpublic use.

Hazard Abatement


(4) Thedepartmentmayadoptrulesdefiningotherconditionsofextremefirehazardwithahighpotentialforfirespreadingtolandsinotherowner-ships.Thedepartmentmayprescribeadditionalmeasuresthatshallbetakenbytheownerandpersonresponsibletoisolateorreducetheextremefirehazard.

(5) Theownerorpersonresponsiblefortheexistenceoftheextremefirehazardisrequiredtoabate,isolate,orreducethehazard.Thedutytoabate,isolate,orreduce,andliabilityunderthischapter,ariseuponcreationoftheextremefirehazard.Liabilityshallincludebutnotbelimitedtoallfiresuppressionexpensesincurredbythedepartment,regardlessoffirecause.

(6) Iftheownerorpersonresponsiblefortheexistenceoftheextremefirehazardorforestdebrissubject to RCW 76.04.650 refuses, neglects, or unsuccessfully attempts to abate, isolate, or reduce thesame,thedepartmentmaysummarilyabate,isolate,orreducethehazardasrequiredbythischapterandrecovertwicetheactualcostthereoffromtheownerorpersonresponsible.Landownercontingencyforestfiresuppressionaccountmoneysmaybeusedbythedepartment,whenavailable,forthispurpose.Moneysrecoveredbythedepart-mentpursuanttothissectionshallbereturnedtothelandownercontingencyforestfiresuppressionaccount.

(7) Suchcostsshallincludeallsalariesandex-pensesofpeopleandequipmentincurredtherein,

Hazard Abatement


includingthoseofthedepartment.Allsuchcostsshallalsobealienuponthelandenforceableinthesamemannerwiththesameeffectasamechanic’slien.

(8) Thesummaryactionmaybetakenonlyaftertendays’noticeinwritinghasbeengiventotheownerorreputedownerofthelandonwhichtheextremefirehazardorforestdebrissubjecttoRCW76.04.650exists.Thenoticeshallincludeasuggestedmethodofabatementandestimatedcostthereof.Thenoticeshallbebypersonalserviceorbyregisteredorcertifiedmailaddressedtotheownerorreputedownerattheowner’slastknownplace of residence.

(9) A landowner or manager may make a written requesttothedepartmenttoinspecttheirprop-ertyandprovideawrittennoticethattheyhavecompliedwithaforesthealthhazardwarningorforesthealthhazardorder,orotherwiseadequatelyabated, isolated, or reduced an additional or extremefirehazard.Anadditionalorextremefirehazardshallbeconsideredtocontinuetoexistun-lessanduntilthedepartment,initssolediscretion,issuessuchnotice.

5.3 Felling of snags.

WAC 332-24-401

(1) Snagswithinareasofextremefirehazardrequiringabatement,asdefinedbyWAC332-24-005(28),shallbefelledconcurrentlywiththelog-gingoperation,unless:

Hazard Abatement


(a)Suchsnagcontainsavisiblenestofaspe-ciesofwildlifedesignatedbytheUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServiceasthreatenedorendangered;or

(b)Thedepartment,uponwrittenrequestofthelandowner,determines,inwriting,thatsuchsnagdoesnotrepresentasubstantialdeterrenttoeffectivefirecontrolaction.

(2)Thedepartmentmaydesignate,inwriting,thatadditionalsnagsbefelledconcurrentlywiththeloggingoperationif,inthedepartment’sopinion,theyrepresentasubstantialdeterrenttoeffectivefirecontrolaction,unlesssuchsnagcontainsavis-iblenestofathreatenedor endangered species.

5.4 WAC Extreme fire hazard requiring abatement. 332-24-650

Aforestlandownershallbeabsolutelyliableforfiresup-pressioncostsforanyfirethatoccursandabatementisrequiredunderthefollowingconditions: (1)Anyadditionalfirehazardwithinadistance

ofonehundredfeetfromtheclosestedgeoftherunningsurfaceofanystateorfederalhighway,countyroadorrailroad;

(2)Anyadditionalfirehazardwithinadistanceofonehundredfeetfromtheclosestedgeoftherun-ningsurfaceofanyotherroad,ashereinafterde-fined,thatisgenerallyopentoandfrequentlyusedbythepublicduringperiodsoffiredanger.Forthe

Hazard Abatement


purposeoftheserulesandregulations,theterm“otherroad”shallbedefinedasthoseroadsownedorcontrolledbyprivateindividuals,partnershipsor corporations, or by public agencies,including,withoutlimitation,the departmentortheUnitedStatesForest Service,andwhichprovidetheprincipalaccessduringperiodsoffiredangerwherenormaluseisseventy-fivevehiclesormoreperweektogeo-graphicfeaturesofsignificantpublicinterestandusesuchaslakes,streams,establishedviewpoints,lava tubes, ice caves, features of unique geological interest, recreational parks and developments or otherfacilitiesintendedforfrequentpublicuse;

