Request for CERN recognized experiment status for the IceCube neutrino telescope

Request for CERN Request for CERN recognized recognized

experiment status for experiment status for the the

IceCube IceCube neutrino telescopeneutrino telescope

Per Olof HulthPer Olof Hulth

Stockholm universityStockholm university

[email protected]@physto.sese

2004-12-2 CERN Per Olof Hulth

IceCubeIceCube Neutrino telescope to be built in the ice sheet at Neutrino telescope to be built in the ice sheet at

the South Pole, Antarcticathe South Pole, Antarctica Place 1450 m - 2450 m below the Amundsen - Place 1450 m - 2450 m below the Amundsen -

Scott base at the South PoleScott base at the South Pole Design and construction based on the experience Design and construction based on the experience

from the AMANDA neutrino telescopefrom the AMANDA neutrino telescope

Spokesperson: Per Olof Hulth, Stockholm University, SwedenSpokesperson: Per Olof Hulth, Stockholm University, Sweden US Principal Investigator: Francis Halzen, University US Principal Investigator: Francis Halzen, University

Wisconsin, USAWisconsin, USA Project Director: Jim Yeck, University of Wisconsin, USAProject Director: Jim Yeck, University of Wisconsin, USA


Amundsen-Scott South Pole station

South PoleDome

Summer camp

AMANDA

“North”

road to work

1500 m

2000 m

[not to scale]

IceCube


neutrin

o

myon Very transparent ice

at large depth!

Cherenkov light


neutrin

o

myon

One milion atmospheric muons for

each atmospheric

neutrino

Choose only muons from below!


Hot water

-55 C

-25 C-2500 m

-50 m


AMANDA(Antarctic Muon And Neutrino

Detector Array)

The worlds largest neutrino telescope

Built 1995-2000

19 strings with 670 optical modules

“The seventh wonder of modern astronomy”

“The wierdest”

(Scientific American)


Drilling towerOptical module


-840 m


Neutrino Neutrino interaction interaction in AMANDAin AMANDA

AMANDA AMANDA observes 3-4 observes 3-4 atmospheric atmospheric neutrinos per dayneutrinos per day

QuickTime™ and aGIF decompressor

are needed to see this picture.


Highest Highest energyenergy event event

observedobserved

Electron neutrino interaction

About 200 TeV


AMANDA data 2000

Direction of origin in the northern hemisphere

of detected neutrinos in AMANDA


AMANDA data 2000


Search for HE neutrino point sources

2000-2002 data

Highest: 3.6

Above 3σ: 2Expect 2.33(from randomdistribution)

922 events

Highest: 3.41

Above 3σ: 1

σsignificance mapUnbinned statistical analysis:

use track resolution (→pdf) for each event

No excess in significance beyond randomly expected

Scrambled in azimuthal direction!

Very PRELIMINARY

equatorial coordinates


Sensitivity to muon flux from neutralino annihilations in the center of the Earth:

WIMP annihilations in the centre of WIMP annihilations in the centre of EarthEarth

Eμ > 1 GeV

Muon flux limits

PRELIMINARYμν→→ + H Z, W,,ll ,qq -xx

Look for vertically upgoing tracks

NN optimized (on 20% data) to - remove misreconstructed atm. μ - suppress atmospheric ν - maximize sensitivity to WIMP signal

Combine 3 years: 1997-99

Total live-time (80%): 422 days

No WIMP signal found

Disfavored by direct search(CDMS II)

μν→→ + -WWxxμν→→ + -ôôxx

Limit for “hardest” channel:

GeV 5000-100 =xM

GeV 50 =xM


WIMP annihilations in the SunWIMP annihilations in the Sun

Increased capture rate due to addition of spin-dependent processes

Sun is maximally 23° below horizon

Search with AMANDA-II possible thanks to improved reconstructioncapabilities for horizontal tracks

Exclusion sensitivity fromanalyzing off-source bins

2001 data0.39 years livetime

Best sensitivity (considering livetime) of existing indirect searches using

muons from the Sun/Earth

No WIMP signal found

Eμ > 1 GeV

PRELIMINARYMuon flux limits


Despite AMANDA being the worlds largest Neutrino Telescope,

it is expected to be too small!!

No cosmic neutrinos observed in AMANDA yet.

We need a telescope with a volume of one km3!

IceCube!!