(3) Anyadditionalfirehazardwithinadistanceoftwohundredfeet,ifrequiredinwritingbythedepartment,anduptoamaximumoffivehun-dredfeet,adjacenttopubliccampgrounds,schoolgrounds,otherareasoffrequentconcentratedpub-licuse,buildingsinuseasresidences(furnishedand being occupied or available for immediate oc-cupancy)andotherbuildingsorstructuresvaluedatonethousanddollarsormore,whicharenotownedbytheownerofthelanduponwhichsuchadditionalfirehazard exists;

(4)Thedepartmentmayidentifyotherspecificar-easofadditionalfirehazard,withcomparablehighriskofignitionand/orathreattolifeandpropertyand,uponwrittennotification,requireabatement.

Hazard Abatement


5.5 Extreme fire hazard — Eight hundred contiguous acres. WAC 332-24-652

(1)Aforestlandownershallbeabsolutelyliableforfiresuppressioncostsforanyfirethatoccurswithinanextremefirehazardcreatedbyeighthundredormorecontiguousacresofadditionalfirehazardwhen:

(a)Theadditionalfirehazard’soriginislessthanfiveyears,exceptwhen:

(i)ThematerialisfiftypercentormoreDouglasfirbyvolume,thetimeoforiginshallbelessthaneightyears;or

(ii) Thematerialisfiftypercentormorecedarbyvolume,thetimeoforiginshallbelessthantwentyyears.

(b) Its unisolated compartments comprise eighthundredacresormoreregardlessofown-ershiporloggingpattern;

(c) Its composition comprises an average ton-nagegreaterthanninetonsperacreofmate-rial,threeinchesorlessindiameter.

(2) Thedepartmentmayidentifyadditionalacrescomprisingeighthundredacresormoreofaddi-tionalfirehazardextendingbeyondtheselimita-tionsoftime,withcomparablehighhazardand/orathreattolifeorpropertyand,uponwrittennotification,placeabsoluteliabilityforfireswiththeforestlandowner(s).

Hazard Abatement


(3)Areasofadditionalfirehazardwillbe considered as one contiguous area, unless one of thefollowingconditionsaresatisfied:

(a)Theareasareseparatedbynatural barriersofatleastthreehundredfeetinwidthattheirnarrowestpoint.Naturalbarrierscaninclude streams, ridge tops and/or areas not comprisinganadditionalfirehazard;

(b)Theareasareseparatedbyaconstructedbarrierasprovidedinthedefinitionofisola-tion;

(c)Acombinationof(a)and(b)ofthis subsection.

5.6 WAC Extreme fire hazard — Liability — Responsibility. 332-24-654

(1)Liabilityfortheexistenceofanextremehaz-ardarisesuponcreationoftheextremehazard.Nowrittennotificationbythedepartmentofitsexistenceisrequired.Liabilityshallincludeanydepartmentsuppressioncostsincurredduringtheact(s)ofisolating,reducingorabatingtheextremehazard.

(2)Theowner(s)and/orperson(s)responsiblefortheexistenceofanextremefirehazardrequiringabatement,asdefinedinWAC332-24-650,shallabatetheextremefirehazard.Theobligationtoabateshallextendequallytoallacreagesoftheextremefirehazard,regardlessofthenumberof

Hazard Abatement


owner(s)and/orperson(s)responsibleforitsexis-tence.Theliabilityfortheexistenceoftheextremefirehazardcontinuesuntiltheextremefirehazardis abated.

(3)Theowner(s)and/orperson(s)responsiblefortheexistenceofanextremefirehazard,asdefinedinWAC332-24-652,mayisolateand/orreducetheextremefirehazardtoremovetheabsoluteliabilityassociatedwithitsexistence.Theliabilityassumedfortheexistenceoftheextremefirehazardshallextendequallytoallacreagesinvolved,regard-less of owner(s) and/or person(s) responsible for its existence.Isola- tion,whenused,mustbemaintainedforaperiodofeightyearsfromcreationoftheextremefirehazard,unlesstheextremefirehazardisotherwiseeliminatedpriortothattime.Isolationand/orre-duction may be performed in any manner consis-tentwithexistingstatutes,theseregulationsorasapprovedinwritingbythedepartment.

5.7 Recovery of costs. WAC 332-24-658

Thedepartmentmay,followingtendaysnoticetotheowner(s)and/orperson(s)responsibleforanextremefirehazardthatmustbeabated,summarilycauseittobeabated,exceptthatbroadcastburningshallnotbeusedbythedepartmentasanabatementprocedurewithoutpriorwrittenconsentofalltheowner(s)and/orperson(s)responsible.Thissummaryactionmaybetakentendaysafter notice as required by RCW 76.04.660. Obligations for

Hazard Abatement


recoveryofcostsincurredbythedepartmentshallbeinac-cordancewithRCW76.04.660andshallbeproratedbythedepartmenttotheowner(s)and/orperson(s)responsiblefortheextremefirehazardontheratiooftheiracresof involvementtothetotalacresinvolved.

5.8 Approved isolation, reduction, or abatement — Relief of liability. WAC 332-24-660

Theowner(s)and/orperson(s)responsibleforanextremefirehazardmayidentify,inwriting,theprocedures,orthenaturalorotherprocesseswhichweretakentoabate,isolateorreducetheextremefirehazardandrequestthedepartmenttodeclare,inwriting,whethertheareadoesordoesnotconstituteanextremehazard.Absenceofsucharequestonthepartoftheowner(s)and/orperson(s)respon-sibleforanextremefirehazardwillnotprejudicetheirdefenseintheeventofafire.

Asanalternative,theowner(s)and/orperson(s)responsiblemayimplementaplanofincreasedprotection,whichhasreceivedpriorwrittenapprovalofthedepartment,forthespecificlocation.

Hazard Abatement


Definitions

6.0 DEFINITIONS 6.1 Definitions in RCW 76.04 RCW 76.04.005

Asusedinthischapter,thefollowingtermshavethemeaningsindicatedunlessthecontextclearlyrequiresotherwise. (1) “Additional fire hazard” means a condition

existingonanylandinthestate:

(a) Coveredwhollyorinpartbyforestdebris whichislikelytofurtherthespreadoffireandtherebyendangerlifeorproperty;or

(b) When,duetotheeffectsofdisturbanceagents,broken,down,dead,ordyingtreesexistonforestlandinsufficientquantitytobelikelytofurtherthespreadoffirewithinareascoveredbyaforesthealthhazardwarningororderissuedbythecommissionerofpubliclandsunderRCW76.06.180.Theterm“additionalfirehazard”doesnot include green trees or snags left standing in up-landorriparianareasundertheprovisionsofRCW76.04.465orchapter76.09RCW.

(2) “Closed season”meanstheperiodbetweenApril15andOctober15,unlessthedepartmentdesignatesdifferentdatesbecauseofprevailingfireweatherconditions.

(3) “Commissioner”meansthecommissionerofpublic lands.

(4) “Department” meanstheDepartmentofNaturalResources,oritsauthorizedrepresenta-tives,asdefinedinchapter43.30RCW.


(5) “Department protected lands” means all landssubjecttotheforestprotectionassessmentunder RCW 76.04.610 or covered under contract oragreementpursuanttoRCW76.04.135bythedepartment.

(6) “Disturbance agent”meansthoseforcesthatdamageorkillsignificantnumbersofforesttrees,suchasinsects,diseases,windstorms,icestorms,andfires.

(7) “Emergency fire costs” meansthosecostsincurredorapprovedbythedepartmentforemergencyforestfiresuppression,includingtheemployment of personnel, rental of equipment, and purchaseofsuppliesoverandabovecostsregu-larlybudgetedandprovidedfornonemergencyfireexpensesforthebienniuminwhichthecostsoccur.

(8) “Exploding target” meansadevicethatisdesignedtomarketedtoigniteorexplodewhenstruckbyfirearmammunitionorotherprojectiles.

(9) “Forest debris” includesforestslash,chips,andanyothervegetativeresidueresultingfromactivities on forest land.

(10) “Forest fire service” includes all wardens, rangers,andotherpersonsemployedespeciallyforpreventingorfightingforestfires.

(11) “Forest land” means any unimproved lands whichhaveenoughtrees,standingordown,orflammablematerial,toconstituteinthejudgmentofthedepartment,afiremenacetolifeorproperty.Sagebrushandgrassareaseastofthesummitof

Definitions


theCascadeMountainsmaybeconsideredforestlandswhensuchareasareadjacenttoorinter-mingledwithareassupportingtreegrowth.Forestland, for protection purposes, does not include structures.

(12) “Forest landowner,” “owner of forest land,” “landowner,” or “owner”meanstheownerorthepersoninpossessionofanypublicorprivate forest land.

(13) “Forest material” meansforestslash,chips,timber,standingordown,orothervegetation.