IceCube CollaborationIceCube Collaboration

28 institutes in nine countries and 28 institutes in nine countries and five continentsfive continents

12 institutes in Europe12 institutes in Europe In total about 170 scientists and In total about 170 scientists and

about 70 from Europe (95 US)about 70 from Europe (95 US)


USA (13)USA (13)

Europe (12)Europe (12)

Venezuela (1)Venezuela (1)

Japan (1)Japan (1)

New Zealand (1)New Zealand (1)

• Bartol Research Institute, Delaware, USA*• Univ. of Alabama, USA• Pennsylvania State University, USA *• UC Berkeley, USA *• Clark-Atlanta University, USA• Univ. of Maryland, USA• UC Irvine, USA * * Also AMANDA

• Bartol Research Institute, Delaware, USA*• Univ. of Alabama, USA• Pennsylvania State University, USA *• UC Berkeley, USA *• Clark-Atlanta University, USA• Univ. of Maryland, USA• UC Irvine, USA * * Also AMANDA

• IAS, Princeton, USA• University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA *• University of Wisconsin-River Falls, USA *• LBNL, Berkeley, USA *• University of Kansas, USA *• Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, USA

• IAS, Princeton, USA• University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA *• University of Wisconsin-River Falls, USA *• LBNL, Berkeley, USA *• University of Kansas, USA *• Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, USA

• Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium *• Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium *• Université de Mons-Hainaut, Belgium *• Universität Mainz, Germany *• DESY-Zeuthen, Germany *• Universität Dortmund, Germany *

• Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium *• Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium *• Université de Mons-Hainaut, Belgium *• Universität Mainz, Germany *• DESY-Zeuthen, Germany *• Universität Dortmund, Germany *

• Universität Wuppertal, Germany *• Uppsala university, Sweden *• Stockholm university, Sweden *• Imperial College, London, UK• Oxford university, UK• Utrecht,university, Netherlands

• Universität Wuppertal, Germany *• Uppsala university, Sweden *• Stockholm university, Sweden *• Imperial College, London, UK• Oxford university, UK• Utrecht,university, Netherlands

• Chiba university, Japan• University of Canterbury, Christchurch, NZ

• Chiba university, Japan• University of Canterbury, Christchurch, NZ

ANTARCTICA

• Universidad Simon Bolivar, Caracas, Venezuela *


Scientific goalsScientific goals Search for High Energy Neutrino sources in Search for High Energy Neutrino sources in

Cosmos (the origin of the cosmic rays?)Cosmos (the origin of the cosmic rays?) Search for dark matter particle annihilation Search for dark matter particle annihilation

(WIMPs) in the centre of Sun and Earth(WIMPs) in the centre of Sun and Earth Supernova search Supernova search Magnetic monopoles, slowly moving particlesMagnetic monopoles, slowly moving particles Cosmic ray composition (IceTop + IceCube) Cosmic ray composition (IceTop + IceCube) Discover something unexpected…..Discover something unexpected…..


IceCubIceCubee

1450 m

2450 m

AMANDA

South Pole

IceTop

Skiway 80 Strings80 Strings

4800 PMT in ice4800 PMT in ice

Instrumented Instrumented volume: 1 km3 (1 volume: 1 km3 (1 Gt)Gt)

IceCube is IceCube is designed to detect designed to detect neutrinos of all neutrinos of all flavors at energies flavors at energies from 10from 1077 eV (SN) to eV (SN) to 10102020 eV eV

Icetop 160 tanks Icetop 160 tanks with total 320 PMTwith total 320 PMT


Total Baseline Cost by Year Total Baseline Cost by Year ($M)($M)

PY01 PY02 PY03 PY04 PY05 PY06 PY07 PY08 PY09 TOTAL

US 14.43 24.31 41.74 51.20 49.87 26.45 21.78 11.33 0.95 242.07

NON-US 0 2.22 5.10 6.71 6.99 5.42 2.09 1.16 0 29.70

TOTAL 14.43 26.53 46.85 57.91 56.86 31.87 23.87 12.49 0.95 271.77

US funding 100% from National Science Foundation (MRE)


European contributionsEuropean contributions•Belgium About 1.5 $M for hardware (approved)

–FNRS (Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique) and FWO (Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek), the French and Flemish Funds for Scientific Research : –Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme - Belgian Science Policy

•Germany–DESY About 4.3 $M for hardware(approved)

•DESY: 90% Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF Bundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung) •10% Ministry of Science of the Land Brandenburg

–Universities About 1.6 $M for hardware (not yet approved)

•Federal Ministry of Education and Research •Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG

•Sweden About 4 $M for hardware (approved)–Swedish Research Council (state)–K & A Wallenberg Foundation (private)–Swedish Polar Research Secretariat (state)


Constructing IceCubeConstructing IceCube

The IceCube Project office in The IceCube Project office in Madison with Jim Yeck as Project Madison with Jim Yeck as Project Director has the direct responsibility Director has the direct responsibility for the construction of IceCube.for the construction of IceCube.