(14) “Incendiary ammunition” means ammu-nitionthatisdesignedtoigniteorexplodeuponimpactwithorpenetrationofatargetordesignedtotraceitscourseintheairwithatrailofsmoke,chemicalincandescence,orfire.

(15) “Landowner operation” means every activ-ity, and supporting activities, of a forest landowner andthelandowner’sagents,employees,orinde-pendentcontractorsorpermitteesinthemanage-mentanduseofforestlandsubjecttotheforestprotectionassessmentunderRCW76.04.610fortheprimarybenefitoftheowner.Thetermincludes,butisnotlimitedto,thegrowingandharvestingofforestproducts,thedevelopmentoftransporta-tionsystems,theutilizationofmineralsorothernaturalresources,andtheclearingofland.Theterm does not include recreational and/or residen-tialactivitiesnotassociatedwiththeseenumeratedactivities.

Definitions


(16) “Local fire suppression assets” meansfire-fightingequipmentthatislocatedincloseproxim-itytothewildlandfireandthatmeetsdepartmentstandards and requirements.

(17) “Local wildland fire liaison” meansthepersonappointedbythecommissionertoserveasthelocalwildlandfireliaisonasprovidedinRCW43.30.111.

(18) “Participating landowner” means an ownerofforestlandwhoselandissubjecttotheforest protection assessment under RCW 76.04.610.

(19) “Sky lantern” means an unmanned self-containedluminarydevicethatusesheatedairproducedbyanopenflameorproducedbyanothersource to become or remain airborne.

(20) “Slash”meansorganicforestdebrissuchastreetops,limbs,brush,andotherdeadflammablematerial remaining on forest land as a result of a landowner operation.

(21) “Slash burning” meanstheplannedandcontrolled burning of forest debris on forest lands by broadcast burning, under burning, pile burning, orothermeans,forthepurposesofsilviculture,hazardabatement,orreductionandpreventionoreliminationofafirehazard.

(22) “Suppression” means all activities involved inthecontainmentandcontrolofforestfires,includingthepatrollingthereofuntilsuchfiresareextinguishedorconsideredbythedepartmenttoposenofurtherthreattolifeorproperty.

Definitions


(23) “Unimproved lands”mmeansthoselandsthatwillsupportgrass,brushandtreegrowth,orotherflammablematerialwhensuchlandsarenotclearedorcultivatedand,intheopinionofthedepartment,areafiremenacetolifeandproperty.

6.2 Definitions in WAC 332-24 WAC 332-24-005

Itemsdefinedhereinhavereferencetochapter76.04RCWandallotherprovisionsoflawrelatingtoforestprotectionandhavethemeaningsindicatedunlessthecontextclearlyrequiresotherwise. (1) “Abatement”meanstheeliminationof

additionalfirehazardbyburning,physical removal,orothermeans.

(2) “Additional fire hazard” means additional firehazardasdefinedinRCW76.04.005.

(3) “Adze eye hoe” means a serviceable forest firefightinghoewithabladewidthofatleastfiveandthree-quartersinchesandarectangulareye.Thebladeshallbesharpened,solid,andsmooth.Thehandleshallbehungsolidwithnomorethanthree-quartersofaninchnorlessthanone-eighthofaninchextendingbeyondthehead,smooth,aligned,andatleastthirty-twoincheslong.

(4) “Approved exhaust system” means a well-mountedexhaustsystemfreefromleaksandequippedwithsparkarrester(s)ratedandacceptedunder United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service current standards.

Definitions


(a) Turbochargersqualifyasanapprovedexhaustsystemwhenallgasespassthroughtheturbinewheel.Theturbinemustbeturn-ingatalltimes,andtheremustbenoexhaustbypasses.Astraightmechanical-drivensuperchargerdoesnotqualifyasanapprovedexhaustsysteminlieuofanapprovedsparkarrester.

(b) Passengervehiclesandtrucksmaybeequippedwithanadequatelybaffledmufflerinlieu of a spark arrester.

(c) General purpose spark arresters for use on equipment,vehicles,andmotorcyclesoperat-ingonforestlandmustmeettheperformancelevelssetforthintheSocietyofAutomotiveEngineers (SAE) Recommended Practice SAE J350,“RequirementsofSinglePositionAppli-cationGeneralPurposeArresters.”Thesparkarrestershallbepermanentlymarkedwiththemodelnumberandthemanufacturer’sidentificationortrademark.Whentheinletand outlet of an arrester are not easily identi-fied,theymustbemarked.Arrestersonmobileequipmentshallnotbemountedmorethanforty-fivedegreesfromthequalifiedposition.

(d) PortablepowersawspurchasedafterJune30, 1977, and used on forest land, must meet theperformancelevelssetforthintheSocietyof Automotive Engineers (SAE) Recommended PracticeSAEJ335b,“Multi-PositionedSmallEngineExhaustFireIgnitionSuppression.”

Definitions


RequirementstoobtaintheSAEJ335bspecifi-cationsareasfollows:

(i)Thesparkarrestershallbedesignedtoretainordestroyninetypercentofthecarbonparticleshavingamajordiametergreaterthan0.023inches(0.584mm).

(ii) TheexhaustsystemshallbedesignedsothattheexposedsurfacetemperatureshallnotexceedfivehundredfiftydegreesFahrenheit(288degreesCentigrade)whereitmaycomeindirectcontactwithforest fuels.

(iii)Theexhaustsystemshallbedesignedsothattheexhaustgastemperatureshallnotexceedfourhundredseventy-fivede-greesFahrenheit(246degreesCentigrade)wheretheexhaustflowmaystrikeforestfuels.

(iv)Theexhaustsystemshallbedesignedinsuchamannerthattherearenopocketsorcornerswhereflam-mablematerialmightaccumulate.Pocketsarepermissibleonly if it can be substantiated by suitable testthatmaterialcanbepreventedfromaccumulatinginthepockets.

(v)Theexhaustsystemmustbeconstruct-ed of durable material and so designed thatitwill,withnormaluseandmainte-nance, provide a reasonable service life. Parts designed for easy replacement as

Definitions


apartofroutinemaintenanceshallhaveaservicelifeofnotlessthanfiftyhours.Cleaningofpartsshallnotberequiredmorefrequentlythanonceforeacheighthoursofoperation.Thesparkarrestershallbesodesignedthatitmaybereadilyinspected and cleaned.

(vi) Portable power saws will be deemed to beincompliancewithSAEJ335brequire-mentsiftheyarecertifiedbytheUnitedStates Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,andtheSanDimasEquipmentDevelopment Center.

(e)PortablepowersawswhichwerepurchasedpriortoJune30,1977,andwhichdonotmeettheSocietyofAutomotiveEngineersStan-dards,mustmeetthefollowingrequirements:

(i)Theescapeoutletofthesparkarrestershallbeatanangleofatleastforty-fivedegreesfromalineparalleltothebar;

(ii)Theconfigurationofsparkarrestershallbesuchthatitwillnotcollect sawdustnomatterinwhatpositionthesawisoperated;

(iii)SparkarrestershallbedesignedandmadeofmaterialthatwillnotallowshellorexhausttemperaturetoexceedeighthundredfiftydegreesFahrenheit;

(iv)Thearrestershallhaveascreenwithamaximumopeningsizeof0.023inches

Definitions


(0.584mm.);

(v)Thearrestershallbecapableofoperat-ing, under normal conditions, a minimum ofeighthoursbeforecleaningisneeded;

(vi)Thescreenshallcarryamanufactur-er’swarrantyofaminimumoffifty-hourlifewheninstalledandmaintainedinac-cordancewiththemanufacturer’srecom-mendation;

(vii)Thearrestershallbeofgoodmanu-factureandmadesothatthearresterhousingandscreenareclosefitting;

(viii) Thearrestershallbeatleast ninetypercentefficientinthedestruction,retention or attrition of carbon particles over0.023inches(0.584mm.);

(ix)EfficiencyistobemeasuredasdescribedinPowerSawManufacturer’sAssociationStandard,NumberS365;

(x)Constructionofthearrestershallper-miteasyremovalandreplacementofthescreenforfieldinspectionandcleaning.

(f)Multipositionedenginepoweredtools,otherthanpowersaws,usedonforestlandmustmeettheperformancelevelssetforthintheSociety of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Recom-mendedPracticeJ335b,“Multi-PositionedSmallEngineExhaustFireIgnitionSuppres-sion.”

Definitions


(g) Locomotive spark arresters for use on log-ging, private or common carrier railroads oper-atingonorthroughforestlandmustmeettheperformancelevelssetforthintheAssociationof American Railroads (AAR) Recommended Practice,“StandardforSparkArrestersforNon-TurboChargedDieselEnginesUsedinRailroad Locomotives.”

(5) “Axe” means a serviceable, double-bitted, swampingaxeorsingle-bittedaxeofatleastathree-poundheadandthirty-twoinchhandle.Thebladesshallbesharpened,solidandsmooth.Thehandleshallbehungsolid,smoothandstraight.

(6) “Certified electrical fence controller” meansanelectricalfencecontrollerthatmeetsthestandardsforfiresafetydevelopedbyUnderwritersLaboratories (UL) and indicates approval by bear-ingtheULlabelonthecontroller.