The IceCube Collaboration Board The IceCube Collaboration Board has the responsibility for scientific has the responsibility for scientific questionsquestions



ν

decays1 PeV (300m)

decays

νinteraction

νν - flavors and energy ranges- flavors and energy ranges

• Filled area: particle id, direction, energy• Shaded area: energy only


Assume generic flux dN/dE = 10 –7 E-2 (cm-2s-1sr-1GeV)

Expect

~103 events/year after atm μ rejection

~75 events/year after energy cut

cf background 8 atm n

atm v

signal

Sensitivity (1 y): 8.110-9 E-2

(cm-2s-1sr-1GeV)

blue: after atm μ rejectionred: after Eμ cut

Diffuse νμ flux


Digital Optical module (DOM)

a self-contained ”mini”-DAQ

records timestamps digitizes stores transmits to

surface at request

an optical sensor10 inch Hamamatsu R-7081

mu metal cage

PMT

penetrator HV board

flasher board

DOMmain board

pressure sphere

optical gel

delay board


10” PMTHamatsu-70


IceCubeIceCube First 4 (?) strings to be deployed January 2005First 4 (?) strings to be deployed January 2005 The rest of the stringsThe rest of the strings

12 strings 05/06 12 strings 05/06 16 strings 06/07 16 strings 06/07 18 strings 07/08 18 strings 07/08 18 strings 08/0918 strings 08/09 12 strings 09/1012 strings 09/10

We start taking data when the first strings are We start taking data when the first strings are deployed!deployed!

AMANDA will be part of the IceCube telescope AMANDA will be part of the IceCube telescope (One collaboration March 2005)(One collaboration March 2005)


TransportsTransports

Christchurch New Christchurch New ZealandZealand

Christchurch - Christchurch - McMurdo 5-9 h by McMurdo 5-9 h by plane (C17 or plane (C17 or Hercules).Hercules).

McMurdo - South McMurdo - South Pole, 3 h by Pole, 3 h by HerculesHercules

From Christchurch

New Zealand

McMurdo

South Pole


European activitiesEuropean activities Europe will produce and test 880 + 1300 Europe will produce and test 880 + 1300

out of 4800 DOMsout of 4800 DOMs European as the Spokesperson 2+2 years European as the Spokesperson 2+2 years

(2001-2005)(2001-2005) European leads in Simulation, European leads in Simulation,

Reconstruction and AMANDA integrationReconstruction and AMANDA integration European industry will most probably European industry will most probably

deliver the string cables (Ericsson, Sweden deliver the string cables (Ericsson, Sweden or JDR, Netherlands)or JDR, Netherlands)

The European groups are very strong in The European groups are very strong in data analysis (experiences from AMANDA)data analysis (experiences from AMANDA)


Drill equipment arriving McMurdo November 2004


The new South Pole The new South Pole stationstation


The new Station The new Station restaurantrestaurant


View from the new View from the new stationstation


IceCube drill camp construction site of the first hole,

Nov 25, 2004



IceCube as a CERN IceCube as a CERN recognized projectrecognized project

Be able to organize meetings at Be able to organize meetings at CERNCERN

Be able to use library and electronic Be able to use library and electronic journalsjournals

Be able to use CERN softwareBe able to use CERN software To have team accountsTo have team accounts To be able to have computing To be able to have computing

accountsaccounts


European PIsEuropean PIsBelgium

Univ. Libre de Bruxelles, D. BertrandVrije Univ. Brussel, C. De ClercqUniv. de Mons-Hainaut, P. Herquet

GermanyUniv. Mainz, L. Koepke DESY-Zeuthen, C. Spiering Univ. Dortmund, W. Rohde Univ. Wuppertal K-H. Kampert

SwedenStockholm univ. P.O. HulthUppsala univ. A. Hallgren

NetherlandsUtrecht univ. N. van Eijndhoven

UKImperial Collage I. LiubarskyOxford univ. S. Sakar

Documents

Request for CERN recognized experiment status for the IceCube neutrino telescope