(7) “Currently with the logging” and “current with the felling of live timber, or with the current logging operation”meansduringthelogging operation or associated activities on any landing,settingorsimilarpartofthe operation.

(8) “Debris disposal fire” meansanoutdoorfirefortheeliminationofafirehazardandforthepur-pose of clean-up of natural vegetation and residue ofanaturalcharactersuchasleaves,clippings,prunings,trees,stumps,brush,shrubbery,andwoodsolongasithasnotbeentreatedbyanappli-

Definitions


cationofprohibitedmaterialorsubstanceinapilenolargerthanthatallowedinWAC332-24-211.

(9) “Department” meansthedepartmentofnatu-ralresources,oritsauthorizedrepresentatives,asdefinedinchapter43.30RCW.

(10) “Dump” includes,withoutlimitation,dump-ing, depositing, or placing.

(11) “Electrical fence controller” includes any controller, equipment, appliance, device, or appara-tususedasanelectricalfencecontroller,energizer,orpulsatorwhichusesorconveysanelectricalcur-rent.

(12) “Fire extinguisher” means,unlessotherwisestated,afullychargedandoperationalchemicalfireextinguisherratedbyunderwriters’labora-tory or factory mutual, appropriately mounted in eitheraverticalorhorizontalposition,andlocatedsoastobereadilyaccessibletotheoperator.Whentwofireextinguishersarerequired,theyaretobeappropriatelymountedandlocatedsothatoneisreadilyaccessibletotheoperatorandtheotherisseparatefromtheoperatorandreadilyaccessibletootherpersonnel.Thefireextinguishershallbeequippedwithagaugetodeterminethelevelofchargepresenttopropelthechemicalfromtheextinguisher;howeverfireextinguishersrequiredforusewithportablepowersawsarenotrequiredtobeequippedwithagaugetodeterminethelevelofcharge.

(13) “Fire hazard”meanstheaccumulationof

Definitions


combustiblematerialsinsuchaconditionastobereadilyignitedandinsuchaquantityastocreateahazardfromfiretonearbystructures,forestareas,life and property.

(14) “Fire tool box” means a compartment of soundconstructionwithawaterprooflid,providedwithhingesandhaspsandsoarrangedthattheboxcanbeproperlysealedandthecontentskeptdry.Theboxshallberedincolorandmarked“firetools”inwhiteorblacklettersatleastthreeincheshigh.Thefiretoolboxshallcontainaminimumof:

(a)Twoaxesorpulaskis;

(b) Threeadzeeyehoes;

(c) Threeshovels.

(15) “Firewatch” means at least one competent persontobeatthesite(s)foronehourfollowingtheoperation of spark-emitting equipment on class 3L daysorabove,orasdeterminedbythedepartmentbasedonthenationalfiredangerratingsystemandotherfiredangerconditions.Thefirewatchshallbevigilantandsolocatedorpositionedtobeabletodetectwithinfiveminutesfireswhichmayoriginateatthesite(s)oftheequipmentoperation.Thefirewatchshallreportafiretotheresponsibleprotectionagencywithinfifteenminutesofdetec-tion.

(16) “Fixed-position machine” means any machineusedforanyportionorphaseofharvest-ing,thinning,sitepreparation,landclearing,road,railroadandutilityrightofwayclearingormainte-

Definitions


nance,mineralornaturalresourcesextraction,orotheroperationthatperformsitsprimaryfunctionfromafixed-position.Thisdefinitionapplieseventhoughsaidmachineiscapableofmovingunderitsownpowertoadifferentfixedposition.

(17) “Forest debris” means forest debris as de-finedinRCW76.04.005.

(18) “Forest land” means forest land as definedinRCW76.04.005.

(19) “Isolation”meansthedivisionorseparationofanadditionalfirehazardintocompartmentsbyaconstructedbarrierofatleastonehundredfeetinwidthatitsnarrowestpoint.Theconstructedbarrier must be free and clear of forest debris as definedinRCW76.04.005andmustbeapproved,inwriting,bythedepartment.

(20) “Mill waste” means waste of all kinds from forest products, including, but not limited to,sawdust,bark,chips,slabs,andcuttingsfromlumber or timber.

(21) “Operation” meanstheuseofequipment,tools, and supporting activities on or adjacent to forestlandthatmaycauseaforestfiretostart.Suchactivitiesmayinclude,butarenotlimitedto,anyphaseofharvesting,thinning,siteprepara-tion,landclearing,road,railroad,andutilityrightof way clearing and maintenance, and mineral or naturalresourceextraction.Theoperatingperiodshallbethattimeperiodwhentheactivityistak-ingplaceandincludesthattimewhenafirewatch

Definitions


would be required to be in attendance.

(22) “Outdoor fire”meansthecombustionofmate-rialintheopen,orinacontainer,withnoprovisionsforthecontrolofsuchcombustionorthecontroloftheemissionsfromthecombustionproducts.

(23) “Person” shallmeananyindividual,part-nership,private,public,ormunicipalcorporation,county,thedepartmentorotherstateorlocalgovernmental entity, or association of individuals of whatevernature.

(24) “Prohibited material or substance” includes rubberproducts,plastics,asphalt,garbage,deadanimals, petroleum products, paints, or any similar materialsthatemitdensesmokeorcreateoffensiveodorswhenburned,pursuanttoRCW70.94.775(1).

(25) “Pulaski” meansaserviceableaxeandhoecombinationtoolwithnotlessthanathreeandone-halfpoundheadandthirty-twoinchhandle.Thebladesshallbeatleasttwoandone-halfincheswide,sharpened,solidandsmooth.Thehandleshallbehungsolid,smoothandstraight.

(26) “Pump truck or pump trailer” means:

(a)Aserviceabletruckortrailerwhich must be able to perform its functions efficientlyandmustbeequippedwithawatertankofnotlessthanathreehundredgalloncapacity,filledwithwater.Thecompletepumptruckorpumptrailershallbekeptreadyforinstantuseforsuppressingforestfires.Ifatrailerisused,itshallbeequippedwithahitch

Definitions


to facilitate prompt moving. A serviceable towvehicleshallbeimmediatelyavailableforattachmenttothetrailer.Thepumptruck,orpumptrailerwithitstowvehicle,mustbeavailablethroughouttheoperatingandwatch-person periods.

(b)Thepumpmaybeaportablepumporsuit-ablepowertake-offpump.Itshallbeplumbedwithabypassorpressurereliefvalve.Thepumpshalldevelop,atpumplevel,pressuresufficienttodischargeaminimumoftwentygallonsperminute,usingaone-quarterinchnozzletipthroughafiftyfootlengthofoneinchoroneandone-halfinchrubber-linedhose.

(c)Thepumptruckorpumptrailershallbeequippedwiththefollowing:

(i)Aminimumoffivehundredfeetofoneoroneandone-halfinchcottonorsyntheticjackethose;

(ii)Afullystockedfiretoolbox.

(d)Thetankshallbeplumbedsothatwatermaybewithdrawnbyonepersonbygravityfeed.Thisoutletshallbeadaptedtoacceptthehoseusedwiththepumptruckorpumptrailer.Theoutletshallbelocatedforeasyfill-ing of pump cans.

(e)Thepumptruckorpumptrailermustbeequippedwithfuel,appropriatetools,accesso-riesandfittingstoperformitsfunctionsfora

Definitions


continuousperiodoffourhours.Arecommend-edlistoftools,fittingsandaccessoriesmaybeobtainedfromthedepartment.

(27) “Recreational fire” meansanoutdoorfireforthepurposeofsport,pastimeorrefreshment,suchascampfires,bonfires,cookingfires,etc.,inahand-builtpilenolargerthanfourfeetindiameterandnotassociatedwithanydebrisdisposalactivi-tiesrelatedtofirehazardeliminationoryardandgarden refuse clean-up.

(28) “Reduction”meanstheeliminationofthatamountofadditionalfirehazardnecessarytopro-duce a remaining average volume of forest debris nogreaterthanninetonsperacreofmaterialthreeinchesindiameterandless.

(29) “Shovel”meansaserviceable,long-handledor“D”-handled,round-pointshovelofatleast“0”sizewithasharpened,solidandsmoothblade.Thehandleontheshovelshallbehungsolid,smoothandstraight.

(30) “Snag” means a standing dead conifer tree overtwenty-fivefeetinheightandsixteeninchesand over in diameter, measured at a point four and one-halffeetabovetheaveragegroundlevelatthebase.

(31) “Tractor or other mobile machine” means anymachinethatmovesunderitsownpowerwhenperforminganyportionorphaseofharvesting,thin-ning, site preparation, land clearing, road, railroad

Definitions


andutilityrightofwayclearingormaintenance,mineralornaturalresourceextraction,orotheroperation.Thisdefinitionincludesanymachine,whethercrawlerorwheel-type,whethersuchma-chinebeengagedinyardingorloading,orinsomeotherfunctionduringtheoperation.

(32) “Uncertified electrical fence controller” includesallelectricalfencecontrollersthatdonotmeetthestandardsforfiresafety developed by Underwriters Laboratories (UL) and doesnothavetheULlabelonthecontroller.

Definitions


Tools and Accessories

DNR-RECOMMENDED TOOLS AND ACCESSORIES FOR A PUMP TRUCK/TRAILER

1. Minimum of 500 feet of 1 or 1 1/2 inch cotton or synthetic jacket hose. (Required in definition of pump truck)

2. One shutoff nozzle with 3/16 inch or 1/4 inch aperture.

3. Twenty feet of suction hose and a strainer suitable for pump use.

4. Sufficient quantity of appropriate fuel to operate the pump for a period of four hours.

5. One grease gun, filled with grease, if the pump requires periodic lubrication.

6. One fuel tank and hose line, if required for pump.

7. Six extra hose washers for each hose size.

8. One or more spanner wrenches of sizes suitable to fit the hose.

9. One reducer, 1 1/2 to 1 inch if both hoses are used.

10. One or more 1/4 turn adapters of appropriate size and thread type to enable national standard or iron pipe hose fittings to be connected to the Department of Natural Resources 1/4 turn couplings.

11. If the pump is operated by an engine other than the truck engine, it must be equipped so that it can be started with a starter rope and the following additional accessories are required:

a. Two quarts of crankcase oil, if required for pump engine.

b. Two starter ropes.

c. Sufficient extra spark plugs to replace all spark plugs in the pump engine.

d. One spark plug wrench unless crescent is suitable.

e. One slip joint pliers, 6 inch.

f. One screwdriver, 4 inch.

g. One crescent wrench, 10 inch.


Best Management Practices

MOBILE FIRE FOAM SYSTEMS

The Department of Natural Resources will accept 30 gallon or larger Mobile Fire Foam Systems or their functional equivalent as a substitute for the pump truck/trailer and portable water supply requirements under the following conditions:

1. The system will be kept fully charged with air, of water, and foam concentrate as recommended by the manufacturer;

2. There will be kept with the system enough extra compressed air, foam concentrate, and appropriate tool to recharge the unit at least once;

3. Units with less than 60 gallons water capacity must have enough water immediately available to recharge the unit at least once;

4. Five hundred feet 1 inch or smaller rubber lined hose connected to the system;

5. One shut off nozzle;

6. Fifty gallons of water will be available on the landing to refill backpack pump cans;

7. The system will be located and outfitted for immediate use at the landing, and equipped for undamaged delivery to any portion of the operation by use of the rigging system or by tractor.

If, in the opinion of the Department, it becomes apparent that this equipment cannot provide fire protection equal to the pump truck/trailer or portable water supply listed in WAC 332-24-405, the Department will rescind this Substitution of Requirements.



BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES GUIDELINES FOR MOTORIZED CARRIAGES(FIRE PRECAUTION LEVEL III)

1. Keep carriage clean of flammable material and debris.

2. Utilize manufactured recommended non-sparking clamping jaws for braking system.

3. Perform daily maintenance checks to assure:

• USDA Forest Service approved exhaust system is in compliance.

• Fire extinguishers are securely mounted on opposite sides of the carriage and fully charged.

• Emergency motor cutoff is in good working order.

• Battery hold-downs are in good repair and positive terminal is insulated.

• Electrical wiring and circuit breakers are in good working order, according to manufacturer specifications.

• Non-sparking clamping jaws are in good working order.

4. For operations in western Washington (summit of the Cascade Mountains west), monitor relative humidity hourly. Shut down operations when relative humidity is less than 30%.



TETHERED LOGGING SYSTEMS AND IFPL APPLICABILITYThe Department of Natural Resources interprets tethered logging systems involving winch assisted, cable assisted, traction assisted, etc. operations that enable ground based timber harvesting machines to operate on steep slopes, to fall under the provisions of WAC 332-24-301. This suspends operations when fire danger levels as expressed through the IFPL system so direct.

WAC 332-24-301(3)(a)(iii), creates an exception during IFPL level 3 shutdowns when, “tractors, skidders, or other equipment with a blade capable of constructing fireline, are immediately available to quickly reach and effectively attack a fire start.” Tethered systems cannot be “immediately available” to attack a fire start due to its deployment methodology. Therefore, DNR interprets WAC 332-24-301(3)(a)(iii) to apply only when untethered tractors, skidders, or other equipment with a blade are on site and capable of immediately constructing fireline.

dnr.wa.gov/ifpl

Documents

Requirements for Operations On or Near Forest Land · Forest Fire Protection Requirements for Operations On or Near Forest Land7 INTRODUCTION This booklet details Washington State’s